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• Only One GPU Detected in the Nvidia Quadra NVS 450

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I just built myself an new workstation and now only 2 of 3 monitors are working. I built the nvidia driver by downloading it and installing with ./Nvidia... Before when I ran nvidia-settings I saw two GPUs listed but now I only see one. Xorg Config (Not sure how I ended up with 3 devices in there): # nvidia-settings: X configuration file generated by nvidia-settings # nvidia-settings: version 256.35 (buildmeister@builder101) Wed Jun 16 19:25:39 PDT 2010 Section "ServerLayout" # Removed Option "Xinerama" "1" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0 Screen 1 "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" Option "Xinerama" "0" EndSection Section "Files" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from default Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/psaux" Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from default Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL E207WFP" HorizSync 30.0 - 83.0 VertRefresh 56.0 - 75.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL E207WFP" HorizSync 30.0 - 83.0 VertRefresh 56.0 - 75.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor2" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL E207WFP" HorizSync 30.0 - 83.0 VertRefresh 56.0 - 75.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device0" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro NVS 450" BusID "PCI:6:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device1" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro NVS 450" BusID "PCI:5:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device2" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro NVS 450" BusID "PCI:3:0:0" EndSection Section "Screen" # Removed Option "TwinView" "0" # Removed Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0" # Removed Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+275, DFP-3: nvidia-auto-select +1680+0" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Device0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "1" Option "TwinViewXineramaInfoOrder" "DFP-3" Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0, DFP-3: nvidia-auto-select +1680+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" # Removed Option "metamodes" "DFP-3: nvidia-auto-select +0+0" Identifier "Screen1" Device "Device1" Monitor "Monitor1" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "0" Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen2" Device "Device2" Monitor "Monitor2" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "0" Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection lscpi: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub to ESI Port (rev 13) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 13) 00:02.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 13) 00:03.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev 13) 00:10.0 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 Physical and Link Layer Registers Port 0 (rev 13) 00:10.1 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 Routing and Protocol Layer Registers Port 0 (rev 13) 00:11.0 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500 Physical and Link Layer Registers Port 1 (rev 13) 00:11.1 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500 Routing & Protocol Layer Register Port 1 (rev 13) 00:13.0 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub I/OxAPIC Interrupt Controller (rev 13) 00:14.0 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub System Management Registers (rev 13) 00:14.1 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub GPIO and Scratch Pad Registers (rev 13) 00:14.2 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 I/O Hub Control Status and RAS Registers (rev 13) 00:15.0 PIC: Intel Corporation 5520/5500/X58 Trusted Execution Technology Registers (rev 13) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 00:1a.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 00:1a.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6 00:1a.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) HD Audio Controller 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) PCI Express Root Port 1 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) PCI Express Port 2 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) PCI Express Root Port 4 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) PCI Express Root Port 5 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 90) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JIR (ICH10R) LPC Interface Controller 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) 4 port SATA IDE Controller #1 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) SMBus Controller 00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) 2 port SATA IDE Controller #2 01:00.0 IDE interface: Device 1b4b:91a3 (rev 11) 02:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation Device 0194 (rev 03) 03:00.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation PCI express bridge for Quadro Plex S4 / Tesla S870 / Tesla S1070 (rev a3) 04:00.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation PCI express bridge for Quadro Plex S4 / Tesla S870 / Tesla S1070 (rev a3) 04:02.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation PCI express bridge for Quadro Plex S4 / Tesla S870 / Tesla S1070 (rev a3) 05:00.0 3D controller: nVidia Corporation G98 [Quadro NVS 450] (rev a1) 06:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G98 [Quadro NVS 450] (rev a1) 08:00.0 SATA controller: JMicron Technology Corp. JMB362/JMB363 Serial ATA Controller (rev 02) 08:00.1 IDE interface: JMicron Technology Corp. JMB362/JMB363 Serial ATA Controller (rev 02) 09:00.0 SATA controller: JMicron Technology Corp. JMB362/JMB363 Serial ATA Controller (rev 03) 09:00.1 IDE interface: JMicron Technology Corp. JMB362/JMB363 Serial ATA Controller (rev 03) 0a:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) 0b:06.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Texas Instruments TSB43AB23 IEEE-1394a-2000 Controller (PHY/Link)

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• How do I test complex expressions with bash?

