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• Various problems with software raid1 array built with Samsung 840 Pro SSDs

  - by Andy B

  I am bringing to ServerFault a problem that is tormenting me for 6+ months. I have a CentOS 6 (64bit) server with an md software raid-1 array with 2 x Samsung 840 Pro SSDs (512GB). Problems: Serious write speed problems: root [~]# time dd if=arch.tar.gz of=test4 bs=2M oflag=sync 146+1 records in 146+1 records out 307191761 bytes (307 MB) copied, 23.6788 s, 13.0 MB/s real 0m23.680s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.932s When doing the above (or any other larger copy) the load spikes to unbelievable values (even over 100) going up from ~ 1. When doing the above I've also noticed very weird iostat results: Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.00 1589.50 0.00 54.00 0.00 13148.00 243.48 0.60 11.17 0.46 2.50 sdb 0.00 1627.50 0.00 16.50 0.00 9524.00 577.21 144.25 1439.33 60.61 100.00 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 0.00 0.00 0.00 1602.00 0.00 12816.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 And it keeps it this way until it actually writes the file to the device (out from swap/cache/memory). The problem is that the second SSD in the array has svctm and await roughly 100 times larger than the second. For some reason the wear is different between the 2 members of the array root [~]# smartctl --attributes /dev/sda | grep -i wear 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 094% 094 000 Pre-fail Always - 180 root [~]# smartctl --attributes /dev/sdb | grep -i wear 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 070% 070 000 Pre-fail Always - 1005 The first SSD has a wear of 6% while the second SSD has a wear of 30%!! It's like the second SSD in the array works at least 5 times as hard as the first one as proven by the first iteration of iostat (the averages since reboot): Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 10.44 51.06 790.39 125.41 8803.98 1633.11 11.40 0.33 0.37 0.06 5.64 sdb 9.53 58.35 322.37 118.11 4835.59 1633.11 14.69 0.33 0.76 0.29 12.97 md1 0.00 0.00 1.88 1.33 15.07 10.68 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 0.00 0.00 1109.02 173.12 10881.59 1620.39 9.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.01 3.10 0.02 7.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 What I've tried: I've updated the firmware to DXM05B0Q (following reports of dramatic improvements for 840Ps after this update). I have looked for "hard resetting link" in dmesg to check for cable/backplane issues but nothing. I have checked the alignment and I believe they are aligned correctly (1MB boundary, listing below) I have checked /proc/mdstat and the array is Optimal (second listing below). root [~]# fdisk -ul /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders, total 1000215216 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00026d59 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 4196351 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 * 4196352 4605951 204800 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 4605952 814106623 404750336 fd Linux raid autodetect root [~]# fdisk -ul /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders, total 1000215216 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0003dede Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb2 * 4196352 4605951 204800 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb3 4605952 814106623 404750336 fd Linux raid autodetect /proc/mdstat root # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 204736 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] 404750144 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] 2096064 blocks super 1.1 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: Running a read test with hdparm root [~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 664 MB in 3.00 seconds = 221.33 MB/sec root [~]# hdparm -t /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing buffered disk reads: 288 MB in 3.01 seconds = 95.77 MB/sec But look what happens if I add --direct root [~]# hdparm --direct -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 788 MB in 3.01 seconds = 262.08 MB/sec root [~]# hdparm --direct -t /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 534 MB in 3.02 seconds = 176.90 MB/sec Both tests increase but /dev/sdb doubles while /dev/sda increases maybe 20%. I just don't know what to make of this. As suggested by Mr. Wagner I've done another read test with dd this time and it confirms the hdparm test: root [/home2]# dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null bs=1G count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10737418240 bytes (11 GB) copied, 38.0855 s, 282 MB/s root [/home2]# dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null bs=1G count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10737418240 bytes (11 GB) copied, 115.24 s, 93.2 MB/s So sda is 3 times faster than sdb. Or maybe sdb is doing also something else besides what sda does. Is there some way to find out if sdb is doing more than what sda does? UPDATE Again, as suggested by Mr. Wagner, I have swapped the 2 SSDs. And as he thought it would happen, the problem moved from sdb to sda. So I guess I'll RMA one of the SSDs. I wonder if the cage might be problematic. What is wrong with this array? Please help!

