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  • Protecting an Application's Memory From Tampering

    - by Changeling
    We are adding AES 256 bit encryption to our server and client applications for encrypting the TCP/IP traffic containing sensitive information. We will be rotating the keys daily. Because of that, the keys will be stored in memory with the applications. Key distribution process: Each server and client will have a list of initial Key Encryption Key's (KEK) by day If the client has just started up or the server has just started up, the client will request the daily key from the server using the initial key. The server will respond with the daily key, encrypted with the initial key. The daily key is a randomly generated set of alphanumeric characters. We are using AES 256 bit encryption. All subsequent communications will be encrypted using that daily key. Nightly, the client will request the new daily key from the server using the current daily key as the current KEK. After the client gets the new key, the new daily key will replace the old daily key. Is it possible for another bad application to gain access to this memory illegally or is this protected in Windows? The key will not be written to a file, only stored in a variable in memory. If an application can access the memory illegally, how can you protect the memory from tampering? We are using C++ and XP (Vista/7 may be an option in the future so I don't know if that changes the answer).

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  • What are the Hot and Cold observables?

    - by Sergey Aldoukhov
    I watched the video and I know the general principles - hot happens even when nobody is subscribed, cold happens "on demand". Also, Publish() converts cold to hot and Defer() converts hot to cold. But still, I feel I am missing the details. Here are some questions I'd like to have answered: Can you give a comprehensive definition for these terms? Does it ever make sense to call Publish on hot observable or Defer on cold? Is there differences between hot and cold definitions for IObservable and IEnumerable? What are the general principles you should take into account when programming for cold or hot? Any other tips on hot/cold observables?

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  • Examples of useful or non-trival dual interfaces

    - by Scott Weinstein
    Recently Erik Meijer and others have show how IObservable/IObserver is the dual of IEnumerable/IEnumerator. The fact that they are dual means that any operation on one interface is valid on the other, thus providing a theoretical foundation for the Reactive Extentions for .Net Do other dual interfaces exist? I'm interested in any example, not just .Net based.

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  • How to motivate as a project leader?

    - by Zenzen
    Ok so some of you might think this is not stackoverflow related, but since I got a similar question during an interview (for a J2EE dev position) I think you guys will help me in the end. The situation is simple: you're working on a project in a small group (4-5 people), you're the project leader and the guy who's the most competent (technology wise) is also slacking the most. What do you do to motivate him? The problem is, I'm having the same issue at the university - this semester we have a lot of projects going on (6 to be exact) so we decided to dived the work so everyone will do 1-2 projects in a technology he knows/wants to learn. It's been working well for the most part, the problem is the person whom we thought would finish his project way before us as he's the most experienced among us. How am I supposed to make him do his share properly? Till now he was just half assing his part by doing the bare minimum, with which the professor wasn't really pleased to say the least... Now it's only a university project, but in the future I might have the same problem in a real job and losing a really smart and experienced worker (as firing him is the only solution I can come up with now) would really be a waste. Aren't there any better ways? p.s. now that I think about it, are there any books that would help me in becoming a better project manager?

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  • YAQ: Yet Another Question

    - by Jerome WAGNER
    When you have to code something, you can either : start from scratch (Yet Another approach) fork another existing project participate in an existing project to add the features you miss What do you think are the keys aspects that make you choose option 1, 2 or 3 ?

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  • Received memory warning and app crashes - iphone

    - by Anand Gautam
    I am creating an app using ARC but my app is crashing due to Received memory warning. The App is working fine in simulator. But in case of iphone device, If i run the app for few minutes then on doing anything, the app crashes straightaway. I have checked my app by xcode instrument. My app folder size is 6 MB but all memory allocation is showing 63 MB on xcode instrument. Because of this reason, presentViewController-Animated-Completion is getting slow during navigation. Does anyone have any solution why this is happening?

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  • How to copy an array of char pointers with a larger list of char pointers?

