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• Performance decrease in every game and application

  - by Márk Vincze

  When I start a game, initially it runs smoothly, but after a couple of minutes, the performance gradually decreases to the point of being unplayable (1-2 FPS). The sound also starts to lag at this point. This does not happen every time I start my PC, usually exiting the game, rebooting, then starting the game again solves the problem, and I can play with perfect FPS for as long as I want. I could not find any deterministic reason when this happens and when doesn't. It happens in every game I tried (SWTOR, Diablo 3, Skyrim), and not even games, but simple applications like a browser or the Control Panel can get unusably slow. This is a brand new PC I bought three months ago, and this problem occurs since the first day I've been using it. Could you provide any advice how to further diagnose the problem? I tried to reinstall Windows, and tried different video card drivers, but it did not help. It would be important to know whether this is a hardware or software problem, because I can use the warranty if it is a hardware issue. (I did not want to return the PC yet, because I can't reproduce the issue deterministically.) Spec of the pc: Motherboard: ASROCK H61M-HVS CPU: INTEL Core i3-2120 3.30GHz 1155 BOX Memory: KINGMAX 4096MB DDR3 1333MHz KIT Video card: GIGABYTE GV-R685OC-1GD HD6850 1GB GDDR5 PCIE HDD: SEAGATE 500GB Barracuda 7200rpm 16MB SATA3 ST500DM002 I am using Windows 7 64 bit. Thanks a lot in advance!

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• Is there a better way to do bonded vlan tagged interfaces with XEN

  - by AJ01

  We have a number of XEN servers all running CentOS or RHEL. The VM's that they run are all required to be on their own VLAN for no other reason than the customer expects them to be. Long story short however, I can't change this right now. We are also required to have bonding enabled on the interfaces. So to accommodat this we enslave eth1 and eth2 to bond0. We then create a seperate interface called bond0.VLANID where VLANID corresponds to the correct vlan; eg ifcfg-bond0.204 DEVICE=bond0.204 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes VLAN=yes BRIDGE=xenvlan204 Bridge to XEN As you will see, we eventually have to bridge this out to XEN, and we do this by adding another interface called xenvlan204 (in this instance) which contains; ifcfg-xenvlan204 DEVICE=xenvlan204 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes TYPE=bridge XEN Vm Config Finally in our XEN config for each VM, we add vif = [ "bridge=xenvlan204" ] This then allows the vm host to access that particular vlan The Problem We've noticed a few problems with this setup. One being that we currently create the interfaces manually. Which means if we add more vlan enabled interfaces and bridges we usually have to restart xend which is something I'm not so hot about. Also lower level staff have their heads melted by the number of interfaces and the risk of a mistake occurring is high. Secondly, it can take sometime for a host to come up if it has a number of vlan taged interfaces. Thirdly, its just not scaling well on the management aspects The Question Is there a better more flexible way to do this (in particular with Xen that ships with centos 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5 as we have to support all three) that leverages either scripting or other solutions to allow an arbitrary amount of interfaces to be created when a vm is instanced. Your advise and expertise is more that welcomed.

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• Getting Started in SuSE as an Ubuntu User

  - by Subhamoy Sengupta

  I am not a Linux newbie, but haven't touched SuSE in a very very long time (last time I tried it, it was SuSE 7!). Finally now I felt like giving it a try, and many things seem strange or unnecessarily complex. I have a series of questions. How do I ensure that my packages are uptodate? It sounds silly, but I tried the obvious methods already. I have disabled the default repositories that show up when you do zypper lr, and added Tumbleweed and packman repositories (Essentials, Multimedia, Extra). Then I did a sudo zypper ref --force and then sudo zypper dup, and it tells me many dependencies are not met. I have already added solder.allowVendorChange=true to /etc/zypp/zypp.conf, so it should not care which repository the latest versions are in, and just upgrade to it. Even when I chose to skip the packages with unmet dependencies, and seemed like quite a bit happened in the background, I opened Firefox afterwards and the version was 7! I am guessing things did not go as expected. But of course this is not a problem with SuSE, but I am not understanding the system right. How do I do it right? When I start typing arguments of a command, for example sudo zypper install, when I type sudo zypper ins and keep hitting TAB, nothing happens! It always worked in Ubuntu and I feel very uneasy with this. Is this how SuSE is supposed to be? When I try to install something, and I start writing its name, even though the package exists and I am sure of it, hitting TAB does not autocomplete it. This is also quite inconvenient. Why is it not happening? There are many things in SuSE that are really great, and I think I will stay with it and not go back to Ubuntu once I settle these very rudimentary issues. But right now they are giving me a lot of grief! Please help!