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• Intel Rapid Storage Technology - Raid5 is very slow

  - by Cederstrom

  Hi, I build a computer with a raid5, using the motherboards raid controller (ASUS P7H57D-V EVO - intel Rapid Storage Technology). The read and write are however very slow, when using the raid controller :( - I am using Windows 2008 R2, and when using the windows software raid, it was ok in speed - so there must be an issue with the controller? Im using 6 disks on 2TB each. Do anyone have any idea why its so slow, and how to fix it? I rather not pick the easy solutiuon of "just buy a raid controller" :| If you need more info about my setup, please just ask. Thanks :)

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• ASUS K55VM Laptop unexpectedly shuts down

  - by Abhishek Sha

  I've read quite a few questions on SuperUser of people having laptop shutdown problems but mine is different. My laptop specs: Intel Core i7 3610QM (IvyBridge) NVIDIA GT630M 2GB and Intel GMA4000 8GB RAM Windows 7 64 Bit My laptop occasionally shuts down when playing FarCry 3. It's around 5 months old. I've played games like Crysis and it never shuts down unexpectedly. Since I experienced this shut down recently, I decided for GPU-Z to log the temperatures. The final log value at the time of shutdown were thus: GPU Core Clock [MHz] - 797.3 GPU Memory Clock [MHz] - 896.8 GPU Temperature [°C] - 89.0 GPU Load [%] - 99 Memory Controller Load [%] - 36 Video Engine Load [%] - 0 Memory Usage (Dedicated) [MB] - 535 Memory Usage (Dynamic) [MB] - 53 VDDC [V] - 1.0620 My drivers are up-to-date and I didn't encounter any BSODs at the time of shut down. It simply turns off.

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• Drive Shows No Files But Half Space Gone

  - by Chance Robertson

  I have a 500 GB USB drive. When I go to Windows Explorer or Finder, the drive shows that about half the drive is free. However, when I open either drive in Windows 7 or OS X, no files how up. I have tried to look at the files through the command line and nothing shows. A while back, I hooked it up to my MacBookPro and there was a quick message that said the drive was not ejected properly, blah, blah. And of course I did not read the message and hit OK. It there any way to get back my files from the drive?

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• nike ocr twitter api rsvp software not working

  - by daniel

  I recently purchased an OCR program that reads through Nike's Twitter page and takes a circled word out of a picture and sends it back in a Twitter DM. However, it recently stopped working, probably because the person whom I bought it from deleted the server and hasn't responded to my emails. It is a Twitter API app. It still goes through the tweets and I can enter usernames, but it does not read the image anymore nor send a DM. If anyone knows how I can go about fixing this, it would be a huge help. Here is the program website: http://rsvpocr.nanoworking.com

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• Complete solution to upgrade PostgreSQL on debian production server

  - by Daimon

  I'm using Debian 6 (Squeeze) in production for a couple of websites. I decided to use postgresql backports so that I could use PostgreSQL 9.0 features. I thought that it would remain 9.0 and receive updates to that major version. Unfortunetly Squueze backports were updated to PostgreSQL 9.1 so probably I won't receive updates to 9.0. I'm planning upgrading to 9.1 but I know that it's not done automatically. I've read about official pg_upgrade and debian's pg_upgradecluster, but I would appreciate complete guide to upgrade. What are steps to do (first apt-get install postgresql, then pg_upgradecluster, then remove old cluster)? List of steps would be nice. What are possible failure scenarios? How to prepare to failures and react on them? I can stop database for a couple of hours only so I want to be prepared

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• Wiki on a pendrive - should work with any OS

  - by Florian Pilz

  Hello, I want to have an "extended memory" and want to accomplish that with an wiki on an pendrive. I already decided to use PmWiki, but if another wiki solves my problem that would be fine. The issue is: If I install an Apache on an pendrive, it depends on the running operating system. Because I'm using Windows & Linux (and will use Mac in the future) it is crucial for me to be platform independent. I read this article. DokuWiki is for Windows only and MoinMoin needs Python installed (which would be possible on my PCs, but not on public ones). Every help for my "extended memory" is appreciated. PS: As a last resort I could host a wiki on my webpage, which would be accessible everywhere. But I just see a challenge in trying it on a pendrive.

