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  • Issue with SSH on Ubuntu - Local connection ok, remote connection - Is it me or my ISP?

    - by Benjamin
    I have an issue with a server running Ubuntu 12.04, I am trying to set up a remote connection so I can access the server at my work from out of town. I have installed the SSH server and all that stuff, and I have reassigned the default port from 22 to 3399. A local connection from any OS can connect on the 192.168... address, but in no way can I get a connection on the actual IP address. I believe my configuration is correct, and I will attach it. If I have done something wrong in the config, please tell me and I will make a change to it. I honestly think that the Router that my ISP provided is horrible, and although the port for ssh is forwarded, it might be stopping any traffic coming inbound. Is there anything I can try to verify this? /var/log/auth does not show any error when I connect VIA our static IP. I have included all values not commented out below: (sshd_config) Port 3399 ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key UsePrivilegeSeparation yes KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel INFO LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin yes StrictModes yes UseDNS no RSAAuthentication yes IgnoreRhosts yes RhostsRSAAuthentication no HostbasedAuthentication no PermitEmptyPasswords no ChallengeResponseAuthentication no PasswordAuthentication yes GSSAPIAuthentication no X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes AcceptEnv LANG LC_* Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server UsePAM yes Am I doing this wrong? port forwarding image

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  • IP Masquerade and forwarding

    - by poelinca
    Hi all , i got a dedicated server running ubuntu server 10.10 with 3 ip adresses on the same eth card ( example: eth0 192.168.0.1 , eth0:0 188.78.45.0 , eth0:1 ... ) with a 3 virtual machines running ( virtualization technologi used is lxc but i don't think this matters too much ) . Now i need to redirect all ports opened ( using ufw to close/open ports ) from the ip 188.78.54.0 ( eth0:0 ) to a virtual machine ip ( let's say for example 192.168.2.3 ) , all requests made by a virtual machine should be redirected back to the virtual machine that made the request ( in this example 192.168.2.3 ) . Lets say the second vm has the ip 192.168.2.4 now i need to redirect all opened ports to from eth0:1 to this ip and viceversa . And so on and so on , what are the iptables/ufw rules to get this done ? and where to save them ( witch config file ) so they stay the same after reboot . In a few words redirect all requests comming from/to eth0:0 to a certan ip , all requests comming from/to eth0:1 to another ip ... Remember i'm saying all ports opened becouse they might be dynamicly changed . p.s. please excuse my bad english

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  • Help with routing table

    - by user68752
    I have tried to find the answer to my question but not really found a clean and easy solution. I have a box (Ubuntu headless 10.04.1 server, with one Ethernet port) on LAN behind a router (running m0n0wall), that I have successfully installed a PPTP device (ppp0) on, this is working flawlessly (following this link) The thing is I want this box to route all it's internet traffic through the VPN tunnel (ppp0 device) but also being able to access the local LAN on 192.168.1.* subnet. I've succeeded a bit with this, but my problem right now is that I have port forwards (e.g. SSH) done in the m0n0wall pointing to this specific box which forces me to do "add routes" to all boxes that want to access this machine through this specific port. For instance a machine with ip xyz.xyz.xyz.xyz needs to have a static route setup in the routing table on the box to be able to access the box. This is the result of route -n xxx.xxx.137.2 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0 xxx.xxx.137.2 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 yyy.yyy.0.0 192.168.1.1 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 ppp0 Where xxx is the IPs provided from VPN server. yyy.yyy.0.0 is a net that i want to have access to the box, without this I can't access the box from outside the LAN (via port-forwards done in router software, m0n0wall) is there away round this ugly solution?

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  • Nginx redirect all request that does not match a file to a php file

    - by cyrbil
    I'm trying to get all request to: http://mydomain.com/downloads/* redirect to http://mydomain.com/downloads/index.php except if the requested file exist in /downloads/ ex: http://mydomain.com/downloads = /downloads/index.php http://mydomain.com/downloads/unknowfile = /downloads/index.php http://mydomain.com/downloads/existingfile = /downloads/existingfile My current problem is I have either the redirection to php working but static files not served or the opposite. Here is my current vhost conf: (which redirect fine but static files are send to php and fail) server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied server_name domain.com; root /data/www; index index.php index.html; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/www; } location ^~ /downloads { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; try_files $uri @downloads; } location @downloads { rewrite ^ /downloads/index.php; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server # location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } } Precision: static files are symlinks created by /downloads/index.php Thank you for your help.

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  • Access an external SSH server through a restrictive proxy [on hold]

    - by Cyrille
    I'm a software developer. I wish to access my computer at home through SSH. For example, I sometime need to access my personal projects source code to check how I handled specific problems. Unfortunately, I currently work under an over-restrictive and anti-productive proxy that waste a hell of a lot of everyone's time (We often have to visit websites from our smartphones or use a web proxy to check very legitimates websites for answers, and don't get me started on other "security" overkill features we have to cope with...). Well, back to the subject, I can access my home computer from my phone (SSH, port 22 and 80 both redirected by router on port 22). It works, but it's quite uncomfortable. From my office computer, this is what I tried so far: export http_proxy=http://user:pass@proxyip:8080 echo "user:pass" > ~/.corkscrew-auth echo "ProxyCommand corkscrew proxyip 8080 %h %p /home/me/.corkscrew-auth" > ~/.ssh/config ssh 82.23.34.56 -l me -p 80 Proxy could not open connnection to 82.23.34.56: Forbidden ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host (same without -p 80) Without corkscrew: ssh: connect to host 82.23.34.56 port 80: Connection timed out ssh: connect to host 82.23.34.56 port 22: Connection timed out Any other idea ?

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  • VGA Cable gave me an Electric Shock when connecting a Projector to a Laptop

    - by Felipe Luarte
    Yesterday I was trying to connect a Viewsonic Projector to my Samsung RC420 laptop... I followed this steps: I Plugged the Projector to a power source, in parallel I did the same thing with the laptop. Then I turned on the laptop, but not the Projector (this one turns a bright light when is connected to a power source). I put the VGA Cable to the Projector (this one being still turned down) and then when I was getting close to the VGA port of the Laptop... BAM! A big spark appear between the port and the cable! Immediately the whole electricity of my floor went off. A part of the port in my laptop kind of... melted down. It seems to be where the spark started. The same thing happened to the part of the cable involved. Now I'm using the laptop, and it seems that there is no problem in it, I haven't connect anything to the VGA port yet. And the projector is still working to, well... it turns on, and I haven't connect anything yet too. The projector was connected to the power source by a homemade electric extension.

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  • Connecting to a subdomain severs the connection to the domain itself. What's going on?

    - by TheAgent
    Hi all. We have a website on a third-party server (server leased and shared with other websites) and the server provides access to our SQL Server database through a subdomain in the form of mssql.DomainName.com. I was told to use SQL Management Studio Express to connect to this subdomain in order to manage the database. After a few tries and getting many "Timeout" messages, I finally manage to connect to the server; everything's fine. But now I can't connect to DomainName.com anymore. Trying to browse DomainName.com using Firefox, it tries to "lookup" DomainName.com address and fails, telling me "the server was not found". I have to disconnect Management Studio from the server and wait a couple of hour for DomainName.com to become available again, and after that, trying to reconnect to the SQL Server again repeats the scenario. While I can't browse DomainName.com directly, I can use a proxy to connect to it, meaning that the problem is somehow related to a DNS my computer tries to ask to translate the name to the corresponding IP. Anyone seen anything like this before? Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to start and stop a systemd unit with another?

