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  • auto-mounting shared folders in VirtualBox

    - by brannerchinese
    I am writing to ask what the effect of the auto-mounting process is in VirtualBox, and where the folders can be accessed within a guest Linux system if auto-mount is used. I have VirtualBox 4.0.4 installed on Mac OS 10.6.7, with Guest Additions apparently running correctly. The guest OS is Ubuntu 10.04, and I observe no apparent problems with it. I find that if the shared folders have "auto-mount" unchecked in the VirtualBox settings, they can then be mounted using the prescribed syntax sudo mount -t vboxsf folder_name path_to_mount_point and all works as it is supposed to. But if the auto-mount option is checked, then I find that I can no longer mount the shared folders manually. I get the error mounting failed with the error: Invalid argument and the folders also do not appear to mount anywhere else accessible to me. Using the syntax sudo mount -t vboxsf without specifying a path installs them in /media, with their names prefixed with sf_, but they are not easily accessible there and I have not been able to change their owner using chown, either. Thanks for your patient explanation.

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  • nginx: dump HTTP requests for debugging

    - by Alexander Gladysh
    Ubuntu 10.04.2 nginx 0.7.65 I see some weird HTTP requests coming to my nginx server. To better understand what is going on, I want to dump whole HTTP request data for such queries. (I.e. dump all request headers and body somewhere I can read them.) Can I do this with nginx? Alternatively, is there some HTTP server that allows me to do this out of the box, to which I can proxy these requests by the means of nginx? Update: Note that this box has a bunch of normal traffic, and I would like to avoid capturing all of it on low level (say, with tcpdump) and filtering it out later. I think it would be much easier to filter good traffic first in a rewrite rule (fortunately I can write one quite easily in this case), and then deal with bogus traffic only. And I do not want to channel bogus traffic to another box just to be able to capture it there with tcpdump. Update 2: To give a bit more details, bogus request have parameter named (say) foo in their GET query (the value of the parameter can differ). Good requests are guaranteed not to have this parameter ever. If I can filter by this in tcpdump or ngrep somehow — no problem, I'll use these.

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  • Move a screen session back to its original PID

    - by cron410
    Installed McMyAdmin (minecraft manager) on Ubuntu 12.04 32 bit. Wrote my own service to start McMyAdmin (.net app running in Mono) in its own screen session, and be able to inject proper McMyAdmin commands into that session with the init.d script. Its been running great! Today, I decided to start installing a Source dedicated server (counterstrike pro mod) I determine its going to be a long download process so I quit the process and fire up a fresh screen session called "source". I paste the command in, but it has a space at the begining and bash complains of ignoring semaphores or some such. I detach and reattach the session. Its sliding like butter. I ctrl+a-d out of the session and start exploring the new folder structure and figure out where I need to place a symbolic link. I go to resume that screen and this is what I see: $screen -r source There are several suitable screens on 20091.source (12/02/12 22:59:53) (Detached) 19972.source (12/02/12 22:57:31) (Detached) 917.minecraft (11/30/12 15:30:37) (Attached) It appears I am connected to the minecraft screen?!?!?! So I attach to the other screens one at a time. minecraft is running in 19972.source and sourceds is running in 20091.source So how the hell did I move the minecraft process to another session called source and my main terminal is now "attached" to the minecraft screen? more: I just used exit to quit the putty session, then logged back in, its still the same. did that 3 more times and now the minecraft screen is gone and everything is acting as it should except, of course, for the session name and start time of the "new" minecraft screen. Should I just submit this as a bug for GNU screen?

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  • KVM and libvirt: How to configure a new disc device to an existing VM?

    - by initall
    I've got an Ubuntu 9.04 server running two VM's. In /etc/libvirt/qemu/machine1.xml two disk devices are defined like this: <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/vserver/machine1/disk0.qcow2'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/vserver/machine1/disk1.qcow2'/> <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/> </disk> I need more storage space in at least one of the devices and thought about adding a third hdc device by simply adding one with same style as above and re-organising my mount structure (The virtual sizes of the current qcow2 files are unfortunately limited.) My problem is that reloading libvirtd and restarting the VM do not result in a new visible device (checked with fdisk). I'm aware of extending an existing qcow2 file (converting to raw format, cat-ing/adding the new one, using smth. like gparted) - but only as a last resort. Hopefully it's something very simple I'm missing?

