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  • Intelligently removing excess indention from a string

    - by TravisO
    I'm trying to remove some excessive indention from a string, in this case it's SQL, so it can be put into a log file. So I need the find the smallest amount of indention (aka tabs) and remove it from the front of each line, but the following code ends up printing out exactly the same, any ideas? In other words, I want to take the following SELECT blah FROM table WHERE id=1 and convert it to SELECT blah FROM table WHERE id=1 here's the code I tried and fails $sql = ' SELECT blah FROM table WHERE id=1 '; // it's most likely idented SQL, remove any idention $lines = explode("\n", $sql); $space_count = array(); foreach ( $lines as $line ) { preg_match('/^(\t+)/', $line, $matches); $space_count[] = strlen($matches[0]); } $min_tab_count = min($space_count); $place = 0; foreach ( $lines as $line ) { $lines[$place] = preg_replace('/^\t{'. $min_tab_count .'}/', '', $line); $place++; } $sql = implode("\n", $lines); print '<pre>'. $sql .'</pre>';

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  • How to use JOIN using Hibernate's session.createSQLQuery()

    - by javauser71
    Hi All, I have two Entity (tables) - Employee & Project. An Employee can have multiple Projects. Project table's CREATOR_ID field refers to Employee table's ID field. Employee entity maintains a list of Project. Using EntityManager following query works fine - "entityManager.createQuery("select e from EmployeeDTO e, ProjectDTO p where p.id = ?1 and p.creator.id=e.id"); But since I have the LAZY association relationship, I get error: "Could not initialize proxy - no Session" if I try to access Project info from Employee entity. This is expected and so I am using Hibernate's Session to create query as shown below. Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession(); org.hibernate.Query q = session.createSQLQuery("SELECT E FROM EMPLOYEE_TAB E, PROJECT_TAB P WHERE P.ID = " + projectId + " AND P.CREATOR_ID = E.ID") .addEntity("EmployeeDTO ", EmployeeDTO.class) .addEntity("ProjectDTO", ProjectDTO.class); But I get error like: "Column 'E' is either not in any table in the FROM list or appears within a join specification and is outside the scope of the join specification..." Can anyone suggest what will be the right JOIN syntax for such case? If I use ("SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_TAB E, ........") - it gives other error: "java.lang.ClassCastException: [Ljava.lang.Object; cannot be cast to com.im.server.dto.EmployeeDTO". Thanks in advance.

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  • slideshow section getting hidden in IE.

    - by pradeep
    http://ratingscorner.com/product_rating.php?alias=Peoples-Education-Society-Institute-of-Technology-%28PESIT%29-100-feet-Ring-Road-Bangalore&product=Colleges in IE the slideshow which is there is not showing up at all. i have no clue about this. any help on this. I found out the problem. The Z-index is causing problem. but how do i solve the issue is not clear to me.

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  • ASP.NET MVC: How to show value in a label from selected Drop Down List item?

    - by Lillie
    Hi! I'm trying to show a value of selected Drop Down List item in a label. I managed to make this work with Web Forms but with MVC I'm totally lost. My Index looks like this: [...] <% using (Html.BeginForm()) { %> <table> <tr> <td>Processor</td> <td><%= Html.DropDownList("lstProcessor1", new SelectList((IEnumerable)ViewData["Processor1List"], "product_price", "product_description")) %></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Total Amount</td> <td>0,00 €</td> </tr> </table> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> <% } %> [...] And my HomeController starts with: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax; using MvcApplication1.Models; namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers { [HandleError] public class HomeController : Controller { // Connect database DB50DataContext _ctx = new DB50DataContext(); // GET: /Home/ public ActionResult Index() { // Search: Processors var products = from prod in _ctx.products where prod.product_searchcode == "processor1" select prod; ViewData["Processort1List"] = products; return View(); } I would like the product_price to show on the second line of the table, where it now says 0,00 €. It should also update the price automatically when the item from the Drop Down List is changed. I guess I should use JQuery but I have no idea how. Could someone please give me some tips how to do this?

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  • How do I compare 2 fields and return the lowest value of each record?

    - by BigRob
    I'm slowly learning access to make a database of products and suppliers for my parents' business. What i've got is a table of products indexed by our product reference and 2 more tables for 2 different suppliers that contains the suppliers product reference and price that links with our reference. I've made a query that performs a left outer join such that it returns a table of our products with each supplier's reference and price, i.e: Ref | Product Name | Supplier 1 Ref | Supplier 1 Price | Supplier 2 Ref | Supplier 2 Price Here's the query I used: SELECT Catalog.Ref, Catalog.[Product Name], Catalog.Price, [D Products].[Supplier Ref], [D Products].Cost, [GS Products].[Supplier Ref], [GS Products].Cost FROM ([Catalog] LEFT JOIN [D Products] ON Catalog.Ref = [D Products].Ref) LEFT JOIN [GS Products] ON Catalog.Ref = [GS Products].Ref; Not all products are available from both suppliers, hence the outer join. What I want to do (with a query?) is to take the table produced by the query above and simply show the product reference, cheapest supplier reference and cheapest supplier price, i.e: Ref | Cheapest Suppplier Ref | Cheapest Supplier Price Unfortunately my SQL knowledge isn't quite good enough to figure this out, but if anyone can help i'd really appreciate it. Thanks, Rob

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  • hash tables and 2d vectors

    - by Sunil
    I want to push a 2d vector into a hash table row by row and later search for a row (vector) in the hash table and want to be able to find it. I want to do something like #include <iostream> #include <set> #include <vector> using namespace std; int main(){ std::set < vector<int> > myset; vector< vector<int> > v; int k = 0; for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) { v.push_back ( vector<int>() ); for ( int j = 0; j < 5; j++ ) v[i].push_back ( k++ ); } for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) { std::copy(v[i].begin(),v[i].end(),std::inserter(myset)); // This is not correct but what is the right way ? // and also here, I want to search for a particular vector if it exists in the table. for ex. the second row of vector v. } return 0; } I'm not sure how to insert and look up a vector in a set. So if nybody could guide me, it will be helpful. Thanks

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  • Is my approach for persistent login secure ?

