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  • different folders in a partition as mount points?

    - by ajsie
    i want to have 2 partitions. one is called system. the other is private. in the private partition i've got some folders i want to mount into system as system folders. folders in private: - www - home mount points in system: - /var/www - /home is this possible? cause it seems that you can only specify a whole partition to use for a mount point and not a folder in a partition or am i wrong? i run ubuntu server. cheers

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  • Two IP ranges on eth1 configuration for centos 6.2

    - by Trickzzz
    i have a dedicated server, with "Virtuozzo" on it running VPS's. I have: eth0 - which is configured to the internal network, that one is fine. Now I have: eth1 - which has two ranges routed through this device. x.x.134.x (which has 12 IP's sequentially) x.x.132.x (which has 5) eth1: DEVICE="eth1" HWADDR="00:25:90:37:65:67" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR="x.x.134.x" NETMASK="255.255.255.240" GATEWAY="x.x.134.x" I tried using this with another file as well named "ifcfg-eth1:1" in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ any ideas why the containers on eth1:1 would not link up to the network? Virtuozzo also thinks that eth1:1 is the primary network now, which isn't right?

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  • Rebuild mdadm RAID5 array with fewer disks

    - by drjeep
    I have a 4 disk RAID5 array, one of which is starting to fail according to smartd. However, since I'm using less than half the space on /dev/md0, I'd like to rebuild the array without the failing disk. The closest scenario I've been able to find online has been this post, however it contains bits that don't apply to me (LVM volumes) and also doesn't explain how I go about resizing the partition after I'm done. Please note I have backups of important data, but I'd like to avoid rebuilding the array from scratch if possible.

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  • Why does Exim puts emails on hold if there are frozen messages in the queue?

    - by user51932
    Hi, I've a CentOS with CPanel server working as a SMTP server, which currently uses 20 different hostnames and IP addresses to deliver email for an email newsletter service. However, it's extremely slow in sending emails. It's sending like 10 emails per minute, which I check by running the "exim -bpc" command. What could be affecting this? One thing I'm supposing, is that there are frozen messages in the queue, which are slowing down the sending until they're sent out, and are putting new messages on hold. What are the most common reasons a message can get frozen? Also, would it be more efficient to use 20 different small VPSs to send out email rather than use one large VPS with the 20 different hostnames and IPs in it?

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  • what is best multi-server configuration with OpenVPN

    - by sebut
    We have a number of Database severs running MongoDB on Debian plus a number of Application servers also on Debian. The db servers hold replicating db clusters, so they need to talk to each other. Application servers need to talk to all db servers (for reasons of fault tolerance). The servers are potentially spread across multiple hosting centers, so we need secure channels between all servers. The number of servers is bound to grow, so we need a VPN solution that's easy to maintain and expand. This is why I feel that SSH that we use for testing might not be up to the task and OpenVPN seems the way to go. I have ruled out TAP, since I understand that this would mean all traffic going to all the servers - perhaps this is a misunderstanding and TAP acts more like a switch? With TUN devices I imagine that all DB servers would live in their own separate subnet, they would also need a client configured to be able to connect to each of their peers. The application servers could live in a common subnet range with a client config only. Does this sound like a reasonable setup? Strangely, on the web I did not find anything about multi-server with OpenVPN. Thanks for all insights and ideas!

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  • sa2 -A /var/log/sa/sa13: No such file or directory

    - by user53925
    I have systat version 7.0.2 and the /etc/sysconfig/sysstat has the entry HISTORY=27, this is on a redhat enterprise server 5.6, the cron setup for this is # run system activity accounting tool every minute * * * * * root /usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1 # generate a daily summary of process accounting at 23:53 53 23 * * * root /usr/lib64/sa/sa2 -A I get the following error from the cron sa2 -A find: /var/log/sa/sa13: No such file or directory, Looking at the directory /var/log/sa the files are created from sa01 through sa10 (sa1 created on sep1, sa2 created on sep2 and so on), then the rest of the files are from sa14 through to sa 31 (created from Aug 14 to Aug 31). I have not made any changes on the server so I am not sure why I am getting these error messages and is there a way to fix this?. Someone suggested creating empty files from sa11 through sa14 to fix this but I am not sure if this might mess up something .

