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• Best practice for Exchange 2010 HA topology considering 6 x Exchange licenses and TMG 2010

  - by MadBoy

  What would be best topology considering that: 6 x Exchange 2010 Standard Licenses 2 x Separate locations that are supposed to support redundancy in case of link problems 4 x Forefront TMG 2010 with Forefront Security and Forefront Protection/Security Multiple locations worldwide using those Exchange. Most locations will be connected with VPN Tunnel (the ones hosting Exchange for sure). I was thinking something like this: Location MAIN (about 70-100 people): 2x TMG 2010 in NLB 1x Exchange 2010 CAS/HUB Role 2x Exchange 2010 Mailbox Role (Active + Passive) Location SUPPORT (about 20 people): 2x TMG 2010 in NLB 1x Exchange 2010 CAS/HUB Role 2x Exchange 2010 Mailbox Role (Active + Passive) Management wants to make sure that in case of problems in main location (power failure, link loss etc) second location can support all traffic from around the world and vice-versa. We have 6-7 locations and more comming up (not big ones but like 10+ people per each location). I do know that CAS/HUB is single point of failure (and no NLB), but i simply lack more licenses to do some redundancy on that. What do you think about this approach? What would be better approach according to you?

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• ASA Slow IPSec Performance with Inconsistent Window Size

  - by Brent

  I have a IPSec link between two sites over ASA 5520s running 8.4(3) and I am getting extremely poor performance when traffic passes over the IPSec VPN. CPU on the devices is ~13%, Memory at 408 MB, and active VPN sessions 2. The load on both of the the devices is particularly low. Latency between the two sites is ~40ms. Screenshot of wireshark file transfer between the two hosts over the firewall IPSec VPN performing at 10MBPS. Note the changing window size. http://imgur.com/wGTB8Cr Screenshot of wireshark file transfer between the two hosts over the firewall not going over IPSec performing at 55MBPS. Constant window size. http://imgur.com/EU23W1e I'm showing an inconsistent window size when transferring over the IPSec VPN ranging in 46,796 to 65535. When performing at 55+MBPS, the window size is consistently 65,535. Does this show a problem in my configuration of the IPSec VPN in the ASA or a Layer1/2 issue? Using ping xxxxxx -f -l I finally get a non-fragment at 1418 bytes so 1418+28 for IP/ICMP headers = 1446. I know that I have 1500 set on the ASA and Ethernet. I do have "Force Maximum segment size for TCP proxy connection to be" "1380" bytes set under Configuration Advanced TCP Options on the ASA. Using IPERF, I am getting a "TCP Window Full" every few seconds and ~3 MBPS performance. http://imgur.com/elRlMpY Show Run on the ASA http://pastebin.com/uKM4Jh76 Show cry accelerator stats http://pastebin.com/xQahnqK3

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• Microsoft Windows DHCP: Steering IPv4 clients into specific scopes based on MAC

  - by Easter Sunshine

  We have visitors on our campus who bring their own laptops and devices and use our wireless and wired networks. When we receive a copyright infringement notice (typically BitTorrenting), we are required to quarantine that MAC address so that it no longer has Internet access. No matter what website it tries to visit, it is sent to a web page explaining to the user that the device has been quarantined. We have thus far implemented this in ISC DHCP on Linux. We have multiple VLANs with one or more public-IP subnets and one RFC1918 quarantine subnet each. All clients are leased IPs in the public-IP subnet(s) unless you're in a list of known bad MACs. Then, you are sent to the quarantine subnet so that your traffic is unroutable on the Internet (you are isolated by subnet only, not by VLAN). We would like to move to Windows DHCP in light of the IPAM role but I cannot figure out how to replicate this in Windows DHCP 2012 (Assign DHCP IPs for specific MAC prefixes on Windows Server 2008 R2 suggests it was not possible in 2008 R2), even while using policies. So here's what I'd like: The administrator/help desk provides and maintains a list of MAC addresses that are to be quarantined. The DHCP server places those MACs into the quarantine subnet on the respective VLAN, no matter which VLAN the client is in. I don't think reservations would work: We currently have about 300 registered bad MACs and about 12 VLANs. I don't want to make 300 x 12 reservations nor have to add 12 reservations per new MAC address. Not to mention all of the quarantine subnets are /24s. We do not have NPS/NAC. You do not have to register your MAC address get network access. We use Cisco routers/switches. Thanks.

