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• Web hosting colo stack, what do i need

  - by james

  I'm looking to colocate a website, obviously running a few apache servers, mysql cluster, SAN servers and load balancer. What else do I need to protect the servers and what would be the best method for DNS as all the web side of things will be in the colo centre and email hosted with another company? Thanks in advance

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• Disadvantages of enabling 'Low Fragmentation Heap' LFH on Windows Server 2003?

  - by James Wiseman

  I've been investigating an issue with a production Classic ASP website running on IIS6 which seems indicative of memory fragmentation. One of the suggestions of how to ameliorate this came from Stackoverflow: How can I find why some classic asp pages randomly take a real long time to execute?. It suggested flipping a setting in the site's global.asa file to 'turn on' Low Fragmentation Heap (LFH). The following code (with a registered version of the accompanying DLL) did the trick. Set LFHObj=CreateObject("TURNONLFH.ObjTurnOnLFH") LFHObj.TurnOnLFH() application("TurnOnLFHResult")=CStr(LFHObj.TurnOnLFHResult) (Really the code isn't that important to the question). An author of a linked post reported a seemingly magic resolution to this issue, and, reading around a little more, I discovered that this setting is enabled by default on Windows Server 2008. So, naturally, this left me a little concerned: Why is this setting not enabled by default on 2003, or If it works in 2008 why have Microsoft not issued a patch to enable it by default on 2003? I suspect the answer to the above is the same for both (if there is one). Obviously, we're testing it in a non-production environment, and doing an array of metrics and comparisons to deem if it does help us. But aside from this I'm really just trying to understand if there's any technical reason why we should do this, or if there are any gotchas that we need to be aware of.

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• Network latency and speed of light

  - by James

  This was kinda of covered by the following Is minimum latency fixed by the speed of light? , but i would like to add the follow up a bit. The scenario is as follows; we have two opposing sites one on the West Coast of the US and one in Ireland. The customer is in central Europe, and has requested a latency test. Ireland gives responses of ~65-70ms. However the West Coast guys claim to be faster with a response of 60ms. Now a quick check says that light in fiber would take about 42ms to make the trip to the States and 8.5ms to Ireland. So obviously this is a single hop and does not include routers, switches, firewalls, protocol overhead etc. Would I be right to call BS on their figures? As a final note I tested a ping to Google IP address that was allegedly on the west coast from a site that covered a similar distance and was amazed to get a response time of 20ms. Suggesting ICMP packets that travel twice the speed of light. So A) what am I missing B) Am I right to suspect shenanigans? UPDATE: Guys thanks so far for your help and I have been reading various previous questions on this. About 5 years I had an issue where the hop from the UK to Ireland added 10ms of latency no matter what we did. In the end I moved the servers; So imagine my surprise when I have guys that claim they are 5ms faster with a transatlantic trip. So again should I call BS? Oh and assume both sites are normal mortals that don't have access to Google magical routing, warp dives or flux capacitors. :)

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• Cannot load viper-mode in Emacs24

  - by Andrew-Dufresne

  Every time I try to load viper-mode in Emacs24 using M-x viper-mode, I get error Wrong type argument: symbolp, (quote 3) I have observed it happens when I try to load viper-mode for the after opening Emacs or after I have issued M-x viper-go-away So once I get this error and run the same command again, viper-mode loads successfully. When I use toggle-viper-mode to turn it off, viper-mode goes away successfully. But when I try to turn it back on using toggle-viper-mode again, I get the above stated error. I have to use viper-go-away and then M-x viper-mode twice to get it back working. How can I get rid of this error?

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• How to create a password-less service account in AD?

  - by Andrew White

  Is it possible to create domain accounts that can only be accessed via a domain administrator or similar access? The goal is to create domain users that have certain network access based on their task but these users are only meant for automated jobs. As such, they don't need passwords and a domain admin can always do a run-as to drop down to the correct user to run the job. No password means no chance of someone guessing it or it being written down or lost. This may belong on SuperUser ServerFault but I am going to try here first since it's on the fuzzy border to me. I am also open to constructive alternatives.

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• Colour table cells in Microsoft Word after mail merge

  - by James

  I have an Excel spreadsheet of student data. For each of 30 topics, students are traffic lighted R, A or G (for red, amber, green) in the spreadsheet. I am mail merging individual result print-outs in Word 2010. However, rather than printing the letter R/A/G next to each topic, I would rather change the background colour of the cell to that colour. How can I do this? Is there an option with merge fields or can it be done with a macro (please provide sample code if so - I don't have experience with macros!)

