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  • Why do C compilers prepend underscores to external names?

    - by Michael Burr
    I've been working in C for so long that the fact that compilers typically add an underscore to the start of an extern is just understood... However, another SO question today got me wondering about the real reason why the underscore is added. A wikipedia article claims that a reason is: It was common practice for C compilers to prepend a leading underscore to all external scope program identifiers to avert clashes with contributions from runtime language support I think there's at least a kernel of truth to this, but also it seems to no really answer the question, since if the underscore is added to all externs it won't help much with preventing clashes. Does anyone have good information on the rationale for the leading underscore? Is the added underscore part of the reason that the Unix creat() system call doesn't end with an 'e'? I've heard that early linkers on some platforms had a limit of 6 characters for names. If that's the case, then prepending an underscore to external names would seem to be a downright crazy idea (now I only have 5 characters to play with...).

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  • If I specify a System property multiple times when invoking JVM which value is used?

    - by RobV
    If I specify a system property multiple times when invoking the JVM which value will I actually get when I retrieve the property? e.g. java -Dprop=A -Dprop=B -jar my.jar What will be the result when I call System.getProperty("prop");? The Java documentation on this does not really tell me anything useful on this front. In my non-scientific testing on a couple of machines running different JVMs it seems like the last value is the one returned (which is actually the behavior I need) but I wondered if this behavior is actually defined officially anywhere or can it vary between JVMs?

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  • How do I test ActionFilterAttributes that work with ModelState?

    - by Tomas Lycken
    As suggested by (among others) Kazi Manzur Rashid in this blog post, I am using ActionFilterAttributes to transfer model state from one request to another when redirecting. However, I find myself unable to write a unit test that test the behavior of these attributes. As an example, this what I want the test for the ImportModelStateAttribute to do: Setup the filterContext so that TempData[myKey] contains some fake "exported" ModelState (that is, a ModelStateDictionary I create myself, and add one error to) Make ModelState contain one model error. Call OnActionExecuting. Verify the two dictionaries are merged, and ModelState now contains both errors. I'm at a loss already on the second step.

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  • How to browse a Matrix returned by the OpenCV2.0 Canny() function ?

    - by user290613
    Hi all, I've been browsing the web to get an answer but no way to put my hand on it. I call the Canny function that fills me a matrix Canny(src, dst, 220, 299, 3 ); the dst variable is now a Matrix that is according to me of type CV_8UC1, 8bit, 1channel. Now I would like to browse this matrix according to rows and columns, so there was a trick that I've seen on stackoverflow dst.at<uchar*>(3, 5) In my case it crashes. (Assertion Failed, unknown function, cxmat.hpp line 450) My matrix information are myMatrix.width() = 181 myMatrix.height() = 65 One more thing, when I do std::cout << dst.depth() << std::endl; It always retrieves me 0 and not 8 (which I guess Im suppose to get) Thank you very much for all who will reply,

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  • Concatenating rows from different tables into one field

    - by Markus
    Hi! In a project using a MSSQL 2005 Database we are required to log all data manipulating actions in a logging table. One field in that table is supposed to contain the row before it was changed. We have a lot of tables so I was trying to write a stored procedure that would gather up all the fields in one row of a table that was given to it, concatenate them somehow and then write a new log entry with that information. I already tried using FOR XML PATH and it worked, but the client doesn't like the XML notation, they want a csv field. Here's what I had with FOR XML PATH: DECLARE @foo varchar(max); SET @foo = (SELECT * FROM table WHERE id = 5775 FOR XML PATH('')); The values for "table", "id" and the actual id (here: 5775) would later be passed in via the call to the stored procedure. Is there any way to do this without getting XML notation and without knowing in advance which fields are going to be returned by the SELECT statement?

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  • Why can't set cast an object from Excel interop?

    - by AngryHacker
    Trying to get a reference to the worksheets (using Excel interop): Excel.Application xl = new Excel.ApplicationClass(); Excel.Workbooks xlWorkBooks = xl.Workbooks; Excel.Workbook xlWorkBook = xlWorkBooks.Open(fileName, 0, false, 5, "", "", true, Excel.XlPlatform.xlWindows, "\t", false, false, 0, true, 1, 0); Excel.Worksheets xlWorkSheets = (Excel.Worksheets) xlWorkBook.Worksheets; // crashes The error is that it cannot cast it: Unable to cast COM object of type 'System.__ComObject' to interface type 'Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheets'. This operation failed because the QueryInterface call on the COM component for the interface with IID '{000208B1-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}' failed due to the following error: No such interface supported (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80004002 (E_NOINTERFACE)). Is my cast incorrect?