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• Single application through OpenVPN tunnel (Debian Lenny)

  - by mikael

  I'm using Debian Lenny and I want to tunnel rtorrent only through a OpenVPN tunnel. I have a tunnel running, the config file looks like this: client dev tun proto udp remote openvpn.xxx.com 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.crt key /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.key tls-auth /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/tls.key 1 ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 auth-user-pass script-security 3 reneg-sec 0 My idea is that I could run a sockd proxy internally that redirects traffic to the openvpn tunnel. I could use the *nix "proxifier" application "tsocks" to make it possible for rtorrent to connect through that proxy (as rtorrent doesn't support proxies). I have trouble configuring sockd as my IP inside the VPN changes every time I connect. This is a config file someone said would help: http://ircpimps.org/sockd.conf As my IP changes at each connect I don't know what to put in that config file. I have no control over the host side config file. Any help wanted. Any other method is very welcome.

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• Need Routing help (tagged/untagged)

  - by TheCleaner

  I really need some help trying to figure some "basic" routing. My brain is fried from being sick for a week and I'm not thinking clearly. Picture below describes my "setup". I'm trying to accomplish routing a user from their workstation to the Juniper SSG520 and then "OUT" through the internet connection. I can't move the connection as it is physically located where the user's switch is. Here's what I CAN do at this point: I can ping from the Juniper SSG520 eth3/3 to 6x.xxx.253.116 from 6x.xxx.253.114 I can ping from the x450 in the top right to 6x.xxx.253.112 from 6x.xxx.253.116 What I CANNOT DO: I cannot ping from the SSG520 eth3/3 to 6x.xxx.253.112 from 6x.xxx.253.114 (basically from the Juniper box to the gateway. I've tried changing port 1 in the x450 VLAN 666 as tagged but when I do that then I can't even ping from the Juniper SSG520 eth3/3 to the VLAN on the x450 (6x.xxx.253.116). I need to route traffic out the eth3/3 interface on the SSG520 THROUGH the 2 x450 Switches and out the internet connection. The caveat is that the 2 x450 switches are connected via fiber over distance and have tagged VLANs in them for the routing. Thoughts? http://img251.imageshack.us/img251/7752/drawing1.jpg

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• Apache mod_proxy with SSL not redirecting

  - by simonszu

  I have a custom server running behind an apache reverse proxy. Since the custom server can only handle HTTP traffic, i am trying to use apache for wrapping proper SSL around it, and for some kind of HTTP authentication. So i enabled mod_proxy and mod_ssl and modified sites-available/default-ssl. The config is as following: <Location /server> order deny,allow allow from all AuthType Basic AuthName "Please log in" AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/htpasswd Require valid-user ProxyPass http://192.168.1.102:8181/server ProxyPassReverse http://192.168.1.102:8181/server </Location> The custom server is accessible from the internal network via the location specified in the ProxyPass directive. However, when the proxy is accessed from the outside, it presents the login prompt, and after successfully authenticated, i get a blank page with the words The resource can be found at http://192.168.1.102:8181/server. When i type the external URL again in an already authenticated browser instance, i am properly redirected to the server frontend. The access.log is full of entrys stating that my browser does successful GET requests, and the proxy is happily serving the /server ressource. However, the ressource isn't containing the server's frontend, but this blank page with these words on it.

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• FreeBSD with Vagrant - don't know how to check guest additions version

