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• windows 2003 server : can't join domain

  - by phill

  I originally tried to rejoin a computer to a network which led to a "cannot find domain" error. The username/password box don't even come up. some tests i ran: I can ping the server, however I can't ping the domain name domain1.local. nslookup can't find the domain either. It looks to the isp's dns instead of my own to resolve the local machines. So i go to the dns and run netdiag.exe and gives me this error. DNS test . . . . . . . . . . . . . : Failed [WARNING] Cannot find a primary authoritative DNS server for the name 'stmartinsrv.stmartin.local.'. [RCODE_SERVER_FAILURE] The name 'srv.domain1.local.' may not be registered in DNS. [WARNING] The DNS entries for this DC are not registered correctly on DNS se rver '68.94.156.1'. Please wait for 30 minutes for DNS server replication. [WARNING] The DNS entries for this DC are not registered correctly on DNS se rver '68.94.157.1'. Please wait for 30 minutes for DNS server replication. [FATAL] No DNS servers have the DNS records for this DC registered. Redir and Browser test . . . . . . : Passed List of NetBt transports currently bound to the Redir NetBT_Tcpip_{04BB0F6B-06AE-4D60-80C8-2A7A24C1D87B} The redir is bound to 1 NetBt transport. List of NetBt transports currently bound to the browser NetBT_Tcpip_{04BB0F6B-06AE-4D60-80C8-2A7A24C1D87B} The browser is bound to 1 NetBt transport. then running dcdiag C:\Program Files\Support Toolsdcdiag Domain Controller Diagnosis Performing initial setup: Done gathering initial info. Doing initial required tests Testing server: Default-First-Site-Name\SRV Starting test: Connectivity The host 1c99f63c-49ec-40db-b3d3-6265c00fbd3e._msdcs.domain1.local cou ld not be resolved to an IP address. Check the DNS server, DHCP, server name, etc Although the Guid DNS name (1c99f63c-49ec-40db-b3d3-6265c00fbd3e._msdcs.domain1.local) couldn't be resolved, the server name (srv.domain1.local) resolved to the IP address (192.168.1.21) and was pingable. Check that the IP address is registered correctly with the DNS server. ......................... SRV failed test Connectivity Doing primary tests Testing server: Default-First-Site-Name\SRV Skipping all tests, because server SRV is not responding to directory service requests Running partition tests on : ForestDnsZones Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... ForestDnsZones passed test CrossRefValidation Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... ForestDnsZones passed test CheckSDRefDom Running partition tests on : DomainDnsZones Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... DomainDnsZones passed test CrossRefValidation Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... DomainDnsZones passed test CheckSDRefDom Running partition tests on : Schema Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... Schema passed test CrossRefValidation Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... Schema passed test CheckSDRefDom Running partition tests on : Configuration Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... Configuration passed test CrossRefValidation Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... Configuration passed test CheckSDRefDom Running partition tests on : domain1 Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... domain1 passed test CrossRefValidation Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... domain1 passed test CheckSDRefDom Running enterprise tests on : domain1.local Starting test: Intersite ......................... domain1.local passed test Intersite Starting test: FsmoCheck ......................... domain1.local passed test FsmoCheck from previous postings, I've tried adding the domain suffix to the nic ip properties to both the client machine and the dc server which didn't help. note: there is only one nic on the server any ideas? thanks in advance

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• Intermittent 404 on select assets, LAMP stack

  - by Tom Lagier

  We have a LAMP stack WordPress server that is serving most assets correctly. However, one plugin's CSS file and several images are returning soft 404s roughly 20% of the time. I can't find any reference to the 404 in the access logs, but the browser is definitely receiving a 404 response from somewhere (WordPress, I would assume). When I use an alias URL that does not match the site URL but does resolve to the asset path, the resource loads correctly 100% of the time. However, using the site url only resolves for the select, problematic assets 20% of the time. You can test one of the problematic assets here: http://www.mreco.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg However the alias link always resolves correctly: http://mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg Stranger, if I attempt to access outdated content that definitely does not exist on the server, at the live URL it returns the content roughly 50% of the time. Using the alias link, it 404s 100% of the time - the correct behavior. Error log and PHP error log are clean. A sample access log (pulled from grep 'zero-cost.jpg' /var/log/httpd/mr-eco-access_log) from several refreshes of the live direct link (where I am not seeing any 404's): 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:41 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:42 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:43 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:43 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.176.201.37 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:56 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 57027 Chrome's dev tools list the following network activity before displaying 404 page content: zero-cost.jpg /wp-content/uploads/2014/05 GET 404 Not Found text/html Other 15.9?KB 73.2?KB 953?ms 947?ms My Apache configuration is standard, I've listed the virtual host entry and .htaccess file below. I can provide other parts of Apache config if necessary. Virtual host: <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/public_html/mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com ServerName www.mreco.org ServerAlias mreco.org mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com ErrorLog logs/mr-eco-error_log CustomLog logs/mr-eco-access_log common <Directory /var/www/public_html/mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com> AllowOverride All SetOutputFilter DEFLATE </Directory> </VirtualHost> .htaccess: # BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # END WordPress I have checked for multiple A records and can confirm that there is a single A record pointing at the domain: ;; ANSWER SECTION: mreco.org. 60 IN A 50.18.58.174 I'm fairly new to systems administration, and at a complete loss as to what could cause this. In the past, inconsistently 404ing assets have been because of out-of-sync instances behind a load balancer. In this case, it is a single instance behind the load balancer. Because of the inconsistency, it feels like a caching issue. We don't make use of Apache caching, and as far as I know WordPress should not be caching either. What I've done so far: Reset WordPress permalinks Disabled WordPress plugins Re-generated WordPress .htaccess file Swapped ServerName and ServerAlias directives Cleared browser cache Confirmed disk location of resources Checked PHP, access, and error logs Confirmed correct DNS setup (can post if necessary) I'm at a total loss. Thanks for helping me out!

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• How clean is deleting a computer object?

  - by Kevin

  Though quite skilled at software development, I'm a novice when it comes to Active Directory. I've noticed that AD seems to have a lot of stuff buried in the directory and schema which does not appear superficially when using simplified tools such as Active Directory Users and Computers. It kind of feels like the Windows registry, where COM classes have all kinds of intertwined references, many of which are purely by GUID, such that it's not enough to just search for anything referencing "GadgetXyz" by name in order to cleanly remove GadgetXyz. This occasionally leads to the uneasy feeling that I may have useless garbage building up in there which I have no idea how to weed out. For instance, I made the mistake a while back of trying to rename a DC, figuring I could just do it in the usual manner from Control Panel. I found references to the old name buried all over the place which made it impossible to reuse that name without considerable manual cleanup. Even long after I got it all working, I've stumbled upon the old name hidden away in LDAP. (There were no other DCs left in the picture at that time so I don't think it was a tombstone issue.) More specifically, I'm worried about the case of just outright deleting a computer from AD. I understand the cleanest way to do it is to log into the computer itself and tell it to leave the domain. (As an aside, doing this in Windows 8 seems to only disable the computer object and not delete it outright!) My concern is cases where this is not possible, for instance because it was on an already-deleted VM image. I can simply go into Active Directory Users and Computers, find the computer object, click it, and press Delete, and it seems to go away. My question is, is it totally, totally gone, or could this leave hanging references in any Active Directory nook or cranny I won't know to look in? (Excluding of course the expected tombstone records which expire after a set time.) If so, is there any good way to clean up the mess? Thank you for any insight! Kevin ps., It was over a year ago so I don't remember the exact details, but here's the gist of the DC renaming issue. I started with a single 2008 DC named ABC in a physical machine and wanted to end up instead with a DC of the same name running in a vSphere VM. Not wanting to mess with imaging the physical machine, my plan instead was: Rename ABC to XYZ. Fresh install 2008 on a VM, name it ABC, and join it to the domain. (I may have done the latter in the same step as promoting to DC; I don't recall.) dcpromo the new ABC as a 2nd DC, including GC. Make sure the new ABC replicated correctly from XYZ and then transfer the FSMO roles from XYZ to it. Once everything was confirmed to work with the new ABC alone, demote XYZ, remove the AD role, and remove it from the domain. Eventually I managed to do this but it was a much bumpier ride than expected. In particular, I got errors trying to join the new ABC to the domain. These included "The pre-windows 2000 name is already in use" and "No mapping between account names and security IDs was done." I eventually found that the computer object for XYZ had attributes that still referred to it as ABC. Among these were servicePrincipalName, msDS-AdditionalDnsHostName, and msDS-AdditionalSamAccountName. The latter I could not edit via Attribute Editor and instead had to run this against XYZ: NETDOM computername <simple-name> /add:<FQDN> There were some other hitches I don't remember exactly.

