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• Configuration of Sonicwall Load Balancing

  - by jacke672

  We installed a Sonicwall NSA 240 appliance and have configured it up for our SSL VPN connection and for load balancing with 2 ADSL lines. Over the past week, I have been testing the load balancing options to optimize the connection speeds for our users - but I've run into the following: Round Robin load balancing is the ideal load balancing setting and it's roughly doubling our throughput- but, when it's active users are unable to access any SSL enabled websites such as banking, web-mail, etc. For this reason, I have been using percentage based balancing as it allows me to enable source and destination IP binding, which doesn't 'break' any secure connections but were left with the slow connection speeds we had before adding the second line. I'm looking for a method in which we can take advantage of the round robin connection speeds while allowing users to access sites with SSL certificates, all while still allowing our remote (vpn) users to connect. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks

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• AFXR problem using gradwell secondary DNS

  - by Roaders

  Hi All I use Gradwell.com to provide secondary DNS but I keep getting e-mails along the lines of the following saying that it's not working: You have asked us to provide a secondary DNS service for the following domain(s) Unfortunately, the primary DNS server(s) you specified are not permitting the necessary zone transfers from our servers, or they are not answering "SOA" queries for your domain correctly. I have gone through the support procedure and they weren't that helpful. They have suggested the following: Our secondline team have suggested setting the AXFR to use anouther machine. This will ensure that the transfer is not locked down to one machine and should allow any machine to make the request I don't really know what AFXR is and I only have 1 production machine so I can't set the AFXR to use another one! In previous support correspondence we confirmed that I am allowing transfers to the correct IP and that I have the correct ports open on the firewall. I am running Windows Server 2003. What can I do to try and get these zone transfers working? Thanks

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• How should I setup separate mx records for a subdomain?

  - by Chris Adams

  Lets say I have a domain that I run a web app on, for example cranketywidgets.com, and I'm using google apps for handle email for people work work on that domain, i.e. support@ cranketywidgets.com, [email protected], [email protected] and so on. Google's own mail services aren't always the best for sending automated reminder emails, comment notifications and so on, so the current solution I plan to pursue is to create a separate subdomain called mailer.cranketywidgets.com, run a mail server off it, and create a few accounts specifically for sending these kinds of emails. What should the mx records and a records look like here for this? I'm somewhat confused by the fact that mx records can be names, but that they must eventually resolve to an A record. What should the records look like here? cranketywidgets.com - A record to actual server like 10.24.233.214 cranketywidgets.com - mx records for google's email apps mailer.cranketywidgets.com - mx name pointing to server's ip address Would greatly appeciate some help on this - the answer seems like it'll be obvious, but email spam is a difficult problem to solve.

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• Direct DB to Web Server connection

  - by Joel Coel

  I have a database server sitting right underneath a virtual machine host server in the rack, and this vm host is primarily responsible for servers hosting a couple different web sites and app servers that all talk to databases on the other server. Right now both servers are connected to the same switch, and I'm pretty happy with the pathing. However, both servers also have an unused network port. I wondering about the potential benefits of using a short crossover or normal+auto mdix network cable to connect these two servers together directly. Is this a good idea, or would I be doing something that won't show much benefit and is just likely to trip up a future admin who's not looking for this? The biggest weakness I can see right now is that this would likely require a code change for each vm app to point to the new IP of the database server on this private little network, and if I have a problem with the virtual machine host and have to spin up it's guests elsewhere while I fix it I'll have to change this back before things will work.

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• How to tell Windows 7 to ignore a default gateway

  - by zildjohn01

  I currently have 2 network cards in my PC -- one connected to an internal network on a router with a disconnected WAN port (10.x.x.x), and one connected to the internet through a consumer router (192.168.0.x). Windows seems to recognize them correctly (my "Network and Sharing Center" lists them as "No Internet" and "Internet" respectively), however when I try browsing the internet it always tries the internal network's default gateway, rather than the one with internet access. Trying to ping a website results in "Reply from 10.0.0.1: Destination net unreachable.". A simple "route delete 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1" fixes the problems, but they return upon reboot, or upon renewing my IP. Is there any way to tell Windows to ignore one NIC's default gateway, or to at least give them priorities?

