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• CentOS networking BNX2

  - by james moore

  Having some trouble with my NICs. The server starts fine and I can wget/ping etc. However, when I /etc/init.d/networking restart I then receive the following error: Bringing up interface eth0: bnx2: fw sync timeout, reset code = 1030009 SIOCSIFFLAGS: Device or resource busy Consequently, the task fails. I have searched around on google users suggesting to disable PNP in the BIOS but I see no option. Here is some system information: $ ethtool -i eth0 driver: bnx2 version: 2.0.8-rh firmware-version: bc 2.9.1 $ uname -a Linux host 2.6.18-238.9.1.el5 #1 SMP Tue Apr 12 18:10:13 EDT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $/sbin/lspci | grep Broadcom 04:00.0 PCI brodge: Broadcom EPB PCI-Express to PCI-X Bridge (rev c3) 05:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5700 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 12) 08:00.0 PCI brodge: Broadcom EPB PCI-Express to PCI-X Bridge (rev c3) 09:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5700 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 12) $ lsmod | grep bnx2 bnx2i 81704 0 cnic 109512 1 bnx2i libiscsi2 77765 6 be2iscsi,ib_iser,iscsi_tcp,bnx2i,cxgb3i,libiscsi_tcp scsi_transport_iscsi2 73945 8 be2iscsi,ib_iser,iscsi_tcp,bnx2i,cxgb3i,libiscsi2 bnx2 224780 0 scsi_mod 199001 15 mpt2sas,scsi_transport_sas,mptctl,be2iscsi,ib_iser,iscsi_tcp,bnx2i,cxgb3i,libiscsi2,scsi_transport_iscsi2,scsi_dh,sg,libata,megaraid_sas,sd_mod $ rmmod bnx2; modprobe bnx2 PCI: Enabling device 0000:05:00.0 (0158 -> 015a) PCI: Enabling device 0000:09:00.0 (0158 -> 015a) bnx2: fw sync timeout, reset code = 10300003 Any help would be appreciated as I am at a loss.

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• How to set up multiple DNS servers on an intranet

  - by Brent

  We have an Active Directory network, with a mixture of Windows DNS, linux BIND servers, and want to use OpenDNS as our external DNS provider. I am wondering What is the best way to set up these servers (regarding forwarders, recursion, etc.)? Active Directory is our main internal DNS for our domain, and has 3 redundant servers. DHCP and all our servers use these as their DNS servers. Then we have a legacy AD server from an old network that is still authoritative for a bunch of domains. Finally, we have a couple of Linux Bind servers that are authoritative for a bunch of websites we host. Should our main AD servers point to our legacy AD server, which points to one of our BIND servers, which points to the other BIND server, which finally points out to openDNS? Or should our main AD servers point to all of these directly? - or is there a better option? What happens if a domain is listed in 2 places? Does DNS process the forwarders in order? What about root servers - if I want to use OpenDNS for "everything else", do I just list them as the last forwarders, and delete the root servers from all my DNS servers? How does recursion work - in this scenario, should I be using recursion or not?

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• get ubuntu terminal to send an escape sequence (control+shift+up)

  - by user62046

  This problem starts when I use emacs ( with -nw option). Let me first explain it. I tried to define hotkey (for emacs) as following (global-set-key [(control shift up)] 'other-window) but it doesn't work (no error, just doesn't work), neither does (global-set-key [(control shift down)] 'other-window) But (global-set-key [(control shift right)] 'other-window) and (global-set-key [(control shift left)] 'other-window) work! But because the last two key combinations are used by emacs (as default), I don't wanna change them for other functions. So how could I make control-shift-up and control-shift-down work? I have googled "(control shift up)", it seems that control-shift-up is used by other people, (but not very few results). In the Stack Overflow forum, Gille answered me as following: Ctrl+Shift+Up does send a signal to your computer, but your terminal emulator is apparently not transmitting any escape sequence for it. So your problem is in two parts. First you must get your terminal emulator to send an escape sequence, which depends on your terminal emulator, and is Super User material, or Unix.SE if you're using a unix system. Then you need to declare the escape sequence in Emacs, and my answer explains that part So I come here for this question: How do I get my terminal (I use ubuntu 10.04, and the built-in terminal) to send an escape sequence for Control+Shift+Up Control+Shift+down

