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  • IP address reuse on macvlan devices

    - by Alex Bubnoff
    I'm trying to create easy to use and possibly simple testing environment for some product and got some strange behaviour of macvlan's. What I'm trying to achieve: make a toolset for one-line start/stop of lxc containers(via docker) bound to external ip(I have enough of it on host machine). So, I'm doing something like this: docker run -d -name=container_name container_image pipework eth1 container_name ip/prefix_len@gateway and pipework here does this: GUEST_IFNAME=ph$NSPID$eth1 ip link add link eth1 dev $GUEST_IFNAME type macvlan mode bridge ip link set eth1 up ip link set $GUEST_IFNAME netns $NSPID ip netns exec $NSPID ip link set $GUEST_IFNAME name eth1 ip netns exec $NSPID ip addr add $IPADDR dev eth1 ip netns exec $NSPID ip route delete default ip netns exec $NSPID ip link set eth1 up ip netns exec $NSPID ip route replace default via $GATEWAY ip netns exec $NSPID arping -c 1 -A -I eth1 $IPADDR And it works for first time per IP. But for second time and later packets for containers IP isn't getting into container, while all configuration seem fine. So it looks like this: External machine ? ping 212.76.131.212 ....silence.... Host machine root@ubuntu:~# ip link show eth1 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:17:c9:e1:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip addr show eth1 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:17:c9:e1:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -v -i eth1 icmp tcpdump: WARNING: eth1: no IPv4 address assigned tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 00:00:46.542042 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9623, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2345, length 64 00:00:47.549969 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9624, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2346, length 64 00:00:48.558143 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9625, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2347, length 64 00:00:49.566319 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9626, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2348, length 64 00:00:50.573999 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9627, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2349, length 64 ^C 5 packets captured 5 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel 1 packet dropped by interface Host machine, netns of container root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 ip link show eth1 48: eth1@if2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether b2:12:f7:cc:a1:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 ip addr show eth1 48: eth1@if2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether b2:12:f7:cc:a1:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 212.76.131.212/29 scope global eth1 inet6 fe80::b012:f7ff:fecc:a19d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 tcpdump -v -i eth1 icmp tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes ....silence.... ^C 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel So, can anyone say, what can it be? Can this be caused by not a bug in macvlan implementation? Is there any tools I can use to debug that configuration?

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  • How to troubleshoot problem with OpenVpn Appliance Server not able to connect

    - by Peter
    1) I have a Windows Server 2008 Standard SP2 2) I am running Hyper-V and have the OpenSvn Appliance Server virtual running 3) I have configured it as it said, only issue was that the legacy network adapter does not have a setting the instructions mention "Enable spoofing of MAC Addresses". My understand is that before R2, this was on by default. 4) Server is running, web interfaces look good 5) I am trying to connect from a Vista 64 box and cannot 5a) If I set to UPD I am stuck at Authorizing and client log looks like: 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: OvpnConfig: connect... 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Gui listen socket at 34567 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: sending start command to instantiator... 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: start 34567 ?C:\Users\Peter\AppData\Roaming\OpenVPNTech\config?02369512D0C82A04B88093022DA0226202218022A902264022AE022B? 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Got line from MI->>INFO:OpenVPN Management Interface Version 1 -- type 'help' for more info 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Got line from MI->>HOLD:Waiting for hold release 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: real-time state notification set to ON 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: bytecount interval changed 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold flag set to OFF 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold release succeeded 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->>PASSWORD:Need 'Auth' username/password 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Processing PASSWORD. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnClient: setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnConfig: Setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got auth request from active_config from 0 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending Credentials.... 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' username entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' password entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287647,WAIT,,, 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:0,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:54,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287648,AUTH,,, 10/11/09 15:00:50: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,2868 10/11/09 15:00:52: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,3378 5b) I setup server for tcp and try to connect, I get a loop of authorizing and reconnecting. Log looks like: 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Got line from MI->>HOLD:Waiting for hold release 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: real-time state notification set to ON 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: bytecount interval changed 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold flag set to OFF 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold release succeeded 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->>PASSWORD:Need 'Auth' username/password 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Processing PASSWORD. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnClient: setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnConfig: Setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got auth request from active_config from 0 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending Credentials.... 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' username entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' password entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287647,WAIT,,, 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:0,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:54,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287648,AUTH,,, 10/11/09 15:00:50: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,2868 10/11/09 15:00:52: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,3378 10/11/09 15:00:54: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,3888 ... Is there anyway to turn on robust logging on the server to understand what is happening? Any ideas on how to hunt this down?

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  • PXE Boot not working

    - by Nishant
    Please explain the error in this screenshot DHCP Setting: This screenshot was taken after powering off the old comp hence he server interface is shown as the wireless card - it becomes 192.168.0.1 when I connect wires and power up the old laptop to boot via PXE. My scenario is simple. An old laptop and a new laptop . A cross over cable ( that I myself made from CAT 6 cable by cutting it and connecting 4 wires as mentioned in some doc). The new laptop ( tftp server ) has a Wirelss Card ( with which I am browsing and writing this ) . And the cable is connected between laptops . TFTP server ( new laptop details ) Windows IP Configuration Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::f511:3d4a:ca01:122e%16 IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.1 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.2 Wireless LAN adapter Wireless Network Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Achilles Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::99b1:8ae0:9e6c:f300%11 IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.3 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.1

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  • php-fpm + persistent sockets = 502 bad gateway

    - by leeoniya
    Put on your reading glasses - this will be a long-ish one. First, what I'm doing. I'm building a web-app interface for some particularly slow tcp devices. Opening a socket to them takes 200ms and an fwrite/fread cycle takes another 300ms. To reduce the need for both of these actions on each request, I'm opening a persistent tcp socket which reduces the response time by the aforementioned 200ms. I was hoping PHP-FPM would share the persistent connections between requests from different clients (and indeed it does!), but there are some issues which I havent been able to resolve after 2 days of interneting, reading logs and modifying settings. I have somewhat narrowed it down though. Setup: Ubuntu 13.04 x64 Server (fully updated) on Linode PHP 5.5.0-6~raring+1 (fpm-fcgi) nginx/1.5.2 Relevent config: nginx worker_processes 4; php-fpm/pool.d pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 2 pm.start_servers = 2 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 Let's go from coarse to fine detail of what happens. After a fresh start I have 4x nginx processes and 2x php5-fpm processes waiting to handle requests. Then I send requests every couple seconds to the script. The first take a while to open the socket connection and returns with the data in about 500ms, the second returns data in 300ms (yay it's re-using the socket), the third also succeeds in about 300ms, the fourth request = 502 Bad Gateway, same with the 5th. Sixth request once again returns data, except now it took 500ms again. The process repeats for several cycles after which every 4 requests result in 2x 502 Bad Gateways and 2x 500ms Data responses. If I double all the fpm pool values and have 4x php-fpm processes running, the cycles settles in with 4x successful 500ms responses followed by 4x Bad Gateway errors. If I don't use persistent sockets, this issue goes away but then every request is 500ms. What I suspect is happening is the persistent socket keeps each php-fpm process from idling and ties it up, so the next one gets chosen until none are left and as they error out, maybe they are restarted and become available on the next round-robin loop ut the socket dies with the process. I haven't yet checked the 'slowlog', but the nginx error log shows lots of this: *188 recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer) while reading response header from upstream, client:... All the suggestions on the internet regarding fixing nginx/php-fpm/502 bad gateway relate to high load or fcgi_pass misconfiguration. This is not the case here. Increasing buffers/sizes, changing timeouts, switching from unix socket to tcp socket for fcgi_pass, upping connection limits on the system....none of this stuff applies here. I've had some other success with setting pm = ondemand rather than dynamic, but as soon as the initial fpm-process gets killed off after idling, the persistent socket is gone for all subsequent php-fpm spawns. For the php script, I'm using stream_socket_client() with a STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT flag. A while/stream_select() loop to detect socket data and fread($sock, 4096) to grab the data. I don't call fclose() obviously. If anyone has some additional questions or advice on how to get a persistent socket without tying up the php-fpm processes beyond the request completion, or maybe some other things to try, I'd appreciate it. some useful links: Nginx + php-fpm - recv() error Nginx + php-fpm "504 Gateway Time-out" error with almost zero load (on a test-server) Nginx + PHP-FPM "error 104 Connection reset by peer" causes occasional duplicate posts http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/php-pfsockopen-552084/ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14268018/concurrent-use-of-a-persistent-php-socket http://devzone.zend.com/303/extension-writing-part-i-introduction-to-php-and-zend/#Heading3 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/242316/how-to-keep-a-php-stream-socket-alive http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.configuration.php https://www.google.com/search?q=recv%28%29+failed+%28104:+Connection+reset+by+peer%29+while+reading+response+header+from+upstream+%22502%22&ei=mC1XUrm7F4WQyAHbv4H4AQ&start=10&sa=N&biw=1920&bih=953&dpr=1

