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• How (recipe) to build only one kernel module?

  - by Pro Backup

  I have a bug in a Linux kernel module that causes the stock Ubuntu 14.04 kernel to oops (crash). That is why I want to edit/patch the source of only that single kernel module to add some extra debug output. The kernel module in question is mvsas and not necessary to boot. For that reason I don't see any need to update any initrd images. I have read a lot of information (as shown below) and find the setup and build process confusion. I need two recipes: to setup/configure the build environment once steps to do after editing any source file of this kernel module (.c and .h) and converting that edit into a new kernel module (.ko) The sources that have been used are: build one kernel module - Google search http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-kernel-70/rebuilding-a-single-kernel-module-595116/ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8744087/how-to-recompile-just-a-single-kernel-module http://www.pixelbeat.org/docs/rebuild_kernel_module.html How do I build a single in-tree kernel module? http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1153067 http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2112166 http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1115593 build one kernel module ubuntu - Google search 'make +single +kernel +module' - Ask Ubuntu 'make +kernel +module' - Ask Ubuntu My makefile results in: No rule to make target `arch/x86/tools/relocs.c', needed '"Invalid module format"' - Ask Ubuntu Driver installation: compiling source code for newer kernel Modprobe: 'Invalid nodule format', yet works after insmod "Symbol version dump" "is missing" - Google search http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9425523/should-i-care-that-the-symbol-version-dump-is-missing-how-do-i-get-one Where can I find the corresponding Module.symvers and .config files for 12.04.3 i386 server? "no symbol version for module_layout" when trying to load usbhid.ko Broken links inside Linux header file folder 'make modules_install' - Ask Ubuntu 'modules_install' - Ask Ubuntu Empty build directory in custom compiled kernel Not able to see pr_info output In which directory are the kernel source files and how can I recompile it? How can I compile and install that patched libata-eh.c file? 'modules_install +depmod' - Ask Ubuntu modules_install depmod - Google search "make modules_install" - Google search http://www.csee.umbc.edu/courses/undergraduate/CMSC421/fall02/burt/projects/howto_build_kernel.html http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/20864/what-happens-in-each-step-of-the-linux-kernel-building-process https://wiki.ubuntu.com/KernelCustomBuild http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/build-linux-kernel-module-against-installed-kernel-source-tree.html http://www.linuxforums.org/forum/kernel/170617-solved-make-modules_install-different-path.html "make prepare" - Google search "make prepare" "scripts/kconfig/conf --silentoldconfig Kconfig" - Google search http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1963515 ubuntu "make prepare" version - Google search http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8276245/how-to-compile-a-kernel-module-against-a-new-source https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Kernel/Compile How do I compile a kernel module? How to add a custom driver to my kernel? Compile and loading kernel module without compiling the kernel

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• Configure IPv6 on your Linux system (Ubuntu)

  After the presentation on IPv6 at the first event of the Emtel Knowledge Series and some recent discussion on social media networks with other geeks and Linux interested IT people here in Mauritius, I thought that I should give it a try (finally) and tweak my local network infrastructure. Honestly, I have been to busy with contractual project work and it never really occurred to me to set up IPv6 in my LAN. Well, the following paragraphs are going to shed some light on those aspects of modern computer and network technology. This is the first article in a series on IPv6 configuration: Configure IPv6 on your Linux system DHCPv6: Provide IPv6 information in your local network Enabling DNS for IPv6 infrastructure Accessing your web server via IPv6 Piece of advice: This is based on my findings on the internet while reading other people's helpful articles and going through a couple of man-pages on my local system. Let's embrace IPv6 The basic configuration on Linux is actually very simple as the kernel, operating system, and user-space programs support that protocol natively. If your system is ready to go for IP (aka: IPv4), then you are good to go for anything else. At least, I didn't have to install any additional packages on my system(s). We are going to assign a static IPv6 address to the system. Hence, we have to modify the definition of interfaces and check whether we have an inet6 entry specified. Open your favourite text editor and check the following entries (it should be at least similar to this): $ sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0# IPv4 configurationiface eth0 inet static  address 192.168.1.2  network 192.168.1.0  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255# IPv6 configurationiface eth0 inet6 static  pre-up modprobe ipv6  address 2001:db8:bad:a55::2  netmask 64 Of course, you might have to adjust your interface device (eth0) or you might be interested to have multiple directives for additional devices (eth1, eth2, etc.). The auto instruction takes care that your device is enabled and configured during the booting phase. The use of the pre-up directive depends on your kernel configuration but in most scenarios this might be an optional line. Anyways, it doesn't hurt to have it enabled after all - just to be on the safe side. Next, either restart your network subsystem like so: $ sudo service networking restart Or you might prefer to do it manually with identical parameters, like so: $ sudo ifconfig eth0 inet6 add 2001:db8:bad:a55::2/64 In case that you're logged in remotely into your PC (ie. via ssh), it is highly advised to opt for the second choice and add the device manually. You can check your configuration afterwards with one of the following commands (depends on whether it is installed): $ sudo ifconfig eth0eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:21:5a:50:d7:94            inet addr:192.168.160.2  Bcast:192.168.160.255  Mask:255.255.255.0          inet6 addr: fe80::221:5aff:fe50:d794/64 Scope:Link          inet6 addr: 2001:db8:bad:a55::2/64 Scope:Global          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1 $ sudo ip -6 address show eth03: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qlen 1000    inet6 2001:db8:bad:a55::2/64 scope global        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::221:5aff:fe50:d794/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever In both cases, it confirms that our network device has been assigned a valid IPv6 address. That's it in general for your setup on one system. But of course, you might be interested to enable more services for IPv6, especially if you're already running a couple of them in your IP network. More details are available on the official Ubuntu Wiki. Continue to configure your network to provide IPv6 address information automatically in your local infrastructure.