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• Protocol to mount fat32 network filesystem on Linux with ability to lock files ( not advisory locks

  - by nagul

  I have a fat32 filesystem sitting on a NAS storage device (nslu2) that I need to mount on my Ubuntu system. I've tried Samba and NFS mounts, but both don't seem to support proper locking. More specifically, I am unable to save files to the mounted drive through GNUcash, KeepassX etc, which makes the share fairly useless. Is there a protocol that allows me to achieve this ? Note that the NAS storage device is running a linux OS so I can run pretty much any protocol that has a linux implementation. The only option I'm not looking for is to reformat the partition to ext3, which I'm not able to do due to other constraints. Alternatively, has anyone managed proper locking of a fat32 system over the network using Samba ? Or, is advisory locking the best you get with a network-mounted fat32 file system ? I've thought of trying sshfs but I've not found any indication that this will solve my problem. Edit: Okay, maybe I can reformat the drive, but to any file system except ext3. The "unslung" nslu2 doesn't like more than one ext3 drive, and I already have one attached. So any solution that involves reformatting the drive to ntfs, hfs etc is fine, as long as I can mount it on linux and lock files.

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• Bad results converting PDF to EPS on Linux

  - by Tim

  I'm having some trouble converting PDFs (created by Adobe Illustrator on a Mac) to EPS. I have tried several things but I am wondering if there is a better option. The following list is ordered by decreasing quality: inkscape --export-area-page --export-eps=out.eps in.pdf using the graphical program Inkscape works best, but is a bit slow; pdftops -eps in.pdf out.eps uses Poppler and works good and is fast; pdf2ps in.pdf out.eps uses ghostscript and works ok for simple documents; convert in.pdf out.eps uses ImageMagick and always rasterizes the image. I haven't tested the following: acroread -toPostScript use acroread (Linux only) Some issues I've found: Transparency is not supported in EPS, but instead of flattening the layers, most programs rasterize the image producing big files and ugly graphs. Inkscape does this best by only rasterizing the unsupported area. Gradients are rendered properly by Inkscape, but Poppler somehow chops up the gradient into many shapes of different colors. Greek symbols are seemingly not supported by Ghostscript and are rasterized (using pdf2ps). What are your experiences for this kind of task? Did I forgot certain programs and/or command line options that improve quality? I found some posts on this, but not a (thorough) comparison of possibilities, please correct me if I'm wrong. Related posts How to convert PDF to EPS? on TeX

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• PostgreSQL failover cluster on Windows Server

  - by user36997

  We are looking for advice on how to setup a basic failover cluster for our application: We will be using 4 machines running Microsoft Windows Server (most probably 2003). All four will always run our application, which is essentially a web service. Load balancing is "outsourced" - somebody else handles the distribution of the web requests among the servers. Only one of the servers will be running the PostgreSQL server actively at any given time. Another server (of the four) also has the DB installed, but is on standby/passive. The DB data is stored on shared storage. No copying data between servers. Reads are done very frequently by many end-users, and in rather small chunks of data. Writes are done much less frequently, by less users, and in very large bulks of data. Now, how can one configure Microsoft Cluster Service to keep only one instance of the DB server and 4 instances (1 per server) of our application at all times? And does PostgreSQL integrate neatly with MSCS at all? Update: Instead of keeping the data on shared storage, I also consider using log shipping to replicate data on a couple of DB servers. There are two issues with this option: Log shipping only makes sure that I have a second server that gets all of the data and is ready to take over. How do I implement the actual failure detection and failover switch? Switching back: Suppose the master fails and the system automatically fails over to the slave, and later the master comes back online. I understand that with WAL shipping this will require to reconfigure the log shipping once again, and that switching back is far from seamless. Is that so?

