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  • replacing data.frame element-wise operations with data.table (that used rowname)

    - by Harold
    So lets say I have the following data.frames: df1 <- data.frame(y = 1:10, z = rnorm(10), row.names = letters[1:10]) df2 <- data.frame(y = c(rep(2, 5), rep(5, 5)), z = rnorm(10), row.names = letters[1:10]) And perhaps the "equivalent" data.tables: dt1 <- data.table(x = rownames(df1), df1, key = 'x') dt2 <- data.table(x = rownames(df2), df2, key = 'x') If I want to do element-wise operations between df1 and df2, they look something like dfRes <- df1 / df2 And rownames() is preserved: R> head(dfRes) y z a 0.5 3.1405463 b 1.0 1.2925200 c 1.5 1.4137930 d 2.0 -0.5532855 e 2.5 -0.0998303 f 1.2 -1.6236294 My poor understanding of data.table says the same operation should look like this: dtRes <- dt1[, !'x', with = F] / dt2[, !'x', with = F] dtRes[, x := dt1[,x,]] setkey(dtRes, x) (setkey optional) Is there a more data.table-esque way of doing this? As a slightly related aside, more generally, I would have other columns such as factors in each data.table and I would like to omit those columns while doing the element-wise operations, but still have them in the result. Does this make sense? Thanks!

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  • Qt grabWindow coordinates shifted from GetCursorPos and GetWindowRect

    - by user1391
    In Qt, when I use the QPixmap::grabWindow(hwnd,x,y,h,w) function, the coordinates are shifted slightly, when compared to the coordinates using the windows api functions GetCursorPos and GetWindowRect. i.e. (0,0) from the point of view of GetCursorPos and GetWindowRect is at the very top left of the toolbar at the top of the window. But (0,0) for QPixmap::grabWindow is more "inside" (i.e. ignoring the window frame). How can I make these 2 coordinates consistent? Especially since the user might have different thicknesses for the window frame?

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  • How many address fields would you use for a UK database?

    - by Draemon
    Address records are probably used in most database, but I've seen a number of slightly different sets of fields used to store them. The number of fields seems to vary from 3-7, and sometimes all fields are simple labelled address1..addressN, other times given specific meaning (town, city, etc). This is UK specific, though I'm open to comments about the rest of the world too. Here you need the first line of the address (actually just the number) and the post code to identify the address - everything else is mostly an added bonus. I'm currently favouring: Address 1 Address 2 Address 3 Town County Post Code We could add Country if we ever needed it (unlikely). What do you think? Is this too little, too much?

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  • Does `throw` cause stack variables (full types) to be freed from memory in C++?

    - by nbolton
    I'm pondering a question on Brainbench. I actually realised that I could answer my question easily by compiling the code, but it's an interesting question nonetheless, so I'll ask the question anyway and answer it myself shortly. Take a look at this snippet: The question considers what happens when we throw from a destructor (which causes terminate() to be called). It's become clear to me by asking the question that the memory is indeed freed and the destructor is called, but, is this before or after throw is called from foo? Perhaps the issue here is that throw is used while the stack is unwinding that is the problem... Actually this is slightly confusing.

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  • Java- FileWriter/BufferedWriter - appending to end of a text file?

    - by KP65
    I've done this before once, I'm trying to replicate what I did so far and this is what I've got: try { BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("file.P", true)); System.out.println("entered"); if (!(newUserName.isEmpty()) || (newUserPass.isEmpty())){ writer.newLine(); writer.write("hellotest123"); writer.close(); } It seems to find file.P, which is just a txt file, but it doesn't seem to append anything onto it? It enters the code and passes the IF statement fine, but nothing is appended to the text file? I'm slightly stuck!

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  • Is it good to continue as MFC developer or good to know .NET as well?

    - by AKN
    Normally people say MFC is little clumsy. It makes UI developement slightly difficult to maintain since it has lot of auto generated code. It has good architecture (doc/view) but is not transparent like Win32 programming to understand how window program works in the background. So with this situation, is it good to extend the exposure on MFC programming or better to switch to .NET since for faster UI design with ease in maintenance. How globally companies are looking into MFC as a technology for UI developments. Are they comfortable in supporting their developers to continue with MFC or looking for changing their development technology.

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  • Definitive method for sizing font in css

    - by David
    Hi there, I would like to know some opinions from experienced developers on what they think the definitive way to size fonts (in a base sense). I know that working with ems is considered best but im referring to the best way to set the base font size. There is the technique of setting font to 10px using 62.5 method but i think ie has an issue with rounding which throws this out slightly (perhaps not) YUI framework uses body { font:13px/1.231 arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; /* for IE6/7 */ *font-size:small; /* for IE Quirks Mode */ *font:x-small; } which really confuses me! Tripoli uses html { font-size:125%; } body { font-size:50%; } a list apart suggest something along the lines of : body { font-size: 16px; *font-size: 100%; } So which is the best either out of these methods or any alternatives. The best being the easiest to work with and the most reliable cross browser.