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• Can Flash games packed for iOS and other mobile devices achieve reasonable performance?

  - by puppybeard

  I was thinking of developing a game in Flash, as a hobby/educational project. However, I was hoping I could make it run on a smartphone, but a friend who develops in Flash says that in their experience things will move really slow on the likes of an iPad when the Flash packager is used. So slowly that you can't use it commercially for fast-moving games. Has anyone else experienced this slowness? Is there a way around it or is the technology just not there yet?

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• What are the tools, programming languages and development processes of AAA games?

  - by Pan.student

  Only thing I am able to find about "big" games like ac, hl, bf, cod is engine used to run the game. But I am interested in what software development methodology, programming and scripting languages were used. As well as tools for creating models, music, animations and other media. Further, were the team team organisations and so on for a certain game (or game series). Is this information even available to the public?

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• Should developers make their games easier with new versions?

  - by Gil Kalai

  It seems that the game Angry Birds is becoming gradually easier with new versions. Maybe so people get the illusion of progress and satisfaction of breaking new records? I would like to know if gradual small modifications of games to enhance the sense of improvement and learning by users is known/common/standard practice in game developing. (I don't mean to say that there is anything wrong with such a practice.)

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• Will we see a trend of stereoscopic 3D games coming up in the near future?

  - by Vish

  I've noticed that the trend of movies is diving into the world of movies with 3-dimensional camera.For me it provoked a thought as if it was the same feeling people got when they saw a colour movie for the first time, like in the transition from black and white to colour it is a whole new experience. For the first time we are experiencing the Z(depth) factor and I really mean when I said "experiencing". So my question is or maybe if not a question, but Is there a possibility of a genre of 3d camera games upcoming?

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• Is the TCP protocol good enough for real-time multiplayer games?

  - by kevin42

  Back in the day, TCP connections over dialup/ISDN/slow broadband resulted in choppy, laggy games because a single dropped packet resulted in a resync. That meant a lot of game developers had to implement their own reliability layer on top of UDP, or they used UDP for messages that could be dropped or received out of order, and used a parallel TCP connection for information that must be reliable. Given the average user has faster network connections now, can a real time game such as an FPS give good performance over a TCP connection?

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• (Where) Can I learn creating art for my 2D games?

  - by Poorly paid coder

  I'm currently bad at drawing. If I want to create something looking acceptable, it usually takes me hours and hours to fiddle around just to get the basic looks right. I think that I'm not completely skill-less, I just lack simple drawing techniques.. Am I a hopeless case? Where is a good place to start out in drawing for 2D games? I'd like to be able to create acceptably good backgrounds, terrains / tilemaps, characters and weapons

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• How often should multiplayer games communicate with the server?

  - by Bane

  I once heard that Runescape "ticks" every 0.3s, and that seemed like a very long period of time, although Runescape is kind of a slow game. I'm building a more dynamic top-down shooter game, and I'm wandering, how often should I communicate with the server? ASAP, or every 0.1s? How do shooter games usually do it? Both the server and the client are written in Javascript, node.js and socket.io are being used.

