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• grep - what arguments do you usually specify?

  - by meder

  My most common grep line is just.. grep -IRl "text" * However I'm kinda getting tired of retyping this over and over - is there some way I can make an alias command so that those arguments are always enabled? And, I was wondering what arguments you usually specify for text searching - my two arguments 'R' for recursion, 'I' for not including binary types like jpg/gif, and 'l' for line number seem a bit too minimal. Which arguments do you use?

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• What is a good partitioning design/scheme for a multi-boot *nix system?

  - by static

  I'm planning to install Debian on my server. I would like to design the partitioning scheme in such a way, that I could install one or more other *nix distributives on that. So, reading many articles I think this scheme could be a good one for the initial idea of multi-boot: /grub /swap /LVM VG1 (for OS1) -> /boot (LV1) / (LV2) /tmp (LV3) /var ... /var/log /home /LVM VG2 (for OS2) -> /boot / /tmp /var /var/log /home ... (other distros) /LVM VG0 (for data) -> /data (LV1) But I'm confused a little bit now: what should be the labels for these partitions (unique or not) and what should be the mounting points looking as (/home (OS1) mounted to /home as well as /home (OS2)...)?

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• If I exchange the CPU, must I reinstall the OSes? (swapping cpus from one *nix-like to another)

  - by dag729

  Hi, as suggested by the title, I want to change CPU: actually I have two computers, one with Ubuntu running on an AMD Athlon 64 dual core 5200+ and the other with FreeBSD running on an AMD Sempron single core LE-1250. I would like to swap (I am not sure that this is the correct term...) the CPUs from one computer to the other one, that is take the dual core from the ubuntu pc and put it inside the freebsd pc and viceversa. The mobo is the same. Do you think I will encounter problems?

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• ipfw to redirect traffic from port 80 and 443 to 8080

  - by user1048138

  -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.10.0/24 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080 -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.10.0/24 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080 -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.10.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE The above code is what I have used on linux to forward my ports to 8080, how can I do the same on a mac? I have tried test_machine:~ root# ipfw show 00666 0 0 fwd 127.0.0.1,8080 tcp from any to me dst-port 80 and its not working! any suggestions?

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• Finding custom printer-specific options on *nix

  - by enbuyukfener

  Hey all, I have a printer set up using CUPS (FujiXerox Document Center 1100), it is named DC1100. There are capabilities of the printer that are not shows as options of the printer as listed by: lpoptions -l -d DC1100 The output is below: PrintoutMode/Printout Mode: Draft *Normal High Photo InputSlot/Media Source: Upper Lower MultiPurpose LargeCapacity Manual *Standard PageSize/Page Size: *Letter A4 C5 C6 COM10 DL Executive Legal Monarch Statement PageRegion/PageRegion: Letter A4 C5 C6 COM10 DL Executive Legal Monarch Statement STP_Brightness/Brightness: 0.00 0.02 0.04 [snip] 2.00 STP_Contrast/Contrast: 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 [snip] 4.00 STP_ColorCorrection/Color Correction: Accurate Bright Density [snip] Uncorrected STP_DitherAlgorithm/Dither Algorithm: Adaptive EvenTone Fast [snip] VeryFast STP_EnableDensity/Density Enable: *Disabled Enabled STP_Density/Density Value: 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 [snip] 8.0 STP_EnableGamma/Composite Gamma Enable: *Disabled Enabled STP_Gamma/Composite Gamma Value: 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 [snip] 4.00 STP_LinearContrast/Linear Contrast Adjustment: *False True STP_Duplex/Double-Sided Printing: DuplexNoTumble DuplexTumble *None Resolution/Rendering Resolution: *FromPrintoutMode 150x150dpi 300x300dpi 600x600dpi OutputType/Output Type: *FromPrintoutMode BlackAndWhite Grayscale STP_ImageType/Image Type: *FromPrintoutMode Photo Graphics LineArt None Text TextGraphics STP_Resolution/Resolution: *FromPrintoutMode 150dpi 300dpi 600dpi I am particularly looking for options for: "secure print" (possibly by setting a mode and setting a username) stapling hole punching Perhaps I need a vendor specific driver/PPD file? If so, any pointers as I have no idea where to look for one. I haven't been able to find one on the official site or on sites such as http://www.openprinting.org

