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• Webmatrix The Site has Stopped Fix

  - by Tarun Arora

  I just got started with AzureWebSites by creating a website by choosing the Wordpress template. Next I tried to install WebMatrix so that I could run the website locally. Every time I tried to run my website from WebMatrix I hit the message “The following site has stopped ‘xxx’” Step 00 – Analysis It took a bit of time to figure out that WebMatrix makes use of IISExpress. But it was easy to figure out that IISExpress was not showing up in the system tray when I started WebMatrix. This was a good indication that IISExpress is having some trouble starting up. So, I opened CMD prompt and tried to run IISExpress.exe this resulted in the below error message So, I ran IISExpress.exe /trace:Error this gave more detailed reason for failure Step 1 – Fixing “The following site has stopped ‘xxx’” Further analysis revealed that the IIS Express config file had been corrupted. So, I navigated to C:\Users\<UserName>\Documents\IISExpress\config and deleted the files applicationhost.config, aspnet.config and redirection.config (please take a backup of these files before deleting them). Come back to CMD and run IISExpress /trace:Error IIS Express successfully started and parked itself in the system tray icon. I opened up WebMatrix and clicked Run, this time the default site successfully loaded up in the browser without any failures. Step 2 – Download WordPress Azure WebSite using WebMatrix Because the config files ‘applicationhost.config’, ‘aspnet.config’ and ‘redirection.config’ were deleted I lost the settings of my Azure based WordPress site that I had downloaded to run from WebMatrix. This was simple to sort out… Open up WebMatrix and go to the Remote tab, click on Download Export the PublishSettings file from Azure Management Portal and upload it on the pop up you get when you had clicked Download in the previous step Now you should have your Azure WordPress website all set up & running from WebMatrix. Enjoy!

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• Can't connect to Internet through WiFi, but can with cable

  - by aldy505

  I'm using Windows 7 32-bit, Toshiba Portege laptop. I want to connect to the WiFi, usually I can do that easily. But, I don't know.. maybe when I tried to install a Microsoft Research: Mesh Virtual WiFi that could connect more than 2 wireless networks. I wanna try in connecting both Wireless router and my personal Ad-Hoc. Now, my laptop don't recognize my WiFi, well, I can connect to the WiFi but it says: "Limited access" and doesn't really connect to the internet. But when I plug the LAN cable, it works. I know the problem is in the laptop's wireless connection or in the properties. Any help for this? UPDATE: The IP and DNS settings, I set to automatic, and when I ran diagnostic, Windows tells me that the wireless network adapter is the problem, but they told me to insert the LAN cable, so how to fix the wireless? They didn't tell me how to fix that.

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• Putting our OLTP and OLAP services on the same cluster

  - by Dynamo

  We're currently in a bit of a debate about what to do with our scattered SQL environment. We are setting up a cluster for our data warehouses for sure and are now in the process of deciding if our OLTP databases should go on the same one. The cluster will be active/active with database services running on one node and reporting and analytical services on the other node. From a technical standpoint I don't see an issue here. With the services being run on different nodes they shouldn't compete too heavily for resources. The only physical resource that may be an issue would be the shared disk space. Our environment is also quite small. Our biggest OLAP database at the moment is only about 40GB and our OLTP are all under 10GB. I see a potential political issue here as different groups are involved but I'm just strictly wondering if there would be any major technical issues that could arise from this setup.

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• Is there any way to see the contents of a device via windows media player/sync?

  - by snorfys

  I've got a sansa clip mp3 player and an htc touch pro 2 phone that I put music/audio books etc. on. Putting stuff on there is easy peasy I open media player 11, go to the sync tab at the right and drag media to it. The problem is seeing what's already on there and removing anything I no-longer want on there - I have no way to see that aside from browsing via explorer. Both devices move media around to specifc folders so it's a bit annoying. Is there any way to do what I need in media player or is there any other good and free alternatives that will?

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• Cisco 2911 - problem with DHCP

  - by bluszcz

  Hi, i am configuring DHCP daemon on Cisco 2911. At some point i assigned address 192.168.50.50 to one box (using MAC address 'relation'). When I wanted to saved config - I got warning, that address 192.168.50.50 is already in Pool, which sounds bit weird - it was first host which I started configuring. I tried with following commands: clear ip dhcp server statistics clear ip dhcp conflict but first one doesn't output anything (and show statistics shows that there are 2 addresses in pool), and second one throws "there is no conflicted ips" message. How I can force/purge/clear/allow to bind 192.168.50.50 to this box?

