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• Ubuntu 12.04 can't boot after installing with software RAID 1

  - by Bill

  I've been trying to install Ubuntu with software RAID on my server and there is obviously something that I don't understand about the process. This is the guide that I followed: https://help.ubuntu.com/11.04/serverguide/advanced-installation.html I have two identical 1 TB disks in my server. I went through the initial install process and manually set up my partitions. On each disk I set up: (1) 100 MB partition for EFI boot (I didn't originally have this but added it based on a forum post I found after my original install failed to boot, I ended up with EFIboot since that was what the 'guided partitioning' decided to do) (1) 970 MB partition for / (1) 30 MB partition for swap I then created new RAID 1 disks combining the two partitions, one from each disk, such that each partition is mirrored. I then configured their usage as stated above. After saving the configuration I said yes to boot in a degraded state. The rest of the setup went normally, no errors of any kind. I saw GRUB being installed and again no errors. However, after rebooting the server I get the dreaded 'Insert boot media' and nothing happens. I loaded up the recovery disk and the mdadm configuration looks correct. md0 is my EFIBoot partition md1 is my \ partition using ext4 md2 is my swap partition Running file -s /dev/md0 doesn't indicate that GRUB is there and so I attempted to reinstall GRUB using the recovery disk. I selected the md0 disk and it appeared to install just fine. Running file -s /dev/md1 shows the error needs journal recovery, I'm not sure if that's related or not or how to fix that. Rebooting gives me the same problem, no boot media found. I've searched around the internet but can't figure out what to do next or more importantly how to troubleshoot what exactly is going wrong. Thanks!

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• How to safely move where itunes saves music/iphone apps/and meta data to another internal Drive?

  - by GingerLee

  In the past, when I have moved my itunes data from one computer to another, I usually just follow these steps: Copy the contents of two folders: %USERPROFILE%\Music\iTunes %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\Apple Computer 1) Install iTunes on the new computer, start it and close it (don't let it search for music). 2) Copy all the files in the above folders from old PC to new PC. 3) Start iTunes and authorize the new computer (and deauthorize old one). 4) Before syncing, update all iphone apps to current versions on both my iphone and in itunes. 5) The Sync. The above steps always work for me, and basically Itunes on my new PC works exactly as it did on the old PC. My Question: In the hopes of bybassing the above steps in the future, I would like to just have Itunes use another internal Drive that I use for file storage (e.g. D:/) as the path for the above two directory? Then if I move to new PC again, I could just setup itunes to use the correct path. Is that possible yet with minimal implications? If so how?

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• PXELinux and compressed kernels/images

  - by Yvan JANSSENS

  Is it possible to boot compressed kernels with a compressed initrd with PXELinux? First, a little background: We created a custom Linux distro, for diskless OpenCL computing nodes. We want those nodes to fetch their OS from the network. Our Distro is composed out of a kernel (duh) and a large initrd which is loaded into RAM and everything is executed from there. We chose to run everything off the initrd for two reasons: NFS was not an option to serve the filesystem's extra contents Fast file access from RAM. No persistent storage needed, data and config is pulled dynamically through a SOAP service. Now our initrd is about 450M in size. At our network speeds, it takes about two to three minutes to load a single client. Will compression speed up te downloading, and if yes, which one should be used? Is LZMA supported by PXELinux, or do we need to stick to bzip2 or gzip? Because of the 2-3 minutes loading time, booting 15 nodes over the same network link takes quite a lot of time. We decided not to use hard drives or CD/DVD drives, for financial reasons (cheapest HDD @ €30 times 15 is a lot of money saved ;-) ) So, our question is: what compression options are available for this setup? And how do we do this? Thank you for your time! Yvan Janssens

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• Command or tool to display list of connections to a Windows file share

  - by BizTalkMama

  Is there a Windows command or tool that can tell me what users or computers are connected to a Windows fileshare? Here's why I'm looking for this: I've run into issues in the past where our deployment team has deployed BizTalk applications to one of our environments using the wrong bindings, leaving us with two receive locations pointing to the same file share (i.e. both dev and test servers point to dev receive location uri). When this occurs, the two environments in question tend to take turns processing the files received (meaning if I am attempting to debug something in one environment and the other environment has picked the file up, it looks as if my test file has disappeared into thin air). We have several different environments, plus individual developer machines, and I'd rather not have to check each individually to find the culprit. I'm looking for a quick way to detect what locations are connected to the share once I notice my test files vanishing. If I can determine the connections that are invalid, I can go directly to the person responsible for that environment and avoid the time it takes to randomly ask around. Or if the connections appear to be correct, I can go directly to troubleshooting where in the process the message gets lost. Any suggestions?

