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• Clusterware 11gR2 &ndash; Setting up an Active/Passive failover configuration

  - by Gilles Haro

  Oracle is providing a large range of interesting solutions to ensure High Availability of the database. Dataguard, RAC or even both configurations (as recommended by Oracle for a Maximum Available Architecture - MAA) are the most frequently found and used solutions. But, when it comes to protecting a system with an Active/Passive architecture with failover capabilities, people often thinks to other expensive third party cluster systems. Oracle Clusterware technology, which comes along at no extra-cost with Oracle Database or Oracle Unbreakable Linux, is - in the knowing of most people - often linked to Oracle RAC and therefore, is seldom used to implement failover solutions. Oracle Clusterware 11gR2  (a part of Oracle 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure)  provides a comprehensive framework to setup automatic failover configurations. It is actually possible to make "failover-able'", and then to protect, almost any kind of application (from the simple xclock to the most complex Application Server). Quoting Oracle: “Oracle Clusterware is a portable cluster software that allows clustering of single servers so that they cooperate as a single system. Oracle Clusterware also provides the required infrastructure for Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC). In addition Oracle Clusterware enables the protection of any Oracle application or any other kind of application within a cluster.” In the next couple of lines, I will try to present the different steps to achieve this goal : Have a fully operational 11gR2 database protected by automatic failover capabilities. I assume you are fluent in installing Oracle Database 11gR2, Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11gR2 on a Linux system and that ASM is not a problem for you (as I am using it as a shared storage). If not, please have a look at Oracle Documentation. As often, I made my tests using an Oracle VirtualBox environment. The scripts are tested and functional on my system. Unfortunately, there can always be a typo or a mistake. This blog entry does not replace a course around the Clusterware Framework. I just hope it will let you see how powerful it is and that it will give you the whilst to go further with it...  Note : This entry has been revised (rev.2) following comments from Philip Newlan. Prerequisite 2 Linux boxes (OELCluster01 and OELCluster02) at the same OS level. I used OEL 5 Update 5 with an Enterprise Kernel. Shared Storage (SAN). On my VirtualBox system, I used Openfiler to simulate the SAN Oracle 11gR2 Database (11.2.0.1) Oracle 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure (11.2.0.1)   Step 1 - Install the software Using asmlib, create 3 ASM disks (ASM_CRS, ASM_DTA and ASM_FRA) Install Grid Infrastructure for a cluster (OELCluster01 and OELCluster02 are the 2 nodes of the cluster) Use ASM_CRS to store Voting Disk and OCR. Use SCAN. Install Oracle Database Standalone binaries on both nodes. Use asmca to check/mount the disk groups on 2 nodes Use dbca to create and configure a database on the primary node Let's name it DB11G. Copy the pfile, password file to the second node. Create adump directoty on the second node.   Step 2 - Setup the resource to be protected After its creation with dbca, the database is automatically protected by the Oracle Restart technology available with Grid Infrastructure. Consequently, it restarts automatically (if possible) after a crash (ex: kill -9 smon). A database resource has been created for that in the Cluster Registry. We can observe this with the command : crsctl status resource that shows and ora.dba11g.db entry. Let's save the definition of this resource, for future use : mkdir -p /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts chown oracle:oinstall /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts crsctl status resource ora.db11g.db -p > /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts/myResource.txt Although very interesting, Oracle Restart is not cluster aware and cannot restart the database on any other node of the cluster. So, let's remove it from the OCR definitions, we don't need it ! srvctl stop database -d DB11G srvctl remove database -d DB11G Instead of it, we need to create a new resource of a more general type : cluster_resource. Here are the steps to achieve this : Create an action script :  /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts/my_ActivePassive_Cluster.sh #!