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  • Classes, constructor and pointer class members

    - by pocoa
    I'm a bit confused about the object references. Please check the examples below: class ListHandler { public: ListHandler(vector<int> &list); private: vector<int> list; } ListHandler::ListHandler(vector<int> &list) { this->list = list; } Here I would be wasting memory right? So the right one would be: class ListHandler { public: ListHandler(vector<int>* list); private: vector<int>* list; } ListHandler::ListHandler(vector<int>* list) { this->list = list; } ListHandler::~ListHandler() { delete list; }

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  • Unexpected performance curve from CPython merge sort

    - by vkazanov
    I have implemented a naive merge sorting algorithm in Python. Algorithm and test code is below: import time import random import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import math from collections import deque def sort(unsorted): if len(unsorted) <= 1: return unsorted to_merge = deque(deque([elem]) for elem in unsorted) while len(to_merge) > 1: left = to_merge.popleft() right = to_merge.popleft() to_merge.append(merge(left, right)) return to_merge.pop() def merge(left, right): result = deque() while left or right: if left and right: elem = left.popleft() if left[0] > right[0] else right.popleft() elif not left and right: elem = right.popleft() elif not right and left: elem = left.popleft() result.append(elem) return result LOOP_COUNT = 100 START_N = 1 END_N = 1000 def test(fun, test_data): start = time.clock() for _ in xrange(LOOP_COUNT): fun(test_data) return time.clock() - start def run_test(): timings, elem_nums = [], [] test_data = random.sample(xrange(100000), END_N) for i in xrange(START_N, END_N): loop_test_data = test_data[:i] elapsed = test(sort, loop_test_data) timings.append(elapsed) elem_nums.append(len(loop_test_data)) print "%f s --- %d elems" % (elapsed, len(loop_test_data)) plt.plot(elem_nums, timings) plt.show() run_test() As much as I can see everything is OK and I should get a nice N*logN curve as a result. But the picture differs a bit: Things I've tried to investigate the issue: PyPy. The curve is ok. Disabled the GC using the gc module. Wrong guess. Debug output showed that it doesn't even run until the end of the test. Memory profiling using meliae - nothing special or suspicious. ` I had another implementation (a recursive one using the same merge function), it acts the similar way. The more full test cycles I create - the more "jumps" there are in the curve. So how can this behaviour be explained and - hopefully - fixed? UPD: changed lists to collections.deque UPD2: added the full test code UPD3: I use Python 2.7.1 on a Ubuntu 11.04 OS, using a quad-core 2Hz notebook. I tried to turn of most of all other processes: the number of spikes went down but at least one of them was still there.

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  • Checking parameter classes in PHP

    - by Professor Elm
    At the moment, I have the following: <?php if ($custom != ""): ?> <div class="head-row5" id="custom"> <?php print $custom?> </div><?php //head-row5 ?> <?php endif; ?> What is returned is something like.... <div class="block block-block" id="block-block-15"> <div class="title"> <h3></h3> </div> <div class="content"><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="website linkage" id="T2roll"><span class="alt">Name of the linked page</span></a></p> </div> What I'm trying to do is find a way to print this out ONLY if the is true. How would I go about doing this? I believe that I'm going to have to check the elements by class of this $custom parameter. However, I have no idea how to go about doing this.

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  • Updating Model with entity collection

    - by jean27
    There are a group of entities named Book and Magazine which inherits from the abstract class PublishedItem. PublishedItem have these properties: ID, Name, Publisher, List of Authors, List of Genres. The Book entity has the ISBN property and the Magazine entity has the ISSN property. I just want to ask how I can update the book's or magazine's list of genres or list of authors?

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  • Scala - Enumeration vs. Case-Classes

    - by tzofia
    I've created akka actor called LogActor. The LogActors's receive method handling messages from other actors and logging them to the specified log level. I can distinguish between the different levels in 2 ways. The first one: import LogLevel._ object LogLevel extends Enumeration { type LogLevel = Value val Error, Warning, Info, Debug = Value } case class LogMessage(level : LogLevel, msg : String) The second: (EDIT) abstract class LogMessage(msg : String) case class LogMessageError(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) case class LogMessageWarning(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) case class LogMessageInfo(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) case class LogMessageDebug(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) Which way is more efficient? does it take less time to match case class or to match enum value? (I read this question but there isn't any answer referring to the runtime issue)

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  • sOperator as and generic classes

    - by abatishchev
    I'm writing .NET On-the-Fly compiler for CLR scripting and want execution method make generic acceptable: object Execute() { return type.InvokeMember(..); } T Execute<T>() { return Execute() as T; /* doesn't work: The type parameter 'T' cannot be used with the 'as' operator because it does not have a class type constraint nor a 'class' constraint */ // also neither typeof(T) not T.GetType(), so on are possible return (T) Execute(); // ok } But I think operator as will be very useful: if result type isn't T method will return null, instead of an exception! Is it possible to do?

