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• Multitenancy in SQL Azure

  - by cibrax

  If you are building a SaaS application in Windows Azure that relies on SQL Azure, it’s probably that you will need to support multiple tenants at database level. This is short overview of the different approaches you can use for support that scenario, A different database per tenant A new database is created and assigned when a tenant is provisioned. Pros Complete isolation between tenants. All the data for a tenant lives in a database only he can access. Cons It’s not cost effective. SQL Azure databases are not cheap, and the minimum size for a database is 1GB.  You might be paying for storage that you don’t really use. A different connection pool is required per database. Updates must be replicated across all the databases You need multiple backup strategies across all the databases Multiple schemas in a database shared by all the tenants A single database is shared among all the tenants, but every tenant is assigned to a different schema and database user. Pros You only pay for a single database. Data is isolated at database level. If the credentials for one tenant is compromised, the rest of the data for the other tenants is not. Cons You need to replicate all the database objects in every schema, so the number of objects can increase indefinitely. Updates must be replicated across all the schemas. The connection pool for the database must maintain a different connection per tenant (or set of credentials) A different user is required per tenant, which is stored at server level. You have to backup that user independently. Centralizing the database access with store procedures in a database shared by all the tenants A single database is shared among all the tenants, but nobody can read the data directly from the tables. All the data operations are performed through store procedures that centralize the access to the tenant data. The store procedures contain some logic to map the database user to an specific tenant. Pros You only pay for a single database. You only have a set of objects to maintain and backup. Cons There is no real isolation. All the data for the different tenants is shared in the same tables. You can not use traditional ORM like EF code first for consuming the data. A different user is required per tenant, which is stored at server level. You have to backup that user independently. SQL Federations A single database is shared among all the tenants, but a different federation is used per tenant. A federation in few words, it’s a mechanism for horizontal scaling in SQL Azure, which basically uses the idea of logical partitions to distribute data based on certain criteria. Pros You only have a single database with multiple federations. You can use filtering in the connections to pick the right federation, so any ORM could be used to consume the data. Cons There is no real isolation at that database level. The isolation is enforced programmatically with federations.

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• Is this over-abstraction? (And is there a name for it?)

  - by mwhite

  I work on a large Django application that uses CouchDB as a database and couchdbkit for mapping CouchDB documents to objects in Python, similar to Django's default ORM. It has dozens of model classes and a hundred or two CouchDB views. The application allows users to register a "domain", which gives them a unique URL containing the domain name that gives them access to a project whose data has no overlap with the data of other domains. Each document that is part of a domain has its domain property set to that domain's name. As far as relationships between the documents go, all domains are effectively mutually exclusive subsets of the data, except for a few edge cases (some users can be members of more than one domain, and there are some administrative reports that include all domains, etc.). The code is full of explicit references to the domain name, and I'm wondering if it would be worth the added complexity to abstract this out. I'd also like to know if there's a name for the sort of bound property approach I'm taking here. Basically, I have something like this in mind: Before in models.py class User(Document): domain = StringProperty() class Group(Document): domain = StringProperty() name = StringProperty() user_ids = StringListProperty() # method that returns related document set def users(self): return [User.get(id) for id in self.user_ids] # method that queries a couch view optimized for a specific lookup @classmethod def by_name(cls, domain, name): # the view method is provided by couchdbkit and handles # wrapping json CouchDB results as Python objects, and # can take various parameters modifying behavior return cls.view('groups/by_name', key=[domain, name]) # method that creates a related document def get_new_user(self): user = User(domain=self.domain) user.save() self.user_ids.append(user._id) return user in views.py: from models import User, Group # there are tons of views like this, (request, domain, ...) def create_new_user_in_group(request, domain, group_name): group = Group.by_name(domain, group_name)[0] user = User(domain=domain) user.save() group.user_ids.append(user._id) group.save() in group/by_name/map.js: function (doc) { if (doc.doc_type == "Group") { emit([doc.domain, doc.name], null); } } After models.py class DomainDocument(Document): domain = StringProperty() @classmethod def domain_view(cls, *args, **kwargs): kwargs['key'] = [cls.domain.default] + kwargs['key'] return super(DomainDocument, cls).view(*args, **kwargs) @classmethod def get(cls, *args, **kwargs, validate_domain=True): ret = super(DomainDocument, cls).get(*args, **kwargs) if validate_domain and ret.domain != cls.domain.default: raise Exception() return ret def models(self): # a mapping of all models in the application. accessing one returns the equivalent of class BoundUser(User): domain = StringProperty(default=self.domain) class User(DomainDocument): pass class Group(DomainDocument): name = StringProperty() user_ids = StringListProperty() def users(self): return [self.models.User.get(id) for id in self.user_ids] @classmethod def by_name(cls, name): return cls.domain_view('groups/by_name', key=[name]) def get_new_user(self): user = self.models.User() user.save() views.py @domain_view # decorator that sets request.models to the same sort of object that is returned by DomainDocument.models and removes the domain argument from the URL router def create_new_user_in_group(request, group_name): group = request.models.Group.by_name(group_name) user = request.models.User() user.save() group.user_ids.append(user._id) group.save() (Might be better to leave the abstraction leaky here in order to avoid having to deal with a couchapp-style //! include of a wrapper for emit that prepends doc.domain to the key or some other similar solution.) function (doc) { if (doc.doc_type == "Group") { emit([doc.name], null); } } Pros and Cons So what are the pros and cons of this? Pros: DRYer prevents you from creating related documents but forgetting to set the domain. prevents you from accidentally writing a django view - couch view execution path that leads to a security breach doesn't prevent you from accessing underlying self.domain and normal Document.view() method potentially gets rid of the need for a lot of sanity checks verifying whether two documents whose domains we expect to be equal are. Cons: adds some complexity hides what's really happening requires no model modules to have classes with the same name, or you would need to add sub-attributes to self.models for modules. However, requiring project-wide unique class names for models should actually be fine because they correspond to the doc_type property couchdbkit uses to decide which class to instantiate them as, which should be unique. removes explicit dependency documentation (from group.models import Group)

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• ADF page security - the untold password rule

  - by ankuchak

  I'm kinda new to Oracle ADF. So, in this blog post I'm going to share something with you that I faced (and recovered from) recently. Initially I thought if I should at all put a blog post on this, because it's totally simple. Still, simplicity is a relative term. So without wasting further time, let's kick off.    I was exploring the ADF security aspect to secure a page through html basic authentication. The idea is very simple and the credential store etc. come into picture. But I was not able to run a successful test of this phenomenally simple thing even after trying for over 30 minutes. This is what I did.   I created a simple jsf page and put a panel in it. And I put a simple el to show the current user name.  Next I created a user that I should test with. I named the password as myuser, just to keep it simple. Then I created an enterprise role and mapped the user that I just created. Then I created an application role and mapped the enterprise role to it. Then I mapped the resource, the simple jsf page in this case, to this application role. This way, only users with the given application role can only access this page (as if you didn't know this duh!).  Of course, I had to create the page definition for the page before I could map it to an application role. What else! done! Then I hit the run menu item and it all went well...   Until... I got this message. I put the correct credentials repeatedly 2-3 times. Still I got the same error. Why? I didn't get any error message during the deployment. nope.  Then, as I said before, I spent over 30 minutes trying different things out, things like mapping only the user(not the role) to the page, changing the context root etc. Nothing worked!  Then of course, I bothered to look at the logs and found this. See the first red line. That says it all. So the problem was with that password. The password must have at least one special character and one digit in it. I think I was misled by the missing password hint/rule and the fact that the deployment didn't fail even if the user was not created properly. Well, yes, I agree that I was fool enough not to look at the logs.  Later I changed the password to something like myuser123# . And it worked. I hope it helped.

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• Webcast On-Demand: Building Java EE Apps That Scale