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  • Apache2 Re-Routing from Domain Name to Internal IP Address

    - by Richard Grey
    The problem that I am having, is that when someone goes to my domain name example.co.uk, for some reason, apache seems to be re-routing the request to the internal IP address of the server, i.e. 192.168.0.52 My Apache2 default sites enabled file is as follows: ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName trusteeguard.co.uk ServerAlias www.trusteeguard.co.uk DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride All Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/trusteeguard-error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/trusteeguard-access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> This is an Ubuntu box if that is any help ;)

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  • checksecurity / setuid changes, is this a bug or did somebody break in?

    - by Fabian Zeindl
    I received a mail by checksecurity from my ubuntu 12.04 server with the following content: --- setuid.today 2012-06-03 06:48:09.892436281 +0200 +++ /var/log/setuid/setuid.new.tmp 2012-06-17 06:47:51.376597730 +0200 @@ -30,2 +30,2 @@ - 131904 4755 2 root root 71280 Wed May 16 07:23:08.0000000000 2012 ./usr/bin/sudo - 131904 4755 2 root root 71280 Wed May 16 07:23:08.0000000000 2012 ./usr/bin/sudoedit + 143967 4755 2 root root 71288 Fri Jun 1 05:53:44.0000000000 2012 ./usr/bin/sudo + 143967 4755 2 root root 71288 Fri Jun 1 05:53:44.0000000000 2012 ./usr/bin/sudoedit @@ -42 +42 @@ - 130507 666 1 root root 0 Sat Jun 2 18:04:57.0752979385 2012 ./var/spool/postfix/dev/urandom + 130507 666 1 root root 0 Mon Jun 11 08:47:16.0919802556 2012 ./var/spool/postfix/dev/urandom First i was worried, then i realized that the change was actually 2 weeks ago, i think there was a sudo-update back then. Since checksecurity runs in /etc/cron.daily i wondered why i only get that email now. I looked into /var/log/setuid/ and found the following files: total 32 -rw-r----- 1 root adm 816 Jun 17 06:47 setuid.changes -rw-r----- 1 root adm 228 Jun 3 06:48 setuid.changes.1.gz -rw-r----- 1 root adm 328 May 27 06:47 setuid.changes.2.gz -rw-r----- 1 root root 1248 May 20 06:47 setuid.changes.3.gz -rw-r----- 1 root adm 4473 Jun 17 06:47 setuid.today -rw-r----- 1 root adm 4473 Jun 3 06:48 setuid.yesterday The obvious thing that confuses me is that the file setuid.yesterday is not from yesterday = Jun/16. Is this a bug?

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  • mount.nfs: access denied by server while mounting (Kerberos authentication)

    - by Nick
    There's plenty of references to this error on Goggle, and even a question here with the same title, but it seems that "access denied by server while mounting" is a catch-all error. I've tried suggestions that others have used to fix this problem, but they did not work in my case. I'm trying to set-up a Kerberos-based NFS file server with shared homes for a Linux network. I'm using Ubuntu 11.04 Servers and clients. When trying to mount a share using: mount 192.168.1.115:/export/home/ /media/tmp I get: mount.nfs: access denied by server while mounting 192.168.1.115:/export/home/ This is the same if I mount it from a client machine or from the server itself. On the server, in /var/log/syslog I get: Aug 25 06:22:37 nfs mountd[1580]: authenticated mount request from 192.168.1.115:835 for /export/home (/export/home) Aug 25 06:22:37 nfs mountd[1580]: authenticated unmount request from 192.168.1.115:766 for /export/home (/export/home) Which is odd, since it says it's authenticated the request, not denying it. /etc/exports: /export *(rw,fsid=0,crossmnt,insecure,async,no_subtree_check,sec=krb5p:krb5i:krb5) /export/home *(rw,insecure,async,no_subtree_check,sec=krb5p:krb5i:krb5) On client: me@dt1:/$ rpcinfo -p 192.168.1.115 program vers proto port 100000 2 tcp 111 portmapper 100024 1 udp 37320 status 100024 1 tcp 48460 status 100003 2 tcp 2049 nfs 100003 3 tcp 2049 nfs 100003 4 tcp 2049 nfs 100227 2 tcp 2049 100227 3 tcp 2049 100003 2 udp 2049 nfs 100003 3 udp 2049 nfs 100003 4 udp 2049 nfs 100227 2 udp 2049 100227 3 udp 2049 100021 1 udp 58625 nlockmgr 100021 3 udp 58625 nlockmgr 100021 4 udp 58625 nlockmgr 100021 1 tcp 49616 nlockmgr 100021 3 tcp 49616 nlockmgr 100021 4 tcp 49616 nlockmgr 100005 1 udp 45627 mountd 100005 1 tcp 60265 mountd 100005 2 udp 45627 mountd 100005 2 tcp 60265 mountd 100005 3 udp 45627 mountd 100005 3 tcp 60265 mountd Any suggestions I could try?

