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• HP Envy 14, Ubuntu 10.10 and trouble with the graphics cards

  - by Carsten Gehling

  A few days ago I bought a HP Envy 14, containing 2 graphics card: An integrated Intel graphics card, and an ATI HD 5650. I've installed Ubuntu 10.10 32-bit on the machine. Most things work fine out of the box, but the graphics cards are giving me trouble. When booting, I get the message "failed to get i915 symbols, graphics turbo disabled". Then the screen blanks out during the remaining boot period. I am able to get the display working by changing to one of the consoles, then closing and opening the laptop's lid. It seems that Ubuntu gets confused about which card to use. I've read here: http://www.andreas-demmer.de/en/2010/07/18/testbericht-linux-auf-dem-hp-envy-14 that I should be able to turn off one the cards by echoing keywords into /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch, but that path is not available on my system. The BIOS does not have any methods to switch of the ATI card. Help anyone? /Carsten

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• locate doesn't find all the files it should

  - by neubert

  I type in locate gmp.h at the prompt and get the following: /usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-24/include/linux/igmp.h /usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-24/include/uapi/linux/igmp.h /usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-24-generic/include/linux/igmp.h But when I do ls /usr/include/x86-64-linux-gnu/ I see this: a.out.h asm bits c++ fpu_control.h gmp.h gnu ieee754.h sys Why isn't locate locating /usr/include/x86-64-linux-gnu/gmp.h? edit: ls -l /usr/include/x64-64-linux-gnu/gmp.h says this: ls: cannot access /usr/include/x64-64-linux-gnu/gmp.h: No such file or diretory Why would ls /usr/include/x86-64-linux-gnu/ say it exists when ls -l /usr/include/x64-64-linux-gnu/gmp.h says it doesn't? A screenshot:

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• Installing ethernet drivers with no install package

  - by Josh

  I recently got my new Sony Vaio laptop and formatted it into Windows 7 Ultimate. I would like to use the Windows Easy Transfer Tool over a network connection to transfer some of my files over from my desktop PC. Before I do this though, I need to install the ethernet LAN drivers (I'm currently using the built in Wifi). I downloaded the original LAN driver that came with my Vaio originally from the Sony website: http://support.vaio.sony.eu/computing/vaio/downloads/preinstalled/index.aspx?l=en_GB&m=VPCEB1Z0E_B [Scroll down to the 450KB Ethernet driver] When I unzip the package, these files are inside: yk62x64.cat yk62x64.dll yk62x64.inf yk62x64.sys As you can see, no installer. Can anyone guide me through how to properly install these drivers? I have thought of using Google but I'm clueless as to what query to use. Thanks.

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• Setup routing and iptables for new VPN connection to redirect **only** ports 80 and 443

  - by Steve

  I have a new VPN connection (using openvpn) to allow me to route around some ISP restrictions. Whilst it is working fine, it is taking all the traffic over the vpn. This is causing me issues for downloading (my internet connection is a lot faster than the vpn allows), and for remote access. I run an ssh server, and have a daemon running that allows me to schdule downloads via my phone. I have my existing ethernet connection on eth0, and the new VPN connection on tun0. I believe I need to setup the default route to use my existing eth0 connection on the 192.168.0.0/24 network, and set the default gateway to 192.168.0.1 (my knowledge is shaky as I haven't done this for a number of years). If that is correct, then I'm not exactly sure how to do it!. My current routing table is: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface MSS Window irtt 0.0.0.0 10.51.0.169 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 0 0 0 10.51.0.1 10.51.0.169 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun0 0 0 0 10.51.0.169 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 0 0 0 85.25.147.49 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0 0 0 0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 0 0 0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 0 0 0 After fixing the routing, I believe I need to use iptables to configure prerouting or masquerading to force everything for destination port 80 or 443 over tun0. Again, I'm not exactly sure how to do this! Everything I've found on the internet is trying to do something far more complicated, and trying to sort the wood from the trees is proving difficult. Any help would be much appreciated. UPDATE So far, from the various sources, I've cobbled together the following: #!/bin/sh DEV1=eth0 IP1=`ifconfig|perl -nE'/dr:(\S+)/&&say$1'|grep 192.` GW1=192.168.0.1 TABLE1=internet TABLE2=vpn DEV2=tun0 IP2=`ifconfig|perl -nE'/dr:(\S+)/&&say$1'|grep 10.` GW2=`route -n | grep 'UG[ \t]' | awk '{print $2}'` ip route flush table $TABLE1 ip route flush table $TABLE2 ip route show table main | grep -Ev ^default | while read ROUTE ; do ip route add table $TABLE1 $ROUTE ip route add table $TABLE2 $ROUTE done ip route add table $TABLE1 $GW1 dev $DEV1 src $IP1 ip route add table $TABLE2 $GW2 dev $DEV2 src $IP2 ip route add table $TABLE1 default via $GW1 ip route add table $TABLE2 default via $GW2 echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr ip rule add from $IP1 lookup $TABLE1 ip rule add from $IP2 lookup $TABLE2 ip rule add fwmark 1 lookup $TABLE1 ip rule add fwmark 2 lookup $TABLE2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $DEV1 -j SNAT --to-source $IP1 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $DEV2 -j SNAT --to-source $IP2 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j CONNMARK --restore-mark iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j CONNMARK --restore-mark iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i $DEV1 -m state --state NEW -j CONNMARK --set-mark 1 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i $DEV2 -m state --state NEW -j CONNMARK --set-mark 2 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -m connmark --mark 1 -j MARK --set-mark 1 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -m connmark --mark 2 -j MARK --set-mark 2 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -m state --state NEW -m connmark ! --mark 0 -j CONNMARK --save-mark iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i $DEV2 -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j CONNMARK --set-mark 2 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i $DEV2 -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 443 -j CONNMARK --set-mark 2 route del default route add default gw 192.168.0.1 eth0 Now this seems to be working. Except it isn't! Connections to the blocked websites are going through, connections not on ports 80 and 443 are using the non-VPN connection. However port 80 and 443 connections that aren't to the blocked websites are using the non-VPN connection too! As the general goal has been reached, I'm relatively happy, but it would be nice to know why it isn't working exactly right. Any ideas? For reference, I now have 3 routing tables, main, internet, and vpn. The listing of them is as follows... Main: default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 10.38.0.1 via 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.38.0.206 85.removed via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0 scope link metric 1000 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.73 metric 1 Internet: default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 10.38.0.1 via 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.38.0.206 85.removed via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0 scope link metric 1000 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.73 metric 1 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 scope link src 192.168.0.73 VPN: default via 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 10.38.0.1 via 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 10.38.0.205 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.38.0.206 85.removed via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0 scope link metric 1000 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.73 metric 1

