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• What is the difference between the Linux and Linux LVM partition type?

  - by ujjain

  Fdisk shows multiple partition types. What is the difference between choosing 83) Linux and 8e) Linux LVM? Choosing 83) Linux also works fine for using LVM, even creating a physical volume on /dev/sdb without a partition table works. Does picking a partition type in fdisk really matter? What is the difference in picking Linux or Linux LVM as partition type? [root@tst-01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): l 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 Command (m for help):

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• Dual Monitor setup issues between laptop and external led monitor

  - by Julian

  I have two challenges. Monitor will not connect to laptop through HDMI Watching HD video content causes the laptop to sometimes turn off expecially when I'm streaming from tekzilla.com Setup. I got my new HP 2311x LED LCD monitor this week and I have it running as the main monitor extended by the 15 inch screen on my Dell Studio 1558. Right now I have to connect the external monitor through VGA. For the HDMI connection issue. I suspect that either the appropriate drivers are not installed because I don't see any hdmi device in the device manager. I've checked and I don't see any hdmi specific drivers listed online. For the shut down issue, I suspect the laptop might be overheating. Not sure why it would. It never did that while I watched movies on my laptop's default screen. My Laptop Configuration: 15" led lcd screen at 1366 x 768 intel i5 processor integrated graphics card 4 GB DDR3 RAM 500 GB hard drive I've tried everything from switching the source on my monitor to hdmi to start up combinations and nothing has worked. What could be the issue and how do I solve it?

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• Windows Server 2008 backup VHD's - is it possible to mount/open in Windows 7?

  - by Simon

  Hi All, Is it possible to mount the VHD files created by the Windows Server 2008 backup utility onto a Windows 7 (release) client? Following an array failure I was very worried that there was a problem with both the backup sets on different USB drives as attaching the VHD to a Win 7 box did not show the expected structure (instead they behaved like unformatted disk space). Subsequently, I've attached the backup drive to a 2008r2 machine that I'd intended to be the replacement and the backup set can be browsed without issue (seemingly). When the new disks arrive I'll go through the recovery process and see where we are, but it looks promising so far. Is it simply the case that you can't take server created VHD's and mount them on desktop machines? (Rather than hyper-ventilating at the thought of years of lost photos and email, I'm now just mildly curious) Edit:One thing that has confused things is that the backup utility on Win7 is more restrictive about restoring from external devices than the equivilent on 2008r2. With r2, I can restore files 'from another server' and browse to external storage. Win7 only allows the back to be located on a network share. Once my box of new disks arrive and I've got something to restore onto, I'll move the smaller of the backup VHDs onto network storage reachable by Win7 and see if the VHD is readable. I haven't read up on the VHD process used by the backup app - I'm assuming it's a base VHD and differencing files used for incremental backups and that the restore app understands this. Finally: In retrospect the question should have been, 'can I restore a 2008r2 backup set via a Win 7 client' Thanks

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• Dealing with AVCHD. Any free software to extract or edit AVCHD video?

  - by Kelsey

  I have a Panasonic HDC-SD5 video carmera which records in HD format to a memory card. It also came with a DVD burner which burns this format to DVD which I need a blu-ray player to view. I can get about 30 min worth of video on 1 DVD. My problem is the software that comes with the camera is not very good at all so I am constantly just using the 'backup' feature in the included burner (connect drive to camera, push backup, and it spits out up to 4 DVDs worth of HD video). Now that I have the video backed up on DVD in the HD format (blu-ray), is there any free software that I can use to edit this video and create other HD DVD's with my own menus, transitions, etc? I was considering buying Pinnacle Studio but I wanted to exaust any free options before biting the bullet. Any suggestions for software I could use or anything else I could do to make dealing with this AVCHD format any easier that I am unaware of? Edit: Sorry forgot to include that I am running Windows Vista 64-bit. Edit: Still haven't found anything that is truely free. Everything has limitations by either time, watermark the video or degrade the quality. Edit: So I still haven't found really anything, so is there some software I can use to convert the video to another format that I then could use to edit the video?