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• VPN Error 691 but server says authenticated on server

  - by Andy

  Hello all, I have a problem with a vpn connection on Windows XP SP3 that appears to be related to an account (maybe privilleges or an option that I have missed). When connecting using my account, which is a domain administrator account it will connect to through the vpn fine. However, using an account created for another person they receive Error 691: Username or Password is not valid for this domain. On the domain controller (windows 2003) I see a logon successful message: User DOMAIN\user was granted access. Fully-Qualified-User-Name = int.company.net.au/People/Management/User NAS-IP-Address = 10.30.0.3 NAS-Identifier = not present Client-Friendly-Name = MelbourneCore Client-IP-Address = Router-ip Calling-Station-Identifier = not present NAS-Port-Type = Virtual NAS-Port = 77 Proxy-Policy-Name = Use Windows authentication for all users Authentication-Provider = Windows Authentication-Server = undetermined Policy-Name = Remote VPN Access Authentication-Type = MS-CHAPv1 EAP-Type = Does anyone have any ideas as to where else I should look for finding a solution? If i use the wrong password it gives a logon failure error in the event viewer. Also removing them from the remote access group gives a logon failure error. Nothing appears in the event viewer on the local machine. In the past all that is required is to add them into our Remote Access Users group. Any help?

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• How do I configure nVidia drivers on a Portable Ubuntu setup?

  - by Nicholas Flynt

  I've been pulling my hair out over this one for a couple of days now, google is no help. I've created a wonderful (until this issue) portable copy of Ubuntu linux that will boot on mostly anything by using a USB enclosure for my laptop's 80GB SATA drive. So far so good, it boots and runs on everything, and on non-nVidia card setups was even detecting the drivers, or letting me install the required drivers for hardware acceleration and compiz. Because you know, the wobble windows are the most awesome thing ever. Anyway, my desktop machine had an nVidia card, so I'm thinking, sure, I'll just install the nVidia drivers like before and everything will work happily. Not so-- now the desktop and any other nVidia cards work great, but it seems to have completely disabled any other graphics cards. When the kernel module detects that an nVidia card isn't present, it shoots up this nasty little dialog box giving me the option to boot into "low graphics" mode, which doesn't even allow me to use the correct screen resolution, much less see the installed graphics card and try to configure a driver for it. Is there any way to configure Ubuntu (with the dreaded nVidia kernel module) so that it can use nVidia's drivers when an nVidia card is present, and default to the normal (not low-graphics) setup in other cases, so that it has a fair chance of using what's actually present? I'm not afraid to much with config files, I just don't know the underlying system well enough to feel comfortable diving in without a push in the right direction. Thanks guys!

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• IIS 7.0 404 Custom Error Page and web.config

  - by Colin

  I am having trouble with a custom 404 error page. I have a domain running a .NET proj with it's own error handling. I have a web.config running for the domain which contains: <customErrors mode="RemoteOnly"> <error statusCode="500" redirect="/Error"/> <error statusCode="404" redirect="/404"/> </customErrors> On a sub dir of that domain I am ignoring all routes there by doing routes.IgnoreRoute("Assets/{*pathInfo}"); in the .NET proj and I want to put a custom 404 error page on that and any sub dir's of Assets. The sub dir contains static content like images, css, js etc etc. So in the Error Pages section of IIS I put a redirect to an absolute URL. The web.config for that dir looks like the following: <system.webServer> <httpErrors> <remove statusCode="404" subStatusCode="-1" /> <error statusCode="404" prefixLanguageFilePath="" path="http://mydomain.com/404" responseMode="Redirect" /> </httpErrors> </system.webServer> But I navigate to an unknown URL under that dir and yet I still see the default IIS 404 page. I am also seeing an alert in IIS that reads: You have configured detailed error messages to be returned for both local and remote requests. When this option is selected, custom error configuration is not used. Does this have anything to do with the customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" in the site web.config? I have tried to overwrite the customErrors in the sub dir web.config but nothing changes. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.