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• Redhat doesn't set my desired hostname on reboot

  - by tomdee

  I have a redhat (EL5) server that I need to change the hostname on. I'm trying to put it back into a known state to help with server provisioning activities. As part of changing the hostname, I'm updating /etc/sysconfig/network and /etc/hosts. I also have an explicit call to hostname. My desired state is that the server thinks its hostname is "localhost". And a call to "hostname" returns "localhost". The problem I'm having is that when I reboot, the hostname is reverted to "localhost.companyname.com" which is not what I want. How do I ensure that the hostname is set up as just "localhost" when I reboot? My /etc/sysconfig/network file contains: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=localhost GATEWAY=123.123.123.123 #I do have a proper IP address here My /etc/hosts file contains: 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 172.21.1.1 localhost.companyname.com localhost

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• Cluster failover and strange gratuitous arp behavior

  - by lazerpld

  I am experiencing a strange Windows 2008R2 cluster related issue that is bothering me. I feel that I have come close as to what the issue is, but still don't fully understand what is happening. I have a two node exchange 2007 cluster running on two 2008R2 servers. The exchange cluster application works fine when running on the "primary" cluster node. The problem occurs when failing over the cluster ressource to the secondary node. When failing over the cluster to the "secondary" node, which for instance is on the same subnet as the "primary", the failover initially works ok and the cluster ressource continues to work for a couple of minutes on the new node. Which means that the recieving node does send out a gratuitous arp reply packet that updated the arp tables on the network. But after x amount of time (typically within 5 minutes time) something updates the arp-tables again because all of a sudden the cluster service does not answer to pings. So basically I start a ping to the exchange cluster address when its running on the "primary node". It works just great. I failover the cluster ressource group to the "secondary node" and I only have loss of one ping which is acceptable. The cluster ressource still answers for some time after being failed over and all of a sudden the ping starts timing out. This is telling me that the arp table initially is updated by the secondary node, but then something (which I haven't found out yet) wrongfully updates it again, probably with the primary node's MAC. Why does this happen - has anyone experienced the same problem? The cluster is NOT running NLB and the problem stops immidiately after failing over back to the primary node where there are no problems. Each node is using NIC teaming (intel) with ALB. Each node is on the same subnet and has gateway and so on entered correctly as far as I am concerned. Edit: I was wondering if it could be related to network binding order maybe? Because I have noticed that the only difference I can see from node to node is when showing the local arp table. On the "primary" node the arp table is generated on the cluster address as the source. While on the "secondary" its generated from the nodes own network card. Any input on this? Edit: Ok here is the connection layout. Cluster address: A.B.6.208/25 Exchange application address: A.B.6.212/25 Node A: 3 physical nics. Two teamed using intels teaming with the address A.B.6.210/25 called public The last one used for cluster traffic called private with 10.0.0.138/24 Node B: 3 physical nics. Two teamed using intels teaming with the address A.B.6.211/25 called public The last one used for cluster traffic called private with 10.0.0.139/24 Each node sits in a seperate datacenter connected together. End switches being cisco in DC1 and NEXUS 5000/2000 in DC2. Edit: I have been testing a little more. I have now created an empty application on the same cluster, and given it another ip address on the same subnet as the exchange application. After failing this empty application over, I see the exact same problem occuring. After one or two minutes clients on other subnets cannot ping the virtual ip of the application. But while clients on other subnets cannot, another server from another cluster on the same subnet has no trouble pinging. But if i then make another failover to the original state, then the situation is the opposite. So now clients on same subnet cannot, and on other they can. We have another cluster set up the same way and on the same subnet, with the same intel network cards, the same drivers and same teaming settings. Here we are not seeing this. So its somewhat confusing. Edit: OK done some more research. Removed the NIC teaming of the secondary node, since it didnt work anyway. After some standard problems following that, I finally managed to get it up and running again with the old NIC teaming settings on one single physical network card. Now I am not able to reproduce the problem described above. So it is somehow related to the teaming - maybe some kind of bug? Edit: Did some more failing over without being able to make it fail. So removing the NIC team looks like it was a workaround. Now I tried to reestablish the intel NIC teaming with ALB (as it was before) and i still cannot make it fail. This is annoying due to the fact that now i actually cannot pinpoint the root of the problem. Now it just seems to be some kind of MS/intel hick-up - which is hard to accept because what if the problem reoccurs in 14 days? There is a strange thing that happened though. After recreating the NIC team I was not able to rename the team to "PUBLIC" which the old team was called. So something has not been cleaned up in windows - although the server HAS been restarted! Edit: OK after restablishing the ALB teaming the error came back. So I am now going to do some thorough testing and i will get back with my observations. One thing is for sure. It is related to Intel 82575EB NICS, ALB and Gratuitous Arp.