/bin/bash export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=DB11G case $1 in 'start')   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus /nolog <<EOF   connect / as sysdba   startup EOF   RET=0   ;; 'stop')   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus /nolog <<EOF   connect / as sysdba   shutdown immediate EOF   RET=0   ;; 'clean')   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus /nolog <<EOF   connect / as sysdba   shutdown abort    ##for i in `ps -ef | grep -i $ORACLE_SID | awk '{print $2}' ` ;do kill -9 $i; done EOF   RET=0   ;; 'check')    ok=`ps -ef | grep smon | grep $ORACLE_SID | wc -l`    if [ $ok = 0 ]; then      RET=1    else      RET=0    fi    ;; '*')      RET=0   ;; esac if [ $RET -eq 0 ]; then    exit 0 else    exit 1 fi   This script must provide, at least, methods to start, stop, clean and check the database. It is self-explaining and contains nothing special. Just be aware that it must be runnable (+x), it runs as Oracle user (because of the ACL property - see later) and needs to know about the environment. Also make sure it exists on every node of the cluster. Moreover, as of 11.2, the clean method is mandatory. It must provide the “last gasp clean up”, for example, a shutdown abort or a kill –9 of all the remaining processes. chmod +x /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts/my_ActivePassive_Cluster.sh scp  /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts/my_ActivePassive_Cluster.sh   oracle@OELCluster02:/crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts Create a new resource file, based on the information we got from previous  myResource.txt . Name it myNewResource.txt. myResource.txt  is shown below. As we can see, it defines an ora.database.type resource, named ora.db11g.db. A lot of properties are related to this type of resource and do not need to be used for a cluster_resource. NAME=ora.db11g.db TYPE=ora.database.type ACL=owner:oracle:rwx,pgrp:oinstall:rwx,other::r-- ACTION_FAILURE_TEMPLATE= ACTION_SCRIPT= ACTIVE_PLACEMENT=1 AGENT_FILENAME=%CRS_HOME%/bin/oraagent%CRS_EXE_SUFFIX% AUTO_START=restore CARDINALITY=1 CHECK_INTERVAL=1 CHECK_TIMEOUT=600 CLUSTER_DATABASE=false DB_UNIQUE_NAME=DB11G DEFAULT_TEMPLATE=PROPERTY(RESOURCE_CLASS=database) PROPERTY(DB_UNIQUE_NAME= CONCAT(PARSE(%NAME%, ., 2), %USR_ORA_DOMAIN%, .)) ELEMENT(INSTANCE_NAME= %GEN_USR_ORA_INST_NAME%) DEGREE=1 DESCRIPTION=Oracle Database resource ENABLED=1 FAILOVER_DELAY=0 FAILURE_INTERVAL=60 FAILURE_THRESHOLD=1 GEN_AUDIT_FILE_DEST=/oracle/admin/DB11G/adump GEN_USR_ORA_INST_NAME= GEN_USR_ORA_INST_NAME@SERVERNAME(oelcluster01)=DB11G HOSTING_MEMBERS= INSTANCE_FAILOVER=0 LOAD=1 LOGGING_LEVEL=1 MANAGEMENT_POLICY=AUTOMATIC NLS_LANG= NOT_RESTARTING_TEMPLATE= OFFLINE_CHECK_INTERVAL=0 ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 PLACEMENT=restricted PROFILE_CHANGE_TEMPLATE= RESTART_ATTEMPTS=2 ROLE=PRIMARY SCRIPT_TIMEOUT=60 SERVER_POOLS=ora.DB11G SPFILE=+DTA/DB11G/spfileDB11G.ora START_DEPENDENCIES=hard(ora.DTA.dg,ora.FRA.dg) weak(type:ora.listener.type,uniform:ora.ons,uniform:ora.eons) pullup(ora.DTA.dg,ora.FRA.dg) START_TIMEOUT=600 STATE_CHANGE_TEMPLATE= STOP_DEPENDENCIES=hard(intermediate:ora.asm,shutdown:ora.DTA.dg,shutdown:ora.FRA.dg) STOP_TIMEOUT=600 UPTIME_THRESHOLD=1h USR_ORA_DB_NAME=DB11G USR_ORA_DOMAIN=haroland USR_ORA_ENV= USR_ORA_FLAGS= USR_ORA_INST_NAME=DB11G USR_ORA_OPEN_MODE=open USR_ORA_OPI=false USR_ORA_STOP_MODE=immediate VERSION=11.2.0.1.0 I removed database type related entries from myResource.txt and modified some other to produce the following myNewResource.txt. Notice the NAME property that should not have the ora. prefix Notice the TYPE property that is not ora.database.type but cluster_resource. Notice the definition of ACTION_SCRIPT. Notice the HOSTING_MEMBERS that enumerates the members of the cluster (as returned by the olsnodes command). NAME=DB11G.db TYPE=cluster_resource DESCRIPTION=Oracle Database resource ACL=owner:oracle:rwx,pgrp:oinstall:rwx,other::r-- ACTION_SCRIPT=/crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts/my_ActivePassive_Cluster.sh PLACEMENT=restricted ACTIVE_PLACEMENT=0 AUTO_START=restore CARDINALITY=1 CHECK_INTERVAL=10 DEGREE=1 ENABLED=1 HOSTING_MEMBERS=oelcluster01 oelcluster02 LOGGING_LEVEL=1 RESTART_ATTEMPTS=1 START_DEPENDENCIES=hard(ora.DTA.dg,ora.FRA.dg) weak(type:ora.listener.type,uniform:ora.ons,uniform:ora.eons) pullup(ora.DTA.dg,ora.FRA.dg) START_TIMEOUT=600 STOP_DEPENDENCIES=hard(intermediate:ora.asm,shutdown:ora.DTA.dg,shutdown:ora.FRA.dg) STOP_TIMEOUT=600 UPTIME_THRESHOLD=1h Register the resource. Take care of the resource type. It needs to be a cluster_resource and not a ora.database.type resource (Oracle recommendation) .   crsctl add resource DB11G.db  -type cluster_resource -file /crs/11.2.0/HA_scripts/myNewResource.txt Step 3 - Start the resource crsctl start resource DB11G.db This command launches the ACTION_SCRIPT with a start and a check parameter on the primary node of the cluster. Step 4 - Test this We will test the setup using 2 methods. crsctl relocate resource DB11G.db This command calls the ACTION_SCRIPT  (on the two nodes)  to stop the database on the active node and start it on the other node. Once done, we can revert back to the original node, but, this time we can use a more "MS$ like" method :Turn off the server on which the database is running. After short delay, you should observe that the database is relocated on node 1. Conclusion Once the software installed and the standalone database created (which is a rather common and usual task), the steps to reach the objective are quite easy : Create an executable action script on every node of the cluster. Create a resource file. Create/Register the resource with OCR using the resource file. Start the resource. This solution is a very interesting alternative to licensable third party solutions. References Clusterware 11gR2 documentation Oracle Clusterware Resource Reference Clusterware for Unbreakable Linux Using Oracle Clusterware to Protect A Single Instance Oracle Database 11gR1 (to have an idea of complexity) Oracle Clusterware on OTN   Gilles Haro Technical Expert - Core Technology, Oracle Consulting   