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• Windows 7 Wireless Network Adapter Stopped Working

  - by Andrew B Schultz

  I have a Windows 7 Ultimate machine where the wireless adapter all of a sudden started having trouble connecting to wireless networks. Whenever I go to a new place and try to connect to a wireless network, it says that the DNS server is not responding, and tells me to go unplug the router and try again. After several locations in a row telling me this, I began to realize something was wrong with my adapter, not the routers. I am no longer asked to identify the security level for any new networks (Work, Home, or Public) like I used to be (it defaults to Public now - with the park bench icon). Often, resetting the router doesn't even work. Running the Windows 7 troubleshooter doesn't give me anything better than the advice to reset the router. However, the adapter will still connect to the wireless network at my main office without any problems. Does anyone know why a wireless network adapter can get so finicky so suddenly? Thanks!

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• Bare minimal Chef provisioning and deployment?

  - by Andrew McCloud

  I've read the documentation on Chef twice over. I still can't wrap my head around it's concept because they skip but fundamentals and jump to complex deployments with chef-server. Using chef-solo and possibly knife, is there a simple way to provision a server and deploy? I may be wrong, but it seems like with my cookbooks prepped, this should be very simple. knife rackspace server create --flavor 1 --image 112 That provisions my server. I can optionally pass --run-list "recipe[mything]", but how do my cookbooks in ~/my_cookbooks actually get on the server? Do I have to manually transfer them? That seems counterproductive.

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• Converting a multi-sheet per page pdf to single sheet per page

  - by Andrew Aylett

  My father-in-law usually creates his newsletters pre-'booked' -- that is, two columns with the pages in the right place such that you can print and staple the newsletter. Unfortunately, this month we're using a printer that wants an un-booked PDF -- with one page per page, in the right order. I can re-order pages easily enough, but is there any way to take a PDF which is essentially 2-up and split the pages?

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• Writing an internal disk from IMG, what XP software to use?

  - by Andrew Swift

  I am trying to install the Chromium OS on an EEE PC 901, and I have succeeded in using Image Writer for Windows 0.2r23 to copy the IMG file to an SDHC card. Since the OS speed is limited by slow card access, I'd like to install the Chromium OS on the second, unused, internal SSD Drive, D:. However, Image Writer doesn't allow me to restore an internal drive from an IMG file. To be clear: I boot in XP on C: then run Image Writer to install the Chromium OS. Does anyone know how I can either convince Image Writer that D: is a removable drive or know of alternative program that will let me restore D: from an IMG file (non-windows file system)?

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• Parameters for selection of Operating system, memory and processor for embedded system ?

  - by James

  I am developing an embedded real time system software (in C language). I have designed the s/w architecture - we know various objects required, interactions required between various objects and IPC communication between tasks. Based on this information, i need to decide on the operating system(RTOS), microprocessor and memory size requirements. (Most likely i would be using Quadros, as it has been suggested by the client based on their prior experience in similar projects) But i am confused about which one to begin with, since choice of one could impact the selection of other. Could you also guide me on parameters to consider to estimate the memory requirements from the s/w design (lower limit and upper limit of memory requirement) ? (Cost of the component(s) could be ignored for this evaluation)

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• postmap: fatal: open database /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db: Permission denied

  - by James Benders

  Hi, I'm configurint Postfix to use external smtp. For this, I use the following tutorial: http://carlton.oriley.net/blog/?p=31 After following it, I found in the logs that /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db couldn't be read. The file didn't exist. I used postmap hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd (http://postfix.state-of-mind.de/patrick.koetter/smtpauth/smtp_auth_mailservers.html) as root, but I get: postmap: fatal: open database /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db: Permission denied Why do I get this? Thanks.

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• Add 802.11n to existing 802.11g environment

  - by Andrew Robinson

  I have a small home network that is currently running 802.11g. Two computers that are capable of 802.11n and two devices (a BlackBerry and a Skype phone) that are limited to 802.11g. I have a few neighbors running 802.11g but their signals are very weak. How big an impact will the two G devices have on N speeds? Will they pull the whole network back down to G? These two devices are hardly ever used where as the other N devices are heavily used. If I add an N router to the network (instead of replacing the G) and set my existing G router to use channel 1 with 20MHz bandwidth and then set the N router to use 6 & 11 for 40MHz will I eliminate the overlap and allow for full speed on both networks?