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• bind9 DNS Ubuntu names pingible on server, but not on Windows Machines?

  - by leeand00

  I setup a DNS server today on Ubuntu, following this tutorial. My intent was to setup my network for dns-name resolving on the private LAN within a single zone (nothing fancy I just want name resolution). I've tested the setup on the DNS server machine itself, and I can ping all the machines listed in the configuration file. I've also configured the Windows Machines on my network, and for some reason they are incapable of pinging by names as was possible on the DNS Server itself. I've tried running nslookup on the Windows DNS clients and I receive and error mentioning the address of the DNS server. DNS forwarding works fine, I'm not having any trouble accessing the internet, the problem only lies within accessing names within the private LAN. Here are my configuration files: options { directory "/var/cache/bind"; // If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want // to talk to, you may need to fix the firewall to allow multiple // ports to talk. See http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/800113 // If your ISP provided one or more IP addresses for stable // nameservers, you probably want to use them as forwarders. // Uncomment the following block, and insert the addresses replacing // the all-0's placeholder. // forwarders { // 0.0.0.0; // }; forwarders { 8.8.8.8; 8.8.8.4; 74.242.0.12; //68.87.76.178; }; auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035 listen-on-v6 { any; }; }; /etc/bind/named.conf.options zone "leerdomain.local" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/leerdomain.local.db"; notify no; }; zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa"; notify no; }; /etc/bind/named.conf.local Lookup: $TTL 3D @ IN SOA ns.leerdomain.local. admin.leerdomain.local. ( 2010011001 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); leerdomain.local. IN NS ns.leerdomain.local. ns IN A 192.168.2.9 asus IN A 192.168.2.254 www IN CNAME asus vaio IN A 192.168.2.253 iptouch IN A 192.168.2.252 toshiba IN A 192.168.2.251 gw IN A 192.168.2.1 TXT "Network Gateway" /etc/bind/zones/leerdomain.local.db (Validates fine with named-checkzone when validating zone leerdomain.local) Reverse Lookup: $TTL 3D @ IN SOA ns.leerdomain.local. admin.leerdomain.local. ( 201001101 28800 604800 604800 86400 ) IN NS ns.leerdomain.local. 1 IN PTR gw.leerdomain.local. 254 IN PTR asus.leerdomain.local. 253 IN PTR vaio.leerdomain.local. 252 IN PTR iptouch.leerdomain.local. 251 IN PTR toshiba.leerdomain.local. /etc/bind/zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa *(Does not validate with named-checkzone when validating zone leerdomain.local gives an error of: zone leerdomain.local/IN: NS 'ns.leerdomain.local' has no address records (A or AAAA) zone leerdomain.local/IN: not loaded due to errors. * Despite not validating bind9 starts without errors in /var/log/syslog I've also configured a few of the windows machines on my network to have the static ip as specified in the lookup and reverse lookup config files. i.e. Using nslookup yields the following results: C:\Users\leeand00>nslookup ns Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.2.9 *** UnKnown can't find ns: Non-existent domain C:\Users\leeand00>nslookup gw Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.2.9 Name: gw. Additionally trying to ping by name also fails on machines that are not the DNS Server. Is there something wrong with my configuration of either the nameserver or the Windows Boxes that is keeping me from accessing other machines using names?

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• How can I repair my USB drive?

  - by yurko

  USB drive is in read only state and I can't repair it. First of all I tried erase it using dd: root@yurko-laptop:/home/yurko-laptop# ls -l /dev/disk/by-id | grep usb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 ??? 18 23:45 usb-Generic_Flash_Disk_C173828A-0:0 -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 ??? 18 23:45 usb-Generic_Flash_Disk_C173828A-0:0-part1 -> ../../sdb1 root@yurko-laptop:/home/yurko-laptop# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb dd: ?????? ? «/dev/sdb»: ?? ?????????? ????????? ????? 8257537+0 ??????? ??????? 8257536+0 ??????? ???????? ??????????? 4227858432 ????? (4,2 GB), 942,633 c, 4,5 MB/c After that I wanted to create new filesystem using fdisk: root@yurko-laptop:/home/yurko-laptop# fdisk /dev/sdb You will not be able to write the partition table. WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 4227 MB, 4227858432 bytes 4 heads, 63 sectors/track, 32768 cylinders Units = cylinders of 252 * 512 = 129024 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 18 32768 4126596 b W95 FAT32 Command (m for help): fdisk showed that the partition still exists and I can't write the partition table. I tried to delete the existing partition: Command (m for help): d Selected partition 1 Command (m for help): w Unable to write /dev/sdb root@yurko-laptop:/home/yurko-laptop# Why am I not be able to write the partition table? Does it mean that some hardware failure occurred? And is it possible to repair the current USB drive? I've tried to use hdparm and it showed that the readonly flag is on: root@yurko-laptop:/home/yurko-laptop# hdparm /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: f0 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 26 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 multcount = 0 (off) readonly = 1 (on) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 1016/131/62, sectors = 8257536, start = 0

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• How to reset mysql's replication settings completely, without reinstalling it?

  - by user38060

  I set up mysql replication by adding references to binlogs, relay logs etc in my.cnf restarted mysql, it worked. I wanted to change it so I deleted all binlog related files including log-bin.index, removed binlog statements from my.cnf restarted server, works set master to '', purge master logs since now(), reset slave, stop slave, stop master. now, to set up replication again, I added binlog statements to the server. But then I hit this problem when restarting with: sudo mysqld (the only way to see mysql's startup errors) I get this error: /usr/sbin/mysqld: File '/etc/mysql/var/log-bin.index' not found (Errcode: 13) Because indeed, this file does not exist! (I deleted it, while trying to set up a new replication system) Hmm, if I change the config line to: log-bin-index = log-bin.index I get a different error: [ERROR] Can't generate a unique log-filename /etc/mysql/var/bin.(1-999) [ERROR] MSYQL_BIN_LOG::open failed to generate new file name. [ERROR] Aborting The first time I set up replication on this system, I didn't need to create this file. I did the same thing - added references to a previously non-existing file, and mysql created it. Same with relay logs, etc. I don't know why mysql insists on trying to read the old folder. Should I just reinstall the whole package again? That seems like overkill. my my.cnf: [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking bind-address = IP key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = BACKUP table_cache = 64 sort_buffer =64K net_buffer_length =2K query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_size = 16M slow_query_log_file = /etc/mysql/var/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 1 log-queries-not-using-indexes expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M server-id = 3 log-bin = /etc/mysql/var/bin.log log-slave-updates log-bin-index = /etc/mysql/var/log-bin.index log-error = /etc/mysql/var/error.log relay-log = /etc/mysql/var/relay.log relay-log-info-file = /etc/mysql/var/relay-log.info relay-log-index = /etc/mysql/var/relay-log.index auto_increment_increment = 10 auto_increment_offset = 3 master-host = HOST master-user = USER master-password=PWD replicate-do-db = DBNAME collation_server=utf8_unicode_ci character_set_server=utf8 skip-character-set-client-handshake [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 16M sort_buffer_size = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ Update: Changing all the /etc/mysql/var/xxx paths in binlog & relay log statements to local has somehow solved the problem. I thought it was apparmor causing it at first, but when I added /etc/mysql/* rw, to apparmor's config and restarted it, it still couldn't read the full path.