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• Impossible installing Ubuntu 13.04 in UEFI mode with Windows 8 preinstalled

  - by Lautaro Vergara

  I know this is a dejavu but let me please explain my problem. When booting 13.04 installation media EFI mode get to a black screen with Grub version 2.00-l3ubuntu3 version appears after selecting "install" or "try Ubuntu", there appear error messages: - failure reading sector ... from 'cd0' - you need to load the kernel first I have a Dell Vostro 3560 with Windows 8. I have downloaded and burned ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso. Hashes checked. I've booted from the dvd with Secure Boot enabled. The same happens when Secure Boot is disable. When booting with Legacy BIOS, installation starts. I tried Ubuntu without installing and looks OK. BUT, I did not follow the installation because in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI#Converting_Ubuntu_into_EFI_mode there appears "if the other systems (Windows Vista/7/8, GNU/Linux...) of your computer are installed in EFI mode, then you must install Ubuntu in EFI mode too.", which is the case in my computer. I have read many similar questions and the corresponding answers from people in this forum, but till now I haven't found a solution. Could someone help me on this subject? Thanks in advance!

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• Fixed JavaScript Warning - Pin to Top of Page Using CSS Position [migrated]

  - by nicorellius

  I am new to this site, but it seems like the right place to ask this question. I am working on a noscript chunk of code whereby I do some stuff that includes a <p> at the top of the page that alerts the users that he/she has JavaScript disabled. The end result should look like the Stack Exchange sites when JavaScript is disabled (here is a screenshot of mine - SE looks similar except it is at the very top of the page): I have it working OK, but I would love it if the red bar stayed fixed along the top, upon scrolling. I tried using the position: fixed; method, but it ends up moving the p element and I can't get it to look exactly the same as it does without the position: fixed; modification. I tried fiddling with CSS top and left and other positioning but it doesn't ever look like I want it to. Here is a CSS snippett: <noscript> <style type="text/css"> p. noscript_warning { position: fixed; } </noscript>

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• How to Handle frame rates and synchronizing screen repaints

  - by David Kroukamp

  I would first off say sorry if the title is worded incorrectly. Okay now let me give the scenario I'm creating a 2 player fighting game, An average battle will include a Map (moving/still) and 2 characters (which are rendered by redrawing a varying amount of sprites one after the other). Now at the moment I have a single game loop limiting me to a set number of frames per second (using Java): Timer timer = new Timer(0, new AbstractAction() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { long beginTime; //The time when the cycle begun long timeDiff; //The time it took for the cycle to execute int sleepTime; //ms to sleep (< 0 if we're behind) int fps = 1000 / 40; beginTime = System.nanoTime() / 1000000; //execute loop to update check collisions and draw gameLoop(); //Calculate how long did the cycle take timeDiff = System.nanoTime() / 1000000 - beginTime; //Calculate sleep time sleepTime = fps - (int) (timeDiff); if (sleepTime > 0) {//If sleepTime > 0 we're OK ((Timer)e.getSource()).setDelay(sleepTime); } } }); timer.start(); in gameLoop() characters are drawn to the screen ( a character holds an array of images which consists of their current sprites) every gameLoop() call will change the characters current sprite to the next and loop if the end is reached. But as you can imagine if a sprite is only 3 images in length than calling gameLoop() 40 times will cause the characters movement to be drawn 40/3=13 times. This causes a few minor anomilies in the sprited for some charcters So my question is how would I go about delivering a set amount of frames per second in when I have 2 characters on screen with varying amount of sprites?

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• White box testing with Google Test

  - by Daemin

  I've been trying out using GoogleTest for my C++ hobby project, and I need to test the internals of a component (hence white box testing). At my previous work we just made the test classes friends of the class being tested. But with Google Test that doesn't work as each test is given its own unique class, derived from the fixture class if specified, and friend-ness doesn't transfer to derived classes. Initially I created a test proxy class that is friends with the tested class. It contains a pointer to an instance of the tested class and provides methods for the required, but hidden, members. This worked for a simple class, but now I'm up to testing a tree class with an internal private node class, of which I need to access and mess with. I'm just wondering if anyone using the GoogleTest library has done any white box testing and if they have any hints or helpful constructs that would make this easier. Ok, I've found the FRIEND_TEST macro defined in the documentation, as well as some hints on how to test private code in the advanced guide. But apart from having a huge amount of friend declerations (i.e. one FRIEND_TEST for each test), is there an easier idion to use, or should I abandon using GoogleTest and move to a different test framework?

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• How do I create a 2.5d parallax effect?

  - by Nikolay Dyankov

  I have a decent background in 3D graphics and programming, but I'm new to game development. I'm currently exploring different possibilities and I really want to make an RPG game. I was thinking about classic 2D isometric view, but I really love how Diablo 2 looks and feels to play. My question is - how can I achieve Diablo 2's parallax effect? Everything looks hand drawn with baked lights and shadows and looks awesome, but when you move around you notice some perspective. For example, let's say that I drew a big hall with columns in Photoshop with an orthographic perspective (classic pixel art style, just parallel lines). How would I give parallax effect to this scene when the character moves around? If I use camera-facing sprites for everything it would probably look OK in the distance, but it would be really fake when a character comes close to a column (cylinder) for example. Any suggestions? How did Blizzard make the parallax effect in Diablo 2? See this screenshot: http://guidesmedia.ign.com/guides/10629/images/act2tombs.jpg

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• High-Level Application Architecture Question

  - by Jesse Bunch

  So I'm really wanting to improve how I architect the software I code. I want to focus on maintainability and clean code. As you might guess, I've been reading a lot of resources on this topic and all it's doing is making it harder for me to settle on an architecture because I can never tell if my design is the one that the more experienced programmer would've chosen. So I have these requirements: I should connect to one vendor and download form submissions from their API. We'll call them the CompanyA. I should then map those submissions to a schema fit for submitting to another vendor for integration with the email service provider. We'll call them the CompanyB. I should then submit those responses to the ESP (CompanyB) and then instruct the ESP to send that submitter an email. So basically, I'm copying data from one web service to another and then performing an action at the latter web service. I've identified a couple high-level services: The service that downloads data from CompanyA. I called this the CompanyAIntegrator. The service that submits the data to CompanyB. I called this CompanyBIntegrator. So my questions are these: Is this a good design? I've tried to separate the concerns and am planning to use the facade pattern to make the integrators interchangeable if the vendors change in the future. Are my naming conventions accurate and meaningful to you (who knows nothing specific of the project)? Now that I have these services, where should I do the work of taking output from the CompanyAIntegrator and getting it in the format for input to the CompanyBIntegrator? Is this OK to be done in main()? Do you have any general pointers on how you'd code something like this? I imagine this scenario is common to us engineers---especially those working in agencies. Thanks for any help you can give. Learning how to architect well is really mind-cluttering.

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• Boost your infrastructure with Coherence into the Cloud

