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  • How long does an ext4 format take?

    - by Bill O'Dwyer
    The USB cable on my Iomega Prestige 1TB hard drive conked out a while back, and I've finally managed to get a new one. I removed the old NTFS file system because I use Windows maybe once a month, and then only for Windows-only activities. So I plug in the HDD to my laptop, and get it to start converting to ext4. Gparted is currently on the "create new ext4 file system" and has been for about 2 hours. Is this right? I know 1TB is fairly large, but the last time I did this, I'm pretty sure it was a fast(er) job.Can anybody shed some light on what's going on here?

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  • compiz hiding unity and all menus

    - by Lennart Guldbrandsson
    After updating to Ubuntu 11.10, I was severly disturbed by Dash and wanted to go back to Ubuntu Classic. So I tried to read up, and found Compiz SettingsManager. In there, I clicked "on" never hide menus. For some reason this made all my menus at the top of the screen (volume, network, my login identity, and shutoff, etc) disappear - as well as the quickstart menu to the left (Unity). I am not very technical, so I have a hard time finding any programs now, and I just got on the internet by clicking on a link in a document, that I was fortunate to have on my Desktop. Without it, I wouldn't be able to ask for help. What I wish for is a) to get back the menu at the top, b) to restore the Ubuntu Classic without the irritating launcher and Dash, c) these two things to not disappear every time there is a new version of Ubuntu. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • How to keep balance / Unlock items / achievement rules

    - by Mark Knol
    I'm working on an engine for a game, too learn javascript and just because its fun. I'm a flashdeveloper, I know how to build websites. Now making games is a different challenge, javascript is a challenge, but I'd love to learn how to structure code and what patterns are common. I dont mind if the game ever finish, I'm mostly interested in the programming part of it. I dont have a particular endresult in mind, so I'll see where it takes me. I currently have a system where you can buy items. The items cost a specified amount of gold, silver, diamonds etc. When you have selected and bought the item, it takes time before getting rewarded. When time is over, you are getting rewarded with other properties (gold, energy, diamonds). For example, you can buy an apple for 50gold, It takes a minute, you get rewarded with 75energy. Or if you take a run, it cost 50energy, it takes 5minutes, reward is 25gold and 25silver. These definitions is what i call actions. Currently I already have a system where this already works and I can define as much actions with as much properties as I want. The definitions I have kinda looks like this: {id:101, category:544, onInit:{gold:-75}, onComplete:{energy:75}, time:2000, name:"Apple", locked: false} {id:102, category:544, onInit:{gold:-135}, onComplete:{energy:145}, time:2000, name:"Banana", locked: false} {id:106, category:302, onInit:{energy:-50, power: -25}, onComplete:{gold:100, diamonds:2}, time:10000, name:"Run", locked: false} {id:107, category:302, onInit:{energy:-70, silver: -55}, onComplete:{gold:100}, time:10000, name:"Dance", locked: false} {id:108, category:302, onInit:{energy:-230, power: -355}, onComplete:{gold:70, silver:70}, time:10000, name:"Fitness", locked: false} Now, I would love to add a system where I can lock/unlock the actions using achievement rules. Lets say, if you buy 10 apples, you unlock a new action, like bananas which cost more, and reward more. In the future I maybe want to restrict achievements and actions to levels. I am kinda stuck how to structure this. I have 2 questions: Which patterns are used to define achievements? How/where are they defined? Should it be part of the action, or should it be a separate controller? Is it a good idea to register all completed actions to it? I think I want multiple types of achievement rules, Id love to hear some ideas how to develop it. How do you create/find a good balance, so the user does not get stuck or can cheat by repeat a pattern of actions to get too much rewards. I know there is not a simple answer and i'm lacking of a good game-concept, but I wonder if anyone created such a game and how you dealed and played with it.

