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• Using pfSense, OpenVPN Connects but Still Can't See the Network

  - by nicorellius

  I am having an OpenVPN issue. I have a pfSense box at home configured to allow traffic through a VPN tunnel. The client computer is Windows XP Home, behind a standard Comcast connection and a Netgear wireless router. I use OpenVPN to access my work network (from where I am trying to get out of in this post) from home (with an XP Pro machine behind pfSense), and this works fine. The client config is similar but has the changes specific to my setup... Here is my XP Home config: client dev tun proto tcp remote pfsense.*.org 1194 (starred out by me) resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 When I launch the OpenVPN GUI, the Tunnel TAP network connection turns red, and I can right-click that to connect to the server. Everything seems to work fine until I browse for the actual network. The Tunnel TAP connection turns green and it says connected to 10.1.1.6 (I have tried different IP pools here too with no luck). I can see the internal network fine, but my home network behind pfSense is not there. I have tried browsing there by using Tools Map Network Drive, using the browser, with no success. When I open the command line on the client and use the ipconfig -all command, I get the following: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : TAP-Win32 Adapter V9 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : *** (starred out by me) Dhcp Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.1.1.6 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.252 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.1.1.5 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Monday, March 15, 2010 1:18:37 PM Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Tuesday, March 15, 2011 1:18:37 PM I noticed that the default gateway is not present. Could this be my problem? I am still relatively new to firewalls, VPN, and network configuration so I'm sure I am messing up something simple. Oh yah, I should note that I have firewall rules configured for pfSense to allow traffic through the WAN and the LAN. At first there was just the WAN firewall rule, because that is what I got from the literature I was reading. I then created a LAN rule as well, but I'm not sure if this was correct. Neither way works, though. Screen shots below: Any help is much appreciated.

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• How to Configure Windows Machine to Allow File Sharing with DNS Alias

  - by Michael Ferrante

  I have not seen a single article posted anywhere online that brings together all the settings one would need to do to make this work properly on Windows, so I thought I would post it here. To facilitate failover schemes, a common technique is to use DNS CNAME records (DNS Aliases) for different machine roles. Then instead of changing the Windows computername of the actual machine name, one can switch a DNS record to point to a new host. This can work on Microsoft Windows machines, but to make it work with file sharing the following configuration steps need to be taken. Outline The Problem The Solution Allowing other machines to use filesharing via the DNS Alias (DisableStrictNameChecking) Allowing server machine to use filesharing with itself via the DNS Alias (BackConnectionHostNames) Providing browse capabilities for multiple NetBIOS names (OptionalNames) Register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs) for other Windows functions like Printing (setspn) References 1. The Problem On Windows machines, file sharing can work via the computer name, with or without full qualification, or by the IP Address. By default, however, filesharing will not work with arbitrary DNS aliases. To enable filesharing and other Windows services to work with DNS aliases, you must make registry changes as detailed below and reboot the machine. 2. The Solution Allowing other machines to use filesharing via the DNS Alias (DisableStrictNameChecking) This change alone will allow other machines on the network to connect to the machine using any arbitrary hostname. (However this change will not allow a machine to connect to itself via a hostname, see BackConnectionHostNames below). Edit the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\parameters and add a value DisableStrictNameChecking of type DWORD set to 1. Allowing server machine to use filesharing with itself via the DNS Alias (BackConnectionHostNames) This change is necessary for a DNS alias to work with filesharing from a machine to find itself. This creates the Local Security Authority host names that can be referenced in an NTLM authentication request. To do this, follow these steps for all the nodes on the client computer: To the registry subkey HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\MSV1_0, add new Multi-String Value BackConnectionHostNames In the Value data box, type the CNAME or the DNS alias, that is used for the local shares on the computer, and then click OK. Note: Type each host name on a separate line. Providing browse capabilities for multiple NetBIOS names (OptionalNames) Allows ability to see the network alias in the network browse list. Edit the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\parameters and add a value OptionalNames of type Multi-String Add in a newline delimited list of names that should be registered under the NetBIOS browse entries Names should match NetBIOS conventions (i.e. not FQDN, just hostname) Register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs) for other Windows functions like Printing (setspn) NOTE: Should not need to do this for basic functions to work, documented here for completeness. We had one situation in which the DNS alias was not working because there was an old SPN record interfering, so if other steps aren't working check if there are any stray SPN records. You must register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs), the host name, and the fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) for all the new DNS alias (CNAME) records. If you do not do this, a Kerberos ticket request for a DNS alias (CNAME) record may fail and return the error code KDC_ERR_S_SPRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN. To view the Kerberos SPNs for the new DNS alias records, use the Setspn command-line tool (setspn.exe). The Setspn tool is included in Windows Server 2003 Support Tools. You can install Windows Server 2003 Support Tools from the Support\Tools folder of the Windows Server 2003 startup disk. How to use the tool to list all records for a computername: setspn -L computername To register the SPN for the DNS alias (CNAME) records, use the Setspn tool with the following syntax: setspn -A host/your_ALIAS_name computername setspn -A host/your_ALIAS_name.company.com computername 3. References All the Microsoft references work via: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/ Connecting to SMB share on a Windows 2000-based computer or a Windows Server 2003-based computer may not work with an alias name Covers the basics of making file sharing work properly with DNS alias records from other computers to the server computer. KB281308 Error message when you try to access a server locally by using its FQDN or its CNAME alias after you install Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1: "Access denied" or "No network provider accepted the given network path" Covers how to make the DNS alias work with file sharing from the file server itself. KB926642 How to consolidate print servers by using DNS alias (CNAME) records in Windows Server 2003 and in Windows 2000 Server Covers more complex scenarios in which records in Active Directory may need to be updated for certain services to work properly and for browsing for such services to work properly, how to register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs). KB870911 Distributed File System update to support consolidation roots in Windows Server 2003 Covers even more complex scenarios with DFS (discusses OptionalNames). KB829885