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  • Ubuntu USB flash boot drive gets spontaneous "Unhandled sense code" error and causes drive to switch to Write protected

    - by Steve
    What happens is that the system runs fine for several days or even a week and then suddenly the root file-system / goes read-only. Looking at the syslog it shows that there was an 'Unhandled sense code'. This is under Ubuntu 10.04 but I saw the same thing with Ubuntu 9 with different flash media. /dev/sdg1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.565090] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.565094] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.565098] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Data Protect [current] Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.565103] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Write protected Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.565108] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 00 46 29 18 00 00 08 00 Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.565117] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 4598040 Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.569788] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 574499 Jun 26 08:50:04 host1 kernel: [926247.574677] lost page write due to I/O error on sda1

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  • Are there any OpenGL implementations which can use a server to do the rendering?

    - by user1973386
    Assume I have 2 independent machines, one running Debian sid, and the other running Windows 7. The one running Debian sid has a decent graphics card, the Windows 7 machine has no graphics card and a weak processor. The two are connected over a fast local network. Are there any OpenGL implementations, where Windows 7 would use the Debian machine's graphics card to do OpenGL rendering "over the network"?

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  • printf + print param and values

    - by yael
    I need to print the following values with printf as the follwoing around like this: printf "[date +%d"/"%b"/"%G"-"%T] [WARN] $PARAM1 $PARAM2 $PARAM3 The required output: [02/Jun/2010-11:08:42] [WARN] val1....val2...val3 the gap between val1 to val2 and from val2 to val3 must be const gap not depend the length of the values

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  • Redirect non-www ssl traffic to www ssl (apache)

    - by The NinjaSysadmin
    Hello, I'm attempting to get a redirect which is failing, and for some reason I can't think today. I have a vHost file within HTTPD that listens on standard port 80 and port 443. I'm attempting to redirect https://domain.com/(.*) to https://www.domain.com/$1 so that the URL remains intact. My config is as follows: ServerName www.domain.com ServerAlias tempdomain.testdomain.co.uk ServerAlias domain.com My rerwrite rule I'm using is. RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^domain.com$ RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.com$1 [R=301,L] I've also tried removing the . and $ but nothing.. When I visit the url https://domain.com/secure.page?action=comp it doesn't redirect to https://www.domain.com/secure.page?action=comp I do also have other SSL pages, the above was just an example.. Can anyone point out my stupidity.

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  • Can I remove the original file while running "sort"?

    - by Spaceman
    I'm sorting a huge file, around 400 gigabytes. I'm running out of the disk space and I must do something quickly. Let's assume the original file is called original_file. So I execute (simplified) it as "sort original_file | gzip -c output_file" I use /home/tmp as a temporary dir. From what I see, there are a lot of intermediate files, like so: tmpA465 tmpB154 ... and so on. The smallest ones have size 12 megabytes. The largest have ~182 megabytes. So, it seems that the "sort" command have already split the original file into small pieces, and have sorted them, and now it is merging them into bigger parts (which will be, eventually, sorted as well). Please correct me if I'm wrong. Can I remove the original file right now without terminating the sort process? I've been waiting for a few days for that and it's important that the "sort" command will not fail and I will get the result file, finally. The OS is Ubuntu server 13.04, x64. Thanks!

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  • How to change the X-Windows default border width for all window frames in Ubuntu using Gnome 2.28

    - by Heston T. Holtmann
    Way back from Windows 3.x days to the latest 64bit Windows 7 (classic/standard theme).. there is a way to make the window edge border wider then 1 pixel... I often use 3 to 5 pixel to make it easy to grab on hi-resolutions displays and hi DPI monitors. There doesn't seem to be an easy or obvious way to do this with the Gnome X-Windowing system? Does any one know how?

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  • How to avoid specifying full path in sudoers file?

    - by s g
    I am trying to add a NOPASSWD entry for sudotest.sh (or any script/binary that requires sudo) in my /etc/sudoers file (on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS server), but in order to make it work, I must specify the full path. The following entry works just fine: %jenkins ALL=(ALL)NOPASSWD:/home/vts_share/test/sudotest.sh The problem is that the script might move to a different directory. This seems like a great chance to use the * wildcard in the path (i.e. /*/sudotest.sh) so that my script could be in any directory but the manual states that wildcards will not match the / character when used in a path. I've confirmed that it doesn't work. I know that I can use the word ALL in place of my script, but this means there is no password prompt for any commands which seems unsafe. How do I solve this?

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  • What Logs / Process Stats to monitor on a Ubuntu FTP server?