  - by jeckels

  With some awesome work by one of our architects, Randy Stafford, we recently completed a webcast on scaling Java EE apps efficiently. Did you miss it? No problem. We have a replay available on-demand for you. Just hit the '+' sign drop-down for access.Topics include: Domain object caching Service response caching Session state caching JSR-107 HotCache and more! Further, we had several interesting questions asked by our audience, and we thought we'd share a sampling of those here for you - just in case you had the same queries yourself. Enjoy! What is the largest Coherence deployment out there? We have seen deployments with over 500 JVMs in the Coherence cluster, and deployments with over 1000 JVMs using the Coherence jar file, in one system. On the management side there is an ecosystem of monitoring tools from Oracle and third parties with dashboards graphing values from Coherence's JMX instrumentation. For lifecycle management we have seen a lot of custom scripting over the years, but we've also integrated closely with WebLogic to leverage its management ecosystem for deploying Coherence-based applications and managing process life cycles. That integration introduces a new Java EE archive type, the Grid Archive or GAR, which embeds in an EAR and can be seen by a WAR in WebLogic. That integration also doesn't require any extra WebLogic licensing if Coherence is licensed. How is Coherence different from a NoSQL Database like MongoDB? Coherence can be considered a NoSQL technology. It pre-dates the NoSQL movement, having been first released in 2001 whereas the term "NoSQL" was coined in 2009. Coherence has a key-value data model primarily but can also be used for document data models. Coherence manages data in memory currently, though disk persistence is in a future release currently in beta testing. Where the data is managed yields a few differences from the most well-known NoSQL products: access latency is faster with Coherence, though well-known NoSQL databases can manage more data. Coherence also has features that well-known NoSQL database lack, such as grid computing, eventing, and data source integration. Finally Coherence has had 15 years of maturation and hardening from usage in mission-critical systems across a variety of industries, particularly financial services. Can I use Coherence for local caching? Yes, you get additional features beyond just a java.util.Map: you get expiration capabilities, size-limitation capabilities, eventing capabilites, etc. Are there APIs available for GoldenGate HotCache? It's mostly a black box. You configure it, and it just puts objects into your caches. However you can treat it as a glass box, and use Coherence event interceptors to enhance its behavior - and there are use cases for that. Are Coherence caches updated transactionally? Coherence provides several mechanisms for concurrency control. If a project insists on full-blown JTA / XA distributed transactions, Coherence caches can participate as resources. But nobody does that because it's a performance and scalability anti-pattern. At finer granularity, Coherence guarantees strict ordering of all operations (reads and writes) against a single cache key if the operations are done using Coherence's "EntryProcessor" feature. And Coherence has a unique feature called "partition-level transactions" which guarantees atomic writes of multiple cache entries (even in different caches) without requiring JTA / XA distributed transaction semantics.

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• SQL Server Licensing in a VMware vSphere Cluster

  - by Helvick

  If I have SQL Server 2008 instances running in virtual machines on a VMware vSphere cluster with vMotion\DRS enabled so that the VM's can (potentially) run on any one of the physical servers in the cluster what precisely are the license requirements? For example assume that I have 4 physical ESX Hosts with dual physical CPU's and 3 separate single vCPU Virtual Machines running SQL Server 2008 running in that cluster. How many SQL Standard Processor licenses would I need? Is it 3 (one per VM) or 12 (one per VM on each physical host) or something else? How many SQL Enterprise Processor licenses would I need? Is it 3 (one per VM) or 8 (one for each physical CPU in the cluster) or, again, something else? The range in the list prices for these options goes from $17k to $200k so getting it right is quite important. Bonus question: If I choose the Server+CAL licensing model do I need to buy multiple Server instance licenses for each of the ESX hosts (so 12 copies of the SQL Server Standard server license so that there are enough licenses on each host to run all VM's) or again can I just license the VM and what difference would using Enterprise per server licensing make? Edited to Add Having spent some time reading the SQL 2008 Licensing Guide (63 Pages! Includes Maps!*) I've come across this: • Under the Server/CAL model, you may run unlimited instances of SQL Server 2008 Enterprise within the server farm, and move those instances freely, as long as those instances are not running on more servers than the number of licenses assigned to the server farm. • Under the Per Processor model, you effectively count the greatest number of physical processors that may support running instances of SQL Server 2008 Enterprise at any one time across the server farm and assign that number of Processor licenses And earlier: ..For SQL Server, these rule changes apply to SQL Server 2008 Enterprise only. By my reading this means that for my 3 VM's I only need 3 SQL 2008 Enterprise Processor Licenses or one copy of Server Enterprise + CALs for the cluster. By implication it means that I have to license all processors if I choose SQL 2008 Standard Processor licensing or that I have to buy a copy of SQL Server 2008 Standard for each ESX host if I choose to use CALs. *There is a map to demonstrate that a Server Farm cannot extend across an area broader than 3 timezones unless it's in the European Free Trade Area, I wasn't expecting that when I started reading it.

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• SQL Server Licensing in a VMware vSphere Cluster

  - by Helvick

  If I have SQL Server 2008 instances running in virtual machines on a VMware vSphere cluster with vMotion\DRS enabled so that the VM's can (potentially) run on any one of the physical servers in the cluster what precisely are the license requirements? For example assume that I have 4 physical ESX Hosts with dual physical CPU's and 3 separate single vCPU Virtual Machines running SQL Server 2008 running in that cluster. How many SQL Standard Processor licenses would I need? Is it 3 (one per VM) or 12 (one per VM on each physical host) or something else? How many SQL Enterprise Processor licenses would I need? Is it 3 (one per VM) or 8 (one for each physical CPU in the cluster) or, again, something else? The range in the list prices for these options goes from $17k to $200k so getting it right is quite important. Bonus question: If I choose the Server+CAL licensing model do I need to buy multiple Server instance licenses for each of the ESX hosts (so 12 copies of the SQL Server Standard server license so that there are enough licenses on each host to run all VM's) or again can I just license the VM and what difference would using Enterprise per server licensing make? Edited to Add Having spent some time reading the SQL 2008 Licensing Guide (63 Pages! Includes Maps!*) I've come across this: • Under the Server/CAL model, you may run unlimited instances of SQL Server 2008 Enterprise within the server farm, and move those instances freely, as long as those instances are not running on more servers than the number of licenses assigned to the server farm. • Under the Per Processor model, you effectively count the greatest number of physical processors that may support running instances of SQL Server 2008 Enterprise at any one time across the server farm and assign that number of Processor licenses And earlier: ..For SQL Server, these rule changes apply to SQL Server 2008 Enterprise only. By my reading this means that for my 3 VM's I only need 3 SQL 2008 Enterprise Processor Licenses or one copy of Server Enterprise + CALs for the cluster. By implication it means that I have to license all processors if I choose SQL 2008 Standard Processor licensing or that I have to buy a copy of SQL Server 2008 Standard for each ESX host if I choose to use CALs. *There is a map to demonstrate that a Server Farm cannot extend across an area broader than 3 timezones unless it's in the European Free Trade Area, I wasn't expecting that when I started reading it.

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• Pulseaudio is no longer working in Debian Squeeze: 'Failed to open module "module-combine-sink": file not found'