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• How to justify rewriting/revamping legacy software in a business case?

  - by sxthomson

  I work for a great little software company which makes good revenue from our main software package. The problem for me is that it's almost unmaintainable. It's written in Delphi 7 (has upgraded versions over time) and has been worked on by a lot of developers over the past 20 or so years. The software lacks any meaningful architecture - there's no object orientation whatsoever, horrible amounts of cyclical dependencies and an over-reliance on global variables to name just a few things. Another huge thing for me is Delphi 7 does NOT support 64-bit. The problem here for me is that my management team don't care about technical things, they want to know why they should care. Obviously that's expected, so what I'm asking here is for some guidance, or tales, or pitfalls about this kind of thing. There's a few things I would love to include, namely for me, the length of time taken to debug/write a feature in "legacy" code, versus coherent, well structured OO code. Does anyone know of any blog posts or the like where this is talked about? For us in the company this is a huge reason. Despite being decent developers we feel like writing a new feature is just piling more rubbish on top. On top of that, even for me who has a decent level of understanding of the code, changing things is infuriating - a small change can have a ridiculous domino effect. Anyone have any experiences they'd like to share?

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• Integrating Amazon EC2 in Java via NetBeans IDE

  - by Geertjan

  Next, having looked at Amazon Associates services and Amazon S3, let's take a look at Amazon EC2, the elastic compute cloud which provides remote computing services. I started by launching an instance of Ubuntu Server 14.04 on Amazon EC2, which looks a bit like this in the on-line AWS Management Console, though I whitened out most of the details: Now that I have at least one running instance available on Amazon EC2, it makes sense to use the services that are integrated into NetBeans IDE:  I created a new application with one class, named "AmazonEC2Demo". Then I dragged the "describeInstances" service that you see above, with the mouse, into the class. Then the IDE automatically created all the other files you see below, i.e., 4 Java classes and one properties file: In the properties file, register the access ID and secret keys. These are read by the other generated Java classes. Signing and authentication are done automatically by the code that is generated, i.e., there's nothing generic you need to do and you can immediately begin working on your domain-specific code. Finally, you're now able to rewrite the code in "AmazonEC2Demo" to connect to Amazon EC2 and obtain information about your running instance: public class AmazonEC2Demo { public static void main(String[] args) { String instanceId1 = "i-something"; RestResponse result; try { result = AmazonEC2Service.describeInstances(instanceId1); System.out.println(result.getDataAsString()); } catch (IOException ex) { Logger.getLogger(AmazonEC2Demo.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } } } From the above, you'll receive a chunk of XML with data about the running instance, it's name, status, dates, etc. In other words, you're now ready to integrate Amazon EC2 features directly into the applications you're writing, without very much work to get started. Within about 5 minutes, you're working on your business logic, rather than on the generic code that anyone needs when integrating with Amazon EC2.

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• Can't run monitor at native 1080p resolution on Windows 7

  - by Rex

  I have a 24" ViewSonic VX2453 monitor that supports 1920x1080p, connected using HDMI. However at that resolution, the desktop goes off the screen. Using the Nvidia control panel, I have to set it to a custom resolution of 1804x1014 to display correctly. The monitor has its drivers properly installed (the correct model name shows up in control panel after installing the drivers), and I'm running 64 bit Win7 Ultimate. I have a GeForce 560 Ti card, if that helps. Why does this happen?

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• Fonts and encoding in windows live mail.

  - by Looser

  Sometimes I have non-english emails (arabic for example). When I try to open them with windows live mail, it doesn't show them correctly.. for example such this: &1588;&1603;&1585;&1575; &1610;&1575;&1605;&1575;&1606; (I changed it a bit to show here as I want) I had a look at options, there was encoding on arabic(windows) but I didn't find anything else. When I open this mail on yahoo however, there is no problem. What can I do?