  - by joelmaranhao

  On Mac OS X 10.9.3 Picked a box from the VagrantCloud Init the vagrant box $ vagrant init chef/freebsd-9.2-i386 A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on `vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant. List the files $ ls -al -rw-r--r-- 1 joel staff 4831 Jun 5 17:17 Vagrantfile Vagrantfile content VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2" Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config| config.vm.box = "chef/freebsd-9.2-i386" end Starting my virtual box leads to Errors $ vagrant up Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider... ==> default: Box 'chef/freebsd-9.2-i386' could not be found. Attempting to find and install... default: Box Provider: virtualbox default: Box Version: >= 0 ==> default: Loading metadata for box 'chef/freebsd-9.2-i386' default: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/chef/freebsd-9.2-i386 ==> default: Adding box 'chef/freebsd-9.2-i386' (v1.0.0) for provider: virtualbox default: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/chef/freebsd-9.2-i386/version/1/provider/virtualbox.box ==> default: Successfully added box 'chef/freebsd-9.2-i386' (v1.0.0) for 'virtualbox'! ==> default: Importing base box 'chef/freebsd-9.2-i386'... ==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking... ==> default: Checking if box 'chef/freebsd-9.2-i386' is up to date... ==> default: Setting the name of the VM: freebsd92-i386_default_1401982167145_49633 ==> default: Fixed port collision for 22 => 2222. Now on port 2201. ==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces... ==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration... default: Adapter 1: nat ==> default: Forwarding ports... default: 22 => 2201 (adapter 1) ==> default: Booting VM... ==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes... default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2201 default: SSH username: vagrant default: SSH auth method: private key default: Warning: Connection timeout. Retrying... default: Warning: Connection timeout. Retrying... ==> default: Machine booted and ready! Sorry, don't know how to check guest version of Virtualbox Guest Additions on this platform. Stopping installation. ==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM... default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on default: your host and reload your VM. default: default: Guest Additions Version: 4.2.16 default: VirtualBox Version: 4.3 ==> default: Mounting shared folders... default: /vagrant => /Users/joel/Code/anybots/operations/robot/freebsd92-i386 Vagrant attempted to execute the capability 'mount_virtualbox_shared_folder' on the detect guest OS 'freebsd', but the guest doesn't support that capability. This capability is required for your configuration of Vagrant. Please either reconfigure Vagrant to avoid this capability or fix the issue by creating the capability. Note that I have recently installed the latest version of VirtualBox, but somehow I can't find the Guest Additions.

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• Nginx + PHP5-FPM repeated cut outs 502

  - by James

  I've seen a number of questions here that highlight random 502 (Nginx + PHP-FPM = "Random" 502 Bad Gateway) and similar time outs when using Nginx + PHP-FPM. Even with all the questions, I'm still unable to find a solution. Using Ubuntu 10.10 + Nginx + PHP5-FPM + APC and every 1 out of 4 requests ends in a timeout and failure. This isn't a load issue or large traffic, it happens even in dev environment with one person. I am doing this across 3 1GB machines, each with the same configurations and same problems. fastcgi_params fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; /etc/php5/fpm/main.conf ; FPM Configuration ; ;include=/etc/php5/fpm/*.conf ; Global Options ; pid = /var/run/php5-fpm.pid error_log = /var/log/php5-fpm.log ;log_level = notice ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ;daemonize = yes ; Pool Definitions ; include=/etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/*.conf /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf [www] listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 ;listen.backlog = -1 ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 ;listen.owner = www-data ;listen.group = www-data ;listen.mode = 0666 user = www-data group = www-data ;pm.max_children = 50 pm.max_children = 15 ;pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 ;pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_spare_servers = 10 ;pm.max_requests = 500 ;pm.status_path = /status ;ping.path = /ping ;ping.response = pong request_terminate_timeout = 30 ;request_slowlog_timeout = 0 ;slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm.log.slow ;rlimit_files = 1024 ;rlimit_core = 0 ;chroot = chdir = /var/www ;catch_workers_output = yes

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• vmware - ACE, Workstation - how to manage remoe clients??

  - by tom smith

  Hi. Exploring Vmware products/services and have a few questions. As I understand VM, you can use VMWare Workstation to create a VM of a target machine/box/OS. Let's call this VM, "foo". If I have 100 client PCs in my dept, and I want to install the VM (foo) on each client, and also manage the remote VM instances of (foo). How can I accompish this? Let's assume that the client machines are running Windows7, and have the vmplayer app installed on the box. I'm looking to do the following kinds of actions regarding the remote client machines: -Update the foo VM/image with new updated copies -Make sure that every VM "foo" has the same user, but a unique passwd -Monitor the traffic/status of each client VM "foo" oin each client -Start/Stop each client VN "foo" from the master console -Etc... Can this be accomplished? How would I do it, what services/products would I need? I've tried toalking to a few of the pre-sales guys in VMWare, and got nowhere, other than telling me to email my questions!! Looking at google shed more insight, but I still have questions. So, if you have detailed VMWare understanding, pointers to consultants, or resellers who can help, all pointers are greatly appreciated. Thanks -tom

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• Cisco Catalyst 4500 Policy Based Routing