  - by Nino Guarnacci

  Authors: Nino Guarnacci & Francesco Scarano,  at this URL could be found the original article:  http://blogs.oracle.com/slc/coherence_into_the_cloud_boost. Thinking about the enterprise cloud, come to mind many possible configurations and new opportunities in enterprise environments. Various customers needs that serve as guides to this new trend are often very different, but almost always united by two main objectives: Elasticity of infrastructure both Hardware and Software Investments related to the progressive needs of the current infrastructure Characteristics of innovation and economy. A concrete use case that I worked on recently demanded the fulfillment of two basic requirements of economy and innovation.The client had the need to manage a variety of data cache, which can process complex queries and parallel computational operations, maintaining the caches in a consistent state on different server instances, on which the application was installed.In addition, the customer was looking for a solution that would allow him to manage the likely situations in load peak during certain times of the year.For this reason, the customer requires a replication site, on which convey part of the requests during periods of peak; the desire was, however, to prevent the immobilization of investments in owned hardware-software architectures; so, to respond to this need, it was requested to seek a solution based on Cloud technologies and architectures already offered by the market. Coherence can already now address the requirements of large cache between different nodes in the cluster, providing further technology to search and parallel computing, with the simultaneous use of all hardware infrastructure resources. Moreover, thanks to the functionality of "Push Replication", which can replicate and update the information contained in the cache, even to a site hosted in the cloud, it is satisfied the need to make resilient infrastructure that can be based also on nodes temporarily housed in the Cloud architectures. There are different types of configurations that can be realized using the functionality "Push-Replication" of Coherence. Configurations can be either: Active - Passive  Hub and Spoke Active - Active Multi Master Centralized Replication Whereas the architecture of this particular project consists of two sites (Site 1 and Site Cloud), between which only Site 1 is enabled to write into the cache, it was decided to adopt an Active-Passive Configuration type (Hub and Spoke). If, however, the requirement should change over time, it will be particularly easy to change this configuration in an Active-Active configuration type. Although very simple, the small sample in this post, inspired by the specific project is effective, to better understand the features and capabilities of Coherence and its configurations. Let's create two distinct coherence cluster, located at miles apart, on two different domain contexts, one of them "hosted" at home (on-premise) and the other one hosted by any cloud provider on the network (or just the same laptop to test it :)). These two clusters, which we call Site 1 and Site Cloud, will contain the necessary information, so a simple client can insert data only into the Site 1. On both sites will be subscribed a listener, who listens to the variations of specific objects within the various caches. To implement these features, you need 4 simple classes: CachedResponse.java Represents the POJO class that will be inserted into the cache, and fulfills the task of containing useful information about the hypothetical links navigation ResponseSimulatorHelper.java Represents a link simulator, which has the task of randomly creating objects of type CachedResponse that will be added into the caches CacheCommands.java Represents the model of our example, because it is responsible for receiving instructions from the controller and performing basic operations against the cache, such as insert, delete, update, listening, objects within the cache Shell.java It is our controller, which give commands to be executed within the cache of the two Sites So, summarily, we execute the java class "Shell", asking it to put into the cache 100 objects of type "CachedResponse" through the java class "CacheCommands", then the simulator "ResponseSimulatorHelper" will randomly create new instances of objects "CachedResponse ". Finally, the Shell class will listen to for events occurring within the cache on the Site Cloud, while insertions and deletions are performed on Site 1. Now, we realize the two configurations of two respective sites / cluster: Site 1 and Site Cloud.For the Site 1 we define a cache of type "distributed" with features of "read and write", using the cache class store for the "push replication", a functionality offered by the project "incubator" of Oracle Coherence.For the "Site Cloud" we expect even the definition of “distributed” cache type with tcp proxy feature enabled, so it can receive updates from Site 1.  Coherence Cache Config XML file for "storage node" on "Site 1" site1-prod-cache-config.xml Coherence Cache Config XML file for "storage node" on "Site Cloud" site2-prod-cache-config.xml For two clients "Shell" which will connect respectively to the two clusters we have provided two easy access configurations.  Coherence Cache Config XML file for Shell on "Site 1" site1-shell-prod-cache-config.xml Coherence Cache Config XML file for Shell on "Site Cloud" site2-shell-prod-cache-config.xml Now, we just have to get everything and run our tests. To start at least one "storage" node (which holds the data) for the "Cloud Site", we can run the standard class  provided OOTB by Oracle Coherence com.tangosol.net.DefaultCacheServer with the following parameters and values:-Xmx128m-Xms64m-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dtangosol.coherence.management=all -Dtangosol.coherence.management.remote=true -Dtangosol.coherence.distributed.localstorage=true -Dtangosol.coherence.cacheconfig=config/site2-prod-cache-config.xml-Dtangosol.coherence.clusterport=9002-Dtangosol.coherence.site=SiteCloud To start at least one "storage" node (which holds the data) for the "Site 1", we can perform again the standard class provided by Coherence  com.tangosol.net.DefaultCacheServer with the following parameters and values:-Xmx128m-Xms64m-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dtangosol.coherence.management=all -Dtangosol.coherence.management.remote=true -Dtangosol.coherence.distributed.localstorage=true -Dtangosol.coherence.cacheconfig=config/site1-prod-cache-config.xml-Dtangosol.coherence.clusterport=9001-Dtangosol.coherence.site=Site1 Then, we start the first client "Shell" for the "Cloud Site", launching the java class it.javac.Shell  using these parameters and values: -Xmx64m-Xms64m-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dtangosol.coherence.management=all -Dtangosol.coherence.management.remote=true -Dtangosol.coherence.distributed.localstorage=false -Dtangosol.coherence.cacheconfig=config/site2-shell-prod-cache-config.xml-Dtangosol.coherence.clusterport=9002-Dtangosol.coherence.site=SiteCloud Finally, we start the second client "Shell" for the "Site 1", re-launching a new instance of class  it.javac.Shell  using  the following parameters and values: -Xmx64m-Xms64m-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dtangosol.coherence.management=all -Dtangosol.coherence.management.remote=true -Dtangosol.coherence.distributed.localstorage=false -Dtangosol.coherence.cacheconfig=config/site1-shell-prod-cache-config.xml-Dtangosol.coherence.clusterport=9001-Dtangosol.coherence.site=Site1  And now, let’s execute some tests to validate and better understand our configuration. TEST 1The purpose of this test is to load the objects into the "Site 1" cache and seeing how many objects are cached on the "Site Cloud". Within the "Shell" launched with parameters to access the "Site 1", let’s write and run the command: load test/100 Within the "Shell" launched with parameters to access the "Site Cloud" let’s write and run the command: size passive-cache Expected result If all is OK, the first "Shell" has uploaded 100 objects into a cache named "test"; consequently the "push-replication" functionality has updated the "Site Cloud" by sending the 100 objects to the second cluster where they will have been posted into a respective cache, which we named "passive-cache". TEST 2The purpose of this test is to listen to deleting and adding events happening on the "Site 1" and that are replicated within the cache on "Cloud Site". In the "Shell" launched with parameters to access the "Site Cloud" let’s write and run the command: listen passive-cache/name like '%' or a "cohql" query, with your preferred parameters In the "Shell" launched with parameters to access the "Site 1" let’s write and run the following commands: load test/10 load test2/20 delete test/50 Expected result If all is OK, the "Shell" to Site Cloud let us to listen to all the add and delete events within the cache "cache-passive", whose objects satisfy the query condition "name like '%' " (ie, every objects in the cache; you could change the tests and create different queries).Through the Shell to "Site 1" we launched the commands to add and to delete objects on different caches (test and test2). With the "Shell" running on "Site Cloud" we got the evidence (displayed or printed, or in a log file) that its cache has been filled with events and related objects generated by commands executed from the" Shell "on" Site 1 ", thanks to "push-replication" feature.  Other tests can be performed, such as, for example, the subscription to the events on the "Site 1" too, using different "cohql" queries, changing the cache configuration,  to effectively demonstrate both the potentiality and  the versatility produced by these different configurations, even in the cloud, as in our case. More information on how to configure Coherence "Push Replication" can be found in the Oracle Coherence Incubator project documentation at the following link: http://coherence.oracle.com/display/INC10/Home More information on Oracle Coherence "In Memory Data Grid" can be found at the following link: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/coherence/overview/index.html To download and execute the whole sources and configurations of the example explained in the above post,  click here to download them; After download the last available version of the Push-Replication Pattern library implementation from the Oracle Coherence Incubator site, and download also the related and required version of Oracle Coherence. For simplicity the required .jarS to execute the example (that can be found into the Push-Replication-Pattern  download and Coherence Distribution download) are: activemq-core-5.3.1.jar activemq-protobuf-1.0.jar aopalliance-1.0.jar coherence-commandpattern-2.8.4.32329.jar coherence-common-2.2.0.32329.jar coherence-eventdistributionpattern-1.2.0.32329.jar coherence-functorpattern-1.5.4.32329.jar coherence-messagingpattern-2.8.4.32329.jar coherence-processingpattern-1.4.4.32329.jar coherence-pushreplicationpattern-4.0.4.32329.jar coherence-rest.jar coherence.jar commons-logging-1.1.jar commons-logging-api-1.1.jar commons-net-2.0.jar geronimo-j2ee-management_1.0_spec-1.0.jar geronimo-jms_1.1_spec-1.1.1.jar http.jar jackson-all-1.8.1.jar je.jar jersey-core-1.8.jar jersey-json-1.8.jar jersey-server-1.8.jar jl1.0.jar kahadb-5.3.1.jar miglayout-3.6.3.jar org.osgi.core-4.1.0.jar spring-beans-2.5.6.jar spring-context-2.5.6.jar spring-core-2.5.6.jar spring-osgi-core-1.2.1.jar spring-osgi-io-1.2.1.jar At this URL could be found the original article: http://blogs.oracle.com/slc/coherence_into_the_cloud_boost Authors: Nino Guarnacci & Francesco Scarano