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• Slow RDP after server joins domain

  - by Chris Grove

  We're having RDP issues with Amazon cloud servers that we recently joined to an Active Directory domain. The setup is: A local office network A virtual private cloud in Amazon An IPSec tunnel between the two networks A number of Windows 2008 R2 servers on both networks An AD domain (call it abc.net), with one domain controller in each network. The domain controllers are both new, fresh installs. Before we had the domain set up we had local accounts for the cloud computers which were used for RDP access. Our idea was to get all of the servers on to the domain so we could use domain logins instead of per-server local logins. Before the cloud servers were in the domain, RDP (from the office network or through a VPN to the cloud) worked great. After we joined the cloud servers to the domain, RDP from the office became very slow - a few minutes to log in, long frequent pauses when the interface is unresponsive, generally just a slow and frustrating experience. This is a problem regardless of whether a domain or local login is used for RDP. Oddly, when outside of the office network and connecting to the cloud directly with the VPN, RDP is still very responsive. Any idea why RDP from office to cloud is suddenly very slow after the cloud servers join the domain? What can I look at in our configuration to address this? Any help is greatly appreciated.

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• TLS_REQCERT and PHP with LDAPS

  - by John

  Problem: Secure LDAP queries via command-line and PHP to an AD domain controller with a self-signed certificate. Background: I am working on a project where I need to enable LDAP look-ups from a PHP web application to a MS AD domain controller that is using a self-signed certificate. This self-signed certificate is also using a domain name that is not a FQDN - think of something like people.campus as the domain name. The web application would take the user's credentials and pass them on to the AD domain controller to verify if the credntials are a match or not. This seems simple, but I am having problems trying to get PHP and the self-signed certificate to work. Some people have suggested that I changed the TLS_REQCERT variable from "request" to "never" within the OpenLDAP configuration. I am concerned that this might have larger implications such as a man-in-the-middle attack and I am not comfortable changing this setting to never. I have also read some places online where one can take a certificate and place it as a trusted source within the openldap configuration file. I am curious if that is something that I could do for the situation that I have? Can I, from the command line, obtain the self-signed certificate that the AD domain controller is using, save it to a file, and then have openldap use that file for the trust that it needs so that I do not need to adjust the variable from request to never? I do not have access to the AD domain controller and as a result cannot export the certificate. If there is a way to obtain the certificate from the command line, what commands do I need to use? Is there an alternate method of handling this issue that would be better in the long run? I have some CentOS servers and some Ubuntu servers that I am working with to try and get this going on. Thanks in advance for your help and ideas.

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• Advice on Computer Specs for overall development/general use machine