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• Will we see a trend of "3d" games coming up in the near future?

  - by Vish

  I've noticed that the trend of movies is diving into the world of movies with 3-dimensional camera.For me it provoked a thought as if it was the same feeling people got when they saw a colour movie for the first time, like in the transition from black and white to colour it is a whole new experience. For the first time we are experiencing the Z(depth) factor and I really mean when I said "experiencing". So my question is or maybe if not a question, but Is there a possibility of a genre of 3d camera games upcoming?

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• Is It More Efficient To Make Games In Languages I Like?

  - by Dsfsdfsdfsdfsd Fsdf

  Is it more "efficiant" to develop games with languages your good with and like best rather then the "best" language? A example is like I like C# (It's My First Language) and I'm really good at it and used to how it works, I'm not as good with C++ but I'm kinda slow at it because I don't prefer how you systems work like I think int a[] is not as good as int[] a. Would it be better to go with what I know best or what's the "best" available? Thanks For Reading!

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• With Ubuntu Linux (10+), how do I connect to remote to my machine from Windows

  - by Berlin Brown

  I tried to to remote into my Ubuntu machine. I enabled the setting on Ubuntu and that side seems to work. But I get a connection time out when I use RealVNC on the Windows box. I believe it is a firewall issue. I disabled the firewall for that application on Windows but I don't know how to check if the firewall is enabled on the windows machine. I am on a local network with a router. Ideally, I would want to block that remote control port at the Internet level/router level but "enable" that port on the Windows box and the Ubuntu box. How do I check those settings.

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• libdb4.6-dev vs libdb4.7-dev

  - by routinet

  I want to install PHP 5.3 on Ubuntu Intrepid. To install apxs, I need to install libaprutil1-dev, which depends on libdb4.6-dev. When I look at installing that, apt-get wants to remove the currently installed libdb-dev and libdb4.7-dev. Any advice on how to proceed? [root@server:/usr/local] #> apt-get -s install libaprutil1-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. Since you only requested a single operation it is extremely likely that the package is simply not installable and a bug report against that package should be filed. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libaprutil1-dev: Depends: libdb4.6-dev but it is not going to be installed E: Broken packages [root@server:/usr/local] #> apt-get -s install libdb4.6-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: debhelper libltdl7-dev po-debconf intltool-debian libtool courier-ssl gettext libgdbm-dev libzip1 html2text autotools-dev libmail-sendmail-perl Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. Suggested packages: db4.6-doc The following packages will be REMOVED: libdb-dev libdb4.7-dev The following NEW packages will be installed: libdb4.6-dev 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 2 to remove and 54 not upgraded. Remv libdb-dev [4.7.25.2ubuntu1] Remv libdb4.7-dev [4.7.25-3] Inst libdb4.6-dev (4.6.21-10 Ubuntu:8.10/intrepid) Conf libdb4.6-dev (4.6.21-10 Ubuntu:8.10/intrepid)

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• Authenticating Mountain Lion over Ubuntu 12 LDAP [closed]

  - by Sam Hammamy

  Possible Duplicate: Ubuntu OpenLDAP and Mac OS X Roaming Profiles I've installed slapd on Ubuntu 12 after a long long day of trial and error. I've added the apple.ldif schema, and the samba.ldif schema, plus a test user. Last week, I had installed slapd on Ubuntu 11, and was able to authenticate against it from OS X Lion after finding the following blog post: Fixing OpenLDAP Authentication on OS X Lion This suggests running the following commands to fix the authentication problem /usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "add ':module options:ldap:Denied SASL Methods:' string CRAM-MD5" /Library/Preferences/OpenDirectory/Configurations/LDAPv3/yourldapserver.plist /usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "add ':module options:ldap:Denied SASL Methods:' string NTLM" /Library/Preferences/OpenDirectory/Configurations/LDAPv3/yourldapserver.plist /usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "add ':module options:ldap:Denied SASL Methods:' string GSSAPI" /Library/Preferences/OpenDirectory/Configurations/LDAPv3/yourldapserver.plist However, I ran these commands on OS X Mountain Lion, and I am still unable to authenticate. I can't even use the Directory Editor app to examine the AD. I am however able to bind to the server via python-ldap's ldap.simple_bind_s('cn=admin,dc=foo,dc=net,'secret'). The error I am getting when trying to use Director Editor is Error Code (5000)