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• Happy Chinese New Year!

  - by Shaun

  Today is Dec the 29th in Chinese Traditional Calendar, that means on Thursday (3rd of Feb) we will have the Chinese New Year! For those who doesn’t know about the Chinese New Year please visit the wikipedia site. This is the most important holiday not only for the Chinese in China, but the Chinese all around the world. Here I would like to say: ????. (Chun Jie Kuai Le, Happy Chinese New Year). OK I have 3 news with my celebration: The new windows azure developer portal had been published for a while and the windows azure team wants to get to know how do we think about it. Here is a survey avaiable you can send your feedback. PS, please refer to my previous blog for the features of this new site. The latest Window Azure Platform Training Kit Jan Update had been released that you can download here. There is a demo and a hands-on lab about the Windows Phone 7 application with Windows Azure avaiable which should be interesting. If you have heard about the new feature for SQL Azure named SQL Azure Federation, you might know that it’s a cool feature and solution about database sharding. But for now there seems no similar solution for normal SQL Server and local database. I had created a library named PODA, which stands for Partition Oriented Data Access which partially implemented the features of SQL Azure Federation. I’m going to explain more about this project after the Chinese New Year but you can download the source code here.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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• Trouble installing Server 12.10 - Dead keyboard, Blank Screen, Network Config

  - by Mikey

  Installing 12.10 server from cd - minimal installation: basic system, ssh server,postgreSQL, manual updates. Hardware is brand new HP server that also runs Win 2003 Server Standard as a DNC excellently - I installed the grub boot manager on the primary partition and it is working fine - can boot to Win or Ubuntu without issue. Everything seemed to go OK on the installation - BUT when I restarted the system after install and booted to Ubuntu, I got the command prompt for Ubuntu, but the keyboard was UNREPSONSIVE - dead. There is nothing wrong with the keyboard - works fine if I boot to Win. With a completely unrepsonsive keyboard I had to hit the power switch - when I restarted and booted to Ubuntu, Ubuntu started but no command prompt came up at all - just black screen. I powered down and rebooted to advanced Ubuntu options - it tried to reinstall/initliaze a long list of packages - when it got to 'waiting for network configuration' it waited, then a message 'waiting 60 seconds for network configuration'... it waited 60 seconds and then I got a 'failed to configure network message' and it continued. Finally it finished, I hit enter and got to a prompt - but again, keyboard UNREPSONSIVE - dead. I went through this several times - tried 'repairing broken installation' option and also reinstalling entirely - always same results. I am flummoxed. The only clue I have is that for the Windows DNC config, the IP address is static - not via DHCP. But I don't think that should impact Ubuntu at all - perhaps I am mistaken. What is wrong?

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• Improving the speed of writing code in C#

  - by Robert Harvey

  Laugh if you want, but I used to develop substantial line-of-business applications in VB6, long before the .NET framework came along. Why, when I was your age, we used to walk two miles in the snow, uphill. Both ways... Love it or hate it, VB6 had a REPL-like feel, and a very rapid development cycle. I would like to know how to come closer to that process in C#. In VB6, I could write a function, execute it, debug it and have it fully functional in a few minutes. I am told this is how the Lisp crowd works. It's a very rapid-fire style of programming. In C# I write a function, then I write a unit test for that function (which is OK, I understand the value of that), then I right-click, run test, wait for the project to compile (takes about 10 seconds right now, which would be an eternity for a REPL loop), and get an exception. Honestly, this feels more like my junior college days, when I used to feed punch cards into a hopper and wait for a printout (exaggerating only slightly for effect). Additionally, my tendency nowadays is to make everything public while I'm testing it. Unit testing with private accessors works fine, but you can't trace through the code (unless, of course, I'm doing something wrong) while you're using them. So what I'd like to know is, what adjustments have you made to your development process in C# to streamline it, and make it possible to write and verify your code very rapidly?