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  • Cannot Connect to VSFTP outside of network

    - by jnolte
    I am having a hair pulling issue with my VSFTPD. I am not sure where to turn and I have went through to make sure everything is working properly and when trying to connect to ftp using ftp localhost I am able to login with the username and password I have specified. When I try to connect from outside I get the prompt Connected to domainname.com. but no prompt for user and password in addition when using an FTP client it hangs up and never connects. The server is running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and VSFTPD 2.3.5 Here is the output of running iptables -L : http://pastie.org/4892233 Here is he output when running ps -FC vsftpd : root 14343 1 0 1168 984 3 16:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/vsftpd Here is output of running netstat -tlpn | grep vsftpd : tcp6 0 0 :::21 :::* LISTEN 14343/vsftpd I have uninstalled and reinstalled many times and tried several different configurations and am at a complete loss on why this may not be working. We very often use the same configuration on the same type of servers with no issues. Thank you in advance for your help.

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  • How do I mount an external USB hard drive on my Sheevaplug?

    - by James
    I've acquired a Sheevaplug running - I think - Ubuntu. I'd like to mount an external USB hard drive, but I don't know the name of the device that needs mounting. When I list the devices under /dev, a long list is produced. How do I find out which device listed needs to be mounted? Update: When I run dmesg after plugging the device in, I see the following at the end: usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_marvell and address 6 usb 1-1: device not accepting address 6, error -71 usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_marvell and address 7 usb 1-1: device not accepting address 7, error -71 usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_marvell and address 8 usb 1-1: device not accepting address 8, error -71 usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_marvell and address 9 usb 1-1: device not accepting address 9, error -71 And when I view /var/log/messages, I can see this: Sep 23 21:26:03 debian kernel: usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_ma$ Sep 23 21:26:04 debian kernel: usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_ma$ Sep 23 21:26:05 debian kernel: usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_ma$ Sep 23 21:26:05 debian kernel: usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_ma$ Unfortunately, I don't know what these mean.

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  • Installing and running two postgresql versions on different ports (or two instances of same server)

    - by Andrius
    I have postgresql 9.1 installed on my machine (Ubuntu). I need another postgresql server that would run next to the old one. Exact version does not matter, but I'm thinking of using 9.2 version. How could I properly install and run another postgresql version without screwing old one (like upgrading). So those versions would run independently on different ports. Old one on 5432 and new one on 5433 for example. The reason I need this is for two OpenERP versions databases. If I run two OpenERP servers (with different versions) on single postgresql port, it crashes because new OpenERP version detects old versions database and tries to run it, but it crashes because it uses another schemes. P.S or maybe I could just run same postgresql server on two ports? Update So far I tried this: /usr/lib/postgresql/9.1/bin/pg_ctl initdb -D main2 It created new cluster. I changed port to 5433 in new clusters directory postgresql.conf file. Then ran this: /usr/lib/postgresql/9.1/bin/pg_ctl -D main2 -l logfile start I got response server starting. But when I tried to enter new cluster's template database with: psql template1 -p 5433 I got this error: psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5433"? Also now when I try to stop server with: /usr/lib/postgresql/9.1/bin/pg_ctl -D main2 -l logfile start I get this error: pg_ctl: PID file "main2/postmaster.pid" does not exist Is server running? So I don't understand if server is running and what I'm missing here? Update Found what was wrong. Stupid me. I didn't notice that when I changed port in .conf file, that line was commented already. So actually I didn't change anything first time, but thought I did and it used default 5432 port.