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• virtual host settings fail on multiple sites

  - by Ricalsin

  Wow. I'm puzzled. On my ubuntu system I've setup an apache2 server and configured three virtual hosts in the /etc/apache2/sites-available directory. a2ensite to symbolic link the sites-enabled. The first two work great; a simple url of localhost.mysitenames.com works great for the first two sites, both finding their DocumentRoot and Directory paths. The third always generates a Bad Request (Invalid Hostname) response. No server error.log as it never hits it. I've copied/pasted the working vhost files, made the minor changes to the ServerName, DocumentRoot and Directory and the same problem persists. I always "sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart" whenever I make a change. I've cleared the browser cache as well. No love. There's not a limit to the number of sites you can host, right? My goal was a localhost development environment with the expectation I can run any number of websites locally before pushing them to a live server. Any thoughts on how to debug this? Or, just a simple solution I am missing?

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• Size of modules within initrd

  - by LiKao

  I am currently trying to manually replace the kernel within ubuntu-core on an embedded device with a custom kernel. However when I try to update the initrd my initrd becomes much bigger. Here is what I did: Extract the initrd that was shipped with ubuntu Make a list of all modules within the old initrd get the same modules from the new module director at /lib/modules/new_kernel_version add these modules to the initrd and remove the old ones If I do this my initrd becomes quite bigger than the original one, so I checked the individual modules. I picked the btrfs.ko filesystem driver as an example. So by comparing these two modules I noticed the one I just picked into the initrd was much bigger, which caused the difference in size. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 999K Nov 14 15:06 btrfs.ko For the btrfs.ko within the shipped initrd. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7.2M Nov 14 15:08 btrfs.ko For the new btrfs.ko. What is different between these two modules? Could this be caused by some faulty setting for the new kernel? When producing the kernel I copied /proc/config.gz and used make oldconfig to update it, so all optimisations should be the same for both kernels. Or is there something else which is being done to the modules before they are put into the initrd? Maybe is there even some better way to build a new initrd for the new kernel in ubuntu altogether. Update: I just also tested with an initrd which I created from scratch using the mkinitrfs command within ubuntu, and it has the same size difference that I found for the initrd I manually updated.

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• Why is only one wget command working in my crontab?

  - by afEkenholm

  I wish to fetch content from a PHP script on my server two times a day, altering a query variable lang to set what language we want, and save this content in two language specific files. This is my crontab: */15 * * * * ~root/apache.sh > /var/log/checkapache.log 10 0 * * * wget -O /path/to/file-sv.sql "http://mydomain.com/path/?lang=sv" 11 0 * * * wget -O /path/to/file-en.sql "http://mydomain.com/path/?lang=en" The problem is that only the first wget command line is being executed (or to be precise: the only file that is being written is /path/to/file-sv.sql). If I switch the second and the third row, /path/to/file-en.sql gets written instead. The first line always runs as expected, no matter where it is. I then tried using lynx -dump "http://mydomain.com/path/?lang=xx" > /path/to/file-xx.sql to no avail; still only the first lynx line executed successfully. Even mixing wget and lynx did not change this! Getting kinda desperate! Am I missing something? There are thousands of articles on crontab (combined with) wget or lynx, but all seems to cover basic setups and syntax. Does anyone got a clue of what I am doing wrong? Thanks, Alexander

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• SSH attcack CentOS Amazon EC2

  - by user37143

  Hi, I run a few Rightscale CentOS AMI based instances on Amazon EC2. Two months back I found that our SSHD security is compromised( I had added host.allow and host.deny for ssh). So I created new instances and done an IP based ssh that allows only our IPs through AWS Firewall(ec2-authorize) and chnaged the ssh 22 default port to some other port but two days back I found I was not able to login to the server and when I tried on 22 port the ssh got connected and I found that sshd_conf was changed and when I tried to edit sshd_config I found root had no write permission on the file. So I tried a chmod and it said access denied for 'root' user. This is very strange. I checked secure log and history and found nothing informative. I have PHP, Ruby On Rails, Java, Wordpress apps running on these server. This time I did a chkrootkit scan and found nothing. I renamed the /etc/ssh folder and reinstalled openssh through yum. I had faced this on 3 instances on CentOS(5.2, 5.4) I have instances on Debian as well those working fine. Is this a CentOS/Rightscale issue. Guys, what security measures I should take to prevent this. Please support me this is very critical. Thanks

