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• Extend Linux Desktop to another X Windows Display

  - by unknown (google)

  Hello, I am a long time Linux user of the Xinerama and other technologies for extending a desktop to multiple monitors. However when I travel with my laptop I miss the multi-monitor support I enjoy at home. Recently I acquired a second laptop for a low price. Both laptops are running Fedora (versions 10 and 11 respectively). I use Gnome as my primary desktop environment. I know about synergy. I use synergy all the time to control the screen of other Windows / Linux systems I use. I would like to know, can I sit both my primary and secondary laptops together and achieve a Xinerama-like extended desktop environment? Ideally I would like to start a GNOME session on my primary laptop. And then start a X-Windows Desktop on my secondary laptop and extend my primary laptop's desktop onto it. I would like to be able to move Windows from the primary desktop to the secondary laptop desktop. Would I need to use synergy to do this with some other bit of X-Windows technology? Or is there X-Windows technology that will do all this for me? I am familiar with X Windows ability to display applications remotely. I am also familiar with Nomachine's NoX.

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• Subdomain is preventing my search results from rising as expected in page rank

  - by culov

  My problem is that I have a site which has requires a dedicated page for every city I choose to support. Early on, I decided to use subdomains rather than a directly after my domain (ie i used la.truxmap.com rather than truxmap.com/la). I realize now that this was a major mistake because Google seems to treat la.truxmap.com as a completely different site as ny.truxmap.com. So for instance, if i search "la food truck map" my site will be near the top, however, if i search "nyc food truck map" im no where in sight because ny.truxmap.com wouldnt be very high in the page rank by itself, and it doesnt have the boost that it ought to be getting from the better known la.truxmap.com So a mistake I made a year ago is now haunting my page rank. I'd like to know what the most painless way of resolving my dilemma might be. I have received so much press at la.truxmap.com that I can't just kill the site, but could I re-direct all requests at la.truxmap.com to truxmap.com/la and do the same for all cities supported without trashing my current, satisfactory page rank results I'm getting from la.truxmap.com ?? EDIT I left out some critical information. I am using Google Apps to manage my domain (that is, to add the subdomains) and Google App Engine to host my site. Thus, Google Apps provides a simple mechanism to mask truxmap.appspot.com (the app engine domain) as la.truxmap.com, but I don't see how I can mask it as truxmap.com/la. If I can get this done, then I can just 301 redirect la.truxmap.com to truxmap.com/la as suggested below. Thanks so much!

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• iptables drops some packets on port 80 and i don't know the cause.

  - by Janning

  Hi, We are running a firewall with iptables on our Debian Lenny system. I show you only the relevant entries of our firewall. Chain INPUT (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) target prot opt in out source destination ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 state NEW Chain OUTPUT (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) target prot opt in out source destination ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Some packets get dropped each day with log messages like this: Feb 5 15:11:02 host1 kernel: [104332.409003] dropped IN= OUT=eth0 SRC= DST= LEN=1420 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=18576 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=80 DPT=59327 WINDOW=54 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 for privacy reasons I replaced IP Addresses with and This is no reason for any concern, but I just want to understand what's happening. The web server tries to send a packet to the client, but the firewall somehow came to the conclusion that this packet is "UNRELATED" to any prior traffic. I have set a kernel parameter ip_conntrack_ma to a high enough value to be sure to get all connections tracked by iptables state module: sysctl -w net.ipv4.netfilter.ip_conntrack_max=524288 What's funny about that is I get one connection drop every 20 minutes: 06:34:54 droppedIN= 06:52:10 droppedIN= 07:10:48 droppedIN= 07:30:55 droppedIN= 07:51:29 droppedIN= 08:10:47 droppedIN= 08:31:00 droppedIN= 08:50:52 droppedIN= 09:10:50 droppedIN= 09:30:52 droppedIN= 09:50:49 droppedIN= 10:11:00 droppedIN= 10:30:50 droppedIN= 10:50:56 droppedIN= 11:10:53 droppedIN= 11:31:00 droppedIN= 11:50:49 droppedIN= 12:10:49 droppedIN= 12:30:50 droppedIN= 12:50:51 droppedIN= 13:10:49 droppedIN= 13:30:57 droppedIN= 13:51:01 droppedIN= 14:11:12 droppedIN= 14:31:32 droppedIN= 14:50:59 droppedIN= 15:11:02 droppedIN= That's from today, but on other days it looks like this, too (sometimes the rate varies). What might be the reason? Any help is greatly appreciated. kind regards Janning