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• Cannot install grub to RAID1 (md0)

  - by Andrew Answer

  I have a RAID1 array on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and my /sda HDD has been replaced several days ago. I use this commands to replace: # go to superuser sudo bash # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded" # remove broken disk from RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 mdadm /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sda1 # see partitions fdisk -l # shutdown computer shutdown now # physically replace old disk by new # start system again # see partitions fdisk -l # copy partitions from sdb to sda sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sda # recreate id for sda sfdisk --change-id /dev/sda 1 fd # add sda1 to RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sda1 # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded, recovering" # to see status you can use cat /proc/mdstat This is the my mdadm output after sync: /dev/md0: Version : 0.90 Creation Time : Wed Feb 17 16:18:25 2010 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 470455360 (448.66 GiB 481.75 GB) Used Dev Size : 470455360 (448.66 GiB 481.75 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Nov 1 15:19:31 2012 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 92e6ff4e:ed3ab4bf:fee5eb6c:d9b9cb11 Events : 0.11049560 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 After bebuilding completion "fdisk -l" says what I have not valid partition table /dev/md0. This is my fdisk -l output: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00057d19 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 940910984 470455461 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda2 940910985 976768064 17928540 5 Extended /dev/sda5 940911048 976768064 17928508+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000667ca Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 940910984 470455461 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdb2 940910985 976768064 17928540 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 940911048 976768064 17928508+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/md0: 481.7 GB, 481746288640 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 117613840 cylinders, total 940910720 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table This is my grub install output: root@answe:~# grub-install /dev/sda /usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a disk with multiple partition labels or both partition label and filesystem. This is not supported yet.. /usr/sbin/grub-setup: error: embedding is not possible, but this is required for cross-disk install. root@answe:~# grub-install /dev/sdb Installation finished. No error reported. So 1) "update-grub" find only /sda and /sdb Linux, not /md0 2) "dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc" says "GRUB failed to install the following devices /dev/md0" I cannot load my system except from /sdb1 and /sda1, but in DEGRADED mode... Anybody can resolve this issue? I have big headache with this.

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• Ubuntu 12.04 full iphone backup

  - by James

  I am using ubuntu 12.04 and have an iPhone 5 using iOS 6.0.2. My question is how can I do a full backup on ubuntu. Most questions I have seen on this are related to peoples music libraries etc how ever this is of little importance to me. What I want to be able to do is a complete (photos,contacts, OS etc) image backup (and restore if required). So far I have looked up libimobiledevice and this seems to be just that a API. Other suggestions are about Rhythmbox for music etc but this is not of huge importance to me. Finally the suggestion is for using Itune and some combination of Wine or Playforlinux. But even if you get iTunes working iPhone access is limited. Surely someone must have the same problem and found a solution. J

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• Ping and crawling not working, site still resolving

  - by Andrew Alexander

  Ok, so we're trying to figure out why the site of one of our clients isn't being crawled by Google (we've ruled out robots.txt or meta tags) When we go to the site, either IP address or domain name, the site resolves, everything works. However, Google is getting a 302 redirect (which it apparently isn't following for crawling), and when we ping the address, it times out (note, the site is still resolving in the browser throughout all of this). The site is built in ASP.Net (I assume C#) and so my thoughts were that it was an errant redirect rule, or some other sort of server side issue. We also thought that it might be due to incorrect domain pointing (but if we try to ping the IP, it doesn't work, so that sorta rules that out). We're really not sure what is causing all of these errors, or even if they have one single source. Anyone have any ideas what could be going on? Do you need any more information? To boil it down in a TL; dr: * Site resolving in browser, both IP and domain name. No problems here. * Site not being crawled by Google (gets a 302 it doesn't seem to follow) - it is not due to robots.txt or meta tags * Ping is not working for the IP address. This is very odd, because again, the IP address seems to work fine in the browser. * Our thoughts are either redirect rule issue, domain pointing issue, or possibly some errant code - or some combination of the three

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• Can't access one directory via HTTPS + public FQDN

