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• /proc/pid/environ missing variables

  - by Josh Arenberg

  google is giving no love on this one today, so I turn to the experts... I'm currently hacking together a script that relies on the /proc/pid/environ feature in Linux (RHEL 4) to check for a particular environment variable. Trouble is, it seems certain environment variables aren't showing up in there for some reason. Example: create some test vars: $ export T_1=testval TEST_1=testval T=testval TESTING_LONGEST=testval open a subshell: $bash $ cat /proc/self/environ|tr "\0" "\n"|grep testval TESTVARIABLE_LONGEST=testval T=testval hmm... where did T_1 and TEST_1 go?? what rules govern this strange universe? Thanks in advance, Josh

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• Is rsync --delete safe in case of disk failure

  - by enedene

  I have two data hard drives on my Linux server and I use second as a backup for a first drive. I use rsync for that purpose. An example would be: rsync -r -v --delete /media/disk1/ /media/disk2/ What this does is that it copies every file/directory from /media/disk1/ to /media/disk2/ but also deletes any difference. For example, lets say that files A and B but not file C are on disk1, and on disk2 there is no A and B files, but there is C. The result would be that after the command on disk2 I'd have files A and B, but file C would be deleted, just like on disk1. Now, a rather disastrous scenario had crossed my mind; what if disk1 dies, system continues to work since system files are on my system disk, but when rsync tries to backup my data on disk2 from broken disk1, it deletes all the files from disk2 because it can't read anything on disk1. Is this a possible scenario, or is there a protection from it build in rsync?

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• Systemd-networkd: How can I prepend a static nameserver entry to DHCP-discovered nameservers?

  - by runiq

  I'm using systemd 213 on Arch Linux, and systemd-networkd with DHCP to connect to the internet. I'm also running a caching DNS server on 127.0.0.1. I'd like to make this server the first DNS server in the list, but I'd also like to use the nameservers discovered by systemd-networkd's DHCP facility. Using a static resolv.conf isn't really possible, because I connect to networks with different DNS settings. I know I can set fallback DNS servers in /etc/systemd/resolved.conf, but is there a way with systemd-networkd to prepend my local DNS server to those discovered by DHCP?

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• changing filesystem format from jfx to ext4 without losing data

  - by A.Rashad

  I have a fresh Lucid Lynx (Ubuntu 10.04) running on a laptop. where I defined the filesystems as: mount point / on ext4 (46 Gb) mount point /home on jfs (63 GB) swap as 3 Gb I left the machine over night to do some task, without AC power supply. next day in the morning I found it on standby, task completed, but filesystem was not reachable. it gave me I/O error it seems that there is a problem with jfs and standby. anyways, to avoid any hassle, I want to move this mount point from jfs format to ext4. can I do this without losing data and without the need to place the data in a temporary location until transformation is done? sorry to mention that, but I recall back in the windows days, we would change a FAT16 to FAT32 or a FAT32 to NTFS without having to lose the data. I hope this is available on Linux.

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• Password Self-serve Active Directory via LAMP environment

  - by keithosu

  I would like to be able to change active directory passwords via a Linux/Apache based webpage. This would be a self serve web page for the user. I have SSL-LDAP setup on the Active Directory to make this happen. Is there any project or code out there that will do this? I've looked at this phpadadmin and I cannot get it to work. I think this is for IIS/php/mySQL Another thing to note is I would like the user to authenticate to change their own password. The product/service should not need a privileged account to run. Thanks Keith

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• SSO solution and centralized user mgmt for about 10-30 Ubuntu machines?

  - by nbr

  Hello, I'm looking for a clean way to centralize user management. The setup: About 10-30 linux machines (Ubuntu 10.04 LTS server) Maybe 10-30 users for now. The requirements (hopes and expectations): A single place for the administrator to manage user accounts, passwords and the list of machines each user has access to. (And probably groups.) Doesn't have to be fancy. Single sign-on for SSH: the user should be able to login from machine A to machine B without re-entering his/her password. A Quick Google searches give me pointers to OpenLDAP and Kerberos, but I'm not sure where to start and what problem will each solution actually solve. Which way to go? I'd love to find a clear that focuses on this subject. (Or: am I asking "a wrong question"?)