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  • After dynamically changing a form submit function causes old function to get called once then new fu

    - by cnobile
    I am setting the submit function on a form with jQuery then later in the process I reset the function to something else. What happens is the original function gets called again then the new function when only the new function should have been called. I am sending the requests with AJAX. The first one validated the values on the server then asks if you want to continue. Clicking the submit again should only call the changed function but for some reason both get called simultaneously with a single click. What is happening here? Could jQuery be delaying the the setting of the 2nd function on the form submit?

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  • WaitForSingleObject( )

    - by Rakesh Agarwal
    I have got myself stuck into a really amazing issue here.The code is like as below. class A { public: A(){ m_event = CreateEvent(NULL, false, false, NULL); // create an event with initial value as non-signalled m_thread = _beginthread(StaticThreadEntry, 0, this); // create a thread } static void StaticThreadEntry(A * obj) { obj->ThreadEntry(); } void ThreadEntry(); }; void A::ThreadEntry() { WaitforSingleObject(m_event,INFINITE); } int main() { A a; SetEvent(m_event); // sets the event to signalled state which causes the running thread to terminate WaitForSingleObject(m_thread, INFINITE); // waits for the thread to terminate return 0; } Problem : When the above code is run,sometimes( 1 out of 5 ) it hangs and the control gets stuck in the call to WaitforSingleObject()( inside the main function ).The code always calls SetEvent() function to ensure that the thread would terminate before calling Wait() function. I do not see any reason why it should ever hang?

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  • Tree View Control problem with render Control function

    - by vikas
    I am using TreeView Control in Asp.net. I have placed this control inside a panel. The tree control is completely binded (we don’t want populate on demand) with an Xmldatasource during a callback and then I call Panel.renderControl to return the response (HTML) to the client side callback handler. Problem: 1. The tree expand/collapse (on click of plus sign) is causing postback whereas when I normally bind a tree with xml during postback and without using renderControl of container control, the expand/collapse (on click of plus sign) is being handled at client side.

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  • Template class giving linker error ...

    - by Atul
    Hi, I am having a template class which is exposed, in which I added a method. This class is in namespace A. Now, I am calling this method in another namespace (say B). Initially, compiler gave me linker error saying "unresolved external symbol" for this particular method. However, if I call this method inside the same namespace (that is A), it links well. After that, it links well in namespace B as well. Why could this be happening ? Does this has something to do with the creating Template object of my class ? Atul

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  • Error when trying to use PDO object

    - by Nate
    EDIT: I'm going to put my code in here due to comments below. So sit tight for a few minutes ;-) Thanks! I'm an inexperienced php programmer and only found out about PDO a few days ago. I'm now trying to port my website code over to using PDO, but I am getting an error when I try to use the PDO object that I create. I'm using a CMS on my website, and it makes building page output kind of complicated, but I've tried to draw the structure of what is being called below: index.php -class myClass defined --method myFunction defined (it gets called on pageload & returns the page output) ---include file1.php ----require_once('mysql_connect.php') (creates pdo object) ----*I can use the pdo object here successfully* ----require_once('file2.php') -----require_once('mysql_connect.php') -----function myFunction2 defined ------*trying to use the pdo object here results in the error* The error I'm getting is: Fatal error: Call to a member function prepare() on a non-object in /home/rgcpanel/public_html/account/account_functions.php on line 147 Any idea what's going on?

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  • How to make if loop in grails?

    - by user3569696
    I'm beginner in Grails, please help. I have this in my gsp <div class="right66"> <g:select class="time_pick" name="pick_day" placeholder="" from="${['Dani', 'Sati', 'Minute']}" valueMessagePrefix="book.category"/> </div> In translation: Dani=Days, Sati= Hours, Minute= Minutes. I need to save data in minutes but User have privilege to choose will his input be in minutes, days or hours. So i have to do if loop. I now how if loop works but i don't know how to wite it in grails. I was thinking something like this: n=1 if(params.type=Dani){ n= 3600 }else if(params.type=Sati) { n=60 } def minute=params.minute*n but how to call that choosen input "Dani"? I can't write Params.type=Dani. Does if loop go in controller in my case?