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• Avoiding DNS timeouts when a dns server fails

  - by Neil Katin

  We have a small datacenter with about a hundred hosts pointing to 3 internal dns servers (bind 9). Our problem comes when one of the internal dns servers becomes unavailable. At that point all the clients that point to that server start performing very slowly. The problem seems to be that the stock linux resolver doesn't really have the concept of "failing over" to a different dns server. You can adjust the timeout and number of retries it uses, (and set rotate so it will work through the list), but no matter what settings one uses our services perform much more slowly if a primary dns server becomes unavailable. At the moment this is one of the largest sources of service disruptions for us. My ideal answer would be something like "RTFM: tweak /etc/resolv.conf like this...", but if that's an option I haven't seen it. I was wondering how other folks handled this issue? I can see 3 possible types of solutions: Use linux-ha/Pacemaker and failover ips (so the dns IP VIPs are "always" available). Alas, we don't have a good fencing infrastructure, and without fencing pacemaker doesn't work very well (in my experience Pacemaker lowers availability without fencing). Run a local dns server on each node, and have resolv.conf point to localhost. This would work, but it would give us a lot more services to monitor and manage. Run a local cache on each node. Folks seem to consider nscd "broken", but dnrd seems to have the right feature set: it marks dns servers as up or down, and won't use 'down' dns servers. Any-casting seems to work only at the ip routing level, and depends on route updates for server failure. Multi-casting seemed like it would be a perfect answer, but bind does not support broadcasting or multi-casting, and the docs I could find seem to suggest that multicast dns is more aimed at service discovery and auto-configuration rather than regular dns resolving. Am I missing an obvious solution?

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• How to have SSL on Amazon Elastic Load Balancer with a Gunicorn EC2 server?

  - by Riegie Godwin

  I'm a self taught back end engineer so I'm learning all of this stuff as I go along. For the longest time, I've been using basic authentication for my users. Many developers are advising against this approach since each request will contain the username & password in clear text. Anyone with the right skills can sniff on the connection between my iOS application and my Django/Gunicorn Server and obtain their password. I wouldn't want to put my user's credentials at risk so I would like to implement a more secure way of authentication. SSL seems to be the most viable option. My server doesn't serve any static content or anything crazy of that sort. All the server does is send and receive "json" responses from and to my iOS application. Here is my current topology. iOS application ------ Amazon Elastic Load Balancer ------- EC2 Instances running HTTP Gunicorn. Gunicorn runs on port 8000. I have a CNAME record from GoDaddy for the Amazon Elastic Load Balancer DNS. So instead of using the long DNS to make requests, I just use server.example.com. To interact with my servers I send and receive requests to server.example.com:8000/ This setup works and has been solid. However I need to have a more secure way. I would like to setup SSL between my iOS application and my Elastic Load Balancer. How can I go about doing this? Since I am only sending json responses to my application, do I really need to buy a certificate from a CA or can I create my own? (since browsers will not be interacting with my servers. My servers are only designed to send json responses to my iOS application).

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• How can I tell GoogleBot that a subdirectory is now a subdomain? [migrated]

  - by cwd

  I had about a million pages of a catalog indexed under a subdirectory, and now that's moved to a subdomain. GoogleBot is crawling each one of them and getting a 301 redirect to the new location. Even though I have set up the redirect rule in the apache sites-enabled configuration file, (i.e. it's early on when apache does the redirect - PHP is not even getting loaded), even though I have done that, the server isn't handling the load well. GoogleBot is making around 5 requests per second, and on top of my normal traffic that is hiking up the CPU for a few hours at a time. I checked in Webmaster Tools and the corresponding documentation for a way to let Google know that the content had been moved from a subdirectory to a subdomain, but with little luck. Basically the most helpful thing I saw said to just send 301 headers for the new location. How can I tell GoogleBot that a subdirectory is now a subdomain? If that is not an option, how can I more efficiently send 301 redirects out for a particular subdomain? I was thinking perhaps the Nginx server but I'm not sure that I can run both Apache and Nginx side by side on port 80 for different subdomains.