  - by Ender

  At the moment I am restricted to a laptop with 512MB of RAM, a 120GB HDD and a 1.5GHz Intel processor for all my development and general browsing needs, and as you can probably tell using it for anything modern is a painful experience. As a result I've decided to buy myself a new desktop computer, one that will stand the test of time and one that can be upgraded easily. Rather than build the machine myself I've decided to go through Dell as I've had good experiences with them when purchasing computers for my family. I've had my eye on this as it's got a good amount of RAM, has a decent-rated processor and isn't priced too badly. http://www1.euro.dell.com/uk/en/home/Desktops/inspiron-580/pd.aspx?refid=inspiron-580&s=dhs&cs=ukepp1&~oid=uk~en~20211~inspiron-580_d005827~~ Intel® Core™ i5 Processor 750 (2.66GHz, 8MB) Genuine Windows® 7 Home Premium 64bit - English Display Not Included ATI Radeon™ HD 5450 1GB DDR3 graphics 6144MB Dual Channel DDR3 [3x2048] Memory 1TB (7200rpm) SATA Hard Drive DVD +/- RW Drive (read/write CD & DVD) with DVD Burn software 1 year of coverage included with your PC McAfee® Security Centre - 15 Month Protection - English After the pain of using a slow laptop for all this time the main thing I want is speed. I may look to play a couple of basic games on it, nothing too powerful. Obviously I'll be doing some development on it too so it'll have to be able to handle the latest IDE's and Database tools like SQL Server pretty quickly. Finally, should I ever need to improve it I'd like to be able to add more RAM and change some of the parts. I wouldn't have thought this would be a problem but a few people I've spoken to have said that the amount of RAM the motherboard can handle isn't that great. Is this true? How long can I expect to be using this computer before it's too slow? Thanks in advance for the help.

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• How to get data from a borked Windows Home Server

  - by harhoo

  Yesterday we had a power surge, followed by a power outage. This left my WHS borked: powering on just gives to a flashing blue light (the led on the power supply also flashes green) - no fan or boot activity, nothing. I urgently needed some files off there in the short term (and the 500GB of photos, music, personal video etc in the long term) so I took the hard drive out and put it in my computer. The files and folders showed up, but I couldn't access them - clicking on an image gave an invalid image error in Picasa, I couldn't play MP3s etc. I changed the ownership and permissions of the files, still nothing. I booted in with a LiveCD, the same: files appear, but won't open. Is there anything else I can do? I'm now wondering if it was just the power cable that's broken, but if so, why can;t I access my files from the hard drive? If it is the power cable, and I replace that and the hard drive, will I have done any harm messing around with ownership and file permissions?

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• Intermittent Trouble Entering Hibernate on WinXP

  - by kquinn

  My personal desktop, running 32-bit Windows XP SP2 (with 4GB RAM, 2.75GB addressable, swap disabled, hiberfil.sys existing and contiguous on C:\; SP3 is not installed because SP2 has been working fine and I do not want to re-qualify with SP3 just for sheer perversity) typically gets hibernated at night. For a long time this worked great, but recently the machine has had trouble entering hibernation. Sometimes when I press my power button (configured to hibernate), the box will start the procedure for hibernating (i.e., go to the blue "Windows XP" background logo and display a message about entering hibernation), but before displaying the usual blue-on-black hibernation progress bar it will drop back to the desktop. No error messages appear, on screen or in the system log. The only record of unsuccessful hibernation attempts in the system log, which proudly proclaims that "The Windows Image Acquisition (WIA) service entered the running state." once per failed hibernation attempt. The problem is almost certainly resource related: if I then close one or more applications which are running, and repeat the exact same process, the machine will hibernate perfectly. There does not appear to be a reliable high-water mark for virtual or physical memory use, below which the machine is guaranteed to hibernate; it's different every time (though typically, below about 1.1–1.4 GB memory usage seems to be where hibernate succeeds most often). Memory may not even be the relevant resource; as far as I know, it could also be handles or sockets. This behavior is relatively recent: it has only started in the last few months; before then, I could hibernate reliably no matter what the current resource use of the system. This machine claims to have hotfix Q909095 installed, but since the symptoms of my problem match KB909095 rather well, I'm suspicious if this fix is actually working as intended. Any ideas on how to fix this or where to start debugging?