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• Apple shortcuts in Ubuntu

  - by rcourtna

  Hi, I switch between a Mac and Ubuntu often. On my Ubuntu box, I use an Apple Aluminum keyboard. I'm interested in Apple's "command" key: ? (I'm not concerned about the hardware control keys) cmd-T opens a browser tab cmd-C, cmd-V for copy/paste, especially in a terminal window control-c maintains the same meaning in terminal (abort) Just switching the control & command keys in Ubuntu would almost get me there, except for the special behaviour of the keys a terminal (Terminal is my most frequently used app). Has it been done? edit: using Gnome, not KDE

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• launch eclipse,and an error occurs.

  - by chillwarmoon

  environment: Ubuntu 9.10 Eclipse eclipse-jee-galileo-SR2-linux-gtk When I login the ubuntu,and run the eclipse, it works. but when I changed to root user and then launch eclipse,there is an error occurs: (eclipse:5632): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance (eclipse:5632): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed (eclipse:5632): Gtk-CRITICAL **: gtk_settings_get_for_screen: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed (eclipse:5632): Gtk-WARNING **: Screen for GtkWindow not set; you must always set a screen for a GtkWindow before using the window (eclipse:5632): Gtk-WARNING **: Screen for GtkWindow not set; you must always set a screen for a GtkWindow before using the window (eclipse:5632): Gdk-CRITICAL **: gdk_screen_get_display: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed (eclipse:5632): Gdk-CRITICAL **: gdk_display_get_pointer: assertion `GDK_IS_DISPLAY (display)' failed (eclipse:5632): Gtk-WARNING **: Screen for GtkWindow not set; you must always set a screen for a GtkWindow before using the window (eclipse:5632): Gdk-CRITICAL **: gdk_screen_get_n_monitors: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed (eclipse:5632): Gtk-WARNING **: Screen for GtkWindow not set; you must always set a screen for a GtkWindow before using the window (eclipse:5632): Gdk-CRITICAL **: get_monitor: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed Segmentation fault But when I login in Ubuntu as root, and run eclipse, it is ok. I changed to another non-root user,there is an error too. How to deal with this problem. I am looking forward to your reply. thanks.

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• Nobody nogroup on ubuntu client with Solaris server

  - by user1574623

  I have an openIdiana server with ZFS and it has been shared with NFS on a ubuntu server (called server1) one year ago. Now i am asked to shared it on a second ubuntu server (called server2). So i have took the line in /etc/fstab from server 1 and add it in server2: 192.168.1.22:mypool/data/.zfs/snapshot /mnt/zfs nfs acl,intr,noatime 0 0 But when i mount it, the rights on server2 are "nobody nogroup" (connect as anonymous?!) whereas its ok on server1. And on my OpenIndiana, I haven't found where it is configured (its not me who configured it last year). So I have tried to set zfs set sharenfs=rw numpool/data but without success. So i am looking for a file like /etc/exports on Ubuntu to configure which server is allowed to connect, and not as anonymous. Any idea? thanks,

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• VirtualBox error with Ubuntu virtual machine

  - by user2985363

  I am trying to work on a coding project and cannot open my Ubuntu virtual machine with Oracle VM VirtualBox. I took a snapshot yesterday at about 11, and it was working fine. Several times I closed and reopened it. Today when I tried to open it, I kept getting the error below. Failed to open a session for the virtual machine Ubuntu 12.04 32-bit. VM cannot start because the saved state file 'C:\Users\Tyler\VirtualBox VMs\Ubuntu 12.04 32-bit\Snapshots\2014-01-30T19-59-05-976647800Z.sav' is invalid (VERR_FILE_NOT_FOUND). Deleted the saved state prior to starting the VM. I tried deleting the file as it said, but none of the snapshots would open still. The file is still in my recycling bin. What can I do? Also, I took the 1/31 snapshot today before I deleted the previous one.

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• Why are (almost) all the on-line games written in ActionScript (Flash) not Java?