    - by Casey Link
    My function is being passed a struct containing, among other things, a NULL terminated array of pointers to words making up a command with arguments. I'm performing a glob match on the list of arguments, to expand them into a full list of files, then I want to replace the passed argument array with the new expanded one. The globbing is working fine, that is, g.gl_pathv is populated with the list of expected files. However, I am having trouble copying this array into the struct I was given. #include <glob.h> struct command { char **argv; // other fields... } void myFunction( struct command * cmd ) { char **p = cmd->argv; char* program = *p++; // save the program name (e.g 'ls', and increment to the first argument glob_t g; memset(&g, 0, sizeof(g)); int res = glob(*p, 0, NULL, &g); *p++ // increment while (*p) { glob(*p++, GLOB_APPEND, NULL, &g); // append the matches } // here i want to replace cmd->argv with the expanded g.gl_pathv memcpy(cmd->argv, g.gl_pathv, g.gl_pathc ); // this doesn't work globfree(&g); }

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  • Setting an XAML Window always on top (but no TopMost property)

    - by Brian Scherady
    I am developing an application based on OptiTrack SDK (from NaturalPoint). I need to run the application window as "Always on Top". The window is designed in XAML and is controled in the class "CameraView" but it does not seem to include a "TopMost" property or equivalent. Attached are the code of "CameraView.xaml.cs" and the code of "CameraView.xaml" that are part of OptiTrack SDK (NaturalPoint) called "Single_Camera_CSharp_.NET_3.0". One could expect the class CameraView to contain properties or members to set the position of the window on the screen or to set it to TopMost but as far as searched I found nothing. I wonder what I should do. Thank you, Brian ================ "CameraView.xaml.cs" using System; using System.IO; using System.Net; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Data; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Media.Animation; using System.Windows.Navigation; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.Drawing.Drawing2D; using System.Windows.Threading; namespace TestProject { public partial class CameraView { private const int NP_OPTION_OBJECT_COLOR_OPTION = 3; private const int NP_OPTION_VIDEO_TYPE = 48; private const int NP_OPTION_NUMERIC_DISPLAY_ON = 71; private const int NP_OPTION_NUMERIC_DISPLAY_OFF = 72; private const int NP_OPTION_FETCH_RLE = 73; private const int NP_OPTION_FETCH_GRAYSCALE = 74; private const int NP_OPTION_FRAME_DECIMATION = 52; private const int NP_OPTION_INTENSITY = 50; private const int NP_OPTION_SEND_EMPTY_FRAMES = 41; private const int NP_OPTION_THRESHOLD = 5; private const int NP_OPTION_EXPOSURE = 46; private const int NP_OPTION_SEND_FRAME_MASK = 73; private const int NP_OPTION_TEXT_OVERLAY_OPTION = 74; // public delegate void OnCameraViewCreate(CameraView camera); // public static OnCameraViewCreate onCameraViewCreate; private System.Drawing.Bitmap raw = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(353, 288, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); private int mFrameCounter; private int mDisplayCounter; private DispatcherTimer timer1 = new DispatcherTimer(); private bool mVideoFrameAvailable = false; private int mNumeric = -1; private bool mGreyscale = false; private bool mOverlay = true; public CameraView() { this.InitializeComponent(); timer1.Interval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 10); timer1.Tick += new EventHandler(timer1_Tick); } public int Numeric { get { return mNumeric; } set { mNumeric = value % 100; if (mNumeric = 0) { if (Camera != null) Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_NUMERIC_DISPLAY_ON, value % 100); } } } private bool CameraRunning = false; private OptiTrack.NPCamera mCamera; public OptiTrack.NPCamera Camera { get { return mCamera; } set { if (mCamera == value) return; //== Don't do anything if you're assigning the same camera == if (mCamera != null) { //== Shut the selected camera down ==<< if (CameraRunning) { CameraRunning = false; mCamera.Stop(); mCamera.FrameAvailable -= FrameAvailable; } } mCamera = value; if (mCamera == null) { mNumeric = -1; } else { serialLabel.Content = "Camera "+mCamera.SerialNumber.ToString(); //mNumeric.ToString(); } } } private void FrameAvailable(OptiTrack.NPCamera Camera) { mFrameCounter++; try { OptiTrack.NPCameraFrame frame = Camera.GetFrame(0); int id = frame.Id; if (CameraRunning) { GetFrameData(Camera, frame); } frame.Free(); } catch (Exception) { int r = 0; r++; } } private void GetFrameData(OptiTrack.NPCamera camera, OptiTrack.NPCameraFrame frame) { BitmapData bmData = raw.