    - by Jay
    I'm very much stuck with the reasonable secure approach to implement 'Remember me' feature in a login system. Here's my approach so far, Please advice me if it makes sense and is reasonably secure: Logging: User provides email and password to login (both are valid).. Get the user_id from DB Table Users by comparing provided email Generate 2 random numbers hashed strings: key1, key2 and store in cookies. In DB Table COOKIES, store key1, key2 along with user_id. To Check login: If key1 and key2 both cookies exist, validate both keys in DB Table COOKIES (if a row with key1, and key2 exists, user is logged). if cookie is valid, regenrate key2 and update it in cookie and also database. Why re-genrating key: Because if someone steals cookie and login with that cookie, it will be working only until the real user login. When the real user will login, the stolen cookie will become invalid. Right? Why do I need 2 keys: Because if i store user_id and single key in cookie and database, and the user want to remember the password on another browser, or computer, then the new key will be updated in database, so the user's cookie in earlier browser/PC will become invalid. User wont be able to remember password on more than one place. Thanks for your opinions.

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  • Using ddply() to Get Frequency of Certain IDs, by Appearance in Multiple Rows (in R)

    - by EconomiCurtis
    Goal If the following description is hard follow, please see the example "before" and "after" to see a straightforward example. I have bartering data, with unique trade ids, and two sides of the trade. Side1 and Side2 are baskets, lists of item ids that represent both sides of the barter transaction. I'd like to count the frequency each ITEM appears in TRADES. E.g, if item "001" appeared in 3 trades, I'd have a count of 3 (ignoring how many times the item appeared in each trade). Further, I'd like to do this with the plyr ddply function. (If you're interested as to my motivation, I working over many hundreds of thousands of transactions and am already using a ddply to calculate several other summary statistics. I'd like to add this to the ddply I'm already using, rather than calculate it after, and merge it into the ddply output.... sorry if that was difficult to follow.) In terms of pseudo code I'm working off of: merge each row of Side1 and Side2 by row, get unique() appearances of each item id apply table() function transpose and relabel output from table Example of the structure of my data, and the output I desire. Data Example (before): df <- data.frame(TradeID = c("01","02","03","04")) df$Side1 = list(c("001","001","002"), c("002","002","003"), c("001","004"), c("001","002","003","004")) df$Side2 = list(c("001"),c("007"),c("009"),c()) Desired Output (after): df.ItemRelFreq_byTradeID <- data.frame(ItemID = c("001","002","003","004","007","009"), RelFreq_byTrade = c(3,3,2,2,1,1)) One method to do this without ddply I've worked out one way to do this below. My problem is that I can't quite seem to get ddply to do this for me. temp <- table(unlist(sapply(mapply(c,df$Side1,df$Side2), unique))) df.ItemRelFreq_byTradeID <- data.frame(ItemID = names(temp), RelFreq_byTrade = temp[]) Thanks for any help you can offer! Curtis

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  • mysql report sql help

    - by sfgroups
    I have mysql table with data like this. record will have server with total cpu and virtual server with cpu assinged type, cpu srv1, 10 vsrv11, 2 vsrv12, 3 srv2, 15 vsrv21, 6 vsrv22, 7 vsrv23, 1 from the above data, I want to create output like this. server, total cpu, assigned cpu, free cpu srv1, 10, 5, 5 srv2, 15, 14, 1 Can you help me on creating sql query for this report? I have changed my table and data like this. CREATE TABLE `cpuallocation` ( `servertype` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL, `servername` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `hostname` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `cpu_count` float DEFAULT NULL, UNIQUE KEY `server_uniq_idx` (`servertype`,`servername`,`hostname`) insert into cpuallocation values('srv', 'server1', '',16); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server1', 'host1',5); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server1', 'host2',2.5); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server1', 'host3',4.5); insert into cpuallocation values('srv', 'server2', '',8); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server2', 'host1',5); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server2', 'host2',2.5); insert into cpuallocation values('srv', 'server3', '',24); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server3', 'host1',12); insert into cpuallocation values('vir', 'server3', 'host2',2); insert into cpuallocation values('srv', 'server4', '',12); Update: I created two view, now I getting the result I want. create view v1 as select servername, sum(cpu_count) as cpu_allocated from cpuallocation where servertype='vir' group by servername; create view v2 as select servername, cpu_count as total_cpu from cpuallocation where servertype='srv'; select a.servername, a.total_cpu, b.cpu_allocated from v2 as a left join v1 as b on a.servername=b.servername; +------------+-----------+---------------+ | servername | total_cpu | cpu_allocated | +------------+-----------+---------------+ | server1 | 16 | 12 | | server2 | 8 | 7.5 | | server3 | 24 | 14 | | server4 | 12 | NULL | +------------+-----------+---------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) Is it possible to create a query with-out creating views?

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  • Strange PHP array behavior overwriting values with all the same values

    - by dasdas
    Im doing a simple mysqli query with code ive used many times before but have never had this problem happen to me. I am grabbing an entire table with an unknown number of columns (it changes often so i dont know the exact value, nor the column names). I have some code that uses metadata to grab everything and stick it in an array. This all works fine, but the output is messed up: $stmt -> execute(); //the query is legit, no problems there $meta = $stmt->result_metadata(); while ($field = $meta->fetch_field()) { $params[] = &$row[$field->name]; } call_user_func_array(array($stmt, 'bind_result'), $params); while ($stmt->fetch()) { $pvalues[++$i] = $row; //$pvalues is an array of arrays. row is an array //print_r($row); print_r($pvalues[$i-1]); } $stmt -> close(); I would assume that $pvalues has the results that I am looking for. My table currently has 2 rows. $pvalues has array length 2. Both rows in $pvalues are exactly the same. If i use the: print_r($row) it prints out the correct values for both rows, but if later on i check what is in $pvalues it is incorrect (1 row is assigned to both indices of $pvalues). If i use the print_r($pvalues[$i-1]) it prints exactly as I expect, the same row in the table twice. Why isnt the data getting assigned to $pvalues? I know $row holds the right information at one point, but it is getting overwritten or lost.

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  • Update all but one result?

    - by Jack M.
    I'm trying to update a table to remove all but the first instance of a group. Basically, I have a table with vehicle data related to an insurance policy. Each policy should only have one power_unit. Everything else should be a towed unit. Unfortunately, a bug has been duplicating power units, and now I need to clean this up. There are ~10k records in the database, and ~4k of them have doubled up power units. The important bits of my table (call it test1 for now) are: +------------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +------------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | policy_id | int(10) | NO | | NULL | | | power_unit | int(1) | NO | | 0 | | +------------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ And some sample data: +----+-----------+------------+ | id | policy_id | power_unit | +----+-----------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | 1 | 1 | | 3 | 1 | 1 | | 4 | 2 | 1 | | 5 | 2 | 1 | | 6 | 2 | 1 | | 7 | 4 | 1 | | 8 | 4 | 1 | | 9 | 4 | 1 | | 10 | 5 | 1 | | 11 | 5 | 1 | | 12 | 6 | 1 | +----+-----------+------------+ Basically I'd like to end up where policy_id 1 has only one power_unit=1. Same for policy_id 2, 3, 4, etc. For policy_id 6, nothing should change (there is only one entry, and it is a power_unit already). I don't know if this is possible, but it was an intriguing problem for me, so I thought you guys might find it the same.