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• Measure Upload Speed between a client and our server

  - by tresstylez

  We host a SAAS application specially customized for multiple clients. For one customer in particular -- they are reporting sporadic performance issues from various locations on their network, in particular UPLOADING documents through a form on our website. The client claims they have "bandwidth to spare" and that utilization of their "pipe" is so low that it MUST be our application, but our application has MANY clients and all features are working fine for all other clients. Interestingly enough -- DOWNLOADS (ie. just accessing the website, or downloading documents) is working fine. Speed test shows that they should get 1.2Mbps UP. So, a 3MB file should take 20 secs to upload. It takes 60+ seconds on their network. Sometimes even small files take OVER 10 minutes to upload or they timeout. Pings and Traceroutes don't show any abnormally long hops or response times. They claim other SAAS applications they use allow them to upload just fine. Both IT teams are working together to resolve this issue. What kind of data can I request from the clients to begin ruling things out. Seems like we need to somehow measure LATENCY of the networks involved or even at the switch level, we need to understand if packets are getting dropped somewhere and why. Where should I start? Any help is appreciated. I'll provide more info upon requests

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• How to encourage Windows administrators to pick up scripting

  - by icelava

  When i worked as an administrator in my first job, I was frustrated our administration processes with Windows servers were a series of point-and-clicks; we could never match the level of efficiency with the Unix servers which had a group of shell scripts to automate a lot of the work. I soon read about WSH and ADSI and wasted no time learning just how much automation I was able to achieve with scripting. There was a huge problem though - almost none of my Windows colleagues were really interested in learning scripting. They seemed happy with the manually mouse-clicking chores and were never excited at the prospect of using scripts to do the work on their behalf. I struggled to convince them to pick up scripting skills despite the evident increases in efficiency. I left that job in pursuit of a full-time software development career thereafter. Almost a decade on working in various environments and different customers, I still encounter Windows administrators mainly possessing this general "mood" where they would avoid scripting as much as possible. Despite the increasing level of accessibility Windows server technologies are opening up for scripting and automation. I am almost certain the majority of administrators are administrators precisely because they absolutely hate performing any kind of programming duties. What are some means to encourage and motivate administrators that scripting can really help them in the long run?

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• Mac OS X in Virtualbox says "You need to restart your computer"

  - by humoeba

  I've been trying to figure out for the past week how to get Snow Leopard reliably running in a VM. Right now I am using VirtualBox, and it runs fine for a while, but every once in a while (happened 3 times in the last few hours) I get the "You need to restart your computer" message. Unfortunately, it hasn't even lasted long enough to finish installing the operating system yet. I first tried VMWare, which was a pain to set up. I got it running ok, operating system installed, with the guest tools. Every once in a while though, it just stops running. I click inside the VM, and there's no mouse. It doesn't respond to keyboard input either. I have to reset the VM to get a response. I'm wondering if this is the same error. This happens with both Workstation and Player. Here is the tutorial I used for VirtualBox: http://www.sysprobs.com/iboot-loader-virtualbox-install-snow-leopard Here's the tutorial I used for VMWare: http://bobhood.wordpress.com/2009/12/18/welcome-to-snow-leopard-mac-os-x-10-6-and-vmware-workstation-7/ I'm using an iso for Mac OS X 10.6.3. I have an HP Pavilion dm4 with an Intel Core i7 M640 running Windows 7; VT is turned on. Using VirtualBox 4.0.4 and VMWare Workstation 7.0.1 and VMWare Player 3.0.1 Does anyone know what might be causing this error or how I can fix it? Thanks.

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• How can I automatically synchronize a directory tree on multiple machines?