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• Windows Vista freezes

  - by Kakurady

  Windows Vista (32-bit) would randomly freeze on my computer, usually 15-30 minutes after login but can happen just after login. All applications would stop responding and the hard drive will not make any sound, and after a while, the mouse cursor will also stop moving. I dual-boot Ubuntu, and that still works fine. It started with the computer freezing when loading Team Fortress 2. Alt-Tab and Ctrl-Alt-Del have no effect, and the hard drive does not make any sound. I tried to verify the game data using Steam and that freezes the computer too. So I stupidly reinstalled the game. Now the game doesn't freeze when it starts, but instead the whole computer randomly freezes. This computer is a Dell XPS M1530 with a 320GB (298GiB) drive (WDC WD3200BEVT-7) split 5-ways, with Windows and Linux a partition each, one more for Linux swap space, and another two partitions for Dell diagnostic program and factory image and drivers. There was once where the hard drive would make clicking noises all day, and only stopped when I rebooted the computer. Since then, the BIOS diagnostics would fail the drive (for "self-test log contains previous errors") whenever ran. (The on-disk diagnostics cannot be run because I overwrote the MBR with GRUB.) Naturally, I thought the hard drive could be the problem. CHKDSK found one bad sector, but this seems to have no effect. System File Checker found two protected files with wrong hashes, one is some kind of IE manifest, and the other is a tcpmon.ini. Neither of them can be restored because their back up copy also have wrong hashes. Nothing about system failures in the event viewer. What should I do next?

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• XP - ping changes routing table?

  - by Corelgott

  Hey Folks, I have got a real strange behaviour with one of my XP-Sp3 machines. Setup: A Server in the lan (192.168.5.0) proviedes access to all roadwarriors in 10.8.0.0 The DCHP has a static route for all clients pronouncing 192.168.5.235 as gateway for 10.8.0.0 All Clients can ping & access the vpn-machines; everything works like a charm But one Xp-Sp3 is not willing to connect to them. It gets all the same routes as any other sytem in the lan and I trippel-checked - there are no static routes on this machine When I ping any 10.8.0.0 device from this machine, the first two packaged work like a charm; but the next two (and any package after them) fail and get lost. When I look back into the routing table: There is a new route; a special one just for the device I pinged, which points to the right gateway - but which wasn't there earlier... As Long as this route exists the machine can't ping anything on 10.8.0.0. But if I remove the route by hand: The next to ping packages work fine... Has anybody got an idea about that? Anybody every seen such a behaviour? Any hint / help / tip is greatly appreachiated! thx in advance Corelgott Ps: I attach an image of the cmd to clarify things - its in german, but reading a routing table shouldn't be that hard...

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• Connecting to Server 2008 shares fails

  - by Chris J

  I'm having problems getting a reliable share working on an x64 Server 2008 R1 SP1 server. All works well after a reboot, but after some time (within a day) the shares become unavailable to XP and Server 2003 servers. Interestingly, they remain available to other Server 2008 servers. On trying to access \\server\share, Server 2003 returns immediately and simply gives me the message "The specified network name is no longer available", XP takes a minute or two to timeout before giving the same message. There doesn't seem to be anything in the event logs indicating a problem. Doing some googling over the last day or two I've seen the following blamed: Bad network drivers ... I've updated to the latest drivers with no result Symantec anti-virus ... we're not using it (currently no AV on the server) Receive window auto-tuning ... I've disabled with netsh int tcp set global autotuninglevel=disabled and netsh int tcp set global rss=disabled None of these have had an effect. Windows Firewall is currently disabled. As other Server 2008 boxes (both x32 and x64) can connect, I can only assume that there's some new security configuration that's not quite right - or there's an AD issue that I need to trace, but don't know where to start. Even if anyone doesn't know how to resolve, if someone knows what I need to look for with Wireshark this would be a help.

