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  • Merging two arrays in PHP

    - by Industrial
    Hi everyone, I am trying to create a new array from two current arrays. Tried array_merge, but it will not give me what I want. $array1 is a list of keys that I pass to a function. $array2 holds the results from that function, but doesn't contain any non-available resuls for keys. So, I want to make sure that all requested keys comes out with 'null':ed values, as according to the shown $result array. It goes a little something like this: $array1 = array('item1', 'item2', 'item3', 'item4'); $array2 = array( 'item1' => 'value1', 'item2' => 'value2', 'item3' => 'value3' ); Here's the result I want: $result = array( 'item1' => 'value1', 'item2' => 'value2', 'item3' => 'value3', 'item4' => '' ); It can be done this way, but I don't think that it's a good solution - I really don't like to take the easy way out and suppress PHP errors by adding @:s in the code. This sample would obviously throw errors since 'item4' is not in $array2, based on the example. foreach ($keys as $k => $v){ @$array[$v] = $items[$v]; } So, what's the fastest (performance-wise) way to accomplish the same result?

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  • License key pattern detection?

    - by Ricket
    This is not a real situation; please ignore legal issues that you might think apply, because they don't. Let's say I have a set of 200 known valid license keys for a hypothetical piece of software's licensing algorithm, and a license key consists of 5 sets of 5 alphanumeric case-insensitive (all uppercase) characters. Example: HXDY6-R3DD7-Y8FRT-UNPVT-JSKON Is it possible (or likely) to extrapolate other possible keys for the system? What if the set was known to be consecutive; how do the methods change for this situation, and what kind of advantage does this give? I have heard of "keygens" before, but I believe they are probably made by decompiling the licensing software rather than examining known valid keys. In this case, I am only given the set of keys and I must determine the algorithm. I'm also told it is an industry standard algorithm, so it's probably not something basic, though the chance is always there I suppose. If you think this doesn't belong in Stack Overflow, please at least suggest an alternate place for me to look or ask the question. I honestly don't know where to begin with a problem like this. I don't even know the terminology for this kind of problem.

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  • Self-signed certificates for a known community

    - by costlow
    Recently announced changes scheduled for Java 7 update 51 (January 2014) have established that the default security slider will require code signatures and the Permissions Manifest attribute. Code signatures are a common practice recommended in the industry because they help determine that the code your computer will run is the same code that the publisher created. This post is written to help users that need to use self-signed certificates without involving a public Certificate Authority. The role of self-signed certificates within a known community You may still use self-signed certificates within a known community. The difference between self-signed and purchased-from-CA is that your users must import your self-signed certificate to indicate that it is valid, whereas Certificate Authorities are already trusted by default. This works for known communities where people will trust that my certificate is mine, but does not scale widely where I cannot actually contact or know the systems that will need to trust my certificate. Public Certificate Authorities are widely trusted already because they abide by many different requirements and frequent checks. An example would be students in a university class sharing their public certificates on a mailing list or web page, employees publishing on the intranet, or a system administrator rolling certificates out to end-users. Managed machines help this because you can automate the rollout, but they are not required -- the major point simply that people will trust and import your certificate. How to distribute self-signed certificates for a known community There are several steps required to distribute a self-signed certificate to users so that they will properly trust it. These steps are: Creating a public/private key pair for signing. Exporting your public certificate for others Importing your certificate onto machines that should trust you Verify work on a different machine Creating a public/private key pair for signing Having a public/private key pair will give you the ability both to sign items yourself and issue a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) to a certificate authority. Create your public/private key pair by following the instructions for creating key pairs.Every Certificate Authority that I looked at provided similar instructions, but for the sake of cohesiveness I will include the commands that I used here: Generate the key pair.keytool -genkeypair -alias erikcostlow -keyalg EC -keysize 571 -validity 730 -keystore javakeystore_keepsecret.jks Provide a good password for this file. The alias "erikcostlow" is my name and therefore easy to remember. Substitute your name of something like "mykey." The sigalg of EC (Elliptical Curve) and keysize of 571 will give your key a good strong lifetime. All keys are set to expire. Two years or 730 days is a reasonable compromise between not-long-enough and too-long. Most public Certificate Authorities will sign something for one to five years. You will be placing your keys in javakeystore_keepsecret.jks -- this file will contain private keys and therefore should not be shared. If someone else gets these private keys, they can impersonate your signature. Please be cautious about automated cloud backup systems and private key stores. Answer all the questions. It is important to provide good answers because you will stick with them for the "-validity" days that you specified above.What is your first and last name?  [Unknown]:  First LastWhat is the name of your organizational unit?  [Unknown]:  Line of BusinessWhat is the name of your organization?  [Unknown]:  MyCompanyWhat is the name of your City or Locality?  [Unknown]:  City NameWhat is the name of your State or Province?  [Unknown]:  CAWhat is the two-letter country code for this unit?  [Unknown]:  USIs CN=First Last, OU=Line of Business, O=MyCompany, L=City, ST=CA, C=US correct?  [no]:  yesEnter key password for <erikcostlow>        (RETURN if same as keystore password): Verify your work:keytool -list -keystore javakeystore_keepsecret.jksYou should see your new key pair. Exporting your public certificate for others Public Key Infrastructure relies on two simple concepts: the public key may be made public and the private key must be private. By exporting your public certificate, you are able to share it with others who can then import the certificate to trust you. keytool -exportcert -keystore javakeystore_keepsecret.jks -alias erikcostlow -file erikcostlow.cer To verify this, you can open the .cer file by double-clicking it on most operating systems. It should show the information that you entered during the creation prompts. This is the file that you will share with others. They will use this certificate to prove that artifacts signed by this certificate came from you. If you do not manage machines directly, place the certificate file on an area that people within the known community should trust, such as an intranet page. Import the certificate onto machines that should trust you In order to trust the certificate, people within your known network must import your certificate into their keystores. The first step is to verify that the certificate is actually yours, which can be done through any band: email, phone, in-person, etc. Known networks can usually do this Determine the right keystore: For an individual user looking to trust another, the correct file is within that user’s directory.e.g. USER_HOME\AppData\LocalLow\Sun\Java\Deployment\security\trusted.certs For system-wide installations, Java’s Certificate Authorities are in JAVA_HOMEe.g. C:\Program Files\Java\jre8\lib\security\cacerts File paths for Mac and Linux are included in the link above. Follow the instructions to import the certificate into the keystore. keytool -importcert -keystore THEKEYSTOREFROMABOVE -alias erikcostlow -file erikcostlow.cer In this case, I am still using my name for the alias because it’s easy for me to remember. You may also use an alias of your company name. Scaling distribution of the import The easiest way to apply your certificate across many machines is to just push the .certs or cacerts file onto them. When doing this, watch out for any changes that people would have made to this file on their machines. Trusted.certs: When publishing into user directories, your file will overwrite any keys that the user has added since last update. CACerts: It is best to re-run the import command with each installation rather than just overwriting the file. If you just keep the same cacerts file between upgrades, you will overwrite any CAs that have been added or removed. By re-importing, you stay up to date with changes. Verify work on a different machine Verification is a way of checking on the client machine to ensure that it properly trusts signed artifacts after you have added your signing certificate. Many people have started using deployment rule sets. You can validate the deployment rule set by: Create and sign the deployment rule set on the computer that holds the private key. Copy the deployment rule set on to the different machine where you have imported the signing certificate. Verify that the Java Control Panel’s security tab shows your deployment rule set. Verifying an individual JAR file or multiple JAR files You can test a certificate chain by using the jarsigner command. jarsigner -verify filename.jar If the output does not say "jar verified" then run the following command to see why: jarsigner -verify -verbose -certs filename.jar Check the output for the term “CertPath not validated.”