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  • IP Micro-outages, telephone micro-outages, and CATV micro-outages

    - by Michael Graff
    This is a long and complicated question, mostly because it has been going on for 2.5 years without a solution in sight. It also is only one-third computer related, the other two-thirds are cable TV and cable-phone related. Background I have COX Communications for a cable provider, and we get Internet, digital cable TV, and digital phone service through them. The Internet is a SB5101 right now, and has been a DPC2100 and SB5120 in the past. Same results. The phone service is provided through a telephone interface mounted on the outside of the house (not classic VoIP) and the CATV is through a Scientific Atlanta receiver without DVR. I do have a TiVo connected to the CATV box. Symptoms The CATV shows "blocking" -- sometimes very very short duration where a few blocks appear on the screen. Sometimes it lasts long enough that the video "pauses" for 2-5 seconds, and rarely but not unseen the audio also fails. The CATV decoder box shows no correctable (FEC) or uncorrectable errors. That is, all BER counters are zero for the video stream. The Internet shows "micro-outages" where it appears that sent packets are not making it out, but I continue to receive packets from local modems. That is, pings stop coming back, but I continue to see modems broadcast for DHCP, and sometimes they ask more than once. The cable modem shows no errors during this time, but cable modems lie like you would not believe. It is actually possible to unplug the coax from the modem for 20 seconds and it reports NO ERRORS to the provider's tools. The phone service cuts out for 1-3 seconds, infrequently. When this happens, I hear NOTHING (not even comfort noise) and the remote side hears a "click" as if I were getting a call waiting message. However, there is no call incoming, other than the one I'm currently on of course. Things SEEM to happen more frequently when the temperature outside swings from cold to warm, so fall/spring seems worse than summer/winter. All micro-outages occur between once or twice a day (which I could ignore) to 10 times per hour. All SNR, signal levels, noise levels, etc. show very close to optimal when measured. COX's diagnosis This is a continual pain for me. Over the last 2.5 years, they have opened, "fixed" something, and closed the tickets. They close it without confirming that it is indeed better, and when I reopen they cannot do that, but instead they open a new ticket and send yet another low-level tech out to do the same signal tests and report that all is OK. I've finally gotten a line tech who has a clue and is motivated enough to pursue this with me. We have tried things like switching the local nodes over to UPS and generator power, but this does not trigger the noise. We have tried replacing all cabling, the tap outside my house, the modem, the CATV decoder -- all without resolution. Recently they have decided it is both my computer or switch, my TiVo, and my phone that are all broken and causing this issue. My debugging steps I spent the worse day of my TV-watching life yesterday and part of today. I watched live TV without the TiVo. I witnessed blocking, but it did "feel different." and was actually more severe. Some days it is better, some days it is worse, so perhaps this was just a very bad day. Today, I connected the TiVo to my DVD player, and ran two very long movies through it. I saw no blocking at all during nearly 6 hours of video. Suggestions? Does anyone have any suggestions on what to do next? I understand perhaps only the IP side can be addressed here, but it is one of the more limiting debugging options.

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  • MacBook Pro 10.6 losing dns service, network connection still functional if you know the ip address.

    - by Vincent
    MacBook pro connected to a wireless network (not sure about wired) I lose DNS. I still have a functioning connection and as long as I know the ip address of the website, server... for example skype works, ssh name@ipaddress, .... Things can be working properly and then just quit, Once I was im via skype and lost dns skype continued to work. This has happened in multiple locations on private and public networks. What does not work/fix it: Resetting router changing dns server on computer or router connecting to another network removing the airport interface and adding it back flushing dns The only solution seems to be a restart. A solution to this would be great, but any ideas of this to try would be great. Even a sure way to reproduce this would be useful. Maybe related question: But this is most definitely not true for me. "if I refresh enough -- 3 to 4 times --, it will usually pull up the site. " Here are some tests from terminal. Basically this confirms dns in not functioning vmd17:~ vmd$ ping google.com ping: cannot resolve google.com: Unknown host Trace route to google dns, This works vmd17:~ vmd$ /usr/sbin/traceroute -n -w 2 -q 2 -m 30 8.8.8.8 traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 192.168.1.1 5.195 ms 2.519 ms 2 67.172.136.1 31.881 ms 9.177 ms 3 68.85.107.121 12.168 ms 10.003 ms 4 68.86.103.41 12.021 ms 9.594 ms 5 68.86.91.1 16.712 ms 12.837 ms 6 68.86.86.210 29.951 ms 25.826 ms 7 68.86.87.218 29.554 ms 42.894 ms 8 75.149.231.70 68.271 ms 68.362 ms 9 72.14.233.77 141.178 ms 72.14.233.85 82.553 ms 10 72.14.238.243 83.381 ms 82.811 ms 11 72.14.232.213 194.387 ms 72.14.232.215 84.837 ms 12 209.85.253.145 100.294 ms * 13 8.8.8.8 101.689 ms 89.694 ms 208.67.222.22 is the ip address of opendns dns server vmd17:~ vmd$ dig @208.67.222.222 8.8.8.8 ; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> @208.67.222.222 8.8.8.8 ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached vmd17:~ vmd$ dig @208.67.222.222 gogle.com vmd17:~ vmd$ dig @208.67.222.222 google.com ; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> @208.67.222.222 google.com ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached vmd17:~ vmd$ dig @8.8.8.8 google.com ; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> @8.8.8.8 google.com ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached

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  • How to get ISA 2006 Web Proxy to work with the Single Network Adapter template

    - by tronda
    I need to test an issue with running our application behind a proxy server with different type of configurations, so I installed ISA 2006 Enterprise on a desktop computer. Since this computer only has a single network card and I want to start out easy, I chose the "Single Network Adapter" template. We have a internal NAT'ed network which is in the 10 range. I have defined the internal network on the ISA server to be 10.XXX.YY.1 - 10.XXX.YY.255 I also have the Default rule which denies all traffic, but I've added the following Rule: Policy - Protocols - From - To Accept HTTP Internal External HTTPS Local Host Internal HTTS Server Localhost Then I configured Internet Explorer on a virutal machine running XP within virtualbox with Brigded network (gets same network address range as regular computers on our network) similar to this Instead of the server name I used the IP address. When I try to access a web page, this doesn't go through and I get the following log messages on the proxy server: Original Client IP Client Agent Authenticated Client Service Referring Server Destination Host Name Transport HTTP Method MIME Type Object Source Source Proxy Destination Proxy Bidirectional Client Host Name Filter Information Network Interface Raw IP Header Raw Payload GMT Log Time Source Port Processing Time Bytes Sent Bytes Received Cache Information Error Information Authentication Server Log Time Client IP Destination IP Destination Port Protocol Action Rule Result Code HTTP Status Code Client Username Source Network Destination Network URL Server Name Log Record Type 10.XXX.YY.174 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:24 1080 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:24 10.XXX.YY.174 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Initiated Connection MyHTTPAccess 0x0 ERROR_SUCCESS Internal Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.175 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:24 2275 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:24 10.XXX.YY.175 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Initiated Connection 0x0 ERROR_SUCCESS Local Host Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.175 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:25 2275 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:25 10.XXX.YY.175 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Closed Connection 0x80074e20 FWX_E_GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN Local Host Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.175 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:25 2276 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:25 10.XXX.YY.175 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Initiated Connection 0x0 ERROR_SUCCESS Local Host Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.175 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:26 2276 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:26 10.XXX.YY.175 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Closed Connection 0x80074e20 FWX_E_GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN Local Host Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.175 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:26 2277 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:26 10.XXX.YY.175 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Initiated Connection 0x0 ERROR_SUCCESS Local Host Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.159 - UDP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:26 68 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:26 10.XXX.YY.159 255.255.255.255 67 DHCP (request) Denied Connection [Enterprise] Default rule 0xc004000d FWX_E_POLICY_RULES_DENIED Internal Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 10.XXX.YY.166 - UDP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:26 68 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:26 10.XXX.YY.166 255.255.255.255 67 DHCP (request) Denied Connection [Enterprise] Default rule 0xc004000d FWX_E_POLICY_RULES_DENIED Internal Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall 0.0.0.0 Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729) Yes Proxy 10.XXX.YY.175 TCP GET Internet - - - Req ID: 096c76ae; Compression: client=No, server=No, compress rate=0% decompress rate=0% - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:27 0 2945 2581 446 0x0 0x40 24.08.2010 06:25:27 10.XXX.YY.174 10.XXX.YY.175 80 http Failed Connection Attempt MyHTTPAccess 10061 anonymous Internal Local Host http://www.vg.no/ PROXYTEST Web Proxy Filter 10.XXX.YY.175 - TCP - - - 24.08.2010 13:25:27 2277 0 0 0 0x0 0x0 - 24.08.2010 06:25:27 10.XXX.YY.175 10.XXX.YY.175 80 HTTP Closed Connection 0x80074e20 FWX_E_GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN Local Host Local Host - PROXYTEST Firewall

