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• Important hardware components to avoid bottlenecks/improve speed on a laptop?

  - by joelhaus

  Looking for a powerful general use (including web development) laptop running Windows. Price points seem to be all over the place. Many less powerful machines are priced much higher than machines with better specs. How does one navigate this market? Are there any unpublished/under-publicized specs/bottlenecks you look for? Understanding that hardware improves over time, is there an efficient ratio that can be used (or something similar, like Windows Experience Index?) which will indicate how powerful a system is? Thanks in advance! P.S. Here is an example from a laptop released on September 17, 2010. Can anyone pick apart these specs? Is there missing information you would be looking for? OS: Win 7 Display: 16.4" LED backlit Processor: Intel Core i7-740QM, 6MB L3 Cache RAM: 6GB DDR3 1333MHz (8GB max.) Graphics: NVIDIA GeForce GT 425M (1 GB of dedicated DDR3) HDD: 500GB 7200RPM SATA Hard Drive Removable Disc: Blue-ray with DVD±R/RW Misc: webcam/mic/speakers/bluetooth (via Sony Vaio VPC-F137FX/B)

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• creating a backup system with freenas

  - by masfenix

  We are currently in the process of opening a new accounting firm in the new year (actually moving from our previous location). I am looking for a cheap/free solution to back up our files (small, text files couple of kb). I was impressed with FreeNas and Windows Backup but I found out that Windows Backup only saves for a maximum of 2 years. The work machines will be running Windows 8 or Windows 7. There can be many work machines however we have only one to start with (ie, think of it as just one employee). I have an old core 2 duo with 2 gigs of ram that I can convert to a server if need be. I want the syncing to be done through LAN since the data is confidential and should never touch the outside world. So ideally, I would like the following scenario: A skydrive/dropbox like service to sync my client files over work machines and a central server. The "server" part should store history of files (i don't know how this will be done since the file will have the same name?). This isn't really necessary, but I can see it become useful. I am not familiar with RAID, so does any software RAID solution exist? I will most likely be buying 2 hard drives.

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• Bad performance with Linux software RAID5 and LUKS encryption

  - by Philipp Wendler

  I have set up a Linux software RAID5 on three hard drives and want to encrypt it with cryptsetup/LUKS. My tests showed that the encryption leads to a massive performance decrease that I cannot explain. The RAID5 is able to write 187 MB/s [1] without encryption. With encryption on top of it, write speed is down to about 40 MB/s. The RAID has a chunk size of 512K and a write intent bitmap. I used -c aes-xts-plain -s 512 --align-payload=2048 as the parameters for cryptsetup luksFormat, so the payload should be aligned to 2048 blocks of 512 bytes (i.e., 1MB). cryptsetup luksDump shows a payload offset of 4096. So I think the alignment is correct and fits to the RAID chunk size. The CPU is not the bottleneck, as it has hardware support for AES (aesni_intel). If I write on another drive (an SSD with LVM) that is also encrypted, I do have a write speed of 150 MB/s. top shows that the CPU usage is indeed very low, only the RAID5 xor takes 14%. I also tried putting a filesystem (ext4) directly on the unencrypted RAID so see if the layering is problem. The filesystem decreases the performance a little bit as expected, but by far not that much (write speed varying, but 100 MB/s). Summary: Disks + RAID5: good Disks + RAID5 + ext4: good Disks + RAID5 + encryption: bad SSD + encryption + LVM + ext4: good The read performance is not affected by the encryption, it is 207 MB/s without and 205 MB/s with encryption (also showing that CPU power is not the problem). What can I do to improve the write performance of the encrypted RAID? [1] All speed measurements were done with several runs of dd if=/dev/zero of=DEV bs=100M count=100 (i.e., writing 10G in blocks of 100M). Edit: If this helps: I'm using Ubuntu 11.04 64bit with Linux 2.6.38. Edit2: The performance stays approximately the same if I pass a block size of 4KB, 1MB or 10MB to dd.

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• Are there any critical reasons why one could not use ubuntu as a server platform?