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  • C# 2D Camera Max Zoom

    - by Craig
    I have a simple ship sprite moving around the screen along with a 2D Camera. I have zooming in and out working, however when I zoom out it goes past the world bounds and has the cornflower blue background showing. How do I sort it that I can only zoom out as far as showing the entire world (which is a picture of OZ) and thats it? I dont want any of the cornflower blue showing. Cheers! namespace GamesCoursework_1 { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game /// </summary> public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; // player variables Texture2D Ship; Vector2 Ship_Position; float Ship_Rotation = 0.0f; Vector2 Ship_Origin; Vector2 Ship_Velocity; const float tangentialVelocity = 4f; float friction = 0.05f; static Point CameraViewport = new Point(800, 800); Camera2d cam = new Camera2d((int)CameraViewport.X, (int)CameraViewport.Y); //Size of world static Point worldSize = new Point(1600, 1600); // Screen variables static Point worldCenter = new Point(worldSize.X / 2, worldSize.Y / 2); Rectangle playerBounds = new Rectangle(CameraViewport.X / 2, CameraViewport.Y / 2, worldSize.X - CameraViewport.X, worldSize.Y - CameraViewport.Y); Rectangle worldBounds = new Rectangle(0, 0, worldSize.X, worldSize.Y); Texture2D background; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = CameraViewport.X; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = CameraViewport.Y; Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { // TODO: Add your initialization logic here base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here Ship = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Ship"); Ship_Origin.X = Ship.Width / 2; Ship_Origin.Y = Ship.Height / 2; background = Content.Load<Texture2D>("aus"); Ship_Position = new Vector2(worldCenter.X, worldCenter.Y); cam.Pos = Ship_Position; cam.Zoom = 1f; } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// all content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here Ship_Position = Ship_Velocity + Ship_Position; keyPressed(); base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend, null, null, null,null, cam.get_transformation(GraphicsDevice)); spriteBatch.Draw(background, Vector2.Zero, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(Ship, Ship_Position, Ship.Bounds, Color.White, Ship_Rotation, Ship_Origin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0f); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } private void Ship_Move(Vector2 move) { Ship_Position += move; } private void keyPressed() { KeyboardState keyState; // Move right keyState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { Ship_Rotation = Ship_Rotation + 0.1f; } if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { Ship_Rotation = Ship_Rotation - 0.1f; } if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) { Ship_Velocity.X = (float)Math.Cos(Ship_Rotation) * tangentialVelocity; Ship_Velocity.Y = (float)Math.Sin(Ship_Rotation) * tangentialVelocity; if ((int)Ship_Position.Y < playerBounds.Bottom && (int)Ship_Position.Y > playerBounds.Top) cam._pos.Y = Ship_Position.Y; if ((int)Ship_Position.X > playerBounds.Left && (int)Ship_Position.X < playerBounds.Right) cam._pos.X = Ship_Position.X; Ship_Position += new Vector2(tangentialVelocity, 0); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(tangentialVelocity * 2, 0.0f); Ship_Position += new Vector2(-tangentialVelocity, 0.0f); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(-tangentialVelocity * 2, 0.0f); Ship_Position += new Vector2(0.0f, -tangentialVelocity); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(0.0f, -tangentialVelocity * 2); Ship_Position += new Vector2(0.0f, tangentialVelocity); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(0.0f, 2 * tangentialVelocity); } else if(Ship_Velocity != Vector2.Zero) { float i = Ship_Velocity.X; float j = Ship_Velocity.Y; Ship_Velocity.X = i -= friction * i; Ship_Velocity.Y = j -= friction * j; if ((int)Ship_Position.Y < playerBounds.Bottom && (int)Ship_Position.Y > playerBounds.Top) cam._pos.Y = Ship_Position.Y; if ((int)Ship_Position.X > playerBounds.Left && (int)Ship_Position.X < playerBounds.Right) cam._pos.X = Ship_Position.X; Ship_Position += new Vector2(tangentialVelocity, 0); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(tangentialVelocity * 2, 0.0f); Ship_Position += new Vector2(-tangentialVelocity, 0.0f); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(-tangentialVelocity * 2, 0.0f); Ship_Position += new Vector2(0.0f, -tangentialVelocity); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(0.0f, -tangentialVelocity * 2); Ship_Position += new Vector2(0.0f, tangentialVelocity); if (!worldBounds.Contains(new Point((int)Ship_Position.X, (int)Ship_Position.Y))) Ship_Position -= new Vector2(0.0f, 2 * tangentialVelocity); } if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Q)) { if (cam.Zoom < 2f) cam.Zoom += 0.05f; } if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.A)) { if (cam.Zoom > 0.3f) cam.Zoom -= 0.05f; } } } }

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  • Capturing Alt+PrintScreen hot key and clipboard contents