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• Dovecot ignoring maximum number of IMAP connections

  - by Michelle

  I have a single mailbox mail server running Dovecot/Postfix and I have two IMAP clients, Thunderbird on the PC and K9 on Android. I keep on receiving this error in my logs even after I change the 'mail_max_userip_connections' variable to 50. puppet dovecot: imap-login: Maximum number of connections from user+IP exceeded (mail_max_userip_connections=10): user=<[email protected]>, method=PLAIN, rip=62.242.90.2, lip=198.29.31.229, TLS Why does it say that it is set to 10 in the log? Is that hardcoded? grep -r "mail_max_userip_connections" /etc/dovecot /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-managesieve.conf: #mail_max_userip_connections = 10 /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-pop3.conf: #mail_max_userip_connections = 3 /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-imap.conf: mail_max_userip_connections = 50 I've restarted dovecot after making the changes but this error is still logged and I can't access the mailbox. Can anyone help me understand why I can't seem to raise the maximum limit?

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• Cisco router for educational purposes

  - by user39214

  Hey all. I want to buy a Cisco router to use on my home network. I'm just hoping to get a unit that is not too old and is not a SOHO model. I want to run the latest Cisco OS just to learn how Cisco does things. I would use it to divide my network into two or three IP networks, firewalling, etc. I'm just asking for a model name/number. Thanks.

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• How can I find a computer on my network that is doing mass mailings?

  - by Alex Ciarlill

  I was notified by my isp that one of my machines is sending out spam. This happened about 3 months ago on windows machine running cygwin that was hacked due to an SSH vuln. The hackers setup IIS and SMTP. I cleared out the machine and all the services are disabled so I think that machine is okay I am wondering if there is any other way to identify which machine it could be coming from? The ISP has NO useful information such as source port, destination port, destination IP... nothing. I am running DD-WRT on my router, Windows 7 PC and a Windows XP PC.

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• How to talk to a virtual host on a guest OS?

  - by Bernd

  Let's say there is a host OS (Mac OS X) and a virtual machine running Ubuntu as guest OS. The guest OS has the IP 192.186.56.101 and some virtual hosts, e.g. ubuntu.server So, how to really map a request to the virtual host ubuntu.server on the guest OS? I tried: Configure the host OS in /etc/hosts to map ubuntu.server to 192.186.56.101 On the guest OS we have the trouble. It accepts the request for 192.186.56.101 which is not ubuntu.server and therefor the ubuntu.server virtual host will never be requested. Just the localhost on the guest OS. It might surely be possible to simply then use 192.168.56.101. But this would only work for one host per guest OS. Any idea? Or is there a bug in my train of thoughts?

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• What ports does Advantage Database Server need?

  - by asherber

  I have an application which uses ADS and I am attempting to deploy it in a Windows network environment with a rather restrictive firewall. I am having a problem configuring firewall ports appropriately. ADS lives on \\server, and it's listening on port 1234. When \\client tries to connect to \\server\tables, I get Error 6420 (Discovery process failed). When \client tries to connect to \\server:1234\tables, I get error 6097, bad IP address specified in the connection path. \\server is pingable from \\client, and I can telnet to \server:1234. If I try to connect from a client machine inside the firewall, either connection path works fine. It seems there must be something else I need to open in the firewall. Any ideas? Thanks, Aaron. Edit: I should have specified that the firewall is open to \\server:1234 specifically for TCP traffic. Is UDP involved here in some way?

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• Redirect an Apache2 SSL VirtualHost with mod_alias

  - by Jeff

  I want to make sure there aren't any odd behaviors that I don't know about when redirecting a SSL VirtualHost with mod_alias Redirect as outlined by Apache here. My code seems to work, but since SSL virtual hosts are restricted to just one IP address, I want to make sure there aren't any problems eluding me. Explicitly not using TLS. I'm stuck with Apache 2.2 for now. <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName example.com SSLEngine On Redirect 301 / https://www.example.com/ </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName www.example.com SSLEngine On # Do stuff # </VirtualHost> So I guess my question is, should SSL VirtualHost redirection with mod_alias Redirect work the same as non-SSL redirection?