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• SPDIF passthrough not working in Windows 7

  - by adriangrigore

  Hi, I'm running Windows 7 on a computer with an Audigy Platinum eX sound card connected to a surround receiver via optical cabling. Sound works fine when listening to non-surround audio sources, such as windows sounds or MP3. However, when I view a DVD in Media Center and the SPDIF passthrough kicks in, I can only hear an awful noise instead of the movie soundtrack. Also, the receiver does not show the Dolby Digital or DTS symbol, but stays at Dolby Prologic, so it seems it doesn't identify the sound encoding properly. I could switch off SPDIF passthrough and use the sound card's decoder instead, but that's not an option for me since it would create more problems with regular MP3 playback via additional Stereo Receiver which is also connected to the same sound card. I've tried both the default Audigy drivers that come with Windows 7 and the latest drivers from the Soundblaster website, but the problem remains unchanged. Also, I have ensured that the receiver's Dolby Digital decoder is not broken by successfully connecting it to my PS3 to view a Dolby Digital DVD. Besides, SPDIF passthrough was working fine in Vista before I upgraded to Windows 7. Is there anything else I could try?

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• How use DNS server to create simple HA (High availability) of my website?

  - by marc22

  Welcome, How can i use DNS server to create simple HA (High availability) of website ? For example if my web-server ( for better understanding i use internal IP in real it will be other hosting companies) 192.168.0.120 :80 (is offline) traffic go to 192.168.0.130 :80 You have right, i use bad word "hight avability" of course i was thinking about failover. Using few IP in A records is good for simple load-balancing. But not in case, if i want notice user about failure (for example display page, Oops something is wrong without our server, we working on it) against "can't establish connection". I was thinking about setting up something like this 2 DNS servers, one installed on www server Both have low TTL on my domain, set up 2 ns records first for DNS with my apache server second to other dns If user try connect he will get ip of www server using first dns, if that dns is offline (probably www server is also down) so it will try second NS record, what will point to another dns, that dns will point to "backup" page. That's what i would like to do. If You have other idea please share. Reverse proxy is not option, because IP of server can change, or i can use other country for backup.

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• EFI vs MBR - Installing Windows Server 2008 R2 or 2012 on 8TB

  - by Riaan de Lange

  I'm having some difficulty installing Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows Server 2012 on an Intel Server platform. The server specs is as follows: Intel Grizzly Pass Server System - R2308GZ4GC 2x Intel Xeon 2620 - 2.0 GHZ - BX80621E52620 132 GB of Memory REG-DIMM - TS1GKR72V6H 4x Seagate Constellation ES 2TB 3.5" 7200rpm 6GB/S - ST32000645NS Intel Big Laurel 4CH 6G SAS RAID 512MB - RS2BL040 On the Intel RAID Controller Setup, I have setup the HDD to be in RAID-0 - for testing purposes. (Ultimately configured in RAID-5) So, the total size of HDD space I can use is 7.6 TB something... When I install the Server OS's, they don't seem to go beyond 2 TB (1.76 TB) I have read up on EFI and UEFI boot, and this seems to work in 2012, but I could not install any drivers for the motherboard... So, I also tried EFI for 2008R2, and this worked while installing the OS, it did not however work with the Windows Boot Manager option in the BIOS. It kept on freezing once it tries to load the partition. My idea was to allocate the complete 8 TB for the OS, and load a few VM's on there. I have now started with a new approach where I'll have a 256 GB OS Partition, and a secondary 7.5 TB Data partition. Oh, and I also did a diskpart - convert disk to gpt whilst installing 2008R2. The whole disk was accessible, 7.6TB Can anyone please clarify that EFI/UEFI is meant for larger boot volumes? Bigger than 2TB. If I were to have an ideal situation where my OS is run on a SSD, 256GB, and I can attach the 8 TB drives as normal disk to the OS? I'm I correct in saying that if I wanted to boot from a 8TB partition, I would need to force the BIOS to boot from EFI? The limit for MBR is 2 TB as far as I know now... *FYI: The motherboard is EFI-ready

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• Using UDF on a USB flash drive