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  • How to use more than 3 virtual disks in Linux using CentOS and XenServer

    - by 010110110101
    I've attached 5 virtual disks to a Virtual Machine in Citrix XenServer. The VM has the xs-tools installed. Initially it said that it couldn't add so many disks. After I installed the xs-tools, it let me add all the disks. But /dev doesn't show all the disks. It shows these: /dev/xvda /dev/xvdb /dev/xvdc /dev/cdrom Perhaps it is bound by the limits of an IDE bus? (3 disks + CD-ROM) If so, how does one change the VM to use SCSI? Edit: According to the documentation: 2.6.3. VM Block Devices In the PV Linux case, block devices are passed through as PV devices. XenServer does not attempt to emulate SCSI or IDE, but instead provides a more suitable interface in the virtual environment in the form of xvd* devices. It is also possible to get an sd* device using the same mechanism, where the PV driver inside the VM takes over the SCSI device namespace. This is not desirable so it is best to use xvd* where possible for PV guests (this is the default for Debian and RHEL). For Windows or other fully virtualized guests, XenServer emulates an IDE bus in the form of an hd* device. When using Windows, installing the Citrix Tools for Virtual Machines installs a special PV driver that works in a similar way to Linux, except in the fully virtualized environment. Still, with 5 virtual disks attached, I don't see the other xvd devices. Edit #2: (attached requested info) Host Machine: XenServer 6.1 Linux version 2.6.32.43-0.4.1.xs1.6.10.777.170770xen (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)) #1 SMP Wed Apr 17 05:52:03 EDT 2013 Guest Machine: CentOS release 6.4 (Final) Linux version 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu May 16 20:59:36 UTC 2013 Output of 'fdisk -l' on Guest Machine: Note, the disk beyond the first 3 attached are not displaying -- there should be 4 100GB disks. (There are a total of 5 disks displayed in XenCenter -- 16GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB) Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfb6c95b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e5f41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/xvdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xed249ced Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdc1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_root: 14.6 GB, 14571012096 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1771 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 I see that the Linux versions say SMP. The Guest VM doesn't say "xen" in the name. However, I have already run yum install kernel-xen. Could be a clue?

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  • VirtualServer reverseproxy works locally, but not from client

    - by Yep
    Setup: 2 Webservers pointed to 127.0.0.1:8080 and :8081. Curl validates they work as expected. Apache with the following virt hosts: NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.1:80 <VirtualHost 192.168.1.1:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8080/ ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8080/ ServerName 192.168.1.1 ServerAlias http://192.168.1.1 </VirtualHost> NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.2:80 <VirtualHost 192.168.1.2:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8081/ ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8081/ ServerName 192.168.1.2 ServerAlias http://192.168.1.2 </VirtualHost> On the server I can curl to the virtualhosts and receive appropriate responses. (curl 192.168.1.1 gives me the webservers response from localhost:8080, etc) remote hosts cannot however connect to 192.168.1.1 or .2 at all. What am I missing? Re: comments Yes, the default directory Directive is still in place. # Deny access to root file system <Directory /> Options None AllowOverride None Order Deny,Allow deny from all </Directory> No apache logs are generated when trying to reach 192.168.1.1 remotely. They do get generated when curl from local. If I point the webservers to *:8080 and *:8081 instead of binding to localhost, I can access them from a remote host via 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.2 if i specify the 8080 and 8081 ports (both ports work on both IP's, which is what I'm trying to avoid with apache reverse proxy bind to 80 on each interface) Edit2: curl verbose output: (similar for second webserver, and for 127.0.0.1:portnum) [user@host mingle_12_2_1]$ curl -v 192.168.1.1 * About to connect() to 192.168.1.1 port 80 * Trying 192.168.1.1... connected * Connected to 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) port 80 > GET / HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.15.5 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.15.5 OpenSSL/0.9.8b zlib/1.2.3 libidn/0.6.5 > Host: 192.168.1.1 > Accept: */* > < HTTP/1.1 302 Found < Date: Tue, 16 Oct 2012 16:22:08 GMT < Server: Jetty(6.1.19) < Cache-Control: no-cache < Location: http://192.168.1.1/install < X-Runtime: 130 < Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 < Content-Length: 94 < Connection: close Closing connection #0 <html><body>You are being <a href="http://192.168.1.1/install">redirected</a>.</body></html> log from the request local 192.168.1.1 - - [16/Oct/2012:12:22:08 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 302 94 no apache access log or error log generated when requests from remote clients.

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  • udp through nat

    - by youllknow
    Hi everyone! I've two private networks (each of them behind a typical dsl router). The routers are connected to the WWW. The extern interface of each router have one dynamic IP address. I want to stream data via UDP directly between one client in private network A and one client in private network B. I've already tried a lot of things (see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDP_hole_punching, or STUN). But it wasn't possible for me to transfer data between the two clients. It's possible to use a server (located in the WWW, with static IP) to transfer the extern IPs (and extern ports) from the routers between the clients. So imagine client A knows client B's external IP and client B's external port assigned by his router. I simply tried sending UDP packet to the receivers external IP/port combination, but without any result. So does anyone know what do to communicate via UDP throw the two NAT routers? It must be possible??? Or does Skype, for example, not directly communicate between the clients when the call eachother (voice over ip). I am sorry for my bad English! If something is confusing don't mind asking me!!! Thanks for your help in advance. ::::EDIT:::: I can't get pwnat or chownat working. I tried it with my own dsl-gateway - didn't work. Then I set up a complete virtual environment using VMWare. C1 (Client 1, WinXP Prof SP3): 172.16.16.100/24, GW 172.16.16.1 C2 (Client 2, WinXP Prof SP3): 10.0.0.100/24, GW 10.0.0.1 C3 (Client 3, WinXP Prof SP3): 3.0.0.2/24, GW 3.0.0.1 S1 (Ubuntu 10.04 x64 Server): eth0: 172.16.16.1/24, eth1: 1.0.0.2/24 GW 1.0.0.1 S2 (Ubuntu 10.04 x64 Server): eth0: 10.0.0.1/24, eth1: 2.0.0.2/24 GW 2.0.0.1 S3 (Ubuntu 10.04 x64 Server): eth0: 1.0.0.1/24, eth1: 2.0.0.1/24, eth2: 3.0.0.1/24 +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ |C1|-----|S1|-----|S3|-----|S2|-----|C2| +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ | +--+ |C3| +--+ Server S1 and S2 provide NAT functionality. (they have routing enabled and provide a firewall, which allows trafic from the internal net and provide the nat functionality) Server S3 has routing enabled. The client firewalls are turned off. C1 and C2 are able to ping C3, e.g. visit C3's webserver. They are also able to send UDP Packets to C3 (C3 successful receives them)! C1 and C2 have also webservers running for test reasons. I run ""chownat -s 80 2.0.0.2"" at C1, and ""chownat -c 8000 1.0.0.2"" at C2. Then I tried to access the Webpage from C1 via webbrower localhost at port 8000. It didn't work. Can anybody help me? Any suggestions? If you have any questions to my question, please ask!

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  • Why would VMWare to go defunct? How to recover from/prevent it?