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• How to start a Software Company

  - by MeshMan

  I've always been interested in wondering how software companies happen. I find it extremely difficult once you're tied down with car, house, life etc. Funding is always the biggest concern. To make this a bit more specific, I see two types. Those offering a product/service or those offering a consultancy company. One things that bugs me about the product/service kind is that we all know how burning the candle at both ends is extremely exhausting. Coding for 8-10 hours in the day and then code in the evenings on your own stuff, doesn't last long. No matter how passionate you are about your idea, simply put, coding day and night is a recipe for burn out. Is this a defeatist attitude though? Can it be balanced? A consultancy kind isn't as tricky in my honest opinion. I think once you have spent years and years in the industry building up relationships, contacts from contracting or moving around, and of course, being involved in the community, then landing your first project as a consultant I'm sure is easier than the product/service kind. I'd imagine friends then could join you as you take on bigger company projects, like an Agile implementation or TDD training, then off you go gaining bigger things. Could you please specify which company type you're answering if you can't contribute to both. I'd like to hear everyone's experiences or ideas on any level for software company start-ups.

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• Symantec Backup exec 2012 for SBS - moving data to offsite drives

  - by Will Lennard

  Can anyone advise how best to run the following strategy, or even if it is possible/sensible strategy? I am looking to backup an SBS server using BE2012 where the data is backed up on a weekly full backup, with subsequent daily incrementals till the end of the week, a fresh full backup will then be taken the next weekend, and the cycle repeats for 4 weeks, thus 4 full backups with incrementals. This months worth of backups will then be moved off to an offsite store via USB drive for safe keeping. Is this viable, sensible, or am i just a bit crazy? All ideas are welcome.

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• Cheap server stress testing

  - by acrosman

  The IT department of the nonprofit organization I work for recently got a new virtual server running CentOS (with Apache and PHP 5), which is supposed to host our website. During the process of setting up the server I discovered that the slightest use of the new machine caused major performance problems (I couldn't extract tarballs without bringing it to a halt). After several weeks of casting about in the dark by tech support, it now appears to be working fine, but I'm still nervous about moving the main site there. I have no budget to work with (so no software or services that require money), although due to recent cut backs I have several older desktops that I could use if it helps. The site doesn't need to withstand massive amounts of traffic (it's a Drupal site just a few thousand visitors a day), but I would like to put it through a bit of it paces before moving the main site over. What are cheap tools that I can use to get a sense if the server can withstand even low levels of traffic? I'm not looking to test the site itself yet, just fundamental operation of the server.

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• More than one way to skin an Audit

  - by BuckWoody

  I get asked quite a bit about auditing in SQL Server. By "audit", people mean everything from tracking logins to finding out exactly who ran a particular SELECT statement. In the really early versions of SQL Server, we didn't have a great story for very granular audits, so lots of workarounds were suggested. As time progressed, more and more audit capabilities were added to the product, and in typical database platform fashion, as we added a feature we didn't often take the others away. So now, instead of not having an option to audit actions by users, you might face the opposite problem - too many ways to audit! You can read more about the options you have for tracking users here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc280526(v=SQL.100).aspx  In SQL Server 2008, we introduced SQL Server Audit, which uses Extended Events to really get a simple way to implement high-level or granular auditing. You can read more about that here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd392015.aspx  As with any feature, you should understand what your needs are first. Auditing isn't "free" in the performance sense, so you need to make sure you're only auditing what you need to. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Cannot Delete an Empty Folder in Windows 7

  - by Mike Gates

  I've used this question's answer by user "Moab" to give myself permission to delete an empty folder, so that I no longer get "accessed denied". However, now when I try removing this folder, I get a message that says "The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process." This is merely my "eclipse" (IDE) folder that I totally emptied out and am trying to delete, but for some reason cannot. I've tried quite a few things: Via Windows Explorer: Right Click - Delete Via Command Prompt RD /S /Q eclipse del /F eclipse rmdir /S eclipse I'm out of ideas, and I'd really like to delete this folder without having to install any software. I've done a bit of research and this is all I found that I could try. Does anyone have any other ideas?

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• IIS6 + PHP + FastCGI 500 Errors - Where to start looking?

  - by Bertvan

  I've set up IIS6 with FastCGI to use php-cgi.exe. I have some php websites by external parties, that I'm trying to run in a test environment. One of the websites just plain gives me a FastCGI Error Page. Question: Is there some way to enable logging somewhere so that I can get a bit more information on this problem? I have looked in Eventlog IIS Website log (c:\windows\system32\Logfiles) PHP log But no results, except the IIS Website log mentions a return of a 500 page. Question: Is there any other way to debug/check where things might be going wrong? Here is what the page looks like: FastCGI Error The FastCGI Handler was unable to process the request. Error Details: The FastCGI process exited unexpectedly Error Number: -1073741571 (0xc00000fd). Error Description: Unknown Error HTTP Error 500 - Server Error. Internet Information Services (IIS)

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• “Apparently, you signed a software services agreement without fully understanding it.”