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  • GIS: line_locate_point() in Python

    - by miracle2k
    I'm pretty much a beginner when it comes to GIS, but I think I understand the basics - it doesn't seem to hard. But: All these acronyms and different libraries, GEOS, GDAL, PROJ, PCL, Shaply, OpenGEO, OGR, OGC, OWS and what not, each seemingly depending on any number of others, is slightly overwhelming me. Here's what I would like to do: Given a number of points and a linestring, I want to determine the location on the line closest to a certain point. In other words, what PostGIS's line_locate_point() does: http://postgis.refractions.net/documentation/manual-1.3/ch06.html#line%5Flocate%5Fpoint Except I want do use plain Python. Which library or libraries should I have a look at generally for doing these kinds of spatial calculations in Python, and is there one that specifically supports a line_locate_point() equivalent?

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  • Change background colour of individual elements on the fly

    - by John
    Hi, Is there a way in CSS or JQuery where I can dynamically change the background of li tags so they get slightly lighter for each element until it gets to white. For example say I had a list of 10 li elements. The first would have a red (#ff0000) background, the next one would then be a lighter shade of red, and so on and so on until we got to the last one which would have a background of white (#FFFFFF) The list can be any length and i just want the background colour to go from one colour e.g. red to another colour e.g. white. My site uses JQuery so if I have to use that I don't mind. Thanks

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  • Optional attribute values in MappedField

    - by David Brooks
    I'm new to Scala and Lift, coming from a slightly odd background in PLT Scheme. I've done a quick search on this topic and found lots of questions but no answers. I'm probably looking in the wrong place. I've been working my way through tutorials on using Mapper to create database-backed objects, and I've hit a stumbling block: what types should be used to stored optional attribute values. For example, a simple ToDo object might comprise a title and an optional deadline (e.g. http://rememberthemilk.com). The former would be a MappedString, but the latter could not be a MappedDateTime since the type constraints on the field require, say, defaultValue to return a Date (rather than a Date or null/false/???). Is an underlying NULL handled by the MappedField subclasses? Or are there optional equivalents to things like MappedInt, MappedString, MappedDateTime that allow the value to be NULL in the database? Or am I approaching this in the wrong way?

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  • Detailed change history of .NET framework versions?

    - by gehho
    I am looking for a detailed change history (including bugfixes) of all .NET framework versions, especially the changes between 2.0 and 3.5 SP1. I know that something like that exists for v2.0 and v1.1, and for v4.0. However, I could not find a history for v3.0 and v3.5/SP1. Background: (slightly edited) We are having issues somewhere between deserialization of some XML data (using XmlReader) and the display of the data in the UI. These problems appear when we use .NET 3.5 SP1, but we did not have them in v2.0. Now, I would like to know if this is related to some change/bugfix in the framework, or if this is related to some other difference. Unfortunately, we do not have the source code of that piece of software, and most of the software is written using native C++/MFC, except for the deserialization part which is .NET.

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  • Fluent nHibernate - How to map a non-key column on an association table?

    - by The Matt
    Taking an example that is provided on the Fluent nHibernate website, I need to extend it slightly: I need to add a 'Quantity' column to the StoreProduct table. How would I map this using nHibernate? An example mapping is provided for the given scenario above, but I'm not sure how I would get the Quantity column to map: public class StoreMap : ClassMap<Store> { public StoreMap() { Id(x => x.Id); Map(x => x.Name); HasMany(x => x.Employee) .Inverse() .Cascade.All(); HasManyToMany(x => x.Products) .Cascade.All() .Table("StoreProduct"); } }

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  • Determine when using the VC90 compiler in VS2010 instead of VS2008?

    - by Dan
    Is there a (Microsoft-specific) CPP macro to determine when I'm using the VC9 compiler in Visual Studio 2010 as opposed to Visual Studio 2008? _MSC_VER returns the compiler version, so with VS2010 multi-targeting feature, I'll get the same result as with VS2008. The reason for wanting to know the difference is that I created a new VS2010 project which contains code removed from a larger project. I just left the VS2008 stuff "as is" since we're moving away from VS2008 "soon" anyway and I didn't want to go through the hassle of creating a vcproj file along with the new vcxproj. For now, I've just defined my own macro to indicate whether the code is compiled into its own DLL or not; it works just fine, but it would be nice if there were something slightly more elegant.