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• mysqld refusing connections from localhost

  - by Dennis Rardin

  My mail server (Ubuntu 10.04) uses mysql for virtual domains, virtual users. For some reason, mysqld has started refusing connections from localhost. I see these in the mail server log: Oct 6 00:31:14 apollo postfix/trivial-rewrite[16888]: fatal: proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_domains.cf(0,lock|fold_fix): table lookup problem and: Oct 7 13:39:15 apollo postfix/proxymap[25839]: warning: connect to mysql server 127.0.0.1: Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 0 I also get the following in auth.log: Oct 6 22:33:31 apollo mysqld[31775]: refused connect from 127.0.0.1 Telnet to the local port: root@apollo:/var/log/mysql# telnet localhost 3306 Trying ::1... Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. root@apollo:/var/log/mysql# I am not sure why this started happening, but there was a disk failure in a RAID 1 pair a bit earlier that day. So it's possible I have a damaged config file or something. But mail was working for at least an hour after the drive event, so who knows for sure? phpmyadmin works fine, and the databases themselves look like they're intact. I think/believe that selinux and iptables are disabled and not running. So ... why is mysqld refusing connections from localhost? What should I check? What processes might cause this if a .conf file or possibly a binary was damaged? Which other log files might contain clues? I've enabled "general logging" in /etc/mysql/my.cnf, but I get no interesting or informative entries there. Thanks, m00tpoint

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• Apache taking up a lot of CPU while running request-tracker4

  - by bhowmik

  I am trying out a request-tracker installation on an EC2 micro instance. The specs for the micro instance are as follows 1) Ubuntu 12.04 64bit, 613MB RAM, 8GB Hard Drive 2) Running request-tracker 4.0.4 from the repository, perl 5.14.2, Apache2, MySQL5 3) Request-tracker4.0.4 running with mod_perl2 and Worker mpm 4) Apache configured with Worker MPM. Config snippet given below Timeout 150 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 60 KeepAliveTimeout 2 <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> Now when I start Apache2 it works fine for some time and after a while the CPU load shoots up to 99% or more. Usually it is one or more Apache processes doing this. I've tried a to modify the worker module configuration without any luck. The log files for both Apache2 and request-tracker4 are set to log debug messages and don't show anything to indicate what could be causing this. The system gets a maximum of 5 users at any given time and usually (90% of the time) it is just 2. I've just installed it and we only have 20 tickets in the database. I don't think its the memory thats causing the issue since the server isn't swapping or even close to it and I hardly see the memory usage go up. Would appreciate any pointers on how to go about troubleshooting this. In case it helps I've also tried this out a similar installation on a small instance (Identical settings except RAM bumped upto 1.7GB) and I still see the issue.

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• How can I set the CD audio volume in Linux?

  - by user1296362

  In Windows 7 Control Panel - Sound - Sound Properties window there's an slider for setting CD Audio volume: And it's pretty strange that I can't find corresponding one in generic Linux mixers: alsamixer or amixer. I connected a CD drive to try to set CD audio volume with cdcd (CD Player): $ cdcd setvol 0 Invalid volume It isn't actually an invalid volume, it is because ioctl() call fails. I found that out after searching and changing a bit the source code of this utility (in the libcdaudio): --- cdaudio.c.orig 2004-09-09 06:26:20.000000000 +0600 +++ cdaudio.c 2012-05-30 21:34:34.167915521 +0600 @@ -578,8 +578,10 @@ cdvol_data.CDVOLCTRL_BACK_RIGHT_SELECT = CDAUDIO_MAX_VOLUME; #endif - if(ioctl(cd_desc, CDAUDIO_SET_VOLUME, &cdvol) < 0) - return -1; + if(ioctl(cd_desc, CDAUDIO_SET_VOLUME, &cdvol) < 0) { + printf("*** cd_set_volume: ioctl() returned error\n"); + return -1; + } return 0; } By the way cdcd's get volume command yields rather weird output: Left Right Front 1281734864 32767 Back 0 0 Also I tried aumix: $ aumix -c 0 But all with no success. I read from this manual — http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Alsa-sound-6.html (section 6.2 The mixer) that CD channel can present in amixer output. Maybe some drivers for sound card are missing in my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS installation. Though I don't think it's the case: $ lsmod | grep snd snd_mixer_oss 22602 0 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32474 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek 223867 1 snd_hda_intel 33773 4 snd_hda_codec 127706 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13668 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97188 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61896 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq snd 78855 19 snd_mixer_oss,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep ,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm All I need is just mute or set to 0 volume level of CD Audio channel, like I did in Windows 7, to get rid of sibilant noise in the speakers.