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• Is there any way to search within OneNote 2007 attachments

  - by jtolle

  I'm starting to use OneNote (2007) more. One thing I'd like to do is take notes on papers I have read. That is, I attach, say, a PDF file, and then type in some notes about it. Sometimes I do other stuff like copy some key text or figures from the paper, so OneNote is great for this because all that plus my own notes plus the file itself can all be in one place. However, the OneNote search doesn't seem to be able to search within said PDF files. Windows search finds things, but just in the OneNote cache, not the actual Onenote .one files. (Presumably that will only work for recently accessed stuff, and in any case doesn't take me to my actual notes.) Is there a way to do what I want? If not, does anyone have a suggestion (or link) as to how to best use OneNote to store (and later search for!) this kind of content and notes?

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• Ubuntu, user can't write to a directory and I don't see why not.

  - by Peter

  I've got a directory, /var/www/someProject/backup/mysql, and I want the user mysql to write to it. Each time I try to write to it with the mysql user, I get a "can't read/write" error. Yet the directory is 777 as you can see here: drwxrwxrwx 2 aUser users 4096 2010-03-17 17:14 mysql I also tried to chown the directory to mysql:mysql, just like the home dir of the mysql user, but no luck, that changed nothing. What am I doing wrong here? Or is the mysql user limited to his home dir in some other way in Ubuntu? Been bugging me for days now, this problem so any help greatly appreciated.

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• Book recommendation for learning server management and Apache

  - by japancheese

  Hello, I'm currently managing a site that I feel could be optimized and utilized to be much faster, however, I'm having difficulty finding reliable information to do it. I find the Apache documentation to be a hard read, and too technical about things I don't have a strong grasp on. I'm just looking for a good beginner/intermediate book about server administration to learn as much as possible about Apache, as well as how to create a nice secure, robust server that doesn't crash at the first hint of unusual traffic surges. Thanks to anyone who can point me in the right direction.

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• Best filesystem for an external drive? ExFAT?

  - by GiH

  What is the best filesystem for use with multiple OS's? I saw this question but its old and doesn't take into account ExFAT. Here is what I know from my findings: NTFS - Can't write from Mac FAT32 - Doesn't support files larger than 4GB HFS - Only mac ExFAT - ??? I don't know much about this but it seems like it got rid of the 4GB limit of FAT32 and can be read on Windows, Mac, and Linux. Is ExFAT the best bet? I tried formatting the drive in ExFAT just now, but on Windows XP SP3 it was showing up as not formatted... It seems to me like FAT32 is still the best, but I wanted to see what other people had to say.

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• install grub on disk image

  - by Dima

  I have disk image with 2 partitions: Partition 1 has cramfs file system (read only). This partition contains all system files of the OS Partition 2 has ext3 file system. This partition has only configuration files that may be changed. How can I install GRUB1 boot loader on MBR. I tried to copy first 446 bytes of my hard disk and copy GRUB files to the /boot directory on the 1st (cramfs) partition. I cannot use grub-install because I have disk image and not disk itself. Any ideas?

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• PHP + IIS Application Pool Identity Windows\Temp permissions

  - by Matt Boothman

  I am currently running PHP (5.3) on IIS 7.5 on a Win2k8 R2 Web Edition Server and would like to know what, if any, problems or security vulnerabilities I may introduct into a system by assigning Read, Write, Modify & Execute permissions to either IUSR account or the IIS_USERS group for %SystemRoot%\Temp? Should I be altering permissions to that folder at all (as Windows reminds me I probably shouldn't when i attempt to change them)? Should I create a temp folder somewhere else and set permissions accordingly? The problem is when i set Anonymous Authentication (I'm guessing is a more secure option???) to use the App Pool identity, when starting sessions PHP gets stuck in a loop because it's unable to create session files in the %SystemRoot%\Temp folder due to lack of permission on the application pool user or IIS_USERS group. Another problem being ImageMagick (PHP Extension) is being denied access to %SystemRoot%\Temp to write temporary files so is throwing exceptions. I have tried searching Google however have not found anything that touches upon this subject specifically. Any help greatly appreciated.

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• Is there a way to identify the device data is being received from? (python)

  - by Ed Prince

  Summary I have an MT4000 device connected to my computer using the serial port ttyS0. This is broadcasting data which is being received and read by a udp listener written in Python. I am also sending data manually through the terminal using a bash script I wrote. The Goal Is it possible to identify the device being used? The aim is for a web-page to allow the user to select which device they wish to see the data being sent. I would rather achieve this by directly identifying the device rather than saying anything from ttyS0, in case a different device is plugged in on that port. The Answer Is this possible, and if so, how? Everything I have found so far, is on identifying through a specific port.