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  • pyramid view redirection

    - by ascobol
    This question title may be slightly incorrect but I could not find a better one (yet). I'm trying to integrate Mozilla Persona (browserid) into a Pyramid application. The login process is: user can login on any page by clicking on the login button a popup then shows a login form when the users enters correct login/password, an ajax call is made by the popup to a pyramid view that checks users credentials, and calls pyramid remember function if the check succeeded the browserid javascript code then reloads the current page Now I want to handle the case of a new user subscribing to the web app and present a new view asking for a few more details (desired username, etc) Since the "remember" function is called by an ajax call from the popup, I cannot redirect the user the the "/newuser" page. So every view needs to redirect new users to the "/newuser" url whenever the remembered browserid has no corresponding user in the database. Is there a way to intercept user requests before calling a view to call the "new_user" view instead ? Or maybe my authentication approach is fundamentally incorrect and I should rely on another approach ?

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  • How extension methods work in background ?

    - by Freshblood
    I am just cuirous about behind of extension method mechanism.Some questions and answer appear in my mind. MyClass.OrderBy(x=>x.a).OrderBy(x=>x.b); I was guessing that mechanism was first orderby method works and order them by a member then returns sorted items in IEnumarable interface then next Orderby method of IEnumarable Order them for b paramater.But i am wrong when i look at this linq query. MyClass.Orderby(x=>x.a).ThenOrderBy(x=>x.b); this is slightly different and tells me that i am wrong.Because this is not ordering by a then b and not possible to have such result if i was right.This get me confuse enough... Similiar structure is possible to write withot extension methods as first query but second is not possible.This prove i am wrong . Can u explain it ?

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  • Blackberry Widget Packager saves my files in strange places

    - by chibineku
    I have just installed the Blackberry Widget Packager and Blackberry Web Plug-In for Eclipse, and everything works fine, but my files are output to strange places. For example, I tried putting my zipped source files in the folder Blackberry Widget Packager/web and I got an error during packaging. Packaging works when the .zip is in the same directory as wwbp, though. When a widget is successfully created, the executable .jar file and the .rapc files are put in some stupid folder like users/user/temp/widgetname094098456, and the other files are split between two folders in Blackberry Widget Packager/bin. This is slightly annoying as I don't want to be spending time herding my files. Anyone have any thoughts on why my files are being scattered like this?

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  • How do I let a user sign in from a different domain on Authlogic?

    - by Newy
    [This is slightly different than a previous question about having multiple domains share the same cookie. It seemed like there wasn't an easy way to do that.] I have a application at application.com. A customer has app.customer.com pointed at my site on Heroku, and I have everything set up so that it renders a specific version of app correctly. The issue is that I want a user at app.customer.com to be able to login. I believe authlogic is now setting the cookie on application.com, so while it verifies the credentials, no session on customer.com is ever created.

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  • Python: User-Defined Exception That Proves The Rule

    - by bandana
    Python documentations states: Exceptions should typically be derived from the Exception class, either directly or indirectly. the word 'typically' leaves me in an ambiguous state. consider the code: class good(Exception): pass class bad(object): pass Heaven = good() Hell = bad() >>> raise Heaven Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#163>", line 1, in <module> raise Heaven good >>> raise Hell Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#171>", line 1, in <module> raise Hell TypeError: exceptions must be classes or instances, not bad so when reading the python docs, should i change 'typically' with ''? what if i have a class hierarchy that has nothing to do with the Exception class, and i want to 'raise' objects belonging to the hierarchy? i can always raise an exception with an argument: raise Exception, Hell This seems slightly awkward to me What's so special about the Exception class, that only its family members can be raised?

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  • Generator speed in python 3

    - by Will
    Hello all, I am going through a link about generators that someone posted. In the beginning he compares the two functions below. On his setup he showed a speed increase of 5% with the generator. I'm running windows XP, python 3.1.1, and cannot seem to duplicate the results. I keep showing the "old way"(logs1) as being slightly faster when tested with the provided logs and up to 1GB of duplicated data. Can someone help me understand whats happening differently? Thanks! def logs1(): wwwlog = open("big-access-log") total = 0 for line in wwwlog: bytestr = line.rsplit(None,1)[1] if bytestr != '-': total += int(bytestr) return total def logs2(): wwwlog = open("big-access-log") bytecolumn = (line.rsplit(None,1)[1] for line in wwwlog) getbytes = (int(x) for x in bytecolumn if x != '-') return sum(getbytes)

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  • Best anti boss tricks to hide your private page navigation from your desktop.