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• BUILDROOT files during RPM generation

  - by khmarbaise

  Currently i have the following spec file to create a RPM. The spec file is generated by maven plugin to produce a RPM out of it. The question is: will i find files which are mentioned in the spec file after the rpm generation inside the BUILDROOT/SPECS/SOURCES/SRPMS structure? %define _unpackaged_files_terminate_build 0 Name: rpm-1 Version: 1.0 Release: 1 Summary: rpm-1 License: 2009 my org Distribution: My App Vendor: my org URL: www.my.org Group: Application/Collectors Packager: my org Provides: project Requires: /bin/sh Requires: jre >= 1.5 Requires: BASE_PACKAGE PreReq: dependency Obsoletes: project autoprov: yes autoreq: yes BuildRoot: /home/build/.jenkins/jobs/rpm-maven-plugin/workspace/target/it/rpm-1/target/rpm/rpm-1/buildroot %description %install if [ -e $RPM_BUILD_ROOT ]; then mv /home/build/.jenkins/jobs/rpm-maven-plugin/workspace/target/it/rpm-1/target/rpm/rpm-1/tmp-buildroot/* $RPM_BUILD_ROOT else mv /home/build/.jenkins/jobs/rpm-maven-plugin/workspace/target/it/rpm-1/target/rpm/rpm-1/tmp-buildroot $RPM_BUILD_ROOT fi ln -s /usr/myusr/app $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/myusr/app2 ln -s /tmp/myapp/somefile $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/tmp/myapp/somefile2 ln -s name.sh $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/myusr/app/bin/oldname.sh %files %defattr(-,myuser,mygroup,-) %dir "/usr/myusr/app" "/usr/myusr/app2" "/tmp/myapp/somefile" "/tmp/myapp/somefile2" "/usr/myusr/app/lib" %attr(755,myuser,mygroup) "/usr/myusr/app/bin/start.sh" %attr(755,myuser,mygroup) "/usr/myusr/app/bin/filter-version.txt" %attr(755,myuser,mygroup) "/usr/myusr/app/bin/name.sh" %attr(755,myuser,mygroup) "/usr/myusr/app/bin/name-Linux.sh" %attr(755,myuser,mygroup) "/usr/myusr/app/bin/filter.txt" %attr(755,myuser,mygroup) "/usr/myusr/app/bin/oldname.sh" %dir "/usr/myusr/app/conf" %config "/usr/myusr/app/conf/log4j.xml" "/usr/myusr/app/conf/log4j.xml.deliver" %prep echo "hello from prepare" %pre -p /bin/sh #!/bin/sh if [ -s "/etc/init.d/myapp" ] then /etc/init.d/myapp stop rm /etc/init.d/myapp fi %post #!/bin/sh #create soft link script to services directory ln -s /usr/myusr/app/bin/start.sh /etc/init.d/myapp chmod 555 /etc/init.d/myapp %preun #!/bin/sh #the argument being passed in indicates how many versions will exist #during an upgrade, this value will be 1, in which case we do not want to stop #the service since the new version will be running once this script is called #during an uninstall, the value will be 0, in which case we do want to stop #the service and remove the /etc/init.d script. if [ "$1" = "0" ] then if [ -s "/etc/init.d/myapp" ] then /etc/init.d/myapp stop rm /etc/init.d/myapp fi fi; %triggerin -- dependency, dependency1 echo "hello from install" %changelog * Tue May 23 2000 Vincent Danen <[email protected]> 0.27.2-2mdk -update BuildPreReq to include rep-gtk and rep-gtkgnome * Thu May 11 2000 Vincent Danen <[email protected]> 0.27.2-1mdk -0.27.2 * Thu May 11 2000 Vincent Danen <[email protected]> 0.27.1-2mdk -added BuildPreReq -change name from Sawmill to Sawfish The problem i found is that the files (filter.txt in particular) after the generation process on a Ubuntu system but not on SuSE system. Which might be caused by different rpm versions ? Currently we have an integration test which fails based on the non existing of the file (filter.txt under a buildroot folder?)

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• networking tunnel adapter connections?

  - by Karthik Balaguru

  I understand that Tunnel Adapter LAN is for encapsulating IPv6 packets with an IPv4 header so that they can be sent across an IPv4 network. Few queries popped up in my mind based on this :- If i do 'ipconfig', Apart from ethernet adapter LAN details, I get a series of statments as below - Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 6 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 7 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 12 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 13 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 14 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 15 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 16 Except for the *16, all the other Tunnel Adapter Local Area Connections show Media Disconnected. Why is the numbering for the Tunnel adapter LAN not sequential? It is like 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. A strange numbering scheme! I tried to figure it out by thinking of some arithmetic series. But, it does not seem to fit in. There is a huge gap between 7 and 12. Any ideas? What is the need for so many Tunnel Adapter LAN connections? Can you tell me a scenario that requires all of those ? I did ipconfig /all to get more information. From the listing, I understand that: 16, 15, 14, 12 are Microsoft 6to4 Adapters 13, 6 are isatap Adapters 7 is Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-interface I understand that the above are for automatic tunneling so that the tunnel endpoints are determined automatically by the routing infrastructure. 6to4 is recommended by RFC3056 for automatic tunneling that uses protocol 41 for encapsulation. It is typically used when an end-user wants to connect to the IPv6 Internet using their existing IPv4 connection. Teredo is an automatic tunneling technique that uses UDP encapsulation across multiple NATs. That is, It is to grant IPv6 connectivity to nodes that are located behind IPv6-unaware NAT devices ISATAP treats the IPv4 network as a virtual IPv6 local link, with mappings from each IPv4 address to a link-local IPv6 address. That is to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of an IPv4 network. That is, to put in simple words, ISATAP is an intra-site mechanism, while the 6to4 and Teredo are for inter-site tunnelling mechanisms. It seems that Teredo should alone enabled by default in Vista, But my system does not show it to be enabled by default. Interestingly, it shows a 6to4 tunnel adapter (Tunnel adapter LAN connection 16) to be enabled by default? Any specific reasons for it? If i do ipconfig /all, why is only one Teredo present while four 6to4 are present ? I searched the internet for answers to the above queries, but I am unable to find clear answers.

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• Duplicate DNS Zones (Error 4515 in Event Log )