  - by Chiggsy

  We were using Lenny. ( Well Sid, really ). Had to do that for development. I upgraded my server with ubuntu 10.04, for a different project. Noticed the packages. Wearing my developer hat, it's a no brainer. Everything we need is there. I'm the admin as well. We might need more than one "box" (running on VPS for now). I do not want to build things that apt would put on for me. It's not hard, but I'm going to need that time. The debian "box" has a bunch of stuff on it, that'll have to be integrated properly, but I think we are going live in a distressingly short time. (Just found out.) I am aware of the reflexive answers to this question. What I would like to ask is are there critical bugs or critical instabilities that would make one shy away from the ubuntu/server path? I could not find any bugs that would stop me, but perhaps there is something?

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• Mod_rewrite to eliminate query strings

  - by Greg Frommer

  Hi everyone, I have been working on this for a while but I'm not finding exactly what I am looking for. I am writing a webapp to let my users create and publish pieces of HTML content in a domain and URL folder structure of their choosing. All of the content and requested URL structures are stored in a database. I have all of the code in my index.php (in the root folder) to access the database content, and based on the server name (and hopefully folder structure) will pick out the proper content from the DB and display it to the end-users browser. So my situation looks like this: www.test.com/index.php?id=123234345 ... will display the proper page, but I want my users to be able to define a unique "page name" instead of using the numeric index (also I want to hide the /index.php part) so what I would like the end-user to see is: www.test.com/arbitrary-unique-keyword/keyword2/keyword3 which will invoke the index.php page in the root folder. Then I will use the PHP $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] variable to match the requested folder structure up with the proper content in my database and display that. All the material I have found so far expects me to hard code parts of the folder structure into the rules.... but I think I want something simpler (perhaps). So the question in a nutshell: How do I use mod_rewrite to allow all "non-existent" folder paths be passed through to a main index.php residing in the root folder? (For all paths that DO exist, like for calls to images... I want those to succeed and not be directed to the index.php obviously) Thanks everyone, please let me know if I can clear anything up.

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• FWBuilder DNS Object Run Time - when exactly does it resolve the DNS name?

  - by Jakobud

  In Firewall Builder, when you use the DNS Object and set it to run time, when exactly does the firewall (iptables in our case) actually resolve the DNS name? Is it whenever a call is made to that DNS name in the firewall? So the firewall would resolve the name on the fly whenever someone/something tries to access that DNS name? Or is it when you execute the fw script to load the rules into iptables? So in this case, it would resolve the DNS name that one time and then hard-code the resulting ip address into the iptable rules? From what I read, I think its #1, but it's just not 100% clear to me. We have two servers for a certain function on our network. One is the primary server and one is backup. alpha0.domain.com alpha1.domain.com In DNS we have this: alpha.domain.com -> alpha0.domain.com If the primary server goes down and we need to switch to the backup, I just change our local DNS record to point to alpha1.domain.com instead. So back to the firewall, if I just put in a Domain Object as alpha.domain.com, do I have to reload the firewall rules every time we switch to the backup alpha server and change the DNS record? Or will the firewall automatically resolve to the correct address even after the switch?

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• How can visiting a webpage infect your computer?

  - by Cybis

  My mother's computer recently became infected with some sort of rootkit. It began when she received an email from a close friend asking her to check out some sort of webpage. I never saw it, but my mother said it was just a blog of some sort, nothing interesting. A few days later, my mother signed in on the PayPal homepage. PayPal gave some sort of security notice which stated that to prevent fraud, they needed some additional personal information. Among some of the more normal information (name, address, etc.), they asked for her SSN and bank PIN! She refused to submit that information and complained to PayPal that they shouldn't ask for it. PayPal said they would never ask for such information and that it wasn't their webpage. There was no such "security notice" when she logged in from a different computer, only from hers. It wasn't a phishing attempt or redirection of some sort, IE clearly showed an SSL connection to https://www.paypal.com/ She remembered that strange email and asked her friend about it - the friend never sent it! Obviously, something on her computer was intercepting the PayPal homepage and that email was the only other strange thing to happen recently. She entrusted me to fix everything. I nuked the computer from orbit since it was the only way to be sure (i.e., reformatted her hard drive and did a clean install). That seemed to work fine. But that got me wondering... my mother didn't download and run anything. There were no weird ActiveX controls running (she's not computer illiterate and knows not to install them), and she only uses webmail (i.e., no Outlook vulnerability). When I think webpages, I think content presentation - JavaScript, HTML, and maybe some Flash. How could that possibly install and execute arbitrary software on your computer? It seems kinda weird/stupid that such vulnerabilities exist.