  - by Logan

  In order to test a new firewall I just set up I'm trying to implement policy based routing on our core switch. I want traffic from certain vlans to be routed to the new firewall while everything else continues being routed through the old firewall. I was trying to use this guide. Everything from that guide works fine except trying to run the "ip policy route-map" command in the interface configuration mode. IOS is telling me that such a command doesn't exist. A "show ip interface vlan" command says that policy routing is disabled. Any ideas? Output of "show ver": Cisco IOS Software, Catalyst 4500 L3 Switch Software (cat4500-IPBASEK9-M), Version 12.2(53)SG, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2009 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Thu 16-Jul-09 19:49 by prod_rel_team Image text-base: 0x10000000, data-base: 0x11D1E3CC ROM: 12.2(31r)SG2 Dagobah Revision 226, Swamp Revision 34 RTTMCB2223-1 uptime is 3 years, 22 weeks, 2 days, 19 hours, 28 minutes Uptime for this control processor is 51 weeks, 2 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes System returned to ROM by power-on System restarted at 19:22:02 UTC Tue Jul 12 2011 System image file is "bootflash:cat4500-ipbasek9-mz.122-53.sg.bin" ... cisco WS-C4510R (MPC8245) processor (revision 4) with 524288K bytes of memory. Processor board ID FOX103703W3 MPC8245 CPU at 400Mhz, Supervisor V Last reset from PowerUp 42 Virtual Ethernet interfaces 244 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces 511K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. Configuration register is 0x2

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• subdomain .htaccess redirection via ssh remote port forwarding

  - by Achim

  I ask you to help me URL redirecting a subdomain to a SSH remote forwarded port: The current setup is the following: The server A have a local webserver running on port 80. This server is connected to a DSL line or a GPRS connection where the IP address changes often. To prevent a DynDNS setup we established a SSH remote port forwarding to a server B with a static IP adress. This is done on server A by the following statement: ssh -N -p 80 -g -R 10000:localhost:80 tunneling@<Server B IP> So by accessing the new port 10000 of the servers B IP-adress, all traffic is forwarded to the server A port 80 - this works fine! But to offer a more comfortable url to the user I want to hide the server B IP-adress and offer a subdomain. My domain provider allows to add subdomains and redirections to some other servers. In general, this works, I've tested this with different servers. But it don't work if the destination is the port forwarded port of server B. The initial redirection is done, the request is send to server A and the response are forwarded to server B and shown in the browser - fine. But then the URL within the browser is switched away from the subdomain to the IP:port of server B. So the user don't see the subdomain in the URL string of the browser anymore. I've tried this with my providers subdomain redirection, as well as .htaccess redirect, as well as META refresh, the problem always persist. Is there a parameter in the ssh reverse forwarding setup (I guess this is the place where the fix have to be) to keep the typed in subdomain URL and not show the IP. Thanks Achim

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• Strange Upload Problem on Hyper-V

  - by Ring0

  Hi, This one is driving me totally nuts. I have being trying to upload a file to www.virustotal.com (its a harmless exe I have since found out - DiskWipe.exe from diskwipe.org). Using IE8. From Win 7 and Win 2008 R2 Datacenter (which I select to boot from vhd's) onto my main machine hardware, and also on another Win 7 PC elsewhere on my network, when I upload the file to virustotal.com it works perfectly. So, using my native NIC's everything is fine. Using another machine also perfect. Right. OK, from my boot menu the default is my main development machine - the one I'm typing on now. This runs on the metal and has Hyper-V role and I have some guests. All guests are not running. Amazingly, from my console (root partition to be exact) or any guest OS 2003 /XP / 2008 R2 etc. My upload to virustotal.com slows at 32% then HANGS at 38.something% & never finishes!! Here is the kicker. I have another box (my main server) running Hyper-V on the metal and three live guests. Identical H/W to my main dev machine in another room. (Except OS is Datacenter - Mine is Enterprise). If I try and upload from its bare metal console or any guest this file to virustotal.com using IE8 it stops exactly in the same place!! As for "steps I have tried etc." are kind-of blown out of the water as my server box is doing the precise same thing as the machine in my room here. OK, comonalities: Mobo: Gigabyte GA-X58-UD5, 12GB Kingston RAM, Corei7 920 4 cores hyperthreading = 8 & Realtek RTL8168D/8111D Family PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC's. All 3 machines have this same motherboard - revision F11 Bios, all have 12GB RAM, all have the Realtek Nic's. All x64 by the way as I mentioned before I have a Win 7 box also with the UD5 m/Board, 12 GB RAM - bit of an overkill. :-) All these machines when NOT running Hyper-V can upload this file. Perhaps you may like to try it on a Hyepr-v (2008 R2) yourselves with IE8 and the desktop experience is on. See if it works or fails for you. Root OS or any guest. So, looking like its the NIC + Hyper-V = Cannot upload this file (any file I must add.) Realtek Nic is Ver 7.002.1125.2008. Using IE8 I see in the nic settings there are the usual parameters for Jumbo frames / Checksum offloading etc. several others. Should I fiddle with these? I ran Netmon 3.3 in a guest and the TCP session halted as the upload failed. I suppose I could study that further. I dont have Netmon on the root partition machine (yet)! All OS's fully patched - including todays defender files. My box running Office 2007 - but identical server in another room is not. Also, if I fire up a VPN to a distant client and do the upload it works! Of course its a different network path. Suggestions welcome please. If I left out anything important - please yell at me. Many Thanks,