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  • Diving into OpenStack Network Architecture - Part 1

    - by Ronen Kofman
    v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} rkofman Normal rkofman 83 3045 2014-05-23T21:11:00Z 2014-05-27T06:58:00Z 3 1883 10739 Oracle Corporation 89 25 12597 12.00 140 Clean Clean false false false false EN-US X-NONE HE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;} Before we begin OpenStack networking has very powerful capabilities but at the same time it is quite complicated. In this blog series we will review an existing OpenStack setup using the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview and explain the different network components through use cases and examples. The goal is to show how the different pieces come together and provide a bigger picture view of the network architecture in OpenStack. This can be very helpful to users making their first steps in OpenStack or anyone wishes to understand how networking works in this environment.  We will go through the basics first and build the examples as we go. According to the recent Icehouse user survey and the one before it, Neutron with Open vSwitch plug-in is the most widely used network setup both in production and in POCs (in terms of number of customers) and so in this blog series we will analyze this specific OpenStack networking setup. As we know there are many options to setup OpenStack networking and while Neturon + Open vSwitch is the most popular setup there is no claim that it is either best or the most efficient option. Neutron + Open vSwitch is an example, one which provides a good starting point for anyone interested in understanding OpenStack networking. Even if you are using different kind of network setup such as different Neutron plug-in or even not using Neutron at all this will still be a good starting point to understand the network architecture in OpenStack. The setup we are using for the examples is the one used in the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview. Installing it is simple and it would be helpful to have it as reference. In this setup we use eth2 on all servers for VM network, all VM traffic will be flowing through this interface.The Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview is using VLANs for L2 isolation to provide tenant and network isolation. The following diagram shows how we have configured our deployment: This first post is a bit long and will focus on some basic concepts in OpenStack networking. The components we will be discussing are Open vSwitch, network namespaces, Linux bridge and veth pairs. Note that this is not meant to be a comprehensive review of these components, it is meant to describe the component as much as needed to understand OpenStack network architecture. All the components described here can be further explored using other resources. Open vSwitch (OVS) In the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview OVS is used to connect virtual machines to the physical port (in our case eth2) as shown in the deployment diagram. OVS contains bridges and ports, the OVS bridges are different from the Linux bridge (controlled by the brctl command) which are also used in this setup. To get started let’s view the OVS structure, use the following command: # ovs-vsctl show 7ec51567-ab42-49e8-906d-b854309c9edf     Bridge br-int         Port br-int             Interface br-int type: internal         Port "int-br-eth2"             Interface "int-br-eth2"     Bridge "br-eth2"         Port "br-eth2"             Interface "br-eth2" type: internal         Port "eth2"             Interface "eth2"         Port "phy-br-eth2"             Interface "phy-br-eth2" ovs_version: "1.11.0" We see a standard post deployment OVS on a compute node with two bridges and several ports hanging off of each of them. The example above is a compute node without any VMs, we can see that the physical port eth2 is connected to a bridge called “br-eth2”. We also see two ports "int-br-eth2" and "phy-br-eth2" which are actually a veth pair and form virtual wire between the two bridges, veth pairs are discussed later in this post. When a virtual machine is created a port is created on one the br-int bridge and this port is eventually connected to the virtual machine (we will discuss the exact connectivity later in the series). Here is how OVS looks after a VM was launched: # ovs-vsctl show efd98c87-dc62-422d-8f73-a68c2a14e73d     Bridge br-int         Port "int-br-eth2"             Interface "int-br-eth2"         Port br-int             Interface br-int type: internal         Port "qvocb64ea96-9f" tag: 1             Interface "qvocb64ea96-9f"     Bridge "br-eth2"         Port "phy-br-eth2"             Interface "phy-br-eth2"         Port "br-eth2"             Interface "br-eth2" type: internal         Port "eth2"             Interface "eth2" ovs_version: "1.11.0" Bridge "br-int" now has a new port "qvocb64ea96-9f" which connects to the VM and tagged with VLAN 1. Every VM which will be launched will add a port on the “br-int” bridge for every network interface the VM has. Another useful command on OVS is dump-flows for example: # ovs-ofctl dump-flows br-int NXST_FLOW reply (xid=0x4): cookie=0x0, duration=735.544s, table=0, n_packets=70, n_bytes=9976, idle_age=17, priority=3,in_port=1,dl_vlan=1000 actions=mod_vlan_vid:1,NORMAL cookie=0x0, duration=76679.786s, table=0, n_packets=0, n_bytes=0, idle_age=65534, hard_age=65534, priority=2,in_port=1 actions=drop cookie=0x0, duration=76681.36s, table=0, n_packets=68, n_bytes=7950, idle_age=17, hard_age=65534, priority=1 actions=NORMAL As we see the port which is connected to the VM has the VLAN tag 1. However the port on the VM network (eth2) will be using tag 1000. OVS is modifying the vlan as the packet flow from the VM to the physical interface. In OpenStack the Open vSwitch agent takes care of programming the flows in Open vSwitch so the users do not have to deal with this at all. If you wish to learn more about how to program the Open vSwitch you can read more about it at http://openvswitch.org looking at the documentation describing the ovs-ofctl command. Network Namespaces (netns) Network namespaces is a very cool Linux feature can be used for many purposes and is heavily used in OpenStack networking. Network namespaces are isolated containers which can hold a network configuration and is not seen from outside of the namespace. A network namespace can be used to encapsulate specific network functionality or provide a network service in isolation as well as simply help to organize a complicated network setup. Using the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview we are using the latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel R3 (UEK3), this kernel provides a complete support for netns. Let's see how namespaces work through couple of examples to control network namespaces we use the ip netns command: Defining a new namespace: # ip netns add my-ns # ip netns list my-ns As mentioned the namespace is an isolated container, we can perform all the normal actions in the namespace context using the exec command for example running the ifconfig command: # ip netns exec my-ns ifconfig -a lo        Link encap:Local Loopback           LOOPBACK  MTU:16436 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) We can run every command in the namespace context, this is especially useful for debug using tcpdump command, we can ping or ssh or define iptables all within the namespace. Connecting the namespace to the outside world: There are various ways to connect into a namespaces and between namespaces we will focus on how this is done in OpenStack. OpenStack uses a combination of Open vSwitch and network namespaces. OVS defines the interfaces and then we can add those interfaces to namespace. So first let's add a bridge to OVS: # ovs-vsctl add-br my-bridge Now let's add a port on the OVS and make it internal: # ovs-vsctl add-port my-bridge my-port # ovs-vsctl set Interface my-port type=internal And let's connect it into the namespace: # ip link set my-port netns my-ns Looking inside the namespace: # ip netns exec my-ns ifconfig -a lo        Link encap:Local Loopback           LOOPBACK  MTU:65536 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) my-port   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 22:04:45:E2:85:21           BROADCAST  MTU:1500 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) Now we can add more ports to the OVS bridge and connect it to other namespaces or other device like physical interfaces. Neutron is using network namespaces to implement network services such as DCHP, routing, gateway, firewall, load balance and more. In the next post we will go into this in further details. Linux Bridge and veth pairs Linux bridge is used to connect the port from OVS to the VM. Every port goes from the OVS bridge to a Linux bridge and from there to the VM. The reason for using regular Linux bridges is for security groups’ enforcement. Security groups are implemented using iptables and iptables can only be applied to Linux bridges and not to OVS bridges. Veth pairs are used extensively throughout the network setup in OpenStack and are also a good tool to debug a network problem. Veth pairs are simply a virtual wire and so veths always come in pairs. Typically one side of the veth pair will connect to a bridge and the other side to another bridge or simply left as a usable interface. In this example we will create some veth pairs, connect them to bridges and test connectivity. This example is using regular Linux server and not an OpenStack node: Creating a veth pair, note that we define names for both ends: # ip link add veth0 type veth peer name veth1 # ifconfig -a . . veth0     Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 5E:2C:E6:03:D0:17           BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) veth1     Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr E6:B6:E2:6D:42:B8           BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) . . To make the example more meaningful this we will create the following setup: veth0 => veth1 => br-eth3 => eth3 ======> eth2 on another Linux server br-eth3 – a regular Linux bridge which will be connected to veth1 and eth3 eth3 – a physical interface with no IP on it, connected to a private network eth2 – a physical interface on the remote Linux box connected to the private network and configured with the IP of 50.50.50.1 Once we create the setup we will ping 50.50.50.1 (the remote IP) through veth0 to test that the connection is up: # brctl addbr br-eth3 # brctl addif br-eth3 eth3 # brctl addif br-eth3 veth1 # brctl show bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces br-eth3         8000.00505682e7f6       no              eth3                                                         veth1 # ifconfig veth0 50.50.50.50 # ping -I veth0 50.50.50.51 PING 50.50.50.51 (50.50.50.51) from 50.50.50.50 veth0: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 50.50.50.51: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.454 ms 64 bytes from 50.50.50.51: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.298 ms When the naming is not as obvious as the previous example and we don't know who are the paired veth interfaces we can use the ethtool command to figure this out. The ethtool command returns an index we can look up using ip link command, for example: # ethtool -S veth1 NIC statistics: peer_ifindex: 12 # ip link . . 12: veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 Summary That’s all for now, we quickly reviewed OVS, network namespaces, Linux bridges and veth pairs. These components are heavily used in the OpenStack network architecture we are exploring and understanding them well will be very useful when reviewing the different use cases. In the next post we will look at how the OpenStack network is laid out connecting the virtual machines to each other and to the external world. @RonenKofman