  - by MasterPeter

  I absolutely love good defender games (e.g. Gemcraft, Protector: reclaiming the throne) as they can be intellectually quite challenging; it's like playing chess but a little less thinking a bit more action. Sadly, there are not that many good ones out there and I thought I would create one myself and share it with the rest of the world by making it available on-line. I have never worked with ActionScript but when it comes to on-line games, this is the main choice. I have tried to find a decent 2D game in the form of a Java applet but to no avail. Why is this so? I could write the game, most comfortably, in Delphi for Win32 but then people would need to download the executable, which could deter some form downloading it, and also it would only work on Windows. I am also familiar with Java, having worked with Java for the last four years or so. Although I don't have much experience with games programming. Should I note be deterred by the fact that all online games are written for in Flash and create my defender game as a Java applet, or should I consider learning ActionScript and games development for the ActionScript Virtual Machine (AS3 looks very much like Java... but still, it's an entirely new technology to me and I might never use it professionally.) Could you, please, just answer the the question in the title? Why Flash, not Java applets? Is it only 'politics'?

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• Shared folder on mac: mounted on ubuntu but not writable

  - by Max Williams

  I've got a mac (called 'maxw-hackbook') with a folder (called 'work') which i've shared, making it "read & write" by me, "staff" and everyone. I've then mounted it to a folder on my ubuntu laptop, as follows: #on ubuntu laptop $ smbtree -s WORKGROUP \\MAXW-HACKBOOK maxw-hackbook \\MAXW-HACKBOOK\IPC$ IPC Service (maxw-hackbook) \\MAXW-HACKBOOK\work work $ sudo smbmount //MAX-HACKBOOK/work/ /mnt/hackbook-work -o ip=192.168.1.228,username=Max,password=passwordonmacbook,w This has successfully mounted the "work" folder on the macbook to the /mnt/hackbook-work folder in ubuntu. But, it's read-only, even though i've set the shared folder (on the mac) to be "read and write" by everybody. I need to have write access to that folder on the mac. Can anybody see what i've done wrong? thanks, max

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• Clients can make maximum only 15 connections to ubuntu custom server

  - by gtan

  I have a custom server in C# being run on Ubuntu 9 under mono. I can make up to 15 silverlight clients connect to the server. When I make the 16th, it just waits. And if I close one of the established connections, the 16th client is able to connect. I am making the connections from one machine. I am also not exceeding any file handle limit. The limit is 1024 and I am having around 300. Any ideas how to make more connections? Also why the number 15? Is it something linux-specific? EDIT: I have run the same server on an Ubuntu 11.10 virtual machine and was able to make more than 15 connections. I presume it's a configuration problem on the Ubuntu 9 machine then. Any help on that?

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• Failed upgrade of PHP on Ubunutu 12.04, error: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

  - by DanielAttard

  I just tried to upgrade my version of PHP on Ubuntu 12.04 and now I have messed it up. First I did this: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php5-oldstable Then I did this: sudo apt-get update Then finally I did this: sudo apt-get install php5 And now I am getting an error message about Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) What have I done wrong? How can I fix this problem? Thanks. Here are the errors received: Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable Setting up libapache2-mod-php5 (5.4.28-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1) ... debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable dpkg: error processing libapache2-mod-php5 (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Setting up php5-cli (5.4.28-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1) ... debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable dpkg: error processing php5-cli (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of php5-curl: php5-curl depends on phpapi-20100525+lfs; however: Package phpapi-20100525+lfs is not installed. Package libapache2-mod-php5 which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. Package php5-cli which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing php5-curl (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of php5-gd: php5-gd depends on phpapi-20100525+lfs; however: Package phpapi-20100525+lfs is not installed. Package libapache2-mod-php5 which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. Package php5-cli which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing php5-gd (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of php5-mcrypt: php5-mcrypt depends on phpapi-20100525+lfs; however: Package phpapi-20100525+lfs is not installed. Package libapache2-mod-php5 which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. Package php5-cli which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing php5-mcrypt (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of php5-mysql: php5-mysql depends on phpapi-20100525+lfs; however: Package phpapi-20100525+lfs is not installed. Package libapache2-mod-php5 which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. Package php5-cli which provides phpapi-20100525+lfs is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing php5-mysql (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of php5: php5 depends on libapache2-mod-php5 (>= 5.4.28-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1) | libapache2-mod-php5filter (>= 5.4.28-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1) | php5-cgi (>= 5.4.28-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1) | php5-fpm (>= 5.4.28-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1); however: Package libapache2-mod-php5 is not configured yet. Package libapache2-mod-php5filter is not installed. Package php5-cgi is not installed. Package php5-fpm is not installed. dpkg: error processing php5 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php5-curl php5-gd php5-mcrypt php5-mysql php5 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