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• Linux arp cache timeout values

  - by Jak

  I'm trying to configure sane values for the Linux kernel arp cache timeout, but I can't find a detailed explanation as to how they work anywhere. Even the kernel.org documentation doesn't give a good explanation, I can only find recommended values to alleviate overflow. Here is an example of the values I have: net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_thresh1 = 128 net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_thresh2 = 512 net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_thresh3 = 1024 Now, from what I've gathered so far: gc_thresh1 is the number of arp entries allowed before the garbage collector starts removing any entries at all. gc_thresh2 is the soft-limit, which is the number of entries allowed before the garbage collector actively removes arp entries. gc_thresh3 is the hard limit, where entries above this number are aggressively removed. Now, if I understand correctly, if the number of arp entries goes beyond gc_thresh1 but remains below gc_thresh2, the excess will be removed periodically with an interval set by gc_interval. My question is, if the number of entries goes beyond gc_thresh2 but below gc_thresh3, or if the number goes beyond gc_thresh3, how are the entries removed? In other words, what does "actively" and "aggressively" removed mean exactly? I assume it means they are removed more frequently than what is defined in gc_interval, but I can't find by how much.

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• Index a low-cost NAS on Windows 7

  - by JcMaco

  Has anyone found a way to index the files stored on a Networked Attached Storage on Windows 7 so that the files can be available in Windows Search and Libraries? I am referring to the cheap and available NAS like the Western Digital My Book series that use an embedded linux server. Similar question: http://windows7forums.com/windows-7-networking/6700-indexing-nas-drive-libraries.html EDIT Windows help proposes to make the files stored on the NAS available offline. This is obviously not a good solution if the NAS has more data than what the client can store. If the folder is on a network device that is not part of your homegroup, it can be included as long as the content of the folder is indexed. If the folder is already indexed on the device where it is stored, you should be able to include it directly in the library. If the network folder is not indexed, an easy way to index it is to make the folder available offline. This will create offline versions of the files in the folder, and add these files to the index on your computer. Once you make a folder available offline, you can include it in a library. When you make a network folder available offline, copies of all the files in that folder will be stored on your computer's hard disk. Take this into consideration if the network folder contains a large number of files.

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• Does MySQL have some kind of DoS protection or per-user query limit?

  - by Ghostrider

  I'm a bit at a loss. I'm running a MySQL database that's roughly 1GB data in indices combined on a dedicated Linux server. DB version is '5.0.89-community'. Configuration is controlled via cPanel. PHP actually runs elsewhere on a shared hosting. IP addresses are static and don't change. Access from remote IP address is properly configured. Website gets around 10K hits per day with each hit generating a a database query. Some of these queries are expensive (~1 sec execution time). All is fine and well until at some point DB server starts refusing connections from the client, claiming that specific user can't access the server from that IP. Resetting the server will always fix the problem for a day or two and then the same thing happens. There are some other DBs on that server, some of which are hit pretty hard on occasion but constantnly. One of the apps maintains several persistent connections since it does couple of updates per minute. Though I don't think it's related. What's driving me mad is that I can't figure out why server would start refusing connections. There is nothing in the logs. This server is a hosted dedicated server so hosting company created the OS image and I didn't write or go over every line of configuration. I'd do it but I'm at a loss as to where start looking. Any advice is appreciated.

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• Ubuntu 10.10 - PC shutdown before boot shortly after BIOS loads

  - by clem

  Since installing Ubuntu 10.10 from Karmic I've started getting problems with starting up the PC. I've done a complete wipe (Boot and Nuke) of the hard drive and reinstalled Ubuntu 10.10 but the problem still occurs. There is no dual boot on the PC, just Ubuntu. Here is the problem: Each morning, when I turn the PC on from being off overnight, the PC starts up and loads the BIOS. I get the following message Verifying DMI Pool Data... K8 NPT Data Change...Update New Data to DMI!....... Then poof the computer shuts off. However, after switching the computer back on around 6 or 7 times after it's turned itself off, it will eventually boot up without any problem. Also, once up and running for a while, I can shutdown and restart the PC first time, without any issues. I have also noticed a problem with the USB mouse being recognised and once I finally get the computer booted up, I need to unplug and then plug the mouse back in to get it working. I've opened the PC up and checked the connections (cables, cards and memory) and it all seems fine. The main issue with troubleshooting this problem is I cannot test any suggestions or fixes until the next morning because once the computer is up and running it will remain so! I do not leave the computer on overnight to save energy. So.. Is this a hardware / boot software issue? This is a very odd problem and I have googled to no avail. Any suggestions?