    - by kusanagi
    I setup catching hotkey on alt+printscreen. It catches perfectly but there is nothing in the buffer - no image. How can I get the image from Clipboard.GetImage() after catching hotkey? Here is the the code. using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace Magic_Screenshot { public enum ModifierKey : uint { MOD_NULL = 0x0000, MOD_ALT = 0x0001, MOD_CONTROL = 0x0002, MOD_SHIFT = 0x0004, MOD_WIN = 0x0008, } public enum HotKey { PrintScreen, ALT_PrintScreen, CONTROL_PrintScreen } public class HotKeyHelper : IMessageFilter { const string MSG_REGISTERED = "??????? ??????? ??? ????????????????, ???????? UnRegister ??? ?????? ???????????."; const string MSG_UNREGISTERED = "??????? ??????? ?? ????????????????, ???????? Register ??? ???????????."; //?????? ?? ?????? ?????? singleton public HotKeyHelper() { } //public static readonly HotKeyHelper Instance = new HotKeyHelper(); public bool isRegistered; ushort atom; //ushort atom1; ModifierKey modifiers; Keys keyCode; public void Register(ModifierKey modifiers, Keys keyCode) { //??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ? PreFilterMessage this.modifiers = modifiers; this.keyCode = keyCode; //?? ????????? ?? ??? ???????????? //if (isRegistered) // throw new InvalidOperationException(MSG_REGISTERED); //????????? atom, ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? atom = GlobalAddAtom(Guid.NewGuid().ToString()); //atom1 = GlobalAddAtom(Guid.NewGuid().ToString()); if (atom == 0) ThrowWin32Exception(); if (!RegisterHotKey(IntPtr.Zero, atom, modifiers, keyCode)) ThrowWin32Exception(); //if (!RegisterHotKey(IntPtr.Zero, atom1, ModifierKey.MOD_CONTROL, Keys.PrintScreen)) // ThrowWin32Exception(); //????????? ???? ? ??????? ???????? ????????? Application.AddMessageFilter(this); isRegistered = true; } public void UnRegister() { //?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????????? if (!isRegistered) throw new InvalidOperationException(MSG_UNREGISTERED); if (!UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr.Zero, atom)) ThrowWin32Exception(); GlobalDeleteAtom(atom); //??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? Application.RemoveMessageFilter(this); isRegistered = false; } //?????????? Win32Exception ? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ????????????? Win32 ??????? void ThrowWin32Exception() { throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); } //???????, ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??????? HotKeys public event HotKeyHelperDelegate HotKeyPressed; public bool PreFilterMessage(ref Message m) { //???????? ?? ????????? WM_HOTKEY if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY && //???????? ?? ???? m.HWnd == IntPtr.Zero && //???????? virtual key code m.LParam.ToInt32() >> 16 == (int)keyCode && //???????? ?????? ????????????? (m.LParam.ToInt32() & 0x0000FFFF) == (int)modifiers && //???????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????????? HotKeyPressed != null) { if ((m.LParam.ToInt32() & 0x0000FFFF) == (int)ModifierKey.MOD_CONTROL && (m.LParam.ToInt32() >> 16 == (int)Keys.PrintScreen)) { HotKeyPressed(this, EventArgs.Empty, HotKey.CONTROL_PrintScreen); } else if ((m.LParam.ToInt32() & 0x0000FFFF) == (int)ModifierKey.MOD_ALT && (m.LParam.ToInt32() >> 16 == (int)Keys.PrintScreen)) { HotKeyPressed(this, EventArgs.Empty, HotKey.ALT_PrintScreen); } else if (m.LParam.ToInt32() >> 16 == (int)Keys.PrintScreen) { HotKeyPressed(this, EventArgs.Empty, HotKey.PrintScreen); } } return false; } //??????????? Win32 ????????? ? ??????? const string USER32_DLL = "User32.dll"; const string KERNEL32_DLL = "Kernel32.dll"; const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312; [DllImport(USER32_DLL, SetLastError = true)] static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, ModifierKey fsModifiers, Keys vk); [DllImport(USER32_DLL, SetLastError = true)] static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id); [DllImport(KERNEL32_DLL, SetLastError = true)] static extern ushort GlobalAddAtom(string lpString); [DllImport(KERNEL32_DLL)] static extern ushort GlobalDeleteAtom(ushort nAtom); } } Where is the bug?

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  • An Xml Serializable PropertyBag Dictionary Class for .NET