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• Apache Process question about RAM usage

  - by Andrew Fashion

  So everytime I load a new page, I notice a new HTTPD process opens, every time I click a page, and each process says it's using anywhere from 2-4.5% of memory. Does that mean every single process is running at that time using 2-4% of RAM? It's a brand new server and I'm the only one on the server at the moment. Or does it mean all the other processes are dying, and only the new one is active. Because 4% of my 2048MB of RAM is already 82MB for just one process!?!? Let me know, because I am trying to determine what I need to beef my server up in order to handle high loads of traffic. I'm expect to get 20,000 uniques per day on launch. I am currently running a Dual Quad Xeon server, with only 2GB of ram, I will upgrade to 8GB or more shortly. Let me know what you suggest! thank you [root@D18634 log]# top | grep 'httpd' 11315 apache 15 0 362m 82m 24m R 12.3 4.1 0:03.00 httpd 11310 apache 16 0 322m 41m 21m S 5.7 2.1 0:02.98 httpd 11315 apache 15 0 362m 83m 25m S 24.3 4.1 0:03.73 httpd 11319 apache 16 0 324m 42m 20m R 1.0 2.1 0:01.85 httpd 11319 apache 16 0 362m 82m 23m R 78.5 4.1 0:04.21 httpd 11321 apache 16 0 323m 44m 23m S 35.3 2.2 0:04.13 httpd 11319 apache 15 0 361m 82m 23m S 8.3 4.1 0:04.46 httpd 11321 apache 15 0 323m 44m 23m S 35.9 2.2 0:05.21 httpd 11313 apache 15 0 324m 41m 19m S 48.6 2.1 0:03.23 httpd 11322 apache 16 0 354m 72m 20m R 11.0 3.6 0:05.11 httpd 11322 apache 16 0 354m 72m 20m S 23.9 3.6 0:05.83 httpd 11314 apache 16 0 355m 75m 22m R 18.3 3.7 0:04.64 httpd

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• Why do clients on Branch Sites insist on accessing SYSVOL on the HQ DC instead of the branches' RODC?

  - by pepoluan

  I'm still scratching my head over this situation... You see, we have 3 RW DCs in the HQ, and 1 RODC on every branch sites (50+ locations). During startup, a script will pull in some files from \\example.com\SYSVOL\example.com\Common\Data But we have been experiencing bandwidth overload. A traffic analysis indicated that lots of clients in the Branch Sites were trying to access the SYSVOL located in the RW DCs. E.g.: If the RW DCs are 10.1.0.15, 10.2.0.15, and 10.3.0.15, and site 'X' has a subnet of 10.27.0.0/16 (with its RODC at 10.27.0.15), clients at site 'X' seem to insist on accessing \\10.1.0.15\SYSVOL or \\10.2.0.15\SYSVOL or \\10.3.0.15\SYSVOL; they seem to be ignoring the RODC completely. What is going on here? Where should I start investigating what went wrong? BTW, I'm already using DFS-R, and replication have been going on successfully; I can put a small 'canary' file on one of the RW DCs, and within minutes all the RODCs will have successfully replicated the 'canary' file.