  - by Blacklight Shining

  I have two Mac laptops and a Debian server, each with a directory that I would like to keep in sync between the three. The solution should meet the following criteria (in rough order of importance): It must not use any third-party service (e.g. Dropbox, SugarSync, Google whatever). This does not include installing additional software (as long as it's free). It must not require me to use specific directories or change my way of storing things. (Dropbox does this IIRC) It must work in all directions (changes made on /any/ machine should be pushed to the others) All data sent must be encrypted (I have ssh keypairs set up already) It must work even when not all machines are available (changes should be pushed to a machine when it comes back online) It must work even when the /directories/ on some machines are not available (they may be stored on disk images which will not always be mounted) This can be solved for Macs by using launchd to automatically launch and kill (or in some way change the behavior of) whatever daemon is used for syncing when the images are mounted and unmounted. It must be immediate (using an event-based system, not a periodic one like cron) It must be flexible (if more machines are added, I should be able to incorporate them easily) I also have some preferences that I would like to be fulfilled, but do not have to be: It should notify me somehow if there are conflicts or other errors. It should recognize symbolic and hard links and create corresponding ones. It should allow me to create a list of exceptions (subdirectories which will not be synced at all). It should not require me to set up port forwarding or otherwise reconfigure a network. This can be solved by using an ssh tunnel with reverse port forwarding. If you have a solution that meets some, but not all of the criteria, please contribute it in the comments as it might be useful in some way, and it might be possible to meet some of the criteria separately. What I tried, and why it didn't work: rsync and lsyncd do not support bidirectional synchronization csync2 is designed for server clusters and does not appear to work with machines with dynamic IPs DRBD (suggested by amotzg) involves installing a kernel module and does not appear to work on systems running OS X

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• Hard Drive that was used before not detected or accessible in Windows 7

  - by Anders

  Hello SU: My PC crashed for some unknown reason, and I am still working on what caused that. However, I pulled my main (windows) drive from my computer and hooked it up to my roommate's machine and was able to pull the data I needed off of it (i.e. the drive is good). I hook up his drives as they were, I had to turn off his machine and unplug his secondary drive to hook mine up, boot his machine and there is no second drive available in windows explorer. I opened Device Manager to see if for some reason it's drive letter got un-assigned, but there is nothing listed in there except his primary hard drive, his optical drive and one other optical drive which I believe is the virtual drive Daemon Tools made. The drive shows up in the BIOS, however after I restarted his machine again it sits on the "Entering setup....." screen at the load window. The only thing I can think of is that may have messed with stuff is I used this tutorial to create a bootable XP install on a USB drive to install XP on my machine (I am 99% certain that the optical drive in my PC is broken) and maybe it used the other hard drive's letter for the USB drive for some reason, which doesn't make much sense since it was recognized it as a different drive letter before I started the process. It is possible that it used the secondary hard drive's letter for it's work, but once again I am uncertain. Where should I go from here? He his bound to wake up within the next several hours and will probably flip a lid if I cannot get some sort of handle on this. Any and all help is greatly appreciated. PS: Anyone who helps me get this situated has a beer or two on me, as long as you are in the greater metro Detroit area, or don't mind traveling a bit!

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• Mac dev folder missing, SSH not working

  - by SamGoody

  A few days ago, SSH stopped working. When I try logging in a get the following message: PTY allocation request failed on channel 0 stdin: is not a tty fatal: unrecognized command '' Connection to 74.52.61.194 closed. Web searches have shown me that there might be something wrong with /dev/std. But my computer lacks a /dev/ drive. There is an Alias to /dev/ [hidden, but I've revealed hidden files to do this search], but when I try to open it I am told that it cannot find the folder it is aliasing. Now, many a web search tells me that without a dev folder, the computer doesn't work, but it does seem to work, except the SSH. Also, are there any tools that can save my SSH preferences so that I don't have to, each time, type out the username@adrees, password, path all of which are long and complex? Not looking for a Filezilla type client, there are many of those. Looking for a command line like putty, that lets me use bash on the remote client. Am on Macbook Pro, latest version of Tiger.

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• How best to manage my growing data in Excel?

  - by Mike

  This isn't a question about formulas or features in Excel. I'm debating the correct/best way to manage the growing amount of data 'I have to' manage in Excel (I produce PIVOT tables/reports for my management). DATA: I record the number of publications we order: cost, date ordered, start and end of subscription, who requested it, when they ordered it, when I ordered it, will it be cancelled next year, etc, etc, etc. DILEMMA: Obviously we re-order a lot of the same publications, so depending on how I manage the data I could be duplicating all over the place. OPTION 1: So, do I use ROWs = publication name in Row 1 and all the related columns for each financial year are copied and pasted after each financial year ready for the new FY information? This will lead to me going to column ZZ. OPTION 2: Or, do I use COLUMNs = each row has only one FY information for each publication and if we re-order or cancel a publication I re-type the publication name in a row below and fill in appropriate columns? This will lead to a long list of publications down to row 10000, and potential for misspelling of repeat ordered publication names. IDEAS: What's the best way - thinking in terms of pivot table best practice, being able to sum or count easy, report formatting, etc. Any best practices much appreciated.