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• links for 2010-06-02

  - by Bob Rhubart

  @eelzinga: Oracle Service Bus 11g communication with Oracle SOA Suite 11g, DirectBindings, part1 Oracle ACE Erikc Elzinga launches a series of post in which he will describe how to develop various  Oracle Service Bus 11g to Oracle SOA Suite  process flows. (tags: oracle otn oracleace soa servicebus) @Atul_Kumar: Integrate UCM (ECM/Content Server) with Microsoft Active Directory as LDAP Provider Atul Kumar's step-by-step instructions. (tags: oracle otn enterprise2.0 ucm ecm ldap) Stefan Hinker: Is my application a good fit for CMT? "The first and most important criterion for suitability is always the service time of your application," says Stefan Hinker.  "If this is sufficient, then the application is OK on CMT. If it is not, and the reason is actually the CPU and not some other high-latency component (like a remote database), you will need to test on other CPU architectures." (tags: oracle sun cpu cmt sparc solaris) @deltalounge: Definitions of Services and Processes Peter Paul shares a collection of useful definitions gathered from the works of many of the big thinkers in the SOA space.  (tags: oracle otn soa businessprocess) OTN TechCast: Oracle Solaris Virtualization - Oracle Solaris Video Joost Pronk, CTO for Oracle Solaris Product Management, provides an overview of the robust virtualization functionality built into the Oracle Solaris OS. (tags: oracle otn solaris virtualization)

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• Unattended grub configuration after kernel upgrade

  - by bouke

  Today I have been working on automatic deployment of an ubuntu server. I got stuck on automatic updating of the server using apt-get upgrade trying to upgrade to a new kernel. The log looks like this: Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-24-generic (3.2.0-24.39) ... Testing for an existing GRUB menu.lst file ... found: /boot/grub/menu.lst (...) Then a question is presented: Package configuration +---------------------------------¦ +---------------------------------+ ¦ A new version of /boot/grub/menu.lst is available, but the version ¦ ¦ installed currently has been locally modified. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ What would you like to do about menu.lst? ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ install the package maintainer's version ¦ ¦ keep the local version currently installed ¦ ¦ show the differences between the versions ¦ ¦ show a side-by-side difference between the versions ¦ ¦ show a 3-way difference between available versions ¦ ¦ do a 3-way merge between available versions (experimental) ¦ ¦ start a new shell to examine the situation ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ <Ok> ¦ ¦ ¦ +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ The desired outcome would be to select the first option and to continue: Replacing config file /run/grub/menu.lst with new version Updating /boot/grub/menu.lst ... done After running the upgrade by hand, I used debconf-get-selections to inspect the correct answer for the question (see other settings). It seems like update_grub_changeprompt_threeway is the question that should be answered. However, setting this using debconf-set-selections presented me with the same question: debconf-set-selections <<< "grub grub/update_grub_changeprompt_threeway select install_new" apt-get -y dist-upgrade How can this question be automated?

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• Moving from windows to linux

  - by rincewind

  I need to reconcile these 2 facts: I don't feel comfortable working on Linux; I need to develop software for Linux. Some background: I have a 10+ years of programming experience on Windows (almost exclusively C/C++, but some .NET as well), I was a user of FreeBSD at home for about 3 years or so (then had to go back to Windows), and I've never had much luck with Linux. And now I have to develop software for Linux. I need a plan. On Windows, you can get away with just knowing a programming language, an API you're coding against, your IDE (VisualStudio) and some very basic tools for troubleshooting (Depends, ProcessExplorer, DebugView, WinDbg). Everything else comes naturally. On Linux, it's a very different story. How the hell would I know what DLL (sorry, Shared Object) would load, if I link to it from Firefox plugin? What's the Linux equivalent of inserting __asm int 3/DebugBreak() in the source and running the program, and then letting the OS call a debugger? Why the hell release builds use something, called appLoader, while debug builds work somehow different? Worst of all: how to provision Linux development environment? So, taking into account that hatred is usually associated with not knowing enough, what would you recommend? I'm ok with Emacs and GCC. I need to educate myself as a Linux admin/user, and I need to learn proper troubleshooting tools (strace is cool, btw), equivalents to the ones I mentioned above. Do I need to do Linux From Scratch? Or do I need to just read some books (I've read "UNIX programming enviornment" by Kernighan and "Advanced Programming..." by Stevens, but I need to learn something more practical)? Or do I need to have some Linux distro on my home computer?

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• Are programmers a bunch of heartless robots who are lacking of empathy? [closed]

  - by Graviton

  OK, the provocative title got your attention. My experience as a programmer and dealing with my fellow programmers is that, a programmer is also usually someone who is so consumed by his programming work, so absorbed in his algorithmic construction that he has little passion/ time left for anything else, which includes empathy for other people, love and care for the people whom he love or should love ( such as their spouses, parents, kids, colleagues etc). The better a person is in terms of his programming powers, the more defective he is in terms of love/care because both honing programming skills and loving the surrounding takes time and one has only so much time to be allocated among so many different things. Also, programming ( especially INTERESTING programming job, like, writing an AI to predict the future search trend) is a highly consuming job; it doesn't just consume you from 9 to 5, it will also consume you after 5 and practically every second of your waking hours because a good programmer can't just magically switch off his thinking hat after the office lights go off ( If you can then I don't really think you are a passionate programmer, and the prerequisite of a good programmer is passion). So, a good programmer is necessarily someone who can't love as much as others do because the very nature of the programming job prevents him from loving others as much as he wants to. Do you concur with my observation/ reasoning?

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• Cannot move/drag/drop windows/items in remote VNC session

  - by hansioux

  I find it a little hard to believe that no one here has asked this question, I tried searching for it but it isn't asked, so here goes: I setup a Ubuntu desktop computer with VNC to use as a server. And use another Ubuntu desktop computer to VNC into it. The rest of the VNC works ok, but drag and drop with mouse is gone. Thus I can not move windows, or drag and drop items via VNC. I am using the default remote desktop in System - Preferences to setup my server. And use Remmina as my client. The same happens using MS Windows's VNC clients connecting to my Ubuntu desktop. I did a bit of searching on google, and there are actually a lot of reports regarding this issue. But, oddly there is no solution. There are even bug reports made for this since Ubuntu 9.10, yet here it still is in Ubuntu 11.04. There have been suggestions that the bugs is in gtk, as see in link below: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1497635&page=2 libgtk2.0-0 stable(lenny) -> DnD works libgtk2.0-0 lenny-backport (libgtk2.0-0_2.18.6-1~bpo50+1_i386) -> DnD still works libgtk2.0-0 testing (libgtk2.0-0_2.20.1-2_i386) -> DnD broken please don't give answers such as "use NX", "use ssh -x" or "use x11vnc". I am aware that some people don't have this problem with x11vnc, and I have setup x11vnc before, but i can't for this setup. I am setting this up so Windows only friends/families can use it.