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• DRBD as a block device for XEN VM (Centos 5.3)

  - by SaberTooth

  Hi all, I have setup a drbd resource between 2 server nodes - everything works correctly when doing sync tests between the two. (I want to create a HA cluster using drbd,xen and heartbeat) However, when I try and create a XEN VM with Centos as guest operating system, I get through to the partitioning screen on the install but when I select a partitioning type the next screen gives me the following error : "An error has occurred - no valid devices were found on which to create new file systems. Please check your hardware for the cause of this problem." This is the first time attempting create a setup like this and searching Google does not help much... my config files for DRBD and XEN.... DRBD (just the section that is pertinent) on xennode0 { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/sda5; address X.X.X.X:7788; flexible-meta-disk internal; } on xennode1 { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/sda5; address X.X.X.X:7788; meta-disk internal; } XEN kernel = "/boot/xeninstall/vmlinuz" ramdisk = "/boot/xeninstall/initrd.img" extra = "text" name = "VM" maxmem = 3000 memory = 3000 vcpus = 4 on_poweroff = "destroy" on_reboot = "restart" on_crash = "restart" vfb = [ ] disk = [ "phy:/dev/drbd0,sda1,w", "tap:aio:/srv/xen/xenswap.img,sda2,w" ] vif = [ "mac=00:16:3e:11:67:ae,bridge=xenbr0" ] root = "/dev/sda1 ro" Thanks in advance!

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• Help configuring Mercury mail or similiar with XAMPP to send e-mail outside of localhost

  - by user291040

  I'm building a PHP/MySQL driven website for my department at work (installed via XAMPP). I need to be able to send mail to outside e-mail addresses (e.g., Yahoo, Hotmail, etc.) using the PHP mail() function. As I see it I have to solutions: Configure the SMTP directive in php.ini to the server running at my work. Configure/run a mail server that can send e-mails outside of localhost (I'm trying Mercury because it comes installed with XAMPP). Here are problems I've come up against: I took a guess at our SMTP server name, and when calling PHP mail(), I get the error SMTP server response: 530 5.7.1 Client was not authenticated I can't be sure, however, the SMTP name is correct (I can't get help from our IT guys because of politics). I have tried to use mercury mail. Mercury seems to be picking up the request, but it doesn't want to forward the e-mail to the outside. I keep getting a Temporary error 240 (temporary MX resolution error). I've searched high and low but still can't find a definitive answer on how to send e-mails outside of localhost. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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• How can I determine the IP addresses allocated by DHCP on a router that I'm connected to?

  - by user234831

  This "router" is not a typical situation. I'm using my phone as a hotspot and can only configure a select number of DHCP options. I can manage the limit on how many devices/clients can use my phone as a hotspot. I have to select from a radio-button list with the options: 2,3,4,5, or 8 I can specify the DHCP starting IP address. In this case, it begins at 192.168.6.106 When I'm connected via WIFI to my phone, an ipconfig /all command shows me that the default gateway is 192.168.6.1 and my IPv4 address is 192.168.1.148. I have the luxury of connecting another device to the phone and that device was assigned 192.168.1.121. I've tried connecting to 192.168.6.1, hoping for some sort of router setup page that I'm used to seeing, but there is no such thing or maybe it's just a matter of incompatable operating systems. In summary, the "router" (phone) has an IP address of 192.168.6.1 and a DHCP server that begins at 192.168.6.106 and allows up to 8 connections. Normally, I would assume a range of 192.168.6.106 - 192.168.6.113, but connected clients are showing otherwise. How can I figure out which IP addresses are set aside by DHCP for clients?