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• 3000 videos songs... some are loud in voice & some low.. I want to make them equal (equal in volume only)

  - by Mister.9

  I have thousands Video flv/avi files, which are all songs only. Some of them are high in volume and some are low. Every time the song ends I have to up or down the volume at once..to escape my ears ruined by headphones... and by woofers, save my life from my neighbor sleeping after hard-earning all the day long. :-( Any idea to make all files sound equal? Does such kind of application/software exist? Any converter that may convert all audio files into same volume? I know iTunes has sound-check option but can it convert? If I want to write CDs, does any burner have the feature like this, to burn in equal sound? If yes, suggest something for me... For, I am really really worried... It would be a great help..... Hoping your kind reply, Thanks in advance! (I am I am John.martin188@yahoo for having mails also in this regard)

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• Vim clobbering scrollback buffer outside of screen

  - by dotancohen

  If I'm not in a screen session, then when exiting Vim I get a bash prompt below the remnants of the VIM window. A side effect of this is that my scrollback buffer is clobbered, especially if I have paged through a long file in VIM. The problem only occurs if I'm not in screen, inside a screen window VIM exits to show the bash prompt and the previous lines just as before. I tried adding sett_ti=t_te= to my .vimrc to fix the problem, but the only effect that it has was to break VIM such that the problem occurs inside screen as well as outside. Thus, I removed the line. For good measure I do have altscreen on in .screenrc. This is on Ubuntu Server 12.04.1 LTS, with Bash 4.2.24, Screen 4.00, and VIM 7.3 (not vim-tiny), accessed over SSH in Cygwin version NT-6.1-WOW64 on a Windows 7 laptop. Thanks. EDIT: Note that in the same Cygwin install I can SSH into a different server (CentOS) and there VIM does not clobber the scrollback buffer. Therefore, I do not suspect a Cygwin issue. The CentOS machine does not have screen installed, and I did not have to add set t_ti= t_te= to .vimrc.

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• Suspending/Screen Going Off When Still In Use (Ubuntu & Arch)

  - by luke

  I have a laptop (HP Pavilion G6) that was running Ubuntu and for a while now (at least 6 months) has been having a problems randomly suspending whilst still in use with a full battery and still being charged. Originally the problem was with Ubuntu so I first attempted to disable suspend using every way I could find (gui settings + dconf editor) this didn't work and it still kept suspending so I ended up switching to Arch Linux. Unfortunately not long after switching to Arch Linux I ended up experiencing the same problems. So yet again I modified the settings in /etc/systemd/logind.conf to prevent it from suspending and this time it worked, kind of. Now I am experiencing the screen going off and I have to change to a different tty (by using ctrl-alt-fx, which was something I also found I had to do sometimes when waking up from suspend in Ubuntu) to get the screen to go back on. The strange thing is this only happens when running a Linux distros and only occasionally (e.g. it may happen once/twice a week at most). But when it does happen it can happen multiple times in a row. And it only seems to happen when I am using it. This may just mean that it hasn't happened yet when I am not but generally if I leave it to run something or play a video it hasn't occurred only when I am using it regardless of which program I am using (e.g. it has occurred when using firefox, vim, even when using a virtualbox vm). At first I thought it could be the CPU temperature but after monitoring it I discovered it occurred a lot of the time when my CPU was less than 50 °C. I then checked /var/log/* but could not see anything related to it suspending only a few standard things from when it was woken up. I am really out of ideas and really hoping someone can help. Thanks in advance.

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• ssh initial prompt hangs for 10 minutes but console login and initial prompt is very responsive - why?