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• Toolkit & Habits for Linux Network & System Administration [closed]

  - by slashmais

  I am tasked with the administration of a small office network as well as several workstations running mostly Debian and Ubuntu. There are two servers: one database & print-server, and one backup & file server. Being relatively new to this side of things, knowing enough to help myself to some degree on Linux, I would like to know what software tools and tasks/habits I can use/acquire to learn this field and be effective while doings so. I don't need to know what is the best, just what a newbie sys-admin can use as a starter-pack to learn and use as a base to grow into proper system administration. [edit] What I need is those few basic tools to start with, and the kind of things I need to do regularly, e.g.: which logs to check, when & what to monitor, the kind of 'right' place to start and to which I can ad as I need.

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• Cross-platform, human-readable, du on root partition that truly ignores other filesystems

  - by nice_line

  I hate this so much: Linux builtsowell 2.6.18-274.7.1.el5 #1 SMP Mon Oct 17 11:57:14 EDT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux df -kh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/mpath0p2 8.8G 8.7G 90M 99% / /dev/mapper/mpath0p6 2.0G 37M 1.9G 2% /tmp /dev/mapper/mpath0p3 5.9G 670M 4.9G 12% /var /dev/mapper/mpath0p1 494M 86M 384M 19% /boot /dev/mapper/mpath0p7 7.3G 187M 6.7G 3% /home tmpfs 48G 6.2G 42G 14% /dev/shm /dev/mapper/o10g.bin 25G 7.4G 17G 32% /app/SIP/logs /dev/mapper/o11g.bin 25G 11G 14G 43% /o11g tmpfs 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /dev/vx lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_backup/epmxs1q1 686G 507G 180G 74% /rpmqa/backup lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/bisxs1q1 4.0G 1.6G 2.5G 38% /bisxs1q/rdoctl1 lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_backup/bisxs1q1 686G 507G 180G 74% /bisxs1q/backup lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_exp/bisxs1q1 2.0T 1.1T 984G 52% /bisxs1q/exp lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_home/bisxs1q1 10G 174M 9.9G 2% /bisxs1q/home lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_data/bisxs1q1 52G 5.2G 47G 10% /bisxs1q/oradata lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/bisxs1q2 4.0G 1.6G 2.5G 38% /bisxs1q/rdoctl2 ip-address1:/vol/oradb_home/cspxs1q1 10G 184M 9.9G 2% /cspxs1q/home ip-address2:/vol/oradb_backup/cspxs1q1 674G 314G 360G 47% /cspxs1q/backup ip-address2:/vol/oradb_redo/cspxs1q1 4.0G 1.5G 2.6G 37% /cspxs1q/rdoctl1 ip-address2:/vol/oradb_exp/cspxs1q1 4.1T 1.5T 2.6T 37% /cspxs1q/exp ip-address2:/vol/oradb_redo/cspxs1q2 4.0G 1.5G 2.6G 37% /cspxs1q/rdoctl2 ip-address1:/vol/oradb_data/cspxs1q1 160G 23G 138G 15% /cspxs1q/oradata lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_exp/epmxs1q1 2.0T 1.1T 984G 52% /epmxs1q/exp lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_home/epmxs1q1 10G 80M 10G 1% /epmxs1q/home lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_data/epmxs1q1 330G 249G 82G 76% /epmxs1q/oradata lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/epmxs1q2 5.0G 609M 4.5G 12% /epmxs1q/rdoctl2 lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/epmxs1q1 5.0G 609M 4.5G 12% /epmxs1q/rdoctl1 /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol1 183G 17G 157G 10% /slaxs1q/backup /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol4 173G 58G 106G 36% /slaxs1q/oradata /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol5 75G 952M 71G 2% /slaxs1q/exp /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol2 9.8G 381M 8.9G 5% /slaxs1q/home /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol6 4.0G 1.6G 2.2G 42% /slaxs1q/rdoctl1 /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol3 4.0G 1.6G 2.2G 42% /slaxs1q/rdoctl2 /dev/mapper/appoem 30G 1.3G 27G 5% /app/em Yet, I equally, if not quite a bit more, also hate this: SunOS solarious 5.10 Generic_147440-19 sun4u sparc SUNW,SPARC-Enterprise Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on