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  • How to have PHP and mod_wsgi python app on the same domain?

    - by Lazik
    I am using apache with mod_wsgi (python3) on ubuntu 12.04. I have a python app (bottle) which is at www.mysite.com/ In my python app I have routes like www.mysite.com/abbb?q=blab I would like a path www.mysite.com/forum to resolve to a php app (simple machine forums) Ideally I would like to use apache to handle the forum part and pass it to php (instead of coding it in the python app). Don't know if it's possible. I'm new to this, I have read https://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ConfigurationGuidelines#The_Apache_Alias_Directive but I don't understand how to use it. Here is my apache conf for the mod_wsgi app, I don't know how to specify the PHP portion. <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.ex.com ServerAlias ex.com *.ex.com RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}$1 [R=301,L] WSGIDaemonProcess ex user=www-data group=www-data processes=1 threads=5 WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/vhosts/ex/app.wsgi <Directory /var/www/vhosts/ex> WSGIProcessGroup ex WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL} Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost>

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  • Edubuntu video playback and apt-get

    - by asdasd
    They had installed some modified edubuntu's at school... So i have some questions about setting some things up: How we can play HD videos ? They are made for windows machines and are in .wmv format but we need to play them on our multimedia class but don't know how - which player, which codecs etc. How to edit properly the /etc/apt/sources file ? Anything we try to install via apt-get it just says that E:\ is not available. Please tell me which repositories to put in there so we could be able to install some tools. Where are usually viruses/trojans put in ubuntu ? I mean in which directories ? Because our computers are behaving really slow and we need to check for some malware manually - we are not even allowed to install any kind of AV software. So tell me the usual directories and places for hiding such files, how are they hiddem, how to recognize them etc. Any others nice tricks/tips that we need to know. Thank you very much in advance.

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  • OwnCloud RSA certificate configured for SERVER- ISSUE, webpage has a redirect loop

    - by jmituzas
    I had Owncloud running on a server that had died, I remember installing being easy, I have migrated server and Owncloud is one of the last apps to install. Ok Just downloaded and installed the newest version of Owncloud on a Ubuntu 14.04 server with PHP 5.5.9-1, I am trying the manual install. I have tried adding repo and installing from apt-get install owncloud, did not work for me :/, whereis owncloud reported nothing. It's installed but never was able to bring up site. Now for my issue I finished the manual install from .tar.bz2 when it came time to login I receive "This webpage has a redirect loop" , I receive the error from Chrome and Safari web browsers. I can't login at all, with no user, I get the error page. Don't know if it is related or not but here's a look at the owncloud-error.log "RSA certificate configured for "mysite.com" Does NOT include an ID which matches the server name" Installed new ssl cert with CN as my ServerName directive in the vhost config file, same error :/ Re-installed owncloud same issue... Out of ideas. Thanks in advance, jmituzas

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  • Can start-stop-daemon use environmental variables?

    - by scottburton11
    I need to daemonize a Windows app running in Wine, and create a pid in /var/run. Since it requires an X11 session to run, I need to make sure the $DISPLAY variable is set in the running user's environment. Assuming I already have a X11 session running, with a given display, here's what the start-stop-daemon line looks like in my /etc/init.d script: start-stop-daemon --start --pidfile /var/run/wine-app.pid -m -c myuser -g mygroup -k 002 --exec /home/myuser/.wine/drive_c/Program\ Files/wine-app.exe Unfortunately, my version of start-stop-daemon on Ubuntu 8.04 doesn't have the -e option to set environmental variables. I gather that you could simply set $DISPLAY before the command, like so: VAR1="Value" start-stop-daemon ... But it doesn't work. Since I'm using the -c {user} option to run as a specific user, I'm guessing there's an environment switch and VAR1 is lost. I've tried exporting DISPLAY from the running user's .profile and/or .bashrc but it doesn't work either. Is there another way to do this? Is this even possible? Am I overlooking something? Many thanks