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  • Yet another (13)Permission denied error on Apache2 server

    - by lollercoaster
    I just can't figure it out. I'm running apache2 on a Ubuntu 10.04 i386 server. Whenever I visit my server (has an IP address, and is connected to internet with static IP xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) so that's not the problem) in browser, mysub.domain.edu (renamed here), I get the following: Forbidden You don't have permission to access /index.html on this server The apache2 error log confirms this: [Mon Apr 18 02:38:20 2011] [error] [client zzz.zzz.zzz.zzz] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied I'll try to provide all necessary information below: 1) Contents of /etc/apache2/httpd.conf DirectoryIndex index.html index.php 2) Contents of /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/myusername/htdocs <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory "/home/myusername/htdocs/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None order allow,deny allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.php Satisfy any </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> ServerName mysub.domain.edu </VirtualHost> 3) Contents of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/myusername/htdocs <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory "/home/myusername/htdocs/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None order allow,deny allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.php Satisfy any </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> ServerName mysub.domain.edu </VirtualHost> 4) Result of ls -l (when I'm using sudo -i to be root): root@myserver:/home/myusername# ls -l total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data root 4096 2011-04-18 03:04 htdocs 5) ps auxwww | grep -i apache root@myserver:/home# ps auxwww | grep -i apache root 15121 0.0 0.4 5408 2544 ? Ss 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 15122 0.0 0.3 5180 1760 ? S 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 15123 0.0 0.5 227020 2788 ? Sl 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 15124 0.0 0.5 227020 2864 ? Sl 16:55 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start root 29133 0.0 0.1 3320 680 pts/0 R+ 16:58 0:00 grep --color=auto -i apache 6) ls -al /home/myusername/htdocs/ root@myserver:/# ls -al /home/myusername/htdocs/ total 20 drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data root 4096 2011-04-18 03:04 . drw-r--r-- 4 myusername myusername 4096 2011-04-18 02:13 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 69 2011-04-18 02:14 index.html I'm not currently using any .htaccess files in my web root (htdocs) folder in my user folder. I don't know what is wrong, I've been trying to fix his for over 12 hours and I've gotten nowhere. If you have any suggestions, I'm all ears...

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  • Magento installation problem on Nginx in Windows

    - by Nithin
    I am trying to install magento locally using nginx as the web server instead of Apache. I copied the magento folder to the html directory. When i try to call the magento folder, I get the 404 not found error. I am able to access other php files setup in the html folder and have PHP installed. Here is my config file: #user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 8080; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; allow all; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME c:/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} } How do I fix this? This is what I found in the error.log file : 2011/09/06 12:22:35 [error] 5632#0: *1 "/cygdrive/c/nginx/html/magento/index.php/install/index.html" is not found (20: Not a directory), client: 127.0.0.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /magento/index.php/install/ HTTP/1.1", host: "localhost:8080"

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  • Redmine with Apache 2 + Passenger nightmare --- site is up and available, but Redmine doesn't execute