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• DNS record question

  - by Just plain me

  So I have two Windows domains/seperate forests. One forest consist of what is left of the bought-out company's domain. They have 5 servers that still have important data and need to be worked with on a daily basis by a large group of employees. We have a forest level trust setup to ease file access. We manually create DNS A records for the 5 servers so their short names would resolve to the IP addresses. I need the FQDN to resolve though. Should I create CName records to achieve this? I hope this question makes sense, I am learning DNS on the fly... :)

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• What do I do when I get a Linux kernel bug?

  - by raldi

  I just bought a tiny computer called a fit-pc2 which came with a somewhat customized Ubuntu 9.10 installation. uname -a reports: Linux 2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7 SMP Thu Apr 22 17:43:26 IDT 2010 i686 GNU/Linux It seems that after several hours of running with heavy network load, all networking ceases and I get the following in kern.log: BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc0 IP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0150300>] EFLAGS: 00010246 CPU: 1 EIP is at kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 EAX: ff09dfc4 EBX: c180cbac ECX: 0109d000 EDX: f709df98 ESI: f709df98 EDI: c180cba0 EBP: f709dfb8 ESP: f709df90 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: c014c14d c180cba4 00000000 f7084b60 c0150770 f709dfa4 f709dfa4 f7023ef4 <0> c180cba0 c014c0d0 f709dfe0 c015047c 00000000 00000000 00000000 f709dfcc <0> f709dfcc c0150400 00000000 00000000 00000000 c0103ce7 f7023ef4 00000000 Call Trace: [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: a6 8b 55 0c 8d 4d e0 89 f8 89 34 24 e8 7a fd ff ff 89 c3 eb 92 90 90 90 90 90 90 55 64 a1 00 80 76 c0 8b 80 70 02 00 00 89 e5 5d <8b> 40 fc c3 8d b6 00 00 00 00 8d bf 00 00 00 00 55 ba d7 86 62 EIP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 SS:ESP 0068:f709df90 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc0 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf435 ]--- BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc8 IP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0002 [#2] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G D C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0521bc8>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 1 EIP is at _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 EAX: 00000100 EBX: ff09dfc8 ECX: 00000286 EDX: ff09dfc8 ESI: f7084b60 EDI: ff09dfc4 EBP: f709dd88 ESP: f709dd88 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: f709dda4 c0127c0b 00000082 00000001 ff09dfc4 f7084b60 00000000 f709ddd0 <0> c0137fd2 00000086 f70954c4 00000000 f7098480 f709ddf0 f7094fc0 f7084b60 <0> 00000000 00000009 f709ddf0 c013c3f8 00000001 c1807c60 f709ddf0 f7084b60 Call Trace: [<c0127c0b>] ? complete+0x1b/0x60 [<c0137fd2>] ? mm_release+0x52/0xf0 [<c013c3f8>] ? exit_mm+0x18/0x110 [<c013c6db>] ? do_exit+0xfb/0x2e0 [<c013998a>] ? print_oops_end_marker+0x2a/0x30 [<c0522aab>] ? oops_end+0x8b/0xd0 [<c011eac4>] ? no_context+0xb4/0xd0 [<c011eb1d>] ? __bad_area_nosemaphore+0x3d/0x1a0 [<c0133a56>] ? load_balance_newidle+0x96/0x320 [<c011ec92>] ? bad_area_nosemaphore+0x12/0x20 [<c0524106>] ? do_page_fault+0x2f6/0x380 [<c012cc30>] ? finish_task_switch+0x50/0xe0 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0522006>] ? error_code+0x66/0x70 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0150300>] ? kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: 00 00 00 55 89 e5 f0 83 28 01 79 05 e8 02 ff ff ff 5d c3 55 89 c2 89 e5 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c1 fa 90 8d 74 26 00 b8 00 01 00 00 <f0> 66 0f c1 02 38 e0 74 06 f3 90 8a 02 eb f6 89 c8 5d c3 90 8d EIP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 SS:ESP 0068:f709dd88 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc8 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf436 ]--- Fixing recursive fault but reboot is needed! This seems to happen at least once a day. How do I even begin to debug this?