  - by CesarB

  After failing to copy a file bigger than 4G to my 8G USB flash drive, I formatted it as ext3. While this is working fine for me so far, it will cause problems if I want to use it to copy files to someone which does not use Linux. I am thinking of formatting it as UDF instead, which I hope would allow it to be read (and possibly even written) on the three most popular operating systems (Windows, MacOS, and Linux), without having to install any extra drivers. However, from what I found on the web already, there seem to be several small gotchas related to which parameters are used to create the filesystem, which can reduce the compability (but most of the pages I found are about optical media, not USB flash drives). I would like to know: Which utility should I use to create the filesystem? (So far I have found mkudffs and genisoimage, and mkudffs seems the best option.) Which parameters should I use with the chosen utility for maximum compability? How compatible with the most common versions of these three operating systems UDF actually is? Is using UDF actually the best idea? Is there another filesystem which would have better compatibility, with no problematic restrictions like the FAT32 4G file size limit, and without having to install special drivers in every single computer which touches it?

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• How to create btrfs RAID-1 filesystem (assertion error in mkfs.btrfs)?

  - by amcnabb

  I tried to make a btrfs RAID-1 filesystem in "degraded mode" by following the btrfs UseCases instructions but hit a fatal assertion error. Why is this failing, and is there any workaround? The instructions I followed are at: https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/articles/u/s/e/UseCases_8bd8.html The output of the mkfs.btrfs and btrfs filesystem show commands is: # mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/loop1 WARNING! - Btrfs Btrfs v0.19 IS EXPERIMENTAL WARNING! - see http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org before using failed to read /dev/sr0 adding device /dev/loop1 id 2 mkfs.btrfs: volumes.c:802: btrfs_alloc_chunk: Assertion `!(ret)' failed. zsh: abort (core dumped) mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/loop1 # btrfs filesystem show failed to read /dev/sr0 Label: none uuid: 773908b8-acca-4c30-85c5-6642b06de22b Total devices 1 FS bytes used 28.00KB devid 1 size 223.13GB used 2.04GB path /dev/sda5 Label: none uuid: 0f06f1a8-5f5f-4b92-a55c-b827bcbcc840 Total devices 2 FS bytes used 24.00KB devid 2 size 2.00GB used 0.00 path /dev/loop1 devid 1 size 1.36TB used 20.00MB path /dev/sdd1 Btrfs Btrfs v0.19 # EDIT: It turns out that the filesystem isn't mountable: # mount /dev/sdd1 /mnt/big2 mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdd1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so # So, why did the mkfs fail, and is there any workaround?

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• Easy GUI way to auto scale EC2 and RDS: aws console, scalr, ylastic...?

  - by Zillo

  I am managing all my instances with the AWS Management Console (the GUI web console) but now I want to use Auto Scale and it seems that this can not be done with that console. Yes, there is CloudWatch but I can only create alarms (e-mail notifications), it seems that CouldWatch needs you to add the auto scale policy in some other place (by command line console?). I would like to use some easy GUI interface. Ylastic and Scalr seems to be a good option. Which one do you think is better? Regarding Scalr, is there any difference between the open source software Scalr and the service Scalr.net? I mean, is the GUI interface the same? I like the idea of the Scalr because I do not need to give my Secret Access Key to a third party (like in Ylastic or in Scalr.net) One question about the Scalr software, it has to be installed in the instances or it must be installed in another machine? Do I need to setup again all my security permissions, AMIs, snapshots, etc. or I can use AWS Management Console for everything and Scalr just to auto scale.

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• Postfix relay gives error 450 while it should be 550

  - by dieter-be

  Hi, we use postfix to do relaying. We get several messages like the following in /var/log/mail (slightly edited) Apr 13 13:30:29 linserver postfix/smtpd[1064]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[$ip]: 450 4.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: undeliverable address: host domain.be [$ip] said: 550 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table (in reply to RCPT TO command); from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<BLUESTREAK.domain.local> Now, when the master mail servers gives a 550, claiming that the user does not exist, I want the relay to also give a 550 back. What happens now is that it seems to return a 450, causing clients to keep messages queued, keep trying and only notify users after a certain period has passed. According to what I could find, the soft_bounce could cause this. But we have not enabled this option (and by default it's off according to postfix docs) It might also have something to do with the *_reject_code postconf values. Especially since the log message complains the unknown ip. But as you can see in the postconf output below, smtpd_sender_restrictions and smtpd_client_restrictions are empty. So even if it would try to do any restrictions there, 550 is the "worst" error going on, so that's what I expect to be returned to the client. postconf: http://sprunge.us/JYgB Thanks, Dieter

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• VPN from Windows XP to OpenSwan: correct setup?