  - by router

  I can only do simply expressions like 1=1 and 0=1 test 1 = 1 -a 0 = 1 But how to do complex expressions like 1=1 and (0=1 or 1=1) ?

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• dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--unpack)

  - by udo

  I had an issue (Question 199582) which was resolved. Unfortunately I am stuck at this point now. Running root@X100e:/var/cache/apt/archives# apt-get dist-upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: file libexpat1 libmagic1 libreadline6 libsqlite3-0 mime-support python python-minimal python2.6 python2.6-minimal readline-common 0 upgraded, 11 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/5,204kB of archives. After this operation, 19.7MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y (Reading database ... 6108 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from .../python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... new installation of python2.6-minimal; /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages is a directory which is expected a symlink to /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages. please find the package shipping files in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages and file a bug report to ship these in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages instead aborting installation of python2.6-minimal dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) results in above error. Running root@X100e:/var/cache/apt/archives# dpkg -i python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (Reading database ... 6108 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... new installation of python2.6-minimal; /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages is a directory which is expected a symlink to /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages. please find the package shipping files in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages and file a bug report to ship these in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages instead aborting installation of python2.6-minimal dpkg: error processing python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--install): subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb results in above error. Running root@X100e:/var/cache/apt/archives# dpkg -i --force-depends python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (Reading database ... 6108 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... new installation of python2.6-minimal; /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages is a directory which is expected a symlink to /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages. please find the package shipping files in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages and file a bug report to ship these in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages instead aborting installation of python2.6-minimal dpkg: error processing python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--install): subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb is not able to fix this. Any clues how to fix this?

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• How to re-add a RAID-10 failed drive on Ubuntu?

  - by thiesdiggity

  I have a problem that I can't seem to solve. We have a Ubuntu server setup with RAID-10 and two of the drives dropped out of the array. When I try to re-add them using the following command: mdadm --manage --re-add /dev/md2 /dev/sdc1 I get the following error message: mdadm: Cannot open /dev/sdc1: Device or resource busy When I do a "cat /proc/mdstat" I get the following: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [r$ md2 : active raid10 sdb1[0] sdd1[3] 1953519872 blocks 64K chunks 2 near-copies [4/2] [U__U] md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdc2[1] 468853696 blocks [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdc1[1] 19530688 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> When I run "/sbin/mdadm --detail /dev/md2" I get the following: /dev/md2: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Mon Sep 5 23:41:13 2011 Raid Level : raid10 Array Size : 1953519872 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759936 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Oct 25 09:25:08 2012 State : active, degraded Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : near=2, far=1 Chunk Size : 64K UUID : c6d87d27:aeefcb2e:d4453e2e:0b7266cb Events : 0.6688691 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 8 49 3 active sync /dev/sdd1 Output of df -h is: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 441G 2.0G 416G 1% / none 32G 236K 32G 1% /dev tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm none 32G 112K 32G 1% /var/run none 32G 0 32G 0% /var/lock none 32G 0 32G 0% /lib/init/rw tmpfs 64G 215M 63G 1% /mnt/vmware none 441G 2.0G 416G 1% /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs /dev/mapper/RAID10VG-RAID10LV 1.8T 139G 1.6T 8% /mnt/RAID10 When I do a "fdisk -l" I can see all the drives needed for the RAID-10. The RAID-10 is part of the /dev/mapper, could that be the reason why the device is coming back as busy? Anyone have any suggestions on what I can try to get the drives back into the array? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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• How to get an inactive RAID device working again?

  - by Jonik

  After booting, my RAID1 device (/dev/md_d0 *) sometimes goes in some funny state and I cannot mount it. * Originally I created /dev/md0 but it has somehow changed itself into /dev/md_d0. # mount /opt mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md_d0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error (could this be the IDE device where you in fact use ide-scsi so that sr0 or sda or so is needed?) In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so The RAID device appears to be inactive somehow: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md_d0 : inactive sda4[0](S) 241095104 blocks # mdadm --detail /dev/md_d0 mdadm: md device /dev/md_d0 does not appear to be active. Question is, how to make active the device again (using mdmadm, I presume)? (Other times it's alright (active) after boot, and I can mount it manually without problems. But it still won't mount automatically even though I have it in /etc/fstab: /dev/md_d0 /opt ext4 defaults 0 0 So a bonus question: what should I do to make the RAID device automatically mount at /opt at boot time?) This is an Ubuntu 9.10 workstation. Background info about my RAID setup in this question.