    - by CptSupermrkt
    I was determined to figure this out myself, but I've been at it for a total of more than 10 hours, and I just can't figure this out. First, let me detail my environment (which I cannot change): Server version: Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) Ruby version: ruby 1.9.3p448 Rails version: Rails 4.0.1 Passenger version: Phusion Passenger version 4.0.5 Redmine version: 2.3.3 I have followed the Redmine instructions all the way through the test webserver to check that installation was successful with this command: ruby script/rails server webrick -e production The roadblock which I cannot overcome is getting Apache and Passenger to interpret and properly serve Redmine. I have searched pretty much every possible link within the first 10 pages or so of Google results. Everywhere I go I come across conflicting/contradicting/outdated information. We have a "weird" setup with Apache (which I inherited and cannot change). Redmine needs to be served through SSL, but Apache already has another website it's serving through SSL called Twiki. By "weird", what I mean is that our file structure is entirely different from all the tutorials out there on this version of Apache which have directories like "available-sites" and such. Here are the abbreviated versions of some of our config files: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf (the global configuration file --- note that NO VirtualHost is defined here): ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" ... LoadModule passenger_module /usr/local/pkg/ruby/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/passenger-4.0.5/libout/apache2/mod_passenger.so PassengerRoot /usr/local/pkg/ruby/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/passenger-4.0.5 PassengerDefaultRuby /usr/local/pkg/ruby/1.9.3-p448/bin/ruby Include conf.d/*.conf ... User apache Group apache ... DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" So just to clarify, the above httpd.conf file does NOT have a VirtualHost section. /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf (defines the VirtualHost for ssl): Listen 443 <VirtualHost _default_:443> SSLEngine on ... SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt </VirtualHost> /etc/httpd/conf.d/twiki.conf (this works just fine --- note this does NOT define a VirtualHost): ScriptAlias /twiki/bin/ "/var/www/twiki/bin/" Alias /twiki/ "/var/www/twiki/" <Directory "/var/www/twiki/bin"> AllowOverride None Order Deny,Allow Deny from all AuthType Basic AuthName "our team" AuthBasicProvider ldap ...a lot of ldap and authorization stuff Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks SetHandler cgi-script </Directory> /etc/httpd/conf.d/redmine.conf: Alias /redmine/ "/var/www/redmine/public/" <Directory "/var/www/redmine/public"> Options Indexes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks Order allow,deny Allow from all AllowOverride all </Directory> The amazing thing is that this doesn't completely NOT work: I can successfully open up https://someserver/redmine/ with SSL and the https://someserver/twiki/ site remains unaffected. This tells me that it IS possible to have two separate sites up with one SSL configuration, so I don't think that's the problem. The problem is is that it opens up to the file index. I can navigate around my Redmine file structure, but no code ever gets executed. For example, there is a file included with Redmine called dispatch.fcgi in the public folder. https://someserver/redmine/dispatch.fcgi opens, but just as plain text code in the browser. As I understand it, in the case of using Passenger, CGI and FastCGI stuff is irrelevant/unused.

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  • http.conf setup to simplify using 'localhost:81'

    - by Will
    I'm installing portable wampserver within my dropbox folder so I can access anywhere. I have this achieved and accessible using http://locahost:81 I want to access it by using a different address (dropping the :81 port number) such as http://myothersite. I'm fairly certain I need to add a virtualhosts directove somewhere within this, but I am not Apache experienced! This is the current Apache httpd.conf file: ServerRoot "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/bin/apache/apache2.2.17" Listen 81 ServerAdmin admin@localhost ServerName localhost:81 DocumentRoot "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/www/" <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all </Directory> <Directory "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/www/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride all # onlineoffline tag - don't remove Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 </Directory> <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.php index.php3 index.html index.htm </IfModule> <FilesMatch "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </FilesMatch> ErrorLog "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/logs/apache_error.log" LogLevel warn <IfModule log_config_module> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common <IfModule logio_module> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio </IfModule> CustomLog "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/logs/access.log" common #CustomLog "logs/access.log" combined </IfModule> <IfModule alias_module> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "cgi-bin/" </IfModule> <IfModule cgid_module> #Scriptsock logs/cgisock </IfModule> <Directory "cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> DefaultType text/plain <IfModule mime_module> TypesConfig conf/mime.types AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddType application/x-httpd-php .php3 </IfModule> # Server-pool management (MPM specific) #Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf # Multi-language error messages #Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf # Fancy directory listings Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf # Language settings #Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf # User home directories #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf # Real-time info on requests and configuration #Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf # Virtual hosts #Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf # Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual #Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf # Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV) #Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf # Various default settings #Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf # Secure (SSL/TLS) connections #Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf # # Note: The following must must be present to support # starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent # but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl. # <IfModule ssl_module> SSLRandomSeed startup builtin SSLRandomSeed connect builtin </IfModule> Include "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/alias/*" Include "C:/Users/will/Dropbox/Wampee-2.1-beta-2/MyWebAp ps/etc/alias/*"

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  • after enabling mod ssl apache stops listening on port 80