  - by Gnudiff

  Main question is what I am doing wrong in my OpenSwan or L2TP client setup? I am trying to create a Linux OpenSwan VPN connection from Windows XP machine, using preshared key and the builtin Windows XP L2TP IPsec option. I have followed the instructions in Linux Home networking Wiki for setting up OpenSwan and a guide to making it work with the Windows XP client, but am now stuck. The net setup is as follows: [my windows client, private IP A]<->[f/wall B]<-internet->[g/w X]<->[Linux OpenSwan server Y] A - private subnet /24 B - internet address X - internet address /24 Y - internet address on same subnet as X What I essentially want is for computer with A address to feel and work, as if it was in X subnet for purposes of outgoing and incoming TCP and UDP connections. My OpenSwan setup is as follows: /etc/ipsec.conf (AAA and YYY indicates ip address parts of A and Y addresses): conn net-to-net authby=secret left=B leftsubnet=AAA.AAA.AAA.0/24 leftnexthop=%defaultroute right=Y rightsubnet=YYY.YYY.YYY.0/24 rightnexthop=B auto=start the secret in /etc/ipsec.secrets is listed as: B Y : PSK "0xMysecretkey" where B & Y stand for respective IP adresses of gateway B and linux server Y My L2TP WinXP setup is: IP of destination: Y don't prompt for username security options: typical, require secured pass, don't require data encryption, IPSec PSK set to 0xMysecretkey networking options: VPN Type: L2TP IPSec VPN; TCPIP protocol (with automatic IP address assignment) and QOS packet schedulers enabled The error I get from Windows client is 789: "error during initial negotiation"

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• CentOS 6.3 X86_64 RAM detection

  - by Peter

  I have a machine with 8GB ram (BIOS sees it, so my motherboard and CPU supports it), and I installed CentOS 6.3 on it. When it starts up, it only see 3.1GB. uname says: 2.6.32-279.1.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP BIOS-provided physical RAM map: BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable) BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 00000000cf65f000 (usable) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf65f000 - 00000000cf6e8000 (ACPI NVS) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf6e8000 - 00000000cf6ec000 (usable) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf6ec000 - 00000000cf6ff000 (ACPI data) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf6ff000 - 00000000cf700000 (usable) dmesg | grep -i memory says: initial memory mapped : 0 - 20000000 init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-00000000cf700000 Reserving 129MB of memory at 48MB for crashkernel (System RAM: 3319MB) PM: Registered nosave memory: 000000000009f000 - 00000000000a0000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000a0000 - 00000000000e0000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cf65f000 - 00000000cf6e8000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cf6ec000 - 00000000cf6ff000 Memory: 3184828k/3398656k available (5152k kernel code, 1016k absent, 212812k reserved, 7166k data, 1260k init) please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups Initializing cgroup subsys memory Freeing initrd memory: 16136k freed Non-volatile memory driver v1.3 agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: detected 8192K stolen memory crash memory driver: version 1.1 Freeing unused kernel memory: 1260k freed Freeing unused kernel memory: 972k freed Freeing unused kernel memory: 1732k freed Update: Memtest see all the 8GB, and dmidecode -t 17 | grep Size too. But free -m still see only 3.1 GB. Question: How can I repair/modify the system, to see all the 8GB RAM? Thanks in advance!