  - by Campo

  I am getting these two error in the DNS Event log (errors at end of question). I have confirmed I do have duplicate zones. I am wondering which ones to delete. The DomainDNSZone contains all of our DNS records but it does not have the _msdcs zone.... that is in the ForestDNSZone with the duplicates that are not in use. here is a picture of that 3 Questions. I understand the advantages of having DNS in the ForestDNSZone. so... Why is DNS using the DomainDNSZone and is that acceptable considering _msdcs... is in the ForestDNSZone? If so, should I just delete the DC=1.168.192.in-addr.arpa and DC=supernova.local from the ForestDNSZone? Or should I try to get those to be the ones in use? What are those steps? I understand how to delete. That is simple but if i must move zones some info would be appreaciated there. Just to confirm. from my understanding. I can delete the two duplicates in the ForestDNSZone and leave the _msdcs.supernova.local as thats required there. This will resolve the erros I see. Just fyi when I look in those folders from the ForestDNSZone they have just 2 and 1 entries respectively. So obviously not in use compared to the others. I am pretty sure I understand the steps to complete this. But if you would like to provide that info, bonus points! Event Type: Warning Event Source: DNS Event Category: None Event ID: 4515 Date: 1/4/2011 Time: 2:14:18 PM User: N/A Computer: STANLEY Description: The zone 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa was previously loaded from the directory partition DomainDnsZones.supernova.local but another copy of the zone has been found in directory partition ForestDnsZones.supernova.local. The DNS Server will ignore this new copy of the zone. Please resolve this conflict as soon as possible. If an administrator has moved this zone from one directory partition to another this may be a harmless transient condition. In this case, no action is necessary. The deletion of the original copy of the zone should soon replicate to this server. If there are two copies of this zone in two different directory partitions but this is not a transient caused by a zone move operation then one of these copies should be deleted as soon as possible to resolve this conflict. To change the replication scope of an application directory partition containing DNS zones and for more details on storing DNS zones in the application directory partitions, please see Help and Support. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. Data: 0000: 89 25 00 00 %.. AND Event Type: Warning Event Source: DNS Event Category: None Event ID: 4515 Date: 1/4/2011 Time: 2:14:18 PM User: N/A Computer: STANLEY Description: The zone supernova.local was previously loaded from the directory partition DomainDnsZones.supernova.local but another copy of the zone has been found in directory partition ForestDnsZones.supernova.local. The DNS Server will ignore this new copy of the zone. Please resolve this conflict as soon as possible. If an administrator has moved this zone from one directory partition to another this may be a harmless transient condition. In this case, no action is necessary. The deletion of the original copy of the zone should soon replicate to this server. If there are two copies of this zone in two different directory partitions but this is not a transient caused by a zone move operation then one of these copies should be deleted as soon as possible to resolve this conflict. To change the replication scope of an application directory partition containing DNS zones and for more details on storing DNS zones in the application directory partitions, please see Help and Support. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. Data: 0000: 89 25 00 00 %..

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• Linux not picking up new partition correctly on emc pseudo device

  - by James

  Hi We have a database server running oracle rac. We were recently running out of space on the main LUN that it is attached to. I created a new 100GB LUN and concatenated this onto the existing LUN creating a new MetaLUN. After some messing I managed to get linux to recognise the new space. I then created a new partition in on the pseudo device, to use the new space. Previously when I have done this on other system the next step is to create an ASM disk on the new partition and add this disk to the oracle disk group. This however fails. I am aware of various issues with ASM and powerpath, but I don't think this is the issue here. As on while investigating the issue I discovered that one of the underlying logical device is not reflecting the size change. See below; Powermt displays all of the underlying logical units [root@XXXXX~]# powermt display dev=emcpowerd Pseudo name=emcpowerd CLARiiON ID=CKM00091500009 [VFRAC2] Logical device ID=6006016030312200787502866C65DE11 [LUN 30] state=alive; policy=CLAROpt; priority=0; queued-IOs=0 Owner: default=SP A, current=SP A Array failover mode: 1 ============================================================================== ---------------- Host --------------- - Stor - -- I/O Path - -- Stats --- ### HW Path I/O Paths Interf. Mode State Q-IOs Errors ============================================================================== 3 qla2xxx sde SP A0 active alive 0 0 3 qla2xxx sdj SP B0 active alive 0 0 4 qla2xxx sdo SP A1 active alive 0 0 4 qla2xxx sdt SP B1 active alive 0 0 Fdisk on the pseudo device shows correct space. [root@XXXXX ~]# fdisk -l /dev/emcpowerd Disk /dev/emcpowerd: 429.4 GB, 429496729600 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 52216 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/emcpowerd1 1 39162 314568733+ 83 Linux /dev/emcpowerd2 39163 52216 104856255 83 Linux fdisk on one of the logical units is wrong [root@XXXXX~]# fdisk -l /dev/sde Disk /dev/sde: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 39162 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 39162 314568733+ 83 Linux /dev/sde2 39163 52216 104856255 83 Linux fdisk on the rest of the units is fine [root@XXXXX ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdj Disk /dev/sdj: 429.4 GB, 429496729600 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 52216 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdj1 1 39162 314568733+ 83 Linux /dev/sdj2 39163 52216 104856255 83 Linux Also when I created the the partition linux did not create the any entries in the /dev directory for the second partition so I created these manually [root@XXXXX dev]# mknod sde2 b 8 66 [root@XXXXX dev]# ls -al sd[ejot]? brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 65 Dec 29 14:20 sde1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 8, 66 Apr 8 20:31 sde2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 145 Dec 29 14:19 sdj1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 8, 146 Apr 8 20:33 sdj2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 225 Apr 6 23:12 sdo1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 8, 226 Apr 8 20:33 sdo2 brw-r----- 1 root disk 65, 49 Dec 29 14:19 sdt1 brw-r--r-- 1 root disk 65, 50 Apr 8 20:33 sdt2 This is a production server that we cannot easily reboot. Any ideas would be much appreciated. J

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• Win 8: Adding a boot volume to an MBR dynamic disk [NOT about changing to basic disks]

  - by Stilez

  (This is NOT aiming to convert to basic disk. In this question, the disk stays dynamic but becomes bootable) There doesn't seem to be a clear, well stated answer I can find, for the question "What are the criteria for Windows 8 to successfully boot from an MBR dynamic disk", or "how do I fix a dynamic MBR partition that's failing boot"? I've tried to educate myself but can't find crucial information to clear it all up. My existing HDD/SSD setup: DISK 0 ~ 60GB SSD/MBR/basic: (350MB recovery)(60GB windows 8 bootable) DISK 1 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(60GB unallocated)(410GB mirrored data) DISK 2 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(60GB unallocated)(410GB mirrored data) DISKS 3, 4, 5: (ignored for simplicity: 2xHDD RAID1 + caching SSD) I'm heavy duty on data crunching and virtualisation, just maxxed out 32GB RAM @ 2133 and moved to 4960X + 64GB. Disk 0 is a pure system disk of little value, and virtualisations runs off mirrored SSDs (Samsung 840 Pro 512 x 2) for double speed reading and so they snapshot in reasonable time. I'm using 4 SATA3 ports and the board only has two decent Intel ports (onboard Marvell are poorer quality). I'm wary of choosing between LSI, HighPoint and other 3rd party controllers as I'm unfamiliar with the maze of decent RAID cards (that's a whole other issue!). I want to cut down my SSD needs by moving the boot volume and caching volume to the 840 pros, giving a setup with 2 fewer SSDs: DISK 0 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(60GB boot)(410GB mirrored data) DISK 1 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(30GB cache for the ICH10R mirror)(30GB temp)(410GB mirrored data) DISKS 2, 3: (2xHDD RAID1) Intel's RST allows this, Win 8 allows booting off a MBR/dynamic disk, and the two 60GB SSDs are hardly the fastest SSDs anyway, they'll get repurposed. Moving the caching volume is easy. Moving the boot volume has me stumped. The difficulty is, I'm hitting a wall of knowledge here. I have a UEFI Asus motherboard with an previous traditional MBR/basic boot disk, and I want it to boot from a disk and volume that's MBR/dynamic. The disk copy is physically ok (Partition Wizard Server will copy to dynamic volumes) but then hits a light blue 0xc000000e boot error. No real surprise, I expected to have some boot fixing, but had expected Windows to boot-fix it (all drivers exist), or the usual manual fixes to work. Specifically, I don't know enough, to know what's got to be manually checked and perhaps corrected for the disk to boot (legacy/uefi/bios, odd partitions, boot tables, disk IDs, hidden boot files, oh my!), or if I need to change any of this secure boot/UEFI/legacy stuff in the bios, convert a 512 SSD to basic and then back to dynamic when working, or if the issue is pure OS config using "diskpart", "bootsect" and "bootrec" from the Win8 DVD. The old system disk still boots but I don't know enough to figure what to fix, to make the system boot as I want. The answers probably aren't hard but the real issue is my confusion and missing information. Thanks for helping!