    - by Rick Strahl
    I don't know about you but I frequently need property bags in my applications to store and possibly cache arbitrary data. Dictionary<T,V> works well for this although I always seem to be hunting for a more specific generic type that provides a string key based dictionary. There's string dictionary, but it only works with strings. There's Hashset<T> but it uses the actual values as keys. In most key value pair situations for me string is key value to work off. Dictionary<T,V> works well enough, but there are some issues with serialization of dictionaries in .NET. The .NET framework doesn't do well serializing IDictionary objects out of the box. The XmlSerializer doesn't support serialization of IDictionary via it's default serialization, and while the DataContractSerializer does support IDictionary serialization it produces some pretty atrocious XML. What doesn't work? First off Dictionary serialization with the Xml Serializer doesn't work so the following fails: [TestMethod] public void DictionaryXmlSerializerTest() { var bag = new Dictionary<string, object>(); bag.Add("key", "Value"); bag.Add("Key2", 100.10M); bag.Add("Key3", Guid.NewGuid()); bag.Add("Key4", DateTime.Now); bag.Add("Key5", true); bag.Add("Key7", new byte[3] { 42, 45, 66 }); TestContext.WriteLine(this.ToXml(bag)); } public string ToXml(object obj) { if (obj == null) return null; StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType()); ser.Serialize(sw, obj); return sw.ToString(); } The error you get with this is: System.NotSupportedException: The type System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089],[System.Object, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]] is not supported because it implements IDictionary. Got it! BTW, the same is true with binary serialization. Running the same code above against the DataContractSerializer does work: [TestMethod] public void DictionaryDataContextSerializerTest() { var bag = new Dictionary<string, object>(); bag.Add("key", "Value"); bag.Add("Key2", 100.10M); bag.Add("Key3", Guid.NewGuid()); bag.Add("Key4", DateTime.Now); bag.Add("Key5", true); bag.Add("Key7", new byte[3] { 42, 45, 66 }); TestContext.WriteLine(this.ToXmlDcs(bag)); } public string ToXmlDcs(object value, bool throwExceptions = false) { var ser = new DataContractSerializer(value.GetType(), null, int.MaxValue, true, false, null); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); ser.WriteObject(ms, value); return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray(), 0, (int)ms.Length); } This DOES work but produces some pretty heinous XML (formatted with line breaks and indentation here): <ArrayOfKeyValueOfstringanyType xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <KeyValueOfstringanyType> <Key>key</Key> <Value i:type="a:string" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Value</Value> </KeyValueOfstringanyType> <KeyValueOfstringanyType> <Key>Key2</Key> <Value i:type="a:decimal" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">100.10</Value> </KeyValueOfstringanyType> <KeyValueOfstringanyType> <Key>Key3</Key> <Value i:type="a:guid" xmlns:a="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">2cd46d2a-a636-4af4-979b-e834d39b6d37</Value> </KeyValueOfstringanyType> <KeyValueOfstringanyType> <Key>Key4</Key> <Value i:type="a:dateTime" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">2011-09-19T17:17:05.4406999-07:00</Value> </KeyValueOfstringanyType> <KeyValueOfstringanyType> <Key>Key5</Key> <Value i:type="a:boolean" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">true</Value> </KeyValueOfstringanyType> <KeyValueOfstringanyType> <Key>Key7</Key> <Value i:type="a:base64Binary" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Ki1C</Value> </KeyValueOfstringanyType> </ArrayOfKeyValueOfstringanyType> Ouch! That seriously hurts the eye! :-) Worse though it's extremely verbose with all those repetitive namespace declarations. It's good to know that it works in a pinch, but for a human readable/editable solution or something lightweight to store in a database it's not quite ideal. Why should I care? As a little background, in one of my applications I have a need for a flexible property bag that is used on a free form database field on an otherwise static entity. Basically what I have is a standard database record to which arbitrary properties can be added in an XML based string field. I intend to expose those arbitrary properties as a collection from field data stored in XML. The concept is pretty simple: When loading write the data to the collection, when the data is saved serialize the data into an XML string and store it into the database. When reading the data pick up the XML and if the collection on the entity is accessed automatically deserialize the XML into the Dictionary. (I'll talk more about this in another post). While the DataContext Serializer would work, it's verbosity is problematic both for size of the generated XML strings and the fact that users can manually edit this XML based property data in an advanced mode. A clean(er) layout certainly would be preferable and more user friendly. Custom XMLSerialization with a PropertyBag Class So… after a bunch of experimentation with different serialization formats I decided to create a custom PropertyBag class that provides for a serializable Dictionary. It's basically a custom Dictionary<TType,TValue> implementation with the keys always set as string keys. The result are PropertyBag<TValue> and PropertyBag (which defaults to the object type for values). The PropertyBag<TType> and PropertyBag classes provide these features: Subclassed from Dictionary<T,V> Implements IXmlSerializable with a cleanish XML format ToXml() and FromXml() methods to export and import to and from XML strings Static CreateFromXml() method to create an instance It's simple enough as it's merely a Dictionary<string,object> subclass but that supports serialization to a - what I think at least - cleaner XML format. The class is super simple to use: [TestMethod] public void PropertyBagTwoWayObjectSerializationTest() { var bag = new PropertyBag(); bag.Add("key", "Value"); bag.Add("Key2", 100.10M); bag.Add("Key3", Guid.NewGuid()); bag.Add("Key4", DateTime.Now); bag.Add("Key5", true); bag.Add("Key7", new byte[3] { 42,45,66 } ); bag.Add("Key8", null); bag.Add("Key9", new ComplexObject() { Name = "Rick", Entered = DateTime.Now, Count = 10 }); string xml = bag.ToXml(); TestContext.WriteLine(bag.ToXml()); bag.Clear(); bag.FromXml(xml); Assert.IsTrue(bag["key"] as string == "Value"); Assert.IsInstanceOfType( bag["Key3"], typeof(Guid)); Assert.IsNull(bag["Key8"]); //Assert.IsNull(bag["Key10"]); Assert.IsInstanceOfType(bag["Key9"], typeof(ComplexObject)); } This uses the PropertyBag class which uses a PropertyBag<string,object> - which means it returns untyped values of type object. I suspect for me this will be the most common scenario as I'd want to store arbitrary values in the PropertyBag rather than one specific type. The same code with a strongly typed PropertyBag<decimal> looks like this: [TestMethod] public void PropertyBagTwoWayValueTypeSerializationTest() { var bag = new PropertyBag<decimal>(); bag.Add("key", 10M); bag.Add("Key1", 100.10M); bag.Add("Key2", 200.10M); bag.Add("Key3", 300.10M); string xml = bag.ToXml(); TestContext.WriteLine(bag.ToXml()); bag.Clear(); bag.FromXml(xml); Assert.IsTrue(bag.Get("Key1") == 100.10M); Assert.IsTrue(bag.Get("Key3") == 300.10M); } and produces typed results of type decimal. The types can be either value or reference types the combination of which actually proved to be a little more tricky than anticipated due to null and specific string value checks required - getting the generic typing right required use of default(T) and Convert.ChangeType() to trick the compiler into playing nice. Of course the whole raison d'etre for this class is the XML serialization. You can see in the code above that we're doing a .ToXml() and .FromXml() to serialize to and from string. The XML produced for the first example looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <properties> <item> <key>key</key> <value>Value</value> </item> <item> <key>Key2</key> <value type="decimal">100.10</value> </item> <item> <key>Key3</key> <value type="___System.Guid"> <guid>f7a92032-0c6d-4e9d-9950-b15ff7cd207d</guid> </value> </item> <item> <key>Key4</key> <value type="datetime">2011-09-26T17:45:58.5789578-10:00</value> </item> <item> <key>Key5</key> <value type="boolean">true</value> </item> <item> <key>Key7</key> <value type="base64Binary">Ki1C</value> </item> <item> <key>Key8</key> <value type="nil" /> </item> <item> <key>Key9</key> <value type="___Westwind.Tools.Tests.PropertyBagTest+ComplexObject"> <ComplexObject> <Name>Rick</Name> <Entered>2011-09-26T17:45:58.5789578-10:00</Entered> <Count>10</Count> </ComplexObject> </value> </item> </properties>   The