    - by zensys
    I have an ubuntu 12.04 server with zend server CE installed. I now wanted to enable https but after the first steps according to the documentation, 'a2enmod ssl' and 'apache service restart', apache does not listen on 443 but neither on 80, according to netstat -tap | grep http(s)! This is what I see in my error log, but I can't make much of it: [Fri May 25 19:52:39 2012] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [warn] Init: Session Cache is not configured [hint: SSLSessionCache] [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [notice] ModSecurity for Apache/2.6.3 (http://www.modsecurity.org/) configured. [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: APR compiled version="1.4.5"; loaded version="1.4.6" [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [warn] ModSecurity: Loaded APR do not match with compiled! [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: PCRE compiled version="8.12"; loaded version="8.12 2011-01-15" [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: LUA compiled version="Lua 5.1" [Fri May 25 19:52:41 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: LIBXML compiled version="2.7.8" [Fri May 25 19:53:11 2012] [notice] ModSecurity for Apache/2.6.3 (http://www.modsecurity.org/) configured. [Fri May 25 19:53:11 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: APR compiled version="1.4.5"; loaded version="1.4.6" [Fri May 25 19:53:11 2012] [warn] ModSecurity: Loaded APR do not match with compiled! [Fri May 25 19:53:11 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: PCRE compiled version="8.12"; loaded version="8.12 2011-01-15" [Fri May 25 19:53:11 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: LUA compiled version="Lua 5.1" [Fri May 25 19:53:11 2012] [notice] ModSecurity: LIBXML compiled version="2.7.8" [Fri May 25 19:53:12 2012] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.3.8-ZS5.5.0 configured -- resuming normal operations and here is my httpd.conf: # Name based virtual hosting <virtualhost *:80> ServerName www-redirect KeepAlive Off RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^[^\./]+\.[^\./]+$ RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}/$1 [R=301,L] </virtualhost> Alias /shared/js "/home/web/library/js" Alias /shared/image "/home/web/library/image" <IfModule mod_expires.c> <FilesMatch "\.(jpe?g|png|gif|js|css|doc|rtf|xls|pdf)$"> ExpiresActive On ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 week" </FilesMatch> </IfModule> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel warn <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> <Location /> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L] RewriteRule ^.*$ /index.php [NC,L] </Location> netstat -tap gives: Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN 765/mysqld tcp 0 0 *:pop3 *:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp 0 0 *:imap2 *:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN 19861/apache2 tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN 30365/master tcp 0 0 *:4444 *:* LISTEN 634/sshd tcp 0 0 *:kamanda *:* LISTEN 1167/lighttpd tcp 0 0 *:imaps *:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp 0 0 *:amandaidx *:* LISTEN 1167/lighttpd tcp 0 0 localhost.loc:amidxtape *:* LISTEN 19861/apache2 tcp 0 0 *:pop3s *:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp 0 384 mail.mysite.:4444 231.214.14.37.dyn:41909 ESTABLISHED 19039/sshd: web [pr tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql localhost.localdo:48252 ESTABLISHED 765/mysqld tcp 0 0 mail.mysite.:http 231.214.14.37.dyn:54686 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 mail.mysite.:4444 231.214.14.37.dyn:42419 ESTABLISHED 19372/sshd: web [pr tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:48252 localhost.localdo:mysql ESTABLISHED 19884/auth tcp 0 0 mail.mysite.:http 231.214.14.37.dyn:54685 TIME_WAIT - tcp6 0 0 [::]:pop3 [::]:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp6 0 0 [::]:imap2 [::]:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp6 0 0 [::]:smtp [::]:* LISTEN 30365/master tcp6 0 0 [::]:4444 [::]:* LISTEN 634/sshd tcp6 0 0 [::]:imaps [::]:* LISTEN 744/dovecot tcp6 0 0 [::]:pop3s [::]:* LISTEN 744/dovecot Anyone knows what I am doing wrong? Perhaps I should take some additional steps to make apache listen 0n 443 but that it stops listening on 80 altogether I can't understand.

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  • Is Apache 2.2.22 able to sustain 1.000 simultaneous connected clients?

    - by Fnux
    For an article in a news paper, I'm benchmarking 5 different web servers (Apache2, Cherokee, Lighttpd, Monkey and Nginx). The tests made consist of measuring the execution times as well as different parameters such as the number of request served per second, the amount of RAM, the CPU used, during a growing load of simultaneous clients (from 1 to 1.000 with a step of 10) each client sending 1.000.000 requets of a small fixed file, then of a medium fixed file, then a small dynamic content (hello.php) and finally a complex dynamic content (the computation of the reimbursment of a loan). All the web servers are able to sustain such a load (up to 1.000 clients) but Apache2 which always stops to respond when the test reach 450 to 500 simultaneous clients. My configuration is : CPU: AMD FX 8150 8 cores @ 4.2 GHz RAM: 32 Gb. SSD: 2 x Crucial 240 Gb SATA6 OS: Ubuntu 12.04.3 64 bit WS: Apache 2.2.22 My Apache2 configuration is as follows: /etc/apache2/apache2.conf LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} Timeout 30 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000000 KeepAliveTimeout 2 ServerName "fnux.net" <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 16 MinSpareServers 16 MaxSpareServers 16 ServerLimit 2048 MaxClients 1024 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} AccessFileName .htaccess <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> DefaultType None HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel emerg Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf Include httpd.conf Include ports.conf LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent Include conf.d/ Include sites-enabled/ /etc/apache2/ports.conf NameVirtualHost *:8180 Listen 8180 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /cgi-bin/php5.external <Location "/cgi-bin/php5.external"> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from env=REDIRECT_STATUS </Location> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:8180> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/apache2 <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel emerg ##### CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /php5-fcgi Alias /php5-fcgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -host 127.0.0.1:9000 -pass-header Authorization </IfModule> </VirtualHost> /etc/security/limits.conf * soft nofile 1000000 * hard nofile 1000000 So, I would trully appreciate your advice to setup Apache2 to make it able to sustain 1.000 simultaneous clients, if this is even possible. TIA for your help. Cheers.

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  • nginx - 403 Forbidden

    - by michell90
    I've trouble to get aliases working correctly on nginx. When i try to access the aliases, /pma and /mba (see secure.example.com.conf), i get a 403 Forbidden but the base url works correctly. I read a lot of posts but nothing helped, so here i am. Nginx and php-fpm are running as www-data:www-data and the permissions for the directories are set to: drwxrwsr-x+ 5 www-data www-data 4.0K Dec 5 22:48 ./ drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4.0K Dec 4 22:50 ../ drwxrwsr-x+ 2 www-data www-data 4.0K Dec 5 13:10 mda.example.com/ drwxrwsr-x+ 11 www-data www-data 4.0K Dec 5 10:34 pma.example.com/ drwxrwsr-x+ 3 www-data www-data 4.0K Dec 5 11:49 www.example.com/ lrwxrwxrwx. 1 www-data www-data 18 Dec 5 09:56 secure.example.com -> www.example.com/ Im sorry for the bulk, but i thought better too much than too little. Here are the configuration files: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf user www-data www-data; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; #error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; #error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/secure.example.com server { listen 80; server_name secure.example.com; return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } server { listen 443; server_name secure.example.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/secure.example.com.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/secure.example.com.error.log; root /srv/http/secure.example.com; include /etc/nginx/ssl/secure.example.com.conf; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/index.conf; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/php-ssl.conf; autoindex off; location /pma/ { alias /srv/http/pma.example.com; } location /mda/ { alias /srv/http/mda.example.com; } } /etc/nginx/ssl/secure.example.com.conf ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/secure.example.com.crt; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/secure.example.com.key; ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; /etc/nginx/conf.d/index.conf index index.php index.html index.htm; /etc/nginx/conf.d/php-ssl.conf location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param HTTPS on; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename; include fastcgi_params; } /var/log/nginx/secure.example.com.error.log 2013/12/05 22:49:04 [error] 29291#0: *2 directory index of "/srv/http/pma.example.com" is forbidden, client: 176.199.78.88, server: secure.example.com, request: "GET /pma/ HTTP/1.1", host: "secure.example.com" EDIT: forgot to mention, i'm running CentOS 6.4 x86_64 and nginx 1.0.15 Thanks in advance!