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• What mobile phones are viable for a "nerdy" person? [closed]

  - by Blixt

  This community wiki is for determining a list of good mobile phone choices if you are "nerdy" (definition follows.) As a point of reference, the almost two years old N95 8GB will be used. Mostly because that's what I can most relate to since I've had it since it came out. Today, iPhone and other modern mobile phones really out-shine it in usability and interface. However, it still does everything I want it to do (and here's the definition of "nerdy"; modify as needed): Syncs contacts, calendar, tasks and mail in the background Can run multiple installable applications in the background (Google Maps with Latitude, for example) Good amount of space for music etc. Lets you develop your own little toy applications (Python; not to mention it can also run an Apache server with a public URL!) Tethering! Supports Flash (maybe not very important, but it has its uses) Has a manufacturer that believes in the nerdiness! (The people at Nokia Labs make lots of cool stuff and share early versions with the community and are generally open) A high resolution screen (at least 320x240) Special hardware features such as an accelerometer and GPS What's missing from the N95 8GB but still qualifies as good, "nerdy", qualities: 7.2 Mbit/s (or faster) internet through HSDPA or HSPA+. A good web browser that can do most of the stuff a desktop browser can (especially render sites properly and run JavaScript correctly) Touch (especially multi-touch) More special hardware features such as a compass Intuitive and fluent user interface (Shiny stuff) Ability to configure it to trust root certificates of my own choice A processor fast enough to run Quake 3! =)

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• Scaling a node.js application, nginx as a base server, but varnish or redis for caching?

  - by AntelopeSalad

  I'm not close to being well versed in using nginx or varnish but this is my setup at the moment. I have a node.js server running which is serving either json, html templates, or socket.io events. Then I have nginx running in front of node which is serving all static content (css, js, etc.). At this point I would like to cache both static content and dynamic content to memory. It's to my understanding that varnish can cache static content quite well and it wouldn't require touching my application code. I also think it's capable of caching dynamic content too but there cannot be any cookie headers? I do use redis at the moment for holding session data and planned to use it for other things in the future like keeping track of non-crucial but fun stats. I just have no idea how I should handle caching everything on the site. I think it comes down to these options but there might be more: Throw varnish in front of nginx and let varnish cache static pages, no app code changes. Redis would cache dynamic db calls which would require modifying my app code. Ignore using varnish completely and let redis handle caching everything, then use one of the nginx-redis modules. I'm not sure if this would require a lot of app code changes (for the static files). I'm not having any luck finding benchmarks that compare nginx+varnish vs nginx+redis and I'm too inexperienced to bench it myself (high chances of my configs being awful). I'm basically looking for the solution that would be the most efficient in terms of req/sec and scalable in the future (throw new hardware at the problem + maybe adjust some values in a config = new servers up and running semi-painlessly).

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• Windows 7 boot animation slows down startup by default?

  - by kngofwrld

  I just upgraded my HDD to an SSD drive. I am running a completely fresh install and enjoy the short boot time. I tweaked the startup to be as fast as I could by removing unneeded apps and such. Nor am I running a solid desktop background (which causes a 30-sec startup delay). I have a 2.1ghz 64 bit laptop with 4 gigs of ram, so it's not a liquid-cooled speed monster, but I checked some super high end PC boot vids on YouTube and noticed that they startup in almost the same time as my machine. I also noticed that the glowing Windows 7 animation plays all the way no matter how fast the PC is. I turned off the animation, and the startup time is unchanged. I turned on verbose startup info and noticed that it runs until the very end, where it looks like it just sits there for no reason waiting for something to happen for a few seconds. So now I think that the Windows 7 startup animation has a timer built into it that forces the computer to wait for no other reason than to play the full animation. Super-fast XP boot vids on YouTube seem to start much faster (and not just because they "have less to load"). Am I imagining things? My question is: How can I turn off not just the animation, but the timer for the animation. Here is a vid that tipped me off, I have no relation to the poster. (warning: soundtrack might be loud) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T5LkX3xejJ4

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• What is the typical maximum number of database connections for Oracle running on Windows server ?

  - by Sake

  We are maintaining a database server that serve a large number of clients. Each client typically running serveral client-applications. The total number of connections to the database server (Oracle 9i) is reaching 800 connections on peak load. The windows 2003 server is starting to run out of memory. We are now planning to move to 64bit Windows in order to gain higher memory capability. As a developer I suggest moving to multi-tier architecture with conneciton pooling, which I believe is a natural solution to this problem. However, in order to support my idea, I want the information on: what exactly is the typical number of connections allowed for Oracle database ? What is the problem when the number connections is too high ? Too much memory comsumption ? or too many sockets opened ? or too many context switching between threads ? To be a little bit specific, how could Oracle Forms application scale to thousand of users without facing this problem ? Shall Oracle RAC applied to this case ? I'm sure the answer to this question should depend on quite a number of factors, like the exact spec of the hardware being used. I'm expecting a rough estimation or some experience from the real world.