kiddie001Q_rpool/ROOT/s10s_u8wos_08a 8G 7.7G 1.3G 96% / /devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab swap 15G 1.8M 15G 1% /etc/svc/volatile objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd kiddie001Q_rpool/ROOT/s10s_u8wos_08a/var 31G 8.3G 6.6G 56% /var swap 512M 4.6M 507M 1% /tmp swap 15G 88K 15G 1% /var/run swap 15G 0K 15G 0% /dev/vx/dmp swap 15G 0K 15G 0% /dev/vx/rdmp /dev/dsk/c3t4d4s0 3 20G 279G 41G 88% /fs_storage /dev/vx/dsk/oracle/ora10g-vol1 292G 214G 73G 75% /o10g /dev/vx/dsk/oec/oec-vol1 64G 33G 31G 52% /oec/runway /dev/vx/dsk/oracle/ora9i-vol1 64G 33G 31G 59% /o9i /dev/vx/dsk/home 23G 18G 4.7G 80% /export/home /dev/vx/dsk/dbwork/dbwork-vol1 292G 214G 73G 92% /db03/wk01 /dev/vx/dsk/oradg/ebusredovol 2.0G 475M 1.5G 24% /u21 /dev/vx/dsk/oradg/ebusbckupvol 200G 32G 166G 17% /u31 /dev/vx/dsk/oradg/ebuscrtlvol 2.0G 475M 1.5G 24% /u20 kiddie001Q_rpool 31G 97K 6.6G 1% /kiddie001Q_rpool monsterfiler002q:/vol/ebiz_patches_nfs/NSA0304 203G 173G 29G 86% /oracle/patches /dev/odm 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/odm The people with the authority don't rotate logs or delete packages after install in my environment. Standards, remediation, cohesion...all fancy foreign words to me. ============== How am I supposed to deal with / filesystem full issues across multiple platforms that have a devastating number of mounts? On Red Hat el5, du -x apparently avoids traversal into other filesystems. While this may be so, it does not appear to do anything if run from the / directory. On Solaris 10, the equivalent flag is du -d, which apparently packs no surprises, allowing Sun to uphold its legacy of inconvenience effortlessly. (I'm hoping I've just been doing it wrong.) I offer up for sacrifice my Frankenstein's monster. Tell me how ugly it is. Tell me I should download forbidden 3rd party software. Tell me I should perform unauthorized coreutils updates, piecemeal, across 2000 systems, with no single sign-on, no authorized keys, and no network update capability. Then, please help me make this bastard better: pwd / du * | egrep -v "$(echo $(df | awk '{print $1 "\n" $5 "\n" $6}' | \ cut -d\/ -f2-5 | egrep -v "[0-9]|^$|Filesystem|Use|Available|Mounted|blocks|vol|swap")| \ sed 's/ /\|/g')" | egrep -v "proc|sys|media|selinux|dev|platform|system|tmp|tmpfs|mnt|kernel" | \ cut -d\/ -f1-2 | sort -k2 -k1,1nr | uniq -f1 | sort -k1,1n | cut -f2 | xargs du -shx | \ egrep "G|[5-9][0-9]M|[1-9][0-9][0-9]M" My biggest failure and regret is that it still requires a single character edit for Solaris: pwd / du * | egrep -v "$(echo $(df | awk '{print $1 "\n" $5 "\n" $6}' | \ cut -d\/ -f2-5 | egrep -v "[0-9]|^$|Filesystem|Use|Available|Mounted|blocks|vol|swap")| \ sed 's/ /\|/g')" | egrep -v "proc|sys|media|selinux|dev|platform|system|tmp|tmpfs|mnt|kernel" | \ cut -d\/ -f1-2 | sort -k2 -k1,1nr | uniq -f1 | sort -k1,1n | cut -f2 | xargs du -shd | \ egrep "G|[5-9][0-9]M|[1-9][0-9][0-9]M" This will exclude all non / filesystems in a du search from the / directory by basically munging an egrepped df from a second pipe-delimited egrep regex subshell exclusion that is naturally further excluded upon by a third egrep in what I would like to refer to as "the whale." The munge-fest frantically escalates into some xargs du recycling where -x/-d is actually useful, and a final, gratuitous egrep spits out a list of directories that almost feels like an accomplishment: Linux: 54M etc/gconf 61M opt/quest 77M opt 118M usr/ ##===\ 149M etc 154M root 303M lib/modules 313M usr/java ##====\ 331M lib 357M usr/lib64 ##=====\ 433M usr/lib ##========\ 1.1G usr/share ##=======\ 3.2G usr/local ##========\ 5.4G usr ##<=============Ascending order to parent 94M app/SIP ##<==\ 94M app ##<=======Were reported as 7gb and then corrected by second du with -x. Solaris: 63M etc 490M bb 570M root/cores.ric.20100415 1.7G oec/archive 1.1G root/packages 2.2G root 1.7G oec Guess what? It's really slow. Edit: Are there any bash one-liner heroes out there than can turn my bloated abomination into divine intervention, or at least something resembling gingerly copypasta?