format is a bit cleaner than the DataContractSerializer. Each item is serialized into <key> <value> pairs. If the value is a string no type information is written. Since string tends to be the most common type this saves space and serialization processing. All other types are attributed. Simple types are mapped to XML types so things like decimal, datetime, boolean and base64Binary are encoded using their Xml type values. All other types are embedded with a hokey format that describes the .NET type preceded by a three underscores and then are encoded using the XmlSerializer. You can see this best above in the ComplexObject encoding. For custom types this isn't pretty either, but it's more concise than the DCS and it works as long as you're serializing back and forth between .NET clients at least. The XML generated from the second example that uses PropertyBag<decimal> looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <properties> <item> <key>key</key> <value type="decimal">10</value> </item> <item> <key>Key1</key> <value type="decimal">100.10</value> </item> <item> <key>Key2</key> <value type="decimal">200.10</value> </item> <item> <key>Key3</key> <value type="decimal">300.10</value> </item> </properties>   How does it work As I mentioned there's nothing fancy about this solution - it's little more than a subclass of Dictionary<T,V> that implements custom Xml Serialization and a couple of helper methods that facilitate getting the XML in and out of the class more easily. But it's proven very handy for a number of projects for me where dynamic data storage is required. Here's the code: /// <summary> /// Creates a serializable string/object dictionary that is XML serializable /// Encodes keys as element names and values as simple values with a type /// attribute that contains an XML type name. Complex names encode the type /// name with type='___namespace.classname' format followed by a standard xml /// serialized format. The latter serialization can be slow so it's not recommended /// to pass complex types if performance is critical. /// </summary> [XmlRoot("properties")] public class PropertyBag : PropertyBag<object> { /// <summary> /// Creates an instance of a propertybag from an Xml string /// </summary> /// <param name="xml">Serialize</param> /// <returns></returns> public static PropertyBag CreateFromXml(string xml) { var bag = new PropertyBag(); bag.FromXml(xml); return bag; } } /// <summary> /// Creates a serializable string for generic types that is XML serializable. /// /// Encodes keys as element names and values as simple values with a type /// attribute that contains an XML type name. Complex names encode the type /// name with type='___namespace.classname' format followed by a standard xml /// serialized format. The latter serialization can be slow so it's not recommended /// to pass complex types if performance is critical. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TValue">Must be a reference type. For value types use type object</typeparam> [XmlRoot("properties")] public class PropertyBag<TValue> : Dictionary<string, TValue>, IXmlSerializable { /// <summary> /// Not implemented - this means no schema information is passed /// so this won't work with ASMX/WCF services. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema GetSchema() { return null; } /// <summary> /// Serializes the dictionary to XML. Keys are /// serialized to element names and values as /// element values. An xml type attribute is embedded /// for each serialized element - a .NET type /// element is embedded for each complex type and /// prefixed with three underscores. /// </summary> /// <param name="writer"></param> public void WriteXml(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer) { foreach (string key in this.Keys) { TValue value = this[key]; Type type = null; if (value != null) type = value.GetType(); writer.WriteStartElement("item"); writer.WriteStartElement("key"); writer.WriteString(key as string); writer.WriteEndElement(); writer.WriteStartElement("value"); string xmlType = XmlUtils.MapTypeToXmlType(type); bool isCustom = false; // Type information attribute if not string if (value == null) { writer.WriteAttributeString("type", "nil"); } else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(xmlType)) { if (xmlType != "string") { writer.WriteStartAttribute("type"); writer.WriteString(xmlType); writer.WriteEndAttribute(); } } else { isCustom = true; xmlType = "___" + value.GetType().FullName; writer.WriteStartAttribute("type"); writer.WriteString(xmlType); writer.WriteEndAttribute(); } // Actual deserialization if (!isCustom) { if (value != null) writer.WriteValue(value); } else { XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(value.GetType()); ser.Serialize(writer, value); } writer.WriteEndElement(); // value writer.WriteEndElement(); // item } } /// <summary> /// Reads the custom serialized format /// </summary> /// <param name="reader"></param> public void ReadXml(System.Xml.XmlReader reader) { this.Clear(); while (reader.Read()) { if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && reader.Name == "key") { string xmlType = null; string name = reader.ReadElementContentAsString(); // item element reader.ReadToNextSibling("value"); if (reader.MoveToNextAttribute()) xmlType = reader.Value; reader.MoveToContent(); TValue value; if (xmlType == "nil") value = default(TValue); // null else if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(xmlType)) { // value is a string or object and we can assign TValue to value string strval = reader.ReadElementContentAsString(); value = (TValue) Convert.ChangeType(strval, typeof(TValue)); } else if (xmlType.StartsWith("___")) { while (reader.Read() && reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.Element) { } Type type = ReflectionUtils.GetTypeFromName(xmlType.Substring(3)); //value = reader.ReadElementContentAs(type,null); XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(type); value = (TValue)ser.Deserialize(reader); } else value = (TValue)reader.ReadElementContentAs(XmlUtils.MapXmlTypeToType(xmlType), null); this.Add(name, value); } } } /// <summary> /// Serializes this dictionary to an XML string /// </summary> /// <returns>XML String or Null if it fails</returns> public string ToXml() { string xml = null; SerializationUtils.SerializeObject(this, out xml); return xml; } /// <summary> /// Deserializes from an XML string /// </summary> /// <param name="xml"></param> /// <returns>true or false</returns> public bool FromXml(string xml) { this.Clear(); // if xml string is empty we return an empty dictionary if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(xml)) return true; var result = SerializationUtils.DeSerializeObject(xml, this.GetType()) as PropertyBag<TValue>; if (result != null) { foreach (var item in result) { this.Add(item.Key, item.Value); } } else // null is a failure return false; return true; } /// <summary> /// Creates an instance of a propertybag from an Xml string /// </summary> /// <param name="xml"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static PropertyBag<TValue> CreateFromXml(string xml) { var bag = new PropertyBag<TValue>(); bag.FromXml(xml); return bag; } } } The code uses a couple of small helper classes SerializationUtils and XmlUtils for mapping Xml types to and from .NET, both of which are from the WestWind,Utilities project (which is the same project where PropertyBag lives) from the West Wind Web Toolkit. The code implements ReadXml and WriteXml for the IXmlSerializable implementation using old school XmlReaders and XmlWriters (because it's pretty simple stuff - no need for XLinq here). Then there are two helper methods .ToXml() and .FromXml() that basically allow your code to easily convert between XML and a PropertyBag object. In my code that's what I use to actually to persist to and from the entity XML property during .Load() and .Save() operations. It's sweet to be able to have a string key dictionary and then be able to turn around with 1 line of code to persist the whole thing to XML and back. Hopefully some of you will find this class as useful as I've found it. It's a simple solution to a common requirement in my applications and I've used the hell out of it in the  short time since I created it. Resources You can find the complete code for the two classes plus the helpers in the Subversion repository for Westwind.Utilities. You can grab the source files from there or download the whole project. You can also grab the full Westwind.Utilities assembly from NuGet and add it to your project if that's easier for you. PropertyBag Source Code SerializationUtils and XmlUtils Westwind.Utilities Assembly on NuGet (add from Visual Studio) © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in .NET  CSharp   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • What can I use to read keyboard codes on Mac OS X?