  - by Justin James

  Hello - I have the strangest IIS error that I've ever seen in my life. I have an application/directory on an IIS server, that throws an error 500 when accessing ANY of the content in it, including HTML documents, when accessed via HTTPS AND the machines FQDN. When I access it with "localhost" it works fine. When I added a bogus entry for the NIC's IP in the hosts file, it worked fine. When I access it with the machines name and HTTP it works fine. Here's a chart (the machine's name is "lofn.titaniumcrowbar.com"): http - lofn.titaniumcrowbar.com: works https - lofn.titaniumcrowbar.com: broken https - localhost: works https - temp.titaniumcrowbar.com (put into hosts file): works I set up tracing, and I got some useless information: "The I/O operation has been aborted because of either a thread exit or an application request. (0x800703e3)" This would make sense, except this happens when pulling up static content. While the directory may be an "application", the content is all static in it. Any/all suggestions, no matter how strange, are VERY appreciated. Thanks! J.Ja

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• Exim: How to turn off DKIM for forwarded mail?

  - by Andrew

  I have DKIM configured in Exim for outgoing mail, as per the documentation. Exim signs all outgoing mail. But some of that outgoing mail is forwarded, thanks to a users .forward file. This is a problem for me, because some of those messages are spam (my exim configuration does not do any verification) and I don't want to take responsibility for them. But I can't figure out how to configure Exim not to sign these messages. My configuration is basically the Debian Squeeze default, with a few DKIM_* macros set. I can post more details, but I think seeing any example of conditional DKIM signing would set me right.

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• Suggestions for a SOHO/Home Asterisk system

  - by James

  I would like to buy a small embedded system that runs Linux and Asterisk. I would like two FXS ports ( to plug analogue phones into ) and one FXO port ( to plug in to my real line to allow access to the POTS ). I would like it to have a USB port to hold storage for voicemail. I really want it for home use so I would like it to be under £150 ( say $250 ), given that you can buy ADSL routers for around this much can any of them be made to run Linux and Asterisk? I don't want a PC as the power usage would be too high. I am looking for something like this ASDL router but open and able to run Asterisk or another open PBX. At worst I would like a box which had one FXO and two FXS and just made them completely available over IP to a full Asterisk system on a low power Atom system.

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• How important is dual-gigabit lan for a super user's home NAS?

  - by Andrew

  Long story short: I'm building my own home server based on Ubuntu with 4 drives in RAID 10. Its primary purpose will be NAS and backup. Would I be making a terrible mistake by building a NAS Server with a single Gigabit NIC? Long story long: I know the absolute max I can get out of a single Gigabit port is 125MB/s, and I want this NAS to be able to handle up to 6 computers accessing files simultaneously, with up to two of them streaming video. With Ubuntu NIC-bonding and the performance of RAID 10, I can theoretically double my throughput and achieve 250MB/s (ok, not really, but it would be faster). The drives have an average read throughput of 83.87MB/s according to Tom's Hardware. The unit itself will be based on the Chenbro ES34069-BK-180 case. With my current hardware choices, it'll have this motherboard with a Core i3 CPU and 8GB of RAM. Overkill, I know, but this server will be doing other things as well (like transcoding video). Unfortunately, the only Mini-ITX boards I can find with dual-gigabit and 6 SATA ports are Intel Atom-based, and I need more processing power than an Atom has to offer. I would love to find a board with 6 SATA ports and two Gigabit LAN ports that supports a Core i3 CPU. So far, my search has come up empty. Thus, my dilemma. Should I hold out for such a board, go with an Atom-based solution, or stick with my current single-gigabit configuration? I know there are consumer NAS units with just one gigabit interface (probably most of them), but I think I will demand a lot more from my server than the average home user. Any advice is appreciated. Thanks.

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• How to install/configure ffmpeg to compress mp4 videos for flash player delivery?

  - by Andrew Fulton

  We have a flash web-app that created interactive video, and are using ffmpeg to do some compression/resizing when a user "publishes" their project. The user can upload flv files and mp4 files, both of which play fine in the Flash UI before publishing. After publishing the flv files work fine, but the mp4 files will not play in the flash player: Audio will play but video won't. The mp4 files will play fine if I download them and play them in the Quicktime player but if I attempt to open them in the Adobe Media Player it reports "The media file does not contain a supported video track". If I open the Movie inspector in quicktime it tells me that the original file is an "h264" video and the ffmpeg-processed ones are "mpeg-4". I have tried forcing it to h264 by adding flags like -f h264 and -vcodec h264 but I get a screenfull of errors (no frame, illegal POC type, sps_id out of range) ending with Could not find codec parameters (Video: h264) h264 will show up if I run ffmpeg -formats and ffmpeg -codecs, and as I said it will play fine in Quicktime. Is there anything else I need to do to convince the flash player to play them? Is there anything else I need to tell you about the server that will help?