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• Java in a browser on Ubuntu

  - by Peter

  So I am running an old version of Ubuntu and all of a sudden, my capabilities to run Java in a browser have stopped and it no longer executes properly. Someone else set this up for me, but I believe it's running icedtea plugin 6 and jre 6. What would be the best ways to troubleshoot this? I suppose I could try downloading icedtea 7 and jre 7 (sun or openjdK) and see if that works? Also, in general, is installing icedtea, installing a java runtime environment, and then symlinking something to the plugins directory of your browser the best way to get Java working on most Linux systems? Unfortunately, there are many guides all over the internet offering totally different solutions, but this is probably the most common I've seen (not sure how well it works). My main use is downloading an executing .jnlp files (browsers should open it automatically). Although, I've seen people using "javasw" to run the file outside of a browser. Is this something I could consider doing? I can't seem to find javasw packaged for my version of Ubuntu.

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• WINDOWS: Your computer hangs. You can windows + R (run dialog) but performance is so halted taskMGR

  - by John Sullivan

  The question is, what process are available to try to recover from total system instability before pulling the plug when we can do nothing but programs or batches in the path from the run dialog (windows + r key), and performance is so dead that taskMGR / procEXP / other programs with visual guis are not usable? I am not a windows expert, but ideally someone out there has written a program that does more or less stuff like this: Immediately set (or perhaps I can set from the run prompt) its priority to extremely high, evaluate performance bottlenecks. E.g. is CPU 100%? If so identify offending program(s) or problems. Attempt / log fixes, then provide crude feedback asking the user if his performance has stabilized enough to abort, wait a few seconds, if no feedback continue, etc. etc. Eventually try to do any "system cleanup" if the program decides it cannot recover and perhaps finally provide a series of beeps to the user, or what have you, to say "OK, I give up, time to pull the plug". Ideally create a log, when able. These kinds of horrible hangs are a situation where surely trying something, anything, is better than nothing -- as long as that something is intelligent -- when the alternative is ripping out the power coord. Again, I am not a windows expert, so perhaps there is a much more elegant "hands on" approach I am not aware of.

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• INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE after installing Linux on same drive

  - by kdgregory

  History: My PC was configured with two drives: an 80G on IDE 0 Primary that was running Win2K, and a 320G on IDE 0 Secondary that was running Linux (Ubuntu). I decided to pull the 80Gb drive out of the system, so dd'd the entire 80 G drive (/dev/sda) onto the 320 (/dev/sdb) -- this included the MBR and partition table. Then I pulled the drive, plugged the 320 into IDE 0 Primary, and rebooted. The Windows partition worked at this point. Then I installed Ubuntu into the remaining space on the 320. It works. However, when I try to boot into Windows, I get a BSOD with the following message: *** STOP: 0x0000007B (0x89055030,0xC000014F,0x00000000,0x00000000) INACCESSILE_BOOT_DEVICE Before the BSOD I see the Win2K splash screen, and it claims to be "starting windows" for a couple of seconds -- so it appears that the first stage boot loader is working as expected. Ditto when I try booting in Safe Mode. After reading the Microsoft KB article, I booted into the recovery console and tried running chkdsk /r. It refused to run, claiming that the drive was corrupted (sorry, didn't write down the exact error message). However, I can mount the drive from Linux, and access all files. And for what it's worth, I can scan the drive using the Linux "Disk Utility" (this is Ubuntu, the menus don't show real program names), it claims the drive to be clean. The KB article mentioned that boot.ini could be the problem, so here it is: timeout=10 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional" /fastdetect Any pointers on what to do next?

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• Why am I unable to mount my USB drive (unknown partition table)?