    - by Josh
    I am running VMWare Server 2.0.2 (Build 203138) on a dual core Intel i5 with Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS system (kernel 2.6.32-22-server #33-Ubuntu SMP). Disk Subsystem is a software RAID5 array. The system has been set up for a little over a week. For the past 5 days I have been running at leat 3 VMs (Linux and a variety of Windows OSes) with no issues whatsoever. But while I was installing Linux onto a new VM, suddenly all VMs became unresponsive, including the one I was installing to. I could not log in to the VMWare Management Interface, and the system was somewhat unresponsive via SSH. When I looked at top, I saw: top - 16:14:51 up 6 days, 1:49, 8 users, load average: 24.29, 24.33 17.54 Tasks: 203 total, 7 running, 195 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 25.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 74.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8056656k total, 5927580k used, 2129076k free, 20320k buffers Swap: 7811064k total, 240216k used, 7570848k free, 5045884k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 21549 root 39 19 0 0 0 Z 100 0.0 15:02.44 [vmware-vmx] <defunct> 2115 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 170:32.08 [vmware-rtc] 2231 root 21 1 1494m 126m 100m S 1 1.6 892:58.05 /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx -# product=2; 2280 jnet 20 0 19320 1164 800 R 0 0.0 30:04.55 top 12236 root 20 0 833m 41m 34m S 0 0.5 88:34.24 /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx -# product=2; 1 root 20 0 23704 1476 920 S 0 0.0 0:00.80 /sbin/init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 [kthreadd] 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/0] 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.84 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/0] 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/1] The VMWare process for the virtual machine I was installing into became a zombie. Yet, it was still consuming 100% of the CPU time on one of the cores, and I couldn't reach it or any other virtual machines. (I was logged in to one virtual machine over SSH, another via X11, and a third via VNC. All three connections died). When I ran ps -ef and similar commands, I found that the defunct vmware-vmx process had it's parent PID set to init (1). I also used lsof -p 21549 and found that the defunct process had no open files. Yet it was using 100% of CPU time... I was unable to kill any vmware-vmx processes, including the defunct one, even with kill -9. As a last resort to resolve the situation I tried to reboot the box, however shutdown, halt, reboot, and init 6 all failed to reboot/shutdown, even when given appropriate --force settings. ControlAltDel produced a message about rebooting on the console, but the system would not reboot. I had to hard power-cycle the box to resolve the situation. (See my other question, Should I worry about the integrity of my linux software RAID5 after a crash or kernel panic?) What would cause a scenario like this? What else could I have done to resolve it besides a hard reboot? What can I do to prevent such a situation in the future?

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  • SmartOS reboots spontaneously

    - by Alex
    I run a SmartOS system on a Hetzner EX4S (Intel Core i7-2600, 32G RAM, 2x3Tb SATA HDD). There are six virtual machines on the host: [root@10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 ~]# vmadm list UUID TYPE RAM STATE ALIAS d2223467-bbe5-4b81-a9d1-439e9a66d43f KVM 512 running xxxx1 5f36358f-68fa-4351-b66f-830484b9a6ee KVM 1024 running xxxx2 d570e9ac-9eac-4e4f-8fda-2b1d721c8358 OS 1024 running xxxx3 ef88979e-fb7f-460c-bf56-905755e0a399 KVM 1024 running xxxx4 d8e06def-c9c9-4d17-b975-47dd4836f962 KVM 4096 running xxxx5 4b06fe88-db6e-4cf3-aadd-e1006ada7188 KVM 9216 running xxxx5 [root@10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 ~]# The host reboots several times a week with no crash dump in /var/crash and no messages in the /var/adm/messages log. Basically /var/adm/messages looks like there was a hard reset: 2012-11-23T08:54:43.210625+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T09:14:43.187589+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T09:34:43.165100+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T09:54:43.142065+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:14:43.119365+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:34:43.096351+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:54:43.073821+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610954+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 genunix: [ID 540533 kern.notice] #015SunOS Release 5.11 Version joyent_20121018T224723Z 64-bit 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610962+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 genunix: [ID 299592 kern.notice] Copyright (c) 2010-2012, Joyent Inc. All rights reserved. 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610967+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: lgpg 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610971+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: tsc 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610974+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: msr 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610978+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: mtrr 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610981+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: pge 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610984+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: de 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610987+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: cmov 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610995+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: mmx 2012-11-23T10:57:55.611000+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: mca 2012-11-23T10:57:55.611004+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: pae 2012-11-23T10:57:55.611008+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: cv8 The problem is that sometimes the host loses the network interface on reboot so we need to perform a manual hardware reset to bring it back. We do not have physical or virtual access to the server console - no KVM, no iLO or anything like this. So, the only way to debug is to analyze crash dumps/log files. I am not a SmartOS/Solaris expert so I am not sure how to proceed. Is there any equivalent of Linux netconsole for SmartOS? Can I just redirect the console output to the network port somehow? Maybe I am missing something obvious and crash information is located somewhere else.

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  • How to troubleshoot problem with OpenVPN Appliance Server not able to connect

    - by Peter
    1) I have a Windows Server 2008 Standard SP2 2) I am running Hyper-V and have the OpenVPN Appliance Server virtual running 3) I have configured it as it said, only issue was that the legacy network adapter does not have a setting the instructions mention "Enable spoofing of MAC Addresses". My understand is that before R2, this was on by default. 4) Server is running, web interfaces look good 5) I am trying to connect from a Vista 64 box and cannot 5a) If I set to UPD I am stuck at Authorizing and client log looks like: 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: OvpnConfig: connect... 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Gui listen socket at 34567 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: sending start command to instantiator... 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: start 34567 ?C:\Users\Peter\AppData\Roaming\OpenVPNTech\config?02369512D0C82A04B88093022DA0226202218022A902264022AE022B? 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Got line from MI->>INFO:OpenVPN Management Interface Version 1 -- type 'help' for more info 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Got line from MI->>HOLD:Waiting for hold release 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: real-time state notification set to ON 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: bytecount interval changed 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold flag set to OFF 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold release succeeded 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->>PASSWORD:Need 'Auth' username/password 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Processing PASSWORD. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnClient: setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnConfig: Setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got auth request from active_config from 0 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending Credentials.... 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' username entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' password entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287647,WAIT,,, 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:0,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:54,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287648,AUTH,,, 10/11/09 15:00:50: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,2868 10/11/09 15:00:52: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,3378 5b) I setup server for tcp and try to connect, I get a loop of authorizing and reconnecting. Log looks like: 10/11/09 15:00:42: INFO: Got line from MI->>HOLD:Waiting for hold release 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: real-time state notification set to ON 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: bytecount interval changed 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold flag set to OFF 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: hold release succeeded 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got line from MI->>PASSWORD:Need 'Auth' username/password 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Processing PASSWORD. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnClient: setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: OvpnConfig: Setting need auth to true. 10/11/09 15:00:43: INFO: Got auth request from active_config from 0 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending Credentials.... 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 25 bytes for username. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sending 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:47: INFO: Sent 30 bytes for password. 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' username entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->SUCCESS: 'Auth' password entered, but not yet verified 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287647,WAIT,,, 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:0,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:54,42 10/11/09 15:00:48: INFO: Got line from MI->>STATE:1255287648,AUTH,,, 10/11/09 15:00:50: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,2868 10/11/09 15:00:52: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,3378 10/11/09 15:00:54: INFO: Got line from MI->>BYTECOUNT:2560,3888 ... Is there anyway to turn on robust logging on the server to understand what is happening? Any ideas on how to hunt this down?