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  • Unit Testing functions within repository interfaces - ASP.net MVC3 & Moq

    - by RawryLions
    I'm getting into writing unit testing and have implemented a nice repository pattern/moq to allow me to test my functions without using "real" data. So far so good.. However.. In my repository interface for "Posts" IPostRepository I have a function: Post getPostByID(int id); I want to be able to test this from my Test class but cannot work out how. So far I am using this pattern for my tests: [SetUp] public void Setup() { mock = new Mock<IPostRepository>(); } [Test] public void someTest() { populate(10); //This populates the mock with 10 fake entries //do test here } In my function "someTest" I want to be able to call/test the function GetPostById. I can find the function with mock.object.getpostbyid but the "object" is null. Any help would be appreciated :) iPostRepository: public interface IPostRepository { IQueryable<Post> Posts {get;} void SavePost(Post post); Post getPostByID(int id); }

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  • Reused UIWebView showing previous loaded content for a brief second on iPhone

    - by Roi
    In one of my apps I reuse a webview. Each time the user enters a certain view on reload cached data to the webview using the method - (void)loadData:(NSData *)data MIMEType:(NSString *)MIMEType textEncodingName:(NSString *)encodingName baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL and I wait for the callback call - (void) webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView. In the mean time I hide the webview and show a 'loading' label. Only when I receive webViewDidFinishLoad do I show the webview. Many times what happens is I see the previous data that was loaded to the webview for a brief second before the new data I loaded kicks in. I already added a delay of 0.2 seconds before showing the webview but it didn't help. Instead of solving this by adding more time to the delay does anyone know how to solve this issue or maybe clear old data from a webview without release and allocating it every time?

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  • How to Access a Private Variable?

    - by SoulBeaver
    This question isn't meant to sound as blatantly insulting as it probably is right now. This is a homework assignment, and the spec sheet is scarce and poorly designed to say the least. We have a function: double refuel( int liter, GasStation *gs ) { // TODO: Access private variable MaxFuel of gs and decrement. } Sound simple enough? It should be, but the class GasStation comes with no function that accesses the private variable MaxFuel. So how can I access it anyway using the function refuel? I'm not considering creating a function setFuel( int liter ) because the teacher always complains rather energetically if I change his specification. So... I guess I have to do some sort of hack around it, but I'm not sure how to go about this without explicitely changing the only function in GasStation and giving it a parameter so that I can call it here. Any hints perhaps?

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  • Get all window handles for a process

    - by Jeremy
    Using Microsoft Spy++, I can see that the following windows that belong to a process: Process XYZ window handles, displayed in tree form just like Spy++ gives me: A B C D E F G H I J K I can get the process, and the MainWindowHandle property points to the handle for window F. If I enumerate the child windows using I can get a list of window handles for G through K, but I can't figure out how to find the window handles for A through D. How can I enumerate windows that are not children of the handle specified by MainWindowHandle of the Process object? To enumerate I'm using the win32 call: [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport(strUSER32DLL)] public static extern int EnumChildWindows(IntPtr hWnd, WindowCallBack pEnumWindowCallback, int iLParam);

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  • Techniques to avoid DeadlineExceededException in GAE/J?

    - by Tahir Akram
    I am developing an Twitter4J web application in Google App Engine/Java. I need to show two lists. One is Twitter friends and other is followers. With photo and screen name. It is working fine for people who have 20-30 followers and friends. But it gave me DeadlineExceededException when I try a user who has 150+ followers and friends. GAE throws this exception if web request take time more than 30 seconds. So what techniques I can adopt to avoid this exception. Should I generate two AJAX calls for each of my list. After page loads. So that every call will have its own 30 secs limit? Or what else you think? I am gone make it. Please help.

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  • How do I create an OpenCV image from a PIL image?