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• Disable passwd history feature with remember=0

  - by user1915177

  PAM version - pam-0.79 Is setting 0 allowed on "remember" option in /etc/pam.d/common-passwd file of pam.d module to disable passwd history feature? With "remember=0" in /etc/pam.d/common-passwd file, I am observing a memfault when running the passwd command as a USER. When browsed the source, the function in _set_ctrl in support.c file of pam_unix module handles wrong values of remember, but currently its not robust enough to handle 0, which is a wrong value. So the valid and only option to disable history feature, is to not include the "remember" option in /etc/pam.d/common-passwd file and not to set-up /etc/security/opasswd file? Could see in the following link mention of setting "remember" to 0 has no effect to remember value in "/etc/security/opasswd" file. =https://lists.fedorahosted.org/pipermail/linux-pam-commits/2011-June/000060.html

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• Remote X-windows between new RHEL5 and old Solaris 8

  - by joshxdr

  I have a very small lab network with three boxes: a modern x86-based RHEL3 box, an x86-based RHEL5 box, and a 1998-vintage SPARC Ultra5 with Solaris 8. I can use ssh -X to run a program on the RHEL5 box and view the windows on the RHEL3 box. I believe this uses xauth and magic cookies?? I have followed the X-Windows HOWTO to set up xauth on the Solaris box, but so far no dice. I would like to be able to use the X-windows server on the RHEL3 box with a client program on the Solaris box (program running on Solaris host, windows appearing at Linux host). Is there a trick to this, or have I made a mistake following the instructions for setting up xauth and magic cookie?

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• What is the difference between du -h and ls -lh?

  - by PeanutsMonkey

  I am having a difficult time grasping what is the correct way to read the size of the files since each command gives you varying results. I also came across a post at http://forums.devshed.com/linux-help-33/du-and-ls-generating-inconsistent-file-sizes-42169.html which states the following; du gives you the size of the file as it resides on the file system. ( IE will will always give you a result that is divisible by 1024 ). ls will give you the actual size of the file. What you are looking at is the difference between the actual size of the file and the amount of space on disk it takes. ( also called file system efficiency ). What is the difference between as it resides on the file system and actual size of the fil

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• Running projects from NTFS partition on Ubuntu

  - by tsuby

  I'm dual booting Windows 7/Ubuntu 12.04. I want to run C++/Java projects from a NTFS partition, where I keep generally all my files and projects. I fiddled with the fstab. One time I removed 'noexec', the other I changed it to 'exec'. After that,each time, I remounted the partition and it still didn't work. I tried using sudo mount -o remount,exec /media/mypartition It didn't work either. There was a somewhat similar question already, but it didn't have the proper answer for me or I didn't know how to make it work(note: I am a total newbie with Ubuntu and Linux in general).

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• Manually forcing TCP connection to retry

  - by Vi.

  I have a TCP connection (SSH session to some computer for example) Network suddenly goes down and drops all packets (disconnected cable, out of range). TCP resends packets again and again, retrying with increasing delays. I see the problem and plug the cable back (or restore network somehow). TCP connection finally successfully resends some packet and continues. The problem is that I need to wait for a some timeout on point 5. I want to use my opened SSH session now and not wait for 5-10 seconds until it finds out that connection is working again. How to force all TCP connections to resend data without delays in GNU/Linux?

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• Dediced server for all network functions?

  - by Alan

  I want to set up a fictional network configuration for a school in my neighborhood. They have about 50 computers altogether, 2X20 in computer rooms for students and another 10 scattered around for various professors. They should all access the internet through a dedicated Linux router machine. What they would like is to have domain names for those three computer groups. Lab1, Lab2 and Professors. The computers in Lab2 and Lab1 should have static ip and should all be named by numbers. So there should be 1@Lab1, 2@Lab1.... etc. And the Professors network should have a DHCP, with authentication. Is it an ok solution to have all these functions on a single server? (The one which will be used as a router) Do I have to set a local DNS for domain naming? Do the host names for Lab computers have to be set on the clients, or can they be automatically assigned?