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• Same script, different behavior [migrated]

  - by Antoine_935

  I just stumbled upon an interesting bug... Still trying to figure out what is exactly happening. Maybe you can help. First, the context. I'm currently building yet another man to html converter (for some reasons I won't motivate here, but I need it). So, have a look at the screenshot below (see the link), more precisely at the outlined spots. See? On the upper shell, I have &lt ; and &gt ;, that is, escaped html. While on the shell below I have < and directly. But as you can see (or do I seriously need looking glass ?), the command man 2 semget | webmanneris the same on both sides, as is the which webmanner. The two are executed roughly at the same moment, with no modification made to the script between. [Oops, cannot post pictures just yet... Here comes the link] http://aspyct.org/media/webmanner-bug.png But the shell below is older (open about 1 hour ago). Newer shells all print out &lt ;. So my first guess was that it somehow had a cached reference to the old inode of the file, or old blocks or whatever. So I modified parts of the script, at the start and then at the end, to print different messages. And, surprise, the message shown up on both terminals. But still, same difference between &lt ; and <. I'm confused... How to explain that behavior? I'm working on a OSX 10.8 (Mountain Lion) EDIT: OK, there is one big difference: the shell below uses ruby 1.9.3, while above is 1.8.7. Is there any known difference in string handling between the two versions ?

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• MBR seems to be gone

  - by bobobobo

  So, horror story for everyone. I bought two spanking new HDD's. MM!! Gbitage. I removed all my old HDD's, physically labelled them, and was preparing to install all new HDD's (fresh sys install included!) To make sure what HDD was what, I popped each OLD HDD (data filleD!) into a Thermaltake Blacx toaster.. surprisingly BOTH couldn't be read. I didn't have static on my hands! I'm certain of it. I touched metal, touched wood, before beginning this all. Thinking that was strage, I hauled up the new sys, installed Win XP (of course!) on the new HDD, and now the two OLD HDD's (data filled!) that were entered into the toaster cannot be read. And they had tons of data on them. I read about MBR's being nuked and it sounds like that is what it is. But I'm at a loss what to do. There are so many MBR recovery programs out there, I kind of feel overwhelmed. I don't want to lose my data by just pikcing one, yet it seems so close within reach, I'm not panicking anymore.. Anybody have a play by play that I could follow? I just don't want to spend $900 on data recovery centers if I can do this myself..

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• Windows 7: Dual Monitor Issue

  - by sdoca

  I have a Dell laptop with a docking station and two external monitors hooked up. I'm running Windows 7 64 bit. Originally, the two monitors were the same - Dell 1908FP. I have replaced one of them with an HP LA2405. I have set the HP 24" (1920 x 1200 connected via DVI port) as montior 1 and extended to use the Dell 19" (12080 x 1024 connected via VGA port) as monitor 2. I have set my power plan so that when the laptop is plugged in, it will turn the monitors off after 10 minutes, but it will not put my laptop to sleep. However, now that I have the HP monitor, when I unlock my laptop and the monitors come back on, all my windows are resized and shifted to the top left corner of the HP monitor as if they had been resized for display on the smaller Dell monitor. A co-worker has the exact same laptop and monitor configuration but doesn't experience this issue, so I figure there's some configuration that's different but we can't find it. I haven't been able to find any mention of a similar problem doing an internet search, but I'm not really sure what terms to use in my search. Anybody have any suggestions as to what may be causing the issue? OS setting? Monitor setting? EDIT: My laptop is using the Intel Graphics and Media Control Panel/drivers.

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• Unnamed, hidden partitions on my 500 GB HD, HP Pavilion dm4 Laptop

  - by emotionull

  I have multiple doubts here. Its a Seagate 500GB 7200RPM HD. I had installed it few months back after my original Laptop HD stopped working. The current drives on my latop, as shown by the Windows Disk Management are: After installing the new HD, I had done a complete clean install of Windows 7 and I didn't create any parition myself, manually. So there are 4 drives. Even previously, before I installed this new HD, my laptop had 4 Partitions. But the there were no un-named partitions like the two in this case. The other two were HP tools and Recovery or something. It was pre-configured, Factory installed Windows. Also, now when I right cick on the unnamed Drives from Disk Management, all the options are greyed out (see image) except the delete partition image. So how do I know what's inside those partitions? Will it be ok if I delete them? I want install Ubuntu and dual boot it with my current windows installation. I cannot do it in current setup as there are already 4 partitions of my HD and if I will try to make a new partition, it will be a logical one (correct me if I am wrong here). So can I delete the un-named, hidden partitions and use them for Ubuntu? A bit unrelated question. As a backup option, can I use the Windows 7's Backup and Restore facility to keep a complete backup of all the drivers and system softwares.