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, raw.Width, raw.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); int stride = bmData.Stride; System.IntPtr bufferPtr = bmData.Scan0; unsafe { byte* buffer = (byte*)(void*)bufferPtr; camera.GetFrameImage(frame, bmData.Width, bmData.Height, bmData.Stride, 32, ref buffer[0]); } raw.UnlockBits(bmData); mVideoFrameAvailable = true; } private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (CameraRunning && mVideoFrameAvailable) { mVideoFrameAvailable = false; cameraImage.Source = Img(raw); mDisplayCounter++; } } private System.Windows.Media.ImageSource Img(System.Drawing.Bitmap img) { System.Drawing.Imaging.BitmapData bmData = img.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, img.Width, img.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppPArgb); System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapSource bitmap = System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapSource.Create( img.Width, img.Height, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Bgra32, System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapPalettes.WebPalette, bmData.Scan0, bmData.Stride * bmData.Height, bmData.Stride); img.UnlockBits(bmData); return bitmap; } private void startStopButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if (CameraRunning) StopCamera(); else StartCamera(); } public void StartCamera() { if (Camera != null) { mFrameCounter = 0; mDisplayCounter = 0; Camera.FrameAvailable += FrameAvailable; Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_VIDEO_TYPE, 0); Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_FRAME_DECIMATION, 1); Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_INTENSITY, 0); Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_EXPOSURE, 10); Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_THRESHOLD, 50); Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_OBJECT_COLOR_OPTION, 0); SetOverlayOption(); SetGreyscaleOption(); timer1.Start(); Camera.Start(); CameraRunning = true; this.Numeric = mNumeric; startStopButton.Content = "Stop Camera"; } } private void SetGreyscaleOption() { if(mGreyscale) Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_VIDEO_TYPE, 1); else Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_VIDEO_TYPE, 0); } private void SetOverlayOption() { if(mOverlay) Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_TEXT_OVERLAY_OPTION, 255); else Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_TEXT_OVERLAY_OPTION, 0); } public void StopCamera() { if (Camera != null) { Camera.Stop(); timer1.Stop(); CameraRunning = false; Camera.FrameAvailable -= FrameAvailable; Camera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_NUMERIC_DISPLAY_OFF, 0); startStopButton.Content = "Start Camera"; } } private void greyscaleButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if(mGreyscale) mGreyscale = false; else mGreyscale = true; SetGreyscaleOption(); } private void OverlayButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if(mOverlay) mOverlay = false; else mOverlay = true; SetOverlayOption(); } private void exposureSlider_ValueChanged(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if (mCamera!=null) { mCamera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_EXPOSURE, (int) this.exposureSlider.Value); } } private void thresholdSlider_ValueChanged(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if (mCamera != null) { mCamera.SetOption(NP_OPTION_THRESHOLD, (int)this.thresholdSlider.Value); } } private void optionsButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if (!propertyPanel.IsVisible) propertyPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Visible; else propertyPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed; } } } ================ "CameraView.xaml"