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• What do I do when I get a Linux kernel bug?

  - by raldi

  I just bought a tiny computer called a fit-pc2 which came with a somewhat customized Ubuntu 9.10 installation. uname -a reports: Linux 2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7 SMP Thu Apr 22 17:43:26 IDT 2010 i686 GNU/Linux It seems that after several hours of running with heavy network load, all networking ceases and I get the following in kern.log: BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc0 IP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0150300>] EFLAGS: 00010246 CPU: 1 EIP is at kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 EAX: ff09dfc4 EBX: c180cbac ECX: 0109d000 EDX: f709df98 ESI: f709df98 EDI: c180cba0 EBP: f709dfb8 ESP: f709df90 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: c014c14d c180cba4 00000000 f7084b60 c0150770 f709dfa4 f709dfa4 f7023ef4 <0> c180cba0 c014c0d0 f709dfe0 c015047c 00000000 00000000 00000000 f709dfcc <0> f709dfcc c0150400 00000000 00000000 00000000 c0103ce7 f7023ef4 00000000 Call Trace: [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: a6 8b 55 0c 8d 4d e0 89 f8 89 34 24 e8 7a fd ff ff 89 c3 eb 92 90 90 90 90 90 90 55 64 a1 00 80 76 c0 8b 80 70 02 00 00 89 e5 5d <8b> 40 fc c3 8d b6 00 00 00 00 8d bf 00 00 00 00 55 ba d7 86 62 EIP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 SS:ESP 0068:f709df90 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc0 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf435 ]--- BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc8 IP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0002 [#2] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G D C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0521bc8>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 1 EIP is at _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 EAX: 00000100 EBX: ff09dfc8 ECX: 00000286 EDX: ff09dfc8 ESI: f7084b60 EDI: ff09dfc4 EBP: f709dd88 ESP: f709dd88 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: f709dda4 c0127c0b 00000082 00000001 ff09dfc4 f7084b60 00000000 f709ddd0 <0> c0137fd2 00000086 f70954c4 00000000 f7098480 f709ddf0 f7094fc0 f7084b60 <0> 00000000 00000009 f709ddf0 c013c3f8 00000001 c1807c60 f709ddf0 f7084b60 Call Trace: [<c0127c0b>] ? complete+0x1b/0x60 [<c0137fd2>] ? mm_release+0x52/0xf0 [<c013c3f8>] ? exit_mm+0x18/0x110 [<c013c6db>] ? do_exit+0xfb/0x2e0 [<c013998a>] ? print_oops_end_marker+0x2a/0x30 [<c0522aab>] ? oops_end+0x8b/0xd0 [<c011eac4>] ? no_context+0xb4/0xd0 [<c011eb1d>] ? __bad_area_nosemaphore+0x3d/0x1a0 [<c0133a56>] ? load_balance_newidle+0x96/0x320 [<c011ec92>] ? bad_area_nosemaphore+0x12/0x20 [<c0524106>] ? do_page_fault+0x2f6/0x380 [<c012cc30>] ? finish_task_switch+0x50/0xe0 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0522006>] ? error_code+0x66/0x70 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0150300>] ? kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: 00 00 00 55 89 e5 f0 83 28 01 79 05 e8 02 ff ff ff 5d c3 55 89 c2 89 e5 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c1 fa 90 8d 74 26 00 b8 00 01 00 00 <f0> 66 0f c1 02 38 e0 74 06 f3 90 8a 02 eb f6 89 c8 5d c3 90 8d EIP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 SS:ESP 0068:f709dd88 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc8 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf436 ]--- Fixing recursive fault but reboot is needed! This seems to happen at least once a day. How do I even begin to debug this?

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• Cutting users off in Windows console sessions

  - by RoRy

  I'm currently working in a company where many of us log onto hosts/servers under Windows Server 2008 via console session. If one person is logged on and another tries it causes the person who was logged on first (and maybe doing something important) to be cut off. Is there such a thing as an application for such events where before logging on people can see if any other IP address is controlling the host/server? Also, if the person on the console session had the ability to leave a note for anybody thinking of taking over the session of when they are finished etc.. I have many other ideas for such things but could someone tell me if such an application exists?

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• How do I securely execute commands as root via a web control panel?