    - by Andy Shinn
    I am using CoreOS to schedule systemd units with fleet. I have two units (firehose.service and firehose-announce.service. I am trying to get the firehose-announce.service to start and stop along with the firehose.service. Here is the unit file for firehose-announce.service: [Unit] Description=Firehose etcd announcer BindsTo=firehose@%i.service After=firehose@%i.service Requires=firehose@%i.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=/etc/environment TimeoutStartSec=30s ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c 'sleep 1' ExecStart=/bin/sh -c "port=$(docker inspect -f '{{range $i, $e := .NetworkSettings.Ports }}{{$p := index $e 0}}{{$p.HostPort}}{{end}}' firehose-%i); echo -n \"Adding socket $COREOS_PRIVATE_IPV4:$port/tcp to /firehose/upstream/firehose-%i\"; while netstat -lnt | grep :$port >/dev/null; do etcdctl set /firehose/upstream/firehose-%i $COREOS_PRIVATE_IPV4:$port --ttl 300 >/dev/null; sleep 200; done" RestartSec=30s Restart=on-failure [X-Fleet] X-ConditionMachineOf=firehose@%i.service I am trying to use BindsTo with the notion that start and stop of firehose.service will also start or stop firehose-announce.service. But this never happens correctly. If firehose.service is stopped, then firehose-announce.service goes to failed state. But when I start firehose.service, the firehose-announce.service doesn't start up. What am I doing wrong here?

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  • Make nginx config like apache2 virtualhosts

    - by user2104070
    I have web server with apache2 with many subdomains on it like, domain.com, abc.domain.com, def.domain.com etc. etc. Now I got a new nginx server and want to set it up like apache2, so to test I created configs (2 files in /etc/nginx/sites-available/ and link to them from sites-enabled/) as shown, domain.config: server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on; root /srv/www/; index index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name domain.com; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } } abc-domain config: server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; root /srv/www/tmp1/; index index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name abc.domain.com; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } } but when I access with domain.com I am getting index.html from /var/www/tmp1 only. Is there something I'm doing wrong in the nginx config?

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  • Slow loading Magento Commerce homepage

    - by Matt
    I have recently changed by website and it is really loading slowly :- dancemidisamples.com here is a report http://www.webpagetest.org/result/120906_78_ANK/ As far as I can tell the is a issue with this section of code <link rel="icon" href="http://www.dancemidisamples.com/skin/frontend/base/default /favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://www.dancemidisamples.com/skin/frontend/base/default/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var urlSkinsite='http://www.dancemidisamples.com/skin/frontend/em0040/default/'; //]]> </script> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var BLANK_URL = 'http://www.dancemidisamples.com/js/blank.html'; var BLANK_IMG = 'http://www.dancemidisamples.com/js/spacer.gif'; //]]> </script> <![endif]--> Does anyone have any ideas, people have told me it my DNS but it has a 49ms response rate according to http://www.webpagetest.org/result/120906_78_ANK/1/details/cached/ We are hosted with rackspace so I dont see how it could be the server. Its a dedicated server not cloud hosted

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  • Having an issue trying to get Gigabit speed across my network (Ubuntu Server)

    - by user94217
    I've just started looking into the network speeds at my office, the entire network is setup to be "Gigabit". This includes Gb switches, Gb Network cards and Cat 5e cabling. I'm not expecting the full speed, I just want more than ~90 Mb/s. I've been running some tests with iperf the linux tools and checking the hardware with ethtool. I have 3 servers and when doing my checks/test I discovered that the two backup servers can access each other at around 450 Mb/s but when using either one of them to connect and test the main server, I only get the 90Mb/s even though ethtool shows the networking card running at 1000/Full. The only difference between all the server/networking cards is the "Port" which ethtool shows. On the two backup servers the "Port" is shown as MII yet on the other it's shown as "Twisted Pair". When using ethtool -s to manually set the "Port" to MII on the main server, it looses all connectivity and does not show "Speed" or "Duplex". Anyway, Am i doing something wrong? Is there a specific reason my main server cannot use Gb when there appears to be no difference except the "Port"?

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  • Can not connect remotely to MySQL Server on Ubuntu 10.10

    - by BobFranz
    Ok I have searched google for two days trying to get this to work. Here are the steps I have taken so far: Clean install of Ubuntu 10.10 Install mysql 5.1 as well as admin Comment out the bind address in the config file Create a new database Create a new user that is username@% to allow remote connections Grant all access to this user to the new database EXCEPT the grant option Login on the server is ok using this new user and database on the localhost Login on the server is ok using this new user and database on the server internal network ip Login from a remote computer is ok using this new user and database using the internal network ip Login is not working when logging in with this username and database using the external ip address from the server or the remote computer. I have port forwarding enabled for this port and it is viewable from outside as confirmed by canyouseeme.org I have nmap'd using the following command on the internal ip and get the below result: nmap -PN -p 3306 192.168.1.73 Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-19 13:41 PST Nmap scan report for computername-System-Name (192.168.1.73) Host is up (0.00064s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE 3306/tcp open mysql Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.23 seconds I have nmap'd using the following command on the internal ip and get the below result(I have hidden ip for obvious reasons): nmap -PN -p 3306 xxx.xxx.xx.xxx Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-19 13:42 PST Nmap scan report for HOSTNAME (xxx.xxx.xx.xxx) Host is up (0.00056s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE 3306/tcp closed mysql Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.21 seconds I am completely stuck here and need some help. I have tried everything under the moon and still can not connect from a remote external ip address. Any help is greatly appreciated and I need to do anything to help find the problem let me know and I will post the results here.

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  • ATI Radeon 5670 Won't Show Resolutions over 1400x900

    - by Phil Sandler
    Just got my new Dell computer with Windows 7 and an ATI Radeon 5670. I attached it to my current monitor, which is a Samsung 24" (2443bwt). Windows 7 does not allow me to display in resolutions greater than 1400 x 900. The setup through a VGA cable into the VGA port of the card. The card also has a DVI port, but I need to use the VGA port because a KVM that supports VGA only. My old PC (which is Windows XP, GeForce 8600 video) can display in 1900 x 1200 on the same monitor (which is what I want) and even higher. It does this through a vga cable also connected to the KVM (through the DVI port but using an adapter). I have tried the same setup (DVI = VGA adapter) on the new PC and nothing changed. I have tried: Updating the drivers via Windows "Update Driver" (says they are current) Installing the updated version of the drivers from ATI (made no difference) Installing Powerstrip (all the options I would need for a custom resolution are greyed out) Installing the drivers/software from ATI caused the ATI Catalyst Control Center software to stop functioning, so I can no longer even start it. I have found some references to other people having this problem and instructions on cleaning the software off and reinstalling it (as uninstalling normally doesn't solve it). I will try this tonight. In any case, I didn't see any options in CCC that would allow me to override the settings for max resolution. However I didn't tinker with it too much before I tried updating the drivers, so I may have missed a setting. I contacted Samsung via online chat and they say it's a problem with the video card/driver (of course--what else would they say?). Any thoughts on what else I could try?