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• In Cent os 6.2 can i update Kernel version to 3.4 ? if so how to upgrade kernel?

  - by shiva

  Hi, I have a server with Centos 6.2 with Kernel version 2.6 , but i need to increase my application Performance. The Kernel Version 3.4 has x32abi which can improve the performance so i want to upgrade to 3.4 ? Is it possible? I tried 1) downloading kernel compiling and installing but still i see the same Kernel version.. What went wrong? i followed the process in mentioned in the below link.. http://www.tecmint.com/kernel-3-5-released-install-compile-in-redhat-centos-and-fedora/

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• How to track all files a process opens in it's lifetime

  - by Peter Smit

  I am aware of using lsof for checking the files currently accessed by a process. Does there exist a way to see all files that an application opens in it's lifetime?

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• .htaccess to nginx rewite

  - by Deepak

  please help me with changing this .htaccess to rginx rewite RewriteRule ^show.php/(.*)$ show2.php?img=$1 [L] RewriteRule ^out.php/([a-z]{1})(.*)$ out2.php?$1=$2&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^view.php/(.)$ view2.php?img=$1 [L] RewriteRule ^images.php/([a-z]{1})(.)$ images2.php?$1=$2&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^gallery/([0-9]+)-([^/])/(.)$ gallery.php?gal=$1&img=$3 [L] RewriteRule ^view/([0-9]+)-([^/])/(.)$ gallery_body.php?gal=$1&img=$3 [L]

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• how to make a partition which is in ext-2 , a writable disk?

  - by kasperasky

  i have debian system in which i have mounted the OS on a ext-3 system . I have got a partition of 60 gb , which is formatted to ext-2 partition . Even if I mount , i cant write anything into it . How can i change that ? How can I make the disk writable?

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• Descending list ordered by file modification time

  - by LanceBaynes

  How can I generate a list of files in a directory [for example, "/mnt/hdd/PUB/"] ordered by the files modification time? [in descending order, the oldest modified file is at the lists end] ls -A -lRt would be great: https://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=AzuSVmrJ But if a file is changed in a directory, it lists the full directory, so the pastebined link isn't good [I don't want a list ordered by "directories", I need a "per file" ordered list] OS: OpenWrt [no Perl - not enough space for it :( + no "stat", or "file" command].

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• Trying to get a PC to boot off a bootable SD card that is inside an USB attached Android device.

  - by Cyril

  First, I'd like to make myself look less a madman than I may have appeared to be. I wanted to have a bootable USB stick with me at all times, but it's less convenient because it's an extra object and it's easier to lose, forget etc. Then I thought, I have an Android phone, and it has a micro SD in it; perfect. Not all PC's can boot off a card reader, but the phone itself is a card reader when attached as a disk drive. Or at least so I thought. Turns out that my netbook BIOS (tested on Asus eeePC) refuses to see it as an external harddrive; it only recognizes it as a generic USB device and doesn't offer an option to boot from it. The device has a name "Android phone" or smth, so it seems to me that it doesn't work as a "pure" card reader, and instead still manifests itself as a phone. Can it be somehow overridden?

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• Looking for a host based network monitor solution

  - by Ole Martin Handeland

  Hi all! Problem So, my hosting company has a network usage graph for my dedicated server. It seems that one day earlier this month, my network usage suddenly spiked with several hundred megabytes transferred (usually it's in the tens, not hundreds). It was probably me, but i just can't be sure who or what it was. Question So my question is; does anyone know of any host based solution for monitoring network usage that would tell me the client's IP-address, the port/service he/she used? What I don't want I'm just guessing that someone will suggest i use nagios, munin, zabbix, cacti, mrtg - I've also looked at those, but a graph over network usage will not give me the answers I'm looking for. :-) Almost there I've already looked at a lot of monitoring solutions, and I've tried [ntop][http://www.ntop.org/], [darkstat][http://unix4lyfe.org/darkstat/] and others. Darkstat just didn't give me the answers. Although it listed a lot of statistics, and i could list the clients - it doesn't show me the network usage for a particular period. Ntop is by far the best I've seen so far - but i think it mostly shows current network usage, not the historical part. I could run apt-get upgrade and download a whole bunch of software, but not see it in the log afterwards.