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  • phpmyadmin login redirect fails with custom ssl port

    - by baraboom
    The server is running Ubuntu 10.10, Apache 2.2.16, PHP 5.3.3-1ubuntu9.3, phpMyAdmin 3.3.7deb5build0.10.10.1. Since this same server is also running Zimbra on port 443, I've configured apache to serve SSL on port 81. So far, I have one CMS script running on this virtual host successfully. However, when I access /phpmyadmin (set up with the default alias) on my custom ssl port and submit the login form, I am redirected to http://vhost.domain.com:81/index.php?TOKEN=foo (note the http:// instead of the https:// that the login url was using). This generates an Error 400 Bad Request complaining about "speaking plain HTTP to an SSL-enabled server port." I can then manually change the http:// to https:// in the URL and use phpmyadmin as expected. I was annoyed enough to spend an hour trying to fix it and now even more annoyed that I cannot figure it out. I've tried various things, including: Adding $cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri'] = 'https://vhost.domain.com:81/phpmyadmin/'; to the /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php file but this did not correct the problem (even though /usr/share/phpmyadmin/libraries/auth/cookie.auth.lib.php looks like it should honor it and use it as the redirect). Adding $cfg['ForceSSL'] = 1; to the same config.inc.php but then apache spirals into an infinite redirect. Adding a rewrite rule to the vhost-ssl conf file in apache but I was unable to figure out the condition to use when http:// was present along with the correct ssl port of :81. Lots of googling. Here are the relevant Apache configuration pieces: /etc/apache2/ports.conf <IfModule mod_ssl.c> NameVirtualHost *:81 Listen 81 </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/vhost-nonssl <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost ServerName vhost.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/xxx/sites/vhost/html RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}:81%{REQUEST_URI} </Virtualhost> /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/vhost-ssl <VirtualHost *:81> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost ServerName vhost.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/xxx/sites/vhost/html <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None AuthType Basic AuthName "Restricted Vhost" AuthUserFile /home/xxx/sites/vhost/.users Require valid-user </Directory> <Directory /home/xxx/sites/vhost/html/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin (The rest of the default .conf truncated.) Everything in the apache config seems to work ok - the rewrite from non-ssl to ssl, the http authentication, the problem only happens when I am submitting the login form for phpmyadmin from https://vhost.domain.com:81/index.php. Other configs: The phpmyadmin config is completely default and the php.ini has only had some minor changes to memory and timeout limits. These seem to work fine, as mentioned, another php script runs with no problem and phpmyadmin works great once I manually enter in the correct schema after login. I'm looking for either a bandaid I can add to save me the trouble of manually entering in the https:// after login, a real fix that will make phpmyadmin behave as I think it should or some greater understanding of why my desired config is not possible.

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  • DNS with name.com and Amazon S3

    - by aledalgrande
    I have a website on a bucket in Amazon S3, and recently started to get emails from Google "Googlebot can't access your site". When I go to Webmaster Tools and I try to fetch in fact it doesn't work. Also people in locations different from mine sometimes reported they could not access the website. Now for curiosity I tried from my terminal: $ host xxx xxx is an alias for xxx.s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com. xxx.s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com is an alias for s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com. s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com has address yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy And when I try with dig: $ dig xxx ; <<>> DiG 9.8.3-P1 <<>> xxx ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 17860 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;xxx. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: xxx. 300 IN CNAME xxx.s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com. xxx.s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com. 60 IN CNAME s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com. s3-website-us-west-1.amazonaws.com. 60 IN A yyy ;; Query time: 1514 msec ;; SERVER: 75.75.75.75#53(75.75.75.75) ;; WHEN: Fri Aug 22 12:32:13 2014 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 127 It seems OK to me. Why would Google tell me there is a DNS error? UPDATE: Google also cannot fetch robots.txt, but I can fetch it from my browser. UPDATE 2: I have a forwarding on the root to the www.* hostname: $ dig thenifty.me ; <<>> DiG 9.8.3-P1 <<>> thenifty.me ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49286 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;thenifty.me. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: thenifty.me. 300 IN SOA ns1hwy.name.com. support.name.com. 1 10800 3600 604800 300 ;; Query time: 148 msec ;; SERVER: 75.75.75.75#53(75.75.75.75) ;; WHEN: Fri Aug 22 13:32:56 2014 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 88

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  • shinken/nagios discriminative between warning alert and critical alert

    - by SWdream
    i using shinken for my monitoring system. Now, i have a problem when i configure shinken notification. My purpose is to discriminative between notification for warning state and critical state of check service: with warning state: + time to send alert from 8h = 18 h everyday, via email and sms + notification_interval is 60 minutes (Re-notify about service problems every hour) with critical state: + time to send alert : all time (24 x 7), via email and sms + notification_interval is 30 minutes Please show me how to solve my problem! I have tried the following: i configured: + contact templates: define contact{ name warning-contact ; The name of this contact template register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL CONTACT, JUST A TEMPLATE! host_notifications_enabled 1 define contact{ service_notifications_enabled 1 email shinken@localhost can_submit_commands 1 notificationways email_warning, sms_warning } define contact{ name critical-contact ; The name of this contact template register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL CONTACT, JUST A TEMPLATE! host_notifications_enabled 1 service_notifications_enabled 1 email shinken@localhost can_submit_commands 1 notificationways email_critical, sms_critical } + time poriod templates: define timeperiod{ timeperiod_name warning alias Normal Work Hours monday 08:00-18:00 tuesday 08:00-18:00 wednesday 08:00-18:00 thursday 08:00-18:00 friday 08:00-18:00 saturday 08:00-18:00 sunday 08:00-18:00 #exclude 24x7 } define timeperiod{ timeperiod_name 24x7 alias 24_Hours_A_Day,_7_Days_A_Week sunday 00:00-24:00 monday 00:00-24:00 tuesday 00:00-24:00 wednesday 00:00-24:00 thursday 00:00-24:00 friday 00:00-24:00 saturday 00:00-24:00 #exclude workhours } + notification way templates: define notificationway{ notificationway_name email_warning service_notification_period warning host_notification_period warning service_notification_options w host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 60 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email ; send service notifications via email host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email ; send host notifications via email } define notificationway{ notificationway_name email_critical service_notification_period 24x7 host_notification_period 24x7 service_notification_options c,r host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 30 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email ; send service notifications via email host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email ; send host notifications via email } define notificationway{ notificationway_name sms_warning service_notification_period warning host_notification_period warning service_notification_options w host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 60 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-sms ; send service notifications via sms host_notification_commands notify-host-by-sms ; send host notifications via sms } define notificationway{ notificationway_name sms_critical service_notification_period 24x7 host_notification_period 24x7 service_notification_options c,r host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 30 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-sms ; send service notifications via sms host_notification_commands notify-host-by-sms ; send host notifications via sms } + my contacts define contact{ use warning-contact contact_name thanhwarn email xxxx pager xxxx ; contact phone number } define contact{ use critical-contact contact_name thanhcritical email xxxxx pager 01689xxxx ; contact phone number } + and define service: define service{ use generic-service service_description check_ram host_name graphite contacts thanhcritical, thanhwarn check_command check_nrpe!check_ram } but my shinken system don't send alert. i don't understand this. please show me where I went wrong! thanks all!