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• Web filtering (Proxy or DNS) with option for users to ignore the block

  - by Jon Rhoades

  We are struggling with our users visiting infected or "attack" sites and Phising in general. Most of our machines are protected by an Enterprise anti virus and monitoring solution (McAffe ePO) and we try to get people to use Firefox... But no AV is perfect and we have to endure personal machines as well (albeit on their own 'Plague' VLANs) and would like to do something about Phishing as our users seem intent on disclosing their passwords to the world... To complicate matters we don't want to implement a block for many many reasons instead we would like to implement something akin to Firefox's "Reported Scam/Phish/Attack Site" - "Get me out of here" or crucially "Let me in anyway", giving the user a choice to still infect themselves if they feel like it (or look at a site incorrectly blacklisted). The reason we can't just use Firefox is we have a core enterprise App only certified on IE6&7 - thank you Oracle. Is it possible to implement this type of advisory filtering either using a proxy (in our case Squid) or DNS? http://serverfault.com/questions/15801/what-free-options-are-available-for-web-content-filtering http://serverfault.com/questions/47520/open-source-filtering-of-https-traffic Were a good start, but they don't address the advisory aspect of the filtering.

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• Multiple Set Peer for VPN Failover

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I will have two Cisco routers at Location A serving the same internal networks, and one router in location B. Currently, I have one router in each location with a IPSec site-to-site tunnel connecting them. It looks something like: Location A: crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location B set peer 12.12.12.12 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Location B: crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location A set peer 11.11.11.11 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Can I achieve fail over by simply adding another set peer at location B?: Location A (New secondary Router, configuration on previous router stays the same): crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location B set peer 12.12.12.12 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Location B (Configuration Changed): crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location A set peer 11.11.11.11 ! 11.11.11.100 is the ip of the new second router at location A set peer 11.11.11.100 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Cisco Says: For crypto map entries created with the crypto map map-name seq-num ipsec-isakmp command, you can specify multiple peers by repeating this command. The peer that packets are actually sent to is determined by the last peer that the router heard from (received either traffic or a negotiation request from) for a given data flow. If the attempt fails with the first peer, Internet Key Exchange (IKE) tries the next peer on the crypto map list. But I don't fully understand that in the context of a failover scenerio (One of the routers as Location A blowing up).

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• Help with memory usage issues on VPS

  - by Niall Collins

  Hi there, I am running a VPS server with 6 .net web sites/applications running on it. I am having issues with performance on the server, mainly it running out of memory. I contacted the company that lease the server to me and they told me it was because I also had sql server 2008 express also running on the server. So I went ahead and removed this, uninstalled etc. However I still seem to be having issues. For example at present, looking at resource consumption, the virtual memory is: ID: vprvmem Current Use: 894,328,832 bytes Limit: 1,073,741,824 bytes This means useage of ~80%. Is there any way I can check out exactly that applications, web sites, software is taking up most of the servers memory, so I can look at rectifying it. I feel that 80% is much to high to allow for contingency for a spike in traffic. I have got extra memory resources added to the box recently, but I would prefer finding the source of the problem rather than throwing extra memory at it. Maybe these levels are correct and alls running ok, but would like to investigate it to make sure. My knowledge of hardware is limited as I mostly deal in the spectrum of software. So any tools out there that can help me or any pertient advice.

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• ubuntu 10.04; kvm bridged networking not working with public ip addresses

  - by senorsmile

  I have a dedicated hosted server box with ubuntu 10.04 64 bit installed. I would like to run kvm with ubuntu 8.04 installed for some php 5.2 compatible apps(they don't work right with php 5.3, the default in ubuntu 10.04). I installed KVM as instructed at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM/Installation . I installed the vm using virt-manager. I never could figure out how use virt-install or any of those automated installers. I just installed it using the disc. I set up bridged networking as per https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM/Networking . However, the bridged connection doesn't work. Here's my /etc/network/interfaces on the host, running ubuntu 10.04. (with specific public ip blanked) auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual auto br0 iface br0 inet static address xx.xx.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway xx.xx.xx.xa bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp on bridge_fd 0 bridge_maxwait 10 ` Here's my /etc/network/interfaces on the guest, running ubuntu 8.04. auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address xx.xx.xx.xy netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway xx.xx.xx.xa The two vm's can communicate to each other. But, the guest vm can't access anyone in the real world. Here's my /etc/libvirt/qemu/store_804.xml <domain type='kvm'> <name>store_804</name> <uuid>27acfb75-4f90-a34c-9a0b-70a6927ae84c</uuid> <memory>2097152</memory> <currentMemory>2097152</currentMemory> <vcpu>2</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-0.12'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='utc'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/store_804.img'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> </disk> <disk type='block' device='cdrom'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> </disk> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:26:0b:c6'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <model type='virtio'/> </interface> <console type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </console> <console type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </console> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes'/> <sound model='es1370'/> <video> <model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/> </video> </devices> </domain> Any idea where I've gone wrong?