  - by Pat

  I'm a real newbie to linux. Anyway the problem is that my USB doesn't get recognized anymore which is really annoying because I need information from it. I've read like a zillion threads how to manually mount it but I really can't it to work. I hope it's just some easy, stupid problem where any of you could help me out quickly.. Here is the syslog: kernel: [ 6872.420125] usb 2-2: new high-speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 11: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-2" kernel: [ 6872.556295] scsi8 : usb-storage 2-2:1.0 mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 11 was not an MTP device kernel: [ 6873.558081] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer 8.01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS kernel: [ 6873.559964] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 kernel: [ 6873.562833] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 15682559 512-byte logical blocks: (8.02 GB/7.47 GiB) kernel: [ 6873.564867] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off kernel: [ 6873.564878] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 45 00 00 08 kernel: [ 6873.565485] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.565495] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.568377] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.568387] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.574330] sdc: unknown partition table kernel: [ 6873.576853] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.576863] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.576871] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk Thanks in advance

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• SQL Server Replication Backup

  - by user18039

  Hi We have a new system that runs on SQL Server 2008 r2 64-bit. There is a primary on-line transactional processing (OLTP) database that accepts a high volume of updates from several thousand Point of Sale systems at stores around the country. In order to protect this vital function, I have decided to introduce a dedicated reporting database server - from which multiple users will run some pretty complex reports. I realise that there were a number of choices but I decided to use Transaction Replication as the mechanism for copying the data from the OLTP database to the new reporting database - one way replication. The solution has worked well in test. I'm now being asked what changes need to be made to the backup policy to cover the architectural changes. I have read pages such as MSDN:Strategies for Backing Up and Restoring Snapshot and Transactional Replication but I think these are overkill for my solution. In fact, my current thinking is that we simply need to continue making backups of the OLTP data and logs. If the Reporting db or any of the system replication (eg distribution) databases fail then it's no big deal - we can clear all down then re-create the replication. I realise that taking a complete snapshot of the OLTP would be time consuming (approx 5 hours) but I'd be more relaxed about this that trying to restore backups of the various data and log files in the correct sequence. My view is that the complex strategies set out in the MSDN article would only be the way to go for a more complex replication solution than I have, eg if there were multiple subscribers with 2-way replication. Would you agree? I'd be grateful for any advice. Many thanks, Rob.,

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• Fedora 19 no longer bootable

  - by Parisa

  I had fedora dual-booted with windows on my laptop for a while but with windows refresh grub was gone and my system directly booted windows. I booted fedora with my systems boot options and with this tutorial: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/GRUB_2 I reinstalled grub2 but then had my system booted into an empty grub prompt: grub So I found the drive containing vmlinuz and initramfs (completely sure about thair location and versions) and tried to manually boot it but after the boot command it said: no suitable video mode found booting in blind mode and nothing happened. Such a tragedy... I have already tried to use live disks rescue system. Funny but troubleshooting options don't apear on my laptop while they do on my desktop pc. I cant even go to boot prompt on my lenovo idepad z400 laptop. I also tried EasyBCD so maybe I could boot it with windows but it comes up with this error: missing AutoNeoGrub().mbr Now I have removed the grub prompt (don't know why) and its really hard for me to reinstall my dearly customized fedora. If anyone knows a way to help boot it again or reinstall it keeping my files and installations I really need it. Thanks PS:I have already tried Boot-repair Disk but it asks me to enable the repo containing grub-efi on my fedora to reinstall the grub2 and fix the boot for me (how could i?).

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• New to server admin, Diagnosing Memory and CPU issues on DV

  - by G Thompson

  Sorry for my ignorance and lack of knowledge. I'm a PHP/Front-end developer just now venturing into very minor server management/diagnostics. I have a Media Temple DV account. I have 2 sites that run a PHP script through a subscription service to an API. Basically API hits site with said script. Script runs, gathers data from api, saves data to SQL database. I noticed that these sites seemed to causing memory overages on my server (not sure why). So I temporarily disabled them. The memory overage alerts stopped but my CPU still sits really high, like at 115% and above. I'm trying to diagnos this with tutorials and resources but just can't seem to find a solution. I'll attach screenshots(screenshots are without the PHP scripts I assume are responsible for the memory issues) I'm assuming are important to the diagnosis, but if anyone can point me in the right direction to start A. figuring out if and why the PHP script may be causing memory overages and B. Why my CPU is always over 100%. Thanks guys! Links to screen shots... can't post with low points. http://i.stack.imgur.com/A64k4.png http://i.stack.imgur.com/qm1rV.png

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• Are there tools available for trimming PDF margins?