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  • Router 2wire, Slackware desktop in DMZ mode, iptables policy aginst ping, but still pingable

    - by user135501
    I'm in DMZ mode, so I'm firewalling myself, stealthy all ok, but I get faulty test results from Shields Up that there are pings. Yesterday I couldn't make a connection to game servers work, because ping block was enabled (on the router). I disabled it, but this persists even due to my firewall. What is the connection between me and my router in DMZ mode (for my machine, there is bunch of others too behind router firewall)? When it allows router affecting if I'm pingable or not and if router has setting not blocking ping, rules in my iptables for this scenario do not work. Please ignore commented rules, I do uncomment them as I want. These two should do the job right? iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all Here are my iptables: #!/bin/sh # Begin /bin/firewall-start # Insert connection-tracking modules (not needed if built into the kernel). #modprobe ip_tables #modprobe iptable_filter #modprobe ip_conntrack #modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp #modprobe ipt_state #modprobe ipt_LOG # allow local-only connections iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # free output on any interface to any ip for any service # (equal to -P ACCEPT) iptables -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # permit answers on already established connections # and permit new connections related to established ones (eg active-ftp) iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT #Gamespy&NWN #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp -m multiport --ports 5120:5129 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 6667 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 28910 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 29900 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 29901 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 29920 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp -m multiport --ports 5120:5129 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 6500 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 27900 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 27901 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 29910 -j ACCEPT # Log everything else: What's Windows' latest exploitable vulnerability? iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-prefix "FIREWALL:INPUT" # set a sane policy: everything not accepted > /dev/null iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP # be verbose on dynamic ip-addresses (not needed in case of static IP) echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr # disable ExplicitCongestionNotification - too many routers are still # ignorant echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_ecn #ping death echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all # If you are frequently accessing ftp-servers or enjoy chatting you might # notice certain delays because some implementations of these daemons have # the feature of querying an identd on your box for your username for # logging. Although there's really no harm in this, having an identd # running is not recommended because some implementations are known to be # vulnerable. # To avoid these delays you could reject the requests with a 'tcp-reset': #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 113 -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset #iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 113 -m state --state RELATED -j ACCEPT # To log and drop invalid packets, mostly harmless packets that came in # after netfilter's timeout, sometimes scans: #iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp -m state --state INVALID -j LOG --log-prefix \ "FIREWALL:INVALID" #iptables -I INPUT 2 -p tcp -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # End /bin/firewall-start

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  • FTP Upload works from local command line / remote GUI client but not from PHP script

    - by MrOodles
    I originally posted this question at StackOverflow, but I'm beginning to think it's more of a server question. I have installed ProFTPd on an EC2 instance running Ubuntu 10.10. I have managed my proftpd.conf file as well as my server permissions to be able to connect and upload/move files using FTP both remotely using Filezilla, and on the server itself when connecting to 127.0.0.1. The problem I'm running into is when I try to upload/install a file using Joomla's interface. I give Joomla the same login information that I give to Filezilla, and the connection is made in the same fashion. The ftp.log file actually shows that Joomla is able to login to the server: localhost UNKNOWN nobody [17/Jan/2011:14:09:17 +0000] "USER ftpuser" 331 - localhost UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:14:09:17 +0000] "PASS (hidden)" 230 - localhost UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:14:09:17 +0000] "PASV" 227 - localhost UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:14:09:17 +0000] "TYPE I" 200 - localhost UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:14:09:17 +0000] "STOR /directory/store/location/file.zip" 550 - But it fails when attempting the STOR command. I have traced the problem in the Joomla code to the PHP FTP module. The code (with my trace statements added): if (@ftp_put($this->_conn, $remote, $local, $mode) === false) { echo "\n FTP PUT failed."; echo "\n Remote: $remote ; Local: $local ; Mode: $mode - Either ASCII: ".FTP_ASCII." or Binary: ".FTP_BINARY; echo "\n The user: ".exec("whoami"); JError::raiseWarning('35', 'JFTP::store: Bad response' ); return false; } Trace ouputs: FTP PUT failed. Remote: /directory/store/location/file.zip ; Local: /tmp/phpwuccp4 ; Mode: 2 - Either ASCII: 1 or Binary: 2 The user: www-data And in case you were curious, here is an example of the FTP log when using Filezilla: my_client_ip UNKNOWN nobody [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "USER ftpuser" 331 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "PASS (hidden)" 230 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "OPTS UTF8 ON" - - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "PWD" 257 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "TYPE I" 200 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "PASV" 227 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:45:55 +0000] "MLSD" 226 3405 my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:06 +0000] "CWD location" 250 3405 my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:06 +0000] "PWD" 257 3405 my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:06 +0000] "PASV" 227 3405 my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:07 +0000] "MLSD" 226 3757 my_client_ip UNKNOWN nobody [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "USER ftpuser" 331 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "PASS (hidden)" 230 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "OPTS UTF8 ON" - - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "CWD /location" 250 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "PWD" 257 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "TYPE I" 200 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:37 +0000] "PASV" 227 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:39 +0000] "STOR file.zip" 226 125317 my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:39 +0000] "PASV" 227 - my_client_ip UNKNOWN ftpuser [17/Jan/2011:16:46:39 +0000] "MLSD" 226 497

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  • Using different SSDs types (not only SATA based) as system drive

    - by Hubert Kario
    Currently I have a Thinkpad X61s and want to make it both a bit faster and a bit more power efficient. For that reason I thought that adding SSD drive would make most sense. Unfortunately, because of financial reasons, buying SSD of over 200GB capacity is out of reach for me (not only it would be worth more than the rest of the laptop, but also I currently have a 500GB drive in it, so even such a drive would be kind of a downgrade for me). During preliminary testing with a cheap Transcend 4GB Class 6 (14MiB/s streaming, 9MiB/s random read) card I experienced boot times to be reduced by half so putting the OS only on it would already would be an improvement. Unfortunately, my system now is about 11GiB in size so anything less than 16GB would be constraining. In this laptop I can connect additional drives on at least 5 different ways: using SATA-ATA converter caddy in the X6 Ultrabase using internal mini PCIe slot using integrated SDHC slot using CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot using USB Thankfully, because I use only Linux on this PC the bootability of them is irrelevant as I can put the /boot partition on internal HDD and / on any of the above mentioned Flash memories (as I already did for the SDHC test). From what I was able to research and from my own experience those options come with rather big downsides or other problems: SATA-ATA caddy It has three downsides: I have to carry the Ultrabse with me at all times (it's not really inconvenient, but those grams do add) and couldn't disconnect it when I want to disconnect the battery It makes the bay unusable for the optical drive and occasional quick access to other hard drives the only caddies I could buy have rather flaky controllers in them so putting my OS on it would hamper its stability Internal mini PCIe slot This would be an ideal solution, if only I could find real PCIe SSDs, not only devices that could talk only SATA or ATA over PCIe mechanical connection (the ones used in Dell Mini or Asus EEE). Theoretically Samsung did release such devices but I couldn't find them in retail anywhere. Integrated SDHC slot It's a nice solution with a single drawback: the fastest 16GB SDHC card on the market can only do around 35MiB/s read and 15MiB/s write while still costing like a normal 40GB SATA SSD that's 10 times faster. Not really cost-effective. CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot Those cards are much faster than the SDHC option (there are ones that can do well over 50MiB/s read in benchmarks) and from what I could find the PCMCIA controller in my laptop does support UDMA so it should be able to deliver comparable speeds. They still cost similarly to SD cards but at least they provide streaming performance comparable to my current HDD. USB That's the worst option. Not only is it limited to 20-30MiB/s by the interface itself the drive would stick out of the laptop so it's a big no no. The question As such I think that going the "CF in a CardBus adapter" route will be the best option. My question is: did anyone try using CF cards in CardBus adapters as system drives with Linux on Thinkpad laptops? Laptops in general? What was the real-world performance? I don't have any CF cards so I can't check how well does it work with suspend/resume, or whatever it's easy to make it work in initramfs (I'm using ArchLinux and SD card was trivial — add 3 modules in single config line and rebuilding initramfs) so any tips/gotchas on this are welcome as well.