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  • Kindle Paperwhite Jailbroken; Ready for Custom Screensavers

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    If you’re already longing for some custom screensavers on your new Kindle Paperwhite, you’re in luck. The new Kindle has been jailbroken, opening it up to all sorts of custom hacks and modifications. For extra guidance on what to do once you’ve jailbroken, check out our guide to adding the screensaver hack and creating/adding screensaver images–make sure to grab the updated screensaver hack while you’re at it. Kindle 5.1.x Jailbreak [via Hack A Day] 7 Ways To Free Up Hard Disk Space On Windows HTG Explains: How System Restore Works in Windows HTG Explains: How Antivirus Software Works

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  • EPM 11.1.2.2.000 release - considerations

    - by THE
    (guest Article by Nancy) Please be aware with the upcoming release of EPM v11.1.2.2.000, it is highly recommended you first read the"ORACLE® ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 11.1.2.2.000 Readme" prior to installing this release. We want to highlight the "Installation Information" section which includes the following late-breaking information: Business Rules Migration to Calculation Manager Oracle Hyperion Calculation Manager has replaced Oracle Hyperion Business Rules as the mechanism for designing and managing business rules, therefore, Business Rules is no longer released with EPM System Release 11.1.2.2. If you are applying 11.1.2.2 as a maintenance release, or upgrading to Release 11.1.2.2, and have been using Business Rules in an earlier release, you must migrate to Calculation Manager rules in Release 11.1.2.2. (See Oracle Enterprise Performance Management System Installation and Configuration Guide.) Planning User Interface Enhancements This release of Planning includes a large number of user interface enhancements, as described in Oracle Hyperion Planning New Features. To optimize performance with these new features, you must implement the following recommended configuration. Server: 64-bit, 16 GB physical RAM Client: Optimized for Internet Explorer 9 and Firefox 10 or higher Client-to-Server Connectivity: High-speed internet connection or VPN connection between client and server, client-to-server ping time < 150 milliseconds for best performance The new, improved Planning user interface requires efficient browsers to handle interactivity provided through Web 2.0 like functionality. In our testing, Internet Explorer 7, Internet Explorer 8, and Firefox 3.x are not sufficient to handle such interactivity, and the responsiveness in these versions of browsers is not as fast as the user interface in the previous releases of Planning. For this reason, we strongly recommend that you upgrade your browser to Internet Explorer 9 or Firefox 10 to get responsiveness similar to what you experienced in previous releases. In some instances, the response times in Internet Explorer 7, Internet Explorer 8 and Firefox 3.x could be acceptable. Hence, we suggest that you uptake the new user interface only after you conduct an end user response test and you are satisfied with the results of these tests for these versions of browsers. Please note that it is still possible to leverage the old user interface and features from Planning Release 11.1.2.1. (For more information, see “Using the Planning Release 11.1.2.1 User Interface and Features” in the Oracle Hyperion Planning Administrator's Guide.) IBM HTTP Server and IIS Default Ports Both IBM HTTP Server and IIS Web Server use 80 as their default port. If you are using WebSphere, you must change one of these defaults so that there is no port conflict. If you have further questions, please utilize the  Planning or Essbase MOS Community.

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  • How to make "xrandr" work with GMA500?

    - by Nwbie
    Is it error at driver of graphic chip or Xorg or kernel? I am Asus T91mt with GMA500, Ubuntu 12.04.1. I would like too see only a notice of connection at least. A log of xrandr: $ lspci | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation System Corporation System Controller Hub (SCH Poulcbo) Graphics Controller (rev 07) vp@vc:~$ xrandr --verbose xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Screen 0: minimum 1024 x 600, current 1024 x 600, maximum 1024 x 600 default connected 1024x600+0+0 (0x138) normal (normal) 0mm x 0mm Identifier: 0x137 Timestamp: 26863 Subpixel: unknown Clones: CRTC: 0 CRTCs: 0 Transform: 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 filter: 1024x600 (0x138) 0.0MHz *current h: width 1024 start 0 end 0 total 1024 skew 0 clock 0.0KHz v: height 600 start 0 end 0 total 600 clock 0.0Hz vp@vc:~$ xrandr --prop xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Screen 0: minimum 1024 x 600, current 1024 x 600, maximum 1024 x 600 default connected 1024x600+0+0 0mm x 0mm 1024x600 0.0* vp@vc:~$ Please help, i am linux newbie and i am tired ;/

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  • What does intermittent "Input/output error" suggest?

    - by dan
    Lately my Ubuntu 12 system has started acting very strange. Sometimes the computer freezes and then unfreezes 2 minutes later, and other times when I try a basic command like less I get the error bash: /usr/bin/less: Input/output error. But this is intermittent too. Any suggestions? Also if I try sudo reboot and enter my password, I get sudo: unable to open /var/lib/sudo/plato/7: Read-only file system Before I used to be able to do sudo reboot fine. If I tail /var/log/syslog I do see these curious lines: .... ata1: softreset failed (device not ready) .... ata1: hard resettting link .... ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) What can I do to fix this?