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• Using multiple USB webcams in Linux

  - by rachelderp

  Running more than one USB webcam in Debian/Linux results in the the following error: libv4l2: error turning on stream: No space left on device VIDIOC_STREAMON: No space left on device What initially seemed to be a programming issue in OpenCV turned into a quest for a mysterious hardware/software problem after the same errors were produced by running cheese and xawtv. Apparently it's caused by webcams requesting all the available bandwidth on the USB host controller. With that in mind I decided to run wireshark and capinfos to see just how much bandwidth a single camera used. 4 megabits per second at 320x240 14 megabits per second at 640x480 32 megabits per second at 1920x1080 Interesting! That might explain why two cameras at 320x240 work but any higher resolution fails. It's as if my USB controller is only operating at USB 1 speeds, yet lsusb shows both webcams belonging to a device which supposedly supports 480 megabits per second. One solution proposed forcing the webcams to calculate their bandwidth usage instead of requesting their maximum by running the following commands: sudo rmmod uvcvideo sudo modprobe uvcvideo quirks=128 Unfortunately that made no difference, so I decided to try another solution. A post on StackOverflow suggested telling my webcams to use a lower FPS or compressed video format like MJPEG, but after running v4lctl list it doesn't appear either of my webcams support changing their video mode. And that's where I'm stuck. Why would two webcams operating well below the maximum speed of USB 2 would produce this error? ps: It's not a disk space issue, df displays no change when the webcams are started. pps: If it makes a difference, here's the output of lsusb

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• HP/IBM alternative to Buffalo iSCSI TerraStation?

  - by Robin Day

  I'm looking at virtualising some of our infrastructure in order to allow for more resiliance and future expandability. We have successfully virtualised on single servers with Direct Attached Storage and are now looking for a more future proof solution using a high powered host (or two) and a SAN (or two). I'm thinking that the host machine will probably be an HP ProLiant DL360 G7 (all of our exisiting infrastructure is HP). Unfortunately, I am new to the world of SANs. From what I can see, the Buffalo Terrastation III is all I would need in order to setup an iSCSI SAN for VMWare to use. However, I'm a little reticent to go that way as it's a bit too "entry level" for my liking. In particular I would be very keen for more redundancy, power, networking, etc. I'm also very aware that you "get what you pay for". Therefore, can anyone reccommend equivalents from the big boys? HP/IBM? I have searched high and low on the HP site and seen many options but am struggling to work out if it is all the hardware I will need. Some options appear to need separate controllers from disk enclosures, etc.

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• Replicated filesystem and EC2 MySQL

  - by El Yobo

  I'm currently investigating migrating our infrastructure over to run on Amazon's EC2 and am trying to figure out the best way to set up a MySQL service. I'm leaning towards running our own MySQL instances, rather than going with Amazon's RDS, but am still considering the best approach for performance and cost on the instance itself. In order to have persistent data, the MySQL data needs to be on an EBS volume (with some form of striped RAID, e.g. RAID0 or RAID10) to improve persistence. However, EBS IO is limited by the network interface (gigabit, so a theoretical maximum of 128 MB/s), while the ephemeral volumes have no such problem. I did see a suggestion for running two MySQL servers on an instance, with a master running on the ephemeral disk (which we would also RAID) and a slave storing changes to an EBS volume, but this has some additional overhead and complexity (two servers). What I was imagining is using some form of replicated file system such that I could have a filesystem on top of a RAID0 of ephemeral volumes to maximise performance all changes from the above immediately replicated to another RAID1 volume backed by multiple EBS volumes to ensure no data loss The advantages of this would be best possible IO performance for the DB server; no network delay in IO decreased IO on EBS volumes (as all read IO will be done on the ephemeral volumes) so decreased cost good data security, as it's backed onto redundant EBS volumes However, I haven't seen an appropriate system to replicate all changes from one volume to the other; is there a filesystem, or any other approach, which will do this? The distributed file systems, e.g. GlusterFS, DRBD etc seem to focus on replicating disks between servers, can they be set up to do what I'm interested in here? I also haven't seen anything about other's taking this approach. Do I have a solution in need of a problem here (i.e. is performance good enough, so this whole idea is redundant)? Is there some flaw in the plan?