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• Connecting multiple ColdFusion 10 instances to a single Apache 2.2 server

  - by Adam Cameron

  This is on Windows 7 Home Premium edition. I have got two ColdFusion 10 (updater 2) instances: "cfusion" (the default one), and "scratch". I have got a single instance of Apache 2.2 running. Within Apache, I have set up two virtual hosts, each of which needs to be served by a different ColdFusion instance. Each of the CF instances serves files fine via Tomcat's internal web server. Apache serves vanilla HTML files fine too. So both CF instances, and both virtual hosts separately work OK. I can get wsconfig.exe to connect either one of the CF instances to the Apache server, and serve CF files via Apache & that instance. However I cannot find a way of connecting the second CF instance to Apache as well, so that both CF instances are conected, each serving one of the virtual hosts. WSConfig doesn't seem to understand the notion of "multiple CF instances", and the changes it makes to the httpd.conf (via mod_jk.conf) does not seem to be implemented in such a way as to accommodate multiple CF instances talking to a single Apache instance, or multiple virtual hosts. I freely admit to not being confident enough with how mod_jk (or even really httpd.conf) works to be able to guess if I can change stuff to make it work. If I try to add the second CF instance using WSConfig, I just get a message "the web server is already configured for ColdFusion". Be that as it may... not the instance of ColdFusion I want to connect it to! If I remove the existing connector to whichever instance is already connected, I can then connect the other one no problems. Not that this helps, but it demonstrates that the CF instance can connect to Apache. This all used to be fairly straight fwd under older versions of CF and JRun :-( The only docs I have found are on the "Connect multiple Apache virtual hosts on a web server to a single ColdFusion server" page, but that specifically only deals with a single CF instance. There is no equivalent page for multiple CF instances. I'm kinda hoping I can move some of the mod_jk config into my virtual host entries in httpd-vhosts.conf (this is how it used to work for JRun), but I've no idea what to put where. I think I've covered all the necessary info here? If not, sing out and I'll add more. Thanks. PS: tried to specifically tag this as "ColdFusion-10" as the answer will be different from previous CF versions, but it won't let me cos my rep on this site is too low (odd how it doesn't consider my rep from other S/O sites...). If someone with sufficient rep can add it, that'd be cool: it's probably a valid tag to have. Ta.

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• FTP not listing files behind firewall (setsockopt (ignored): Permission denied)

  - by KennyDs

  We are developing a Magento application that has a module that works with FTP. Today we deployed this on the testing environment which is setup in the following way: Gateway server which has the following iptables rules: # iptables -L -n -v Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 2 packets, 130 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 165 13720 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 7 packets, 606 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth1 eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 15 965 ACCEPT all -- eth0 eth1 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 REJECT all -- eth1 eth1 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 126 packets, 31690 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination These are set at runtime via the following bash script: #!/bin/sh PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin # # delete all existing rules. # iptables -F iptables -t nat -F iptables -t mangle -F iptables -X # Always accept loopback traffic iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Allow established connections, and those not coming from the outside iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing connections from the LAN side. iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT # Masquerade. iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE # Don't forward from the outside to the inside. iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth1 -j REJECT # Enable routing. echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward The gateway server is connected to the WAN via eth1 and is connected to the internal network via eth0. One of the servers from eth1 has the following problem when trying to list files over ftp: $ ftp -vd myftpserver.com Connected to myftpserver.com 220 Welcome to MY FTP Server ftp: setsockopt: Bad file descriptor Name (myftpserver.com:magento): XXXXXXXX ---> USER XXXXXXXX 331 User XXXXXXXX, password please Password: ---> PASS XXXX 230 Password Ok, User logged in ---> SYST 215 UNIX Type: L8 Remote system type is UNIX. Using binary mode to transfer files. ftp> ls ftp: setsockopt (ignored): Permission denied ---> PORT 192,168,19,15,135,75 421 Service not available, remote server has closed connection When I try listing the files in passive mode, same result. When I run the same command on the gateway server, everything works fine so I believe that the issue is happening because of the iptables rules not forwarding properly. Does anyone have an idea which rule I need to add to make this work?

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• Problems migrating an EBS backed instance over AWS Regions

  - by gshankar

  Note: I asked this question on the EC2 forums too but haven't received any love there. Hopefully the ServerFault community will be more awesome. The new AWS Sydney region opening up is something that we've been waiting for for a long time but I'm having a lot of trouble migrating our instances over from N. California. I managed to migrate 1 instance over using CloudyScripts to move a snapshot and then firing up a new instance in the Sydney region. This was a very new instance so both the source and destination were running on a Ubuntu 12.04 LTS server and I had no issues there. However, the rest of our instances are all Ubuntu 10.04 LTS and with these, I'm having a lot of problems. I've tried following: 1- following the AWS whitepaper on moving instances which was given to us at the recent Customer Appreciation Day in Sydney where the new region was launched. The problem with this approach was with the last step (Step 19) here you register the image: ec2-register -s snap-0f62ec3f -n "Wombat" -d "migrated Wombat" --region ap-southeast-2 -a x86_64 --kernel aki-937e2ed6 --block-device-mapping "/dev/sdk=ephemeral0" I keep getting this error: Client.InvalidAMIID.NotFound: The AMI ID 'ami-937e2ed6' does not exist which I think is due to the kernel_id not existing in the Sydney region? 2- Using CloudyScripts to move a snapshot and then creating a new volume and attaching to a new instance in Sydney This results in the instance just hanging on boot and failing the status checks. I can't SSH in or look at the server log I suspect that my issue is with finding the right kernel_id for the volume in the new region. However I can't seem to work out how to go about finding this kernel_id, the ones I've tried (from the original instance) don't result in the Client.InvalidAMIID.NotFound: The AMI ID 'ami-937e2ed6' error and any other kernel_id just won't boot. I've tried both 12.04 and 10.04 versions of Ubuntu. Nothing seems to work, I've been banging my head against a wall for a while now, please help! New (broken) instance i-a1acda9b ami-9b8611a1 aki-31990e0b Source instance i-08a6664e ami-b37e2ef6 aki-937e2ed6 p.s. I also tried following this guide on updating my Ubuntu LTS version to 12.04 before doing the migration but it didn't seem to work either, still getting stuck on updating the kernel_id http://ubuntu-smoser.blogspot.com.au/2010/04/upgrading-ebs-instance.html

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• networking tunnel adapter connections?

  - by Karthik Balaguru

  I understand that Tunnel Adapter LAN is for encapsulating IPv6 packets with an IPv4 header so that they can be sent across an IPv4 network. Few queries popped up in my mind based on this :- If i do 'ipconfig', Apart from ethernet adapter LAN details, I get a series of statments as below - Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 6 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 7 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 12 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 13 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 14 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 15 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 16 Except for the *16, all the other Tunnel Adapter Local Area Connections show Media Disconnected. Why is the numbering for the Tunnel adapter LAN not sequential? It is like 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. A strange numbering scheme! I tried to figure it out by thinking of some arithmetic series. But, it does not seem to fit in. There is a huge gap between 7 and 12. Any ideas? What is the need for so many Tunnel Adapter LAN connections? Can you tell me a scenario that requires all of those ? I did ipconfig /all to get more information. From the listing, I understand that: 16, 15, 14, 12 are Microsoft 6to4 Adapters 13, 6 are isatap Adapters 7 is Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-interface I understand that the above are for automatic tunneling so that the tunnel endpoints are determined automatically by the routing infrastructure. 6to4 is recommended by RFC3056 for automatic tunneling that uses protocol 41 for encapsulation. It is typically used when an end-user wants to connect to the IPv6 Internet using their existing IPv4 connection. Teredo is an automatic tunneling technique that uses UDP encapsulation across multiple NATs. That is, It is to grant IPv6 connectivity to nodes that are located behind IPv6-unaware NAT devices ISATAP treats the IPv4 network as a virtual IPv6 local link, with mappings from each IPv4 address to a link-local IPv6 address. That is to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of an IPv4 network. That is, to put in simple words, ISATAP is an intra-site mechanism, while the 6to4 and Teredo are for inter-site tunnelling mechanisms. It seems that Teredo should alone enabled by default in Vista, But my system does not show it to be enabled by default. Interestingly, it shows a 6to4 tunnel adapter (Tunnel adapter LAN connection 16) to be enabled by default? Any specific reasons for it? If i do ipconfig /all, why is only one Teredo present while four 6to4 are present ? I searched the internet for answers to the above queries, but I am unable to find clear answers.