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• automated printouts from a wireless printer

  - by Piotr

  I have a wireless printer which is always on, and an always on fanless linux server. Looking at the mprinter project on Kickstarter I started to wonder if there is an app somewhere in the internet already that will allow to prepare an automated daily printout based on some settings. things to be printed could include - weather forecast for my locations, todo`s scheduled for that day, a "quote of a day" or "word of the day", stats from google analytics for my site, and many more ... I would set a printout at 6:15 every work day so its on my printer when I am already up, having a coffee. anyone knows something that can be used for such purpose? While I know this can be done by combining the power of TeX, cron and a script language to manage the dynamic part of the PDF I believe this is a use case someone has already addressed.

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• Post raid5 setup reboot shows single hard drive failure on ubuntu 12.10?

  - by junkie

  I just set up raid 5 on linux using three HDDs as per a guide. It all went fine until when I rebooted I got the following text: http://i.stack.imgur.com/Zsfjk.jpg. Does this mean one of my HDDs has failed? How do I check if any of them are failing? I tried using smartctl and didn't see any issues. Or is it nothing to do with failure and something else altogether? I would like to get the raid 5 working again but I'm not sure where to go from here. I'm using ubuntu 12.10 and the three raid disks each have a gpt partition with a single full size partition of filesystem type ext4. Note I only got an error on reboot not while I was creating the raid array which went fine. Thanks.

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• Enabling Compiz Viewport Switcher key bindings

  - by David Moles

  I'm running compiz 0.8.2 with compizconfig on Scientific Linux 6.2 with Gnome 2.28.2. In the compizconfig "General Options" I have "Desktop Size" set as follows: Horizontal Virtual Size: 6 Vertical Virtual Size: 1 Number of Desktops: 1 This gets me the layout I want, i.e. 6 workspaces in a horizontal layout. Ctrl-alt-cursor-keys work fine for switching between them. However, I can't figure out how to get key bindings for specific workspaces. I've tried enabling "Viewport Switcher" in compizconfig, and tried various combinations both in "Number-based viewport switching" and "Go to specific viewport", to no apparent effect. My first thought was that something else was eating the specific key bindings I chose, but I think I've tried every combination of shift, control, alt and super (i.e., the Windows key) by now. I tried setting 6 desktops under "General Options" instead of one desktop with horizontal virtual size 6, but that doesn't seem to make a difference either. What am I missing?

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• How do you import an EPS file in Inkscape?

  - by Neil

  I'm using Inkscape, and I'm trying to import an EPS file to use it as a vector and eventually save it as an SVG. This link here mentions several methods: http://www.inkscapeforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=797 But the responses aren't rated since it's a forum, so I thought I'd ask here to find the best answer. I'd prefer not to have to use some website to convert the file to a PDF first. Either way, when I import an EPS into Inkscape, or use the website to convert it to a PDF, in both cases the resulting file loses all colour and gradients, and the EPS file gets cut off on the right side. It looks like ps2pdf is clipping the file incorrectly, and Inkscape is eliminating the colour. I have these version installed in Ubuntu Lucid Linux: Inskape 0.47.0-2ubuntu2 Ghostscript 8.71.dfsg.1-0ubuntu5.3

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• eTrayz: Replace base system with a bootstrapped Debian

  - by knoopx

  I bought an eTrayz NAS time ago. The device is more or less good but it ships with a closed-source custom linux and a bunch of broken web-apps. I wanted to replace the whole system with a raw Debian installation. I successfully bootstrapped a Lenny Debian into a chroot and I'm able to use use it. However I would like it to be the default system and to boot automatically at login. The device itself ships with a bundled 2.6.24.4 kernel. I think the kernel is on a dedicated flash memory so I would prefere not to re-flash it. What do you think is the best way to accomplish it?

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• Thunderbird 11.0.1 reply address issues

  - by hardlywired

  I'm running Thunderbird 11.0.1 under Linux Mint 12 for all my email addresses (all IMAP). I have recently found that when I reply to an email it only includes the recipient's email address in the reply on a random basis. More often than not, I have to add them in each time. If it did it all the time I would think it was a setting but random being random, I can't pin this one down. I have reinstalled without any change. Any ideas?

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• can I display a JPG or PNG to the framebuffer (/dev/fb*)?

  - by ndmweb

  I know I can capture the framebuffer in linux using something like cp /dev/fb0 ~/myimage and re-display that by coping back to the device like so cp ~/myimage /dev/fb0. What format is the framebuffer image data in? and how would I go about displaying a pre-made image (jpg, png) to the framebuffer? Can I convert to this format using imagemagick? p.s. Im using a raspberry pi running raspbian. Update 11-12-2012 I ended up using pygame to display images in my application. Not sure if this uses the frame-buffer to display the images. But it meets my needs quite well.