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• GIT and Django Projects

  - by Garfonzo

  I have two servers, a Dev server and a Production server. The Production server runs a live Django site, while the Dev server has a copy of the Django project. I use the Dev server to work on the Django site, make improvements, fix bugs, etc. Once I am satisfied with how the Dev version is working, I move the whole Django directory from the Dev server and replace the same directory on the Production server. The two servers are not on the same LAN so the process is not straight forward. There are a few issues with this that I am having so far. Moving the whole directory is laborious and time consuming If I only change a few files, it is even move tedious to replace a few files than the whole directory since the project is getting fairly large and I worry that I'll miss something I often run into permission issues after I've moved things It's super inefficient, and, due to lack of time, I haven't bothered figuring out a new method. Now it's just getting out of hand and i need to address the situation. I am thinking I need to move to a GIT repository for this process. But my question is how would I set this all up? Do I host the repository on the Production server, pull from the Dev server, do work, then commit? Then I would pull from the Production server (same server the repo is hosted on) to run the current working version? Do I host the repo on the Dev Server, pulling from the same server to do work on the repo, then pull a working version onto the Production server? Should I be hosting the repo on a different server than the Production server and the Dev server (a third server)? Are there any special considerations with Django and repos that I need to worry about? Thanks for the help :)

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• Fix elements within objects at their position? (Prevent movement when resizing)

  - by Skadier

  I would like to know if it is possible to fix elements at their absolute position within custom elements in InDesign CS5? I created a kind of speech bubble and I would like to place a stripline within this bubble to separate two content areas. Just a little scheme to show the desired layout as Pseudo-Markup :D <speech-bubble> <textbox>HEADER SECTION</textbox> <stripline> <textbox>Some other text</textbox> </speech-bubble> I created something like this but with two separate elements which aren't connected. So I have to select both of them in order to move the whole bubble. Then I tried to connect them using Object->Paths->Create linked path but then the stripline moves and the HEADER SECTION moves too. All in all I would like to have a speech bubble which can be resized in order to hold more text but it shouldn't make the HEADER_SECTION larger or move the stripline. Hope you understand what I mean :D Thanks in advance!

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• Upgrade to Q9550 or i7 920 on a budget?

  - by evan

  I'm planning to upgrade my computer and torn between maxing out the system I have or investing in the X58 architecture. I'm currently using a E6600 Core 2 Duo with 4GB of RAM (800mhz) on an Asus PK5-E motherboard which I built two years ago. My original plan was that one day I'd upgrade machine to 8GB (1066mhz, the max the PK5-E allows) and to the Core 2 QuadQ9550 to give the machine a good four years of life. However, that was before the i7 came out. I use my computer mainly for software development , which I do inside Virtual Machines, and the i7 seems ideal for that because it no longer is limited by the speed of the FSB? And when I looked into it, getting 8GB DDR3 RAM isn't much more expensive than the 8GB of DDR2 and the i7 920 is comparable in price to the Q9550, which doesn't make much sense to me? So the question is it worth swapping the motherboard out for around $250 and upgrading all three components or using that money on SSD or 10rpm drive for the existing system's OS/Apps/Virtual Machine drive? Or just put the $250 towards a completely new machine in a year or two? Would the i7 really give that much of boost compared to the Q9550 for what I'd be using it for? Thanks in advance for your input!!!

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• Verification of downloaded package with rpm

  - by moooeeeep

  I wanted to install a package on CentOS 6 via rpm (e.g., the current epel-release). EDIT: Of course I would always prefer the installation via yum but somehow I failed to get that specific package installed using this normal approach. As such, the EPEL/FAQ recommends Version 2. As I'm downloading the package through an insecure channel (http) I wanted to make sure that the integrity of the file is verified using information that is not provided with the downloaded file itself. Is this especially true for all of these approaches? I've seen various approaches to this on the internet: Version 1 rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm Version 2 rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm Version 3 wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm rpm --import https://fedoraproject.org/static/0608B895.txt rpm -K epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm rpm -i epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm I do not know rpm very well, so I wondered how they might differ? My guess (after reading the manpage) is that the first should only be used when the package is previously not installed, the second would additionally remove previous versions of the package after installation, the first two omit some verification steps before the actual installation that are done by rpm -K. So my main questions at this point are Are my guesses correct or am I missing something? Is the rpm --import ... implicitly done for the first two approaches as well, and if not, isn't it necessary to do so after all? Are these additional checks performed by rpm -K ... any relevant? What is the best (most secure, most reliable, most maintainable, ...) way of installing packages via rpm in general?