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• Ubuntu NBR karmic boot freezes at fsck from util-linux-ng 2.16

  - by Bluebill

  I have a netbook (emachine e250 - equivalent to an acer aspire one) and I have Ubunutu NBR 9.10 installed on it. Every other cold boot freezes at the following error message: fsck from util-linux-ng 2.16 There is no disk activity, no activity what so ever. I have left the machine sit for over an hour and nothing. It takes a couple of hard resets to be able to boot properly. Once it boots everything works great (wireless, suspend/resume, etc.)! I have spent the last couple of weeks researching the problem and the only thing that seems to work is setting nolapic in the boot string in grub - it boots every time. Unfortunately, nolapic disables the second core and causes problems with suspend resume. At first I thought it was an fsck problem with the first partition on the hard disk as it is a hidden ntfs partition containing the windows xp recover information. So in /etc/fstab I set the partition so that it would be ignored by fsck. This didn't seem to do anything. I have these partitions: /dev/sda1 - an ntfs recovery partition /dev/sda2 - /boot /dev/sda3 - swap /dev/sda5 - / /dev/sda6 - /home I am running kernel version 2.6.31-19-generic and have all the patches (as indicated by update manager). I also have no splash screen so I can see the boot progress. I have only been using NBR since January, I have been using Ubuntu on my desktop since last June (2009-06). What logs should I be looking at? Is there a log for failed boots?

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• refresh screen rate ubuntu

  - by user24224

  Hello all I am having problems with the refresh rate if the screen . In the the refresh mode of the monitor in the monitor options have only one option 60Hz. I have LG 24 + ATI Radon 3870. And already installed the ati driver via ubuntu download centre. Any idea how i solve that one ? Thanks.

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• What kernel modules are required for wi-fi to work?

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  My custom-built 2.6.32 kernel cannot connect to any WPA-protected network. The kernel includes (probably?) everything that should be needed for wifi, including IPv4 network support (IPv6 is disabled), the ath5k wireless driver (which is used in the generic Ubuntu 2.6.31 kernel) and all crypto APIs. The card is being detected, however, iwlist scan returns wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down and network-manager log says <info> (wlan0): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x01). <info> (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'ath5k') <info> (wlan0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1 <info> (wlan0): now managed <info> (wlan0): device state change: 1 -> 2 (reason 2) <info> (wlan0): bringing up device. <info> (wlan0): preparing device. <info> (wlan0): deactivating device (reason: 2). supplicant_interface_acquire: assertion `mgr_state == NM_SUPPLICANT_MANAGER_STATE_IDLE' failed <info> modem-manager is now available <WARN> default_adapter_cb(): bluez error getting default adapter: The name org.bluez was not provided by any .service files <info> Trying to start the supplicant... <info> (wlan0): supplicant manager state: down -> idle <info> (wlan0): device state change: 2 -> 3 (reason 0) <WARN> nm_supplicant_interface_add_cb(): Unexpected supplicant error getting interface: wpa_supplicant couldn't grab this interface. The exact same configuration works with the generic kernel. Is anything except wifi and crypto api needed for wi-fi to work?