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  • Garbage collecting at ColdFusion CFC

    - by Sergii
    Hello. I have a CFC as singletone object in Application scope. One of the methods is used for massive data processing and periodically causes the "Java heap space" errors. EDIT All variables inside the method are VAR-scoped, so they should not be kept in the object scope when invokation ended. It can be a bit dumb question for Java people, but I'd like to know how Java garbage collector cleans up the CFC methods memory: only when whole request ends, or maybe right after each method/function invokation? Second option is interesting because it can allow me to split my large method into the few, as one of the possible optimizations.

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  • Best Practice - Removing item from generic collection in C#

    - by Matt Davis
    I'm using C# in Visual Studio 2008 with .NET 3.5. I have a generic dictionary that maps types of events to a generic list of subscribers. A subscriber can be subscribed to more than one event. private static Dictionary<EventType, List<ISubscriber>> _subscriptions; To remove a subscriber from the subscription list, I can use either of these two options. Option 1: ISubscriber subscriber; // defined elsewhere foreach (EventType event in _subscriptions.Keys) { if (_subscriptions[event].Contains(subscriber)) { _subscriptions[event].Remove(subscriber); } } Option 2: ISubscriber subscriber; // defined elsewhere foreach (EventType event in _subscriptions.Keys) { _subscriptions[event].Remove(subscriber); } I have two questions. First, notice that Option 1 checks for existence before removing the item, while Option 2 uses a brute force removal since Remove() does not throw an exception. Of these two, which is the preferred, "best-practice" way to do this? Second, is there another, "cleaner," more elegant way to do this, perhaps with a lambda expression or using a LINQ extension? I'm still getting acclimated to these two features. Thanks. EDIT Just to clarify, I realize that the choice between Options 1 and 2 is a choice of speed (Option 2) versus maintainability (Option 1). In this particular case, I'm not necessarily trying to optimize the code, although that is certainly a worthy consideration. What I'm trying to understand is if there is a generally well-established practice for doing this. If not, which option would you use in your own code?

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  • Java declarations (ordering)

    - by incrediman
    In Java, what's generally the most accepted way to organize a class in terms of the order in which declared data members and methods should be listed in the class file, keeping in mind the following and anything else you can think of for each one: its visibility whether it's a constructor, method, or member if it's a method, does it overload, or override other method(s)?

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  • XDocument holding onto Memory?

    - by Jon
    I have an appplication that does a XDocument.Load from a 20mb file and then gets passed to a form to view its contents: openFileDialog1.FileName = ""; if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { AuditFile = XDocument.Load(openFileDialog1.FileName); fmAuditLogViewer AuditViewer = new fmAuditLogViewer(); AuditViewer.ReportDocument = AuditFile; AuditViewer.Init(); AuditViewer.ShowDialog(); AuditViewer.Dispose(); AuditFile.RemoveNodes(); AuditFile = null; } In Task Manager I can see the memory being used by my application shoot up when I open this file. When I have finished viewing this file in my application I call : myXDocument.RemoveNodes(); myXDocument = null; However the memory use in Task Manager is still pretty high against my app. Is the XDocument still being held in memory and can I decrease the memory usage by my app?

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  • LINQtoSQL Custom Constructor off Partial Class?

    - by sah302
    Hi all, I read this question here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/82409/is-there-a-way-to-override-the-empty-constructor-in-a-class-generated-by-linqtosq Typically my constructor would look like: public User(String username, String password, String email, DateTime birthday, Char gender) { this.Id = Guid.NewGuid(); this.DateCreated = this.DateModified = DateTime.Now; this.Username = username; this.Password = password; this.Email = email; this.Birthday = birthday; this.Gender = gender; } However, as read in that question, you want to use partial method OnCreated() instead to assign values and not overwrite the default constructor. Okay so I got this : partial void OnCreated() { this.Id = Guid.NewGuid(); this.DateCreated = this.DateModified = DateTime.Now; this.Username = username; this.Password = password; this.Email = email; this.Birthday = birthday; this.Gender = gender; } However, this gives me two errors: Partial Methods must be declared private. Partial Methods must have empty method bodies. Alright I change it to Private Sub OnCreated() to remove both of those errors. However I am still stuck with...how can I pass it values as I would with a normal custom constructor? Also I am doing this in VB (converted it since I know most know/prefer C#), so would that have an affect on this?