  - by rfreytag

  I have been running an ESXi 4.0 server for months with a couple of WinServer2003 and several Ubuntu Server 10.4 VMs. The performance has been impressive on 6GB i7 Asus P6T hardware. Suddenly, a week ago, ssh logins to the Ubuntu VMs take 10 minutes when connecting over the LAN (over a WAN the connection (pipe) is broken long before that). When logging in to these VMs the password prompt arrives immediately, and failed passwords are responded to immediately. But the moment I log in then the shell prompt appears and I hang for many minutes. Sometimes the connection hangs before the shell prompt appears and sometimes I can type in a command but the moment I hit return the machine hangs. 10 full minute later control returns and the VM is responsive. NOTE: there are several Ubuntu VMs on the same host machine that are identical in all ways that I can tell. However, only one of the VMs displays this behavior. That is why I mention the ESXi host in passing - I don't think it has anything to do with the problem. This behavior is never seen when I connect with the troubled-VM's console (through vSphere Client). From the console the Ubuntu VMs all respond beautifully. I have seen: http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?cmd=displayKC&docType=kc&externalId=1003496&sliceId=1&docTypeID=DT_KB_1_1&dialogID=229586372&stateId=1%200%20229588522 ...and since that relates to delays in seeing the password prompt that does not appear to be the solution here. Any other suggestions very welcome - thank you.

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• How to make an x.509 certificate from a PEM one?

  - by Ken

  I'm trying to test a script, locally, which involves uploading a file using a Java-based program to a FileZilla FTPES server. For the real thing, there is a real certificate on the FZ server, and the upload step (tested alone) seems to work fine. I've installed FileZilla Server on my dev box (so it'll test uploading from localhost to localhost). I don't have a real certificate for it, of course, so I used the "Generate new certificate..." button in FZ. It works fine from an interactive FTPES program (as long as I OK the unknown cert), but from my Java program it throws a javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException ("unable to find valid certification path to requested target"). So how do I tell Java that this certificate is OK with me? (I know there's a way to change the Java program to accept any certificate, but I don't want to go down that route. I want to test it just as it will happen in production, and I don't want to ignore unknown certificates in production.) I found that Java has a program called "keytool" that seems to be for managing this sort of thing, but it complains that the certificate file that FZ generated is not an "x.509" file. A posting from the FZ side said it was "PEM encoded". I have "openssl" here, which looks like it's perfect for converting between certificate formats, but I think my understanding of certificate formats is wrong because I'm not seeing anything obvious. My knowledge of security certificates is a bit shaky, so if my title is stupidly wrong, please help by fixing that. :-)

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• ssh works fine when using public interface, but slow when using private interface

  - by Kevin M

  My Linux(UbuntuEEE) to Linux(CentOS) ssh takes a long time to log in(~15 seconds) when using the private interface, but not when using the public one. I have a Linux box acting as my router. As such, it has multiple interfaces(75.xxx.xxx.xxx, 192.168.1.1). I can ssh in from the internal interface(192.168.1.65 to .1), but it will take a while. I can ssh into the public address, and it goes quickly(~1 second). I have another box that I can ssh into the inside interface from and it goes quickly. iptables is set to accept packets coming into the interface immediately. sshd's UseDNS is normally on; I get the same problem if I turn it off and restart sshd. I normally use public-key authentication; I have done a mv ~/.ssh/ ~/ssh/ and it will ask me for a password after going slowly. After logging in(using either interface), speed is quick. ssh client version(via ssh -v):OpenSSH_4.7p1 Debian-8ubuntu1.2, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 ssh server version(via rpm -qv openssh_server):openssh-server-4.3p2-29.el5

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• Connections to SSH and Samba suffer from heavy delay