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  • A server which uses 2 IPs and is needed to give service (under NAT)

    - by user6004
    I have an internal server, which uses a certain service. This service listens on a port, and speaks on a different port. The problem with the service is that it can't listen and speak on the same IP address, so I have configured 2 IP addresses for that NIC, and so I "solved" the problem with the listening and speaking. I have a problem though... I need that server to be NATed, with a public IP address, and that server needs to be available from the outside (and as only one IP)... The question is, how do I solve the situation here? If I do a NAT for one IP address (the listening port), then he will be able to get requests from the outside, but won't be able to send out traffic (because the other IP won't have NAT). If I do NAT on both of the IPs, then when traffic comes in for the listening port, it won't necessarily arrive to the listening IP, but rather to the speaking one. I hope I made myself clear and that there is a sensible solution here that I am missing.

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  • Exchange 2007 issue internet receive connector

    - by user223779
    I have issue with yahoo.co.uk if I send a mail from within the yahoo webconsole the mail arrives in my inbox on the exchange server If I send mail from Iphone configure to send via mail box configure with yahoo setting mail is dropped. It is not the phone I can send perfectly fine to other exchange 2007 servers same service pack etc. if you look at the smtprec log below. this message sent from the phone you can see stops after 354 Start mail input; end with . ,<,EHLO nm26-vm7.bullet.mail.ir2.yahoo.com, ,,250-mail.marcocm.com Hello [212.82.97.49], ,,250-SIZE 10485760, ,,250-PIPELINING, ,,250-DSN, ,,250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES, ,,250-AUTH, ,,250-8BITMIME, ,,250-BINARYMIME, ,,250 CHUNKING, ,<,MAIL FROM:, ,*,08D13F3CADECA060;2014-06-04T11:26:50.898Z;1,receiving message ,,250 2.1.0 Sender OK, ,<,RCPT TO:, ,,250 2.1.5 Recipient OK, ,<,DATA, ,,354 Start mail input; end with ., ,+,, This is the message hitting the same server sent from yahoo webmail. ,"220 mail.marcocm.com Microsoft ESMTP MAIL Service ready at Wed, 4 Jun 2014 12:29:26 +0100", ,<,EHLO nm4-vm6.bullet.mail.ir2.yahoo.com, ,,250-mail.xxx.com Hello [212.82.96.104], ,,250-SIZE 10485760, ,,250-PIPELINING, ,,250-DSN, ,,250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES, ,,250-AUTH, ,,250-8BITMIME, ,,250-BINARYMIME, ,,250 CHUNKING, ,<,MAIL FROM:, ,*,08D13F3CADECA06B;2014-06-04T11:29:26.237Z;1,receiving message ,,250 2.1.0 Sender OK, ,<,RCPT TO:, ,,250 2.1.5 Recipient OK, ,<,DATA, ,,354 Start mail input; end with ., 2,,250 2.6.0 <[email protected].com Queued mail for delivery, <,QUIT, ,,221 2.0.0 Service closing transmission channel, ,-,,Local ,+,, Any Thoughts how to fix this issue much appreciated.

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  • Winodws server 2003 Setup

    - by Barracksbuilder
    I work at a university maintaining the computer science department server. I am looking for a more economical way to stream line the set up of student accounts. CS students are granted a Username and password an IIS virtual directory, FTP virtual directory, and a mysql database. Server is running windows server 2003R2 (Possibly migrating to 2008R2) The server is running a domain though no students physically log a terminal into it (No computers are part of my domain.) Creating the account is a manual process. I did right a PHP script to query the Universities AD and copy the information and write it to my AD. I then have to create basically the users home directory. I tried having AD do it but since the user never physically logs in it never creates the directory. Permissions on this folder are set to User - full, Instructors (group) - full, Users (group) - read, IUSER - read. Inside of the users folder their is a "Private" folder with permissions User - full, instructors (group) - full. Next step is IIS I create a virtual directory in the default web site pointed to the users home directory so they have a website. Same goes for FTP virtual directory in the default ftp configuration to allow the users to upload files to their website. Mysql I have to create a user and password then create a mysql scheme (database) full access for the user and full access to the instructors account to be able to access the students database. All of this is done manually and takes me a week to do. The closest description is maybe a shared hosting environment. Is there a better way to do this? Scripting wise, or better structure setup?

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  • Best way to patch (8) RJ45 ports from one room to another.

    - by zimmer62
    I have a 48 port patch panel in my basement, which I've wired almost all of them to various rooms around the house. Many are not actually being used at the moment, but pretty much all of them are wired to somewhere. As of recent, I've put in an HTPC in my media closet (different room), and I'm finding I need a lot more RJ45 plugs to this area. I have 4 drops here, and adding a switch will not solve my problems. I'm using the cabling for other things such as IR and Serial devices, not just Ethernet. What I'm hoping to do is add an 8 port panel in that media closet, and tie those into an 8 port panel on my rack next to the 48 port... What I don't want to do is pull 8 separate cables one by one from one area to the other unless someone has a technique that will allow me to do that quickly, and painlessly. Do they make cables with more conductors specifically for this purpose? Or patch panels that are designed for a special cable essentially just extending ports from one room to another?

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  • ERROR: Linux route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 4

    - by JohnMerlino
    A remote machine running fedora uses openvpn, and multiple developers were successfully able to connect to it via their client openvpn. However, I am running Ubuntu 12.04 and I am having trouble connecting to the server via vpn. I copied ca.crt, home.key, and home.crt from the server to my local machine to /etc/openvpn folder. My client.conf file looks like this: ############################################## # Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file # # for connecting to multi-client server. # # # # This configuration can be used by multiple # # clients, however each client should have # # its own cert and key files. # # # # On Windows, you might want to rename this # # file so it has a .ovpn extension # ############################################## # Specify that we are a client and that we # will be pulling certain config file directives # from the server. client # Use the same setting as you are using on # the server. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel # if you have more than one. On XP SP2, # you may need to disable the firewall # for the TAP adapter. ;dev-node MyTap # Are we connecting to a TCP or # UDP server? Use the same setting as # on the server. ;proto tcp proto udp # The hostname/IP and port of the server. # You can have multiple remote entries # to load balance between the servers. remote xx.xxx.xx.130 1194 ;remote my-server-2 1194 # Choose a random host from the remote # list for load-balancing. Otherwise # try hosts in the order specified. ;remote-random # Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the # host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful # on machines which are not permanently connected # to the internet such as laptops. resolv-retry infinite # Most clients don't need to bind to # a specific local port number. nobind # Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only) ;user nobody ;group nogroup # Try to preserve some state across restarts. persist-key persist-tun # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] # Wireless networks often produce a lot # of duplicate packets. Set this flag # to silence duplicate packet warnings. ;mute-replay-warnings # SSL/TLS parms. # See the server config file for more # description. It's best to use # a separate .crt/.key file pair # for each client. A single ca # file can be used for all clients. ca ca.crt cert home.crt key home.key # Verify server certificate by checking # that the certicate has the nsCertType # field set to "server". This is an # important precaution to protect against # a potential attack discussed here: # http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm # # To use this feature, you will need to generate # your server certificates with the nsCertType # field set to "server". The build-key-server # script in the easy-rsa folder will do this. ns-cert-type server # If a tls-auth key is used on the server # then every client must also have the key. ;tls-auth ta.key 1 # Select a cryptographic cipher. # If the cipher option is used on the server # then you must also specify it here. ;cipher x # Enable compression on the VPN link. # Don't enable this unless it is also # enabled in the server config file. comp-lzo # Set log file verbosity. verb 3 # Silence repeating messages ;mute 20 But when I start server and look in /var/log/syslog, I notice the following error: May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: /sbin/route add -net 10.27.12.1 netmask 255.255.255.252 gw 10.27.12.37 May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: ERROR: Linux route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 4 May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: /sbin/route add -net 172.27.12.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.27.12.37 May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: /sbin/route add -net 10.27.12.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 10.27.12.37 And I am unable to connect to the server via openvpn: $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host xxx.xx.xx.130 port 22: No route to host What may I be doing wrong?