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• Spots appear in a rectangle area on screen, ubuntu gnome 13.04, nvidia driver

  - by frozen-flame

  I am using Ubuntu Gnome 13.04 with nvidia-310 driver installed. My GPU is GeForce GTX650. Strange spots freqently appear on screen, with following traits: Spots are restricted in one or two rectangle areas at any instant. When typing, the pattern of spots change. Possibly increase, or all disappear when one key pressed. Mouse movement also influences. This problem last within one boot. The only way can I get rid of this problem is to reboot. It can be detected as soon as entering desktop if it appears. Simultaneously, the "power off" option is lost in the top-right menu of Gnome3. Never such problem when using windows 7 on the same computer, neither ubuntu with Nouveou driver. Seldomly, half of the screen become black. I googled a lot. Similar conditions are described, but no confirmed solution. Uninstall-r einstall strategy does not work. Any clue solving this will be appeciated.

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• Line-length-tolerant XML diff

  - by Jon Skeet

  I've looked at the answers to this question, and unfortunately none of them has helped me so far. Not to beat about the bush, the second edition of C# in Depth is now in copy edit. I want to be able to see what the copy editor's done really easily, so I can reject or accept his changes. We're using a modified form of docbook, but I'm happy enough looking at the raw XML source. All fine so far - except that when the copy editor makes a change, that can change the line wrapping. So something that used to read: <para>Foo bar baz second line</para> now reads <para>Foo bar grontle baz second line</para> Now the real change here is the insertion of "grontle". I don't care that "baz" has moved from the first line to the second line... but all the diff tools I've seen do. I realise that one option would be to reformat the whole document (or possibly just whole paragraphs) into single lines... but that's then really hard to read, because diff tools don't wrap when they're displaying. I'm sure I can manage with the tools I've got, but if anyone knows of anything better, I'd be really glad to hear about it. I suspect my publishers would too :) (I've included the Windows tag here because I'd really need it to be available on Windows. I'd like to hear about any non-Windows software too, but only in case I could help to build it on Windows :)

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• Getting 502 instead of 503 when all backend servers are down running HAProxy behind Apache

  - by scarba05

  I'm testing running HAProxy as a dedicated load balancer behind Apache 2.2, replacing our current configuration where we use Apache's load balancer. In our current, Apache only, set-up if all the backend (origin) servers are down Apache will serve a 503 service unavailable message. With HAProxy I get a 502 bad gateway response. I'm using a simple reverse proxy rewrite rule in Apache RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://127.0.0.1:8000/$1 [last,proxy] In HAProxy I have the following (running in default tcp mode) defaults log global option tcp-smart-accept timeout connect 7s timeout client 60s timeout queue 120s timeout server 60s listen my_server 127.0.0.1:8000 balance leastconn server backend1 127.0.0.1:8001 check observe layer4 maxconn 2 server backend1 127.0.0.1:8001 check observe layer4 maxconn 2 Testing connecting directly to the load balancer when the backend servers are down: [root@dev ~]# wget http://127.0.0.1:8000/ test.html --2012-05-28 11:45:28-- http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Connecting to 127.0.0.1:8000... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... No data received. So presumably this is down to the fact that HAProxy accepts the connection and then closes it.

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• How to use the AWUS036H on MacBook Pro with Lion and Backtrack in VM?

  - by Swader

  I have the AWUS036H USB WiFi adapter and have recently upgraded the OSX to Lion. The thing is, there are no drivers for Lion for the AWUS036H, and I would have to boot into 32bit mode every time I want to launch the adapter as per instructions here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9_HAGi1ce0 I also want to install BackTrack as I deal in networks a lot for my company. While this would be a simple matter on any other laptop, the company issued Macbook does not allow booting into any OS other than MacOSX or Windows with Bootcamp. Now, since dual booting into BT is not an option, I would like Backtrack to run in VM inside my MacOSX Lion - and this it does. It works like a charm inside VirtualBox. But since there are no 64bit drivers for the wifi adapter, Lion doesn't recognize it and cannot install it. This, in turn, means that Backtrack cannot see it even though AWUS036H usually works flawlessly with BT. How can I make my VM-based BT see the wifi adapter even if the parent OS doesn't see it, if at all? Is there a way, or am I better off buying a new WiFi adapter that supports OSX 10.7 such as the AWUS036NHR?

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