  - by Till Helge Helwig

  There are a lot of questions about SSH connections being delayed, which usually can be fixed by disabling the DNS lookups. Unfortunately this doesn't seem to be my problem. Our development server is accessed via SSH and Samba. When opening a connection to the server (either SSH or Samba) it takes a very long time. Accessing a Samba share via Windows is basically impossible because there is a timeout. Using smbclient works, but takes ages. When opening a SSH connection I get immediately prompted for the password and after hitting Enter the terminal instantly shows the MOTD. Afterwards it takes about a minute for the prompt to appear. I watched the load of the server while connecting via SSH and Samba and could not find anything out of order. There is nothing out of the ordinary running and hogging up memory and CPU or something. I have no clue where this delay might come from. I already tried UseDNS no in sshd_config and proxy_dns = no in smb.conf, but to no avail. Any idea about what might cause this would be greatly appreciated!

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• Generic/Text Printer on Windows 7 not prompting for file name

  - by Trevor Tippins

  Hope someone can shed some light on this. I am downloading reports from an AIX-based system by directing them to a TT printer which the terminal emulator (MultiView 2000) intercepts and directs to the default printer on the local system. This local printer is configured as a vanilla Generic/Text printer attached to a FILE port. When I print from AIX, the output is spooled down and the local printer prompts for a file name into which to save the file...but not under Windows 7. This has worked fine for many years, on both Win2K and WinXP. However, on Windows 7 the output gets spooled as a file into spool\PRINTERS (and looks as expected) but the print job then hangs with a status of "Error - Printing" and never prompts for a file name. I have to cancel the job. The Generic/Text printer works as expected with other applications. I have tried setting the printer to print directly rather than spooling but this only serves to hang the terminal session too. I've also tried to run the emulator in Windows 2000 Compatibility Mode and as Administrator in case it was something like that but with no luck. As you might expect, it does work fine in XP Mode (as long as I print to a printer defined therein and not the host's printer) but operationally this isn't going to be an option. Obviously this emulation software is a decade old (at least) and I could just cross/upgrade all the users (at a cost) but, before I do so, has anyone seen this sort of behaviour before and found some sort of fix? Remote OS: AIX 5 Client OS: Windows 7 Pro (32-bit) Printer: Generic/Text on a FILE port TE Software: MultiView 2000 (32-bit) Thanks in advance.

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• How do I restore tab-completion on shell variables on the bash command-line?

  - by Eric

  I've long set my most-recently visited directories to shell variables d1, d2, etc. On an ancient Fedora machine I could type a command like $ cp $d1/ and the shell would replace $d1 with text like /home/acctname/projects/blog/ and would then show me the contents of .../blog, like any tab-completion. Now, both ubuntu wheezy/sid and fedora 16 just -escape the '$', and naturally there are no completions to show. You can see this behavior in action in an OSX Terminal window. On 10.8, do something like ls $HOME/ to see what I mean. Is there a bash shell variable or option that can restore the old behavior? man bash suggests this is a bug: complete (TAB) Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the text begins with $), username (if the text begins with ~), hostname (if the text begins with @), or command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted. I get the above described completion when a token starts with '~' or a letter. It's just '$'-completion that's broken.

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• Enterprise class storage best practices

  - by churnd

  One thing that has always perplexed me is storage best practices. Filesystems brag about how they can be petabytes or exabytes in size. Yet, I do not know many sysadmins who are willing to let a single volume grow over several terrabytes. I do know the primary reason behind this is how long it would take to rebuild the array should a drive fail. The more drives in a single LUN, the longer this takes and the greater your risk of losing another drive while the rebuild is taking place. Then there's usage reasons. Admins will carve out a LUN based on how much space they think needs to be allocated to the project. It seems more practical to me for the LUN to be one large array and to use quotas. I understand this wouldn't satisfy every requirement (iSCSI), but I see a lot of NAS systems (NFS) managed this way. I also understand that the underlying volumes can be grown/shrunk as needed quite easily, but wouldn't it be less "risky" to use quotas rather than manipulating volumes and bringing possible data loss into the equation? There may be some other reasons I'm missing, so please enlighten me. Can we not expect filesystems to ever be so large? Are we waiting for the hardware to get faster to cut down on rebuild times?

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