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• tap interfaces always disabled in linux bridge

  - by Dani Camps

  I have a physical interface eth0, and I want to create two virtual interfaces and bridge them with eth0. For this purpose I do: #Create the virtual interfaces tunctl -t tap0 tunctl -t tap1 ifconfig tap0 up ifconfig tap1 up #Create the bridge brctl addbr br0 brctl stp br0 off brctl addif br0 eth0 brctl addif br0 tap0 brctl addif br0 tap1 #Turning up the bridge ifconfig br0 up However my problem if that the tap interfaces always appear disabled in the bridge, and no traffic flows to them. $brctl show br0 bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.080027cabeba no eth2 tap0 tap1 $brctl showstp br0 br0 bridge id 8000.080027cabeba designated root 8000.080027cabeba root port 0 path cost 0 max age 20.00 bridge max age 20.00 hello time 2.00 bridge hello time 2.00 forward delay 15.00 bridge forward delay 15.00 ageing time 300.01 hello timer 0.00 tcn timer 0.00 topology change timer 0.00 gc timer 298.42 flags eth2 (1) port id 8001 state forwarding designated root 8000.080027cabeba path cost 4 designated bridge 8000.080027cabeba message age timer 0.00 designated port 8001 forward delay timer 12.97 designated cost 0 hold timer 1.24 flags tap0 (2) port id 8002 state disabled designated root 8000.080027cabeba path cost 100 designated bridge 8000.080027cabeba message age timer 0.00 designated port 8002 forward delay timer 0.00 designated cost 0 hold timer 0.00 flags tap1 (3) port id 8003 state disabled designated root 8000.080027cabeba path cost 100 designated bridge 8000.080027cabeba message age timer 0.00 designated port 8003 forward delay timer 0.00 designated cost 0 hold timer 0.00 flags Is there any way to set the tap interfaces in forwarding state? I do not understand why they are not because STP is disabled. Cheers Daniel

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• Win 7 Netbook refuses to ping JetDirect card (all other PCs work)

  - by Luke Puplett

  I have an odd thing occuring here. From a Windows 7 netbook, I cannot ping an HP printer on the network, while all other machines (Win7/Vista) can. And the netbook can also ping everything else on the LAN. Example showing that the netbook can ping 192.168.3.4 but not 3.6. C:\Users\backdoor>ping w7ue1m Pinging w7ue1m.corp.biz.co.uk [192.168.3.4] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.4: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.3.4: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.3.4: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.3.4: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.3.4: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 7ms, Average = 3ms C:\Users\backdoor>ping uktnprint1 Pinging uktnprint1.corp.biz.co.uk [192.168.3.6] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.0: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.3.0: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.3.0: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.3.0: Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168.3.6: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),`enter code here` The IPCONFIG result for the netbook is fine. IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.3.0 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.0.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 Most unusual network thing I've seen in years. I must reiterate that only this netbook is having trouble pinging/printing. Thanks, Luke ** UPDATE ** Am now on a Vista box, and here's the IPCONFIG: IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.3.3 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.0.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 Pinging uktnprint1.corp.biz.co.uk [192.168.3.6] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.6: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=60 Firewall is off. I'll look into the chance of an IP conflict because it's the only thing I can think of - compare arp caches of each machine. Cheers!

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• Synchronizing files between Linux servers, through FTP

  - by Daniel Magliola

  I have the following configuration of servers: 1 central linux server, a VPS 8 satellite linux servers, "crappy shared hostings" I have a bunch of files that I need to have in all servers. Right now i'm copying them everywhere manually, but I want to be able to copy them to the central server, and then have a scheduled process that runs every now and then and synchronizes them (only outwardly, no need to try to find "new" files in the satellite servers). There are a couple of catches though: I can't have any custom software in the satellite servers, or do strange command line things that'll auto connect to them and send the files directly. I know this is the way these kinds of things are normally done, but the satellite servers are crappy shared hosting ones where I have absolutely no control over anything. I need to send the files over FTP I also need to have, in my central server, a list of the files that are available in each of the satellite servers, to make sure they are ready before I send traffic to them. If I were to do this manually, the steps would be: get the list of files in a satellite server compare to my own, and send the files that are missing get the list of files again, and store it in my central database. I'd like to know what tools are out there that can alleviate as much of this as possible, first the syncing, and then the "getting the list of files available in the other server". I'm going to be doing everything from PHP, not sure if there are good tools to "use FTP from PHP", which i'm pretty sure i'll have to do for step 3 at least. Thanks in advance for any ideas! Daniel