  - by Chris J

  I would like to build a very simple PHP based web based control panel to add and remove users to/from and add and remove sections to/from nginx config files on my linode vps (Ubuntu 8.04 LTS). What is the most secure way of executing commands as root based on input from a web based control panel? I am loathe to run PHP as root (even if behind an IP tables firewall) for the obvious reasons. Suggestions welcome. It must be possible as several commercial (and bloated, for my needs) control panels offer similar functionality. Thanks

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• Set up linux box for hosting a-z

  - by microchasm

  I am in the process of reinstalling the OS on a machine that will be used to host a couple of apps for our business. The apps will be local only; access from external clients will be via vpn only. The prior setup used a hosting control panel (Plesk) for most of the admin, and I was looking at using another similar piece of software for the reinstall - but I figured I should finally learn how it all works. I can do most of the things the software would do for me, but am unclear on the symbiosis of it all. This is all an attempt to further distance myself from the land of Configuration Programmer/Programmer, if at all possible. I can't find a full walkthrough anywhere for what I'm looking for, so I thought I'd put up this question, and if people can help me on the way I will edit this with the answers, and document my progress/pitfalls. Hopefully someday this will help someone down the line. The details: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 httpd: Apache/2.2.3 mysql: 5.0.77 (to be upgraded) php: 5.1 (to be upgraded) The requirements: SECURITY!! Secure file transfer Secure client access (SSL Certs and CA) Secure data storage Virtualhosts/multiple subdomains Local email would be nice, but not critical The Steps: Download latest CentOS DVD-iso (torrent worked great for me). Install CentOS: While going through the install, I checked the Server Components option thinking I was going to be using another Plesk-like admin. In hindsight, considering I've decided to try to go my own way, this probably wasn't the best idea. Basic config: Setup users, networking/ip address etc. Yum update/upgrade. Upgrade PHP/MySQL: To upgrade PHP and MySQL to the latest versions, I had to look to another repo outside CentOS. IUS looks great and I'm happy I found it! Add IUS repository to our package manager cd /tmp wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm yum list | grep -w \.ius\. # list all the packages in the IUS repository; use this to find PHP/MySQL version and libraries you want to install Remove old version of PHP and install newer version from IUS rpm -qa | grep php # to list all of the installed php packages we want to remove yum shell # open an interactive yum shell remove php-common php-mysql php-cli #remove installed PHP components install php53 php53-mysql php53-cli php53-common #add packages you want transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Apr 6 2010 18:13:45) Upgrade MySQL from IUS repository /etc/init.d/mysqld stop rpm -qa | grep mysql # to see installed mysql packages yum shell remove mysql mysql-server #remove installed MySQL components install mysql51 mysql51-server mysql51-devel transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell service mysqld start mysql -v Server version: 5.1.42-ius Distributed by The IUS Community Project Upgrade instructions courtesy of IUS wiki: http://wiki.iuscommunity.org/Doc/ClientUsageGuide Install rssh (restricted shell) to provide scp and sftp access, without allowing ssh login cd /tmp wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rssh/rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm useradd -m -d /home/dev -s /usr/bin/rssh dev passwd dev Edit /etc/rssh.conf to grant access to SFTP to rssh users. vi /etc/rssh.conf Uncomment or add: allowscp allowsftp This allows me to connect to the machine via SFTP protocol in Transmit (my FTP program of choice; I'm sure it's similar with other FTP apps). rssh instructions appropriated (with appreciation!) from http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-unix-restrict-shell-access-with-rssh.html Set up virtual interfaces ifconfig eth1:1 192.168.1.3 up #start up the virtual interface cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ cp ifcfg-eth1 ifcfg-eth1:1 #copy default script and match name to our virtual interface vi ifcfg-eth1:1 #modify eth1:1 script #ifcfg-eth1:1 | modify so it looks like this: DEVICE=eth1:1 IPADDR=192.168.1.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ONBOOT=yes NAME=eth1:1 Add more Virtual interfaces as needed by repeating. Because of the ONBOOT=yes line in the ifcfg-eth1:1 file, this interface will be brought up when the system boots, or the network starts/restarts. service network restart Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ] ping 192.168.1.3 64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms And this is where I'm at. I will keep editing this as I make progress. Any tips on how to Configure virtual interfaces/ip based virtual hosts for SSL, setting up a CA, or anything else would be appreciated.