  - by mattalexx

  I'm having a problem with pulseaudio. My machine crashed, and when I rebooted and ran pavucontrol, I got a "Connection Failed: Connection refused" dialog. When I run pulseaudio --log-level=info --log-target=stderr from the command line, I get the following output: [...] I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:1: No such file or directory I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:1: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:1: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:1: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:1: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:1: Invalid argument I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=1,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=1,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=1,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=1,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=1,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:1 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:1: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC1D0c' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:1: No such file or directory I: card.c: Created 0 "alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio" I: alsa-sink.c: Successfully opened device front:1. I: alsa-sink.c: Selected mapping 'Analog Stereo' (analog-stereo). I: alsa-sink.c: Successfully enabled mmap() mode. I: alsa-sink.c: Successfully enabled timer-based scheduling mode. I: (alsa-lib)control.c: Invalid CTL front:1 I: alsa-mixer.c: Unable to attach to mixer front:1: No such file or directory I: alsa-mixer.c: Successfully attached to mixer 'hw:1' W: alsa-mixer.c: Your kernel driver is broken: it reports a volume range from 0.00 dB to 0.00 dB which makes no sense. I: module-device-restore.c: Restoring volume for sink alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio.analog-stereo. I: sink.c: Created sink 0 "alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio.analog-stereo" with sample spec s16le 2ch 44100Hz and channel map front-left,front-right I: sink.c: alsa.resolution_bits = "16" I: sink.c: device.api = "alsa" I: sink.c: device.class = "sound" I: sink.c: alsa.class = "generic" I: sink.c: alsa.subclass = "generic-mix" I: sink.c: alsa.name = "USB Audio" I: sink.c: alsa.id = "USB Audio" I: sink.c: alsa.subdevice = "0" I: sink.c: alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0" I: sink.c: alsa.device = "0" I: sink.c: alsa.card = "1" I: sink.c: alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio" I: sink.c: alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.2, full speed" I: sink.c: alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio" I: sink.c: device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1a.0-usb-0:1.2:1.1" I: sink.c: sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.1/sound/card1" I: sink.c: udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio" I: sink.c: device.bus = "usb" I: sink.c: device.vendor.id = "1852" I: sink.c: device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD" I: sink.c: device.product.id = "7022" I: sink.c: device.product.name = "DigiHug_USB_Audio" I: sink.c: device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio" I: sink.c: device.string = "front:1" I: sink.c: device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800" I: sink.c: device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400" I: sink.c: device.access_mode = "mmap+timer" I: sink.c: device.profile.name = "analog-stereo" I: sink.c: device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo" I: sink.c: device.description = "DigiHug_USB_Audio Analog Stereo" I: sink.c: alsa.mixer_name = "USB Mixer" I: sink.c: alsa.components = "USB1852:7022" I: sink.c: module-udev-detect.discovered = "1" I: sink.c: device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb" I: source.c: Created source 0 "alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio.analog-stereo.monitor" with sample spec s16le 2ch 44100Hz and channel map front-left,front-right I: source.c: device.description = "Monitor of DigiHug_USB_Audio Analog Stereo" I: source.c: device.class = "monitor" I: source.c: alsa.card = "1" I: source.c: alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio" I: source.c: alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.2, full speed" I: source.c: alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio" I: source.c: device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1a.0-usb-0:1.2:1.1" I: source.c: sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.1/sound/card1" I: source.c: udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio" I: source.c: device.bus = "usb" I: source.c: device.vendor.id = "1852" I: source.c: device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD" I: source.c: device.product.id = "7022" I: source.c: device.product.name = "DigiHug_USB_Audio" I: source.c: device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio" I: source.c: device.string = "1" I: source.c: module-udev-detect.discovered = "1" I: source.c: device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb" I: alsa-sink.c: Using 2.0 fragments of size 176400 bytes (1000.00ms), buffer size is 352800 bytes (2000.00ms) I: alsa-sink.c: Time scheduling watermark is 20.00ms I: alsa-sink.c: Hardware volume ranges from 0 to 110. I: alsa-sink.c: Using hardware volume control. Hardware dB scale not supported. I: alsa-sink.c: Using hardware mute control. I: core-util.c: Successfully enabled SCHED_RR scheduling for thread, with priority 5. I: alsa-sink.c: Starting playback. I: module.c: Loaded "module-alsa-card" (index: #4; argument: "device_id="1" name="usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio" card_name="alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio" tsched=yes ignore_dB=no card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1""). I: module-udev-detect.c: Card /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.1/sound/card1 (alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio) module loaded. I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device front:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hw:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround40:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround40:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround40:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround40:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround40:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround41:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround41:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround41:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround41:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround41:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround50:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround50:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround50:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround50:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround50:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround51:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround51:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround51:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround51:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround51:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround71:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround71:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround71:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround71:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device surround71:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm_hw.c: open '/dev/snd/pcmC2D0p' failed (-2) I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device iec958:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM a52:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device a52:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=2,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=2,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=2,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=2,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:2: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)confmisc.c: Unable to find definition 'cards.USB-Audio.pcm.hdmi.0:CARD=2,AES0=4,AES1=130,AES2=0,AES3=2' I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)conf.c: Evaluate error: No such file or directory I: (alsa-lib)pcm.c: Unknown PCM hdmi:2 I: alsa-util.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:2: No such file or directory I: alsa-util.c: Device hw:2 doesn't support 44100 Hz, changed to 8000 Hz. I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:front:2: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:hw:2: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:2: Invalid argument I: alsa-util.c: Failed to set hardware parameters on plug:iec958:2: Invalid argument I: module-card-restore.c: Restoring profile for card alsa_card.usb-046d_08d7-01-U0x46d0x8d7. I: card.c: Created 1 "alsa_card.usb-046d_08d7-01-U0x46d0x8d7" I: module.c: Loaded "module-alsa-card" (index: #5; argument: "device_id="2" name="usb-046d_08d7-01-U0x46d0x8d7" card_name="alsa_card.usb-046d_08d7-01-U0x46d0x8d7" tsched=yes ignore_dB=no card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1""). I: module-udev-detect.c: Card /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.1/sound/card2 (alsa_card.usb-046d_08d7-01-U0x46d0x8d7) module loaded. I: module-udev-detect.c: Found 3 cards. I: module.c: Loaded "module-udev-detect" (index: #6; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-esound-protocol-unix" (index: #7; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-native-protocol-unix" (index: #8; argument: ""). I: module-default-device-restore.c: Saved default sink 'alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-surround-41' not existant, not restoring default sink setting. I: module-default-device-restore.c: Saved default source 'alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-surround-41.monitor' not existant, not restoring default source setting. I: module.c: Loaded "module-default-device-restore" (index: #9; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-rescue-streams" (index: #10; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-always-sink" (index: #11; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-intended-roles" (index: #12; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-suspend-on-idle" (index: #13; argument: ""). I: client.c: Created 0 "ConsoleKit Session /org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Session2" I: module.c: Loaded "module-console-kit" (index: #14; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-position-event-sounds" (index: #15; argument: ""). I: module.c: Loaded "module-cork-music-on-phone" (index: #16; argument: ""). E: module.c: Failed to open module "module-combine-sink": file not found E: main.c: Module load failed. E: main.c: Failed to initialize daemon. I: module.c: Unloading "module-device-restore" (index: #0). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-device-restore" (index: #0). I: module.c: Unloading "module-stream-restore" (index: #1). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-stream-restore" (index: #1). I: module.c: Unloading "module-card-restore" (index: #2). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-card-restore" (index: #2). I: module.c: Unloading "module-augment-properties" (index: #3). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-augment-properties" (index: #3). I: module.c: Unloading "module-alsa-card" (index: #4). I: sink.c: Freeing sink 0 "alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio.analog-stereo" I: source.c: Freeing source 0 "alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio.analog-stereo.monitor" I: card.c: Freed 0 "alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01-Audio" I: module.c: Unloaded "module-alsa-card" (index: #4). I: module.c: Unloading "module-alsa-card" (index: #5). I: card.c: Freed 1 "alsa_card.usb-046d_08d7-01-U0x46d0x8d7" I: module.c: Unloaded "module-alsa-card" (index: #5). I: module.c: Unloading "module-udev-detect" (index: #6). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-udev-detect" (index: #6). I: module.c: Unloading "module-esound-protocol-unix" (index: #7). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-esound-protocol-unix" (index: #7). I: module.c: Unloading "module-native-protocol-unix" (index: #8). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-native-protocol-unix" (index: #8). I: module.c: Unloading "module-default-device-restore" (index: #9). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-default-device-restore" (index: #9). I: module.c: Unloading "module-rescue-streams" (index: #10). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-rescue-streams" (index: #10). I: module.c: Unloading "module-always-sink" (index: #11). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-always-sink" (index: #11). I: module.c: Unloading "module-intended-roles" (index: #12). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-intended-roles" (index: #12). I: module.c: Unloading "module-suspend-on-idle" (index: #13). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-suspend-on-idle" (index: #13). I: module.c: Unloading "module-console-kit" (index: #14). I: client.c: Freed 0 "ConsoleKit Session /org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Session2" I: module.c: Unloaded "module-console-kit" (index: #14). I: module.c: Unloading "module-position-event-sounds" (index: #15). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-position-event-sounds" (index: #15). I: module.c: Unloading "module-cork-music-on-phone" (index: #16). I: module.c: Unloaded "module-cork-music-on-phone" (index: #16). I: main.c: Daemon terminated. I believe the relevant part is this: E: module.c: Failed to open module "module-combine-sink": file not found E: main.c: Module load failed. E: main.c: Failed to initialize daemon. I tried uninstalling and reinstalling pulseaudio, I tried to find a way to install module-combine-sink. Nothing worked. I'm on a Debian Squeeze 32-bit machine. What can I do to fix this?

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• What is the difference between Anycast and GeoDNS / GeoIP wrt HA?

  - by Riyad

  Based on the Wikipedia description of Anycast, it includes both the distribution of a domain-name-to-many-IP-mapping across many DNS servers as well as replying to clients with the most geographically close (or fastest) server. In the context of a globally distributed, highly available site like google.com (or any CDN service with many global edge locations) this sounds like the two key features one would need. DNS services like Amazon's Route53, EasyDNS and DNSMadeEasy all advertise themselves as Anycast-enabled networks. Therefore my assumption is that each of these DNS services transparently offer me those two killer features: multi-IP-to-domain mapping AND routing clients to the closest node. However, each of these services seem to separate out these two functionalities, referring to the 2nd one (routing clients to closest node) as "GeoDNS", "GeoIP" or "Global Traffic Director" and charge extra for the service. If a core tenant of an Anycast-capable system is to already do this, why is this functionality being earmarked as this extra feature? What is this "GeoDNS" feature doing that a standard Anycast DNS service won't do (according to the definition of Anycast from Wikipedia -- I understand what is being advertised, just not why it isn't implied already). I get extra-confused when a DNS service like Route53 that doesn't support this nebulous "GeoDNS" feature lists functionality like: Fast – Using a global anycast network of DNS servers around the world, Route 53 is designed to automatically route your users to the optimal location depending on network conditions. As a result, the service offers low query latency for your end users, as well as low update latency for your DNS record management needs. ... which sounds exactly like what GeoDNS is intended to do, but geographically directing clients is something they explicitly don't support it yet. Ultimately I am looking for the two following features from a DNS provider: Map multiple IP addresses to a single domain name (like google.com, amazon.com, etc. does) Utilize a DNS service that will respond to client requests for that domain with the IP address of the nearest server to the requestee. As mentioned, it seems like this is all part of an "Anycast" DNS service (all of which these services are), but the features and marketing I see from them suggest otherwise, making me think I need to learn a bit more about how DNS works before making a deployment choice. Thanks in advance for any clarifications.