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• Munin "Available entropy" when using address space layout randomization

  - by clawspoon

  Having just configured Munin for statistics logging on my gentoo server (hardened profile), I am noticing that my "Available entropy" is consitently in the 200-300 range. This seems way to low, so I checked it manually using the command $ cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail 3544 Odd. Consistently very low values in Munin and practically filled up when checking manually. After thinking about the problem for a while I came to the conclusion that the problem is probably that I'm using Adress Space Layout Randomization which is using the entropy when running commands/programs. Since Munin runs a whole slew of programs all the entropy is used up, and Munin then measures how much entropy there is, resulting in the low values. Does anyone have any experience with this? How can this be avoided?

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• use of tcp_delack_min on redhat linux (kernel 2.6.18)

  - by user41466

  Hello, we're moving from Solaris to Redhat Linux, and trying to duplicate our low-latency setup, that, on solaris, includes the ndd settings related to TCP NO DELAY, and NAGLE ALGORITHM. I got the impression that those parameters are not all configurable system-wide, but still found some info. we have configured our applications to run with no nagle algorithm, but that is not sufficient. we have found an interesting RH article talking presenting the tcp_delack_min parameter, however, when browsing /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ , I can't find it there. would it be safe to assume that simply "adding" the parameter as it's said on the doc would be enough, or rather that the option is not supported by this version (would be strange, as RH specify that it "can be performed on a standard Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation") ? any other idea / recommendation to improve latency further ? thanks

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• How to find the /dev name of my USB device

  - by mustafa

  I am running Ubuntu 11 on VmWare on Windows XP. I want to format an SD card in Ubuntu. But, I can't figure out which /dev/xxx device the SD card is. I plug the card into the built-in socket of my laptop. I "safely remove" the device in Windows. Then, I "connect" the PCMCIA reader in VmWare. Now, I was supposing to see a new device like /dev/sdx. But, it doesn't appear :( How can I find what the name of my USB device's name and mount it? /var/log/message is empty. Here is the output of dmesg: [ 5268.927308] usb 2-1: new full speed USB device number 12 using uhci_hcd And, here is the last lines of /var/log/syslog: Oct 31 18:51:21 ubuntu kernel: [ 5268.927308] usb 2-1: new full speed USB device number 12 using uhci_hcd Oct 31 18:51:21 ubuntu mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 12: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-1" Oct 31 18:51:21 ubuntu mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 12 was not an MTP device

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• Targus USB-to-RS232 not working with Linux?

  - by Ethan Leroy

  I have the Targus PA088 USB to RS232 converter, but it seems that it does not work with linux. Its RX and TX lights are flashing, but I can't see the data in minicom/picocom. When using it with Windows and hterm, everything's fine. Any idea what could be the problem? Additional info: When I plug in the adapter, I can see the following messages in /var/log/messages.log Nov 25 01:47:31 localhost kernel: [ 831.787066] usb 2-1.1: new full speed USB device number 5 using ehci_hcd Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost kernel: [ 832.554810] mct_u232 2-1.1:1.0: MCT U232 converter detected Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost kernel: [ 832.555002] usb 2-1.1: MCT U232 converter now attached to ttyUSB0 Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 5: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.1" Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 5 was not an MTP device

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• Wrong Sound Blaster's PCI ID within Windows

  - by pavian

  I own Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium, it was working with no problems under Linux or Windows 7. It's original PCI ID is 1102:000b but now I see different within MS Windows. BIOS setup: 1102:000b GNU/Linux: 1102:000b Windows 7: 1102:000d Windows 8: 1102:000d In last days I'm experimenting with IOMMU PCI passthrough in Xen and I tried to pass this device to virtual Windows 7 and 8. Here I found this problem. I don't know if this is just coincidence or reason of my problem but it's wrong even in physical system. Windows detects 1102:000d as a High Definition Audio sound device (I guess this name, I have localized Windows, but this is general name, the same was with Realtek HDA before drivers), it's playing but it's unstable (Windows speaker testing can crash that application) and I can't install Creative software. Used driver is hdaudio.sys. Booting in BIOS or UEFI mode doesn't change anything. Nor CMOS clean. Someone met the same problem.

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• Fortigate 200A firewall CPU high resource usage

  - by user119720

  This morning I'm receiving complaints from several end users that saying their whole department network are slow and have intermittent. Therefore I've checked our firewall to see whether if something goes wrong with the device.From my observation in the FortiGate dashboard status, the CPU resources is very high (99 percent). My first assumption is to clear the log since in the alert log the Fortigate log mention that it is already 90% full.Based on my understanding,the log can be cleared by restarting the firewall. After restarting the firewall the network seems okay again but then after several minutes it went up again.The condition still persist until now. Can someone show me where else I can check to fix this issue? I've really appreciate any help that I can get here.Thanks. Edit: diag sys top command

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• Difference between tcp recv buffer and tcp receive window size?

  - by pradeepchhetri

  The command shows the tcp receive buffer size in bytes. $ cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_rmem 4096 87380 4001344 where the three values signifies the min, default and max values respectively. Then I tried to find the tcp window size using tcpdump command. $ sudo tcpdump -n -i eth0 'tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn|tcp-ack) == tcp-syn and port 80 and host google.com' tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 16:15:41.465037 IP 172.16.31.141.51614 > 74.125.236.73.80: Flags [S], seq 3661804272, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 4452053 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 I got the window size to be 14600 which is 10 times the size of MSS. Can anyone please tell me the relationship between the two.