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• Is Family Tree Maker 2011 the right upgrade?

  - by bill weaver

  My father has used Family Tree Maker for years, but hasn't upgraded since version 11. It is difficult to tell from reviews at Amazon and other places whether upgrading to FTM 2011 is a good choice. File incompatibilities and upgrade woes sound like customer service is lacking, and i've read reports of it uploading your data to their database but then trying to sell you a download of data. Looking at the ancestry.com site makes me think it's solely about selling add-ons and upgrades. On the other hand, the feature set seems fairly rich and the software has a pretty strong following. I was able to get Gramps working on my system, but that's not going to work for my dad. Any advice on a good upgrade path? Doesn't necessarily have to be FTM. The only requirement is a way to import his existing data.

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• Using Powershell's Invoke-command to install .exe on remote computer

  - by Bernie

  I have an .exe I would like to install on a large farm of Windows Server 2008 computers. I am attempting to use Powershell remoting. I have this command which works locally: invoke-command {& "N:\Temp\fortify_installer\HP-Fortify-3.20-Analyzers_and_Apps-Windows-x86.exe /s /f1N:\Temp\fortify_installer\response.iss"} But when I add the -computername flag it seems to go off to nowhere, and the installer is never run on the remote machine. I can launch notepad.exe via the same command and it runs. Does it have something to do with it being an installer, or something else? I realize many versions of this question have been asked and I have read them, but I am still confused as to why this doesn't work.

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• Installing 2 DDR3 Sticks in MB with 4 Slots

  - by The Sasquatch

  Hey everyone, I just put together my first system that uses DDR3 memory. The motherboard I got is an ASUS M4A77T/USB3 and it has 4 DDR3 RAM slots. Looking in the manual for the MB it doesn't say anything about how to install the RAM as far as matching the pairs goes. I have 2 4GB sticks of RAM, and whether I put the sticks next to each other (of the 4 RAM slots, there are two blue ones next to each other and 2 black ones next to each other) or space them apart, The BIOS still shows that I have 8GB installed. I have been getting an IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL BSOD error, and have read in some other places that it could be hardware/RAM related. Does the RAM need to go in the A1, A2 slots (different colored but both A), or the A1 B1 slots? (A1 B1 are both the lovely blue color.) Any help would be awesome. THANKS!

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• Routing Essentials

  - by zharvey

  I'm a programmer trying to fill a big hole in my understanding of networking basics. I've been reading a good book (Networking Bible by Sosinki) but I have been finding that there is a lot of "assumed" information contained, where terms/concepts are thrown at the reader without a proper introduction to them. I understand that a "route" is a path through a network. But I am struggling with visualizing some routing-based concepts. Namely: How do routes actually manifest themselves in the hardware? Are they just a list of IP addresses that get computed at the network layer, and then executed by the transport? What kind of data exists in a so-caleld routing table? Is a routing-table just the mechanism for holding these lists of IP address (read above)? What are the performance pros/cons for having a static route, as opposed to a dynamic route?

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• Kaspersky processing error Explorer.exe (recycle bin)

  - by aeternus828

  I get daily critical errors from Kaspersky involving Explorer.exe... The file in question is almost always in the Recycle Bin, or something on the desktop. Here is an example error detail: Event type: Processing error Application\Name: EXPLORER.EXE Application\Path: C:\WINDOWS\ Application\Process ID: 2364 Application\Options: C:\windows\Explorer.EXE Component: File Anti-Virus Result\Description: Processing error Object: C:\$Recycle.Bin\S-1-5-21-1403139956-787289773-2644151291-500\$RIKKQKS Object\Type: File Object\Path: C:\$Recycle.Bin\S-1-5-21-1403139956-787289773-2644151291-500\ Object\Name: $RIKKQKS Reason: Read error Google searches didn't offer much insight, so I thought I'd ask here if anyone has encountered a similar situation. Not sure if it's a bug, something to be concerned about, or an easy fix, etc. I usually just empty the recycle bin for a temporary fix, but would like to get to the root of the error. Thoughts?