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  • Connect to VPN from Mac on Time Capsule network

    - by Lou Franco
    I have a few clients on my network that can connect to my work VPN (Windows PPTP) when they are not on my home network. On my home network (Cable Modem with Time Capsule providing Wifi), it fails very early -- looks like it can't even establish a connection. Logs just say that it failed -- even verbose logs don't have much: I redacted the host and IP from this log, but I can ping it. Wed Feb 2 14:32:41 2011 : PPTP connecting to server 'XXX.XXX.com' (XXX.XX.XX.XX)... Wed Feb 2 14:32:41 2011 : PPTP connection established. Wed Feb 2 14:32:41 2011 : using link 0 Wed Feb 2 14:32:41 2011 : Using interface ppp0 Wed Feb 2 14:32:41 2011 : Connect: ppp0 <--> socket[34:17] Wed Feb 2 14:32:41 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:32:44 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:32:47 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:32:50 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:32:53 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:32:56 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:32:59 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:33:02 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:33:05 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:33:08 2011 : sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x543c7af8> <pcomp> <accomp>] Wed Feb 2 14:33:11 2011 : LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests Wed Feb 2 14:33:11 2011 : Connection terminated. Wed Feb 2 14:33:11 2011 : PPTP disconnecting... Wed Feb 2 14:33:11 2011 : PPTP disconnected Others can get to the VPN and I can too, but not on my network. The only clue I have seen in other forums is to set the NAT default host on the Time Capsule -- I set this to the IP that my mac got over DHCP. I made sure that my Mac gets a different range of IP addresses that it would get if it connected to the VPN (192.168.1.x vs. 10.0.0.x). Not using any VPN client -- just Network System Preferences. It has worked in the past -- but it was a while ago, so I can't pinpoint a change. My sysadmin doesn't even see incoming connections to the VPN (nothing logged about me when I connect). Looking for any diagnostic advice at all

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  • Vim: Context sensitive code completion for PHP

    - by eddy147
    Vim gives me too much options when I use code completion. In a class, and type $class- it gives me about a zillion options, so not only from the class itself but also from php, all globals ever created, in short: a mess. I only want to have the options from the class itself (or the parent subtype class it extends from), so context or scope sensitive code completion, just like Netbeans for example. How can I do that? My current configuration is this: I am using ctags, and created 1 ctags file for our (big) application in the root. This is the .ctags file I used to create the ctags file: -R -h ".php" --exclude=.svn --languages=+PHP,-JavaScript --tag-relative=yes --regex-PHP=/abstract\s+class\s+([^ ]+)/\1/c/ --regex-PHP=/interface\s+([^ ]+)/\1/c/ --regex-PHP=/(public\s+|static\s+|protected\s+|private\s+)\$([^ \t=]+)/\2/p/ --regex-PHP=/const\s+([^ \t=]+)/\1/d/ --regex-PHP=/final\s+(public\s+|static\s+|abstract\s+|protected\s+|private\s+)function\s+\&?\s*([^ (]+)/\2/f/ --PHP-kinds=+cdf --fields=+iaS This is the .vimrc file: " autocomplete funcs and identifiers for languages autocmd FileType php set omnifunc=phpcomplete#CompletePHP autocmd FileType python set omnifunc=pythoncomplete#Complete autocmd FileType javascript set omnifunc=javascriptcomplete#CompleteJS autocmd FileType html set omnifunc=htmlcomplete#CompleteTags autocmd FileType css set omnifunc=csscomplete#CompleteCSS autocmd FileType xml set omnifunc=xmlcomplete#CompleteTags autocmd FileType php set omnifunc=phpcomplete#CompletePHP autocmd FileType c set omnifunc=ccomplete#Complete " exuberant ctags " the magic is the ';' at end. it will make vim tags file search go up from current directory until it finds one. set tags=projectrootdir/tags; map <F8> :!ctags " TagList " :tag getUser => Jump to getUser method " :tn (or tnext) => go to next search result " :tp (or tprev) => to to previous search result " :ts (or tselect) => List the current tags " => Go back to last tag location " +Left click => Go to definition of a method " More info: " http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/tagsrch.html (official documentation) " http://www.vim.org/tips/tip.php?tip_id=94 (a vim tip) let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = "~/bin/ctags" let Tlist_WinWidth = 50 map <F4> :TlistToggle<cr> "see http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Make_Vim_completion_popup_menu_work_just_like_in_an_IDE " will change the 'completeopt' option so that Vim's popup menu doesn't select the first completion item, but rather just inserts the longest common text of all matches :set completeopt=longest,menuone " will change the behavior of the <Enter> key when the popup menu is visible. In that case the Enter key will simply select the highlighted menu item, just as <C-Y> does :inoremap <expr> <CR> pumvisible() ? "\<C-y>" : "\<C-g>u\<CR>" " inoremap <expr> <C-n> pumvisible() ? '<C-n>' : \ '<C-n><C-r>=pumvisible() ? "\<lt>Down>" : ""<CR>' inoremap <expr> <M-,> pumvisible() ? '<C-n>' : \ '<C-x><C-o><C-n><C-p><C-r>=pumvisible() ? "\<lt>Down>" : ""<CR>'

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  • How do I resolve "conflicting accounts" in google apps without breaking links to online photos on picasa?

    - by lee
    I have been using google apps for some time, and only recently learned I have what google calls "conflicting accounts" which is creating a problem I haven't been able to resolve. Turns out that the apps account really only covers email, google docs, and the calendar and not other features like picasa, blogger, youtube etc. and at some point they gave me a non-apps google account with my same (proprietary non-gmail) email address for the additional apps. This is the "conflicting account." I had noticed that I sometimes had to come in through another door when I went back and forth, between docs, picasa, and mail let's say, but never understood why since it was the same username and password and I didn't get any communication about it at the time. Google is now in the process of giving google apps users access to the additional apps and providing instructions for consolidating the two accounts. But if I want to move my picasa site into the new apps structure I have to download my albums and re-synch them. This would be disastrous for me as I have hundreds of photos embedded in my websites, and new web addresses would break all the connections. The alternative seems to be to rename my "personal" (non-apps) accounts as described at http://www.google.com/support/a/bin/answer.py?answer=185186: Users with conflicting Google Accounts can easily resolve their conflicts by renaming their personal Google Accounts, and the data in their personal accounts will remain safe and accessible to them. Here’s how a user can rename their personal Google Account: * Step 1: Visit www.google.com/accounts and sign in with your personal Google Account * Step 2: Click ‘Change email’ under ‘Personal Settings’ * Step 3: Enter a different email address where you can receive mail, enter your password, and click ‘Save email address’ * Step 4: Check your other email If your users don’t have different email addresses where they can receive mail, they can resolve the conflict by renaming their personal Google Accounts to @gmail.com addresses instead. Sounds easy enough, right? I gave them a gmail address. The wizard said "sorry you can't use a gmail account for this" --which contradicts the last paragraph above but ok, I switched to a new email address I just created for one of my domains. I can send email back and forth between this account and my google apps account with no problem. But when I try to use it as a replacement on the "personal" side I always get "The password you gave is incorrect." I have tried it over and over and know the password is correct. Since I like to get all my emails though one web interface I initially had the new email set up as an add-on to my google apps email account, but noting that the instructions said the "personal account" email could not be associated with any other gmail account I took it off and went back to accessing it via horde so there would be no conflict there, which seemed to make no difference. I can't figure out why it won't accept the password. Does anyone have any thoughts about that? or suggestions for another way to resolve my picasa problem? any help at all is greatly appreciated. Lee

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  • Outlook Web Access, reverse proxy and browser

    - by M'vy
    Hi SF'ers! We recently moved an exchange server behind a reverse proxy due to the loss of a public IP. I've managed to configure the reverse proxy (httpd proxy_http). But there is a problem for the SSL configuration. When accessing the OWA interface with Firefox, all is ok and working. When accessing with MSIE or Chrome, they do not retrieve the good SSL Certificate. I think this is due to the multiples virtual host for httpd. Is there a workaround to make sure MSIE/Chrome request the certificate for the good domain name like FF does? Already tested with the SSL virtual host : SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" value BrowserMSIE Header unset WWW-Authenticate Header add WWW-Authenticate "Basic realm=exchange.domain.com" A: ProxyPreserveHost On also: BrowserMatch ".*MSIE.*" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 Or: SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 And lots of ProxyPassand ProxyReversePath on /exchweb /exchange /public etc... And it still don't seem to work. Any clue? Thanks. Edit 1: Precision of versions # openssl version OpenSSL 0.9.8k-fips 25 Mar 2009 /usr/sbin/httpd -v Server version: Apache/2.2.11 (Unix) Server built: Mar 17 2009 09:15:10 Browser versions : MSIE : 8.0.6001 Opera: Version 11.01 Revision 1190 Firefox: 3.6.15 Chrome: 10.0.648.151 Operating System: Windows Vista 32bits. They are all SNI compliant, I've tested them this afternoon https://sni.velox.ch/ You're right Shane Madden, I have multiple sites on the same public IP (and same port as well). The server itself is just a reverse proxy, that rewrite addresses to internal servers. The default host is a dev site, configure with the certificate that does not match the OWA (of course... would have been to easy) <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName dev2.domain.com ServerAdmin [email protected] CustomLog "| /usr/sbin/rotatelogs /var/log/httpd/access-%y%m%d.log 86400" combined ErrorLog "| /usr/sbin/rotatelogs /var/log/httpd/error-%y%m%d.log 86400" LogLevel warn RewriteEngine on SetEnvIfNoCase X-Forwarded-For .+ proxy=yes SSLEngine on SSLProtocol -all +SSLv3 +TLSv1 SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL:+SSLv3 SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/domain.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/domain.com.key RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} dev2\.domain\.com RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://dev2.domain.com/$1 [L,P] </VirtualHost> The certificate of domain is a *.domain.com The second vHost is : <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName exchange.domain2.com ServerAdmin [email protected] CustomLog "| /usr/sbin/rotatelogs /var/log/httpd/exchange/access-%y%m%d.log 86400" combined ErrorLog "| /usr/sbin/rotatelogs /var/log/httpd/exchange/error-%y%m%d.log 86400" LogLevel warn SSLEngine on SSLProxyEngine On SSLProtocol -all +SSLv3 +TLSv1 SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL:+SSLv3 SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/exchange.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/exchange.key RewriteEngine on SetEnvIfNoCase X-Forwarded-For .+ proxy=yes RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} exchange\.domain2\.com RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ https://exchange.domain2.com/$1 [L,P] </VirtualHost> and it's certificate is exchange.domain2.com only. I presume the SNI is somewhere not activated on my server. The versions of openssl and apache seams to be ok for the SNI support. The only thing I do not know is if httpd has been compile with the good options. (I assume it's a fedora packet).