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• "VLC could not read the file" error when trying to play DVDs

  - by stephenmurdoch

  I can watch most DVD's on my machine using VLC but today, I went to watch Thor, and it won't play. libdvdread4 and libdvdcss2 are at the latest versions. vlc -v returns 1.1.4 w32codecs are installed and reinstalled ubuntu-restricted-extras are same as above My machine recognises the disc and I can open the folder and browse the assorted .vob files, of which there are many. None of them will open in VLC, or in MPlayer etc. When I run vlc -vvv /media/THOR/VIDEO_TS/VTS_03_1.VOB I get: File Reading Failed VLC could not read the file I also see command line output like this: [0x963f47c] main filter debug: removing module "swscale" [0x963a4b4] main generic debug: A filter to adapt decoder to display is needed [0x964be84] main filter debug: looking for video filter2 module: 18 candidates [0x964be84] swscale filter debug: 720x576 chroma: I420 -> 979x551 chroma: RV32 with scaling using Bicubic (good quality) [0x964be84] main filter debug: using video filter2 module "swscale" ..... [0x959f4e4] main video output warning: late picture skipped (-10038 > -15327) [0x963a4b4] main generic debug: auto hidding mouse [0x93ca094] main input warning: clock gap, unexpected stream discontinuity [0x93ca094] main input warning: feeding synchro with a new reference point trying to recover from clock gap [0x959f4e4] main video output warning: early picture skipped ...... ac-tex damaged at 0 12 ac-tex damaged at 6 20 ac-tex damaged at 12 28 This happens with onboard and Known Good USB DVD player I don't have standalone DVD player to try with TV I am going to watch another film instead for now, because I can do that. I just can't watch THOR, and I'm pretty confident that the disc is ok. It is a rental, but it's clean and there are no surface abrasions. I even cleaned it with Christian Dior aftershave to make sure.

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• Executing Components in an Entity Component System

  - by John

  Ok so I am just starting to grasp the whole ECS paradigm right now and I need clarification on a few things. For the record, I am trying to develop a game using C++ and OpenGL and I'm relatively new to game programming. First of all, lets say I have an Entity class which may have several components such as a MeshRenderer,Collider etc. From what I have read, I understand that each "system" carries out a specific task such as calculating physics and rendering and may use more that one component if needed. So for example, I would have a MeshRendererSystem act on all entities with a MeshRenderer component. Looking at Unity, I see that each Gameobject has, by default, got components such as a renderer, camera, collider and rigidbody etc. From what I understand, an entity should start out as an empty "container" and should be filled with components to create a certain type of game object. So what I dont understand is how the "system" works in an entity component system. http://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/GameObject.html So I have a GameObject(The Entity) class like class GameObject { public: GameObject(std::string objectName); ~GameObject(void); Component AddComponent(std::string name); Component AddComponent(Component componentType); }; So if I had a GameObject to model a warship and I wanted to add a MeshRenderer component, I would do the following: warship->AddComponent(new MeshRenderer()); In the MeshRenderers constructor, should I call on the MeshRendererSystem and "subscribe" the warship object to this system? In that case, the MeshRendererSystem should probably be a Singleton("shudder"). From looking at unity's GameObject, if each object potentially has a renderer or any of the components in the default GameObject class, then Unity would iterate over all objects available. To me, this seems kind of unnecessary since some objects might not need to be rendered for example. How, in practice, should these systems be implemented?

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• basic beginning emacs questions - install latest version and pick appropriate UI

  - by MountainX

  I'm running the latest Kubuntu (12.04 beta 2) and I would like to run the latest emacs (currently v24). The repos are one version behind. What's the best way to install v24 or later (and avoid future version conflicts)? Also, is there any reason not to aways use the GUI version of emacs if X is running? For example, could I set the GUI emacs version as the default text editor and use it to edit cron jobs (crontab -e)? I'm assuming the answer is yes, but since I haven't done that yet (my default editor is nano), I want to check if there are reasons I should leave nano as the default editor. Usually when I'm working on the command line I end up using nano. Now that I think about it, I have no idea why I keep doing that. Is there any downside to calling a GUI editor when working in an X terminal? EDIT: I briefly tested these two versions GNU Emacs 24.0.94.1 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 3.3.20) from GNU Emacs 23.3.1 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) installed by default in Kubuntu. This post explains some of the differences between versions. Unfortunately (for me) the defaults installed version (23.3.1, 23.3+1-1ubuntu9) is the nox version. Package: emacs23-nox Status: install ok installed Version: 23.3+1-1ubuntu9 Replaces: emacs23, emacs23-gtk, emacs23-lucid The package with version 24 opens in GUI mode by default. That's what I prefer. Some of the version 24 changes that interest me are listed in the references below. But there appear to be a multitude of different packages and versions I could install. References: What’s New In Emacs 24 (part 1) | Mastering Emacs http://www.masteringemacs.org/articles/2011/12/06/what-is-new-in-emacs-24-part-1/ " shell-mode uses pcomplete rules, with the standard completion UI. Yowzah! There’s a lot of cool, new functionality hidden away in this gem of a change." EmacsWiki: Recent Changes http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/?action=rc;showedit=0

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• Bizarre image loading problem from apache2

  - by NateDSaint

  Users have complained a few times about seeing a bizarre set of pink or green stripes on our webpage. At first I thought there were a rash of video card outages, but then someone sent me a screenshot from their browser (IE8). I later saw the same thing, but with slightly different colors on Chrome. Users have experienced this on their iPads and iPhones (iOS Safari). Because I've optimized the site to cache images, the bad image stays around until you clear your cache, so once you do, it resolves itself. My assumption is that the transmission of the image is being cut off mid-stream and then staying that way, but I can't for the life of me figure out why. Here's what I've checked: Header length is being sent, and transmission looks okay (wget sample below): wget http://www.superiorlivestock.com/templates/sla2/images/wallbg2.jpg --2012-04-05 08:46:00-- http://www.superiorlivestock.com/templates/sla2/images/wallbg2.jpg Resolving www.superiorlivestock.com (www.superiorlivestock.com)... [ip redacted] Connecting to www.superiorlivestock.com (www.superiorlivestock.com)|[ip redacted]|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 45926 (45K) [image/jpeg] Saving to: `wallbg2.jpg' Images are not being served gzipped (apache conf below): SetOutputFilter DEFLATE SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary The site is www.superiorlivestock.com, and here's a sample of the bad page load: Is there something obvious I'm missing? Am I saving my images in the wrong format somehow?