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• Setting up a home server - what to use? (ZFS vs btrfs, BSD vs Linux, misc other requirements)

  - by monch1962

  I need to get all our home content off individual machines and onto a central server. What I'd like to have is the metaphorical "server under the stairs". Stuff we need: expandable storage. I want to be able to add extra disc as we go along, with minimal maintenance required. Currently we've got about 3Tb of files we need to host, and that's likely to grow by another Tb every 6-12 months based on recent history. I need to be able to add additional disc with minimal pain needs to store all the media (i.e. photos, video, music) we have, and run services to serve the various devices we have in the house to playback (e.g. DAAP so we can play stuff through iTunes, ccxstream so we can play stuff over XBMC). DAAP and ccxstream are needed now, but we also need to support new standards as they emerge (so a closed-box solution isn't going to work) RAID 5, or something broadly equivalent (e.g. RAID-Z) BitTorrent client ssh, NFS, Samba access snapshot capability (as in ZFS), so we can snapshot individual file systems regularly and rollback when my kids delete their school assignments the day before they're due... ability to recover quickly from power outages (it's not unusual for us to have power outages that last longer than our UPS' batteries) FOSS software a modern distributed version control system running on the box, such as Mercurial Stuff I'd like to have on the server, but can live without: PVR capability, so I could record TV to the box Web server. We currently run a small Web server on a very old box, and I'd ideally like to turn the old box off and move the content to the new server just to save some electricity Nagios + mrtg I've been looking at using a EEE Box as the server, primarily because I can get them cheap and they don't consume much power. The choice of OS and file system is more difficult, from what I've found: I've got most experience with various Linux distros, but am happy to use another Unix FreeBSD and OpenSolaris seem to be the best choices for hosting ZFS OpenSolaris' hardware support is nowhere near as good as e.g. Ubuntu btrfs, while looking very good, doesn't seem ready for prime-time yet ZFS doesn't let you (easily?) add new discs to a RAID5 or RAID-Z reading around, it seems that ZFS is a bit short of tools for recovering lost data At the moment, I'm leaning towards running FreeNAS+ZFS, but I'm concerned about the requirement to be able to add new disc on a fairly regular basis to an existing RAID-Z. Can anyone provide some recommendations, or share experiences? Thanks in advance

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• Setting up a home server - what to use? (ZFS vs btrfs, BSD vs Linux, misc other requirements)

  - by monch1962

  I need to get all our home content off individual machines and onto a central server. What I'd like to have is the metaphorical "server under the stairs". Stuff we need: expandable storage. I want to be able to add extra disc as we go along, with minimal maintenance required. Currently we've got about 3Tb of files we need to host, and that's likely to grow by another Tb every 6-12 months based on recent history. I need to be able to add additional disc with minimal pain needs to store all the media (i.e. photos, video, music) we have, and run services to serve the various devices we have in the house to playback (e.g. DAAP so we can play stuff through iTunes, ccxstream so we can play stuff over XBMC). DAAP and ccxstream are needed now, but we also need to support new standards as they emerge (so a closed-box solution isn't going to work) RAID 5, or something broadly equivalent (e.g. RAID-Z) BitTorrent client ssh, NFS, Samba access snapshot capability (as in ZFS), so we can snapshot individual file systems regularly and rollback when my kids delete their school assignments the day before they're due... ability to recover quickly from power outages (it's not unusual for us to have power outages that last longer than our UPS' batteries) FOSS software a modern distributed version control system running on the box, such as Mercurial Stuff I'd like to have on the server, but can live without: PVR capability, so I could record TV to the box Web server. We currently run a small Web server on a very old box, and I'd ideally like to turn the old box off and move the content to the new server just to save some electricity Nagios + mrtg I've been looking at using a EEE Box as the server, primarily because I can get them cheap and they don't consume much power. The choice of OS and file system is more difficult, from what I've found: I've got most experience with various Linux distros, but am happy to use another Unix FreeBSD and OpenSolaris seem to be the best choices for hosting ZFS OpenSolaris' hardware support is nowhere near as good as e.g. Ubuntu btrfs, while looking very good, doesn't seem ready for prime-time yet ZFS doesn't let you (easily?) add new discs to a RAID5 or RAID-Z reading around, it seems that ZFS is a bit short of tools for recovering lost data At the moment, I'm leaning towards running FreeNAS+ZFS, but I'm concerned about the requirement to be able to add new disc on a fairly regular basis to an existing RAID-Z. Can anyone provide some recommendations, or share experiences? Thanks in advance

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• Setting up a home server - what to use? (ZFS vs btrfs, BSD vs Linux, misc other requirements)

  - by monch1962

  I need to get all our home content off individual machines and onto a central server. What I'd like to have is the metaphorical "server under the stairs". Stuff we need: expandable storage. I want to be able to add extra disc as we go along, with minimal maintenance required. Currently we've got about 3Tb of files we need to host, and that's likely to grow by another Tb every 6-12 months based on recent history. I need to be able to add additional disc with minimal pain needs to store all the media (i.e. photos, video, music) we have, and run services to serve the various devices we have in the house to playback (e.g. DAAP so we can play stuff through iTunes, ccxstream so we can play stuff over XBMC). DAAP and ccxstream are needed now, but we also need to support new standards as they emerge (so a closed-box solution isn't going to work) RAID 5, or something broadly equivalent (e.g. RAID-Z) BitTorrent client ssh, NFS, Samba access snapshot capability (as in ZFS), so we can snapshot individual file systems regularly and rollback when my kids delete their school assignments the day before they're due... ability to recover quickly from power outages (it's not unusual for us to have power outages that last longer than our UPS' batteries) FOSS software a modern distributed version control system running on the box, such as Mercurial Stuff I'd like to have on the server, but can live without: PVR capability, so I could record TV to the box Web server. We currently run a small Web server on a very old box, and I'd ideally like to turn the old box off and move the content to the new server just to save some electricity Nagios + mrtg I've been looking at using a EEE Box as the server, primarily because I can get them cheap and they don't consume much power. The choice of OS and file system is more difficult, from what I've found: I've got most experience with various Linux distros, but am happy to use another Unix FreeBSD and OpenSolaris seem to be the best choices for hosting ZFS OpenSolaris' hardware support is nowhere near as good as e.g. Ubuntu btrfs, while looking very good, doesn't seem ready for prime-time yet ZFS doesn't let you (easily?) add new discs to a RAID5 or RAID-Z reading around, it seems that ZFS is a bit short of tools for recovering lost data At the moment, I'm leaning towards running FreeNAS+ZFS, but I'm concerned about the requirement to be able to add new disc on a fairly regular basis to an existing RAID-Z. Can anyone provide some recommendations, or share experiences? Thanks in advance

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• Bypass DNSSEC for local Stub zones