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• Communication software wanted: email, sms, IM, phone calls [closed]

  - by user63835

  I am searching for a software solution that integrates / unifies my communication. I use email, instant messaging, SMS and phone. I would like to get all emails, SMS, instant messaging dialogs and meta-data about phone calls into one application. Important is that I can access all past communication with one application. There should be a global address-book to map the communication data to persons or organizations. I want all the communication data in one place to access and backup it easily. The software solution is not required to be multi-user application or server application. It is just for one user (me) only, but server or multi-user applications are not excluded. I may run it on a server hardware. It should run on Linux (Lubuntu / Ubuntu prefered). Free and OpenSource software is prefered. It would be nice if I could perform new communication (like writing a new email, sms, etc.) with one application, but that is not a must have requirement. I could also work with different applications dedicated for different types of communication like IM-application for IM and email-application for email, if all that communication data from the specialized applications will be delivered to one single place where I can access and backup it. I have an android phone and currently I am using Google contacts as the address-book. In the long term this may change, to get back the control over my data. I did some Internet search but did not find a nice solution, yet. If I am looking for unified messaging and unified communication, am I on the right track? The current Thunderbird version has IM functionality integrated. Did not try it, yet. For SMS it may be possible to use an app to send every SMS (incoming and outgoing) as an email, but I am not sure if those SMS-emails can be mapped to an address-book contact. I don't remember exactly, but isn't there a Google android app (I think Google voice) integrating SMS into google services? But in Germany this function has not been released, yet. Maybe a groupware solution would solve the requirements, but I don't have much experience with it. As communication possibilites are groing, I am woundering that there seems to be such a big gap of solutions. I can't believe I am the only one who would like solution, better integrating all the communication channels more easily. If you know a software solution that solves these requirements (partly) I would be glad if you tell me about it. Thanks in advance.

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• Rails 3 shows 404 error instead of index.html (nginx + unicorn)

  - by Miko

  I have an index.html in public/ that should be loading by default but instead I get a 404 error when I try to access http://example.com/ The page you were looking for doesn't exist. You may have mistyped the address or the page may have moved. This has something to do with nginx and unicorn which I am using to power Rails 3 When take unicorn out of the nginx configuration file, the problem goes away and index.html loads just fine. Here is my nginx configuration file: upstream unicorn { server unix:/tmp/.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { server_name example.com; root /www/example.com/current/public; index index.html; keepalive_timeout 5; location / { try_files $uri @unicorn; } location @unicorn { proxy_pass http://unicorn; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_redirect off; } } My config/routes.rb is pretty much empty: Advertise::Application.routes.draw do |map| resources :users end The index.html file is located in public/index.html and it loads fine if I request it directly: http://example.com/index.html To reiterate, when I remove all references to unicorn from the nginx conf, index.html loads without any problems, I have a hard time understanding why this occurs because nginx should be trying to load that file on its own by default. -- Here is the error stack from production.log: Started GET "/" for 68.107.80.21 at 2010-08-08 12:06:29 -0700 Processing by HomeController#index as HTML Completed in 1ms ActionView::MissingTemplate (Missing template home/index with {:handlers=>[:erb, :rjs, :builder, :rhtml, :rxml, :haml], :formats=>[:html], :locale=>[:en, :en]} in view paths "/www/example.com/releases/20100808170224/app/views", "/www/example.com/releases/20100808170224/vendor/plugins/paperclip/app/views", "/www/example.com/releases/20100808170224/vendor/plugins/haml/app/views"): /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/paths.rb:14:in `find' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/lookup_context.rb:79:in `find' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/base.rb:186:in `find_template' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb:45:in `_determine_template' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb:23:in `render' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/haml-3.0.15/lib/haml/helpers/action_view_mods.rb:13:in `render_with_haml' etc... -- nginx error log for this virtualhost comes up empty: 2010/08/08 12:40:22 [info] 3118#0: *1 client 68.107.80.21 closed keepalive connection My guess is unicorn is intercepting the request to index.html before nginx gets to process it.

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• Sendmail relay authentication

  - by Pawel Veselov

  I'm trying to set up my sendmail to authenticate against a relay (comcast). I'm not seeing any attempts to authenticate at all. I'm trying to just debug how authentication works, and can't connect all the pieces... I have, in my .mc file: define(`RELAY_MAILER_ARGS', `TCP $h 587')dnl define(`SMART_HOST', `relay:smtp.comcast.net.')dnl define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `PLAIN')dnl FEATURE(`authinfo',`hash /etc/mail/client-info')dnl And in my /etc/mail/client-info: AuthInfo:*.comcast.net "U:root" "I:comcast_user" "P:comcast_password" Now, I know everything is fine with the u/p, as I could authenticate directly through SMTP, using telnet. There are two things I don't understand. When AuthInfo records are searched for, they are matched by the target hostname. How? Does it it use the map key (something I would expect), or uses the so-called "Domain" ("R:" parameter that I don't set in my auth-info line) What is "U:", really? Sendmail README (http://www.sendmail.org/m4/smtp_auth.html) says it's "user(authoraztion id)", and "I:" is "authentication ID". That suggests that my username should be in "U:", actually, but http://www.sendmail.org/~ca/email/auth.html says that "I:" is your remote user name. The session looks like this: [root@manticore]/etc/mail# sendmail -qf -v Warning: Option: AuthMechanisms requires SASL support (-DSASL) Running /var/spool/mqueue/p97CgcWq023273 (sequence 1 of 399) [email protected]... Connecting to smtp.comcast.net. port 587 via relay... 220 omta19.westchester.pa.mail.comcast.net comcast ESMTP server ready >>> EHLO my.host.name 250-omta19.westchester.pa.mail.comcast.net hello [my.ip.add.res], pleased to meet you 250-HELP 250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN 250-SIZE 15728640 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250-STARTTLS 250 OK >>> STARTTLS 220 2.0.0 Ready to start TLS >>> EHLO my.host.name 250-omta19.westchester.pa.mail.comcast.net hello [my.ip.add.res], pleased to meet you 250-HELP 250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN 250-SIZE 15728640 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 OK >>> MAIL From:<> SIZE=2183 550 5.1.0 Authentication required MAILER-DAEMON... aliased to postmaster postmaster... aliased to root root... aliased to [email protected] postmaster... aliased to root root... aliased to [email protected] >>> RSET 250 2.0.0 OK [root@manticore]/etc/mail# sendmail -d0.1 Version 8.14.3 Compiled with: DNSMAP LOG MAP_REGEX MATCHGECOS MILTER MIME7TO8 MIME8TO7 NAMED_BIND NETINET NETINET6 NETUNIX NEWDB NIS PIPELINING SCANF SOCKETMAP STARTTLS TCPWRAPPERS USERDB XDEBUG Thanks, Pawel.

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• Getting Classic ASP to work in .js files under IIS 7

  - by Abdullah Ahmed

  I am moving a clients classic asp webapp to a new IIS7 based server. The site contains some .js files which have javascript but also classic asp in <% % tags which contains a bunch of conditional statements designed to spit out pieces of javascript based on session state variables. Here's a brief example of what the file could be like.... var arrHOFFSET = -1; var arrLeft ="<"; var arrRight = ">"; <% If ((Session("dashInv") = "True") And ((Session("systemLevelStaff") = "4") Or (Session("systemLevelCompany") = "4"))) Then %> addMainItem("/MgmtTools/WelcomeInventory.asp?wherefrom=salesMan","",81,"center","","",0,0,"","","","",""); <% Else %> <% If (Session("dashInv") = "False") And ((Session("systemLevelStaff") = "4") Or (Session("systemLevelCompany") = "4")) Then %> <% Else %> addMainItem("/calendar/welcome.asp","",81,"center","","",0,0,"","","","",""); <% End If %> <% End If %> defineSubmenuProperties(135,"center","center",-3,0,"","","","","","",""); Currently this file (named custom.js for example) will start throwing js errors, because the server doesnt seem to recognize the asp code in it and therefore does not parse it. I know I need to somehow specify that a .js file should also be treated like an .asp file and run through parsing it. However I am not sure how to go about doing this. Here is what I've tried so far... Under the Server node in IIS under HANDLER MAPPINGS I created a new Script Map with the following settings. Request Path: *.js Executable: C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv\asp.dll Name: ASPClassicInJSFiles Mapping: Invoke Handler only if request is mapped to : File Verbs: All verbs Access: Script I also created a similar handler under the site node itself. Under MIME Types .js is defined as application/x-javascript None of these work. If I simply rename the file to have .asp extension then things work, however this app is poorly coded and has literally 100's of files with the .js files included in them under various names and locations, so rename, search and replace is the last option I have.