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  • Startup script for Red5 on Ubuntu 9.04

    - by user49249
    I am creating startup script for Red5 on Ubuntu. Red5 is installed in /opt/red5 Following is a working script on a CentOS Box on which Red5 is running [code] ==========Start init script ========== #!/bin/sh PROG=red5 RED5_HOME=/opt/red5/dist DAEMON=$RED5_HOME/$PROG.sh PIDFILE=/var/run/$PROG.pid # Source function library . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions [ -r /etc/sysconfig/red5 ] && . /etc/sysconfig/red5 RETVAL=0 case "$1" in start) echo -n $"Starting $PROG: " cd $RED5_HOME $DAEMON >/dev/null 2>/dev/null & RETVAL=$? if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then echo $! > $PIDFILE touch /var/lock/subsys/$PROG fi [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success $"$PROG startup" || failure $"$PROG startup" echo ;; stop) echo -n $"Shutting down $PROG: " killproc -p $PIDFILE RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$PROG ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; status) status $PROG -p $PIDFILE RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}" RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL [/code] What do I need to replace for Ubuntu in the above script. My Red5 is in /opt/red5/ and to start it manually I always do /opt/red5/dist/red5.sh from Ubuntu As I did not find rc.d/functions on Ubuntu on my laptop also /etc/init.d/functions I did not existed. I would like to be able to use them with service as Red hat distributions do. I checked /lib/lsb/init-functions.

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  • Can Octopussy use messages other than syslog style?

    - by Lee Lowder
    I am currently exploring different options for a centralized log server. We use both Linux (Ubuntu 10.04 / 12.04, LTS for both) and Windows, though for this specific issue only Linux is relevant. I like the interface that octopussy has and it's feature list, but I am hesitant due to a few things. One of the biggest concerns I have is that it seems to be syslog only. The end goal is to have a centralized place for our devs and admins to be able to search through the logs generated by Apache, Tomcat and 70+ web apps spread out among a cluster, for both our prod and test environments. While I did see that octopussy has support for plugins, I haven't been able to find any sort of plugin repo or in depth guides as to what can be done with them. Does anyone know if plugins can be used to allow octopussy to non-syslog messages? Specifically log4j type log messages that may include multi-line stack traces and such. Also, is there a user community for this software, such as a mailing list or forum? I've been unable to locate any so far. Thank you.

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  • Installing Ubuntu guest crashes Hyper-V host

    - by Grant
    I have a weird problem that I don't even know where to begin diagnosing. Trying to install Ubuntu to a VM locks up the host system! My setup is: Dell R715 server, dual 16 core AMD opteron processors, 96GB RAM Dell MD3600f SAN Server 2008 R2 Datacenter System Center VMM 2012 There are 5 windows virtual machines running that have had no problems. This is the first linux VM I've tried to create. I setup a VM through virtual machine manager, set the CD drive to a Ubuntu 12.04 server x64 iso, and started it up. It boots up the normal ubuntu install menu, but the second I hit enter on "Install Ubuntu Server", I get disconnected. The HOST machine stops responding to pings. So do all virtual machines on it. It locks up entirely - keyboard on the host won't work, mouse won't move, numlock light won't change. There's no blue screen - the host is sitting at the login screen completely unresponsive. I can't find any relevant logs in event viewer after rebooting. What could cause the host machine to freeze like that? It's not a one time occurrence - it happens every time at the exact same point. Thank god this server isn't in production yet!

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  • Using <VirtualHost> over .htaccess for mod_rewrite

    - by DarkWolffe
    I have a LAMP stack installed on Ubuntu 12.10 with three sites created under /etc/apache2/sites-available, all of which are working. My problem lies in wanting to use those files over .htaccess for appending the .php file extension from the URL. My file currently stands as such: # The VGC <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName thevgc.net ServerAlias www.thevgc.net DocumentRoot /var/www/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /var/www/www/> Options Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews Includes RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.php [L,QSA] AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> I'm almost certain I'm doing something wrong. All I know is that my .htaccess files refused to append the extension, or rather find the file that has the same name and load that file, so I wanted to go about this method. Any suggestions? Here is an example page from my site.