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• Adding subnet to a vsphere with single vcenter and esxi host

  - by Ilya Rakhlin

  Let me start of by saying that I do not specialize in networking, I am in the process of adding additional VMs to a testing environment and wanted some recommendations. In this case I am running a single ESXI 5.1 host and a single Vcenter management server. The problem is, I need another range of IP addresses added to the existing setup; hopefully without reconfiguring everything. Currently the esxi host is configured to IP: 192.168.100.200, gateway: 192.168.100.1 and subnet: 255.255.255.0. All of the VMs are running some version of linux with hard coded IP addresses in that range, and using that subnet. The VMs I am about to deploy I want to be on the 192.168.101.X network. Is it possible to add an additional subnet to this existing system that will also communicate with the current subnet? The esxi host has 6 physical NICs but only one connected as it is only a testing system; not sure if that matters. Are there any other ways to accomplish this hopefully without restarting or at least reconfiguring the IP addresses for each VM? Reason: Due to the configuration of the VMs to run the applications that we need I am using a large amount of the current IPs in the potential range (mostly VIPs). I will be setting up a new version of this “environment” while keeping the old one, thus potentially running out of IP addresses.

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• IIS replication - Is it possible

  - by Ian

  Hi All, I have a requirement for a client that I have a centralised system that all his satellite branches can work on. Currently this is a ASP.net web forms app running under IIS 7 on win 2008 RC 2 using an SQL backend. The client has now requested that each branch have a local server, so that in the event that the internet connection is down, the branches productivity does not suffer. His other request is that everything can be updated via the central hub and using some mechanism the updates filter down to the individual sites. What are my options here? I see the following as possible options: Multiple redundant internet connections controlled by load balancers SQL replication for the DB (What is better, snapshot, merge or transactional) Roll my own IIS sync service the periodically checks if there is a new version of the web app and downloads it (I hope there are better option than this) Something way better I don’t yet know about (I hope this is the one I need) One of my clients concerns are that the branches are often in very remote areas where everything from technicians to internet is hard to find and very scarce. Any ideas, suggestions, tips etc are welcome. Thanks all

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• How can visiting a webpage infect your computer?

  - by Cybis

  My mother's computer recently became infected with some sort of rootkit. It began when she received an email from a close friend asking her to check out some sort of webpage. I never saw it, but my mother said it was just a blog of some sort, nothing interesting. A few days later, my mother signed in on the PayPal homepage. PayPal gave some sort of security notice which stated that to prevent fraud, they needed some additional personal information. Among some of the more normal information (name, address, etc.), they asked for her SSN and bank PIN! She refused to submit that information and complained to PayPal that they shouldn't ask for it. PayPal said they would never ask for such information and that it wasn't their webpage. There was no such "security notice" when she logged in from a different computer, only from hers. It wasn't a phishing attempt or redirection of some sort, IE clearly showed an SSL connection to https://www.paypal.com/ She remembered that strange email and asked her friend about it - the friend never sent it! Obviously, something on her computer was intercepting the PayPal homepage and that email was the only other strange thing to happen recently. She entrusted me to fix everything. I nuked the computer from orbit since it was the only way to be sure (i.e., reformatted her hard drive and did a clean install). That seemed to work fine. But that got me wondering... my mother didn't download and run anything. There were no weird ActiveX controls running (she's not computer illiterate and knows not to install them), and she only uses webmail (i.e., no Outlook vulnerability). When I think webpages, I think content presentation - JavaScript, HTML, and maybe some Flash. How could that possibly install and execute arbitrary software on your computer? It seems kinda weird/stupid that such vulnerabilities exist.

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• Use subpath internal proxy for subdomains, but redirect external clients if they ask for that subpath?