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• routing through multiple subinterfaces in debian

  - by Kstro21

  my question is as simple as the title, i have a debian 6 , 2 NICs, 3 different subnets in a single interface, just like this: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.106.254 netmask 255.255.255.0 auto eth0:0 iface eth0:0 inet static address 172.19.221.81 netmask 255.255.255.248 auto eth0:1 iface eth0:1 inet static address 192.168.254.1 netmask 255.255.255.248 auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 172.19.216.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 172.19.216.13 eth0 is conected to a swith with 3 differents vlans, eth1 is conected to a router. No iptables DROP, so, all traffic is allowed. Now, passing the traffic through eth0 is OK, passing the traffic through eth0:0 is OK, but, passing the traffic through eth0:1 is not working, i can ping the ip address of that sub interface from a pc where this ip is the default gateway, but can't get to servers in the subnet of the eth1 interface, the traffic is not passing, even when i set the iptables to log all the traffic in the FORWARD chain and i can see the traffic there, but, the traffic is not really passing. And the funny is i can do any the other way around, i mean, passing from eth1 to eth0:1, RDP, telnet, ping, etc, doing some work with the iptable, i manage to pass some traffic from eth0:1 to eth1, the iptables look like this: iptables -t nat PREROUTING -d 192.168.254.1/32 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 25,110,5269 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.19.216.1 iptables -t nat PREROUTING -d 192.168.254.1/32 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.19.216.9 iptables -t nat PREROUTING -d 192.168.254.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 21 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.19.216.11 iptables -t nat POSTROUTING -s 172.19.216.0/24 -d 172.19.221.80/29 -j SNAT --to-source 172.19.221.81 iptables -t nat POSTROUTING -s 172.19.216.0/24 -d 192.168.254.0/29 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.254.1 iptables -t nat POSTROUTING -s 172.19.216.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.106.254 dong this is working, but,it is really a headache have to map each port with the server, imagine if i move the service from server, so, now i have doubts: can debian route through multiple subinterfaces?? exist a limit for this?? if not, what i'm doing wrong when i have the same setup with other subnets and it is working ok?? without the iptables rules in the nat, it doesn't work thanks and i hope good comments/answers

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• Is there a way to HIDE a file/dir from a specific user/group?

  - by Iraklis

  I'm setting up ACL permissions in CENTOS. I'm getting close to the structure that I have in mind however one piece is missing for completing the puzzle. Is there any way to HIDE a file/directory from a specific user/group? I'm not talking about not being able to read, change dir to it. I want to completely hide it from the specific user/group (not to show up on ls -la).

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• How can I restrict SSH access when the source IP is dynamic

  - by Supratik

  Hi I want to protect SSH access to our live web server from all IP's except our office static IP. There are some employees who connects to this live server from their dynamic IP's. So, it is not always possible for me to change in the iptables rule in live server whenever the dynamic IP of the employee changes. I tried to put them in office VPN and allowed only SSH access from office IP but the office connection is slow in compared to our employee's private internet connection, moreover it adds an extra overhead to our office network. Is there any way I can solve this problem ?

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• OpenVZ vs KVM for Linux VMs

  - by Eliasdx

  Hardware: Intel® Core™ i7-920, 12 GB DDR3 RAM, 2 x 1500 GB SATA-II HDD (no SoftRaid because Proxmox developers don't support softraid and they are sure you'll run into problems) Software: Proxmox VE with KVM and OpenVZ support and debian everywhere I want to run multiple Linux VMs on this server. One for a firewall (I want to try pfSense), one for MySQL, one VM for nginx (my stuff) and ~2 VMs with nginx for other people's web sites. I don't think that pfSense will run in an OpenVZ environment but it should run in KVM. The question is if I should setup the other VMs using KVM or OpenVZ. In OpenVZ they should have less overhead for the OS itself but I don't know about the performance. I heard that KVM is more stable but needs more RAM and CPU. I found this diagram showing a OpenVZ setup on the same hardware I'm using. This guy uses an own VM for each and every website which is running on his server. I can't think of any advantage why he's using so many VMs.

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• Recommended way to restrict Apache users

  - by Dor

  Following on why should we restrict Apache users, another two questions arises: What is the recommended method of restricting the places Apache users can traverse & read in the file system? What to do against fork bombs and other shell scripting problems? (bash scripting is allowed) My possible solutions (I prefer to know which solution you choose and why): chroot OR mod_chroot disable bash OR use Restricted BASH Please offer another solutions if you find appropriate. (perhaps selinux is?) Current status: Users are allowed to executed bash scripts (via PHP for example) suexec is active Apache requested are served with FastCGI for PHP

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• Escaping query strings with wget --mirror

  - by Jeremy Banks

  I'm using wget --mirror --html-extension --convert-links to mirror a site, but I end up with lots of filenames in the format post.php?id=#.html. When I try to view these in a browser it fails, because the browser ignores the query string when loading the file. Is there any way to replace the ? character in the filenames with something else? The answer of --restrict-file-names=windows worked correctly. In conjunction with the flags --convert-links and --adjust-extension/-E (formerly named --html-extension, which also works but is deprecated) it produces a mirror that behaves as expected. wget --mirror --adjust-extension --convert-links --restrict-file-names=windows http://www.example

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• Using sed, how can I delete all blank lines?