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• finger for Windows

  - by tearman

  Ok probably a bit of an odd question, but is there a way to enable "finger" like functionality on a Windows network? we'd basically like the ability to find out where a user is logged in on a network and possibly which users are logged onto a workstation if possible. We're currently on AD2003 functional level, with the intent of going to AD2008 very soon, so compatibility in that arena is preferable.

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• HP-UX -> Linux incremental remote backup

  - by stack_zen

  Hi. I've the need to setup a differential backup process from a range of remote HP-UXes to a central RHEL5 server. I'd happily go with rsync, problem is, stock HP-UX 11.11 has no built-in rsync and I don't have permissions to install any software on the remote stock HP-UXes. How should I approach this? HP-UX provides: fbackup (HP-UX exclusive) cpio (available in RHEL5, allows backing up only the files which changed, but always grabs the totality of the file) ssh remote_user@remote_host 'find /u01/engine/logs/ -type f -name "*.log" | cpio -o | gzip -' | cpio gunzip - | -idmv Those solutions don't really answer my incremental (bandwidth efficiency) problem do they?

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• ksh Auto-Completion PuTTY Configuration

  - by Nitrodist

  I'm having a bit of a problem configuring my PuTTY client to work with the auto-completion feature in the ksh shell. I do a listing on the root with the directories /home and /homeroot and it returns the directories in a list just fine. I can't select it, though, by hitting X = (where X is the number). /home/nitrodist>ls /h #hits esc + = 1) home/ 2) homeroot/ #hits 2 + = for the 'homeroot' dir 1) home/ 2) homeroot/ #hits just the '=' key. 1) home/ 2) homeroot/ Any ideas? I've su -'d to another user who can actually do it with their PuTTY session and I can't do it there, which makes me think it's a PuTTY configuration issue. This is running on a ksh93 shell on HP-UX, if that makes any difference. Here's my ksh config: /home/campbelm>set -o Current option settings allexport off bgnice on emacs off errexit off gmacs off ignoreeof off interactive on keyword off markdirs off monitor on noexec off noclobber off noglob off nolog off notify off nounset off privileged off restricted off trackall off verbose off vi on viraw on xtrace off /home/campbelm>

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• Installing "SoX" via the Terminal

  - by timkl

  I'm new to installing applications via the Terminal, so excuse my absolute ignorance on the subject. I want to install SoX ( http://sox.sourceforge.net/ ), so I can do some ninja audio editing. First I installed git, then I installed SoX. I didn't get any error messages and the installation has spawned a sox-folder in my Users/myName-folder. However when I use the program by typing "sox" in the Terminal, nothing happens, all I get is "command not found". Does anybody know how to troubleshoot this?

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• Upload database backup from mysql to Amazon S3 or Glacier without creating local file

  - by Rubem Azenha

  Is there a tool that makes possible to backup a Mysql database to Amazon S3 or Amazon Glacier without having o create a local file with the database contents? Something like that: mysqldump -u root -ppass -h host --all-databases | magical-s3-tool s3-bucket backup-yyyy-mm-dd.sql This magical tool would use the pipe data and transfer the backup data directly to S3, without creating a local file.

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• how to manage credentials/access to multiple ssh servers

  - by geoaxis

  I would like to make a script which can maintain multiple servers via SSH. I want to control the authentication/authorization in such a manner that authentication is done by gateway and any other access is routed through this ssh server to internal services without any further authentication/authorization requirements. So if a user A can log into server_1 for example. He can then ssh to server_2 without any other authentication and do what ever he is allowed to do on server_2 (like shut down mysql, upgrade it and restart it. This could be done via some remote shell script). The problem that I am trying to solve is to come up with a deployment script for a JavaEE system which involves databases and tomcat instances. They need to be shutdown and re-spawned. The requirement is to have a deployment script which has minimal human interaction as possible for both developers and operation.