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  • JDK bug migration: components and subcomponents

    - by darcy
    One subtask of the JDK migration from the legacy bug tracking system to JIRA was reclassifying bugs from a three-level taxonomy in the legacy system, (product, category, subcategory), to a fundamentally two-level scheme in our customized JIRA instance, (component, subcomponent). In the JDK JIRA system, there is technically a third project-level classification, but by design a large majority of JDK-related bugs were migrated into a single "JDK" project. In the end, over 450 legacy subcategories were simplified into about 120 subcomponents in JIRA. The 120 subcomponents are distributed among 17 components. A rule of thumb used was that a subcategory had to have at least 50 bugs in it for it to be retained. Below is a listing the component / subcomponent classification of the JDK JIRA project along with some notes and guidance on which OpenJDK email addresses cover different areas. Eventually, a separate incidents project to host new issues filed at bugs.sun.com will use a slightly simplified version of this scheme. The preponderance of bugs and subcomponents for the JDK are in library-related areas, with components named foo-libs and subcomponents primarily named after packages. While there was an overall condensation of subcomponents in the migration, in some cases long-standing informal divisions in core libraries based on naming conventions in the description were promoted to formal subcomponents. For example, hundreds of bugs in the java.util subcomponent whose descriptions started with "(coll)" were moved into java.util:collections. Likewise, java.lang bugs starting with "(reflect)" and "(proxy)" were moved into java.lang:reflect. client-libs (Predominantly discussed on 2d-dev and awt-dev and swing-dev.) 2d demo java.awt java.awt:i18n java.beans (See beans-dev.) javax.accessibility javax.imageio javax.sound (See sound-dev.) javax.swing core-libs (See core-libs-dev.) java.io java.io:serialization java.lang java.lang.invoke java.lang:class_loading java.lang:reflect java.math java.net java.nio (Discussed on nio-dev.) java.nio.charsets java.rmi java.sql java.sql:bridge java.text java.util java.util.concurrent java.util.jar java.util.logging java.util.regex java.util:collections java.util:i18n javax.annotation.processing javax.lang.model javax.naming (JNDI) javax.script javax.script:javascript javax.sql org.openjdk.jigsaw (See jigsaw-dev.) security-libs (See security-dev.) java.security javax.crypto (JCE: includes SunJCE/MSCAPI/UCRYPTO/ECC) javax.crypto:pkcs11 (JCE: PKCS11 only) javax.net.ssl (JSSE, includes javax.security.cert) javax.security javax.smartcardio javax.xml.crypto org.ietf.jgss org.ietf.jgss:krb5 other-libs corba corba:idl corba:orb corba:rmi-iiop javadb other (When no other subcomponent is more appropriate; use judiciously.) Most of the subcomponents in the xml component are related to jaxp. xml jax-ws jaxb javax.xml.parsers (JAXP) javax.xml.stream (JAXP) javax.xml.transform (JAXP) javax.xml.validation (JAXP) javax.xml.xpath (JAXP) jaxp (JAXP) org.w3c.dom (JAXP) org.xml.sax (JAXP) For OpenJDK, most JVM-related bugs are connected to the HotSpot Java virtual machine. hotspot (See hotspot-dev.) build compiler (See hotspot-compiler-dev.) gc (garbage collection, see hotspot-gc-dev.) jfr (Java Flight Recorder) jni (Java Native Interface) jvmti (JVM Tool Interface) mvm (Multi-Tasking Virtual Machine) runtime (See hotspot-runtime-dev.) svc (Servicability) test core-svc (See serviceability-dev.) debugger java.lang.instrument java.lang.management javax.management tools The full JDK bug database contains entries related to legacy virtual machines that predate HotSpot as well as retired APIs. vm-legacy jit (Sun Exact VM) jit_symantec (Symantec VM, before Exact VM) jvmdi (JVM Debug Interface ) jvmpi (JVM Profiler Interface ) runtime (Exact VM Runtime) Notable command line tools in the $JDK/bin directory have corresponding subcomponents. tools appletviewer apt (See compiler-dev.) hprof jar javac (See compiler-dev.) javadoc(tool) (See compiler-dev.) javah (See compiler-dev.) javap (See compiler-dev.) jconsole launcher updaters (Timezone updaters, etc.) visualvm Some aspects of JDK infrastructure directly affect JDK Hg repositories, but other do not. infrastructure build (See build-dev and build-infra-dev.) licensing (Covers updates to the third party readme, licenses, and similar files.) release_eng (Release engineering) staging (Staging of web pages related to JDK releases.) The specification subcomponent encompasses the formal language and virtual machine specifications. specification language (The Java Language Specification) vm (The Java Virtual Machine Specification) The code for the deploy and install areas is not currently included in OpenJDK. deploy deployment_toolkit plugin webstart install auto_update install servicetags In the JDK, there are a number of cross-cutting concerns whose organization is essentially orthogonal to other areas. Since these areas generally have dedicated teams working on them, it is easier to find bugs of interest if these bugs are grouped first by their cross-cutting component rather than by the affected technology. docs doclet guides hotspot release_notes tools tutorial embedded build hotspot libraries globalization locale-data translation performance hotspot libraries The list of subcomponents will no doubt grow over time, but my inclination is to resist that growth since the addition of each subcomponent makes the system as a whole more complicated and harder to use. When the system gets closer to being externalized, I plan to post more blog entries describing recommended use of various custom fields in the JDK project.