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• Stop Windows 7 from accessing or writing to hard drive unless "told" to by me? (More info inside...)

  - by Jeff

  A confusing question, perhaps, but bear with me. I have two internal HDDs set up in a RAID0 array which I use as mass storage. I access the drive very infrequently (once a day at most) and so I have set up Windows 7's power options to turn off idle disks after only 1 minute. This is fine, and the disks are turned off most of the time. However, I notice that Windows sometimes spins up the drives when I really, really don't want or need it to. This causes a 30 second delay as both drives spin up and lock up my system. Some examples of when this happens: 1) When I'm installing something using Windows Installer or Installshield; it seems to me as if they're using the drive with most available free space as the installer cache location... so my big RAID drive has to spin up! Most annoying. 2) Apparently, when I open a Java-based program which resides on my system drive and has nothing to do with my RAID drive! 3) At boot-up and shut-down time. At shutdown the drive spin up only for the computer to immediately shut down! Incredibly frustrating! I've already tried changing the letter of the drive, and at some points have removed the drive letter entirely, which solves the first two issues above. So my question (FINALLY!) is this: is there any way I can mark this drive as being for "storage only", so Windows basically does not see it at all until I actually invoke it somehow? Or is there any way I could set it up so that only specific programs have write access to it? For example, download managers, TeraCopy, etc. etc.? Basically I want it to be a "ghost drive" until I'm ready to use it and to stop Windows from spinning it up all the damn time! Thank you. :)

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• New router, slower internet connection?

  - by qwerty

  So, we just bought a new router a few hours ago, and it does work. However, for some reason the speed is just ridiculously slow (compared to before, at least)! If i run a test on speedtest.net i get the following results: http://i.imgur.com/68JyH.png which are pretty good. But for some reason it's like the connection just "hangs" for a second when i navigate to a site through the browser (have tried different browsers). It's not on all sites, it kind of happens randomly. I think the browser cache might be speeding some sites up, because if i visit a site that i HAVEN'T visited before (since i cleared my cache), it takes like two seconds (if not more) to open the site. If i have visited it, it opens directly (it barely loads). Not sure what to do, really. Any suggestions on what might speed it up? Any settings i can play with in the router settings? The router is of the brand Belkin. I'm not sure about the model though, it says "Belkin, Play Max Wireless Router" on the box? Thanks in advance! EDIT: Alright, it takes a lot more than two seconds. At least 3-4 depending on the site. Any suggestions?

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• Transfer iptables rules to another server (almost) real time

  - by MrShunz

  I'm running 2 cPanel servers with ConfigServer Security & Firewall plugin. One of the functions of the plugin is to block via iptables (temporarily and/or permanently) IPs which fail various authentications (POP3/IMAP, SMTP, FTP, webmail, mod_security and such). Now, i'd like to push those IP blocks to the border router to drop packets as soon as possible (and doing so protecting the other machines on the network). Keep in mind that after N failed logins IP is blocked for 5 minutes, then re-allowed. If multiple bans occours in an hour IP is blocked permanently and should be unlocked "by hand". So I need a near realtime solution. What I'm looking for is a better way than firing some cronjobs both on cPanels and border router to: dump the rules to file transfer the file to border router (via scp/sftp) load the rules from the file in the border router I'm aware that I will need some scripts to parse and modify the rules as cPanels have one ethernet interface and some aliases while border router has two ehternet interfaces and some loopbacks. All machines involved use Linux. EDIT as per @pjmorse comment. The plugin consists of a bunch of perl and config files. The part I'm intrested in is a process which scans logfiles (lfd) and installs iptables rules (and sends an alert email). Fact is, it upgrades quite often (one or two times a week) and itself is 7000 lines of perl so I'm not comfortable on tampering with it.

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