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  • Routing / binding 128 IPs to one server

    - by Andrew
    I have a Ubuntu server with 128 ip's (static external ips 86.xx.xx.16), and I want to crawl pages thru different ip's. The gateway is xx.xxx.xxx.1, the main ip is xx.xxx.xxx.16, and the other 128 ip's are xx.xxx.xxx.129/255. I tried this configuration in /etc/network/interfaces but I doesn't work. It work if I remove the gateway for the aliases eth0:0 and eth0:1. I think this is routing problem. auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 auto eth0:0 auto eth0:1 iface eth0 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.16 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 iface eth0:0 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.129 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 iface eth0:1 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.130 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 Also, please tell me how to "reset" every changes that I made in networking and routing. Update: I removed the gateway and now it works. I can reach the website thru all 128 ip's. But when I try to bind a socket connection in php to a specific ip I get no answer. socket_bind($sock, "xx.xxx.xx.xxx"); socket_connect($sock, 'google.com', 80); I tryed to use a sniffer to see the packets, and I see the packet sent from binded ip to google.com but the "connection" can't be established. I don't know anything about "route" command, but I have a feeling that this is the solution.

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  • Configure linux machine as bridge/switch and end device

    - by leemes
    At my home, I have two desktop PCs in two rooms. The router / DSL modem is in one of these rooms. Now I want to configure a home server (having 2 LAN ports, running 24/7) in the corridor between the two rooms, using only one LAN cable at each door. This gives me the following physical configuration: (door) (door) .----/-/----. .-----/-/----------._ FritzBox | | | .----´´ DSL Router PC1 Server | PC2 As just said, the server has 2 network interfaces and is running Ubuntu. What I need now is a network configuration which enables both the server and PC1 to connect to the router. I think the server needs to serve as a bridge or switch. Currently, all computers are configured having static IP addresses. If I'm understanding it correctly, a bridge / switch doesn't have its own IP address, but as the server needs to be configured as an own end device, it needs to have one. My first question is, do I have to configure both interfaces separately, giving both the same static IP address? My next question is, how do I bridge the two physical networks into one? I have basic understanding (but am always confused again and again) of bridges and switches, but I don't know how to configure it in software. I only know that it's possible to do so :) The third question is: Is it possible to configure this in a way that network packets from/to PC1 to/from the router only go through hardware or only consume low CPU in the server? Can you help me? Thanks in advance!

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  • Echo 404 directly from nginx to improve performance

    - by user64204
    I am in charge of production servers serving static content for a website. Those servers are constantly being crawled by bots looking for potential exploits (which isn't that much of a problem security-wise because no application can be reached behind the web server) but generates thousands of 404 per day, sometimes per hour. I am looking into ways of blocking those requests but it's tricky (you want to make sure you don't block legitimate traffic and these bots are becoming more and more clever at looking like they're legit) and is going to take me a while to find an acceptable solution. In the meantime I would like to reduce the performance impact of serving those 404 pages. Indeed we're using nginx which by default is configured to serve it's 404 page from the disk (This can be changed using the error_page directive but in the end the 404 will either have to be served from disk or from another external source (e.g. upstream application which would be worst)) which isn't ideal. I ran a test with ab on my local machine with a basic configuration: in one case I echo a message directly from nginx so the disk isn't touched at all, in the other case I hit a missing page and nginx serves its 404 from disk. server { # [...] the default nginx stuff location / { } location /this_page_exists { echo "this page was found"; } } Here are the test results (my laptop has Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2670QM + SSD in case you're wondering why they are so high): $ ab -n 500000 -c 1000 http://localhost/this_page_exists Requests per second: 25609.16 [#/sec] (mean) $ ab -n 500000 -c 1000 http://localhost/this_page_doesnt_exists Requests per second: 22905.72 [#/sec] (mean) As you can see, returning a value with echo is 11% ((25609-22905)÷22905×100) faster than serving the 404 page from disk. Accordingly I would like to echo a simple 404 Page not Found string from nginx. I tried many things so far but they all failed, essentially the idea was this: location / { try_files $uri @not_found; } location @not_found { echo "404 - Page not found"; } The problem is that as soon as the echo directive is used, the http response code is set to 200. I tried changing that by doing error_page 200 = 400 but that breaks the configuration. How can I serve a 404 page directly from nginx? (without hacking the source which may be might next step)