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• performance block countries using iptables /netfilter

  - by markus

  It's easy to block IPs from country using iptables (e.g. like http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/block-entier-country-using-iptables/). However I read that the performance can go down if the deny list get too large. An alternative is installing the iptables geoip patch or using ipset ( http://www.jsimmons.co.uk/2010/06/08/using-ipset-with-iptables-in-ubuntu-lts-1004-to-block-large-ip-ranges/) instead of iptables. Does anyone have experience with the various approaches and can say something about the performance differences ? Are there are other ways to block country IPs in linux which I did't mentioned above?

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• Allow VMWare client to connect only via VPN

  - by Frank Meulenaar

  I have a VMWare (currently using Workstation on Vista, but thinking about switching to ESX) client with Windows XP. I've installed OpenVPN in the client and it connects to the corporate VPN server. I want to make sure that all traffic from the Windows XP machine goes trough this VPN tunnel, but I can't change any settings on the corporate VPN server. Is it possible to restrict the internet connectivity of the Windows XP client in such a way that it can only send packets to the IP of the corporate VPN server? In that way it'd be impossible for packets to bypass the tunnel. I've looked at NAT configurations but couldn't see how I could make this setup.

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• iproute2 premptive route creation, i think....

  - by Bryan Hunt

  Firstly: I know could do this the easy way with SSH but I want to learn how to route. I want to route packets back through the same tun0 interface from which they came into my system. I can do it for single routes. This works: sudo ip route add 74.52.23.120 metric 2 via 10.8.0.1 But i'd have to add them manually for each request that came down the pipe I've taken the blue pill and followed the http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.netfilter.html: Netfilter & iproute - marking packets tutorial But it's oriented towards redirecting OUTGOING packets based upon markers What I want is for a packet that comes in via tun0 not to be dropped which is what's happening right now, running scappy or suchlike to receive packets it doesn't seem to be receiving anything. Watching in wireshark I see the initial SYN packets coming in on the tun0 interface but that's as far as it gets without a static route as shown above. Am I nuts?

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• How can I log all traffic with its exact length?

  - by Legate

  I want to process all packets with their size going through our gateway server (running Debian 4.0). My idea is to use tcpdump, but I have two questions. The command I'm currently thinking of is tcpdump -i iface -n -t -q. Is it guaranteed that tcpdump will process all packets? What happens if the CPU is working to full capacity? The format of the output lines is IP ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd.port > ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd.port: tcp 1260. What exactly is 1260? I have the suspicion that it is the payload in bytes of the packet, which would be exactly what I need, but I'm not sure. It might be the TCP Window Size. Or perhaps there is an even better way of doing this? I thought about a LOG rule in iptables, but tcpdump seems easier and I don't know whether iptables can log the packet lengths.

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• Difference between multiple NS and NS having multiple A

  - by Jake

  I found this Can an NS Record Point To Multiple A Records?, but wonders what is the difference, if any. For example: mydomain.com. IN NS ns1.myhost.com. mydomain.com. IN NS ns2.myhost.com. ns1.myhost.com. IN A 111.222.333.1 ns2.myhost.com. IN A 111.222.333.2 versus mydomain.com. IN NS ns.myhost.com. ns.myhost.com. IN A 111.222.333.1 ns.myhost.com. IN A 111.222.333.2 EDIT: actually, come to think of it, it could be said the same for MX records. Any breaking differences? EDIT 2: then again, MX allow use of priority values so its a different case, in that one-ip-per-domain is more useful sometimes.

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• Win7 Prof. Computer won't wake on lan via Magic Packet from outside network

  - by Michael

  Hi all. I just purchased a new computer running Windows 7 Professional x64. I'd like to save power by having it sleep after an hour, but I would also like to be able to Remote Desktop into it at my leisure. I set up a static IP and have port forwarding set up on the router. If the computer is awake, the RDP connection works just fine. I downloaded and installed Wake-On-Lan thanks to this article If I put my new computer to sleep and send the magic packet from my old computer inside of my home network it wakes up. If I do the same thing, however, from my work computer outside the network it does not. I figured the Firewall was blocking the incoming traffic, but nothing in the Windows Firewall logs points to this happening. I'm wondering if anyone has any suggestions or any tests I can run through in order to narrow down what the problem might be. Thanks in advance for any help you might be able to offer.

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