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• how to portforward port 7300 from server A to server B

  - by Patrick van Hout

  hi, We are using Stunnel. But want to replace it is with an iptables entry if possible. 192.168.123.122:7300 need to be forwarded to 192.168.123.188:7300. So in iptables I set these two entries: [root@dev ~]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 7300 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.123.188:7300 [root@dev ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -m state -p tcp -d 192.168.123.188 --dport 7300 --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT But it isn't working. I did check that /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/forwarding has the value "1" inside. Any tips or hints? thanks, Patrick

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• Strange strace and setuid behaviour: permission denied under strace, but not running normally.

  - by Autopulated

  This is related to this question. I have a script (fix-permissions.sh) that fixes some file permissions: #! /bin/bash sudo chown -R person:group /path/ sudo chmod -R g+rw /path/ And a small c program to run this, which is setuided: #include "sys/types.h" #include "unistd.h" int main(){ setuid(geteuid()); return system("/path/fix-permissions.sh"); } Directory: -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 7228 Feb 19 17:33 fix-permissions -rwx--x--x 1 root root 112 Feb 19 13:38 fix-permissions.sh If I do this, everything seems fine, and the permissions do get correctly fixed: james $ sudo su someone-else someone-else $ ./fix-permissions but if I use strace, I get: someone-else $ strace ./fix-permissions /bin/bash: /path/fix-permissions.sh: Permission denied It's interesting to note that I get the same permission denied error with an identical setup (permissions, c program), but a different script, even when not using strace. Is this some kind of heureustic magic behaviour in setuid that I'm uncovering? How should I figure out what's going on? System is Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS, Linux 2.6.32.26-kvm-i386-20101122 #1 SMP

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• What do I do when I get a Linux kernel bug?

  - by raldi

  I just bought a tiny computer called a fit-pc2 which came with a somewhat customized Ubuntu 9.10 installation. uname -a reports: Linux 2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7 SMP Thu Apr 22 17:43:26 IDT 2010 i686 GNU/Linux It seems that after several hours of running with heavy network load, all networking ceases and I get the following in kern.log: BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc0 IP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0150300>] EFLAGS: 00010246 CPU: 1 EIP is at kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 EAX: ff09dfc4 EBX: c180cbac ECX: 0109d000 EDX: f709df98 ESI: f709df98 EDI: c180cba0 EBP: f709dfb8 ESP: f709df90 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: c014c14d c180cba4 00000000 f7084b60 c0150770 f709dfa4 f709dfa4 f7023ef4 <0> c180cba0 c014c0d0 f709dfe0 c015047c 00000000 00000000 00000000 f709dfcc <0> f709dfcc c0150400 00000000 00000000 00000000 c0103ce7 f7023ef4 00000000 Call Trace: [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: a6 8b 55 0c 8d 4d e0 89 f8 89 34 24 e8 7a fd ff ff 89 c3 eb 92 90 90 90 90 90 90 55 64 a1 00 80 76 c0 8b 80 70 02 00 00 89 e5 5d <8b> 40 fc c3 8d b6 00 00 00 00 8d bf 00 00 00 00 55 ba d7 86 62 EIP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 SS:ESP 0068:f709df90 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc0 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf435 ]--- BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc8 IP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0002 [#2] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G D C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0521bc8>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 1 EIP is at _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 EAX: 00000100 EBX: ff09dfc8 ECX: 00000286 EDX: ff09dfc8 ESI: f7084b60 EDI: ff09dfc4 EBP: f709dd88 ESP: f709dd88 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: f709dda4 c0127c0b 00000082 00000001 ff09dfc4 f7084b60 00000000 f709ddd0 <0> c0137fd2 00000086 f70954c4 00000000 f7098480 f709ddf0 f7094fc0 f7084b60 <0> 00000000 00000009 f709ddf0 c013c3f8 00000001 c1807c60 f709ddf0 f7084b60 Call Trace: [<c0127c0b>] ? complete+0x1b/0x60 [<c0137fd2>] ? mm_release+0x52/0xf0 [<c013c3f8>] ? exit_mm+0x18/0x110 [<c013c6db>] ? do_exit+0xfb/0x2e0 [<c013998a>] ? print_oops_end_marker+0x2a/0x30 [<c0522aab>] ? oops_end+0x8b/0xd0 [<c011eac4>] ? no_context+0xb4/0xd0 [<c011eb1d>] ? __bad_area_nosemaphore+0x3d/0x1a0 [<c0133a56>] ? load_balance_newidle+0x96/0x320 [<c011ec92>] ? bad_area_nosemaphore+0x12/0x20 [<c0524106>] ? do_page_fault+0x2f6/0x380 [<c012cc30>] ? finish_task_switch+0x50/0xe0 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0522006>] ? error_code+0x66/0x70 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0150300>] ? kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: 00 00 00 55 89 e5 f0 83 28 01 79 05 e8 02 ff ff ff 5d c3 55 89 c2 89 e5 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c1 fa 90 8d 74 26 00 b8 00 01 00 00 <f0> 66 0f c1 02 38 e0 74 06 f3 90 8a 02 eb f6 89 c8 5d c3 90 8d EIP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 SS:ESP 0068:f709dd88 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc8 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf436 ]--- Fixing recursive fault but reboot is needed! This seems to happen at least once a day. How do I even begin to debug this?