    - by Adam Salkin
    I am administering a server with Ubuntu Server which is running pureFTP. So far all is well, but I would like to know what I should be monitoring so that I can spot any potential stability and security issues. I'm not looking for sophisticated software, more an idea of what logs and process statistics are most useful for checking on the health of the system. I'm thinking that I can look at various parameters output from the "ps" command and compare to see if I have things like memory leaks. But I would like to know what experienced admins do. Also, how do I do a disk check so that when I reboot, I don't get a message saying something like "disk not checked for x days, forcing check" which delays the reboot? I assume there is command that I can run as a cron job late at night. How often should it be run? What things should I be looking at to spot intrusion attempts? The only shell access is SSH on a non-standard port through UFW firewall, and I regularly do a grep on auth.log for "Fail" or "Invalid". Is there anything else I should look at? I was logging the firewall (UFW) but I have very few open ports (FTP and SSH on a non standard port) so looking at lists of IP's that have been blocked did not seem useful. Many thanks

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  • apache: lists of all directives for a context?

    - by ajsie
    in the apache online documentation each directive could belong to a context eg: server-config, virtualhost, directory, .htaccess and so on. i wonder if there is a list of all directives belonging to each context? eg. a list with all directives for virtualhost so i know exactly which one i can use? and also, where can i find directives for apache modules? on their page or does each module has its own page with documentation (eg. mod_rewrite)?

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  • Use alias source with relative path

    - by notme
    I want to add an alias file to my project folder to quickly open and edit files in it with a simple shell command. To make it more portable, I would like to use only relative paths. I want something like this: ### .profile source /my/project/folder/aliases.bash and ### aliases.bash editprojectfiles="edit [/my/project/folder/]afile.txt" The problem for me now is how to retrieve [/my/project/folder/] automatically. I tried to use $PWD variable, but the result is that the alias points to the folder of .profile file and not the aliases.bash ones. Is there a way to get this?

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  • Why would the Apache parent process restart silently?

    - by miracle
    I run apache 2.2.9 with mpm prefork on debian lenny. Following http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/prefork.html, I would expect that there is one parent process, running as root and listening as configured, which would start child processes as defined by the Min/Max/etc. directives. I expect the children to be restarted as per MaxRequestsPerChild, but the parent process to stay put with one process id until I restart it manually. Out of a little paranoia, I started monitoring listening ports including process ids. I have a cron job every 20 minutes to run netstat -ap | grep LISTEN and diff the output. Sometimes (about once per day) I see a series of this: 8c8 < tcp6 0 0 [::]:www [::]:* LISTEN 6194/apache2 --- tcp6 0 0 [::]:www [::]:* LISTEN 6607/apache2 10c10 < tcp6 0 0 [::]:https [::]:* LISTEN 6194/apache2 --- tcp6 0 0 [::]:https [::]:* LISTEN 6607/apache2 Over a period of an hour or three, the parent would change its pid at least once every 20 minutes, without any explanation in the log files or any other hint that anything is going wrong. This is not what I expected. What am I missing?

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  • Question marks showing in ls of directory. IO errors too.

    - by jaymoo
    Has anyone seen this before? I've got a raid 5 mounted on my server and for whatever reason it started showing this: jason@box2:/mnt/raid1/cra$ ls -alh ls: cannot access e6eacc985fea729b2d5bc74078632738: Input/output error ls: cannot access 257ad35ee0b12a714530c30dccf9210f: Input/output error total 0 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 123 2009-08-19 16:33 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 16 2009-08-14 17:15 .. ?????????? ? ? ? ? ? 257ad35ee0b12a714530c30dccf9210f drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 57 2009-08-19 16:58 9c89a78e93ae6738e01136db9153361b ?????????? ? ? ? ? ? e6eacc985fea729b2d5bc74078632738 The md5 strings are actual directory names and not part of the error. The question marks are odd, and any directory with a question mark throws an io error when you attempt to use/delete/etc it. I was unable to umount the drive due to "busy". Rebooting the server "fixed" it but it was throwing some raid errors on shutdown. I have configured two raid 5 arrays and both started doing this on random files. Both are using the following config: mkfs.xfs -l size=128m -d agcount=32 mount -t xfs -o noatime,logbufs=8 Nothing too fancy, but part of an optimized config for this box. We're not partitioning the drives and that was suggested as a possible issue. Could this be the culprit?

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  • Dedicated server given, how to start?

    - by eduardito
    Hello, I've been given a dedicated server. Unfortunately, I have no idea what to do / how to manage it. I have background in many fields on Computer Science but never got to focus on networking, server management, etc. What I'm asking is for recommended books, Basically, I would like to be able to be proficient and understand well how to manage domain names, zones, setting up mail servers, being able to install easily any web server, and such. Everything needed for proper server management through the shell. I will probably stick with Parallels, or Cpanel for a bit. But I dislike those, especially how it add a lot of intruding user accounts and configs on the file system. Thank you

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