  - by Dave Ballantyne

  I am not a lawyer. Let me say that again, I am not a lawyer. Todays Dilbert has prompted me to post about my recent experience with SqlServer licensing. I'm in the technical realm and rarely have much to do with purchasing and licensing.  I say “I need” , budget realities will state weather I actually get.  However, I do keep my ear to the ground and due to my community involvement, I know, or at least have an understanding of, some licensing restrictions. Due to a misunderstanding, Microsoft Licensing stated that we needed licenses for our standby servers.  I knew that that was not the case,  and a quick tweet confirmed this. So after composing an email stating exactly what the machines in question were used for ie Log shipped to and used in a disaster recover scenario only,  and posting several Technet articles to back this up, we saved 2 enterprise edition licences, a not inconsiderable cost. However during this discussion, I was made aware of another ‘legalese’ document that could completely override the referenced articles, and anything I knew, or thought i knew, about SqlServer licensing. Personally, I had no knowledge of this.  The “Purchase Use Rights” agreement would appear to be the volume licensing equivalent of the “End User License Agreement” , click throughs we all know and ignore.  Here is a direct quote from Microsoft licensing, when asked for clarification. “Thanks for your email. Just to give some background on the Product Use Rights (PUR), licenses acquired through volume licensing are bound by the most recent PUR at the time of license acquisition. The link for the current PUR and PUR archive is http://www.microsoft.com/licensing/about-licensing/product-licensing.aspx. Further to this, products acquired through boxed product or pre-installed on hardware (OEM) are bound by the End User License Agreement (EULA). The PUR will explain limitations, license requirements and rulings on areas like multiplexing, virtualization, processor licensing, etc. When an article will appear on a Microsoft site or blog describing the licensing of a product, it will be using the PUR as a base. Due to the writing style or language used by the person writing areas of the website or technical blogs, the PUR is what you should use as a rule and not any of the other media. The PUR is updated quarterly and will reference every product available at that time working on the latest version unless otherwise stated. The crux of this is that the PUR is written after extensive discussions between the different branches of Microsoft (legal, technical, etc) and the wording is then approved. This is not always the case for some pages explaining licensing as they are merely intended to advise and not subject to the intense scrutiny as the PUR.” So, exactly what does that mean ? My take :  This is a living document, “updated quarterly” , though presumably this could be done on a whim and a fancy.  It could state , you are only licensed if ,that during install you stand in a corner juggling and that photographic evidence is required. A plainly ridiculous demand but,  what else could it override or new requirements could it state that change your existing understanding of the product or your legal usage of it. As i say, im not a lawyer, but are you checking the PURA prior to purchase ?

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• Resume on 30 Days of SharePoint

  Dear readers, as you might have noticed... It was an organisational desaster on my end! Even though I continued my studies and research on Microsoft SharePoint 2013 during the last 30 days, I wasn't able to write an article a day to keep you posted on my progress. Nonetheless, I gathered a good number of additional blogs, mainly SharePoint MVP sites, and online forums which will be helpful in the next couple of weeks while I'm actually going to develop a C#-based client which will enable an existing 'legacy' application to SharePoint as a document management system (DMS) besides other already existing solutions. Finding excuses Well, no. Not really. I simply didn't block any or enough time every day to write down my progress during my own challenge. My log book on learning about SharePoint stands at 41 hours and 15 minutes during this month. Which means that I spent an average of more than 1 hour per day on getting into SharePoint. I know that might sound a little bit low but also keep in mind that I went for the challenge on top of my daily job and private responsibilities. During the same period there had been two priority 0 incidents from clients - external root cause - which took presedence over this leisure project. More to come Anyway, it was a first trial and despite the low level of reporting on my blog, I'm confident about what I learned during the last 30 days, and I'm ready to implement the client's requirements. At least, I would say that I have a better understanding about the road map or the path to walk during the next month. As time and secrecy allows I'm going to note down some bits and pieces... During the process of development, I'm going to 'cheat' on the challenge summary article and add links to those new entries. Just for the sake of completeness. Next challenge? Hmm, there had been ideas during the last meetup of the Mauritius Software Craftsmanship Community (MSCC) regarding certifications in IT and eventually we might organise some kind of a study group for specific exams, most probably Microsoft exams towards MCSD Web Developer or Windows Developer.