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• Windows 8 folder to folder sync software

  - by Danny

  I'm looking for direct folder to folder synchronization in Windows 8. I was previously using Live Mesh to accomplish this, but now it looks like that is no longer an option. Note that I'm talking about direct folder to folder sync between different computers, not syncing to the cloud. I'm aware of products like Google Drive, SkyDrive, Dropbox, etc. The problem with them is the space limitation. Basically, I was syncing important files before between my desktop and all of my laptops. One folder for example is My Pictures. This folder has almost 40 gigs of files, which is why the options listed above are not going to work for me. Just need direct syncing, nothing stored on the cloud. I was told by a Microsoft employee that SkyDrive would be replacing Mesh and would provide all the same functionality. So far this looks to be completely false, since the ability to remote desktop is gone along with folder to folder sync. Unless I'm just missing something?

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• Windows XP Setup Fails to Recognize USB Floppy after formatting AHCI disk

  - by Strahn

  I am attempting to install Windows XP Professional x64 onto a HP EliteBook 8540w. I have downloaded both the latest Intel Rapid Storage Technology drivers and the Intel Storage Matrix drivers that are listed on HPs website and copied the drivers over to a floppy disk (two separate floppies, one for each version of the drivers.) Booting to my WinXP Pro x64 install CD, I go through the F6 process, load the driver and am able to see my HDD, delete, create and format partitions on it. When I go to continue the install, after checking the disk, the system asks me to enter the disk labeled "Intel Rapid Storage Technology" and press enter to continue. Nothing happens at this point when I press enter. This happens if I use the latest drivers or the older drivers. We have created a slipstreamed install CD using nLite that has the AHCI drivers integrated, which installs fine. However, we have identified a number of issues with the system that I believe are side-effects of using nLite for the slipstreaming and I am attempting to verify that. I have researched this issue and found a few examples of others having the same problem, but no solution. The USB floppy is a Lacie branded floppy, connecting it to a working XP workstation shows it to be the Y-E Data USB floppy drive that is supposedly 100% compatible with XP per MS KB 916196.

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• Fast distributed filesystem for a large amounts of data with metadata in database

  - by undefined hero

  My project uses several processing machines and one storage machine. Currently storage organized with a MSSQL filetable shared folder. Every file in storage have some metadata in database. Processing machines executes tasks for which they needed files from storage and their metadata. After completing task, processing machine puts resulting data back in storage. From there its taken by another processing machine, which also generates some file and put it back in storage. And etc. Everything was fine, but as number of processing machines increases, I found myself bottlenecked myself with storage machines hard drive performance. So I want processing machines to put files in distributed FS. to lift load from storage machines, from which they can take data from each other, not only storage machine. Can You suggest a particular distributed FS which meets my needs? Or there is another way to solve this problem, without it? Amounts of data in FS in one time are like several terabytes. (storage can handle this, but processors cannot). Data consistence is critical. Read write policy is: once file is written - its constant and may be only removed, but not modified. My current platform is Windows, but I'm ready to switch it, if there is a substantially more convenient solution on another one.

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• USB 3.0 hard disk not detected on a particular host controller?

  - by Alvin Wong

  I have a USB 3.0 hard disk which has always been working on my desktop with an XHCI. Now I just bought a notebook with an XHCI (something with Intel's Ivy Bridge setup). The first time I plug the hard disk in its 3.0 port it is detected and working. A few hours later I try to connect it again, but seems that the notebook just ignored it! The light on the hard disk didn't blink as usual (instead it is hold at on). I then tested it with my desktop again and it is working perfectly. It gets trickier when I plug it in the USB 2.0 port of that notebook it is detected and working perfectly (despite the slower speed). Then I try to plug in an USB 2.0 USB flash drive to that USB 3.0 port, and it is detected (of course as USB 2.0). So, there are two USB 3.0 ports on my notebook's XHCI. Both of them are not working with my hard disk but working perfectly fine with my USB 2.0 UFD. What's wrong with it? When I plug in the hard disk, device manager doesn't change. I've tried re-installing the driver for the XHCI, but it changes nothing. Had I broke the USB 3.0-specific pins of both USB 3.0 ports?