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  • Managing Files/Folder in Content Repositories or File Systems with Oracle ADF and WebCenter

    - by Shay Shmeltzer
    One more entry in a set of entries (1,2,3) about the capabilities that WebCenter adds to ADF applications. WebCenter is basically the new Portal framework in the Oracle stack - and one key thing that portals do is work with content, allowing you to compose and publish content from files as well as save and store content. In this demo you'll see how using a set of taskflows provided by WebCenter you can add a file management, creation and viewing capabilities to a regular ADF application. To try this out you don't need any fancy content management system - we'll just use your file system for now. All you need is the WebCenter extension installed in JDeveloper, and then you can follow the demo on your own JDeveloper instance. You'll define a connection to your content repository you'll be able to add a bunch of pre-built WebCenter taskflows into your page. And suddenly you can upload/download/create and view document directly from your applicaiton. Check it out:

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  • why is emacs allowing multiple instances?

    - by Chad
    Around the time I fresh installed Ubuntu 12.04, I noticed that I can start multiple instances of Emacs. I find this annoying because I will think that a buffer should be open, but I'm in the wrong Emacs window. I may have changed something in .emacs, but I really don't think I did. I also reverted all of my customizations that are stored in ~/.emacs.d/custom.el. Emacs previously would give some error about another emacs server being open when I would attempt to start an additional instance of it, but it no longer does this. Any ideas on how to restore this behavior?

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  • 64 bit Ubuntu sees half my RAM

    - by koehn
    This is on my AMD FX(tm)-4100 Quad-Core Processor (according to /proc/cpuinfo) on a machine with two 4GB RAM DIMMs. BIOS shows 8GB RAM installed. Any help would be appreciated. RAM: Extreme Performance Sector 5 G Series 8GB DDR3-1333 (PC3-1066) Enhanced Latency Dual Channel Desktop Memory Kit (Two 4GB Memory Modules) MB: GA-78LMT-S2P Socket AM3+ 760G mATX AMD Motherboard CPU: FX 4100 Black Edition 3.6GHz Quad-Core Socket AM3+ Boxed Processor Here's what the software says: $ free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3515100 3293656 221444 0 19260 2670352 -/+ buffers/cache: 604044 2911056 Swap: 3650556 90916 3559640 $ uname -a Linux mythbuntu 3.2.0-30-generic #48-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 24 16:52:48 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux From lshw: *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 20 slot: System board or motherboard size: 4GiB *-bank:0 description: DIMM 1066 MHz (0.9 ns) product: None vendor: None physical id: 0 serial: None slot: A0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1066MHz (0.9ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM 1066 MHz (0.9 ns) product: None vendor: None physical id: 1 serial: None slot: A1 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1066MHz (0.9ns)

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  • Cannot mount one usb disc, although other mounts automatically after 12.10 upgrade

    - by Allen Williams
    Since upgrading to 12.10, switching on or attempting to mount one of my usb hard drives gives this error message: Error mounting system-managed device /dev/sdg1: Command-line `mount "/mnt/usb-ST350041_8AS_60CAFFFFFFFF-0:0-part1"' exited with non-zero exit status 32: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdg1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so dmesg | tail gives (inter alia): [ 1080.727830] sdg: sdg1 [ 1080.732003] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdg] Attached SCSI disk [ 1081.383633] FAT-fs (sdg1): Unrecognized mount option "x-gvfs-show" or missing value [ 1871.160973] sdg: sdg1 The drive cannot be mounted, but is recognized by the system as a "place". I am not a technical bod; I cannot take this further myself and any help would be much appreciated.

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  • Configurable tables in sql database