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  • Whoosh: PASS Board Year 1, Q4

    - by Denise McInerney
    "Whoosh". That's the sound the last quarter of 2012 made as it rushed by. My first year on the PASS Board is complete, and the last three months of it were probably the busiest. PASS Summit 2012 Much of October was devoted to preparing for Summit. Every Board  member, HQ staffer and dozens of volunteers were busy in the run-up to our flagship event. It takes a lot of work to put on the Summit. The community meetings,  first-timers program, keynotes, sessions and that fabulous Community Appreciation party are the result of many hours of preparation. Virtual Chapters at the Summit With a lot of help from Karla Landrum, Michelle Nalliah, Lana Montgomery and others at HQ the VCs had a good presence at Summit. We started the week with a VC leaders meeting. I shared some information about the activities and growth during the first part of the year.   From January - September 2012: The number of VCs increased from 14 to 20 VC membership  grew from 55,200 to 80,100 Total attendance at VC meetings increased from 1,480 to 2,198 Been part of PASS Global Growth with language-based VC- including Chinese, Spanish and Portuguese. We also heard from some VC leaders and volunteers. Ryan Adams (Performance VC) shared his tips for successful marketing of VC events. Amy Lewis (Business Intelligence VC) described how the BI chapter has expanded to support PASS' global growth by finding volunteers to organize events at times that are convenient for people in Europe and Australia. Felipe Ferreira (Portuguese language VC) described the experience of building a user group first in Brazil, then expanding to work with Portuguese-speaking data professionals around the world. Virtual Chapter leaders and volunteers were in evidence throughout Summit, beginning with the Welcome Reception. For the past several years VCs have had an organized presence at this event, signing up new members and advertising their meetings. Many VC leaders also spent time at the Community Zone. This new addition to the Summit proved to be a vibrant spot were new members and volunteers could network with others and find out how to start a chapter or host a SQL Saturday. Women In Technology 2012 was the 10th WIT Luncheon to be held at Summit. I was honored to be asked to be on the panel to discuss the topic "Where Have We Been and Where are We Going?" The PASS community has come a long way in our understanding of issues facing women in tech and our support of women in the organization. It was great to hear from panelists Stefanie Higgins and Kevin Kline who were there at the beginning as well as Kendra Little and Jen Stirrup who are part of the progress being made by women in our community today. Bylaw Changes The Board spent a good deal of time in 2012 discussing how to move our global growth initiatives forward. An important component of this is a proposed change to how the Board is elected with some seats representing geographic regions. At the end of December we voted on these proposed bylaw changes which have been published for review. The member review and feedback is open until February 8. I encourage all members to review these changes and send any feedback to [email protected]  In addition to reading the bylaws, I recommend reading Bill Graziano's blog post on the subject. Business Analytics Conference At Summit we announced a new event: the PASS Business Analytics Conference. The inaugural event will be April 10-12, 2013 in Chicago. The world of data is changing rapidly. More and more businesses want to extract value and insight from their data. Data professionals who provide these insights or enable others to do so are in demand. The BA Conference offers expert content on predictive analytics, data exploration and visualization, content delivery strategies and more. By holding this new event PASS is participating in important discussions happening in our industry, offering our members more educational value and reaching out to data professionals who are not currently part of our organization. New Year, New Portfolio In addition to my work with the Virtual Chapters I am also now responsible for the 24 Hours of PASS portfolio. Since the first 24HOP of 2013 is scheduled for January 30 we started the transition of the portfolio work from Rob Farley to me right after Summit. Work immediately started to secure speakers for the January event. We have also been evaluating webinar platforms that can be used for 24HOP as well as the Virtual Chapters. Next Up 24 Hours of PASS: Business Analytics Edition will be held on January 30. I'll be there and will moderate one or two sessions. The 24HOP topics are a sneak peek into the type of content that will be offered at the Business Analytics Conference. I hope to see some of you there. The Virtual Chapters have hit the ground running in 2013; many of them have events scheduled. The Application Development VC is getting restarted  and a new Business Analytics VC will be starting soon. Check out the lineup and join the VCs that interest you. And watch the Events page and Connector for announcements of upcoming meetings. At the end of January I will be attending a Board meeting in Seattle, and February 23 I will be at SQL Saturday #177 in Silicon Valley.

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  • Declarative Architectures in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

    - by BuckWoody
    I deal with computing architectures by first laying out requirements, and then laying in any constraints for it's success. Only then do I bring in computing elements to apply to the system. As an example, a requirement might be "world-side availability" and a constraint might be "with less than 80ms response time and full HA" or something similar. Then I can choose from the best fit of technologies which range from full-up on-premises computing to IaaS, PaaS or SaaS. I also deal in abstraction layers - on-premises systems are fully under your control, in IaaS the hardware is abstracted (but not the OS, scale, runtimes and so on), in PaaS the hardware and the OS is abstracted and you focus on code and data only, and in SaaS everything is abstracted - you merely purchase the function you want (like an e-mail server or some such) and simply use it. When you think about solutions this way, the architecture moves to the primary factor in your decision. It's problem-first architecting, and then laying in whatever technology or vendor best fixes the problem. To that end, most architects design a solution using a graphical tool (I use Visio) and then creating documents that  let the rest of the team (and business) know what is required. It's the template, or recipe, for the solution. This is extremely easy to do for SaaS - you merely point out what the needs are, research the vendor and present the findings (and bill) to the business. IT might not even be involved there. In PaaS it's not much more complicated - you use the same Application Lifecycle Management and design tools you always have for code, such as Visual Studio or some other process and toolset, and you can "stamp out" the application in multiple locations, update it and so on. IaaS is another story. Here you have multiple machines, operating systems, patches, virus scanning, run-times, scale-patterns and tools and much more that you have to deal with, since essentially it's just an in-house system being hosted by someone else. You can certainly automate builds of servers - we do this as technical professionals every day. From Windows to Linux, it's simple enough to create a "build script" that makes a system just like the one we made yesterday. What is more problematic is being able to tie those systems together in a coherent way (as a solution) and then stamp that out repeatedly, especially when you might want to deploy that solution on-premises, or in one cloud vendor or another. Lately I've been working with a company called RightScale that does exactly this. I'll point you to their site for more info, but the general idea is that you document out your intent for a set of servers, and it will deploy them to on-premises clouds, Windows Azure, and other cloud providers all from the same script. In other words, it doesn't contain the images or anything like that - it contains the scripts to build them on-premises or on a cloud vendor like Microsoft. Using a tool like this, you combine the steps of designing a system (all the way down to passwords and accounts if you wish) and then the document drives the distribution and implementation of that intent. As time goes on and more and more companies implement solutions on various providers (perhaps for HA and DR) then this becomes a compelling investigation. The RightScale information is here, if you want to investigate it further. Yes, there are other methods I've found, but most are tied to a single kind of cloud, and I'm not into vendor lock-in. Poppa Bear Level - Hands-on EvaluateRightScale at no cost.  Just bring your Windows Azurecredentials and follow the these tutorials: Sign Up for Windows Azure Add     Windows Azure to a RightScale Account Windows Azure Virtual Machines     3-tier Deployment Momma Bear Level - Just the Right level... ;0)  WindowsAzure Evaluation Guide - if you are new toWindows Azure Virtual Machines and new to RightScale, we recommend that youread the entire evaluation guide to gain a more complete understanding of theWindows Azure + RightScale solution.    WindowsAzure Support Page @ support.rightscale.com - FAQ's, tutorials,etc. for  Windows Azure Virtual Machines (Work in Progress) Baby Bear Level - Marketing WindowsAzure Page @ www.rightscale.com - find overview informationincluding solution briefs and presentation & demonstration videos   Scale     and Automate Applications on Windows Azure  Solution Brief     - how RightScale makes Windows Azure Virtual Machine even better SQL     Server on Windows Azure  Solution Brief   -       Run Highly Available SQL Server on Windows Azure Virtual Machines