    - by scrible
    I want to do some image processing with OpenCV (in Python), but I have to start with a PIL Image object, so I can't use the cvLoadImage() call, since that takes a filename. This recipe (adapted from http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/PythonInterface) does not work because cvSetData complains argument 2 of type 'void *' . Any ideas? from opencv.cv import * from PIL import Image pi = Image.open('foo.png') # PIL image ci = cvCreateImage(pi.size, IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1) # OpenCV image data = pi.tostring() cvSetData(ci, data, len(data)) I think the last argument to the cvSetData is wrong too, but I am not sure what it should be.

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  • Serializing response from JSP and converting them to C# objects

    - by SARAVAN
    I have a silverlight web application. From this app I am making a call to .jsp pages using WebClient class. Now jsp returns a response in the following format { "results":[{"Value":"1","Name":"Advertising"}, {"Value":"2","Name":"Automotive Expenses"},{"Value":"3","Name":"Business Miscellaneous"}] } The above response is assigned to my Stream object. I have a c# class CategoryType public class CategoryType { public string Value{get;set;} public string Name{get;set;} } My aim is to convert the reponses in to Collection<CategoryType> and use it in my C# Code As of now I am trying to use DataContractJSONSerialiser. But not sure if there is an easy and efficent way to do this. Any help would be appreciated

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  • ruby send vs __send__

    - by jaydel
    I understand the concept of some_instance.send but I'm trying to figure out why you can call this both ways? The Ruby Koans imply that there is some reason beyond providing lots of different ways to do the same thing and I'm wrestling with figuring this out. Here are the two examples of usage more concretely class Foo def bar? true end end foo = Foo.new foo.send(:bar?) foo.send(:bar?) Anyone have any idea about this? thanks in advance!

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  • Why does calling IEnumerable<string>.Count() create an additional assembly dependency ?

    - by Gishu
    Assume this chain of dll references Tests.dll >> Automation.dll >> White.Core.dll with the following line of code in Tests.dll, where everything builds result.MissingPaths Now when I change this to result.MissingPaths.Count() I get the following build error for Tests.dll "White.UIItem is not defined in an assembly that is not referenced. You must add a reference to White.Core.dll." And I don't want to do that because it breaks my layering. Here is the type definition for result, which is in Automation.dll public class HasResult { public HasResult(IEnumerable<string> missingPaths ) { MissingPaths = missingPaths; } public IEnumerable<string> MissingPaths { get; set; } public bool AllExist { get { return !MissingPaths.Any(); } } } Down the call chain the input param to this ctor is created via (The TreeNode class is in White.Core.dll) assetPaths.Where(assetPath => !FindTreeNodeUsingCache(treeHandle, assetPath)); Why does this dependency leak when calling Count() on IEnumerable ? I then suspected that lazy evaluation was causing this (for some reason) - so I slotted in an ToArray() in the above line but didn't work. Update 2011 01 07: Curiouser and Curiouser! it won't build until I add a White.Core reference. So I add a reference and build it (in order to find the elusive dependency source). Open it up in Reflector and the only references listed are Automation, mscorlib, System.core and NUnit. So the compiler threw away the White reference as it was not needed. ILDASM also confirms that there is no White AssemblyRef entry. Any ideas on how to get to the bottom of this thing (primarily for 'now I wanna know why' reasons)? What are the chances that this is an VS2010/MSBuild bug? Update 2011 01 07 #2 As per Shimmy's suggestion, tried calling the method explcitly as an extension method Enumerable.Count(result.MissingPaths) and it stops cribbing (not sure why). However I moved some code around after that and now I'm getting the same issue at a different location using IEnumerable - this time reading and filtering lines out of a file on disk (totally unrelated to White). Seems like it's a 'symptom-fix'. var lines = File.ReadLines(aFilePath).ToArray(); once again, if I remove the ToArray() it compiles again - it seems that any method that causes the enumerable to be evaluated (ToArray, Count, ToList, etc.) causes this. Let me try and get a working tiny-app to demo this issue... Update 2011 01 07 #3 Phew! More information.. It turns out the problem is just in one source file - this file is LINQ-phobic. Any call to an Enumerable extension method has to be explicitly called out. The refactorings that I did caused a new method to be moved into this source file, which had some LINQ :) Still no clue as to why this class dislikes LINQ. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using G.S.OurAutomation.Constants; using G.S.OurAutomation.Framework; using NUnit.Framework; namespace G.S.AcceptanceTests { public abstract class ConfigureThingBase : OurTestFixture { .... private static IEnumerable<string> GetExpectedThingsFor(string param) { // even this won't compile - although it compiles fine in an adjoining source file in the same assembly //IEnumerable<string> s = new string[0]; //Console.WriteLine(s.Count()); // this is the line that is now causing a build failure // var expectedInfo = File.ReadLines(someCsvFilePath)) // .Where(line => !line.StartsWith("REM", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)) // .Select(line => line.Replace("%PLACEHOLDER%", param)) // .ToArray(); // Unrolling the LINQ above removes the build error var expectedInfo = Enumerable.ToArray( Enumerable.Select( Enumerable.Where( File.ReadLines(someCsvFilePath)), line => !line.StartsWith("REM", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)), line => line.Replace("%PLACEHOLDER%", param)));