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• TCP Server Memory management: #Connections Vs. #Requests

  - by Andrew

  Given that, there is no theoretical limit to number of concurrent TCP connections a Windows 2008 server can handle. Only thing will happen is, with each connection there will be memory consumption in server. Unfortunately, memory is not unlimited (and I want to utilize only physical memory). For example, lets say we've 2GB server memory. Now there are two extreme cases: Case 1: If we've allocated 64KB buffer for each connection (only to receive incoming request), then 32768 connections can consume all the 2GB of memory. This will not leave any memory to queue/process incoming requests from those connections. Case 2: On the other hand, lets say a single (or very few) connections continuously keeps sending request buffers (for example, video streaming from one connection to other) and server cannot process them within time, those buffers will get piled up in server and eventually will occupy most of the servers memory. And it will not leave any memory for new connection thereafter. This is the real dilemma in server design bugging me badly for last many days. If I can decide on max size of request buffer per connection and max number of requests to allow in queue per connection. Then, based on available server memory, it will then automatically set limit on max number of concurrent connections. How to decide on these limits to achieve best performance and throughput? I am just looking for perfect utilization of server resources. Are there any standard guidelines or empirical data available with someone who can share with me please.

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• CPQLOFG XML "Syntax error"

  - by Andrew J. Brehm

  HP Lights-Out Configuration Utility- CPQLOCFG v. 4.00 dated 04/04/2012 Whatever input I use, whether a sample file from the HP Web site, whether an empty file or whether a file just containing <RIBCL VERSION="2.0"> </RIBCL> the HP utility always returns CHECKING XML SYNTAX... 1 - Syntax error: Line #0: syntax error near "" in the line: "" What's wrong with me or the utility? Did anyone ever get this to work?

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• Server 2012 intermittently fails to respond to pings from single host, even with firewall disabled, but responds to non-ICMP requests fine

  - by James Westbury

  This one is kind of weird. I've got the following machines involved: DC01 - 10.1.2.42, Server 2012, domain controller & DNS server, physical machine nagiosv - 10.1.2.35, CentOS 6.4, Nagios, virtual machine CB01 - 10.1.3.81, Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, couchbase server, virtual machine So, I noticed something was wrong while configuring this new Nagios VM. I started seeing DC01's state flapping. I logged into nagiosv when I saw this happening, and attempted to ping DC01, both by FQDN and its IP address. Neither worked. I tried pinging the machine from CB01, which is another VM on the same virtual switch/physical NIC as nagiosv, and that worked fine. Pings still failing from nagiosv at this time. DC01 is also an internal DNS server, so I ran dig google.com from nagiosv, and was able to run a query against DC01 just fine: ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 10.1.2.42#53(10.1.2.42) ;; WHEN: Fri Nov 1 07:53:51 2013 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 204 Pings still failing from nagiosv, though. I can ping from DC01 to nagiosv, and that works, and I can still ping from other VMs on the same physical NIC into DC01, and that works. I should mention at this point that I've disabled the firewall on DC01 for testing purposes, and it doesn't make a damned bit of difference. (Even with the firewall enabled, I have a blanket exception for ICMP from the local subnet, so it shouldn't make a difference, but I figured I should test it anyway.) I loaded up Wireshark on DC01 and pinged it from nagiosv again. What I see is a bunch of echo requests coming in and not a single reply going back out. Filtered results here, showing all ICMP traffic during a 15-second period. A few more bits of info: There are no IP conflicts on the network. MAC addresses on the incoming pings match the MAC on the VM. There are no duplicate MACs on the network, as far as I can see. I have absolutely no idea why DC01 is failing to respond, here. Any ideas?

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• Thunderbird gives " Not enough disk space " alert, after trying to download more emails ( Win 7, 64 bit )

  - by James C

  So, today I have installed Mozilla Thunderbird 24.2.0 on my Windows 7 (64 bit) machine. It was downloading emails, until it hit an error. An alert showed up saying : "There is not enough disk space to download new messages. Try deleting old mail, emptying the Trash folder, and compacting your mail folders, and then try again." Now, disk space is not a problem, there is enough free space left ( almost 50 % of the drive ). How to stop the alert and continue downloading ?

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