  - by Starsky

  I am using bind 9.9.2 as a DNSSEC validating recursive resolver in an Internet DMZ. I want to point to my internal DNS servers as stub zones (ideally) or anything except slave zones (to avoid very large zone transfers). We use a routable ip space for our Internal addressing. Sorry if I am using an IP space that you own in my example, but 167.x.x.x is the first zone I found that fits my issue. E.G dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-accept-expired no; zone "16.172.in-addr.arpa" { type stub; masters { 167.255.1.53; } } zone "myzone.com" in { type stub; masters { 167.255.1.53; } } When queries hit the DNS server, they attempt at being validated, and fail because 167.in-addr.arpa HAS an RRSIG record, but sub zones do not (and should not!). Google dns is used in this example, but in reality it would be my recursive resolver. @8.8.8.8 -x 167.255.1.53 +dnssec ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 17488 ;; flags: qr rd ra ad; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags: do; udp: 512 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;53.1.255.167.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 167.in-addr.arpa. 1800 IN SOA z.arin.net. dns-ops.arin.net. 2013100713 1800 900 691200 10800 167.in-addr.arpa. 1800 IN RRSIG SOA 5 3 86400 20131017160124 20131007160124 812 167.in-addr.arpa. Lcl8sCps7LapnAj4n403KXx7A3GO7+2z/9Q2R2mwkh9FL26iDx7GlU4+ NufGd92IEJCdBu9IgcZP4I9QcKi8DI28og27WrfKd5moSl/STj02GliS qPTfNiewmTTIDw5++IlhITbp+CoJuZCRCdDbyWKmd5NSLcbskAwbCVlO vVA= 167.in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN NSEC 1.167.in-addr.arpa. NS SOA TXT RRSIG NSEC DNSKEY 167.in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN RRSIG NSEC 5 3 10800 20131017160124 20131007160124 812 167.in-addr.arpa. XALsd59i+XGvCIzjhTUFXcr11/M8prcaaPQ5yFSbvP9TzqjJ3wpizvH6 202MdrIWbsT1Dndri49lHKAXgBQ5OOsUmOh+eoRYR5okxRO4VLc5Tkze Gh0fQLcwGXPuv9A4SFNIrNyi3XU4Qvq0cViKXIuEGTa3C+zMPuvc0her oKk= 254.167.in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN NSEC 26.167.in-addr.arpa. NS RRSIG NSEC 254.167.in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN RRSIG NSEC 5 4 10800 20131017160124 20131007160124 812 167.in-addr.arpa. xnsLBTnPhdyABdvqtEHPxa6Y6NASfYAWfW1yYlNliTyV8TFeNOqewjwj nY43CWD77ftFDDQTLFEOPpV5vwmnUGYTRztK+kB5UrlflhPgiqYiBaBD RQaFQ8DIKaof8/snusZjK7aNmfe09t9gRcaX/pXn3liKz7m/ggxZi0f9 xo0= ;; Query time: 31 msec ;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) ;; WHEN: Mon Oct 7 16:52:59 2013 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 722 Is there a way to bypass DNSSEC validation for specific zones? Any zone that I host internally, I do not want DNSSEC validation performed on. I have only see this interfere w/ certain reverse zones where the top level has DS/RRSIG records. Thanks.

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• Exchange 2003-Exchange 2010 post migration GAL/OAB problem

  - by user68726

  I am very new to Exchange so forgive my newbie-ness. I've exhausted Google trying to find a way to solve my problem so I'm hoping some of you gurus can shed some light on my next steps. Please forgive my bungling around through this. The problem I cannot download/update the Global Address List (GAL) and Offline Address Book (OAB) on my Outlook 2010 clients. I get: Task 'emailaddress' reported error (0x8004010F) : 'The operation failed. An object cannot be found.' ---- error. I'm using cached exchange mode, which if I turn off Outlook hangs completely from the moment I start it up. (Note I've replaced my actual email address with 'emailaddress') Background information I migrated mailboxes, public store, etc. from a Small Business Server 2003 with Exchange 2003 box to a Server 2008 R2 with Exchange 2010 based primarily on an experts exchange how to article. The exchange server is up and running as an internet facing exchange server with all of the roles necessary to send and receive mail and in that capacity is working fine. I "thought" I had successfully migrated everything from the SBS03 box, and due to huge amounts of errors in everything from AD to the Exchange install itself I removed the reference to the SBS03 server in adsiedit. I've still got access to the old SBS03 box, but as I said the number of errors in everything is preventing even the uninstall of Exchange (or the starting of the Exchange Information Store service), so I'm quite content to leave that box completely out of the picture while trying to solve my problem. After research I discovered this is most likely because I failed to run the “update-globaladdresslist” (or get / update) command from the Exchange shell before I removed the Exchange 2003 server from adsiedit (and the network). If I run the command now it gives me: WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Offline Address Book - first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Schedule+ Free Busy Information – first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameArchive" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameContacts" is invalid and couldn't be updated. (Note that I’ve replaced my domain with “domainname.com” and my organization name with “containername”) What I’ve tried I don’t want to use the old OAB, or GAL, I don’t care about either, our GAL and distribution lists needed to be organized anyway, so at this point I really just want to get rid of the old reference to the “first administrative group” and move on. I’ve tried to create a new GAL and tell Exchange 2010 to use that GAL instead of the old GAL, but I'm obviously missing some of the commands or something dumb I need to do to start over with a blank slate/GAL/OAB. I'm very tempted to completely delete the entire "first administrative group" tree from adsiedit and see if that gets rid of the ridiculous reference that no longer exists but I dont want to break something else. Commands run to try to create a new GAL and tell exch10 to use that GAL: New-globaladdresslist –name NAMEOFNEWGAL Set-globaladdresslist GUID –name NAMEOFNEWGAL This did nothing for me except now when I run get-globaladdresslist or with the | FL pipe I see two GALs listed, the “default global address list” and the “NAMEOFNEWGAL” that I created. After a little more research this morning it looks like you can't change/delete/remove the default address list, and the only way to do what I'm trying to do would be to maybe remove the default address list via adsiedit and recreate with a command something like new-GlobalAddressList -Name "Default Global Address List" -IncludedRecipients AllRecipients. This would be acceptable but I've searched and searched and can't find instructions or a breakdown of where exactly the default GAL lives in AD, and if I'd have to remove multiple child references/records. Of interest I'm getting an event ID 9337 in my application log OALGen did not find any recipients in address list \Global Address List. This offline address list will not be generated. -\NAMEOFMYOAB --------- on my Exchange 2010 box, which pretty much to me seems to confirm my suspicion that the empty GAL/OAB is what's causing the Outlook client 0x8004010F error. Help please!

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• kvm and qemu host: Is there a limit for max CPUs (Ubuntu 10.04)?

  - by Valentin

  Today we encountered a really strange behaviour on two identical kvm and qemu hosts. The host systems each have 4 x 10 Cores, which means that 40 physical cores are displayed as 80 within the operating system (Ubuntu Linux 10.04 64 Bit). We started a Windows 2003 32 Bit VM (1 CPU, 1 GB RAM, we changed those values multiple times) on one of the nodes and noticed that it took 15 minutes until the boot process began. During those 15 minutes, a black screen is shown and nothing happens. libvirt and the host system show that the qemu-kvm process for the guest is almost idling. stracing this process only shows some FUTEX entries, but nothing special. After those 15 minutes, the Windows VM suddenly starts booting and the Windows logo occurs. After a few seconds, the VM is ready to be used. The VM itself is very performant, so this is no performance issue. We tried to pin the CPUs with the virsh and taskset tools, but this only made things worse. When we boot the Windows VM with a Linux Live CD there is also a black screen for several minutes, but not as long as 15. When booting another VM on this host (Ubuntu 10.04) it also has the black screen problem, and also here the black screen is only shown for 2-3 minutes (instead of 15). So, summerinzing this: Each guest on each of those identical nodes suffers from idling a few minutes after being started. After a few minutes, the boot process suddenly starts. We have observed that the idling time happens right after the bios of the guest was initialized. One of our employees had the idea to limit the amount of CPUs with maxcpus=40 (because of 40 physical cores existing) within Grub (kernel parameter) and suddenly the "black-screen-idling"-behaviour disappeared. Searching the KVM and Qemu mailing lists, the internet, forums, serverfault and other various sites for known bugs etc. showed no useful results. Even asking in the dev IRC channels brought no new ideas. The people there recommend us to use CPU pinning, but as stated before it didn't help. My question is now: Is there a sort of limit of CPUs for a qemu or kvm host system? Browsing the source code of those two tools showed that KVM would send a warning if your host has more than 255 CPUs. But we are not even scratching on that limit. Some stuff about the host system: 3.0.0-20-server kvm 1:84+dfsg-0ubuntu16+0.14.0+noroms+0ubuntu4 kvm-pxe 5.4.4-7ubuntu2 qemu-kvm 0.14.0+noroms-0ubuntu4 qemu-common 0.14.0+noroms-0ubuntu4 libvirt 0.8.8-1ubuntu6 4 x Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E7-4870 @ 2.40GHz, 10 Cores

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• How should I set up my Hyper-V server and network topology?