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• is it possible in this case to get two IPv6 networks to communicate over the IPv4 Internet?

  - by user239167

  I have a setup of a laptop connected to a cellular IPv4 network (3G usb dongle) and PC connected to another IPv4/IPv6 network. Both have been configured to run as IPv6 routers and each has its IPv6 network. The laptop connects to the Internet via the 3G network with IPv4 address (private one and it is mostly changing) on one interface and has the other interface on AP mode providing its own private IPv6 network (2001:db8:444::/64). The PC connects to the Internet via the organization network with both public IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on one interface and has the other interface on AP mode providing its own private IPv6 network (2001:db8:222::/64). Both running Linux Ubuntu. Is it possible to get the two IPv6 network (2001:db8:222::/64 and 2001:db8:444::/64) to communicate over the IPv4 Internet? Is openvpn of any good in this case to get IPv6 traffic over IPv4-IPv4 tunnel? Thanks for helping in advance

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• Can Autodesk Flame run with an nVidia Quadro FX3800 SDI and output to preview through SDI???

  - by cragno

  I am running on Linux RHEL 4.3, DKU 5.0.1. Everything seems to be ok on the xorg.conf and init.cfg, but when I start my projects and Flame enables output to preview I start having preview on my SDI monitor and stop seeing on my main monitor (which is connected to the DisplayPort). Could it be posible that Flame needs Quadro FX4x00/5x00 series with dual DVI to output both monitors?? Cause the FX3800 has only one DVi (which is connected to the SDI card) and 2 DisplayPorts as additional output monitors. Anyone knows a config or workaround this problem?? Thanks ahead!!!

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• Modify PATH variable for X11 during log-in

  - by user1028435

  I am working on some lab computers (read: no administrative rights) that, if I log in, I need to change the PATH variable as X11 starts. The reason is that I need to change the PATH variable at this time, as opposed to later, is that the Print Screen command seems to "bind" during login (forgive my bad explanation of this). Currently, I have a .bashrc script as a workaround: #!/bin/bash export PATH=/home/username/bin:$PATH I can make it work by starting a new X, but I was wondering if it is possible to change upon login. cat /etc/redhat-release tells me my distribution is: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client release 5.8 (Tikanga)

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• Server monitoring for medium scale UNIX network

  - by nbartolomeo

  I'm looking for suggestions for a good monitoring tools, or tools, to handle a mixed Linux (RedHat 4-5) and HPUX environment. Currently we are using Hobbit which is working reasonably well but it is becoming harder to keep track of what alerts are sent out for what servers. Features I'd like to see: Easy configuration of servers. The ability to monitor CPU, network, memory, and specific processes I've looked into Nagios but from what I have seen it won't be easy to set up the configuration for all of our servers ~200 and that without installing a plugin into each agent I won't be able to monitor processes.

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• Alternatives to Citrix GoToAssist ?

  - by Evan Carroll

  Citrix GoToAssist is a really nifty little web application for customer support that allows you to take control of someones OSX, or Windows machine. Essentially, it works likes this: You log in to your management console You get a code You give them a code, and a website (fastsupport.com) They go there and enter in the code They accept the browser applet which installs a program on their computer You have control of their desktop You can see their desktop, configure applications, etc. They can also see when you disconnect. It is really rather nifty, but it doesn't support Linux and it is rather expensive (660$ a year). Does anyone know of any alternatives to this? I'm looking for a solution as simple on the user as this one, that doesn't require firewall configuration or setting up ssh/vnc/rdesktop etc.

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• How to load previous kernel via ssh?

  - by Aamir

  I work remotely on my work computer. I am also the root of the workstation that I am sharing with my colleague. Yesterday, I upgraded the kernel to 2.6.31-17 when asked by the update manager but refrained from restarting because I knew my NVIDIA and several other kernel modules wouldn't work. Unfortunately my colleague who is a linux noob restarted the machine and here I am :( I am thinking of changing the symlinks /initrd.img and /vmlinuz to the previous kernel image and use kexec. Please tell some better way to load the 2.6.31-16 release of kernel from ssh and not the grub boot menu. I am using Ubuntu Karmic.

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