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• Apache Simple Configuration Issue: Setting up per-user directory permission denied problem

  - by Huckphin

  Hello. I am just getting Apache 2.2 running on Fedora 13 Beta 64-bit. I am running into issues setting my per-user directory. The goal is to make localhost/~user map to /home/~user/public_html. I think that I have the permissions right because I have 755 to /home/~user, and I have 755 to /home/~user/public_html/ and I have 777 for all contents inside of /home/~user/public_html/ recursively set. My mod_userdir configuration looks like this: <IfModule mod_userdir.c> # # UserDir is disabled by default since it can confirm the presence # of a username on the system (depending on home directory # permissions). # UserDir disabled root UserDir enabled huckphin # # To enable requests to /~user/ to serve the user's public_html # directory, remove the "UserDir disabled" line above, and uncomment # the following line instead: # UserDir public_html The error that I am seeing in the error log is this: [Sat May 15 09:54:29 2010] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to /~huckphin/index.html denied When I login as the apache user, I know that /~huckphin does not exist, and this is not what I want. I want it to be accessing ~huckphin, not /~huckphin. What do I need to change on my configuration for this to work? [Added after comments] Hi Andol, thank you for your suggestions. So, first off, you said that you assume that I have the userdir module enabled, but I am not sure what that means exactly. That could be part of the problem. I do have the Module loaded, using the LoadModule directive. I have this: LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so I also did a find on where mod_userdir is, and I found it located here: [huckphin@crhyner-workbox]/% find / . -name '*mod_userdir.so*' 2> /dev/null /usr/lib64/lighttpd/mod_userdir.so /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/mod_userdir.so Is there something else I need to enable? Also, my directory configuration was mentioned. I have uncommented the default configuration given. I have not looked into what all of the configurations mean, and this could probably explain the issue. Here is the Directory that I have for the user directories: <Directory "/home/*/public_html"> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> </Directory>

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• FFmpeg audio dont work in converted videos

  - by Juddy Swaft

  NOTICE: when i convert videos via terminal and download them from ftp into pc the audio works fine. I use: if($ext == "avi" && $convert_avi == true) { $convert_source = _VIDEOS_DIR_PATH.$new_name; $conv_name = substr(md5($file['name'].rand(1,888)), 2, 10).".mp4"; $converted_file = _VIDEOS_DIR_PATH.$conv_name; $ffmpeg_command = 'ffmpeg -i '.$convert_source.' -acodec libmp3lame -vcodec libx264 -s 1280x720 -ar 44100 -async 44100 -r 29.970 -ac 2 -qscale 5 '.$converted_file; echo exec($ffmpeg_command); $sql = "UPDATE pm_temp SET url = '".$conv_name."' WHERE url = '".$new_name."' LIMIT 1"; $result = @mysql_query($sql); unlink($convert_source); } This code to convert avi to mp4 ffmpeg concole output: root@1tb:~# ffmpeg -i sample.avi -acodec libmp3lame -vcodec libx264 -s 1280x720 -ar 44100 -async 44100 -r 29.970 -ac 2 -qscale 5 goodsample.mp4 ffmpeg version 0.7.15, Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers built on Feb 22 2013 07:18:58 with gcc 4.4.5 configuration: --enable-libdc1394 --prefix=/usr --extra-cflags='-Wall -g ' --cc='ccache cc' --enable-shared --enable-libmp3lame --enable-gpl --enable-libvorbis --enable-pthreads --enable-libfaac --enable-libxvid --enable-postproc --enable-x11grab --enable-libgsm --enable-libtheora --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libx264 --enable-libspeex --enable-nonfree --disable-stripping --enable-avfilter --enable-libdirac --disable-decoder=libdirac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libschroedinger --disable-encoder=libschroedinger - s libavutil 50. 43. 0 / 50. 43. 0 libavcodec 52.123. 0 / 52.123. 0 libavformat 52.111. 0 / 52.111. 0 libavdevice 52. 5. 0 / 52. 5. 0 libavfilter 1. 80. 0 / 1. 80. 0 libswscale 0. 14. 1 / 0. 14. 1 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 [mp3 @ 0x191d4100] Header missing [mpeg4 @ 0x191d1dc0] Invalid and inefficient vfw-avi packed B frames detected Input #0, avi, from 'sample.avi': Metadata: encoder : VirtualDubMod 1.5.10.2 (build 2540/release) Duration: 00:01:01.81, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1194 kb/s Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 640x352 [PAR 1:1 DAR 20:11], 23.98 tbr, Stream #0.1: Audio: mp3, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 128 kb/s [buffer @ 0x191d1c80] w:640 h:352 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:1/1 sws_param: [scale @ 0x191d6880] w:640 h:352 fmt:yuv420p -> w:1280 h:720 fmt:yuv420p flags:0 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] Default settings detected, using medium profile [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] using SAR=45/44 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 FastShuffle S [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] profile High, level 3.1 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] 264 - core 118 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2 6 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_off 1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_l Output #0, mp4, to 'goodsample.mp4': Metadata: encoder : Lavf52.111.0 Stream #0.0: Video: libx264, yuv420p, 1280x720 [PAR 45:44 DAR 20:11], q=2-31 Stream #0.1: Audio: libmp3lame, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16, 64 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Press [q] to stop, [?] for help [mp3 @ 0x191d4100] Header missing Error while decoding stream #0.1 [mpeg4 @ 0x191d1dc0] Invalid and inefficient vfw-avi packed B frames detected [mp3 @ 0x191d4100] incomplete frame 9467kB time=00:01:00.32 bitrate=1285.5kbits/ Error while decoding stream #0.1 frame= 1852 fps= 20 q=29.0 Lsize= 9652kB time=00:01:01.72 bitrate=1280.9kbits video:9121kB audio:483kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.499688% frame I:11 Avg QP:16.78 size: 51456 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] frame P:784 Avg QP:20.81 size: 8954 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] frame B:1057 Avg QP:26.06 size: 1659 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] consecutive B-frames: 22.0% 3.1% 7.5% 67.4% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] mb I I16..4: 31.1% 59.8% 9.1% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] mb P I16..4: 1.8% 2.6% 0.2% P16..4: 24.3% 7.0% 4.0 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] mb B I16..4: 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% B16..8: 22.7% 0.8% 0.2 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] 8x8 transform intra:57.0% inter:72.6% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 44.4% 33.3% 10.3% inter: 7.6% 5. [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i16 v,h,dc,p: 68% 14% 8% 10% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 21% 14% 27% 5% 7% 7% 6 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 28% 14% 14% 6% 10% 9% 7 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i8c dc,h,v,p: 67% 13% 17% 3% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] Weighted P-Frames: Y:1.9% UV:0.4% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] ref P L0: 62.2% 12.8% 10.3% 14.5% 0.2% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] ref B L0: 88.1% 5.5% 6.4% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] ref B L1: 95.7% 4.3% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] kb/s:1209.03 I know there is couple errors tough, but i dont know hot to fix it. Also i would be very thankfull if someone can help reduce video size but is not main problem video weights as original avi but sill.

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• Optimizing MySQL for small VPS

  - by Chris M

  I'm trying to optimize my MySQL config for a verrry small VPS. The VPS is also running NGINX/PHP-FPM and Magento; all with a limit of 250MB of RAM. This is an output of MySQL Tuner... -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.41-3ubuntu12.8 [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: -Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 1M (Tables: 14) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 29M (Tables: 301) [--] Data in MEMORY tables: 1M (Tables: 17) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 301 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- [OK] All database users have passwords assigned -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 2d 11h 14m 58s (1M q [8.038 qps], 33K conn, TX: 2B, RX: 618M) [--] Reads / Writes: 83% / 17% [--] Total buffers: 122.0M global + 8.6M per thread (100 max threads) [!!] Maximum possible memory usage: 978.2M (404% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (37/1M) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 6% (6/100) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 32.0M/282.0K [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 99.7% (358K cached / 1K reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 83.4% (1M cached / 1M selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 48301 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 144K sorts) [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 13% (27K on disk / 203K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (6 created / 33K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 0% (32 open / 51K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 1% (20/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (1M immediate / 1M locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 29.2M/8.0M -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Reduce your overall MySQL memory footprint for system stability Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: *** MySQL's maximum memory usage is dangerously high *** *** Add RAM before increasing MySQL buffer variables *** query_cache_size (> 64M) table_cache (> 32) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 29M) and this is the config. # # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # You can copy this to one of: # - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options, # - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options. # # One can use all long options that the program supports. # Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with # --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html # This will be passed to all mysql clients # It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes # escpecially if they contain "#" chars... # Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location. [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Here is entries for some specific programs # The following values assume you have at least 32M ram # This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed. [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # # # * IMPORTANT # If you make changes to these settings and your system uses apparmor, you may # also need to also adjust /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld. # user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer = 32M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 sort_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 100 table_cache = 32 tmp_table_size = 128M #thread_concurrency = 10 # # * Query Cache Configuration # #query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 64M # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime! #general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log #general_log = 1 log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # Here you can see queries with especially long duration #log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log #long_query_time = 2 #log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M #binlog_do_db = include_database_name #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored. # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ The site contains 1 wordpress site,so lots of MYISAM but mostly static content as its not changing all that often (A wordpress cache plugin deals with this). And the Magento Site which consists of a lot of InnoDB tables, some MyISAM and some INMEMORY. The "read" side seems to be running pretty well with a mass of optimizations I've used on Magento, the NGINX setup and PHP-FPM + XCACHE. I'd love to have a kick in the right direction with the MySQL config so I'm not blindly altering it based on the MySQLTuner without understanding what I'm changing. Thanks

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• Server Memory with Magento