    - by systempuntoout
    This question is slightly related to programming and it's kinda lame, i know; but i saw many funny things in these years and i'm looking for new tricks from you. I'm talking about methods to fast-hide\camouflage not job related web pages on your desktop when boss arrives like a ghost\ninja behind your shoulders. I know how much can be frustrating, programming hard for ten hours and then been caught by your boss watching XKCD during a 2 minutes break. I think the most common anti boss trick is the evergreen CTRL+TAB, but you have to be fast and your left hand has to be near the keyboard. I saw pitch black brightness on Lcd (how can you pretend to program on that?) or custom sized browser to fit a little space just below the IDE. My favourite one at the moment is using fire gesture plugin with FF; with a micro gesture you can hide FF to your tray in a blink of an eye. Do you have any trick to share?

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  • Python: Find X to Y in a list of strings.

    - by TheLizardKing
    I have a list of maybe a 100 or so elements that is actually an email with each line as an element. The list is slightly variable because lines that have a \n in them are put in a separate element so I can't simply slice using fixed values. I essentially need a variable start and stop phrase (needs to be a partial search as well because one of my start phrases might actually be Total Cost: $13.43 so I would just use Total Cost:.) Same thing with the end phrase. I also do not wish to include the start/stop phrases in the returned list. In summary: email = ['apples','bananas','cats','dogs','elephants','fish','gee'] start = 'ban' stop = 'ele' the magic here new_email = ['cats','dogs'] NOTES While not perfect formatting of the email, it is fairly consistent so there is a slim chance a start/stop phrase will occur more than once. There are also no blank elements.

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  • (Newbie) Amazon Web Services Apache Server

    - by Samnsparky
    Hello! I am trying to get a feel for the costs imposed by running apache on AWS continually. Assuming that the service is scarcely used, does anyone know how many cpu hours that would eat up in a month just by sitting there and running? I understand that this is slightly impractical but I am trying to figure out what the cost of entry is to deploy an application on this platform (as compared to GAE). I suspect it to be small but I would like to know. Thank you for your help, Sam

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  • Linq To Sql Left outer join - filtering null results

    - by Harry
    I'd like to reproduce the following SQL into C# LinqToSql SELECT TOP(10) Keywords.* FROM Keywords LEFT OUTER JOIN IgnoreWords ON Keywords.WordID = IgnoreWords.ID WHERE (DomainID = 16673) AND (IgnoreWords.Name IS NULL) ORDER BY [Score] DESC The following C# Linq gives the right answer. But I can't help think I'm missing something (a better way of doing it?) var query = (from keyword in context.Keywords join ignore in context.IgnoreWords on keyword.WordID equals ignore.ID into ignored from i in ignored.DefaultIfEmpty() where i == null where keyword.DomainID == ID orderby keyword.Score descending select keyword).Take(10); the SQL produced looks something like this: SELECT TOP (10) [t0].[DomainID], [t0].[WordID], [t0].[Score], [t0].[Count] FROM [dbo].[Keywords] AS [t0] LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT 1 AS [test], [t1].[ID] FROM [dbo].[IgnoreWords] AS [t1]) AS [t2] ON [t0].[WordID] = [t2].[ID] WHERE ([t0].[DomainID] = 16673) AND ([t2].[test] IS NULL) ORDER BY [t0].[Score] DESC How can I get rid of this redundant inner selection? It's only slightly more expensive but every bit helps!

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  • Does `throw` cause stack variables to be freed from memory in C++?

    - by nbolton
    I'm pondering a question on Brainbench. I actually realised that I could answer my question easily by compiling the code, but it's an interesting question nonetheless, so I'll ask the question anyway and answer it myself shortly. Take a look at this snippet: The question considers what happens when we throw from a destructor (which causes terminate() to be called). It's become clear to me by asking the question that the memory is indeed freed and the destructor is called, but, is this before or after throw is called from foo? Perhaps the issue here is that throw is used while the stack is unwinding that is the problem... Actually this is slightly confusing.

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  • What are the performance characteristics of SignalR at scale?

    - by Joel Martinez
    I'm interested in the performance characteristics of SignalR at scale ... particularly, how it behaves at the fringes of capability. When a server is at capacity, what happens? Does it drop messages? Do some clients not get notified? Are messages queued until all are delivered? And if so, will the queue eventually overflow and crash the server? I ask because conducting such a test myself would be impractical, and I'm hoping someone could point me to documentation speaking to this ... or perhaps someone could comment that has seen how SignalR behaves at scale. Thanks! note: I'm familiar with this other stackoverflow question on the stability and scalability of SignalR. But I believe my question is asking a slightly different question in that I'm not concerned with the theoretical scaling limits, I want to know how it behaves when it reaches the limits ... so I know what to be on the lookout for.

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