    - by dot
    I have the following tables in my database: Config Table: ====================================== Start_Range | End Range | Config_id 10 | 15 | 1 ====================================== Available_UserIDs ========================== ID | UserID | Used_YN | 1 | 10 | t | 1 | 11 | f | 1 | 12 | f | 1 | 13 | f | 1 | 14 | f | 1 | 15 | f | ========================== Users ========================== UserId | FName | LName | 10 |John | Doe | ========================== This is used in a reservation system of sorts... which lets an administrator specify a range of numbers that will be assigned to users in the config table. Once the range has been defined, the system then populates the Available_userIDs table with all the numbers in between the range, and sets the Used_YN flag to false As users sign up, they grab the next user_id number that's not in use... and reserve it. Then the system adds a record to the Users table. Once the admin has specified a range, it is possible that they can change it. For example, they can start with 10-15... and then when the range is used up, they should be able to specify another range like 16 - 99. I've put a unique constraint on the Available_UserIDs table, as well as on the Users table - to ensure that UserIds can't be duplicated. My questions are as follows: What's the best way to prevent the admins from using a range that's already in use? I thought of the following options: -- check either the Users table to see if the start range or ending range numbers are being used. If they are, assume that all the numbers in between are in use too, and reject the range. -- let them specify whatever they want, try to populate the Available_UserIDs table. If there are duplicates, just ignore that specific error message from the database and continue on. How do I find gaps in the number ranges? For example, if they specify 10-15, and then 20-25, it'd be nice to be able to somehow suggest on my web page that 16-19 is currently available. I found this article: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1312101/how-to-find-a-gap-in-running-counter-with-sql But it only seems to return the first available number... so in my example above, it would only return the number 16. I'm sure there's a simpler way to do things that I'm overlooking!

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  • Ubuntu Server 13.04.3 doesn't boot w/ EFI

    - by user1004816
    I'm was actually trying to install Debian Wheezy (which failed horribly), then tried Ubuntu Server 13.04 and got the exact same problems as w/ Debian: After installing, the system doesn't show any boot-selection and tells me "Missing operating system". My setup is pretty simple: /dev/sdc - 1TB HDD (+ 3 other NTFS HDD) /dev/sdc1 - EFI, 100MiB, bootable /dev/sdc4 - ext4, 65GiB, Ubuntu/Debian (sdc2 & 3 are NTFS w/ data. Sorta lacking SATA-ports, therefore no OS-only HDD/SSD) Grub seems to be installed on /dev/sdc4, /dev/sdc1 only contains a "EFI"-folder. Not sure if thats correct. I used UNetbootin on OS X to make an 8GB USB-drive bootable and used the standard amd64-iso, running a perl-script wich eradicates a couple of naming-errors (different story). Using this tutorial and actually disabling UEFI and using legacy only dind't work either, the usb drive dind't even bother to boot. I'm pretty clueless here. I'd just like to install and use either Debian oder Ubuntu Server!

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  • Ubuntu on a virtual machine

    - by Barry Miller
    I've installed Virtual Box and am trying to install Ubuntu 12.04 from a downloaded ISO. Everything is going fine but I come to a choice that says no operating system is dectected on this machine, what would you like to do? 1)Erase disk and install Ubuntu (this will erase any files on the disk) or 2) Something else (choose partition size, multiple partitions, etc). Does the first option mean erase all files on the VIRTUAL DISK--NOT THE COMPUTER? Is it just talking about the virtual machine or if I select this option will it erase my Windows operating system and other files on my hard drive?

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  • GNOME 3.2 Menu Not Loading

    - by chazdg
    Gnome 3.2 Menu is not loading. I wanted to add a minimize and maximize to the right of my windows. So I did the following: gconftool-2 --set /apps/metacity/general/button_layout --type string "menu:minimize,maximize,close" logout and login that it per the instructions of this website: Instructions I logged out and back in and that was it. No menu. Help!!! By the way, there is a fix on this website to restore Gnome. However it did not work. Another odd thing was that Gnome Tweak Tool is black under the Shell Extension tab.

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  • Would you use UML if it kept stakeholders from requesting changes frequently?

    - by Huperniketes
    As much as programmers hate to document their code/system and draw UML (especially, Sequencing, Activity and State machine diagrams) or other diagramming notation, would you agree to do it if it kept managers from requesting a "minor change" every couple of weeks? IOW, would you put together visual models to document the system if it helped you demonstrate to managers what the effect of changes are and why it takes so long to implement them? (Edited to help programmers understand what type of answer I'm looking for.) 2nd edit: Restating my question again, "Would you be willing to use some diagramming notation, against your better nature as a programmer, if it helped you manage change requests?" This question isn't asking if there might be something wrong with the process. It's a given that there's something wrong with the process. Would you be willing to do more work to improve it?