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• Locating Rogue Perl Script

  - by Gary Garside

  I've been trying to source the location of a perl script which is causing havoc on a server which i control. I'm also trying to find out exactly how this script was installed on the server - my best guess is through a wordpress exploit. The server is a basic web setup running Ubuntu 9.04, Apache and MySQL. I use IPTables for firewall, the site runs around 20 sites and the load never really creeps above 0.7. From what i can see the script is making outbound connection to other servers (most likely trying to brute force entry). Here is a top dump of one of the processes: PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 22569 www-data 20 0 22784 3216 780 R 100 0.2 47:00.60 perl The command the process is running is /usr/sbin/sshd . I've tried to find an exact file name but im having no luck... i've ran a lsof -p PID and here is the output: COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME perl 22569 www-data cwd DIR 8,6 4096 2 / perl 22569 www-data rtd DIR 8,6 4096 2 / perl 22569 www-data txt REG 8,6 10336 162220 /usr/bin/perl perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 26936 170219 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.0/auto/Socket/Socket.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 22808 170214 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.0/auto/IO/IO.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 39112 145112 /lib/libcrypt-2.9.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 1502512 145124 /lib/libc-2.9.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 130151 145113 /lib/libpthread-2.9.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 542928 145122 /lib/libm-2.9.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 14608 145125 /lib/libdl-2.9.so perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 1503704 162222 /usr/lib/libperl.so.5.10.0 perl 22569 www-data mem REG 8,6 135680 145116 /lib/ld-2.9.so perl 22569 www-data 0r FIFO 0,6 157216 pipe perl 22569 www-data 1w FIFO 0,6 197642 pipe perl 22569 www-data 2w FIFO 0,6 197642 pipe perl 22569 www-data 3w FIFO 0,6 197642 pipe perl 22569 www-data 4u IPv4 383991 TCP outsidesoftware.com:56869->server12.34.56.78.live-servers.net:www (ESTABLISHED) My gut feeling is outsidesoftware.com is also under attacK? Or possibly being used as a tunnel. I've managed to find a number of rouge files in /tmp and /var/tmp, here is a brief output of one of these files: #!/usr/bin/perl # this spreader is coded by xdh # xdh@xxxxxxxxxxx # only for testing... my @nickname = ("vn"); my $nick = $nickname[rand scalar @nickname]; my $ircname = $nickname[rand scalar @nickname]; #system("kill -9 `ps ax |grep httpdse |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`"); my $processo = '/usr/sbin/sshd'; The full file contents can be viewed here: http://pastebin.com/yenFRrGP Im trying to achieve a couple of things here... Firstly i need to stop these processes from running. Either by disabling outbound SSH or any IP Tables rules etc... these scripts have been running for around 36 hours now and my main concern is to stop these things running and respawning by themselves. Secondly i need to try and source where and how these scripts have been installed. If anybody has any advise on what to look for in access logs or anything else i would be really grateful. Thanks in advance

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• Yet another (13)Permission denied error on Apache2 server

  - by lollercoaster

  I just can't figure it out. I'm running apache2 on a Ubuntu 10.04 i386 server. Whenever I visit my server (has an IP address, and is connected to internet with static IP xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) so that's not the problem) in browser, mysub.domain.edu (renamed here), I get the following: Forbidden You don't have permission to access /index.html on this server The apache2 error log confirms this: [Mon Apr 18 02:38:20 2011] [error] [client zzz.zzz.zzz.zzz] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied I'll try to provide all necessary information below: 1) Contents of /etc/apache2/httpd.conf DirectoryIndex index.html index.php 2) Contents of /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/myusername/htdocs <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory "/home/myusername/htdocs/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None order allow,deny allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.php Satisfy any </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> ServerName mysub.domain.edu </VirtualHost> 3) Contents of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/myusername/htdocs <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory "/home/myusername/htdocs/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None order allow,deny allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.php Satisfy any </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> ServerName mysub.domain.edu </VirtualHost> 4) Result of ls -l (when I'm using sudo -i to be root): root@myserver:/home/myusername# ls -l total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data root 4096 2011-04-18 03:04 htdocs 5) ps auxwww | grep -i apache root@myserver:/home# ps auxwww | grep -i apache root 15121 0.0 0.4 5408 2544 ? Ss 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 15122 0.0 0.3 5180 1760 ? S 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 15123 0.0 0.5 227020 2788 ? Sl 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 15124 0.0 0.5 227020 2864 ? Sl 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start root 29133 0.0 0.1 3320 680 pts/0 R+ 16:58 0:00 grep --color=auto -i apache 6) ls -al /home/myusername/htdocs/ root@myserver:/# ls -al /home/myusername/htdocs/ total 20 drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data root 4096 2011-04-18 03:04 . drw-r--r-- 4 myusername myusername 4096 2011-04-18 02:13 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 69 2011-04-18 02:14 index.html I'm not currently using any .htaccess files in my web root (htdocs) folder in my user folder. I don't know what is wrong, I've been trying to fix his for over 12 hours and I've gotten nowhere. If you have any suggestions, I'm all ears...