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  • Reinstall Postfix

    - by Kevin
    I tried to reinstall Postfix, but I get this bunch of errors: root@***:/etc/init.d# sudo apt-get install -f postfix Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: procmail postfix-mysql postfix-pgsql postfix-ldap postfix-pcre resolvconf postfix-cdb mail-reader The following NEW packages will be installed: postfix 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/1,389kB of archives. After this operation, 3,531kB of additional disk space will be used. Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package postfix. (Reading database ... 56122 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking postfix (from .../postfix_2.7.1-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... Processing triggers for ufw ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up postfix (2.7.1-1ubuntu0.1) ... Configuration file `/etc/init.d/postfix' ==> File on system created by you or by a script. ==> File also in package provided by package maintainer. What would you like to do about it ? Your options are: Y or I : install the package maintainer's version N or O : keep your currently-installed version D : show the differences between the versions Z : start a shell to examine the situation The default action is to keep your current version. *** postfix (Y/I/N/O/D/Z) [default=N] ? Y Installing new version of config file /etc/init.d/postfix ... Adding group `postfix' (GID 109) ... Done. Adding system user `postfix' (UID 106) ... Adding new user `postfix' (UID 106) with group `postfix' ... Not creating home directory `/var/spool/postfix'. Creating /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Adding tcp map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Adding group `postdrop' (GID 115) ... Done. setting myhostname: ***.net setting alias maps setting alias database setting myorigin setting destinations: ***.net, localhost.***.net, , localhost setting relayhost: setting mynetworks: 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 setting mailbox_size_limit: 0 setting recipient_delimiter: + setting inet_interfaces: all Postfix is now set up with a default configuration. If you need to make changes, edit /etc/postfix/main.cf (and others) as needed. To view Postfix configuration values, see postconf(1). After modifying main.cf, be sure to run '/etc/init.d/postfix reload'. Running newaliases postalias: fatal: /etc/mailname: cannot open file: Permission denied dpkg: error processing postfix (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Errors were encountered while processing: postfix E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I tried aptitude purge, remove, autoclean and all of dpkg options (configure, remove, purge) but nothing did the trick. /etc/mailname exists (0644 root:root) with as content *.net (fetched from hostname). What am I doing wrong?

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  • How to use Public IP in case of two ISP when two differs from each other

    - by user1471995
    Please bare with my long explanation but this is important to explain the actual problem. Please also pardon my knowledge with PFsense as i am new to this. I have single PFSense box with 3 Ethernet adapter. Before moving to configuration for these, i want to let you know i have two Ethernet based Internet Leased Line Connectivity let's call them ISP A and ISP B. Then last inetrface is LAN which is connected to network switch. Typical network diagram ISP A ----- PFSense ----> Switch ---- > Servers ISP B ----- ISP A (Initially Purchased) WAN IP:- 113.193.X.X /29 Gateway IP :- 113.193.X.A and other 4 usable public IP in same subnet(So the gateway for those IP are also same). ISP B (Recently Purchased) WAN IP:- 115.115.X.X /30 Gateway IP :- 115.115.X.B and other 5 usable public IP in different subnet(So the gateway for those IP is different), for example if 115.119.X.X2 is one of the IP from that list then the gateway for this IP is 115.119.X.X1. Configuration for 3 Interfaces Interface : WAN Network Port : nfe0 Type : Static IP Address : 113.193.X.X /29 Gateway : 113.193.X.A Interface : LAN Network Port : vr0 Type : Static IP Address : 192.168.1.1 /24 Gateway : None Interface : RELWAN Network Port : rl0 Type : Static IP Address : 115.115.X.X /30 (I am not sure of the subnet) Gateway : 115.115.X.B To use Public IP from ISP A i have done following steps a) Created Virtual IP using either ARP or IP Alias. b) Using Firewall: NAT: Port Forward i have created specific natting from one public IP to my internal Lan private IP for example :- WAN TCP/UDP * * 113.193.X.X1 53 (DNS) 192.168.1.5 53 (DNS) WAN TCP/UDP * * 113.193.X.X1 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.5 80 (HTTP) WAN TCP * * 113.193.X.X2 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.7 80 (HTTP) etc., c) Current state for Firewall: NAT: Outbound is Manual and whatever default rule are defined for the WAN those are only present. d) If this section in relevant then for Firewall: Rules at WAN tab then following default rule has been generated. * RFC 1918 networks * * * * * Block private networks * Reserved/not assigned by IANA * * * * * * To use Public IP from ISP B i have done following steps a) Created Virtual IP using either ARP or IP Alias. b) Using Firewall: NAT: Port Forward i have created specific natting from one public IP to my internal Lan private IP for example :- RELWAN TCP/UDP * * 115.119.116.X.X1 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.11 80 (HTTP) c) Current state for Firewall: NAT: Outbound is Manual and whatever default rule are defined for the RELWAN those are only present. d) If this section in relevant then for Firewall: Rules at RELWAN tab then following default rule has been generated. * RFC 1918 networks * * * * * * Reserved/not assigned by IANA * * * * * * Last thing before my actual query is to make you aware that to have multiple Wan setup i have done following steps a) Under System: Gateways at Groups Tab i have created new group as following MultipleGateway WANGW, RELWAN Tier 2,Tier 1 Multiple Gateway Test b) Then Under Firewall: Rules at LAN tab i have created a rule for internal traffic as follows * LAN net * * * MultipleGateway none c) This setup works if unplug first ISP traffic start routing using ISP 2 and vice-versa. Now my main query and problem is i am not able to use public IP address allocated by ISP B, i have tried many small tweaks but not successful in anyone. The notable difference between the two ISP is a) In case of ISP A there Public usable IP address are on same subnet so the gateway used for the WAN ip is same for the other public IP address. b) In case of ISP B there public usable IP address are on different subnet so the obvious the gateway IP for them is different from WAN gateway's IP. Please let me know how to use ISP B public usable IP address, in future also i am going to rely for more IPs from ISP B only.

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