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  • recover data in linux removed with rm

    - by user3717896
    Today i deleted my home directory (in wrong action) with: sudo rm -rf * And when i use extundelete i get this message: root@ubuntu:~# sudo extundelete --restore-directory /home/hamed/ /dev/sda2WARNING: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 746 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 29931 descriptors loaded. Searching for recoverable inodes in directory /home/hamed/ ... 498 recoverable inodes found. Looking through the directory structure for deleted files ... 498 recoverable inodes still lost. No files were undeleted. why it can't recover? Anyone can help me to return my Desktop, Documents and etc? I have ubuntu 14.04.

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  • Full disk encryption with seperate boot and encrypted keyfile storage: Two-Form Authentication

    - by Cain
    I am trying to setup true Full Disk encryption with two-form authentication on 12.04 and can not find out how to call a keyfile for the encrypted root out of another encrypted partition. All documentation or questions I am finding for whole or full disk encryption only encrypts separate partitions on the same disk. This is not what most are calling full disk encryption, /boot is not on a partition on the root drive, rather it is on a usb stick as sdx1. Instead root is on a logical partition on top of a LUKS container. Luks is run on the whole disk, encrypting the partition table as well. All drives in the machine are completely encrypted and to open it it requires a USB drive (what I have) as well as a passphrase (what I know) resulting in Two-Form Authentication to boot the machine. Device sdx cryptroot vg00 lvroot / There is no passphrase to open the encrypted root device, only a keyfile. That keyfile is kept on the usb drive with /boot, in its own encrypted partition (I'll call this cryptkey). In order for the root file system (cryptroot) to be opened, initramfs must ask for the passphrase to cryptkey on the usb drive, then use the keyfile inside that to open cryproot. I did manage to find what I think is the how-to I used to do this once before: http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/UbuntuHelp:FeistyLUKSTwoFormFactor I already have the system installed and can chroot into it, however, I can not get it to call for the keys on the USB during boot. I did find a how-to saying I needed to make a cryptroot conf for initramfs but, I believe that is for a passphrase: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemLVMHowto#Notes_for_making_it_work_in_Ubuntu_12.04_.22Precise_Pangolin.22_amd64 I also tried to setup crypttab. However, crypttab only works for drives mounted after the root drive as calling for a keyfile on a device not yet mounted to the system doesnt work. The Feisty how-to included scripts that would be run during boot instructing initramfs to mount the usb drive temporarily and call the keyfile for root which worked quite well except those scripts are outdated now, many of the things they relied on have been merged into something else, changed, or simply don't exist anymore. If I have missed a clear how-to for this, that would be wonderful, I just don't think I have.

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  • Upgraded to 11.10 lost personal folders, Ubuntu one shows no files

    - by Kevin
    Upgraded to 11.04, from 10.10 system would only come up in terminal mode, but it told me that an additional upgrade was available and did I want to do that. Foolishly thinking that might fix the problem, I said yes. This time it did not make it all the way through the upgrade, when I came back to the computer over an hour later, the screen was filled with an error message "could not open display", had to reboot. Went to recovery mode on reboot to install nvidia module, when I rebooted system came up fine, but without carrying over my personal folders, I have the home folder, but no personal named folder in it. Came to Ubuntu One, but gives error message; File Sync error. (org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NoReply: Did not receive a reply. Possible causes include: the remote application did not send a reply, the message bus security policy blocked Is the a way around this in order to restore my files? I know my files existed on Ubuntu one as of a few months ago.

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  • Distributed Transaction Framework across webservices

    - by John Petrak
    I am designing a new system that has one central web service and several site web services which are spread across the country and some overseas. It has some data that must be identical on all sites. So my plan is to maintain that data in the central web service and then "sync" the data to sites. This includes inserts, edits and deletes. I see a problem when deleting, if one site has used the record, then I need to undo the delete that has happened on the other servers. This lead me to idea that I need some sort of transaction system that can work across different web servers. Before I design one from scratch, I would like to know if anyone has come across this sort of problem and if there are any frame works or even design patterns that might aid me?

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  • Xubuntu 14.04 will not boot after preseed installation

    - by Christian
    I recently set up Xubuntu 14.04 installation using preseed, and ran into a couple of problems during boot time. At first, right after the installation completed during first boot the system complained about /tmp not being mounted and did not proceed any further. I was able to fix that problem by making an entry for /tmp in /etc/fstab like so: tmpfs /tmp tmpfs optional,nodev,nosuid 0 0 This worked for a while (and still does for workstations that are already running), but newly installed machines are broken. They do not complain like before, but take forever to boot (2h) and it seems the root partition is mounted read only and you cannot do anything useful with the system. Any ideas on what to do? You can find the presseed file here Thanks in advance Update: If I get it to boot once via some magic in rescue mode (like simply mounting the root partition read-write, then resume boot) it will work forever. While this is a workaround, it is no option to do this for every installation.