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• xrandr shows two displays (LVDS1), but how can I use VGA1 only?

  - by Tom Fishman

  We're running Ubuntu 11 on this hardware: Foxconn R20-D2 Intel Atom D510 Intel NM10 Intel GMA 3150 Barebone There is no integrated display (it is a barebone box). I connected an external VGA to it. However xrandr shows two displays: Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1024 x 768, maximum 4096 x 4096 LVDS1 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm 1024x768 60.0*+ 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 519mm x 324mm 1920x1200 60.0 + 1600x1200 60.0 1680x1050 60.0 1280x1024 76.0 75.0 72.0 60.0 1440x900 75.0 59.9 1152x864 75.0 1024x768 75.1 70.1 60.0* 832x624 74.6 800x600 72.2 75.0 60.3 640x480 72.8 75.0 66.7 60.0 720x400 70.1 But I don't have two displays. How can I get rid of LVDS1 and use only VGA1? The direct result is that I'm seeing a 1024x768 resolution on my VGA display, because the OS is using "mirror" mode which uses the lower resolution of the two. Turning off the mirror is not a solution. I want to fix it. Related logs: ... [ 20.019] (II) intel(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section "Default Screen Section" for depth/fbbpp 24/32 [ 20.019] (==) intel(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32 [ 20.019] (==) intel(0): RGB weight 888 [ 20.019] (==) intel(0): Default visual is TrueColor [ 20.019] (II) intel(0): Integrated Graphics Chipset: Intel(R) Pineview G [ 20.019] (--) intel(0): Chipset: "Pineview G" [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Relaxed fencing enabled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Wait on SwapBuffers? enabled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Triple buffering? enabled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Framebuffer tiled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Pixmaps tiled [ 20.020] (**) intel(0): 3D buffers tiled [ 20.020] (**) intel(0): SwapBuffers wait enabled [ 20.020] (==) intel(0): video overlay key set to 0x101fe [ 20.020] (II) intel(0): Output LVDS1 has no monitor section [ 20.020] (II) intel(0): found backlight control interface /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight [ 20.080] (II) intel(0): Output VGA1 has no monitor section [ 20.080] (II) intel(0): EDID for output LVDS1 [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "320x240" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "400x300" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "400x300" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "512x384" (doublescan mode not supported) ... [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "960x600" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Printing probed modes for output LVDS1 [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "1024x768"x60.0 65.00 1024 1048 1184 1344 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync (48.4 kHz) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "800x600"x60.3 40.00 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 +hsync +vsync (37.9 kHz) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "800x600"x56.2 36.00 800 824 896 1024 600 601 603 625 +hsync +vsync (35.2 kHz) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "640x480"x59.9 25.18 640 656 752 800 480 490 492 525 -hsync -vsync (31.5 kHz) [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): EDID for output VGA1 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): Manufacturer: BNQ Model: 771b Serial#: 6595 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): Year: 2008 Week: 16 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): EDID Version: 1.3 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): Analog Display Input, Input Voltage Level: 0.700/0.700 V ... [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Modeline "640x480"x60.0 25.20 640 656 752 800 480 490 492 525 -hsync -vsync (31.5 kHz) [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Modeline "720x400"x70.1 28.32 720 738 846 900 400 412 414 449 -hsync +vsync (31.5 kHz) [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output LVDS1 connected [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output VGA1 connected [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Using exact sizes for initial modes [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output LVDS1 using initial mode 1024x768 [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output VGA1 using initial mode 1024x768 [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Using default gamma of (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) unless otherwise stated. ...

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