  - by Steve

  Using sed, how can I delete all blank lines? Input file: Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300 Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500 Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400 Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245500 Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900

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• Not able to apt-get update from terminal, what to do now?

  - by Utkarsh

  Whenever I try to update from terminal, I get this error: root@Utkarsh[utkarsh]#apt-get update Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha Release.gpg Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha Release Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/contrib Sources Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/non-free Sources Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/main Sources Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/contrib i386 Packages Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/non-free i386 Packages Hit http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/main i386 Packages Ign http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/contrib Translation-en_US Ign http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/contrib Translation-en Ign http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/main Translation-en_US Ign http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/main Translation-en Ign http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/non-free Translation-en_US Ign http://packages.bosslinux.in anokha/non-free Translation-en Reading package lists... Done W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://packages.bosslinux.in/boss/ anokha/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/packages.bosslinux.in_boss_dists_anokha_main_binary-i386_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://packages.bosslinux.in/boss/ anokha/contrib i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/packages.bosslinux.in_boss_dists_anokha_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://packages.bosslinux.in/boss/ anokha/non-free i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/packages.bosslinux.in_boss_dists_anokha_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems

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• Sendmail Tuning For Batch Mail Jobs

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I have a webservers that send out emails to a sendmail relay server as a batch job. The emails need to be accepted by the relay sendmail server as fast as possible, however, they do not need to go out (be relayed) very quickly. I am seeing a couple timeouts once and a while from the webserver trying to connect to the relay server. The load currently is about 30 emails a second for a couple minutes. There are quite a few tuning options for sendmail in the sendmail tuning guide. What I am focusing on now is the Delivery Mode: Delivery Mode There are a number of delivery modes that sendmail can operate in, set by the DeliveryMode ( d) configuration option. These modes specify how quickly mail will be delivered. Legal modes are: i deliver interactively (synchronously) b deliver in background (asynchronously) q queue only (don't deliver) d defer delivery attempts (don't deliver) There are tradeoffs. Mode i gives the sender the quickest feedback, but may slow down some mailers and is hardly ever necessary. Mode b delivers promptly but can cause large numbers of processes if you have a mailer that takes a long time to deliver a message. Mode q minimizes the load on your machine, but means that delivery may be delayed for up to the queue interval. Mode d is identical to mode q except that it also prevents lookups in maps including the -D flag from working during the initial queue phase; it is intended for ``dial on demand'' sites where DNS lookups might cost real money. Some simple error messages (e.g., host unknown during the SMTP protocol) will be delayed using this mode. Mode b is the usual default. If you run in mode q (queue only), d (defer), or b (deliver in background) sendmail will not expand aliases and follow .forward files upon initial receipt of the mail. This speeds up the response to RCPT commands. Mode i should not be used by the SMTP server. I currently have the CentOS default modes: Sendmail.cf: DeliveryMode=background Submit.cf: DeliveryMode=i Is sendmail.cf/mc for outgoing email from relay (to the intertubes) and sumbit.cf/mc for incoming eamil (from my webservers). Would it make sense to change the outgoing delivery mode to queue? If I did, what would the outbound email flow behave like? If this is the right thing to do, can anyone show me example mc configurations for this change? If it isn't, what recommendations are there for these constraints?

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• How to report a bug against Ubuntu's upgrade process?

  - by Kim

  I just upgraded to lucid and discovered a nasty bug. It prevents the system from booting and took me hours to resolve. Now I'd like to report it along with the workaround I found. The only problem is: Where? Other such bugs have been filed against "update-manager", but that's just the GUI calling some scripts which do the real work. so what do I do? What should I substitute for XYZ in ubuntu-bug XYZ ?

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