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• Disabling Laptop (PB TJ-75) faulty card reader Linux

  - by Gab

  My problem comes from that my laptop [PB TJ-75] has a faulty Alcor card reader. It’s 100% sure, the device is dead and unusable whatever the OS is. It cannot be disabled in BIOS [latest: Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD Version: V1.26 Release Date: 05/04/2010]. If I could take it apart from the main board easily, and if with that, the system would never look again for it, I’ll be very happy! Is it possible, has anyone ever tried this? Or maybe, replacing the BIOS with a more open one, which let you disable the card reader. Does this exists? Here's what I've tried to disable it so far. In Win7, I choose ‘disable’ in device manager and that’s ok. If not, the device keeps on appearing and disappearing and lot of resources are used. In Lubuntu 13.04, I got extra boot time, with the msg:'sdb, assuming drive cache, etc.’ I tried other distros (isos booted by grub). I can boot Puppy, Gparted, and Redobackup apparently without any problem. I cannot boot Debian, live or install + tried Crunchbang and Tails. I got a loop :’usb device, scsi n+1 blabla‘. I tried "nousb", no result, I have blacklisted EHCI, no result, then usb_storage module, better boot time in Lubuntu, with just the message "...data transfer failed", better shutdown time too. But, no way to use usb storage medias. In Debian, it ends with BusyBox prompt. Is it possible to just disable that Alcor card reader? Does it have a specific module? Is there a special kernel boot option that I missed? Does it have something to do with kernel recompiling, and if yes, how to do with isos? Programming a driver which says everything is ok (out of my comprehension for the moment)? Disabling device by vendor id? What is the best way?

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• Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio causing system freeze

  - by CRoshanLG

  I'm experiencing very slow response from MSSMS and it causes other applications to slow down. Specially Skype crashes after few seconds from opening MSSMS, showing an error called "Disk I/O Error". I'm regularly using few applications (Sublime text, MS Word, Firefox, Outlook, Skype and one or two other apps) simultaneously. The system works fine when MSSMS is not in use! But as soon as MSSMS is opened, all the apps start to freeze (MSSMS also responds very slow). This problem has been there for about a week now (I haven't installed any apps or haven't made any changes to the system during that time). -- System Specifications -- Processor: Core i3 (3.1 GHz) RAM: 4 GB OS: Windows 7 Professional (64 bit) Free space in C drive: ~ 100 GB MS SQL Server 2008 R2 Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio version - 10.50.1600.1 I've tried to find a reason for this but there are no helpful information in the web! There are some solutions suggested (in forums and in Skype Support pages) for the Skypes' "Disk I/O Error", all of which I tried but does not solve the problem. Has anyone faced the same senario? (and hopefully) knows a solution? Systems Log I don't have much knowledge in interpreting the System Log, but I think the Critical and Warnings are not helpful. But there are lots of Error logs which might be useful. In source Kernal-General there are few similar errors saying "An I/O operation initiated by the Registry failed unrecoverably.The Registry could not flush hive (file): <some file>" In source atapi also there are few similar errors -- "The driver detected a controller error on \Device\Ide\IdePort0." (all errors has occurred in 'IdePort0') In Application Error, there are several errors logged, and following is the latest one. Both the Errors which has occurred today is similar (to this one). As it is from Ssms.exe, I guess this is relevant to the cause of problem. But as I said above I can't understand what it means!

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• Are there cloud network drives that let users lock files or mark them as "in use"?

  - by Brandon Craig Rhodes

  Having spent several hours reading about the features and limitations of services like DropBox and Jungle Disk and the hundreds of competitors they seem to have (as though everyone with an AWS account these days goes ahead and writes a file sharing application just for fun), I have yet to find one that would let a team of people at a small business collaborate without stepping all over each other's toes. At a small business there are often many small documents per project — estimates, contracts, project plans, budgets — and team members frequently have to open and edit them, with all sorts of problems happening if two people edit a file at once. Even if a sharing service is smart enough to keep both versions of the file created, most small-business software (like word processors, spreadsheets, estimating software, or billing systems) has no way to compare — much less to merge! — the changes in two rival versions of a file that two people edited at the same time without each other's knowledge. So, my question: are their cloud-based file sharing solutions that not only provide a virtual network drive that people can access, but that also let users lock files — even if it's not a real lock but just a flag or indicator — that could possibly prevent remote workers from both editing the same file at once? Having one person wait for another person to finish editing is a very, very small inconvenience compared to the hour or more than it can take to compare two estimates by hand until you find and resolve the rival changes. Given this fact, I am surprised that almost none of the popular file sharing solutions seem to recognize this problem and provide some solution! Does anyone know of a service that does?