    - by cwd
    I'm trying to debug some keyboard combinations and shortcuts in iTerm2 and am looking for a program to read keyboard codes. Is there an app that I can run which will tell me the keyboard codes for the keys I'm pressing? The thing that is prompting this is I'm trying to replicate the control+a / control+e behavior in iTerm2 of moving the cursor to the start / end of the line - but using the arrow keys, but I can't seem to figure out the right keycodes to do this.

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  • How to insert registry entries from a .reg file into 32-bit registry, on 64-bit Windows

    - by garyo
    In 64-bit windows (Vista/7), there's HKLM/Software/Wow6432Node where all the 32-bit registry stuff is. If I have a .reg file with some keys in it, how can I tell regedit to import it into the 32-bit registry (under Wow6432Node) rather than the 64-bit registry? Even if I put the Wow6432 path into the registry keys in the .reg file, Windows "cleverly" ignores them and puts them in the main 64-bit registry.

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  • How to change remote desktop audio quality?

    - by Vili
    When listening to some music on my remote computer, the audio quality is low. I've found this: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Drivers32\Terminal Server\RDP There are two interesting keys: EnableMP3Codec - with 0x00001 MaxBandwidth - this is 0x000056b9 Does anybody know anything about these keys? How should they work? What if i set EMP3C to 0? What if i change MaxBandwidth to higher number? Should i change these on my local computer and/or on the remote computer?

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  • When connecting to a unix box, how does it know you have SSH setup on your desktop?

    - by Blankman
    When you use something like putty to connect to a linux box, and you setup your SSH keys etc. When connecting, how does it tell the server that you want to connect using your SSH keys? Is SSH running as a service on a particular port or does it simply pass your private-key and then the login service sees that and tries to connect using it? Just looking for a fairly high level understanding (with maybe some detail if you want to...)

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  • Tutorial for configuring OpenVPN [on hold]

    - by user2699451
    I have been through 10+ tutorials on setting up a OpenVPN, and each tutorial gives a different problem... Does anyone know of a decent and helpful website/tutorial which I could go to to get it set up? I have been battling through it for almost 2 months now. Yes, I have also bugged forums.openvpn, but I think I have "reached my post limit" with them. I have to configure it remotely via ssh. UPDATE: okay, I have been asked to be more clear on the topic I followed this tutorial (as a example) - http://www.servermom.com/how-to-build-openvpn-server-on-centos-6-x/732/ I had no issues setting up, etc. except when I boot into windows and run the OpenVPN GUI Client, it connects and gives this error: WARNING: Bad encapsulated packet length from peer (21331), which must be 0 and <= 1576 -- please ensure that --tun-mtu or --link-mtu is equal on both peers -- this condition could also indicate a possible active attack on the TCP link -- [Attemping restart...] Here is my server config: port 1194 #- port proto udp #- protocol dev tun tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1450 reneg-sec 0 ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/dh1024.pem plugin /usr/lib64/openvpn/plugin/lib/openvpn-auth-pam.so /etc/pam.d/login #- Co$ #plugin /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.so /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.cnf #- Uncomment$ client-cert-not-required username-as-common-name server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" keepalive 5 30 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status 1194.log verb 3 and my client config: client dev tun proto udp remote [server ip] 1194 # - Your server IP and OpenVPN Port resolv-retry infinite nobind tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1450 persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt auth-user-pass comp-lzo reneg-sec 0 verb 3 OpenVPN Client Log: Thu Oct 31 11:51:29 2013 OpenVPN 2.0.9 Win32-MinGW [SSL] [LZO] built on Oct 1 2006 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 IMPORTANT: OpenVPN's default port number is now 1194, based on an official port number assignment by IANA. OpenVPN 2.0-beta16 and earlier used 5000 as the default port. Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info. Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 LZO compression initialized Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1576 D:140 EF:40 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1576 D:1450 EF:44 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '2547efd2' Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '77cf0943' Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Attempting to establish TCP connection with x.x.x.x:1194 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCP connection established with x.x.x.x:1194 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: x.x.x.x:1194 // after this it just hangs, nothing happens So I dont know what I am doing wrong but I am getting a bit impatient and on each forum I post this, I get stupid/unrelated/unhelpful answers...

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  • Using OpenVPN, yet netflix.com blocks access

    - by user837848
    I have set up an OpenVPN server on a VPS in the USA and configured it to route all clients traffic through it. Everything seems to work fine regarding the VPN connection in gerneral. All ip lookup sites show me the us server's ip address and even hulu.com works(it won't work if you are not in the usa). But for some reason netflix.com says "Sorry, Netflix is not available in your country yet.". So I thought that netflix probably uses some more sophisticated ways to determine your location beyond just your ip address. But I could not find a way to get it to work until I dropped the idea of using a VPN and instead connected to the server via a simple socks tunnel with ssh by running: ssh -D 9999 user@serverip All I had to do was changing the key network.proxy.socks_remote_dns in Firefox from false to true to prevent DNS leaks and setting up the socks proxy. Then I could finally watch netflix.com. As a result I concluded that there is nothing in the browser(or something like system timezone) that tells netflix the location, so it has to have something to do with the OpenVPN config. After that I used tcpdump to log all the traffic on the server's network interface venet0 (OpenVZ VPS), visited netflix.com on the client while first connected to the VPN and then connected via socks tunnel and afterwards compared both outputs. The only thing that caught my eye was that while using the socks tunnel the server mainly used ipv6 to connect to netflix whereas it only used ipv4 when the client was connected to the OpenVPN server. But I don't get how that could make such a difference. So what am I missing? Is there a way to configure OpenVPN to also use ipv6 to connect to a website although there is only an ipv4 connection between the VPS and the client? Here is the server.conf of the OpenVPN server (OpenVZ VPS) local serverip port 443 proto tcp dev tun ca ./easy-rsa2/keys/ca.crt cert ./easy-rsa2/keys/vps1.crt key ./easy-rsa2/keys/vps1.key # This file should be kept secret dh ./easy-rsa2/keys/dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret cipher AES-256-CBC comp-lzo max-clients 4 user nobody group nogroup persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log log-append openvpn.log verb 3 iptables forwarding iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o venet0 -j SNAT --to-source serverip (enabled ipv4 forwarding) I have tried everything always on a Win7 and a Debian client with only ipv4 connections and always made sure that they use the correct DNS server (tested with ipleak.net and tcpdump / wireshark). client.conf: client dev tun proto tcp remote serverip 443 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key ns-cert-type server tls-auth ta.key 1 cipher AES-256-CBC comb-lzo verb 3