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  • IPv6 host route is deleted after PMTU expires

    - by SAPikachu
    I am experimenting my new IPv6 tunnel setup between my local Ubuntu box and a scratch Linode. I set up some docker containers, configured 6in4 tunnel server and IPv6 forwarding on the Linode: # uname -a Linux argo 3.15.4-x86_64-linode45 #1 SMP Mon Jul 7 08:42:36 EDT 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # ip addr .. snipped .. 48: sit-sapikachu: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/sit 106.185.41.115 peer 1.2.3.4 inet6 fd00::1/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::6ab9:2973/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 13: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 56:84:7a:fe:97:99 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.42.1/16 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fc00::1/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::5484:7aff:fefe:9799/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever // Docker containers are bridged to docker0 On my local box, I configured a 6in4 tunnel interface to connect to the Linode box, and added a host route to one of the docker container: # uname -a Linux sapikachu-netbox 3.13.0-24-generic #47-Ubuntu SMP Fri May 2 23:30:00 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # ip addr .. snipped .. 16: sit-argo: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1480 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/sit 0.0.0.0 peer 106.185.41.115 inet6 fd00::2/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a97:302/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::ac19:1/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c0a8:1f0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c0a8:1fa/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether *** brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff .. snipped .. inet6 fd00:0:1::1/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::2e0:6fff:fe0e:365e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever # ip route replace fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d via fd00::1 # Add route to docker container # ip -6 route .. snipped unrelated routes fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d via fd00::1 dev sit-argo metric 1024 expires 590sec mtu 1472 fd00::/64 dev sit-argo proto kernel metric 256 fd00:0:1::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev sit-argo proto kernel metric 256 (Note that tunnel MTU on my local box is different from the server, this is intentional for testing) After adding the host route to the docker container (fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d), I can ping the container without problem until the route expires. After that I couldn't get reply any more. If I run ip -6 route in a few seconds after expiration, expiration time of the host route will be a negative number: fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d via fd00::1 dev sit-argo metric 1024 expires -1sec And output of ip route get fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d shows that it is routed to my default IPv6 gateway (which fails to route it correctly of course, since the address is not globally routable). After some time, the host route disappears without a trace. This problem won't happen if I do either one of the following things: Set MTU of tunnel on my local box to be the same as the server (1472). The route won't have expiration time in both ip -6 route and ip route get in this case. Instead of adding a host route, add a route with network mask (even /127 works). In this case ip -6 route shows the route without expiration time, ip route get shows expiration time but it will be correctly refreshed after expiration. Although this problem can be easily resolved, I am curious to know why this happens. Is there error in my configuration, or is this a kernel bug?

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  • Pushing DNSSEC updates with offline keys

    - by eggyal
    In a non-professional capacity, I look after the DNS of some 18 domains: mostly personal/vanity domains for immediate family. I outsource the whole shebang to an inexpensive managed hosting provider with a web interface through which I manage the zones; since the provider also offers DNSSEC, I have successfully deployed that too. These domains are so unimportant that an attack targetted against them seems much less likely than a general compromise of my provider's systems, at which point the records of all their customers might be changed to misdirect traffic (perhaps with extremely long TTLs). DNSSEC could protect against such an attack, but only if the zone's private keys are not held by the hosting provider. So, I wonder: how can one keep DNSSEC private keys offline yet still transfer signed zones to an outsourced DNS host? The most obvious answer (to me, at least) is to run one's own shadow/hidden master (from which the provider can slave) and then copy offline-signed zonefiles to the master as required. The problem is that the only machine I (want to*) control is my personal laptop, which usually connects from a typical home ADSL (behind NAT over a dynamically-assigned IP address). Having them slave from that (e.g. with a very long Expiry time on the zone for periods when my laptop is offline/unavailable) would not only require a Dynamic DNS record from which they can slave (if indeed they can slave from a named host rather than a static IP address), but would also involve me running a DNS server on my laptop and opening both it and my home network up to the incoming zone transfer requests: not ideal. I would prefer a much more push-oriented design, whereby my laptop initiates transfer of offline-signed zonefiles/updates to the provider's servers. I looked into whether nsupdate could fit the bill: documentation is a little sketchy, but my testing (with BIND 9.7) suggests it can indeed update DNSSEC zones, but only where the server holds the keys to perform the zone signing; I have not found a way to have it take an update including the relevant RRSIG/NSEC/etc. records and have the server accept them. Is this a supported use-case? If not, I suspect the only solutions which could fit the bill will involve non-DNS-based transfer of the zone updates and would welcome recommendations that are supported by (hopefully inexpensive) hosting providers: SFTP/SCP? rsync? RDBMS replication? Proprietary API? Finally, what would be the practical implications of such a setup? Key rotation is jumping out at me as being an obvious difficulty, especially if my laptop is offline for extended periods. But the zones are extremely stable, so perhaps I could get away with long-lived ZSKs**...? * Whilst I could run a shadow/hidden master on e.g. an outsourced VPS, I dislike the overhead of having to secure / manage / monitor / maintain yet another system; not to mention the additional financial costs of so doing. ** Okay, this would enable a concerted attacker to replay outdated records—but the risk and impact of such are both tolerable in the case of these domains.

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  • KVM with one host IP and a different subnet for machines

    - by Jguy
    I've already setup a KVM host with proper IP configurations, but my host had me create DHCP and use that to assign the IP's to the machines. I want to see if there's an easier way to do it (or better). Upon my first setting out on this, I didn't find anything that pointed me in the right direction. I'm coming off a fresh install of Debian 6.0 x64, so I have nothing installed. I've logged in, queried for the below information and changed the password from my host set one. I have a Debian 6.0 x64 system with the following initial network configuration (substituted 255 in place of my real first octave): # tail /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 255.9.24.80 broadcast 255.9.24.95 netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 255.9.24.65 # default route to access subnet up route add -net 255.9.24.64 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 255.9.24.65 eth0 I have a /29 subnet that I want the virtual machines to use from my host: IP: 255.46.187.152 /29 Mask: 255.255.255.248 Broadcast: 255.46.187.159 Usable IP addresses: 255.46.187.153 to 255.46.187.158 I like the interface of Cloudmin, so I want to try and use that if I can to administrate my guests. So, my questions: How do I set this up on the host system the best so that I can use the additional Subnet IP's on the guests and have them accessible from the internet? I also need to host a DNS server, which means one of these VM's has to have two IP's assigned to it and accessable from the outside world. How can I do that using Cloudmin? I had a question about this here: Multiple IP addresses assigned to one KVM VM But I just reformatted the entire server and am trying to figure out a better way of doing this. Machine information: # ip route show 255.9.24.64/27 via 255.9.24.65 dev eth0 255.9.24.64/27 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 255.9.24.80 default via 255.9.24.65 dev eth0 brctl is empty # ip addr list 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether c8:60:00:54:b5:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 255.9.24.80/27 brd 255.9.24.95 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::ca60:ff:fe54:b5d8/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Thank you for any help you can provide me. EDIT: I've installed kvm and cloudmin: aptitude install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin wget http://cloudmin.virtualmin.com/gpl/scripts/cloudmin-kvm-debian-install.sh ./cloudmin-kvm-debian-install.sh Rebooted and now my network configuration looks like this: # device: eth0 iface eth0 inet manual # default route to access subnet iface br0 inet static address 255.9.24.80 netmask 255.255.255.224 broadcast 255.9.24.95 network 255.9.24.64 bridge_ports eth0 gateway 255.9.24.65 I setup in Cloudmin the Start IP as 255.46.187.153 and End IP as 255.46.187.158. The CIDR is 29 and the gateway is 255.46.187.152. I've installed a guest with ubuntuserver 12.04 x64, which was able to get and retrieve internet resources during installation, but now cannot reach anything nor can it be reached from anything. Its network configuration is: iface eth0 inet static address 255.46.187.153 netmask 255.255.255.224 broadcast 255.46.187.159 gateway 255.46.187.152 dns-nameservers <host provided nameservers> And is not able to ping google.com through DNS or direct IP, I can't ping the VM from the outside or the host. any ideas now?