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• Backing up SQL NetApp Snapshots using TSM

  - by WerkkreW

  In our environment we have a 3 node SQL 2005 Cluster which is on NetApp storage. We are currently using SMSQL (NetApp SnapManager for SQL) to take Snapshot backups of the data. This works great, but due to some audit requirements we are also forced to maintain some copies on tape. We have used NDMP in other places across the enterprise but we do not want to use it in this specific instance. Basically what I need to do is, get the most recent snapshot copy of the databases on tape, via Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM). What I have done is, obtained a basic Windows Server 2003 VM with SnapDrive installed, which is SAN attached and zoned to the NetApp, and I have written a batch file to do the following: Mount the latest __RECENT snapshot lun to the host, using a specific drive letter Perform a TSM based incremental backup Dis-mount the LUN This seems to work fine, except sometimes the LUN's do not mount due to some sort of timeout. Also, due to my limited knowledge of windows batch scripting, I have no way to monitor the success or failure of these backups since I do not know how to send a valid return code back to the TSM scheduling service. Is there a more efficient/elegant way to accomplish this without NDMP?

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• How come my Intel 520 180GB SSD performs extremely poorly?

  - by Willem

  I recently installed a new Intel 520 series 180GB SSD in my brand new MacBook Pro. The system is as follows: Model: MacBook Pro 15-inch, Late 2011 (MacBookPro8,2) Processor: 2.4 GHz Intel Core i7 Memory: 16 GB 1333 MHz DDR3 Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 6770M 1024 MB Software: Mac OS X Lion 10.7.3 Main Drive Bay: Intel 520-series 180GB SATA-3 (6GB/s negotiated link) SSD (Firmware: 400i) [80GB free] Optical Bay: Toshiba 5400 RPM 750GB SATA-2 HDD Trim: Enabled (according to Trim Enabler App) And here are the speeds I'm getting: Read: 412 MB/s Write: 186 MB/s What have I done wrong? Results expected: Read/write both 500MB/s I have seen benchmarks with lesser SSD:s (SATA-2 even) outperform my write-speeds by far. Also, Intel 520 SSD:s are supposed to be the top class of SSD:s. Trim Enabler report: This looks a bit odd compared to screenshots from their site: These is the defined S.M.A.R.T attributes (taken from Intel): And here are my S.M.A.R.T attributes read using smartctl tool from smartmontools: They don't seem very compatible. I'm going to try and look for a S.M.A.R.T attributes reader tool for OS X which might support Intel 520 series.

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• Finding a shared HDD attached to the network from my F-13 machine

  - by Ramy

  Sorry for the slew of n00bie questions, but here is one more. I recently partitioned my 1.5TB harddrive according to this question I then bought this to attach the harddrive to my network. The problem is, how do I navigate to the hard drive to move files over the network to the HDD. should this be moved to serverfault? update: the disk isn't even showing up when i call "fdisk -l" (as root). How can I mount it if I can't even find it? [root@Moonface ~]# /sbin/fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00018598 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 19458 155777024 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/dm-0: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 4764 MB, 4764729344 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 579 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-2: 101.0 GB, 101032394752 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12283 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-2 doesn't contain a valid partition table

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• Optimizing Disk I/O & RAID on Windows SQL Server 2005

  - by David

  I've been monitoring our SQL server for a while, and have noticed that I/O hits 100% every so often using Task Manager and Perfmon. I have normally been able to correlate this spike with SUSPENDED processes in SQL Server Management when I execute "exec sp_who2". The RAID controller is controlled by LSI MegaRAID Storage Manager. We have the following setup: System Drive (Windows) on RAID 1 with two 280GB drives SQL is on a RAID 10 (2 mirroed drives of 280GB in two different spans) This is a database that is hammered during the day, but is pretty inactive at night. The DB size is currently about 13GB, and is used by approximately 200 (and growing) users a day. I have a couple of ideas I'm toying around with: Checking for Indexes & reindexing some tables Adding an additional RAID 1 (with 2 new, smaller, HDs) and moving the SQL's Log Data File (LDF) onto the new RAID. For #2, my question is this: Would we really be increasing disk performance (IO) by moving data off of the RAID 10 onto a RAID 1? RAID 10 obviously has better performance than RAID 1. Furthermore, SQL must write to the transaction logs before writing to the database. But on the flip side, we'll be reducing both the size of the disks as well as the amount of data written to the RAID 10, which is where all of the "meat" is - thereby increasing that RAID's performance for read requests. Is there any way to find out what our current limiting factor is? (The drives vs. the RAID Controller)? If the limiting factor is the drives, then maybe adding the additional RAID 1 makes sense. But if the limiting factor is the Controller itself, then I think we're approaching this thing wrong. Finally, are we just wasting our time? Should we instead be focusing our efforts towards #1 (reindexing tables, reducing network latency where possible, etc...)?