  - by HostileFork

  I have a VirtualHost that I'd like to have several subdomains on. (For the sake of clarity, let's say my domain is example.com and I'm just trying to get started by making foo.example.com work, and build from there.) The simplest way I found for a subdomain to work non-invasively with the framework I have was to proxy to a sub-path via mod_rewrite. Thus paths would appear in the client's URL bar as http://foo.example.com/(whatever) while they'd actually be served http://foo.example.com/foo/(whatever) under the hood. I've managed to do that inside my VirtualHost config file like this: ServerAlias *.example.com RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^foo\.example\.com [NC] # <--- RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/foo/.*$ [NC] # AND is implicit with above RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /foo/$1 [PT] (Note: It was surprisingly hard to find that particular working combination. Specifically, the [PT] seemed to be necessary on the RewriteRule. I could not get it to work with examples I saw elsewhere like [L] or trying just [P]. It would either not show anything or get in loops. Also some browsers seemed to cache the response pages for the bad loops once they got one... a page reload after fixing it wouldn't show it was working! Feedback welcome—in any case—if this part can be done better.) Now I'd like to make what http://foo.example.com/foo/(whatever) provides depend on who asked. If the request came from outside, I'd like the client to be permanently redirected by Apache so they get the URL http://foo.example.com/(whatever) in their browser. If it came internally from the mod_rewrite, I want the request to be handled by the web framework...which is unaware of subdomains. Is something like that possible?

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• why is Mac OSX Lion losing login/network credentials?

  - by Larry Kyrala

  (moved from stackoverflow...) Symptoms So at work we have OSX 10.7.3 installed and every once in a while I will see the following behaviors: 1) if the screen is locked, then multiple tries of the same user/pass are not accepted. 2) if the screen is unlocked, then opening a new bash term may yield prompts such as: `I have no name$` or lkyrala$ ssh lkyrala@ah-lkyrala2u You don't exist, go away! Even when our macs are working normally, everyone here has to login twice. The first time after boot always fails, but the second time (with the same password, not changing anything, just pressing enter again) succeeds. Weird? Workarounds There are some workarounds that resolve the immediate problem, but don't prevent it from happening again: a) wait (maybe an hour or two) and the problems sometimes go away by themselves. b) kill 'opendirectoryd' and let it restart. (from https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3663559) c) hold the power button to reset the computer Discussion Now, the evidence above points me to something screwy with opendirectory and login credentials. Some other people report having these login problems, but it's hard to determine where the actual problem is (Mac, or network environment?). I should add that most of the network are Windows machines, but we have quite a few Macs and Linux machines as well, but I'm not sure of the details of how the network auth is mapped from various domains to others... all I know is that our network credentials work in Windows domains as well as mac and linux logins -- so something is connecting separate systems, or using the same global auth system.

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• Is git-annex appropriate for my scenario?

  - by Karel Bílek

  I have a git repository with source codes I want to put in the open on github. However, I also have gigabytes of data that I don't want to have in the open and in the repo - they are big, they are proprietary, they are "burdened" with copyrights and so on. However, those are also logically "part of the same project" and I wish to have some control over their history (basically, what git already does). Right now, I have them in the directory "data" in the repository and I have the directory ignored and I resign on getting them to git. However, I have read about git-annex and it seems it can do what I want. So, I have two questions. Is git annex appropriate for me? How exactly should I use git annex for my scenario? Meaning - which commands should I use and how? I have tried to read the official documentation but it talks about use cases that I don't care about. I have the data on one computer only and I don't think I will be moving them soon (it's nice to have the possibility, but it's not why I want to use git annex). Also, the documentation is pretty hard to read.

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• AGP 4x slot running at 2x

  - by Wesley

  Hi all, Here are the specs of the machine related to this question: AMD Athlon XP 2400+ @ 2 GHz / 2x 512MB PC3200 DDR RAM / 3D Fuzion 128MB GeForce 6200 AGP / WD 160GB IDE HDD / FIC AM37 (mobo) / Codegen 350W PSU / Windows XP Pro SP3 So, for some odd reason, the GeForce 6200 that is in the AGP 4x slot is not running at 4x, but 2x. The card itself supports AGP 4x and even 8x. When I enter the BIOS, the options for the AGP slot only allow 2x as the max. Before, the max option for the AGP slot in the BIOS was 4x. (I do get the 4x option after I reset CMOS, but it does not stick after a restart.) I don't exactly know what the problem could be, but a few weeks ago, this machine's hard drive was reformatted and got a fresh install of XP. Also, I did install Rivatuner, but I never overclocked it at all. (I uninstalled it after thinking that it had done something.) Otherwise, I cannot figure out the cause of the problem. Does anybody have an idea why this is happening? (Would I have to do another reformat?) Thanks in advance. PS: the other options for the AGP slot are aperture size (which I tried changing, but it did nothing) and FastWrite (enabled by default).