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  • Abort a slow flush to disk after write?

    - by Therealstubot
    Is there a way to abort a python write operation in such a way that the OS doesn't feel it's necessary to flush the unwritten data to the disc? I'm writing data to a USB device, typically many megabytes. I'm using 4096 bytes as my block size on the write, but it appears that Linux caches up a bunch of data early on, and write it out to the USB device slowly. If at some point during the write, my user decides to cancel, I want the app to just stop writing immediately. I can see that there's a delay between when the data stops flowing from the application, and the USB activity light stops blinking. Several seconds, up to about 10 seconds typically. I find that the app is holding in the close() method, I'm assuming, waiting for the OS to finish writing the buffered data. I call flush() after every write, but that doesn't appear to have any impact on the delay. I've scoured the python docs for an answer but have found nothing.

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  • Is this a well known design pattern? what is it's name

    - by GenEric35
    Hi I have seen this often in code, but when I speak of it i don't know the name of such 'pattern' I have a method with 2 arguments that calls an overloaded method that has 3 arguments and intentionality sets the 3rd one to empty string. public DoWork(string name, string phoneNumber) { CreateContact(name, phoneNumber, string.Empty) } public DoWork(string name, string phoneNumber, string emailAddress) { //do the work } The reason I'm doing this is I to not duplicate code, and allow the existing callers to still call the method that has only 2 parameters. I have associate a few tags to this question, but it probably fit in more categories of questions. Is this a pattern, and does it have a name?

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  • Allow native DLL to output stdout / stderr in c# console application

    - by xaw
    I have a native DLL which outputs via stdout / stderr. I have a C# console application which calls this DLL and outputs binary data to a parent C# application which started the C# console exe, processing stdout / stderr. Currently when I call the C# exe it works just fine (the DLL hooks up to the stdout of my console application and puts its data in just fine). Is this by design (and shouldn't be broken in future .NET framework versions)? Are there limitations on my managed code's deployment with this strategy (full-trust, permission requirements, GAC issues, etc)? I can't seem to find any documentation about stdout with a managed exe and an unmanaged dll both putting data in that standard output on MSDN. Thanks,

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  • Ret Failure with SDL using FASM on Win32

    - by Jon Purdy
    I'm using SDL with FASM, and have code that's minimally like the following: format ELF extrn _SDL_Init extrn _SDL_SetVideoMode extrn _SDL_Quit extrn _exit SDL_INIT_VIDEO equ 0x00000020 section '.text' public _SDL_main _SDL_main: ccall _SDL_Init, SDL_INIT_VIDEO ccall _SDL_SetVideoMode, 640, 480, 32, 0 ccall _SDL_Quit ccall _exit, 0 ; Success, or ret ; failure. With the following quick-and-dirty makefile: SOURCES = main.asm OBJECTS = main.o TARGET = SDLASM.exe FASM = C:\fasm\fasm.exe release : $(OBJECTS) ld $(OBJECTS) -LC:/SDL/lib/ -lSDLmain -lSDL -LC:/MinGW/lib/ -lmingw32 -lcrtdll -o $(TARGET) --subsystem windows cleanrelease : del $(OBJECTS) %.o : %.asm $(FASM) $< $@ Using exit() (or Windows' ExitProcess()) seems to be the only way to get this program to exit cleanly, even though I feel like I should be able to use retn/retf. When I just ret without calling exit(), the application does not terminate and needs to be killed. Could anyone shed some light on this? It only happens when I make the call to SDL_SetVideoMode().

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