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• Will the Driver Support for Intel HD Graphics be Improved in 12.10?

  - by Hiranya

  I recently installed Ubuntu 12.04 on a HP Pavilion dv4 laptop. This is a core i7 machine with Intel HD graphics and also a separate nVidia VGA card. I had a lot of issues getting Ubuntu 12.04 working on this system. First there were issues booting up the live CD for installation. I worked around that by using the 'nomodeset' option. Then I continued to have similar issues after installation has completed. So I had to permanently add the nomodeset option to my GRUB boot configuration. At the moment I have a working installation but there are many issues: Ubuntu GUI is a bit flaky at times. The mouse pointer goes on and off when hovering over certain icons. Certain things doesn't get rendered properly on the screen. I can't access any of the tty consoles. Hitting Ctrl+Alt+F[1-6] gives me a blank screen. And once that happens I can't even come back to the UI by hitting Ctrl+Alt+F7. I've realized that tty consoles are actually working. I just can't see the text. If I enter a command like 'sudo reboot' into the empty screen the machine reboots. Can't get external displays (monitors, projectors etc) working. But I think this is probably because the VGA out is wired to the nVidia card which is not being used by Linux. colord program crashes every now and then triggering a popup message. So my main question is, will the support for Intel HD graphics be improved in the next release? Or will I have to keep using the nomodeset option in the new release too? Also I appreciate if anybody can shed some light on any of the issues listed above. Thanks in advance.

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• How can I send a Wake on Wireless LAN (WoWLAN) / Wake on Demand request manually?

  - by pioto

  This is similar to, but not the same as, http://serverfault.com/questions/1721/is-wireless-wake-on-lan-possible. I know it is supposed to be possible. The question is, how do I do whatever the AirPort Basestation will do? All I can find so far is that supposedly I need to send something with Wireless Multimedia Extensions (WMM): Basically, I want to be able to wake up my Mac Mini remotely, probably using my Linux laptop. Does anyone know of a tool to do this? Basic Wake on LAN tools do not seem to be the right thing. I don't need the Sleep Proxy Service bit, because I already know the MAC address of the system I want to wake up.

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• Windows 7 'All Programs' folders self-close on right-click

  - by Madmanguruman

  Odd issue on my Windows 7 Professional (32-bit) system. If I click on the Start 'orb' then navigate to 'All Programs', then navigate to any of the folders that appear at the bottom of the list (like Accessories) and left-click, the folder contents expand with no issue. If I right-click, the context menu appears for half-a-second or so, then the popup goes away and the entire start menu dismisses. I'm not sure how to debug this issue - I'm considering using Autoruns to try and disable things hooked into the shell one-by-one. Is there a way to use a tool like Process Explorer to narrow down the process that's actually dismissing the menus?

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• SDL: Clipping a Sprite Sheet from Left to Right

  - by 0X1A

  I'm trying to get a sprite sheet clipped in the right order but I'm a bit stumped, every iteration I've tried has tended to be in the wrong order. This is my current implementation. Frames = (TempSurface-h / ClipHeight) * (TempSurface-w / ClipWidth); SDL_Rect Clips[Frames]; for (i = 0; i < Frames; i++) { if (i != 0 && i % (TempSurface-h / ClipHeight) == 0) ColumnIndex++; Clips[i].x = ColumnIndex * ClipWidth; Clips[i].y = i % (TempSurface-h / ClipHeight) * ClipHeight; Clips[i].w = ClipWidth; Clips[i].h = ClipHeight; Where TempSurface is the entire sheet loaded to a SDL_Surface and Clips[] is an array of SDL_Rects. What results from this is a sprite sheet set to SDL_Rects in the wrong order. For example a sheet of dimensions 4x4 would load desirably as this: | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | | 8 | 9 | 10| 11| | 12| 13| 14| 15| But would be set as this order: | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12| | 1 | 5 | 9 | 13| | 2 | 6 | 10| 14| | 3 | 7 | 11| 15| What should I be doing for these to be set correctly?