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  • Isolating Apache virtualhosts from the rest of the system

    - by JesperB
    I am setting up a web server that will host a number of different web sites as Apache VirtualHosts, each of these will have the possibility to run scripts (primarily PHP, possiblu others). My question is how I isolate each of these VirtualHosts from eachother and from the rest of the system? I don't want e.g. website X to read the configuration of website Y or any of the server's "private" files. At the moment I have set up the VirtualHosts with FastCGI, PHP and SUExec as described here (http://x10hosting.com/forums/vps-tutorials/148894-debian-apache-2-2-fastcgi-php-5-suexec-easy-way.html), but the SUExec only prevents users from editing/executing files other than their own - the users can still read sensitive information such as config files. I have thought about removing the UNIX global read permission for all files on the server, as this would fix the above problem, but I'm not sure if I can safely do this without disrupting the server function. I also looked into using chroot, but it seems that this can only be done on a per-server basis, and not on a per-virtual-host basis. I'm looking for any suggestions that will isolate my VirtualHosts from the rest of the system. PS I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 server

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  • I cannot connect to home server after a few hours

    - by Iago
    I have an old PC and I decided to revive it. A LAMP (for my own use) and a P2P server (torrent and e2dk). My old PC is an AMD Athlon XP (1400 MHz) with 384 Mb of RAM First of all I installed Ubuntu Server 11.10, SSH, FTP, SAMBA and LAMP. With this configuration my home server works well, with no problem. Then I went to the P2P server and I tried rTorrent and then uTorrent Server Alpha. And here is my problem. After a few hours (maybe 10 hours, or maybe 30 hours) with the torrent app running (rTorrent or uTorrent) I lose the connection to my home server. That is, I cannot access via ssh, I cannot access the apache server, etc. but I can ping the home server. It seems that the server freezes and all I can do is reboot the server physically. So, I have two questions: What is the problem? and How can I solve it?

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  • Why is ssh agent forwarding not working?

    - by J. Pablo Fernández
    In my own computer, running MacOSX, I have this in ~/.ssh/config Host * ForwardAgent yes Host b1 ForwardAgent yes b1 is a virtual machine running Ubuntu 12.04. I ssh to it like this: ssh pupeno@b1 and I get logged in without being asked for a password because I already copied my public key. Due to forwarding, I should be able to ssh to pupeno@b1 from b1 and it should work, without asking me for a password, but it doesn't. It asks me for a password. What am I missing? This is the verbose output of the second ssh: pupeno@b1:~$ ssh -v pupeno@b1 OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to b1 [127.0.1.1] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY debug1: Server host key: ECDSA 35:c0:7f:24:43:06:df:a0:bc:a7:34:4b:da:ff:66:eb debug1: Host 'b1' is known and matches the ECDSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/pupeno/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/pupeno/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug1: Next authentication method: password pupeno@b1's password:

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  • Liked Arch Linux - but I am still not sure if its the right distro for me...

    - by BlackAndGold
    As the title says... I used Arch Linux for a while and liked it a lot: leightweight, sleek, fast and well documented with a great community. However I had to format my hd and for the sake of being too lazy to reinstall arch, I used windows 7 exclusively for a while. Now I want to get back to linux again (still dual boot), mainly for web development purposes and using handy tools such as rsync ect. Again, I liked Arch, but there is too much tweeking, too much reading up and too much figuring out what to do as well es some bad suprises especially when you need them the least and when just quickly want to get some work done. I kind of would like to have a little more "out of the box" distro that is still fast and somewhat leighweight and of course reliable. I actually considered Ubuntu, which I am not too big of a fan of, but I will still give the minimal install a shot. However other distros seem interesting as well, such as crunchbang and mint debian ecpecially. My question, hoping this isn't too boring for many you, what is the right distro for me?

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