  - by Mohamed Elgharabawy

  I have a cloud server with the following specifications: 2vCPUs 4G RAM 160GB Disk Space Network 400Mb/s System Image: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I am only running Magento CE 1.7.0.2 on this server. Nothing else. Usually, the server has a loading time of 4-5 seconds. Recently, this has dropped to over 30 seconds and sometimes the server just goes away and I get HTTP error reports to my email stating that HTTP requests took more than 20000ms. Running top command and sorting them returns the following: top - 15:29:07 up 3:40, 1 user, load average: 28.59, 25.95, 22.91 Tasks: 112 total, 30 running, 82 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 90.2%us, 9.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.3%si, 0.2%st PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 31901 www-data 20 0 360m 71m 5840 R 7 1.8 1:39.51 apache2 32084 www-data 20 0 362m 72m 5548 R 7 1.8 1:31.56 apache2 32089 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5660 R 7 1.5 1:41.74 apache2 32295 www-data 20 0 343m 54m 5532 R 7 1.4 2:00.78 apache2 32303 www-data 20 0 354m 65m 5260 R 7 1.6 1:38.76 apache2 32304 www-data 20 0 346m 56m 5544 R 7 1.4 1:41.26 apache2 32305 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5640 R 7 1.5 1:50.11 apache2 32291 www-data 20 0 358m 69m 5256 R 6 1.7 1:44.26 apache2 32517 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5532 R 6 1.4 1:45.56 apache2 30473 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5680 R 6 1.7 2:00.05 apache2 32093 www-data 20 0 352m 63m 5848 R 6 1.6 1:53.23 apache2 32302 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5512 R 6 1.4 1:55.87 apache2 32433 www-data 20 0 346m 57m 5500 S 6 1.4 1:31.58 apache2 32638 www-data 20 0 354m 65m 5508 R 6 1.6 1:36.59 apache2 32230 www-data 20 0 347m 57m 5524 R 6 1.4 1:33.96 apache2 32231 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5512 R 6 1.7 1:37.47 apache2 32233 www-data 20 0 354m 64m 6032 R 6 1.6 1:59.74 apache2 32300 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5672 R 6 1.7 1:43.76 apache2 32510 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5512 R 6 1.5 1:42.54 apache2 32521 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5508 R 6 1.5 1:47.99 apache2 32639 www-data 20 0 344m 55m 5512 R 6 1.4 1:34.25 apache2 32083 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5696 R 5 1.4 1:59.42 apache2 32085 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5692 R 5 1.5 1:42.29 apache2 32293 www-data 20 0 353m 64m 5676 R 5 1.6 1:52.73 apache2 32301 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5564 R 5 1.5 1:49.63 apache2 32528 www-data 20 0 351m 62m 5520 R 5 1.6 1:36.11 apache2 31523 mysql 20 0 3460m 576m 8288 S 5 14.4 2:06.91 mysqld 32002 www-data 20 0 345m 55m 5512 R 5 1.4 2:01.88 apache2 32080 www-data 20 0 357m 68m 5512 S 5 1.7 1:31.30 apache2 32163 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5512 S 5 1.5 1:58.68 apache2 32509 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5504 R 5 1.4 1:49.54 apache2 32306 www-data 20 0 358m 68m 5504 S 4 1.7 1:53.29 apache2 32165 www-data 20 0 344m 55m 5524 S 4 1.4 1:40.71 apache2 32640 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5528 R 4 1.4 1:36.49 apache2 31888 www-data 20 0 359m 70m 5664 R 4 1.8 1:57.07 apache2 32511 www-data 20 0 357m 67m 5512 S 3 1.7 1:47.00 apache2 32054 www-data 20 0 357m 68m 5660 S 2 1.7 1:53.10 apache2 1 root 20 0 24452 2276 1232 S 0 0.1 0:01.58 init Moreover, running free -m returns the following: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4003 3919 83 0 118 901 -/+ buffers/cache: 2899 1103 Swap: 0 0 0 To investigate this further, I have installed apache buddy, it recommeneded that I need to reduce the maxclient connections. Which I did. I also installed MysqlTuner and it suggests that I need to set my innodb_buffer_pool_size to = 3.0G. However, I cannot do that, since the whole memory is 4G. Here is the output from apache buddy: ### GENERAL REPORT ### Settings considered for this report: Your server's physical RAM: 4003MB Apache's MaxClients directive: 40 Apache MPM Model: prefork Largest Apache process (by memory): 73.77MB [ OK ] Your MaxClients setting is within an acceptable range. Max potential memory usage: 2950.8 MB Percentage of RAM allocated to Apache 73.72 % And this is the output of MySQLTuner: -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 47m 22s (675K q [237.552 qps], 12K conn, TX: 1B, RX: 300M) [--] Reads / Writes: 45% / 55% [--] Total buffers: 2.1G global + 2.7M per thread (151 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 2.5G (64% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (0/675K) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 26% (40/151) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 36.0M/18.7M [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (245K cached / 105 reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 92.5% (500K cached / 541K selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 302886 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (1 temp sorts / 15K sorts) [!!] Joins performed without indexes: 12135 [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 25% (8K on disk / 32K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 90% (1K created / 12K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 17% (400 open / 2K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 12% (123/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 100% (196K immediate / 196K locks) [!!] InnoDB buffer pool / data size: 2.0G/3.5G [OK] InnoDB log waits: 0 -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance MySQL started within last 24 hours - recommendations may be inaccurate Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Read this before increasing table_cache over 64: http://bit.ly/1mi7c4C Variables to adjust: query_cache_size ( 64M) join_buffer_size ( 128.0K, or always use indexes with joins) table_cache ( 400) innodb_buffer_pool_size (= 3G) Last but not least, the server still has more than 60% of free disk space. Now, based on the above, I have few questions: Are these numbers normal? Do they make sense? Do I need to upgrade the server? If I don't need to upgrade and my configuration is not correct, how do I optimize it?

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• nginx - Redirect specific page paths to https while keeping everything else on http (in a single server call)?

  - by Kris Anderson

  From what I've gathered so far it's clear that running if statements in nginx should be avoided at all costs. Most of the examples I've found so far regarding specific page redirects involve multiple servers being used. But, isn't that a bit wasteful? I'm not sure, but I would think multiple servers to accomplish this would be somewhat slower then a single server when under heavy load. My current server call is this: server { listen 10.0.0.60:80; listen 10.0.0.60:443 default ssl; #other code } What I want to do is redirect certain http requests to https requests. For example, I want /login/ and /my-account/ to always be forced to use SSL. If you're on /help/ though, I want that served over the default http. Is there a way to accomplish this within a single server call? Or is there no downside to using 2 server calls to get this working? nginx seems to be under pretty active development and a lot of the older guides I've followed were from times when you couldn't listen to requests for port 80 and 443 within the same server call. But now that nginx has been updated to support that (I'm running 1.2.4), I'm wondering if there's a "best practice" way of handling this today. Any help would be greatly appreciated. EDIT: I did find this guide: http://redant.com.au/blog/manage-ssl-redirection-in-nginx-using-maps-and-save-the-universe/ and I updated my code as follows: map $uri $my_preferred_proto { default "http"; ~^/#/user/login "https"; } server { listen 10.0.0.60:80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen 10.0.0.60:443 default ssl; if ($my_preferred_proto = "none") { set $my_preferred_proto $scheme; } if ($my_preferred_proto != $scheme) { return 301 $my_preferred_proto://mysite.com$request_uri; } It's not working though. When I change the default to https everything is redirected to SSL so it does somewhat work. But the redirect of /#/user/login is not redirecting to HTTPS. Any ideas? Also, is this a good way to go about this?

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• Cannot browse network shares in Windows Explorer, but paths are still accessible

  - by Jeff Lockhart

  Windows Explorer has somehow corrupted itself and I'm not sure how to fix this problem. My Windows installation has been in use for a few years with network shares setup and working. Recently, I noticed that a program that I use to save network share paths to a database was no longer opening the explorer window to browse the path. It usually opens to the last path saved, but now it was just not opening at all. When I go to Windows Explorer to browse the network share directly, I get the error \\SERVER is not accessible. You might not have permission to use this network resource. Contact the administrator of this server to find out if you have access permissions. The specified network provider name is invalid. The network shares are just shares on the server itself (once saved to the database, they're used on the server as well as clients to reach files). The strange thing is, the files are still accessible from the program that uses them if I type the network share path in manually. So it is only a problem with Windows Explorer browsing the path. The reason I think there is some sort of configuration or setting, possibly in the registry, corrupted is that when the problem first manifest itself, I was somehow able to open an explorer window to a network share path, but the breadcrumb in the address bar did not function properly. It duplicated the share name folder at the top of the breadcrumb stack and when I clicked the second of the duplicated share folder, it crashed explorer.exe. I haven't been able to browse any network share path since this happened. I have tried using the IP address directly \\192.168.1.# as well as \\localhost and neither of those work either. I have tried running sfc /scannow and it did not find any errors. I tried ipconfig /flushdns and this made no difference. Attempting to map the network share to a drive fails using either the explorer GUI or net use command. Is there some way to reset Windows Explorer somehow to resolve this? I'd really like to avoid reinstalling Windows entirely if I can.