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• What type of career path / jobs for a developer to have best work life balance?

  - by programmx10

  I know some people may look down on a question like this but I've been thinking lately a lot about what direction I can take my career to have a good work life balance, since I have been working for a startup where hours tend to drag on, etc and I find it often drains the life out of me. I have been going to interviews and some other companies are also startups / new companies and seem to have a similar attitude about working long hours. Maybe its the technologies I use, the type of development, I don't know but I'm curious if anyone can offer advice on what a path is to be a programmer / developer but work for a company that respects a regular work week and would only rarely find the need to move past this. I realize this won't lead to being the highest paid in my field but I'm ok with that and feel the tradeoff would be worth it as it would also give me time for my own projects, etc. I know some people may say this is too general but I believe it is a programmer specific question because I believe there tends to be a higher than average rate of working overtime, etc and people working in "startup" venture situations than in many other fields and there is definitely a mindset among a lot of people in the field of working long hours that doesn't exist in every industry.

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• Phishing attack stuck with jsp loginAction.do page?

  - by user970533

  I'm testing a phishing website on a staged replica of an jsp web-application. I'm doing the usual attack which involves changing the post and action field of source code to divert to my own written jsp script capture the logins and redirect the victim to the original website. It looks easy, but trust me, it's has been me more then 2 weeks and I cannot write the logins to the text file. I have tested the jsp page on my local wamp server it works fine. In staged, when I click on the ok button for user/password field I'm taken to loginAction.do script. I checked this using the tamper data add-on on Firefox. The only way I was able to make my script run was to use burp proxy intercept the request and change action parameter to refer my uploaded script. I want to know what does an loginAction.do? I have googled it - it's quite common to see it in jsp application. I have checked the code; there is nothing that tells me why the page always points to the .do script instead of mine. Is there some kind of redirection in Tomcat? I like to know. I'm unable to exploit this attack vector? I need the community's help.

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• Google Analytics checkout page tracking problem

  - by Amir E. Habib

  I am running a multilingual website, each lang on a different domain name. I am trying to lead all purchase requests to the checkout progress, which has its own domain too. In order to keep Google Analytics tracking I've updated the Google Analytics code accordingly. I set the source domain to 'multiple top-level domains'. Everything is going fine so far unless in E-commerce Overview; the "Sources / Medium" is always showing as (direct) - or the name of the source domain. Since I am redirecting using PHP header(location:.. etc.) the Google _link method doesn't seem to be working properly - I want to focus on two questions: Should I create a new profile for the checkout domain in Google Analytics? (I am now using the profile ID of the source domain even though I move to the checkout domain, si that OK?) When I'm trying to pass the cookies of the source domain to the checkout domain, I notice that the Google cookies are copied to the new domain (the cookie path is .checkout-domain/) and they have the same values of the original cookies - But for some reason another set of cookies is created once I access a page with google analytics code in the checkout pages, with different values (same path). Feels like I'm doing something wrong here, so my question is - What am I doing wrong here? Does anyone have an idea how to pass the cookies to the checkout domain?

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• Confused about application submission

  - by snowflake

  I finished my app but I'm totally confused about how to submit it to launchpad and the software center. I'm also new to launchpad. 1) I created a project at launchpad and synchronized an OpenPGP key via the password tool. This was about 30 minutes ago but launchpad still shows "No OpenPGP keys registered." Is this normal? 2) What I have to do next with the PPA? 3) How do I submit my app? Do I have to adjust files with the PPA? The showdown blog shows that quickly submitubuntu is enough but here in the forum I read about quickly release or quickly share. So which one is correct? 4) Do I have to add this file to launchpad as well? 5) Do I get a confirmation that my app was correctly submitted and take part of the contest? Since I do it for first time I want to be sure that everything is ok. I'm sorry for all my questions and I know that there are many topics about it but everywhere something different is written and I'm confused how to proceed. Thanks in advance!

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• Acceptable sound quality: stereo needed for an Android game?

  - by Thomas Calc

  I have various simple short sound effects (damage sound, dying sound, thunderbolt, fanfare, breaking) for a game that is developed for Android currently. I use OGG files: 96kbps VBR, 44.1KHz, 2 channels (that means stereo, right?). I read the other stackexchange topics about "acceptable sound quality", but they're too general, address too many things. My experience is that even with 80kbps, my effects sound OK. But I tested it on a limited number of Android devices (including a Sony Ericsson Xperia Neo and a HTC Desire HD). My questions: For mobile phones and tablets, generally, what parameters are recommended? Won't my 80kbps sounds be bad on a newer device (such as a modern tablet)? I don't hear any difference between stereo and mono (2 channels vs. 1 channel, right?), is there any noticeable difference at all for mobile phones / tablets? (in terms of the player experience) May it worth it at all? I assume that stereo sounds take much more in memory (when they're decoded to PCM), despite of the fact that the compressed OGG size is practically the same. Reacting to Roy T.'s great comment: Actually, I couldn't measure the PCM size (Android decodes OGG internally), but I thought that stereo will take more space than mono when uncompressed After throwing out one of the WAV channels in Audacity, and re-exporting it: The new WAV file size is half than before The OGG file size is practically the same as before The sound effects and game music was recorded by my friend who is an experienced hobby musician/composer, but he knows little about computers & software so he just gave me some high-quality WAV files generated via his hardware.These were stereo, but if I check them in Audacity, both channels appear to be exactly the same.Can I consider them the same (= moving to mono), or might there be some unnoticeable differences to the human eye?

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