  - by Daniel Waechter

  This is my first time setting up either Hyper-V or Windows 2008, so please bear with me. I am setting up a pretty decent server running Windows Server 2008 R2 to be a remote (colocated) Hyper-V host. It will be hosting Linux and Windows VMs, initially for developers to use but eventually also to do some web hosting and other tasks. Currently I have two VMs, one Windows and one Ubuntu Linux, running pretty well, and I plan to clone them for future use. Right now I'm considering the best ways to configure developer and administrator access to the server once it is moved into the colocation facility, and I'm seeking advice on that. My thought is to set up a VPN for access to certain features of the VMs on the server, but I have a few different options for going about this: Connect the server to an existing hardware firewall (an old-ish Netscreen 5-GT) that can create a VPN and map external IPs to the VMs, which will have their own IPs exposed through the virtual interface. One problem with this choice is that I'm the only one trained on the Netscreen, and its interface is a bit baroque, so others may have difficulty maintaining it. Advantage is that I already know how to do it, and I know it will do what I need. Connect the server directly to the network and configure the Windows 2008 firewall to restrict access to the VMs and set up a VPN. I haven't done this before, so it will have a learning curve, but I'm willing to learn if this option is better long-term than the Netscreen. Another advantage is that I won't have to train anyone on the Netscreen interface. Still, I'm not certain if the capabilities of the Windows software firewall as far as creating VPNs, setting up rules for external access to certain ports on the IPs of Hyper-V servers, etc. Will it be sufficient for my needs and easy enough to set up / maintain? Anything else? What are the limitations of my approaches? What are the best practices / what has worked well for you? Remember that I need to set up developer access as well as consumer access to some services. Is a VPN even the right choice?

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• Windows DHCP Server - get notification when a non-AD joined device gets an IP address

  - by TheCleaner

  SCENARIO To simplify this down to it's easiest example: I have a Windows 2008 R2 standard DC with the DHCP server role. It hands out IPs via various IPv4 scopes, no problem there. WHAT I'D LIKE I would like a way to create a notification/eventlog entry/similar whenever a device gets a DHCP address lease and that device IS NOT a domain joined computer in Active Directory. It doesn't matter to me whether it is custom Powershell, etc. Bottom line = I'd like a way to know when non-domain devices are on the network without using 802.1X at the moment. I know this won't account for static IP devices. I do have monitoring software that will scan the network and find devices, but it isn't quite this granular in detail. RESEARCH DONE/OPTIONS CONSIDERED I don't see any such possibilities with the built in logging. Yes, I'm aware of 802.1X and have the ability to implement it long-term at this location but we are some time away from a project like that, and while that would solve network authentication issues, this is still helpful to me outside of 802.1X goals. I've looked around for some script bits, etc. that might prove useful but the things I'm finding lead me to believe that my google-fu is failing me at the moment. I believe the below logic is sound (assuming there isn't some existing solution): Device receives DHCP address Event log entry is recorded (event ID 10 in the DHCP audit log should work (since a new lease is what I'd be most interested in, not renewals): http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd759178.aspx) At this point a script of some kind would probably have to take over for the remaining "STEPS" below. Somehow query this DHCP log for these event ID 10's (I would love push, but I'm guessing pull is the only recourse here) Parse the query for the name of the device being assigned the new lease Query AD for the device's name IF not found in AD, send a notification email If anyone has any ideas on how to properly do this, I'd really appreciate it. I'm not looking for a "gimme the codez" but would love to know if there are alternatives to the above list or if I'm not thinking clear and another method exists for gathering this information. If you have code snippets/PS commands you'd like to share to help accomplish this, all the better.

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• Internet Working, Browsing Not.

  - by jeffreypriebe

  I have a very odd problem that I can't resolve. I am connected to the internet, but my browsing doesn't work. I don't mean a web browser - I mean browsing. Firefox, Chrome, Curl all fail to successfully connect to an HTTP address. However existing connections, e.g. to mail in Outlook (Exchange Server and also IMAP server) continue to work. Also, the internet is on, I can confirm both from my machine (other ports / connections) as well as from any other computer connected to the same network. Additionally, it appears to be HTTP, not simple a port issue as HTTP over port 8443 (Tortoise SVN if you must know - running over HTTP not over SVN) also fails. I am using Windows Vista SP2 (build 6002). It seems to "creep up" in that after running the computer for a few hours it will fail. (No found way to systematically reproduce the problem.) Additionally, it seems to be more prone on days where the internet connection is flaky already (not sure why the internet is flaky, just is, lot's of failed browsing requests and have to retry/reload often). What I have tried (when the problem arises) - none have yielded any resolution: Resetting the network connection (dis-connect, re-connect) Disable/re-enable the network adapter Double-checked the ip settings Double-checked the HOSTS file. Note: DNS continues to work (both new and cached responses to DNS queries). (Thanks for the suggestion Daniel and antenore.) Checked the routing tables (ip4 only as ipv6 is beyond my understanding) resetting all involved hardware (routers and modems) Close and reopen browsers Looked for malware interference: Run HijackThis Looked for suspicious processes using SysInternals procexp. Looked for explorer hijacks, lsa provider interference, winsock provider interference using SysInternals Autoruns. Run a complete anti-virus scan. Reviewed the output of a netstat -onab to see if there were stuck ports open or unusual processes running somewhere The only thing that works is to do a full reboot. That works 100% of the time to restore browsing. What else can I try to nail down the problem?

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• When running a shell script, how can you protect it from overwriting or truncating files?

  - by Joseph Garvin

  If while an application is running one of the shared libraries it uses is written to or truncated, then the application will crash. Moving the file or removing it wholesale with 'rm' will not cause a crash, because the OS (Solaris in this case but I assume this is true on Linux and other *nix as well) is smart enough to not delete the inode associated with the file while any process has it open. I have a shell script that performs installation of shared libraries. Sometimes, it may be used to reinstall versions of shared libraries that were already installed, without an uninstall first. Because applications may be using the already installed shared libraries, it's important the the script is smart enough to rm the files or move them out of the way (e.g. to a 'deleted' folder that cron could empty at a time when we know no applications will be running) before installing the new ones so that they're not overwritten or truncated. Unfortunately, recently an application crashed just after an install. Coincidence? It's difficult to tell. The real solution here is to switch over to a more robust installation method than an old gigantic shell script, but it'd be nice to have some extra protection until the switch is made. Is there any way to wrap a shell script to protect it from overwriting or truncating files (and ideally failing loudly), but still allowing them to be moved or rm'd? Standard UNIX file permissions won't do the trick because you can't distinguish moving/removing from overwriting/truncating. Aliases could work but I'm not sure what entirety of commands need to be aliased. I imagine something like truss/strace except before each action it checks against a filter whether to actually do it. I don't need a perfect solution that would work even against an intentionally malicious script. Ideas I have so far: Alias cp to GNU cp (not the default since I'm on Solaris) and use the --remove-destination option. Alias install to GNU install and use the --backup option. It might be smart enough to move the existing file to the backup file name rather than making a copy, thus preserving the inode. "set noclobber" in ~/.bashrc so that I/O redirection won't overwrite files

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