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• umount bind of stale NFS

  - by Paul Eisner

  i've got a problem removing mounts created with mount -o bind from a locally mounted NFS folder. Assume the following mount structure: NFS mounted directory: $ mount -o rw,soft,tcp,intr,timeo=10,retrans=2,retry=1 \ 10.20.0.1:/srv/source /srv/nfs-source Bound directory: $ mount -o bind /srv/nfs-source/sub1 /srv/bind-target/sub1 Which results in this mount map $ mount /dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) # ... 10.20.0.1:/srv/source on /srv/nfs-source type nfs (rw,soft,tcp,intr,timeo=10,retrans=2,retry=1,addr=10.20.0.100) /srv/nfs-source/sub1 on /srv/bind-target/sub1 type none (rw,bind) If the server (10.20.0.1) goes down (eg ifdown eth0), the handles become stale, which is expected. I can now un-mount the NFS mount with force $ umount -f /srv/nfs-source This takes some seconds, but works without any problems. However, i cannot un-mount the bound directory in /srv/bind-target/sub1. The forced umount results in: $ umount -f /srv/bind-target/sub1 umount2: Stale NFS file handle umount: /srv/bind-target/sub1: Stale NFS file handle umount2: Stale NFS file handle Here is a trace http://pastebin.com/ipvvrVmB I've tried umounting the sub-directories beforehand, find any processes accessing anything within the NFS or bind mounts (there are none). lsof also complains: $ lsof -n lsof: WARNING: can't stat() nfs file system /srv/nfs-source Output information may be incomplete. lsof: WARNING: can't stat() nfs file system /srv/bind-target/sub1 (deleted) Output information may be incomplete. lsof: WARNING: can't stat() nfs file system /srv/bind-target/ Output information may be incomplete. I've tried with recent stable Linux kernels 3.2.17, 3.2.19 and 3.3.8 (cannot use 3.4.x, cause need the grsecurity patch, which is not, yet, supported - grsecurity is not patched in in the tests above!). My nfs-utils are version 1.2.2 (debian stable). Does anybody have an idea how i can either: force the un-mount some other way? (any dirty trick is welcome, data loss or damage neglible at this point) use something else instead of mount -o bind? (cannot use soft links, cause mounted directories will be used in chroot; bindfs via FUSE is far to slow to be an option) Thanks, Paul Update 1 With 2.6.32.59 the umount of the (stale) sub-mounts work just fine. It seems to be a kernel regression bug. The above tests where with NFSv3. Additional tests with NFSv4 showed no change. Update 2 We have tested now multiple 2.6 and 3.x kernels and are now sure, that this was introduced in 3.0.x. We will fille a bug report, hopefully they figure it out.

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• Cross-platform distributed fault-tolerant (disconnected operation/local cache) filesystem

  - by Adrian Frühwirth

  We are facing a design "challenge" where we are required to set up a storage solution with the following properties: What we need HA a scalable storage backend offline/disconnected operation on the client to account for network outages cross-platform access client-side access from certainly Windows (probably XP upwards), possibly Linux backend integrates with AD/LDAP (permission management (user/group management, ...)) should work reasonably well over slow WAN-links Another problem is that we don't really know all possible use cases here, if people need to be able to have concurrent access to shared files or if they will only be accessing their own files, so a possible solution needs to account for concurrent access and how conflict management would look in this case from a user's point of view. This two years old blog posts sums up the impression that I have been getting during the last couple of days of research, that there are lots of current übercool projects implementing (non-Windows) clustered petabyte-capable blob-storage solutions but that there is none that supports disconnected operation nicely and natively, but I am hoping that we have missed an obvious solution. What we have tried OpenAFS We figured that we want a distributed network filesystem with a local cache and tested OpenAFS (which, as the only currently "stable" DFS supporting disconnected operation, seemed the way to go) for a week but there are several problems with it: it's a real pain to set up there are no official RHEL/CentOS packages the package of the current stable version 1.6.5.1 from elrepo randomly kernel panics on fresh installs, this is an absolute no-go Windows support (including the required Kerberos packages) is mystical. The current client for the 1.6 branch does not run on Windows 8, the current client for the 1.7 does but it just randomly crashes. After that experience we didn't even bother testing on XP and Windows 7. Suffice to say, we couldn't get it working and the whole setup has been so unstable and complicated to setup that it's just not an option for production. Samba + Unison Since OpenAFS was a complete disaster and no other DFS seems to support disconnected operation we went for a simpler idea that would sync files against a Samba server using Unison. This has the following advantages: Samba integrates with ADs; it's a pain but can be done. Samba solves the problem of remotely accessing the storage from Windows but introduces another SPOF and does not address the actual storage problem. We could probably stick any clustered FS underneath Samba, but that means we need a HA Samba setup on top of that to maintain HA which probably adds a lot of additional complexity. I vaguely remember trying to implement redundancy with Samba before and I could not silently failover between servers. Even when online, you are working with local files which will result in more conflicts than would be necessary if a local cache were only touched when disconnected It's not automatic. We cannot expect users to manually sync their files using the (functional, but not-so-pretty) GTK GUI on a regular basis. I attempted to semi-automate the process using the Windows task scheduler, but you cannot really do it in a satisfactory way. On top of that, the way Unison works makes syncing against Samba a costly operation, so I am afraid that it just doesn't scale very well or even at all. Samba + "Offline Files" After that we became a little desparate and gave Windows "offline files" a chance. We figured that having something that is inbuilt into the OS would reduce administrative efforts, helps blaming someone else when it's not working properly and should just work since people have been using this for years. Right? Wrong. We really wanted it to work, but it just doesn't. 30 minutes of copying files around and unplugging network cables/disabling network interfaces left us with (silent! there is only a tiny notification in Windows explorer in the statusbar, which doesn't even open Sync Center if you click on it!) undeletable files on the server (!) and conflicts that should not even be conflicts. In the end, we had one successful sync of a tiny text file, everything else just exploded horribly. Beyond that, there are other problems: Microsoft admits that "offline files" in Windows XP cannot cope with "large files" and therefore does not cache/sync them at all which would mean those files become unavailable if the connection drop In Windows 7 the feature is only available in the Professional/Ultimate/Enterprise editions. Summary Unless there is another fault-tolerant DFS that supports Windows natively I assume that stacking a HA Samba cluster on top of something like GlusterFS/Lustre/whatnot is the only option, but I hope that I am wrong here. How do other companies allow fault-tolerant network access to redundant storage in a heterogeneous environment with Windows?

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• Rails 3 shows 404 error instead of index.html (nginx + unicorn)

  - by Miko

  I have an index.html in public/ that should be loading by default but instead I get a 404 error when I try to access http://example.com/ The page you were looking for doesn't exist. You may have mistyped the address or the page may have moved. This has something to do with nginx and unicorn which I am using to power Rails 3 When take unicorn out of the nginx configuration file, the problem goes away and index.html loads just fine. Here is my nginx configuration file: upstream unicorn { server unix:/tmp/.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { server_name example.com; root /www/example.com/current/public; index index.html; keepalive_timeout 5; location / { try_files $uri @unicorn; } location @unicorn { proxy_pass http://unicorn; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_redirect off; } } My config/routes.rb is pretty much empty: Advertise::Application.routes.draw do |map| resources :users end The index.html file is located in public/index.html and it loads fine if I request it directly: http://example.com/index.html To reiterate, when I remove all references to unicorn from the nginx conf, index.html loads without any problems, I have a hard time understanding why this occurs because nginx should be trying to load that file on its own by default. -- Here is the error stack from production.log: Started GET "/" for 68.107.80.21 at 2010-08-08 12:06:29 -0700 Processing by HomeController#index as HTML Completed in 1ms ActionView::MissingTemplate (Missing template home/index with {:handlers=>[:erb, :rjs, :builder, :rhtml, :rxml, :haml], :formats=>[:html], :locale=>[:en, :en]} in view paths "/www/example.com/releases/20100808170224/app/views", "/www/example.com/releases/20100808170224/vendor/plugins/paperclip/app/views", "/www/example.com/releases/20100808170224/vendor/plugins/haml/app/views"): /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/paths.rb:14:in `find' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/lookup_context.rb:79:in `find' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/base.rb:186:in `find_template' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb:45:in `_determine_template' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/actionpack-3.0.0.beta4/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb:23:in `render' /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/haml-3.0.15/lib/haml/helpers/action_view_mods.rb:13:in `render_with_haml' etc... -- nginx error log for this virtualhost comes up empty: 2010/08/08 12:40:22 [info] 3118#0: *1 client 68.107.80.21 closed keepalive connection My guess is unicorn is intercepting the request to index.html before nginx gets to process it.