  - by Charles Duffy

  I have an ebook I'm trying to read in PDF format on a Kindle. Unfortunately, the page headers and footers have some content (page number and copyright info, respectively) preventing the device from scaling the actual text to match its usable area viewing area, thus leaving the actual content too small to read. Various tools are available which will trim off whitespace, but the Kindle already does this; my goal, by contrast, is to remove printed matter outside of a defined bounding box, and the only tool I've found for the purpose is moderately expensive commercial software. I could probably generate a mask in Inkscape; split out the individual pages using pdftk, apply the mask to each page individually (outputting to postscript), and recombine the numerous postscript files into a single PDF. However, this decode/reencode steps would be pretty unfortunate in terms of document size; something able to operate with a bit more finesse would be ideal. I have all major operating systems handy (Windows, several modern Linux distros, a Mac, etc) so solutions don't need to be constrained by platform. Suggestions? (I've reported the issue to the author, who mentioned it to his editor, who hasn't done anything about the issue over the course of more than a month, making the zero-work approach evidently nonproductive).

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• Gigabit network limited to 25MB/s by CPU. How to make it faster?

  - by netvope

  I have a Acer Aspire R1600-U910H with a nForce gigabit network adapter. The maximum TCP throughput of it is about 25MB/s, and apparently it is limited by the single core Intel Atom 230; when the maximum throughput is reached, the CPU usage is about 50%-60%, which corresponds to full utilization considering this is a Hyper-threading enabled CPU. The same problem occurs on both Windows XP and on Ubuntu 8.04. On Windows, I have installed the latest nForce chipset driver, disabled power saving features, and enabled checksum offload. On Linux, the default driver has checksum offload enabled. There is no Linux driver available on Nvidia's website. ethtool -k eth0 shows that checksum offload is enabled: Offload parameters for eth0: rx-checksumming: on tx-checksumming: on scatter-gather: on tcp segmentation offload: on udp fragmentation offload: off generic segmentation offload: off The following is the output of powertop when the network is idle: Wakeups-from-idle per second : 61.9 interval: 10.0s no ACPI power usage estimate available Top causes for wakeups: 90.9% (101.3) <interrupt> : eth0 4.5% ( 5.0) iftop : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 1.8% ( 2.0) <kernel core> : clocksource_register (clocksource_watchdog) 0.9% ( 1.0) dhcdbd : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 0.5% ( 0.6) <kernel core> : neigh_table_init_no_netlink (neigh_periodic_timer) And when the maximum throughput of about 25MB/s is reached: Wakeups-from-idle per second : 11175.5 interval: 10.0s no ACPI power usage estimate available Top causes for wakeups: 99.9% (22097.4) <interrupt> : eth0 0.0% ( 5.0) iftop : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 0.0% ( 2.0) <kernel core> : clocksource_register (clocksource_watchdog) 0.0% ( 1.0) dhcdbd : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 0.0% ( 0.6) <kernel core> : neigh_table_init_no_netlink (neigh_periodic_timer) Notice the 20000 interrupts per second. Could this be the cause for the high CPU usage and low throughput? If so, how can I improve the situation? The other computers in the network can usually transfer at 50+MB/s without problems. And a minor question: How can I find out what is the driver in use for eth0?

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• Passive mode FTP file download hangs from specific machine

  - by chiptuned

  I have a server which is an AWS instance that just cannot download files from a specific FTP server. I can connect to the FTP server fine and run some commands, but when I request a file it just hangs. Here is the debug output of the base linux ftp client after login: ---> SYST 215 UNIX Type: Apache FtpServer Remote system type is UNIX. ftp> get outgoing/catalog.gz catalog.gz local: catalog.gz remote: outgoing/catalog.gz ---> PASV 227 Entering Passive Mode (64,156,167,125,135,191) ---> RETR outgoing/catalog.gz 150 File status okay; about to open data connection. Thats it. Then it just sits there and nothing transfers. I have verified that a data connection is made but the client gets no data. ? ss -nt dst 64.156.167.125 State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port ESTAB 0 0 10.185.147.150:41190 64.156.167.125:21 ESTAB 0 0 10.185.147.150:48871 64.156.167.125:48557 The FTP server is not in my control and downloads from other FTP servers in passive mode have worked. Active mode does not work as the system is behind a firewall. Every FTP client I've tried has the same problem. The download works from other systems, even from other AWS instances I have with the same Security Group. Not necessarily the same distro or config though. I understand it may be some issue on the server side, but I want to know what it is about my particular machine where the transfer hangs and where on every other machine I can get my hands on, it works. Please let me know what the culprit on the client side could be or ideas on what else to look at.