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  • How broken is routing strategy that causes a martian packet (so far only) during tracepath?

    - by lkraav
    I believe I've achieved a table that routes packets from and to eth1/192.168.3.x through 192.168.3.1, and packets from and to eth0/192.168.1.x through 192.168.1.1 (helpful source). Question: when doing tracepath from 192.168.3.20 (from within vserver), I'm getting kernel: [318535.927489] martian source 192.168.3.20 from 212.47.223.33, on dev eth0 at or near the target IP, while intermediary hops go without (log below). I don't understand why this packet is arriving on eth0, instead of eth1, even after reading this: Note that you may see packets from non-routable IP addresses when running the traceroute or tracepath commands. While packets cannot be routed to these routers, packets sent between 2 routers only need to know the address of the next hop within the local networks, which could be a non-routable address. Can someone explain that paragraph in human language? Based on short initial trials so far, everything else seems to work without causing martians. Is this contained to the nature of tracepath operation or do I have some other bigger routing problem that will cause work traffic breakage? Side note: is it possible to inspect martian packet with tcpdump or wireshark or anything of the sort? I'm have not been able to get it to show up on my own. vserver-20 / # tracepath -n 212.47.223.33 1: 192.168.3.2 0.064ms pmtu 1500 1: 192.168.3.1 1.076ms 1: 192.168.3.1 1.259ms 2: 90.191.8.2 1.908ms 3: 90.190.134.194 2.595ms 4: 194.126.123.94 2.136ms asymm 5 5: 195.250.170.22 2.266ms asymm 6 6: 212.47.201.86 2.390ms asymm 7 7: no reply 8: no reply 9: no reply ^C Host routing: $ sudo ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo 2: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop state DOWN link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:24:1d:de:b3:5d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.2/24 scope global eth0 4: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:46:46:a3:6a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.3.2/27 scope global eth1 inet 192.168.3.20/27 brd 192.168.3.31 scope global secondary eth1 # linux-vserver instance $ sudo ip route default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 metric 3 unreachable 127.0.0.0/8 scope host 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.2 192.168.3.0/27 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.2 $ sudo ip rule 0: from all lookup local 32764: from all to 192.168.3.0/27 lookup dmz 32765: from 192.168.3.0/27 lookup dmz 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default $ sudo ip route show table dmz default via 192.168.3.1 dev eth1 metric 4 192.168.3.0/27 dev eth1 scope link metric 4 Gateway routing # ip route 10.24.0.2 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.24.0.1 10.24.0.0/24 via 10.24.0.2 dev tun0 192.168.3.0/24 dev br-dmz proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.1 192.168.1.0/24 dev br-lan proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 $ISP_NET/23 dev eth0.1 proto kernel scope link src $WAN_IP default via $ISP_GW dev eth0.1 Additional background Options for non-virtualized network interface isolation?

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  • How To Start Your Own Professional Blog with WordPress

    - by Matthew Guay
    Would you like to start your own blog or website?  With a free WordPress  account, it’s free and easy to get started creating your own professional quality blog site. This is the first part in a series on how to create your own professional quality blog site. No, we’re not talking about some cheapo looking blog from Blogger or something on Facebook, but creating a quality blog you can be proud of and present to millions of readers online. WordPress is one of the most popular blogging platforms, powering hundreds of high-profile websites and blogs around the world.  It’s both powerful and easy to use, which makes it great whether you’re just starting out or are a blogging pro.  To start out with your blogging project WordPress is completely free, and you can use the online interface or install the WordPress software on your own server and blog from there. Getting Started You can start a blog in just a few minutes.  Head over to WordPress.com and click Sign up now on the right-hand side of the main page. Enter a username and password, check that you agree with the legal terms, select the “Gimme a blog” bullet, and click Next. WordPress may inform you that your username is already taken, simply choose a new one and try again. Next, choose a domain for your blog.  This will be the address for your site, and cannot be changed, so be sure to choose exactly what you want.  If you’d prefer your address to be yourname.com instead of yourname.wordpress.com, you can add your own domain for a fee after your blog is setup…but we’ll cover that later. Once you click signup, you will be sent a confirmation email.  While you wait for the email to arrive you can go ahead and enter in your name and a short bio about yourself. When you receive your confirmation email, click the link.  Congratulations; you now have your own blog! You can view your new blog immediately, though the default theme isn’t very interesting without your content and pictures. Back on the page you opened from the email, click Login to access your blog’s administration page and to start adding stuff to your blog.  You can also access your blog’s admin page anytime by from yourname.wordpress.com/admin, substituting your own blog name for yourname. Enter your username and password, then click Log in to get started. Adding Content to your WordPress.com Blog When you sign in to your WordPress blog, you’ll first see the WordPress Admin page.  Here you can see recent posts and comments, and you can see stats of how many people have visited your site.  You can also access all of your blog tools and settings right from this page. To add a new post to your blog, click the Posts link on the left, then click “Add New” either on the left menu or on the top of the Edit Posts page.  Or, if you want to edit the default first post, hover over it and select Edit. Or click the New Posts button on the top of the page.  This menu bar is always visible whenever you’re logged in, so it’s an easy way to add a post. The editor lets you easily write anything you want in a Microsoft Word-style editor.  You can format your text, add lists, links, quotes, and more.  When you’re ready to share your content with the world, click Publish on the right side. To add pictures or other files, click the picture icon beside “Upload/Insert”.  Your free blog account can store up to 3Gb of pictures and documents which will definitely give you a good start. Click Select Files, and then choose the pictures or documents you want to add to your post. When the pictures have uploaded, you can add a caption and choose how to position the picture.  When you’re finished, select “Insert into Post”.   Or, if you want to add a video, click the video button.  You have to add a paid upgrade to upload videos directly, but you can add YouTube and other online videos for free. Click the “From URL” tab, and then paste the link to the YouTube video and click Insert into post. If you’re a code geek, click the HTML tab in the editor and edit the HTML of your blog post the geeky way. Once you’ve added all your content and edited it the way you want, click the Publish button on the right of the editor.  Or, you can click Preview to make sure it looks right, and then click Publish. Here’s our blog with the new blog post containing a picture and video.  While you’re getting to know you’re way around the controls in WordPress, the Preview feature will be your best friend while you try to organize the content to your liking.   Conclusion It only takes a couple minutes to get started blogging at WordPress.com. Whether you want to write about your daily life, share pictures of your children, or review the latest books and gadgets, WordPress.com is a great place to get started for free.  But we’ve only covered a small portion of the WordPress features…but this should get you started. Check back for more WordPress and blogging coverage coming up soon! Links Signup for a free WordPress.com account Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Add Social Bookmarking (Digg This!) Links to your Wordpress BlogHow-To Geek SoftwareProtecting Your WordPress Admin Panel From Hackers With .htaccessMake a Backup Copy of your Production Wordpress Blog on UbuntuLinux QuickTip: Downloading and Un-tarring in One Step TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Awe inspiring, inter-galactic theme (Win 7) Case Study – How to Optimize Popular Wordpress Sites Restore Hidden Updates in Windows 7 & Vista Iceland an Insurance Job? Find Downloads and Add-ins for Outlook Recycle !

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