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  • Limiting the size of the managed heap in a C# application

    - by Assaf Lavie
    Can I configure my C# application to limit its memory consumption to, say, 200MB? IOW, I don't want to wait for the automatic GC (which seems to allow the heap to grow much more than actually needed by this application). I know that in Java there's a command line switch you can pass to the JVM that achieves this.. is there an equivalent in C#? p.s. I know that I can invoke the GC from code, but that's something I would rather not have to do periodically. I'd rather set it once upon startup somehow and forget it.

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  • versioning fails for onetomany collection holder

    - by Alexander Vasiljev
    given parent entity @Entity public class Expenditure implements Serializable { ... @OneToMany(mappedBy = "expenditure", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true) @OrderBy() private List<ExpenditurePeriod> periods = new ArrayList<ExpenditurePeriod>(); @Version private Integer version = 0; ... } and child one @Entity public class ExpenditurePeriod implements Serializable { ... @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="expenditure_id", nullable = false) private Expenditure expenditure; ... } While updating both parent and child in one transaction, org.hibernate.StaleObjectStateException is thrown: Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect): Indeed, hibernate issues two sql updates: one changing parent properties and another changing child properties. Do you know a way to get rid of parent update changing child? The update results both in inefficiency and false positive for optimistic lock. Note, that both child and parent save their state in DB correctly. Hibernate version is 3.5.1-Final

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  • .Net Finalizer Order / Semantics in Esent and Ravendb

    - by mattcodes
    Help me understand. I've read that "The time and order of execution of finalizers cannot be predicted or pre-determined" Correct? However looking at RavenDB source code TransactionStorage.cs I see this ~TransactionalStorage() { try { Trace.WriteLine( "Disposing esent resources from finalizer! You should call TransactionalStorage.Dispose() instead!"); Api.JetTerm2(instance, TermGrbit.Abrupt); } catch (Exception exception) { try { Trace.WriteLine("Failed to dispose esent instance from finalizer because: " + exception); } catch { } } } The API class (which belongs to Managed Esent) which presumable takes handles on native resources presumably using a SafeHandle? So if I understand correctly the native handles SafeHandle can be finalized before TransactionStorage which could have undesired effects, perhaps why Ayende has added an catch all clause around this? Actually diving into Esent code, it does not use SafeHandles. According to CLR via C# this is dangerous? internal static class SomeType { [DllImport("Kernel32", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint="CreateEvent")] // This prototype is not robust private static extern IntPtr CreateEventBad( IntPtr pSecurityAttributes, Boolean manualReset, Boolean initialState, String name); // This prototype is robust [DllImport("Kernel32", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint="CreateEvent")] private static extern SafeWaitHandle CreateEventGood( IntPtr pSecurityAttributes, Boolean manualReset, Boolean initialState, String name) public static void SomeMethod() { IntPtr handle = CreateEventBad(IntPtr.Zero, false, false, null); SafeWaitHandle swh = CreateEventGood(IntPtr.Zero, false, false, null); } } Managed Esent (NativeMEthods.cs) looks like this (using Ints vs IntPtrs?): [DllImport(EsentDll, CharSet = EsentCharSet, ExactSpelling = true)] public static extern int JetCreateDatabase(IntPtr sesid, string szFilename, string szConnect, out uint dbid, uint grbit); Is Managed Esent handling finalization/dispoal the correct way, and second is RavenDB handling finalizer the corret way or compensating for Managed Esent?

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  • WPF Binding Collection To ComboBox and Selecting an item

    - by Adam Driscoll
    I've been knocking my head against this for some time now. I'm not really sure why it isn't working. I'm still pretty new to this whole WPF business. Here's my XAML for the combobox <ComboBox Width="200" SelectedValuePath="Type.FullName" SelectedItem="{Binding Path=Type}" Name="cmoBox" > </ComboBox> Here's what populates the ComboBox (myAssembly is a class I created with a list of possible types) cmoBox.ItemsSource = myAssembly.PossibleTypes; I set the DataContext in a parent element of the ComboBox in the code behind like this: groupBox.DataContext = listBox.SelectedItem; I want the binding to select the correct "possible type" from the combo box. It doesn't select anything. I have tried SelectedValue and SelectedItem. When I changed the DisplayMemberPath of the ComboBox to a different property it changed what was displayed so I know it's not completely broken. Any ideas???