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• Outbound ports to allow through firewall - core requirements

  - by dunxd

  This question was asked before, but in a rather general way. I'm asking more specifically based on my current requirements. We have a number of remote offices made up of a bunch of PCs and an ASA 5505 which is used as firewall and VPN termination point. In the offices we share the internet connection with one or more other organisations over whom we have very little control, asides from the config on the ASAs. For a bunch of reasons I'd like to lock down these ASA 5505s to only allow outbound traffic to ports used by applications we know we need. I'm putting a standard config to roll out to all the ASAs, and if we need to open up ports for the other orgs we can do it on request. But I want to leave open the most commonly required ports so we can get up and running without waiting on other folks technical staff to get back. I plan to allow the following TCP ports to support email and web access, which I know everyone will need: POP3 (110 and 995) HTTP (80 and 443) IMAP4 (143 and 993) SMTP (25 and and 465) The question really is, what other ports do I need to leave open to allow for "normal" working? I've seen UDP port 53 for DNS as one. Are there any others that would be worth opening up? Just to note - I'll also be setting up monitoring systems to keep an eye on the ports we do allow. Any of the above could be misused of course. We'll also back all this up with signed agreements. But I'm aiming for a technical solutions where I don't have to start out with the full requirements of everyone we share connections with. See also: outbound ports that are always open

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• Pull network or power? (for contianing a rooted server)

  - by Aleksandr Levchuk

  When a server gets rooted (e.g. a situation like this), one of the first things that you may decide to do is containment. Some security specialists advise not to enter remediation immediately and to keep the server online until forensics are completed. Those advises are usually for APT. It's different if you have occasional Script kiddie breaches. However, you may decide to remediate (fix things) early and one of the steps in remediation is containment of the server. Quoting from Robert Moir's Answer - "disconnect the victim from its muggers". A server can be contained by pulling the network cable or the power cable. Which method is better? Taking into consideration the need for: Protecting victims from further damage Executing successful forensics (Possibly) Protecting valuable data on the server Edit: 5 assumptions Assuming: You detected early: 24 hours. You want to recover early: 3 days of 1 systems admin on the job (forensics and recovery). The server is not a Virtual Machine or a Container able to take a snapshot capturing the contents of the servers memory. You decide not to attempt prosecuting. You suspect that the attacker may be using some form of software (possibly sophisticated) and this software is still running on the server.

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• How to fix Windows 7 device removal notification loop

  - by Barry Kelly

  Bit of an odd one this. One of our PCs is getting caught in a loop some time after being turned on, usually after a USB storage device has been attached - sometimes an iPod, sometimes a GPS. Specifically, Windows Explorer starts showing a drive icon and letter (E:, as of right now) for the System partition (the small hidden one at the start of the boot drive). Then, the icon disappears. Then it reappears again. And disappears. It does this very quickly, at what looks like maybe 50 times a second. CPU usage in this loop is also very high; averages about 66%. This machine has an i7 920 CPU, which is quad core with hyperthreading; so this usage rate works out to about 5 100% busy threads, along with whatever normal idle load is (particularly Task Manager itself). Inspecting with Process Explorer shows that the device removal notification infrastructure has gone berserk. The threads in system service processes (i.e. apart from Windows Explorer) which are using all the CPU power relate to device notification. The Disk Management MMC snap-in also fails to run when the loop starts. The only way to break the loop, it seems, is to reboot the machine. Anyone seen anything similar to this, and know of a way to fix it? Machine details: Windows 7 x64, fully patched i7 920, 12GB RAM Intel SSD 80GB (X25-M, I believe; not G2) 2TB 5.2K disk for bulk storage AMD HD 5870 Further hardware details await. I'm going to go through and update all drivers I can find.