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• Linux - Create ftp account with read/write access to only 1 folder

  - by Gublooo

  Hey guys.... I have never worked on linux and dont plan on working on it either - The only command I probably know is "ls" :) I am hosting my website on Eapps and use their cpanel to setup everything so never worked with linux. Now I have this one time case - where I need to provide access to a contractor to fix the CSS issues on my website. He basically needs FTP (read/write) access to certain folders. At a high level - this is my code structure /home/webadmin/example.com/html/images /css /js /login.php /facebook.php /home/webadmin/example.com/application/library /views /models /controllers /config /bootstrap.php /home/webadmin/example.com/cgi-bin I want the new user to be able to have access to only these folders /home/webadmin/example.com/html/js /home/webadmin/example.com/html/css /home/webadmin/example.com/application/views He should not be able to view even the content of other folders including files like bootstrap.php or login.php etc If any sys admins can help me set this account up - will really appreciate it. Thanks

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• Linux - Create ftp account with read/write access to only 1 folder

  - by Gublooo

  Hey guys.... I have never worked on linux and dont plan on working on it either - The only command I probably know is "ls" :) I am hosting my website on Eapps and use their cpanel to setup everything so never worked with linux. Now I have this one time case - where I need to provide access to a contractor to fix the CSS issues on my website. He basically needs FTP (read/write) access to certain folders. At a high level - this is my code structure /home/webadmin/example.com/html/images /css /js /login.php /facebook.php /home/webadmin/example.com/application/library /views /models /controllers /config /bootstrap.php /home/webadmin/example.com/cgi-bin I want the new user to be able to have access to only these folders /home/webadmin/example.com/html/js /home/webadmin/example.com/html/css /home/webadmin/example.com/application/views He should not be able to view even the content of other folders including files like bootstrap.php or login.php etc If any sys admins can help me set this account up - will really appreciate it. Thanks

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• Linux - Create ftp account with read/write access to only 1 folder

  - by Gublooo

  Hey guys.... I have never worked on linux and dont plan on working on it either - The only command I probably know is "ls" :) I am hosting my website on Eapps and use their cpanel to setup everything so never worked with linux. Now I have this one time case - where I need to provide access to a contractor to fix the CSS issues on my website. He basically needs FTP (read/write) access to certain folders. At a high level - this is my code structure /home/webadmin/example.com/html/images /css /js /login.php /facebook.php /home/webadmin/example.com/application/library /views /models /controllers /config /bootstrap.php /home/webadmin/example.com/cgi-bin I want the new user to be able to have access to only these folders /home/webadmin/example.com/html/js /home/webadmin/example.com/html/css /home/webadmin/example.com/application/views He should not be able to view even the content of other folders including files like bootstrap.php or login.php etc If any sys admins can help me set this account up - will really appreciate it. Thanks

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• What do I do when I get a Linux kernel bug?

  - by raldi

  I just bought a tiny computer called a fit-pc2 which came with a somewhat customized Ubuntu 9.10 installation. uname -a reports: Linux 2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7 SMP Thu Apr 22 17:43:26 IDT 2010 i686 GNU/Linux It seems that after several hours of running with heavy network load, all networking ceases and I get the following in kern.log: BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc0 IP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0150300>] EFLAGS: 00010246 CPU: 1 EIP is at kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 EAX: ff09dfc4 EBX: c180cbac ECX: 0109d000 EDX: f709df98 ESI: f709df98 EDI: c180cba0 EBP: f709dfb8 ESP: f709df90 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: c014c14d c180cba4 00000000 f7084b60 c0150770 f709dfa4 f709dfa4 f7023ef4 <0> c180cba0 c014c0d0 f709dfe0 c015047c 00000000 00000000 00000000 f709dfcc <0> f709dfcc c0150400 00000000 00000000 00000000 c0103ce7 f7023ef4 00000000 Call Trace: [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: a6 8b 55 0c 8d 4d e0 89 f8 89 34 24 e8 7a fd ff ff 89 c3 eb 92 90 90 90 90 90 90 55 64 a1 00 80 76 c0 8b 80 70 02 00 00 89 e5 5d <8b> 40 fc c3 8d b6 00 00 00 00 8d bf 00 00 00 00 55 ba d7 86 62 EIP: [<c0150300>] kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 SS:ESP 0068:f709df90 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc0 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf435 ]--- BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ff09dfc8 IP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0002 [#2] SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/idVendor Modules linked in: binfmt_misc ppdev sbc_fitpc2_wdt snd_usb_audio snd_usb_lib i2c_isch sch_gpio snd_seq_dummy snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_oss snd_seq_oss snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_mixer_oss snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_pcm snd_timer snd_page_alloc snd_seq_device iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables snd_hwdep lpc_sch snd psmouse rt2860sta(C) uvcvideo video pl2303 soundcore mfd_core output videodev v4l1_compat lirc_igorplugusb lirc_dev serio_raw lp parport usbhid r8169 mii iegd_mod drm agpgart Pid: 16, comm: kblockd/1 Tainted: G D C (2.6.31-34-fitpc2 #7) SBC-FITPC2 EIP: 0060:[<c0521bc8>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 1 EIP is at _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 EAX: 00000100 EBX: ff09dfc8 ECX: 00000286 EDX: ff09dfc8 ESI: f7084b60 EDI: ff09dfc4 EBP: f709dd88 ESP: f709dd88 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0068 Process kblockd/1 (pid: 16, ti=f709c000 task=f7084b60 task.ti=f709c000) Stack: f709dda4 c0127c0b 00000082 00000001 ff09dfc4 f7084b60 00000000 f709ddd0 <0> c0137fd2 00000086 f70954c4 00000000 f7098480 f709ddf0 f7094fc0 f7084b60 <0> 00000000 00000009 f709ddf0 c013c3f8 00000001 c1807c60 f709ddf0 f7084b60 Call Trace: [<c0127c0b>] ? complete+0x1b/0x60 [<c0137fd2>] ? mm_release+0x52/0xf0 [<c013c3f8>] ? exit_mm+0x18/0x110 [<c013c6db>] ? do_exit+0xfb/0x2e0 [<c013998a>] ? print_oops_end_marker+0x2a/0x30 [<c0522aab>] ? oops_end+0x8b/0xd0 [<c011eac4>] ? no_context+0xb4/0xd0 [<c011eb1d>] ? __bad_area_nosemaphore+0x3d/0x1a0 [<c0133a56>] ? load_balance_newidle+0x96/0x320 [<c011ec92>] ? bad_area_nosemaphore+0x12/0x20 [<c0524106>] ? do_page_fault+0x2f6/0x380 [<c012cc30>] ? finish_task_switch+0x50/0xe0 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0522006>] ? error_code+0x66/0x70 [<c0523e10>] ? do_page_fault+0x0/0x380 [<c0150300>] ? kthread_should_stop+0x10/0x20 [<c014c14d>] ? worker_thread+0x7d/0xe0 [<c0150770>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40 [<c014c0d0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0xe0 [<c015047c>] ? kthread+0x7c/0x90 [<c0150400>] ? kthread+0x0/0x90 [<c0103ce7>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 Code: 00 00 00 55 89 e5 f0 83 28 01 79 05 e8 02 ff ff ff 5d c3 55 89 c2 89 e5 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c1 fa 90 8d 74 26 00 b8 00 01 00 00 <f0> 66 0f c1 02 38 e0 74 06 f3 90 8a 02 eb f6 89 c8 5d c3 90 8d EIP: [<c0521bc8>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x30 SS:ESP 0068:f709dd88 CR2: 00000000ff09dfc8 ---[ end trace 06004df70b9cf436 ]--- Fixing recursive fault but reboot is needed! This seems to happen at least once a day. How do I even begin to debug this?