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  • How to find a programmer for my project?

    - by Al
    I'm building a web application to generate monthly subscription fees, but I've quickly realised I'm going to need some help with the project to finish it this century. I don't have any money upfront for a freelancer and every website I've found takes bids for project work. The tasks that need doing are flexible too because I can do whatever the other coder doesn't want to. I'm also happy to guide the developer and offer tips for performance/security/etc etc. My question is; how do I go about finding someone to work with on a profit-share basis? I'm sure there are a billion people like me with the "next killer app" but I genuinely believe in it. Can anyone offer some advice? Thanks in advance! EDIT: I guess the trick is to find someone passionate enough about the subject as I am. Where would I find someone? Are there websites that broker profit-share deals on programming work?

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  • How can I extract System.Net.Mail from Mono and rename the namespaces?

    - by JL
    Microsoft's implementation of System.Net.Mail does not provide a robust mailing solution. I would like to use Mono's implementation of System.Net.Mail instead, however that namespace is embedded in the System.dll shipped with Mono, and has exact same namespaces as the original .net framework. What I would like to do is instead extract System.Net.Mail from the mono solution and rename namespaces to Mono.System.Net.Mail. Then I can compile this in its own DLL and finally have a mailing solution that works! Can anyone tell me how this can be done?

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  • Save memory in Python. How to iterate over the lines and save them efficiently with a 2million line

    - by skyl
    I have a tab-separated data file with a little over 2 million lines and 19 columns. You can find it, in US.zip: http://download.geonames.org/export/dump/. I started to run the following but with for l in f.readlines(). I understand that just iterating over the file is supposed to be more efficient so I'm posting that below. Still, with this small optimization, I'm using 10% of my memory on the process and have only done about 3% of the records. It looks like, at this pace, it will run out of memory like it did before. Also, the function I have is very slow. Is there anything obvious I can do to speed it up? Would it help to del the objects with each pass of the for loop? def run(): from geonames.models import POI f = file('data/US.txt') for l in f: li = l.split('\t') try: p = POI() p.geonameid = li[0] p.name = li[1] p.asciiname = li[2] p.alternatenames = li[3] p.point = "POINT(%s %s)" % (li[5], li[4]) p.feature_class = li[6] p.feature_code = li[7] p.country_code = li[8] p.ccs2 = li[9] p.admin1_code = li[10] p.admin2_code = li[11] p.admin3_code = li[12] p.admin4_code = li[13] p.population = li[14] p.elevation = li[15] p.gtopo30 = li[16] p.timezone = li[17] p.modification_date = li[18] p.save() except IndexError: pass if __name__ == "__main__": run()

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  • Usage of Maven (and open source in general) in high governance and risk-averse large organizations (

    - by bart
    Does anyone have any good stories of these kinds of organizations being open to using open source (such as tools like Maven etc). Many staff I've encountered have little or no exposure to open source/systems and open source is treated with great suspicion. Some reasons given for this are lack of support and robustness, which is ironic given the number of end-of-life unsupported vendor products that are in production. Bonus points for any success stories where you've seen open source go into orgs like this and have a real benefit!

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  • Do I need to release a copied NSObjects - Objective-c

    - by ncohen
    Hi everyone, I was wondering if I need to release a copied NSObject? For example, I create only one dictionary that I copy into an array: Code: for (int num = 0; num < [object count]; num++) { [dictionary setObject:[object objectAtIndex:num] forKey:@"x"]; [array addObject:[dictionary copy]]; } Do I have to release the dictionary? If yes, when? Thanks

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  • Function Point Analysis -- a seriously over-estimating technique?

    - by kizzx2
    I know questions about FPA has been asked numerous times before, but this time I'm taking a more analytical angle at it, backed up with data. 1. First, some data This question is based on a tutorial. He had a "Sample Count" section where he demonstrated it step by step. You can see some screenshots of his sample application here. In the end, he calculated the unadjusted FP to be 99. There is another article on InformIT with industry data on typical hour/FP. It ranges from 2 hours/FP to 27.4 hours/FP. Let's try to stick with 2 for the moment (since SO readers are probably the more efficient crowd :p). 2. Reality check!? Now just check out the screenshots again. Do a little math here 99 * 2 = 198 hours 198 hours / 40 hours per week = 5 weeks Seriously? That sample application is going to take 5 weeks to implement? Is it just my feeling that it wouldn't take any decent programmer longer than one week to have it completed? Now let's try estimating the cost of the project. We'll use New York's minimum wage at the moment (Wikipedia), which is $7.25 198 * 7.25 = $1435.5 From what I could see from the screenshots, this application is a small excel-improvement app. I could have bought MS Office Pro for 200 bucks which gives me greater interoperability (.xls files) and flexibility (spreadsheets). (For the record, that same Web site has another article discussing productivity. It seems like they typically use 4.2 hours/FP, which gives us even more shocking stats: 99 * 4.2 = 415 hours = 10 weeks = almost 3 whopping months! 415 hours * $7.25 = $3000 zomg (That's even assuming that all our poor coders get the minimum wage!) 3. Am I missing something here? Right now, I could come up with several possible explanation: FPA is really only suited for bigger projects (1000+ FPs) so it becomes extremely inaccurate at smaller scale. The hours/FP metric fluctuates abruptly from team to team, project to project. For a small project like this, we could have used something like 0.5 hour/FP or something. (Now this kind of makes the whole estimation thing pointless, unless my firm does the same type of projects for several years with the same team, not really common.) From my experience with several software metrics, Function Point is really not a lightweight metric. If the hour/FP thing fluctuates so much, then what's the point, maybe I could have gone with User Story Points which is a lot faster to get and arguably almost as uncertain. What would be the FP experts' answers to this?