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• Using robocopy and excluding multiple directories

  - by GorrillaMcD

  I'm trying to copy some directories from a server before I restore from backup (my latest backup was corrupt, so I have to use an older one :( ). I'm in the Windows Recovery Environment and have access to the server's file system G:\ and my backup media C:\. But, since I'm more familiar with Linux, I'm having a bit of trouble with the command line in Windows, specifically robocopy. I want to copy multiple directories (maintaining the same directory structure) from G:\ to C:\ while excluding others (namely, the Windows and Program Files folders). I can't figure out the syntax for the /XD option. I was hoping to do something like: robocopy G: C:\backup /CREATE /XD "dir1","dir2", ...

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• "System call failed" error when trying to open "My Computer" etc. under the Start menu! What is happening?

  - by verve

  When I go to the start menu I can load program icons but if I click on Documents, My Pictures, My Computer, Default Programs...all the options on the right part--I get "System call failed". How do I solve ths? Is my HD failing? Also, I don't know if it's connected but yesterday my uTorrent stopped working in a way it has never done before. I'm not able to download torrent files. In the program I get "socket unreacheable..." Also, for the last 2 days my internet has been super-slow. I checked Kaspersky for viruses. It says: "No active threats". Windows 7 64-bit.

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• Velvet screen after grub selection

  - by Spleen

  After a fresh install of Ubuntu 11.10 64-bit, the boot seems to stop after selecting the ubuntu option (same with the rescue one) in the grub menu. At first I thought this was related to grub-efi, as I've had similar problems after a Ubuntu 11.04 update which replaced grub-efi with grub-pc and got me stuck on a "elf magic" grub console (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt/+bug/800910). While the 11.04 problem was resolved with a simple chroot and apt-get install from the live cd, that solution doesn't work this time. The drive with the bootloader is a sata3 ssd with 64 gb gpt (sdb1 20 mb efi boot partition fat16, sdb2 60 gb root ext4 and sdb3 4 gb swap) on a msi e350ia-e45 mainboard with a pair of 2 TB ext4 mbr drives for photos/music/movies. I've tried a few grub-install/update-grub with boot-directory sdb1 from chroot, but I cant seem to go anywhere. Even this guide: http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Grub2#EFI (ofc I replaced grub2 with grub in the grub-install and efibootmgr commands) doesnt seem to get me anywhere. Any help or ideas are appeciated ;) edit: I guess its the combination of gpt/uefi that also seems to haunt f16 edit: same with 12.04 beta btw

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• Multitenancy in SQL Azure

  - by cibrax

  If you are building a SaaS application in Windows Azure that relies on SQL Azure, it’s probably that you will need to support multiple tenants at database level. This is short overview of the different approaches you can use for support that scenario, A different database per tenant A new database is created and assigned when a tenant is provisioned. Pros Complete isolation between tenants. All the data for a tenant lives in a database only he can access. Cons It’s not cost effective. SQL Azure databases are not cheap, and the minimum size for a database is 1GB.  You might be paying for storage that you don’t really use. A different connection pool is required per database. Updates must be replicated across all the databases You need multiple backup strategies across all the databases Multiple schemas in a database shared by all the tenants A single database is shared among all the tenants, but every tenant is assigned to a different schema and database user. Pros You only pay for a single database. Data is isolated at database level. If the credentials for one tenant is compromised, the rest of the data for the other tenants is not. Cons You need to replicate all the database objects in every schema, so the number of objects can increase indefinitely. Updates must be replicated across all the schemas. The connection pool for the database must maintain a different connection per tenant (or set of credentials) A different user is required per tenant, which is stored at server level. You have to backup that user independently. Centralizing the database access with store procedures in a database shared by all the tenants A single database is shared among all the tenants, but nobody can read the data directly from the tables. All the data operations are performed through store procedures that centralize the access to the tenant data. The store procedures contain some logic to map the database user to an specific tenant. Pros You only pay for a single database. You only have a set of objects to maintain and backup. Cons There is no real isolation. All the data for the different tenants is shared in the same tables. You can not use traditional ORM like EF code first for consuming the data. A different user is required per tenant, which is stored at server level. You have to backup that user independently. SQL Federations A single database is shared among all the tenants, but a different federation is used per tenant. A federation in few words, it’s a mechanism for horizontal scaling in SQL Azure, which basically uses the idea of logical partitions to distribute data based on certain criteria. Pros You only have a single database with multiple federations. You can use filtering in the connections to pick the right federation, so any ORM could be used to consume the data. Cons There is no real isolation at that database level. The isolation is enforced programmatically with federations.

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