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• Why does my PC successfully boot only when unplugged for more than a few minutes?

  - by philg

  I have an HP Pavilion Elite desktop computer, model HPE-490t. I like it because it didn’t cost too much, boots itself from an SSD, came with 16 GB of RAM, and has 6 CPU cores for editing video and camera RAW images. It has one behavioral quirk that I cannot explain, however. The recent power interruptions here in the Northeast got the machine into a state where it could not be restarted. It would power up for a second or two, shut down, and then power up again, never being able to get to the point of showing anything on the monitor. I unplugged it for about 10 seconds and plugged it back in. Same behavior (fails to boot). I unplugged it and walked away for an hour, then plugged it back in and it worked perfectly! I think something similar happened after installing a second hard disk drive into this machine. So the question is why does the computer behave differently depending on how long it has been unplugged? Where is energy stored that affects the machine’s ability to boot? Capacitors in the power supply? Battery on the motherboard (there is one for the clock, but that wouldn’t be exhausted by being unplugged for an hour, I don’t think)?

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• How to diagnose storage system scaling problems?

  - by Unknown

  We are currently testing the maximum sequential read throughput of a storage system (48 disks total behind two HP P2000 arrays) connected to HP DL580 G7 running RHEL 5 with 128 GB of memory. Initial testing has been mainly done by running DD-commands like this: dd if=/dev/mapper/mpath1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=3000 In parallel for each disk. However, we have been unable to scale the results from one array (maximum throughput of 1.3 GB/s) to two (almost the same throughput). Each array is connected to a dedicated host bust adapter, so they should not be the bottleneck. The disks are currently in JBOD configuration, so each disk can be addressed directly. I have two questions: Is running multiple DD commands in parallel really a good way to test maximum read throughput? We have noticed very high SWAPIN-% numbers in iotop, which I find hard to explain because the target is /dev/null How shoud we proceed in trying to find the reason for the scaling problem? Do you thing the server itself is the bottleneck here, or could there be some linux parameters that we have overlooked?

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• Wake on Demand for Apache server in OS X 10.8

  - by Gary

  Mac OS X Mountain Lion does not have a Web Sharing box in the Sharing system prefs menu. It is thoroughly discussed on the web that the Apache server is available, and that it can be turned on manually in the command line, or by using a convenient Prefs Pane. That works while the computer is awake. But, when my computer goes to sleep, the server stops working, even though Wake for Network Access is checked in the Energy Saver Pref Pane. From the discussion on Bonjour, I see that this problem probably results from the fact that Apache isn't registered with Bonjour. Does that sound likely? If not, please make some suggestions. The connection is via hard-wired ethernet. If registration with Bonjour is the problem, I'd like to know how to register it. You gave a nice description of dns-sd, and the command description says dns-sd -R Name Type Domain Port [TXT...] (Register a service)", but I don't know what to use for "Name" or "Type", or the format of the domain. I tried some dns-sd -B searches and found nothing I could use as a model, and it doesn't show up in Bonjour Browser. Any suggestions would be appreciated.

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• Computer crashes if left unattended AND running uTorrent, what could be?