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  • WebLogic JDBC Use of Oracle Wallet for SSL

    - by Steve Felts
    Introduction Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) can be used to secure the connection between the middle tier “client”, WebLogic Server (WLS) in this case, and the Oracle database server.  Data between WLS and database can be encrypted.  The server can be authenticated so you have proof that the database can be trusted by validating a certificate from the server.  The client can be authenticated so that the database only accepts connections from clients that it trusts. Similar to the discussion in an earlier article about using the Oracle wallet for database credentials, the Oracle wallet can also be used with SSL to store the keys and certificates.  By using it correctly, clear text passwords can be eliminated from the JDBC configuration and client/server configuration can be simplified by sharing the wallet across multiple datasources. There is a very good Oracle Technical White Paper on using SSL with the Oracle thin driver at http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/wp-oracle-jdbc-thin-ssl-130128.pdf [LINK1].  The link http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/weblogic/index-087556.html [LINK2] describes how to use WebLogic Server with Oracle JDBC Driver SSL. The information in this article is a guide on what steps need to be taken in the variety of available options; use the links above for details. SSL from the driver to the database server is basically turned on by specifying a protocol of “tcps” in the URL.  However, there is a fair amount of setup needed.  Also remember that there is an overhead in performance. Creating the wallets The common use cases are 1. “data encryption and server-only authentication”, requiring just a trust store, or 2. “data encryption and authentication of both tiers” (client and server), requiring a trust store and a key store. It is recommended to use the auto-login wallet type so that clear text passwords are not needed in the datasource configuration to open the wallet.  The store type for an auto-login wallet is “SSO” (Single Sign On), not “JKS” or “PKCS12” as in [LINK2].  The file name is “cwallet.sso”. Wallets are created using the orapki tool.  They need to be created based on the usage (encryption and/or authentication).  This is discussed in detail in [LINK1] in Appendix B or in the Advanced Security Administrator’s Guide of the Database documentation. Database Server Configuration It is necessary to update the sqlnet.ora and listener.ora files with the directory location of the wallet using WALLET_LOCATION.  These files also indicate whether or not SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION is being used (true or false). The Oracle Listener must also be configured to use the TCPS protocol.  The recommended port is 2484. LISTENER = (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=servername)(PORT=2484))) WebLogic Server Classpath The WebLogic Server CLASSPATH must have three additional security files. The files that need to be added to the WLS CLASSPATH are $MW_HOME/modules/com.oracle.osdt_cert_1.0.0.0.jar $MW_HOME/modules/com.oracle.osdt_core_1.0.0.0.jar $MW_HOME/modules/com.oracle.oraclepki_1.0.0.0.jar One way to do this is to add them to PRE_CLASSPATH environment variable for use with the standard WebLogic scripts. Setting the Oracle Security Provider It’s necessary to enable the Oracle PKI provider on the client side.  This can either be done statically by updating the java.security file under the JRE or dynamically by setting it in a WLS startup class using java.security.Security.insertProviderAt(new oracle.security.pki.OraclePKIProvider (), 3); See the full example of the startup class in [LINK2]. Datasource Configuration When creating a WLS datasource, set the PROTOCOL in the URL to tcps as in the following. jdbc:oracle:thin:@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=host)(PORT=port))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=myservice))) For encryption and server authentication, use the datasource connection properties: - javax.net.ssl.trustStore=location of wallet file on the client - javax.net.ssl.trustStoreType=”SSO” For client authentication, use the datasource connection properties: - javax.net.ssl.keyStore=location of wallet file on the client - javax.net.ssl.keyStoreType=”SSO” Note that the driver connection properties for the wallet require a file name, not a directory name. Active GridLink ONS over SSL For completeness, there is another SSL usage for WLS datasources.  The communication with the Oracle Notification Service (ONS) for load balancing information and node up/down events can use SSL also. Create an auto-login wallet and use the wallet on the client and server.  The following is a sample sequence to create a test wallet for use with ONS. orapki wallet create -wallet ons -auto_login -pwd ONS_Wallet orapki wallet add -wallet ons -dn "CN=ons_test,C=US" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 9999 -pwd ONS_Wallet orapki wallet export -wallet ons -dn "CN=ons_test,C=US" -cert ons/cert.txt -pwd ONS_Wallet On the database server side, it’s necessary to define the walletfile directory in the file $CRS_HOME/opmn/conf/ons.config and run onsctl stop/start. When configuring an Active GridLink datasource, the connection to the ONS must be defined.  In addition to the host and port, the wallet file directory must be specified.  By not giving a password, a SSO wallet is assumed. Summary To use SSL with the Oracle thin driver without any clear text passwords, use an SSO Oracle Wallet.  SSL support in the Oracle thin driver is available starting in 10g Release 2.

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  • Cloud to On-Premise Connectivity Patterns