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• xen-create-image does not create inird or initramfs image and domU does not starts with system image

  - by user219372

  I have Fedora 19 as Dom0. To create image I run # xen-create-image --hostname=debian-wheezy --memory=512Mb --dhcp --size=20Gb --swap=512Mb --dir=/xen --arch=amd64 --dist=wheezy After generation finished I start vm and see: # xl create /etc/xen/debian-wheezy.cfg Parsing config from /etc/xen/debian-wheezy.cfg libxl: error: libxl_dom.c:409:libxl__build_pv: xc_dom_ramdisk_file failed: No such file or directory libxl: error: libxl_create.c:919:domcreate_rebuild_done: cannot (re-)build domain: -3 In the /etc/xen/debian-wheezy.cfg i have # # Kernel + memory size # kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64' ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64' and ls -1 /boot/*201* shows /boot/config-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64 /boot/initramfs-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64.img /boot/System.map-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64 Then if I fix ramdisk directive in .cfg file to /boot/initramfs-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64.img vm will start but os inside will not boot. In a tail of xl console I get [ OK ] Reached target Basic System. dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: Could not boot. dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/disk/by-uuid/085883ad-73ca-45cc-8bc5-e6249f869b26 does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/fedora/root does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/fedora/swap does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-root does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-swap does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/xvda2 does not exist Starting Dracut Emergency Shell... Warning: /dev/disk/by-uuid/085883ad-73ca-45cc-8bc5-e6249f869b26 does not exist Warning: /dev/fedora/root does not exist Warning: /dev/fedora/swap does not exist Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-root does not exist Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-swap does not exist Warning: /dev/xvda2 does not exist Generating "/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt" Entering emergency mode. Exit the shell to continue. Type "journalctl" to view system logs. You might want to save "/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt" to a USB stick or /boot after mounting them and attach it to a bug report. dracut:/# .img files in /xen/domains/debian-wheezy exists and listed in disk section of debian-wheezy.cfg So what should i do? Update: I've found that xl does not mount images. In debian-wheezy.cfg I have that: root = '/dev/xvda2 ro' disk = [ 'file:/xen/domains/debian-wheezy/disk.img,xvda2,w', 'file:/xen/domains/debian-wheeze/swap.img,xvda1,w', ] And there is no /dev/xvda* or /dev/sda* or /dev/hda* files in VM.

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• Why are my USB 2.0 devices hanging Windows XP?

  - by BenAlabaster

  Background on the machine I'm having a problem with: The machine was inherited and appears to be circa 2003 (there's a date stamp on the power supply which leads me to this conclusion). I've got it set up as a Skype terminal for my 2 year old to keep in touch with her grandparents and other members of the family - which everyone loves. It has a DFI CM33-TL/G ATX (identified using SiSoft Sandra) motherboard hosting an Intel Celeron 1.3GHz CPU, 768Mb PC133 SDRAM, a D-LINK WDA-2320 54G Wi-Fi network card and a generic USB 2.0 expansion board based on the NEC uPD720102 chipset containing 3 external and 1 internal USB sockets. It's also hosting a 1.44Mb floppy drive on FDD0, a new 80Gb Western Digital hard drive running as master on IDE0 and a Panasonic DVD+/-RW running as master on IDE1. All this is sitting in a slimline case running off a Macron Power MPT-135 135W Flex power supply. The motherboard is running a version of Award BIOS 05/24/2002-601T-686B-6A6LID4AC-00. Could this be updated? If so, from where? I've raked through the manufacturer's website but can't find any hint of downloads for either drivers or BIOS updates. The hard disk is freshly formatted and built with Windows XP Professional/Service Pack 3 and is up to date with all current patches. In addition to Windows XP, the only other software it's running is Skype 4.1 (4.2 hangs the whole machine as soon as it starts up, requiring a hard boot to recover). It's got a Daytek MV150 15" touch screen hooked up to the on board VGA and COM1 sockets with the most current drivers from the Daytek website and the most current version of ELO-Touchsystems drivers for the touch component. The webcam is a Logitech Webcam C200 with the latest drivers from the Logitech website. The problem: If I hook any devices to the USB 2.0 sockets, it hangs the whole machine and I have to hard boot it to get it back up. If I have any devices attached to the USB 2.0 sockets when I boot up, it hangs before Windows gets to the login prompt and I have to hard boot it to recover. Workarounds found: I can plug the same devices into the on board USB 1.0 sockets and everything works fine, albeit at reduced performance. I've tried 3 different kinds of USB thumb drives, 3 different makes/models of webcams and my iPhone all with the same effect. They're recognized and don't hang the machine when I hook them to the USB 1.0 but if I hook them to the USB 2.0 ports, the machine hangs within a couple of seconds of recognizing the devices were connected. Attempted solutions: I've seen suggestions that this could be a power problem - that the PSU just doesn't have the wattage to drive these ports. While I'm doubtful this is the problem [after all the motherboard has the same standard connector regardless of the PSU wattage], I tried disabling all the on board devices that I'm not using - on board LAN, the second COM port, the AGP connector etc. through the BIOS in what I'm sure is a futile attempt to reduce the power consumption... I also modified the ACPI and power management settings. It didn't have any noticeable affect, although it didn't do any harm either. Could the wattage of the PSU really cause this problem? If it can, is there anything I need to be aware of when replacing it or do I just need to make sure it's got a higher wattage than the current one? My interpretation was that the wattage only affected the number of drives you could hook up to the power connectors, is that right? I've installed the USB card in another machine and it works without issue, so it's not a problem with the USB card itself, and Windows says the card is installed and working correctly... right up until I connect a device to it. The only thing I haven't done which I only just thought of while writing this essay is trying the USB 2.0 card in a different PCI slot, or re-ordering the wi-fi and USB cards in the slots... although I'm not sure if this will make any difference - does anyone have any experience that would suggest this might work? Other thoughts/questions: Perhaps this is an incompatibility between the USB 2.0 card and the BIOS, would re-flashing the BIOS with a newer version help? Do I need to be able to identify the manufacturer of the motherboard in order to be able to find a BIOS edition specific for this motherboard or will any version of Award BIOS function in its place? Question: Does anyone have any ideas that could help me get my USB 2.0 devices hooked up to this machine?

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• Can't connect to shared folders anymore?

  - by HuskyHuskie

  My home server is running Windows Server 2008 R2. I've had it running for almost a year now without any issues with shared folders. This past week I had an issue with my modem which required it to be power cycled and with that I power cycled my router. After that I haven't been able to connect to my shared network folders. I have no idea why that would even cause an issue as I've power cycled my networking equipment in the past without issues and none of my settings appear to have been lost. I am mapping these drives on my Windows 7 Ultimate machine using "Map Network Drive", from there I enter \\SERVER\Storage as I'm trying to connect to my shared folder named Storage. I receive the following error every time I try mapping the drive: Windows cannot access \\Server\Storage Check the spelling of the name. Otherwise there might be a problem with your network. To try to identify and resolve network problems, click Diagnose. Details: Error code: 0x80070035 The network path was not found. When I click Diagnose I get the following: Problems found file and print sharing resource (SERVER) is online but isn't responding to connection attempts. The remote computer isn't responding to connection on port 445, possibly due to firewall or security policy settings, or because it might be temporarily unavailable. Windows couldn't find any problems with the firewall on your computer. I've tried this from multiple computers with the same issue too. To resolve the problems so far I've tried: Disabling the firewall on SERVER Reinstalling File Services Modifying NetBT\Parameters registry values Adding a custom inbound rule for port 445 Adding port forwarding on my router for port 445 Recreating the shared folders Checking and rechecking the shared folder permissions. Resetting my user account password on the server used to access the shared folder. I'm pulling my hair out with this problem mainly because it came out of nowhere. It was working fine the night before and the next day it just stopped working. Any ideas of what I could try next are much appreciated. It should also be noted that this server is used as a web server too and that functionality still works correctly.

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• Handling site not found and page not found with dynamic mass virtual hosting

  - by Rick Moynihan

  I have recently setup mass virtual hosting in Apache so that all we need to do is create a directory to create a new vhost. We're then also using wildcard DNS to map all subdomains to the server running our Apache instance. This works excellently, however I'm now having trouble configuring it to fail-over to an appropriate default/error-page when the vhost directory does not exist. The problem appears to be conflated between by my desire to handle the two error conditions: vhost not found i.e. there was no directory found matching the host supplied in the HTTP host header. I'd like this to display an appropriate site not found error page. The 404 page not found condition of the vhost. Additionally I have a specialised "api" vhost in its own vhost block. I've tried a number of variations and none seem to exhibit the behaviour I want. Here's what I'm working with right now: NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/site-not-found ServerName sitenotfound.mydomain.org ErrorDocument 500 /500.html ErrorDocument 404 /500.html </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName api.mydomain.org DocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/api.mydomain.org/current # other directives, e.g. setting up passenger/rails etc... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> # get the server name from the Host: header UseCanonicalName Off VirtualDocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/%0/current # other directives ... e.g proxy passing to api etc... ErrorDocument 404 /404.html </VirtualHost> My understanding is that the first vhost block is used as the default, so I have this here as my catch all site. Next I have my API vhost, and then finally my mass vhost block. So for a domain that doesn't match the first two ServerName's and has no corresponding directory in /var/www/vhosts/ I'd expect it to fall-over to the first vhost, however with this setup, all domains resolve to my default site-not-found. Why is this? By putting the mass-vhost block first, I can get the mass-vhosts to resolve properly, but not my site-not-found vhost... and in this case I can't seem to find a way to distinguish between a page-level 404 in the vhost, and the case where the VirtualDocumentRoot fails to find a vhost directory (this appears to use the 404 also). Any help out of this bind is much appreciated!

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