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• Why does my ftp(e)s server fails like half of the time

  - by user1092608

  I have this discussion at work regarding our ftp server running via vsftpd. Initially, we have opted to serve ftpes instead of sftp because this seemed the most flexible and straightforward solution for our server to have secure file transmission. Afterwards, our ftp server seems to be a source of issues for our end users. Half of the time, users complain about not working ftp connections. I must say, i tested our FTP trough different infrastructures (=in the field, at random times at random places) and indeed, sometimes behind some configurations (=no idea how they are configured, because the 'field' testing), i recieve errors. Some of the are: Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing (filezilla) Furthermore, behind my basic home configuration, everything seems to be running fine. I (think I) did all the basic configuration checks (passive mode?, firewall for all ports?, ...) and can't seem to find the source. Being a bunch of techies at our small office, yet knowing nothing about infrastructure, some start suggesting that ftps protocol could be the source of issues. ("No, i only knew sftp so far" "Ftps is not widespread"). I, however, strongly doubt this hypothesis, since reading around on the www, asking questions on serverfault, everyone seems to deny this. So, as I would like to avoid reconfiguring, since this involves messing around in our SSH service, our virtual user setup and ftp service, i would need some advice on 1) what could be potentially the general cause? 2) do you have some general tips? 3) would you mind having a look at my configuration file? ----- General Settings ----- write_enable=YES dirmessage_enable=YES nopriv_user=ftpsecure ftpd_banner="Welcome to XXXX FTP!" hide_ids=YES hide_file=.* max_per_ip=10 max_clients=10 local_enable=YES local_umask=022 chroot_local_user=YES secure_chroot_dir=/usr/share/empty userlist_enable=NO userlist_deny=YES userlist_file=/etc/vsftp_deny_users guest_enable=YES guest_username=ftpvirtual virtual_use_local_privs=YES user_sub_token=$USER local_root=/srv/ftp/ftpvirtual/$USER anonymous_enable=NO syslog_enable=NO xferlog_enable=YES xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd_xfer.log connect_from_port_20=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd listen=YES listen_port=21 pasv_enable=YES pasv_min_port=30000 pasv_max_port=30030 pasv_address=foo ssl_enable=YES rsa_cert_file=/etc/vsftpd.pem rsa_private_key_file=/etc/vsftpd.pem force_local_data_ssl=YES force_local_logins_ssl=YES ssl_tlsv1=YES ssl_sslv2=YES ssl_sslv3=YES ssl_ciphers=HIGH anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO anon_root=/srv/ftp anon_upload_enable=NO idle_session_timeout=900 log_ftp_protocol=NO dsa_cert_file=/etc/vsftpd.pem Thanks

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• Replicated filesystem and EC2 MySQL

  - by El Yobo

  I'm currently investigating migrating our infrastructure over to run on Amazon's EC2 and am trying to figure out the best way to set up a MySQL service. I'm leaning towards running our own MySQL instances, rather than going with Amazon's RDS, but am still considering the best approach for performance and cost on the instance itself. In order to have persistent data, the MySQL data needs to be on an EBS volume (with some form of striped RAID, e.g. RAID0 or RAID10) to improve persistence. However, EBS IO is limited by the network interface (gigabit, so a theoretical maximum of 128 MB/s), while the ephemeral volumes have no such problem. I did see a suggestion for running two MySQL servers on an instance, with a master running on the ephemeral disk (which we would also RAID) and a slave storing changes to an EBS volume, but this has some additional overhead and complexity (two servers). What I was imagining is using some form of replicated file system such that I could have a filesystem on top of a RAID0 of ephemeral volumes to maximise performance all changes from the above immediately replicated to another RAID1 volume backed by multiple EBS volumes to ensure no data loss The advantages of this would be best possible IO performance for the DB server; no network delay in IO decreased IO on EBS volumes (as all read IO will be done on the ephemeral volumes) so decreased cost good data security, as it's backed onto redundant EBS volumes However, I haven't seen an appropriate system to replicate all changes from one volume to the other; is there a filesystem, or any other approach, which will do this? The distributed file systems, e.g. GlusterFS, DRBD etc seem to focus on replicating disks between servers, can they be set up to do what I'm interested in here? I also haven't seen anything about other's taking this approach. Do I have a solution in need of a problem here (i.e. is performance good enough, so this whole idea is redundant)? Is there some flaw in the plan?

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