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  • Large scale perspective lights casting shadow maps, in the most optimized way?

    - by meds
    I'm using projected texture shadows coupled with lights to light a large sports field at night. To do this I'm using shadow cameras which I place in the position of the stadiums lights and shine it down on the field at the appropriate angle. The problem with this method is the textures to which I render the shadows into have to be very large so they can keep sufficient detail over the entire stadium. This is incredibly under optimized since at any given point the players attention is only directed on a small portion of the field meaning large chunks of the texture just take up space wit no benefits. However the issue is the lights need to be perspective based as they come from actual directional lights hovering over the stadium. The way to solve this, I believe, is to figure out in the shadow cameras view matrix it would be to place the actual camera to render from, and adjust the view matrix accordingly to the position it is. So my question is, how can I calculate the optimal position to put the shadow camera and calculate its view matrix such that the shadows it projects will appear to be coming from the light source rather than the camera?

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  • Why might the Large Object Heap grow rather than throw an exception?

    - by Unsliced
    In a previous question I asked possible programatic ways of maximising the largest block allocatable on the LOH. I'm still seeing the problems, but now I'm trying to get my head around why the LOH seems to grow and shrink in size, yet I'm still seeing OutOfMemoryExceptions that tally with what others have reported as being due to LOH fragmentation. Why might one call to, for example, StringBuilder.EnsureCapacity throw an OutOfMemoryException for me, but another call from somewhere else result in the LOH expanding in size (according to the performance counters, it is growing and shrinking)?

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  • Why can't I reclaim my dynamically allocated memory using the "delete" keyword?

    - by synaptik
    I have the following class: class Patient { public: Patient(int x); ~Patient(); private: int* RP; }; Patient::Patient(int x) { RP = new int [x]; } Patient::~Patient() { delete [] RP; } I create an instance of this class on the stack as follows: void f() { Patient p(10); } Now, when f() returns, I get a "double free or corruption" error, which signals to me that something is attempted to be deleted more than once. But I don't understand why that would be so. The space for the array is created on the heap, and just because the function from inside which the space was allocated returns, I wouldn't expect the space to be reclaimed. I thought that if I allocate space on the heap (using the new keyword), then the only way to reclaim that space is to use the delete keyword. Help! :)

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  • Context switch time - Role of RTOS and Processor

    - by S.M
    Does the RTOS play a major role or processor play a major role in determining the time for context switch ? What is the percentage of share between these two major players in determining the context switch time . Can anyone tell with respect to uC/OS-II RTOS ?

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  • Memory leak when returning object

    - by Yakattak
    I have this memory leak that has been very stubborn for the past week or so. I have a class method I use in a class called "ArchiveManager" that will unarchive a specific .dat file for me, and return an array with it's contents. Here is the method: +(NSMutableArray *)unarchiveCustomObject { NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:[NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:/* Archive Path */]]; return array; } I understand I don't have ownership of it at this point, and I return it. CustomObject *myObject = [[ArchiveManager unarchiveCustomObject] objectAtIndex:0]; Then, later when I unarchive it in a view controller to be used (I don't even create an array of it, nor do I make a pointer to it, I just reference it to get something out of the array returned by unarchiveCustomIbject (objectAtIndex). This is where Instruments is calling a memory leak, yet I don't see how this can leak! Any ideas? Thanks in advance. Edit: CustomObject initWithCoder added: -(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder { if (self = [super init]) { self.string1 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kString1]; self.string2 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kString2]; self.string3 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kString3]; UIImage *picture = [[UIImage alloc] initWithData:[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kPicture]]; self.picture = picture; self.array = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kArray]; [picture release]; } return self; }

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