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• Very Large number of connections in TIME_WAIT state; Server is slow, ipconntrac

  - by Sparsh Gupta

  I have a nginx server with load balancing and reverse proxy. Right now its behing another nginx but very soon I plan to make it front, where it will receive TCP connections from clients directly at a rate of 500req/second I am having some big troubles with the server. I have pasted my configurations here and I am kinda sure that the problem is with ipconntrac and similar things which are alient to me http://paste.org/pastebin/view/28543 root@load_balancer:/proc/sys/net/ipv4# netstat -an|awk '/tcp/ {print $6}'|sort|uniq -c 67 CLOSING 727 ESTABLISHED 173 FIN_WAIT1 183 FIN_WAIT2 19 LAST_ACK 5 LISTEN 447 SYN_RECV 1 SYN_SENT 27970 TIME_WAIT Its a ubuntu machine with mainly nginx (load balancer and reverse proxy) installed. It surely isnt great. Can you help me understand whats going on and how can I fix it. This is my live server and I am sure its in a bad shape right now. Any document or commands to fix this, or settings I should make to make this better and reduce time wait and fin_wait1/2 better would be awesome.

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• Supermicro SmartOS setup issue with HDDs

  - by Andrew B.

  I'm trying to setup SmartOS on my new Supermicro server (SYS-6027R-N3RF4+). I have 8 HDDs + 2 SSDs installed in the hot-swappable drive bays. I have not configured the Intel RAID controller on the machine (it shows no RAID configured, and lists all 8 HDDs). When I boot SmartOS from my USB key for the first time and get to the initial zpool creation I only see 2 disks listed. How can I tell which two drives are being referenced? How can I get SmartOS to recognize all 8+2 drives? Is there a BIOS setting I need to adjust?

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• Why is the latency on one LVM volume consistently higher?