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• Can't install xclip on Ubuntu 10.10

  - by wildster

  I'm trying to load an SSH key to Github from a new machine and this command is not working: sudo apt-get install xclip Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package xclip is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source E: Package xclip has no installation candidate when I try: sudo aptitude install xclip Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done No candidate version found for xclip No candidate version found for xclip The following partially installed packages will be configured: synaptics-dkms 0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B of archives. After unpacking 0B will be used. Writing extended state information... Done Setting up synaptics-dkms (1.1.1) ... Loading new synaptics-1.1.1 DKMS files... Error! Cannot locate /usr/src/synaptics-1.1.1.dkms.tar.gz. File does not exist. dpkg: error processing synaptics-dkms (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 Errors were encountered while processing: synaptics-dkms E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) A package failed to install. Trying to recover: Setting up synaptics-dkms (1.1.1) ... Loading new synaptics-1.1.1 DKMS files... Error! Cannot locate /usr/src/synaptics-1.1.1.dkms.tar.gz. File does not exist. dpkg: error processing synaptics-dkms (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 Errors were encountered while processing: synaptics-dkms Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Any idea how I can install this? Mucho thanks in advance

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• compressing dd backup on the fly

  - by Phil

  Maybe this will sound like dumb question but the way i'm trying to do it doesn't work. I'm on livecd, drive is unmounted, etc. When i do backup this way sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/media/disk/sda2-backup-10august09.ext3 bs=64k ...normally it would work but i don't have enough space on external hd i'm copying to (it ALMOST fits into it). So I wanted to compress this way sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 | gzip > /media/disk/sda2-backup-10august09.gz ...but i got permissions denied. I don't understand.

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• What exactly is there in the /etc/passwd file?

  - by Ram Bhat

  Well we all know that it holds passwords. But cat-ing it gives out nothing. Not even encrypted gibberish. So how exactly is a password stored in this? Is this like a device file or something?

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• Is it possible to open server ports on TUN devices?

  - by JosephH

  If I make a VPN connection to a server (say myvpn.com; assume this server is not behind any router/firewall) via a TUN device and open a port (say 5555), will someone else be able to connect to me via myvpn.com:5555? If not, is there a tunneling software that does exactly this in a transparent manner? i.e. run any TCP/UDP-based server instance behind a router without NAT using another remote server.

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• killing all instances of chrome on the command line?

  - by Fedor

  In some cases killing a single tab/process doesn't do it and I need to close Chrome entirely. Since Chrome has multiple processes, how can I close all of them at once? I know that... pgrep chrome returns all the pids, can someone tell me a trick that would allow me to close all of them by feeding them to another command or merging them to a csv or something?

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• Website filtering for OpenVPN clients

  - by Asche

  I am currently trying to block some websites by their domain names for all the clients of my OpenVPN server. My first idea was to use the /etc/hosts file. But, its effects seem to be limited to the host only and not to be taken in consideration by OpenVPN. I then tried to configure bind9 and to interface it with OpenVPN, but that solution was unsuccessful and uneasy to use. After this, I considered using iptables to drop all the packets from/to those websites but that forum thread made me thought otherwise since iptables' behavior with FQDN may generate complex issues. Have you got a solution to block websites for all clients using an OpenVPN server on which I am root?

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• How to rename a file inside a folder using a shell command?

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  I have a file at some/long/path/to/file/myfiel.txt. I want to rename it to some/long/path/to/file/myfile.txt. Currently I do it by mv some/long/path/to/file/myfiel.txt some/long/path/to/file/myfile.txt , but typing the path twice isn't terribly effective (even with tab completion). How can I do this faster? (I think I can write a function to change the filename segment only, but that's plan B).