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  • Which keymap to use for wired mac keyboard in Gentoo Linux?

    - by Absolute0
    I just purchase the new wired mac keyboard: Running on Gentoo Linux it works mostly fine. The only problem i am having is the function keys and swapping the alt and command keys to resemble a regular pc keyboard. When I tried switching to the "mac-us" keymap in /etc/conf.d/keymaps I got garbage when typing (not even qwerty). Is there any specific keymap that I can use to get what I want?

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  • Control mouse with keyboard in Ubuntu

    - by WishCow
    I'm looking for a program that I can use to control the mouse from the keyboard. I think a video can explain it much better that I could, so please check out Mouser from lifehacker.com: http://lifehacker.com/212816/hack-attack-operate-your-mouse-with-your-keyboard Unfortunately, it's only for Windows, but something this would be the perfect solution. I found a lot of help on mapping keys to programs, but nothing about mapping keys to mouse control.

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  • Keyboard similar to laptop keyboards for a desktop

    - by Yktula
    I want to use a keyboard that requires minimal effort pushing down with minimal (if any at all) space between keys. I like the new Apple keyboards, but I want something closer to the feel of a laptop keyboard (the keys on the Apple keyboards are still raised up a bit). Are there any that fit this description?

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  • eAccelerator settings for PHP/Centos/Apache

    - by bobbyh
    I have eAccelerator installed on a server running Wordpress using PHP/Apache on CentOS. I am occassionally getting persistent "white pages", which presumably are PHP Fatal Errors (although these errors don't appear in my error_log). These "white pages" are sprinkled here and there throughout the site. They persist until I go to my eAccelerator control.php page and clear/clean/purge my caches, which suggests to me that I've configured eAccelerator improperly. Here are my current /etc/php.ini settings: memory_limit = 128M; eaccelerator.shm_size="64", where shm.size is "the amount of shared memory eAccelerator should allocate to cache PHP scripts" (see http://eaccelerator.net/wiki/Settings) eaccelerator.shm_max="0", where shm_max is "the maximum size a user can put in shared memory with functions like eaccelerator_put ... The default value is "0" which disables the limit" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0" - "When eAccelerator doesn't have enough free shared memory to cache a new script it will remove all scripts from shared memory cache that haven't been accessed in at least shm_ttl seconds. By default this value is set to "0" which means that eAccelerator won't try to remove any old scripts from shared memory." eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0" - "When eAccelerator doesn't have enough free shared memory to cache a script it tries to remove old scripts if the previous try was made more then "shm_prune_period" seconds ago. Default value is "0" which means that eAccelerator won't try to remove any old script from shared memory." eaccelerator.keys = "shm_only" - "These settings control the places eAccelerator may cache user content. ... 'shm_only' cache[s] data in shared memory" On my phpinfo page, it says: memory_limit 128M Version 0.9.5.3 and Caching Enabled true On my eAccelerator control.php page, it says 64 MB of total RAM available Memory usage 77.70% (49.73MB/ 64.00MB) 27.6 MB is used by cached scripts in the PHP opcode cache (I added up the file sizes myself) 22.1 MB is used by the cache keys, which is populated by the Wordpress object cache. My questions are: Is it true that there is only 36.4 MB of room in the eAccelerator cache for total "cache keys" (64 MB of total RAM minus whatever is taken by cached scripts, which is 27.6 MB at the moment)? What happens if my app tries to write more than 22.1 MB of cache keys to the eAccelerator memory cache? Does this cause eAccelerator to go crazy, like I've seen? If I change eaccelerator.shm_max to be equal to (say) 32 MB, would that avoid this problem? Do I also need to change shm_ttl and shm_prune_period to make eAccelerator respect the MB limit set by shm_max? Thanks! :-)

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  • IIS URL Rewrite Module Query String Parameters

    - by binarycoder
    Is it possible to use URL Rewrite to provide more complex query string functionality than the "Append query string" checkbox that it has? Specifically, is it possible to specify the keys for certain query string parameters and have it only append those name value pairs. For example, for the input: http://www.example.org/test?alpha=1&beta=2&gamma=3 and the list of query string parameter keys: beta gamma it should output: http://www.example.org/redirect?beta=2&gamma=3 (Note that the query string parameters in the input appear in arbitrary order.)

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  • Diagnosing a Memcache server with a high cache miss rate

    - by Hobozilla
    Hi Guys, What tools are available to debug a memcache server with a high miss rate (62%)? Ideally I would like to know the keys for the top cache misses, but I would just settle for seeing the keys of live get requests and working it out from there. I have tried a few web based things (phpMemcache) but it doesn't have the information I need. I also tried statsproxy-1.0 which appeared to do what I need but would not play ball. Many thanks

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  • windows xp - shift key pops up a menu

    - by shachar
    Helo all! A wierd shift-key problem, for which all I found was sticky keys answers First of all, I have all the sticky keys and related, Disabled. Every windows that is currently in focus, if I press the left shift-key alone, pops up the current window menu. I have no idea how and why this has happened, or how to disable it. I could not find any reference in google about it (perhaps my search-string was not good..) any help would be appriciated

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  • Sublime Text 2 + Eval in REPL