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  • How to handle updated configuration when it's already been cloned for editing

    - by alexrussell
    Really sorry about the title that probably doesn't make much sense. Hopefully I can explain myself better here as it's something that's kinda bugged me for ages, and is now becoming a pressing concern as I write a bit of software with configuration. Most software comes with default configuration options stored in the app itself, and then there's a configuration file (let's say) that a user can edit. Once created/edited for the first time, subsequent updates to the application can not (easily) modify this configuration file for fear of clobbering the user's own changes to the default configuration. So my question is, if my application adds a new configurable parameter, what's the best way to aid discoverability of the setting and allow the user (developer) to override it as nicely as possible given the following constraints: I actually don't have a canonical default config in the application per se, it's more of a 'cascading filesystem'-like affair - the config template is stored in default/config.json and when the user wishes to edit the configuration, it's copied to user/config.json. If a user config is found it is used - there is no automatic overriding of a subset of keys, the whole new file is used and that's that. If there's no user config the default config is used. When a user wishes to edit the config they run a command to 'generate' it for them (which simply copies the config.json file from the default to the user directory). There is no UI for the configuration options as it's not appropriate to the userbase (think of my software as a library or something, the users are developers, the config is done in the user/config.json file). Due to my software being library-like there's no simple way to, on updating of the software, run some tasks automatically (so any ideas of look at the current config, compare to template config, add ing missing keys) aren't appropriate. The only solution I can think of right now is to say "there's a new config setting X" in release notes, but this doesn't seem ideal to me. If you want any more information let me know. The above specifics are not actually 100% true to my situation, but they represent the problem equally well with lower complexity. If you do want specifics, however, I can explain the exact setup. Further clarification of the type of configuration I mean: think of the Atom code editor. There appears to be a default 'template' config file somewhere, but as soon as a configuration option is edited ~/.atom/config.cson is generated and the setting goes in there. From now on is Atom is updated and gets a new configuration key, this file cannot be overwritten by Atom without a lot of effort to ensure that the addition/modification of the key does not clobber. In Atom's case, because there is a GUI for editing settings, they can get away with just adding the UI for the new setting into the UI to aid 'discoverability' of the new setting. I don't have that luxury. Clarification of my constraints and what I'm actually looking for: The software I'm writing is actually a package for a larger system. This larger system is what provides the configuration, and the way it works is kinda fixed - I just do a config('some.key') kinda call and it knows to look to see if the user has a config clone and if so use it, otherwise use the default config which is part of my package. Now, while I could make my application edit the user's configuration files (there is a convention about where they're stored), it's generally not done, so I'd like to live with the constraints of the system I'm using if possible. And it's not just about discoverability either, one large concern is that the addition of a configuration key won't actually work as soon as the user has their own copy of the original template. Adding the key to the template won't make a difference as that file is never read. As such, I think this is actually quite a big flaw in the design of the configuration cascading system and thus needs to be taken up with my upstream. So, thinking about it, based on my constraints, I don't think there's going to be a good solution save for either editing the user's configuration or using a new config file every time there are updates to the default configuration. Even the release notes idea from above isn't doable as, if the user does not follow the advice, suddenly I have a config key with no value (user-defined or default). So the new question is this: what is the general way to solve the problem of having a default configuration in template config files and allowing a user to make user-specific version of these in order to override the defaults? A per-key cascade (rather than per-file cascade) where the user only specifies their overrides? In this case, what happens if a configuration value is an array - do we replace or append to the default (or, more realistically, how does the user specify whether they wish to replace or append to)? It seems like configuration is kinda hard, so how is it solved in the wild?

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  • What data counters / meters are available?

    - by Santosh
    Actually I have a wireless 3G modem that works well on Windows based operating system, its interface software were made Windows centric. It can still connect to internet on Ubuntu or other linux based operating system but it won't show the data counter (the interface which shows how much data has been transferred, at what speed). If I continue to surf internet in Linux then I won't have any idea how much data has been used and it would become heavy on my pocket. So I just want a software that let me know how much data has been transferred, if there is a limiter; that warns or disconnects me when I reach predefined MBs then its better. Please let me know if there is any software or script or something like that already there.

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