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• Snow Leopard, PHP, and MySQL

  - by Peter

  I have just installed Snow Leopard and now my PHP/MySQL program ends in a "Segmentation fault". I have been searching the web for a solution, I realize that there are some issues with SL/PHP/MySQL, but I have not found anything that works yet. I downloaded the binary MySQL package mysql-5.1.42-osx10.6-x86_64. I have updated the php.ini file as suggested at various posts. When I run PHP and connect to the MySQL server the behavior is a bit random. In many cases it works fine to connect and read data. In my specific case the PHP program constructs a LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE ... statement to load data from a text file. It should do several such queries after each other in a loop. It works one time but the halts in a "Segmentation fault". The program worked fine in Leopard, but not now. My versions are: OS 10.6.2, PHP 5.3.0, MySQL 5.1.42

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• Thunderbird: Synchronize tags

  - by fuenfundachtzig

  When I check my mail (via IMAP) on my laptop I'd like to see the same tags that I set when I checked my mail on my office computer. So the question is: Is it possible to synchronize user-specified mail tags between Thunderbird running on different computers? I've read that tags could be stored via IMAP on the server, so maybe it's just that the server of my mail provider does not support this IMAP feature? (Whichever it is...) Has anybody any experience with this? Related, but not my primary concern: Will there ever be a more flexible tagging system in Thunderbird which allows for an easier definition of new tags? (I.e. that a don't have to define new tags in the preferences menu, but can just type them in when reading a mail?)

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• subversion: enforce TLS

  - by Daniel Marschall

  Hello, I am running subversion on a Debian Squeeze system with Apache2 and mod_dav for viewing the contents with a webbrowser. I want to enforce the usage of TLS, so that the login data and the SVN contents cannot be read from the connection. I have tried following: <Location /svn> DAV svn SVNParentPath /daten/subversion/ # our access control policy AuthzSVNAccessFile /daten/subversion/access_control # try anonymous access first, resort to real # authentication if necessary. Satisfy Any Require valid-user # how to authenticate a user AuthType Basic AuthName "Subversion repository" AuthUserFile /daten/subversion/.htpasswd # Test SSLRequireSSL RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !443 RewriteRule ^svn/(.)$ https://www.viathinksoft.de/svn/$1 [R,L] </Location> at file /etc/apache2/conf.d/subversion.conf Alas, this does not work. There is no redirect and there is still a HTTP request working at /svn/(projectname)/(somefolder) . This SSL-enforce-policy should work for - viewing the contents with webbrowser - retrieve contents with TurtoiseSVN client - committing contents with TurtoiseSVN client Can you please help me? Regards Daniel Marschall

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• Thunderbird Reply2All mistake when having two addresses

  - by Bart van Heukelom

  I have a Gmail account and a second email address. The mail from this second address is forwarded to the Gmail address. I use Thunderbird to read my email, but there's a little problem with the Reply2All feature. See, I have one of the addresses registered as my email address in Thunderbird. If somebody sends me an email on the other address, and I click reply 2 all, it doesn't recognize that address as mine, so it adds it to the recipient list - I am mailing myself. Anything I can do to fix this? Some way to let TB recognize both addresses?

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• Custom one-key keyboard shortcuts in Outlook 2010?

  - by cksubs

  I'm a gmail junkie, and one of my favorite features is the keyboard shortcut "a" inside an email to archive the message. I can't remember if that was the default or if I set it to such a quick little keypress, but by now it's totally ingrained in my memory. I'm setting up Outlook 2010 for work, and set up a similar "quick step" to archive, mark as read, and mark as complete any email. It would be great, except for keyboard shortcuts they only give the option for "CTRL + SHIFT + 1" and other number key options. With a keyboard shortcut that convoluted, I'm not going to remember it and might as well just reach for my mouse. Is there any way to set custom keyboard shortcuts for Outlook 2010? I want one-key shortcuts, not 3-keys-at-once!

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• 2wire modem to linksys router

  - by Imajica666

  I want to hook a Linksys router to my 2wire modem/router (2701HG-b) to share my Internet connection. I ran from an open port from the 2wire to the WAN port of the Linksys but it will not work. I did this before with my cable modem to a router to my Linksys router. It worked then but not now. I read I can turn the 2 wire into a modem only but I need the 2wire wireless access also. IPCONFIG /ALL sees the 2wire with IP info as well as DHCP server/gateway. Any ideas?

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