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• How to set up that specific domains are tunneled to another server

  - by Peter Smit

  I am working at an university as research assistant. Often I would like to connect from home to university resources over http or ssh, but they are blocked from outside access. Therefore, they have a front-end ssh server where we can ssh into and from there to other hosts. For http access they advise to set up an ssh tunnel like this ssh -L 1234:proxyserver.university.fi:8080 publicsshserver.university.fi and put the proxy settings of your browser to point to port 1234 All nice and working, but I would not like to let all my other internet traffic go over this proxy server, and everytime I want to connect to the university I have to do this steps again. What would I like: - Set up a ssh tunnel everytime I log in my computer. I have a certificate, so no passwords are needed - Have a way to redirect some wildcard-domains always through the ssh-server first. So that when I type intra.university.fi in my browser, transparently the request is going through the tunnel. Same when I want to ssh into another resource within the university Is this possible? For the http part I think I maybe should set up my own local transparent proxy to have this easily done. How about the ssh part?

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• Using radvd to advertise ipv6 over VPN connection using DD-wrt

  - by Sean Madden

  My ultimate goal is to allow VPN users to have access to my internal IPv6 network from across the intertubes. I've got a linksys WRT54GSv2 running DD-WRTv24SP1 and have configured the little guy as specified here http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/IPv6 and it works wonderfully over the br0 interface (LAN/WLAN bridge). Here's the issue though, when I add an additional interface to the radvd config file on the router (specifically ppp0, for the VPN traffic), radvd refuses to start. The kicker is that on DDWRT, it doesn't give an error message, it just fails outright. Any suggestions on where to proceed from here? /jffs/radvd.conf: interface br0 { AdvSendAdvert on; prefix 0:0:0:1::/64 { AdvOnLink on; AdvAutonomous on; }; }; interface ppp0 { AdvSendAdvert on; prefix 0:0:0:1::/64 { AdvOnLink on; AdvAutonomous on; }; }; The documentation I've found for radvd is slim, but if anyone has a decent idea on how to proceed I'd love to hear it.

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• linux Firewall question

  - by bcrawl

  I have few generic questions about firewalls and I thought the community up here could help me out. 1) So I recently installed Ubuntu server barebones. I checked for open ports, none were open which was great. Is that because there was a firewall installed or was it because there were no applications installed? 2) I installed some applications, (Apache, postgres,ssh, Java app and some few). Between these, I ended up opening a few ports (~10). Now I have a list of all the ports I would need open. So, how do I go about protecting them? [Is this the right question to ask? does the process go like this, Install Firewall - Allow Said needed ports - deny rest using IPtables rules] This is going to be open to the internet. Hosting low traffic ecommerce sites. 3) What do you think is the easiest way for me to quasi-secure the server, [low maintenance overhead/simplicity. Any open source "software" which can make my life easier?] 4) Finally, of the said open ports [2], I have 2 ports I need to close because they are telnet ports. Can I close these ports without installing a "firewall" Thanks all for the help and Merry Christmas!!!!!!!

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• IIS doesn't serve certain file extensions

  - by Alekc

  Hi, i have this weird issue on Win 2k3 server and IIS: Iis has several sites, in one of them i need to create a subdir and set up it as web application. I've noticed that if i create new directory and put some .js/.txt file into it, they will not be served by iis (IE gives an error Internet Explorer cannot display the webpage). If i put the same files in another old site's subdirectory it will show correctly. By sniffing traffic i've seen that iis reply connection state 200 and then drop completely any connection http://domain.com/test2/prova.txt GET /test2/prova.txt HTTP/1.1 Host: domain.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.7) Gecko/20091221 Firefox/3.5.7 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.x 200 OK If i rename file prova.txt in prova.asp for example it showing without problems so it shouldn't be permissions issue. After making some researches I've found out that it can be caused by missing mime types, I've checked out .txt and .js are present and served by aspnet_isapi.dll. And here comes another weird thing: if i remove mime mapping from directory's properties it's served correctly, but the same thing doesn't work with js. I'm really beginning to be out of ideas, is there someone who have some hint? Thanks in advance.

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