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• Redirect tty device under MacOS X 10.6

  - by user42579

  how do i redirect a USB tty (arduino) to a file in Macos X 10.6 in Terminal ? "screen /dev/tty.usbserial... 9600" works, but "cat /dev/tty.usbserial..." does not, but blocks.

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• what does the @ symbol mean in ls -l directory listing?

  - by Andrew Arrow

  When I run ls -l on my mac I see two .yml files: -rw-r--r-- 1 aa staff 6 Apr 15 05:50 s1.yml -rw-r--r--@ 1 aa staff 362 Apr 15 05:49 s3.yml same owner, same permissions but one has a @ at the end of the permisions. The one with the @ shows up in my editor, the one without does not. So there must be some significance. How can I turn on the @ for the file without it? I selected the files in the finder and did get info and everything looks identical between the two files.

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• *nix: Run as different user GUI

  - by singpolyma

  I want to run an application using only GUI as a different user. Not root. I want the user to be presented with a dropdown of system users, select one, enter the password, and the app gets run as that user. Like gksudo but user to run as specified in GUI and not as switch. Does such an app exist?

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• Script to gather all the files ending in .log and create a tar.gz file.

  - by Oscar Reyes

  I'm currently using this script line to find all the log files from a given directory structure and copy them to another directy where I can easily compress them. find . -name "*.log" -exec cp \{\} /tmp/allLogs/ \; The problem I have, is, the directory/subdirectory information gets lost because, I'm copying only the file. For instance I have: ./product/install/install.log ./product/execution/daily.log ./other/conf/blah.log And I end up with: /tmp/allLogs/install.log /tmp/allLogs/daily.log /tmp/allLogs/blah.log And I would like to have: /tmp/allLogs/product/install/install.log /tmp/allLogs/product/execution/daily.log /tmp/allLogs/other/conf/blah.log

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• Terminal emulation has stopped working. Garbage escape chars

  - by oligofren

  To enable me to do some remote administration of our servers I started using a terminal emulation program called TouchTerm Pro on my iPhone. While not the smoothest experience, it has allowed me to leave my computer behind when going out of town, which makes the slightly painful experience worthwhile. As of late, the app unfortunately no longer works. Pressing up and down keys after logging on via ssh gives me garbage like ^[[A and ^[[B. Combinations with Ctrl - like you can see in the video - no longer works either. Writing full command lines and executing by the enter key works though. Being able to search my bash history was the difference between a usable app and endless frustration, so getting it to work is essential. The app has (of course) met its end of life, not getting updated anymore. I am not quite sure, which side (client or server) that has to be "fixed"/hacked to make the control sequences work again. But is there something I can do to make it work as intended? You can see a video of TouchTerm in operation here.

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• UTF-8 and !# shell scripts

  - by sal

  Is there a way to configure bash on Linux (red hat and ubuntu) to allow shell scripts to be encoded in UTF-8? I can't find a simple way to change just one little thing and have the whole system just use UTF-8 files without having to worry about encoding.

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• sendmail - DSN: Name Server host not found

  - by Daniel Mitchell

  I've recently setup a new backup server and have configured sendmail with a smart_relay_host Except every email from the command line doesn't go anywhere. From mail.log: Oct 3 14:32:52 **back01 sm-mta[16570]: p93DWqtC016568: to=<[email protected], ctladdr= (0/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=120762, relay=10.2.30.60, dsn=5.1.2, stat=Host unknown (Name server: 10.2.30.60: host not found) Oct 3 14:32:52 ***back01 sm-mta[16570]: p93DWqtC016568: p93DWqtC016570: DSN: Host unknown (Name server: 10.2.30.60: host not found) DNS is working correctly on this box. I can do forward and reverse lookups. I can also telnet to the mail relay and send a message that way. I'm stumped, any suggestions?

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