    - by Rajesh Raheja
    Do you have a requirement to convert an Opportunity in Salesforce.com to an Order/Quote in Oracle E-Business Suite? Or maybe you want the creation of an Oracle RightNow Incident to trigger an on-premise Oracle E-Business Suite Service Request creation for RMA and Field Scheduling? If so, read on. In a previous blog post, I discussed integrating TO cloud applications, however the use cases above are the reverse i.e. receiving data FROM cloud applications (SaaS) TO on-premise applications/databases that sit behind a firewall. Oracle SOA Suite is assumed to be on-premise with with Oracle Service Bus as the mediation and virtualization layer. The main considerations for the patterns are are security i.e. shielding enterprise resources; and scalability i.e. minimizing firewall latency. Let me use an analogy to help visualize the patterns: the on-premise system is your home - with your most valuable possessions - and the SaaS app is your favorite on-line store which regularly ships (inbound calls) various types of parcels/items (message types/service operations). You need the items at home (on-premise) but want to safe guard against misguided elements of society (internet threats) who may masquerade as postal workers and vandalize property (denial of service?). Let's look at the patterns. Pattern: Pull from Cloud The on-premise system polls from the SaaS apps and picks up the message instead of having it delivered. This may be done using Oracle RightNow Object Query Language or SOAP APIs. This is particularly suited for certain integration approaches wherein messages are trickling in, can be centralized and batched e.g. retrieving event notifications on an hourly schedule from the Oracle Messaging Service. To compare this pattern with the home analogy, you are avoiding any deliveries to your home and instead go to the post office/UPS/Fedex store to pick up your parcel. Every time. Pros: On-premise assets not exposed to the Internet, firewall issues avoided by only initiating outbound connections Cons: Polling mechanisms may affect performance, may not satisfy near real-time requirements Pattern: Open Firewall Ports The on-premise system exposes the web services that needs to be invoked by the cloud application. This requires opening up firewall ports, routing calls to the appropriate internal services behind the firewall. Fusion Applications uses this pattern, and auto-provisions the services on the various virtual hosts to secure the topology. This works well for service integration, but may not suffice for large volume data integration. Using the home analogy, you have now decided to receive parcels instead of going to the post office every time. A door mail slot cut out allows the postman can drop small parcels, but there is still concern about cutting new holes for larger packages. Pros: optimal pattern for near real-time needs, simpler administration once the service is provisioned Cons: Needs firewall ports to be opened up for new services, may not suffice for batch integration requiring direct database access Pattern: Virtual Private Networking The on-premise network is "extended" to the cloud (or an intermediary on-demand / managed service offering) using Virtual Private Networking (VPN) so that messages are delivered to the on-premise system in a trusted channel. Using the home analogy, you entrust a set of keys with a neighbor or property manager who receives the packages, and then drops it inside your home. Pros: Individual firewall ports don't need to be opened, more suited for high scalability needs, can support large volume data integration, easier management of one connection vs a multitude of open ports Cons: VPN setup, specific hardware support, requires cloud provider to support virtual private computing Pattern: Reverse Proxy / API Gateway The on-premise system uses a reverse proxy "API gateway" software on the DMZ to receive messages. The reverse proxy can be implemented using various mechanisms e.g. Oracle API Gateway provides firewall and proxy services along with comprehensive security, auditing, throttling benefits. If a firewall already exists, then Oracle Service Bus or Oracle HTTP Server virtual hosts can provide reverse proxy implementations on the DMZ. Custom built implementations are also possible if specific functionality (such as message store-n-forward) is needed. In the home analogy, this pattern sits in between cutting mail slots and handing over keys. Instead, you install (and maintain) a mailbox in your home premises outside your door. The post office delivers the parcels in your mailbox, from where you can securely retrieve it. Pros: Very secure, very flexible Cons: Introduces a new software component, needs DMZ deployment and management Pattern: On-Premise Agent (Tunneling) A light weight "agent" software sits behind the firewall and initiates the communication with the cloud, thereby avoiding firewall issues. It then maintains a bi-directional connection either with pull or push based approaches using (or abusing, depending on your viewpoint) the HTTP protocol. Programming protocols such as Comet, WebSockets, HTTP CONNECT, HTTP SSH Tunneling etc. are possible implementation options. In the home analogy, a resident receives the parcel from the postal worker by opening the door, however you still take precautions with chain locks and package inspections. Pros: Light weight software, IT doesn't need to setup anything Cons: May bypass critical firewall checks e.g. virus scans, separate software download, proliferation of non-IT managed software Conclusion The patterns above are some of the most commonly encountered ones for cloud to on-premise integration. Selecting the right pattern for your project involves looking at your scalability needs, security restrictions, sync vs asynchronous implementation, near real-time vs batch expectations, cloud provider capabilities, budget, and more. In some cases, the basic "Pull from Cloud" may be acceptable, whereas in others, an extensive VPN topology may be well justified. For more details on the Oracle cloud integration strategy, download this white paper.

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  • Cloud to On-Premise Connectivity Patterns

    - by Rajesh Raheja
    Do you have a requirement to convert an Opportunity in Salesforce.com to an Order/Quote in Oracle E-Business Suite? Or maybe you want the creation of an Oracle RightNow Incident to trigger an on-premise Oracle E-Business Suite Service Request creation for RMA and Field Scheduling? If so, read on. In a previous blog post, I discussed integrating TO cloud applications, however the use cases above are the reverse i.e. receiving data FROM cloud applications (SaaS) TO on-premise applications/databases that sit behind a firewall. Oracle SOA Suite is assumed to be on-premise with with Oracle Service Bus as the mediation and virtualization layer. The main considerations for the patterns are are security i.e. shielding enterprise resources; and scalability i.e. minimizing firewall latency. Let me use an analogy to help visualize the patterns: the on-premise system is your home - with your most valuable possessions - and the SaaS app is your favorite on-line store which regularly ships (inbound calls) various types of parcels/items (message types/service operations). You need the items at home (on-premise) but want to safe guard against misguided elements of society (internet threats) who may masquerade as postal workers and vandalize property (denial of service?). Let's look at the patterns. Pattern: Pull from Cloud The on-premise system polls from the SaaS apps and picks up the message instead of having it delivered. This may be done using Oracle RightNow Object Query Language or SOAP APIs. This is particularly suited for certain integration approaches wherein messages are trickling in, can be centralized and batched e.g. retrieving event notifications on an hourly schedule from the Oracle Messaging Service. To compare this pattern with the home analogy, you are avoiding any deliveries to your home and instead go to the post office/UPS/Fedex store to pick up your parcel. Every time. Pros: On-premise assets not exposed to the Internet, firewall issues avoided by only initiating outbound connections Cons: Polling mechanisms may affect performance, may not satisfy near real-time requirements Pattern: Open Firewall Ports The on-premise system exposes the web services that needs to be invoked by the cloud application. This requires opening up firewall ports, routing calls to the appropriate internal services behind the firewall. Fusion Applications uses this pattern, and auto-provisions the services on the various virtual hosts to secure the topology. This works well for service integration, but may not suffice for large volume data integration. Using the home analogy, you have now decided to receive parcels instead of going to the post office every time. A door mail slot cut out allows the postman can drop small parcels, but there is still concern about cutting new holes for larger packages. Pros: optimal pattern for near real-time needs, simpler administration once the service is provisioned Cons: Needs firewall ports to be opened up for new services, may not suffice for batch integration requiring direct database access Pattern: Virtual Private Networking The on-premise network is "extended" to the cloud (or an intermediary on-demand / managed service offering) using Virtual Private Networking (VPN) so that messages are delivered to the on-premise system in a trusted channel. Using the home analogy, you entrust a set of keys with a neighbor or property manager who receives the packages, and then drops it inside your home. Pros: Individual firewall ports don't need to be opened, more suited for high scalability needs, can support large volume data integration, easier management of one connection vs a multitude of open ports Cons: VPN setup, specific hardware support, requires cloud provider to support virtual private computing Pattern: Reverse Proxy / API Gateway The on-premise system uses a reverse proxy "API gateway" software on the DMZ to receive messages. The reverse proxy can be implemented using various mechanisms e.g. Oracle API Gateway provides firewall and proxy services along with comprehensive security, auditing, throttling benefits. If a firewall already exists, then Oracle Service Bus or Oracle HTTP Server virtual hosts can provide reverse proxy implementations on the DMZ. Custom built implementations are also possible if specific functionality (such as message store-n-forward) is needed. In the home analogy, this pattern sits in between cutting mail slots and handing over keys. Instead, you install (and maintain) a mailbox in your home premises outside your door. The post office delivers the parcels in your mailbox, from where you can securely retrieve it. Pros: Very secure, very flexible Cons: Introduces a new software component, needs DMZ deployment and management Pattern: On-Premise Agent (Tunneling) A light weight "agent" software sits behind the firewall and initiates the communication with the cloud, thereby avoiding firewall issues. It then maintains a bi-directional connection either with pull or push based approaches using (or abusing, depending on your viewpoint) the HTTP protocol. Programming protocols such as Comet, WebSockets, HTTP CONNECT, HTTP SSH Tunneling etc. are possible implementation options. In the home analogy, a resident receives the parcel from the postal worker by opening the door, however you still take precautions with chain locks and package inspections. Pros: Light weight software, IT doesn't need to setup anything Cons: May bypass critical firewall checks e.g. virus scans, separate software download, proliferation of non-IT managed software Conclusion The patterns above are some of the most commonly encountered ones for cloud to on-premise integration. Selecting the right pattern for your project involves looking at your scalability needs, security restrictions, sync vs asynchronous implementation, near real-time vs batch expectations, cloud provider capabilities, budget, and more. In some cases, the basic "Pull from Cloud" may be acceptable, whereas in others, an extensive VPN topology may be well justified. For more details on the Oracle cloud integration strategy, download this white paper.