  - by David Schmitt

  I've got a server with LVM over RAID1. One of the volumes has a consistently higher IO latency (as measured by the diskstats_latency munin plugin) than the other volumes from the same group. As you can see, the dark orange /root volume has consistently high IO latency. Actually ten times the average latency of the physical devices. It also has the highest Min and Max values. My main concern are not the peaks, which occur under high load, but the constant load on (semi-)idle. The server is running Debian Squeeze with the VServer kernel and has four VServer containers and one KVM guest. I'm looking for ways to fix - or at least understand - this situation. Here're some parts of the system configuration: root@kvmhost2:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/system--host-root 19G 3.8G 14G 22% / tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 16G 224K 16G 1% /dev tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm /dev/md0 942M 37M 858M 5% /boot /dev/mapper/system--host-isos 28G 19G 8.1G 70% /srv/isos /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_a 30G 23G 6.0G 79% /var/lib/vservers/a /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_b 5.0G 594M 4.1G 13% /var/lib/vservers/b /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_c 5.0G 555M 4.2G 12% /var/lib/vservers/c /dev/loop0 4.4G 4.4G 0 100% /media/debian-6.0.0-amd64-DVD-1 /dev/loop1 4.4G 4.4G 0 100% /media/debian-6.0.0-i386-DVD-1 /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_d 74G 55G 16G 78% /var/lib/vservers/d root@kvmhost2:~# cat /proc/mounts rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 none /sys sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 none /proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 none /dev devtmpfs rw,relatime,size=16500836k,nr_inodes=4125209,mode=755 0 0 none /dev/pts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 0 0 /dev/mapper/system--host-root / ext3 rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered 0 0 tmpfs /lib/init/rw tmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,mode=755 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0 fusectl /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw,relatime 0 0 /dev/md0 /boot ext3 rw,sync,relatime,errors=continue,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/mapper/system--host-isos /srv/isos ext3 rw,relatime,errors=continue,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_a /var/lib/vservers/a ext3 rw,relatime,errors=continue,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_b /var/lib/vservers/b ext3 rw,relatime,errors=continue,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_c /var/lib/vservers/c ext3 rw,relatime,errors=continue,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/loop0 /media/debian-6.0.0-amd64-DVD-1 iso9660 ro,relatime 0 0 /dev/loop1 /media/debian-6.0.0-i386-DVD-1 iso9660 ro,relatime 0 0 /dev/mapper/system--host-vs_d /var/lib/vservers/d ext3 rw,relatime,errors=continue,data=ordered 0 0 root@kvmhost2:~# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1] 975779968 blocks [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1] 979840 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> root@kvmhost2:~# iostat -x Linux 2.6.32-5-vserver-amd64 (kvmhost2) 06/28/2012 _x86_64_ (8 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 3.09 0.14 2.92 1.51 0.00 92.35 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 23.25 161.12 7.46 37.90 855.27 1596.62 54.05 0.13 2.80 1.76 8.00 sdb 22.82 161.36 7.36 37.66 850.29 1596.62 54.35 0.54 12.01 1.80 8.09 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.02 38.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md1 0.00 0.00 53.55 198.16 768.01 1585.25 9.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-0 0.00 0.00 0.48 20.21 16.70 161.71 8.62 0.26 12.72 0.77 1.60 dm-1 0.00 0.00 3.62 10.03 28.94 80.21 8.00 0.19 13.68 1.59 2.17 dm-2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.17 0.00 9.64 6.42 0.00 dm-3 0.00 0.00 6.73 0.41 53.87 3.28 8.00 0.02 3.44 0.12 0.09 dm-4 0.00 0.00 17.45 18.18 139.57 145.47 8.00 0.42 11.81 0.76 2.69 dm-5 0.00 0.00 2.50 46.38 120.50 371.07 10.06 0.69 14.20 0.46 2.26 dm-6 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.67 0.81 12.53 0.01 75.53 18.58 0.22 dm-7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.99 0.00 11.24 9.45 0.00 dm-8 0.00 0.00 22.69 102.76 407.25 822.09 9.80 0.97 7.71 0.39 4.95 dm-9 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.08 0.50 0.62 8.00 0.07 481.23 11.72 0.16 root@kvmhost2:~# ls -l /dev/mapper/ total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 59 May 11 11:19 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:08 system--host-kvm1 -> ../dm-4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:08 system--host-kvm2 -> ../dm-3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:06 system--host-isos -> ../dm-2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 May 11 11:19 system--host-root -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:06 system--host-swap -> ../dm-9 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:06 system--host-vs_d -> ../dm-8 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:06 system--host-vs_b -> ../dm-6 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:06 system--host-vs_c -> ../dm-7 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:06 system--host-vs_a -> ../dm-5 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 5 15:08 system--host-kvm3 -> ../dm-1 root@kvmhost2:~#

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• BSOD on windows 7 with SSD during boot after improper shutdown

  - by Bob

  I have a BSOD on windows 7 with SSD during boot after improper shutdown (while windows animation logo is moving). The computer restart imediatly after BSOD, and windows proposes to launch startup repair (if i do it, it takes +-5min and fixes the problem : computer starts normally). However, after any new improper shutdown, i got the same problem. Remarks: If i unplug, re-plug the SSD whyle system is shutdown, i have the same problem. If i reproduce the situation with old HDD, i havn't the problem Previously, i had a different problem: BSOD when waking up after sleep, which was fixed by installing drivers (ethernet, usb, graphic card) I have made ram chech and ssd check and found no problems Starting with safe mode after improper shutdown causes a BSOD at loading of classpnp.sys Configuration: System: HP compaq 8510p SSD: OCZ vertex-2 2.5 Boot options: SATA native mode - Enable, HDD transalation mode - LBA-assisted

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• SQL server peformance, virtual memory usage

  - by user45641

  Hello, I have a very large DB used mostly for analytics. The performance overall is very sluggish. I just noticed that when running the query below, the amount of virtual memory used greatly exceeds the amount of physical memory available. Currently, physical memory is 10GB (10238 MB) whereas the virtual memory returns significantly more - 8388607 MB. That seems really wrong, but I'm at a bit of a loss on how to proceed. USE [master]; GO select cpu_count , hyperthread_ratio , physical_memory_in_bytes / 1048576 as 'mem_MB' , virtual_memory_in_bytes / 1048576 as 'virtual_mem_MB' , max_workers_count , os_error_mode , os_priority_class from sys.dm_os_sys_info

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