  - by DiegoDD

  I have a weird problem in which, if I leave my computer unattended, AND I leave uTorrent open, downloading/seeding, the computer simply crashes after about 20 / 30 minutes (don't know exactly since if I leave it, and come back later, it has already restarted or has a BSOD.) If I leave the computer alone for undefined time WITHOUT uTorrent, nothing happens, and if I am constantly using the computer while using uTorrent, no problem either (I could be using it all day with uT open and it doesn't crash). So what could it be that the combination of those cases makes the computer crash? I have already checked the power management so the computer never enters stand by mode, sleep, hibernate, etc. (the only thing I do is turn off the display). A first guess is that maybe one of my external hard drives DO sleep or enters in a "low power" mode or something if I don't use the PC. but since uT is running MAYBE tries to use that drive, and makes it crash. Could that be possible? How to know for sure if the external drive does that, and to prevent it from doing so. Any more ideas of what may be causing that? Specs: Windows 7 Pro, 64-bit, 2 GB RAM. Latest version of uTorrent (although it has been happening for a while now). UPDATE: i just found out that uTorrent has Disk cache options ( preferences - advanced - disk cache ). I have no idea if that may be causing problems with my external drive, hence causing the crash.

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• Caching/preloading files on Linux into RAM

  - by Andrioid

  I have a rather old server that has 4GB of RAM and it is pretty much serving the same files all day, but it is doing so from the hard drive while 3GBs of RAM are "free". Anyone who has ever tried running a ram-drive can witness that It's awesome in terms of speed. The memory usage of this system is usually never higher than 1GB/4GB so I want to know if there is a way to use that extra memory for something good. Is it possible to tell the filesystem to always serve certain files out of RAM? Are there any other methods I can use to improve file reading capabilities by use of RAM? More specifically, I am not looking for a 'hack' here. I want file system calls to serve the files from RAM without needing to create a ram-drive and copy the files there manually. Or at least a script that does this for me. Possible applications here are: Web servers with static files that get read alot Application servers with large libraries Desktop computers with too much RAM Any ideas? Edit: Found this very informative: The Linux Page Cache and pdflush As Zan pointed out, the memory isn't actually free. What I mean is that it's not being used by applications and I want to control what should be cached in memory.

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• Windows 8 Fails to install with corrupted graphics

  - by Andy

  I am trying to install Windows 8 Pro Upgrade via the download method on an older PC (07-08). It is a Dell Dimension E521 but it has been upgraded with a 3.0 Ghz Dual Core AMD Processor, 120 GB SSD, and 4 GB of RAM. The Windows 8 upgrade assistant did not detect any issues or concerns with upgrading other than I don't have DVD software installed. The system install Windows 8 but on the first boot, corrupt graphics are present. Eventually, the monitor will go into sleep mode and then roll back to Windows 7 Pro X64 which runs fine. I wouldn't be upset over not being able to install Windows 8, but I already paid for the software since I thought there would be no issues upgrading. The Graphics card in the system is the Geforce 7300LE and it has the latest NVidia drivers for Windows 7 loaded. I saw this solution which is similar to my problem: Corrupt graphics during Windows 8 installation However, I have downloaded Windows 8 and I am not sure how to go about modifying the install that resides somewhere on the hard drive. Thanks in advance for any assistance.

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• Having trouble keeping a 1GB RAM Centos server running

  - by Josh

  This is my first time configuring a VPS server and I'm having a few issues. We're running Wordpress on a 1GB Centos server configured per the internet (online research). No custom queries or anything crazy but closing in on 8K posts. At arbitrary intervals, the server just goes down. From the client side, it just says "Loading..." and will spin more or less indefinitely. On the server side, the shell will lock completely. We have to do a hard reboot from the control panel and then everything is fine. Watching "top" I see it hovering between 35 - 55% memory usage generally and occasional spikes up to around 80%. When I saw it go down, there were about 30 - 40 Apache processes showing which pushed memory over the edge. "error_log" tells me that maxclients was reached right before each reboot instance. I've tried tinkering with that but to no avail. I think we'll probably need to bump the server up to the next RAM level but with ~120K pageviews per month, it seems like that's a bit overkill since it was running fairly well on a shared server before. Any ideas? httpd.conf and my.cnf values to add? I'll update this with the current ones if that helps. Thanks in advance! This has been a fun and important learning experience but, overall, quite frustrating! Edit: quick top snapshot: top - 15:18:15 up 2 days, 13:04, 1 user, load average: 0.56, 0.44, 0.38 Tasks: 85 total, 2 running, 83 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 6.7%us, 3.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 89.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st Mem: 2051088k total, 736708k used, 1314380k free, 199576k buffers Swap: 4194300k total, 0k used, 4194300k free, 287688k cached

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