    - by user330121
    Using sublime text 2 on windows 8, I've set my key-bindings to: [ { "keys": ["ctrl+alt+f"], "args": { "id": "repl_f#", "file": "config/F/Main.sublime-menu" }, "command": "run_existing_window_command" }, { "keys": ["ctrl+shift+enter"], "args": { "scope": "selection" }, "command": "repl_transfer_current" } ] But when I press "ctrl+shift+enter" I get the following error. Does anyone know how to resolve this? Traceback (most recent call last): File ".\sublime_plugin.py", line 356, in run_ File ".\text_transfer.py", line 123, in run File ".\sublimerepl.py", line 437, in find_repl File ".\repls\subprocess_repl.py", line 185, in is_alive File ".\subprocess.py", line 705, in poll File ".\subprocess.py", line 874, in _internal_poll WindowsError: [Error 6] The handle is invalid

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  • How to convert image into unicode

    - by Zahida Raeesi
    Hello there: I have created a Baluchi keyboard via ARABIC keyboard. But there are few keys not available in Arabic too. I tried different combination of keys to fulfill my requirement but now issue is that for a specific key there is no unicode combination available in UNICODE chart. plz help me out to covert this image in proper UNICODE text so that I can update my Baluchi keyboard Looking forward for your prompt and positive response with best regards, Raji Baloch

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  • tc rules block traffic from some hosts at network

    - by user139430
    I have a problem I can not solve. The script, which sets the rules for traffic shaping is blocking the traffic from some hosts.If I remove all the rules, then it works. I can not understand why? Here is my script... #!/bin/sh cmdTC=/sbin/tc rateLANDl="60mbit" ceilLANDl="60mbit" rateLANUl="40mbit" ceilLANUl="40mbit" quantLAN="1514" # Nowaday bandwidth limit set to 100mbit. # We devide it with 60mbit download and 40mbit upload bandthes. rateHiDl="30mbit" ceilHiDl="60mbit" rateHiUl="20mbit" ceilHiUl="40mbit" quantHi="1514" rateLoDl="30mbit" ceilLoDl="60mbit" rateLoUl="20mbit" ceilLoUl="40mbit" quantLo="1514" devNIF=eth0 devFIF=ifb0 modprobe ifb ip link set $devFIF up 2>/dev/null #exit 0 ################################################################################################ # Remove discuiplines from network and fake interfaces ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc del dev $devNIF root 2>/dev/null $cmdTC qdisc del dev $devFIF root 2>/dev/null $cmdTC qdisc del dev $devNIF ingress 2>/dev/null if [ "$1" = "down" ]; then exit 0 fi ################################################################################################ # Create discuiplines for network interface ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF root handle 1:0 htb default 12 # Create classes for network interface $cmdTC class add dev $devNIF parent 1:0 classid 1:1 htb rate ${rateLANDl} ceil ${ceilLANDl} quantum ${quantLAN} $cmdTC class add dev $devNIF parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate ${rateHiDl} ceil ${ceilHiDl} quantum ${quantHi} $cmdTC class add dev $devNIF parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate ${rateLoDl} ceil ${ceilLoDl} quantum ${quantLo} $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF parent 1:11 handle 111: sfq perturb 10 $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF parent 1:12 handle 112: sfq perturb 10 # Create filters for network interface $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF protocol all parent 1:0 u32 match ip dst 10.252.2.0/24 flowid 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF protocol all parent 111: handle 111 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024 baseclass 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF protocol all parent 112: handle 112 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024 baseclass 1:12 ################################################################################################ # Create discuiplines for fake interface ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devFIF root handle 1:0 htb default 12 # Create classes for network interface $cmdTC class add dev $devFIF parent 1:0 classid 1:1 htb rate ${rateLANUl} ceil ${ceilLANUl} quantum ${quantLAN} $cmdTC class add dev $devFIF parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate ${rateHiUl} ceil ${ceilHiUl} quantum ${quantHi} $cmdTC class add dev $devFIF parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate ${rateLoUl} ceil ${ceilLoUl} quantum ${quantLo} $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devFIF parent 1:11 handle 111: sfq perturb 10 $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devFIF parent 1:12 handle 112: sfq perturb 10 # Create filters for network interface $cmdTC filter add dev $devFIF protocol all parent 1:0 u32 match ip src 10.252.2.0/24 flowid 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devFIF protocol all parent 111: handle 111 flow hash keys src divisor 1024 baseclass 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devFIF protocol all parent 112: handle 112 flow hash keys src divisor 1024 baseclass 1:12 ################################################################################################ # Create redirect discuiplines from network to fake interface ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF handle ffff:0 ingress $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF parent ffff:0 protocol all u32 match u32 0 0 action mirred egress redirect dev $devFIF Here is my /etc/modules: loop ifb ppp_mppe nf_conntrack_pptp nt_conntrack_proto_gre nf_nat_pptp nf_nat_proto_gre The system is Linux wall 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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  • Model M Keyboard inputs incorrect characters after logging in to Fedora

    - by mickburkejnr
    I recently bought a 24 year old IBM Model M keyboard. From what I gather, it'd been left on a shelf for the last 5 years, so you can imagine the amount of dust dirt and crap that was on it. Before cleaning it, I plugged it in to my laptop (running Fedora 17) using a PS/2 to USB adapter. What I found was, while it still works, the keys I press don't correspond to what is displayed on the screen. So for example, when I type S on the keyboard, I get ß display on the screen instead. At the time, I put this down to the adapter not working properly. Since then, I stripped the keys off the keyboard and cleaned the whole thing. It looks like it's just come out of a box! I then plugged it in to my computer (also running Fedora 17) via a standard PS/2 plug. The computer loaded up to the login screen, and I typed in my password. Pressed enter, and I logged straight in to my machine. At this point, I opened up a text editor and started typing some stuff. To my horror, the keystrokes I was entering weren't coming up as intended. What came up instead were characters that would map to the pressed key but only under a different keyboard language setting. I opened up a program to see what keyboard language had been selected, and the correct one for the keyboard was selected (which is UK in my case). I opened up a window that would show what characters mapped to what keys, and I pressed every single key on the keyboard, and every corresponding block representing each key lit up. I went back to the text editor to try again, but I was still getting these random characters. Whats more is that the backspace key would not work, although in the other utility it would flash when pressed. What I know is that at the login screen the keyboard must have entered the correct characters, otherwise I wouldn't have been able to log in. Further more, keys that don't respond while using a text editor as sending signals to the computer, as illustrated in that keyboard utility. The question is why random characters are displayed when they really shouldn't be? Would this be a hardware fault or a software issue?

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