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• Cannot install CentOS 6.5 using UEFI usb boot

  - by Vaindil

  I am trying to dual-boot CentOS 6.5 on my desktop that is currently running Windows 8.1. I have two storage devices: an SSD that has my Windows installation, and an HDD that has all of my data. Both are formatted using GPT, and Windows boots using UEFI. I used the CentOS 6.5 live DVD (CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso) to create an EFI-bootable flash drive (it does boot properly in EFI mode). I receive an error, however, when CentOS is booting (error is below). I have a 6.4 boot DVD which boots as expected, but it does not boot in UEFI mode and therefore doesn't play nicely with my Windows installation (I have no way to access it, even using rEFInd or any other similar tools). What do I need to do to get the device to boot properly in UEFI mode? Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 Call Trace: [<ffffffff815271fa>] ? panic+0xa7/0x16f [<ffffffff81077622>] ? do_exit+0x862/0x870 [<ffffffff8118a865>] ? fput+0x25/0x30 [<ffffffff81077688>] ? do_group_exit+0x58/0xd0 [<ffffffff81077717>] ? sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20 [<ffffffff8100b072>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b drm_kms_helper: panic occurred, switching back to text console

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• Scheduling Automatic Backups for Virtual Private Web Server running CENTOS 6.3 and WHM

  - by Oliver Farrell

  I'm pretty new to administering my own VPS - but thus far am finding it quite a compelling experience. There's something quite refreshing about having complete control over everything it does. One thing that I would like to look at is a suitable backup solution (a few times a day). My current setup is as follows: I'm running a CENTOS 6.3 VPS with a single 25GB hard drive solely for the purpose of hosting websites. I'm using WHM & cPanel for administering them. I now plan on adding an additional hard disk and hooking it up to my VPS. What I'm not sure about is how I get the two disks talking and get the backup process going. I'm not a seasons SSH-er so don't really know where to start. I'm hosting with Serverlove (one of the best hosting providers I've used) and am provided with a number of unique identifiers for each hard disk so I imagine these may play a part in linking them together. I appreciate that this is a little vague (I'm clutching at straws) but any assistance is very much appreciated.

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• Is it possible to boot Windows 7 from when you're harddrive's partition with two OSes?

  - by Muhammad

  I have a PC with a hard drive that's partition into home directories for Windows 7 and Ubuntu. I primarily use Windows 7 and occasionally (once a week) use Ubuntu. When I boot up my computer, I usually get taken to a boot menu that includes about 5 different options: 3 are for Ubuntu's configurations, one's for swap, and the forth is for Windows 7. Then after I select Windows 7 or Ubuntu from this menu, I get taken to another menu that again asks me for Windows 7 or Ubuntu. This time, there's only 2 options, Windows 7 and Ubuntu. [Side note: out of experience I realized most boot menus are timed and so are these.] So if I ever turn my computer on without actually sitting in front of it for a few minutes, it boots into Ubuntu. I'm trying to figure out what I need to do so I can first get rid of the 2 boot menus. And if possible, I'm looking for help changing my boot options where I can load up Windows 7 (even with the boot menu wait of about 30 seconds). My harddrive's partition's laid out like this: Windows 7 (C partition) Multimedia (D partition, I just use this for backup/non-OS stuff) Ubuntu (home directory) Swap Is there any other information I need to provide?