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  • Coping with infrastructure upgrades

    - by Fatherjack
    A common topic for questions on SQL Server forums is how to plan and implement upgrades to SQL Server. Moving from old to new hardware or moving from one version of SQL Server to another. There are other circumstances where upgrades of other systems affect SQL Server DBAs. For example, where I work at the moment there is an Microsoft Exchange (email) server upgrade in progress. It it being handled by a different team so I’m not wholly sure on the details but we are in a situation where there are currently 2 Exchange email servers – the old one and the new one. Users mail boxes are being transferred in a planned process but as we approach the old server being turned off we have to also make sure that our SQL Servers get updated to use the new SMTP server for all of the SQL Agent notifications, SSIS packages etc. My servers have a number of profiles so that various jobs can send emails on behalf of various departments and different systems. This means there are lots of places that the old server name needs to be replaced by the new one. Anyone who has set up DBMail and enjoyed the click-tastic odyssey of screens to create Profiles and Accounts and so on and so forth ought to seek some professional help in my opinion. It’s a nightmare of back and forth settings changes and it stinks. I wasn’t looking forward to heading into this mess of a UI and changing the old Exchange server name for the new one on all my SQL Instances for all of the accounts I have set up. So I did what any Englishmen with a shed would do, I decided to take it apart and see if I can fix it another way. I took a guess that we are going to be working in MSDB and Books OnLine was remarkably helpful and amongst a lot of information told me about a couple of procedures that can be used to interrogate DBMail settings. USE [msdb] -- It's where all the good stuff is kept GO EXEC dbo.sysmail_help_profile_sp; EXEC dbo.sysmail_help_account_sp; Both of these procedures take optional parameters with the same name – ID and Name. If you provide an ID or a name then the results you get back are for that specific Profile or Account. Otherwise you get details of all Profiles and Accounts on the server you are connected to. As you can see (click for a bigger image), the Account has the SMTP server information in the servername column. We want to change that value to NewSMTP.Contoso.com. Now it appears that the procedure we are looking at gets it’s data from the sysmail_account and sysmail_server tables, you can get the results the stored procedure provides if you run the code below. SELECT [account_id] , [name] , [description] , [email_address] , [display_name] , [replyto_address] , [last_mod_datetime] , [last_mod_user] FROM dbo.sysmail_account AS sa; SELECT [account_id] , [servertype] , [servername] , [port] , [username] , [credential_id] , [use_default_credentials] , [enable_ssl] , [flags] , [last_mod_datetime] , [last_mod_user] , [timeout] FROM dbo.sysmail_server AS sms Now, we have no real idea how these tables are linked and whether making an update direct to one or other of them is going to do what we want or whether it will entirely cripple our ability to send email from SQL Server so we wont touch those tables with any UPDATE TSQL. So, back to Books OnLine then and we find sysmail_update_account_sp. It’s exactly what we need. The examples in BOL take the form (as below) of having every parameter explicitly defined. Not wanting to totally obliterate the existing values by not passing values in all of the parameters I set to writing some code to gather the existing data from the tables and re-write the SMTP server name and then execute the resulting TSQL. IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#sysmailprofiles') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #sysmailprofiles GO CREATE TABLE #sysmailprofiles ( account_id INT , [name] VARCHAR(50) , [description] VARCHAR(500) , email_address VARCHAR(500) , display_name VARCHAR(500) , replyto_address VARCHAR(500) , servertype VARCHAR(10) , servername VARCHAR(100) , port INT , username VARCHAR(100) , use_default_credentials VARCHAR(1) , ENABLE_ssl VARCHAR(1) ) INSERT [#sysmailprofiles] ( [account_id] , [name] , [description] , [email_address] , [display_name] , [replyto_address] , [servertype] , [servername] , [port] , [username] , [use_default_credentials] , [ENABLE_ssl] ) EXEC [dbo].[sysmail_help_account_sp] DECLARE @TSQL NVARCHAR(1000) SELECT TOP 1 @TSQL = 'EXEC [dbo].[sysmail_update_account_sp] @account_id = ' + CAST([s].[account_id] AS VARCHAR(20)) + ', @account_name = ''' + [s].[name] + '''' + ', @email_address = N''' + [s].[email_address] + '''' + ', @display_name = N''' + [s].[display_name] + '''' + ', @replyto_address = N''' + s.replyto_address + '''' + ', @description = N''' + [s].[description] + '''' + ', @mailserver_name = ''NEWSMTP.contoso.com''' + +', @mailserver_type = ' + [s].[servertype] + ', @port = ' + CAST([s].[port] AS VARCHAR(20)) + ', @username = ' + COALESCE([s].[username], '''''') + ', @use_default_credentials =' + CAST(s.[use_default_credentials] AS VARCHAR(1)) + ', @enable_ssl =' + [s].[ENABLE_ssl] FROM [#sysmailprofiles] AS s WHERE [s].[servername] = 'SMTP.Contoso.com' SELECT @tsql EXEC [sys].[sp_executesql] @tsql This worked well for me and testing the email function EXEC dbo.sp_send_dbmail afterwards showed that the settings were indeed using our new Exchange server. It was only later in writing this blog that I tried running the sysmail_update_account_sp procedure with only the SMTP server name parameter value specified. Despite what Books OnLine might intimate, you can do this and only the values for parameters specified get changed. If a parameter is not specified in the execution of the procedure then the values remain unchanged. This renders most of the above script unnecessary as I could have simply specified the account_id that I want to amend and the new value for the parameter I want to update. EXEC sysmail_update_account_sp @account_id = 1, @mailserver_name = 'NEWSMTP.Contoso.com' This wasn’t going to be the main reason for this post, it was meant to describe how to capture values from a stored procedure and use them in dynamic TSQL but instead we are here and (re)learning the fact that Books Online is a little flawed in places. It is a fantastic resource for anyone working with SQL Server but the reader must adopt an enquiring frame of mind and use a little curiosity to try simple variations on examples to fully understand the code you are working with. I think the author(s) of this part of Books OnLine missed an opportunity to include a third example that had fewer than all parameters specified to give a lead to this method existing.

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