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  • About local Final varibles in java

    - by Sathish
    In java Program, parameters which is defined as String in method declaration.But in method definition it is accessed as final String variable. Whether it'll lead to some issues (like security, memory problem)? For Example: Method Declaration join(String a,String b); Method definition public void join(final String a,final String b) { Authenticator au = new Authenticator(){ public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){ return new PasswordAuthentication(a,b)} }; } Please help for me and clarify my doubts. Thanks in advance P.S. I;m accessing a and b as final variable because i've to use it in the inner class.

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  • Rails class << self

    - by xpepermint
    Hey. I would like to understand what "class << self" stands for in the next example. module Utility class Options #:nodoc: class << self def parse(args) end end end end Thx!

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  • Monitoring all events in a class and sub-classes

    - by Basiclife
    Hi, I wonder if someone can help me. I've got a console App which I use to debug various components as I develop them. I'd like to be able to log to the console every time an event is fired either in the object I've instantiated or in anything it's instantiated [ad infinitum]. I wouldn't see some of these events normally due to them being consumed further down the chain). Ideally I would be able to log all public and private events but if only public are possible, I can live with that. I've Googled and all I can find is how to monitor a directory - So I'm not sure if this is not possible or simply has a name that I don't know. The sort of information I'm after is similar to what's found in an exception - Target Site, Source, Stack Trace, etc... Could I perhaps do this through reflection somehow? If someone could tell me if this is even possible and perhaps point me at some good resources, I'd be very grateful. Many thanks Basic To Give you an idea of the console App: Sub Main() Container = ContainerGenerate.GenerateContainer() Dim TemplateID As New Guid("5959b961-b347-46bc-b1b6-cba311304f43") Dim Templater = Container.Resolve(Of Interfaces.Mail.IMailGenerator)() Dim MyMessage = Templater.GenerateMail(TemplateID, Nothing, Nothing) Dim MySMTPClient = Container.Resolve(Of SmtpClient)() MySMTPClient.Send(MyMessage) Finish() End Sub

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  • Multiple levels of 'collection.defaultdict' in Python

    - by Morlock
    Thanks to some great folks on SO, I discovered the possibilities offered by collections.defaultdict, notably in readability and speed. I have put them to use with success. Now I would like to implement three levels of dictionaries, the two top ones being defaultdict and the lowest one being int. I don't find the appropriate way to do this. Here is my attempt: from collections import defaultdict d = defaultdict(defaultdict) a = [("key1", {"a1":22, "a2":33}), ("key2", {"a1":32, "a2":55}), ("key3", {"a1":43, "a2":44})] for i in a: d[i[0]] = i[1] Now this works, but the following, which is the desired behavior, doesn't: d["key4"]["a1"] + 1 I suspect that I should have declared somewhere that the second level defaultdict is of type int, but I didn't find where or how to do so. The reason I am using defaultdict in the first place is to avoid having to initialize the dictionary for each new key. Any more elegant suggestion? Thanks pythoneers!

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  • getting a tiled image collection on the iPad (deepzoom)

    - by Chris B
    I have a set of tiled image collections created via microsoft's deep zoom composer, and a silverlight app that currently consumes them for display via MultiScaleImage - it's all working pretty well - I'd just like to get some experience with iPad programming and have a couple of ideas for some ipad applications. All my ideas rely on me being able to display/manipulate these tiled image sets (on the iPad). I just picked up a iMac to facilitate this. I'm not seeing any objective-c / cocoa-touch libraries for this though, so am assuming I will have to roll my own. (Saw the seadragon ajax component, which is pretty slick, but I'm dealing with collections here, which it doesn't support. I would also like to roll this as a native app just to get the experience). The only open source project I found for displaying/manipulating the tiled image sets was Openzoom -a flash component. I'm not to familiar with actionscript either (python, java, c#, and c are the only languages I have really used), but briefly inspecting the code I didn't really have any issues with it and can probably use it for hints on how to swap the tiles in and out, etc.. But, as I'm pretty new to obj-c/cocoa-touch, some pointers in the right direction would be appreciated. 1) Are there any other projects out there I am missing, or is openzoom my best bet for some reference? 2) Should I be trying to do this display in the UIKit framework, or should I do it as an OpenGL display? 3) Any other suggestions/pointers that I didn't think to ask.

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