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• Hardware issue: computer plays beep sounds at startup, and then turns off

  - by Darkkurama

  Turns out that after moving, my computer got damaged somehow. I installed my computer 2 days ago. I didn't check the state of the hardware parts and turned the pc on recklessly, not realizing that the cpu fan was dettached from the cpu. After this I reattached the fan. The computer worked kind of faulty after that, because at the time of startup, it would play a long beep (different from the normal beep) and won't display anything. I tried restarting after this incident and it got fixed (don't know how, but it did), and I was even able to play some videogames for some hours (more than 5). This morning I tried to get this issue sorted out by checking again the cpu and in general, the connections, and for my surprise, at the time of turning it on again, the computer wouldn't boot at all. I reapplied some thermal paste to the cpu and fan, but got no results (I did this because the old paste was very badly distributted along the surface of both cpu and fan). Now every time I turn it on, the computer acts randomly: sometimes at startup, it plays a long continous beep and then turns off. one time it played a long continous beep and got to the windows password input screen, but then it turned off More frequently, I turn it on and after some seconds, it turns off without any sound. You can check this video I recorded, which features how the computer behaves most of the time Another one I tried troubleshoting it myself by disconnecting my graphic card, rams, HDD and even the cpu and its fan with no result. Computer specs: Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 processor, Nvidia xfx gtx 260 black edition, 4 GB ram, 500 GB hard drive, Windows 7 64 bit

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• GRUB reporting wrong partition type

  - by plok

  It all started when I had to replace one of the disks that the software RAID 1 on this machine currently uses. From that moment on I have not been able to boot to the Windows XP that is installed on the fourth hard drive, /dev/sdd. I am almost positive that the problem is related not to Windows but to GRUB, as if I unplug all the other hard drives so that the Windows XP disk is now /dev/sda it boots with no problem. The problem seems to be that GRUB detects a wrong partition type, which I understand suggest that something is really messed up. This is what I get when I try to follow the steps that until now had worked like a charm: grub> map (hd0) (hd3) grub> map (hd3) (hd0) grub> root (hd3,0) Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd 0xfd? That doesn't make sense. /dev/sdb and sdc are 0xfd (Linux raid), but not /dev/sdd: edel:~# fdisk -l [...] Disk /dev/sdd: 250.0 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00048d89 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 * 1 30400 244187968+ 7 HPFS/NTFS edel:/boot/grub# cat device.map (hd0) /dev/sda (hd1) /dev/sdb (hd2) /dev/sdc (hd3) /dev/sdd I have been trying to work this out for hours, to no avail. Can anyone point me in the right direction?

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• Access Denied on Some Subfolders/Files Within a Share

  - by Tim

  First thing this morning, I find that users on one of our share drives are all getting "access denied". I tried the same drive and also received "access denied" as a Domain Admin. Previous to this, all specified users and admins could get access. I checked share permissions I checked NTFS permissions I temporarily made both types of permissions read/write to "Everyone" -- This worked for one user It turns out that this is occurring for only some files/folders. When I try to manually alter the share of that single share, it can't be shared, access denied. xcacls also gets access denied rebooted the server (not a big deal - this is a smallish company). Does anybody have any insight, my google-fu is coming up blank. Thanks. EDIT: More info, I just ran AccessEnum. There were a lot of "access denied", but I noticed the pattern that all of the access denied had a parent with an owner of "???". When I look at the properties, the "Unable to display owner" message is in the box and I can only make my user account the owner. I can then share the individual file/folder, but it doesn't seem to propogate down to subfolders/files.

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• Backing up Excel Files to a different Directory

  - by Joe Taylor

  In Excel 2007 in the Save As box there is an option to 'Create a Backup' which simply backs up the file whenever it is saved. Unfortunately it backs up the file to the same directory as the original. Is there a simple way to change this directory to another drive / folder? I have messed about with macros to do this, coming up with: Private Sub Workbook_BeforeClose(Cancel As Boolean) 'Private Sub Workbook_BeforeSave(ByVal SaveAsUI As Boolean, Cancel As Boolean) 'Saves the current file to a backup folder and the default folder 'Note that any backup is overwritten Application.DisplayAlerts = False ActiveWorkbook.SaveCopyAs Filename:="T:\TEC_SERV\Backup file folder - DO NOT DELETE\" & _ ActiveWorkbook.Name ActiveWorkbook.Save Application.DisplayAlerts = True End Sub This creates a backup of the file ok the first time, however if this is tried again I get: Run-Time Error '1004'; Microsoft Office Excel cannot access the file 'T:\TEC_SERV\Backup file folder - DO NOT DELETE\Test Macro Sheet.xlsm. There are several possible reasons: The file name or path does not exist The file is being used by another program The workbook you are trying to save has the same name as a... I know the path is correct, I also know that the file is not open anywhere else. The workbook has the same name as the one I'm trying to save over but it should just overwrite. I have posted the question about the coding on Stack Overflow but wondered if there is an easier way to do this. Any help would be much appreciated. Joe

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