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• Windows 7 Machine Makes Router Drop -All- Wireless Connections

  - by Hammer Bro.

  Some background: My home network consists of my Desktop, a two-month old Windows 7 (x64) machine which is online most frequently (N-spec), as well as three other Windows XP laptops (all G) that only connect every now and then (one for work, one for Netflix, and the other for infrequent regular laptop uses). I used to have a Belkin F5D8236-4 wireless router, and everything worked great. A week ago, however, I found out that the Belkin absolutely in no way would establish a VPN connection, something that has become important for work. So I bought a Netgear WNR3500v2/U/L. The wireless was acting a little sketchy at first for just the Windows 7 machine, but I thought it had something to do with 802.11N and I was in a hurry so I just fished up an ethernet cable and disabled the computer's wireless. It has now become apparent, though, that whenever the Windows 7 machine is connected to the router, all wireless connections become unstable. I was using my work laptop for a solid six hours today with no trouble, having multiple SSH connections open over VPN and streaming internet radio in the background. Then, within two minutes of turning on this Windows 7 box, I had lost all connectivity over the wireless. And I was two feet away from the router. The same sort of thing happens on all of the other laptops -- Netflix can be playing stuff all weekend, but if I come up here and do things on this (W7) computer, the streaming will be dead within ten minutes. So here are my basic observations: If the Windows 7 machine is off, then all connections will have a Signal Strength of Very Good or Excellent and a Speed of 48-54 Mbps for an indefinite amount of time. Shortly after the Windows 7 machine is turned on, all wireless connections will experience a consistent decline in Speed down to 1.0 Mbps, eventually losing their connection entirely. These machines will continue to maintain 70% signal strength, as observed by themselves and router. Once dropped, a wireless connection will have difficulty reconnecting. And, if a connection manages to become established, it will quickly drop off again. The Windows 7 machine itself will continue to function just fine if it's using a wired connection, although it will experience these same issues over the wireless. All of the drivers and firmwares are up to date, and this happened both with the stock Netgear firmware as well as the (current) DD-WRT. What I've tried: Making sure each computer is being assigned a distinct IP. (They are.) Disabling UPnP and Stateful Packet Inspection on the router. Disabling Network Sharing, SSDP Discovery, TCP/IP NetBios Helper and Computer Browser services on the Windows 7 machine. Disabling QoS Packet Scheduler, IPv6, and Link Layer Topology Discovery options on my ethernet controller (leaving only Client for Microsoft Networks, File and Printer Sharing, and IPv4 enabled). What I think: It seems awfully similar to the problems discussed in detail at http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/wsk/thread/1064e397-9d9b-4ae2-bc8e-c8798e591915 (which was both the most relevant and concrete information I could dig up on the internet). I still think that something the Windows 7 IP stack (or just Operating System itself) is doing is giving the router fits. However, I could be wrong, because I have two key differences. One is that most instances of this problem are reported as the entire router dying or restarting, and mine still works just fine over the wired connection. The other is that it's a new router, tested with both the factory firmware and the (I assume) well-maintained DD-WRT project. Even if Windows 7 is still secretly sending IPv6 packets or the TCP Window Scaling implementation that I hear Vista caused some trouble with (even though I've tried my best to disable anything fancy), this router should support those functions. I don't want to get a new or a replacement router unless someone can convince me that this is a defective unit. But the problem seems too specific and predictable by my instincts to be a hardware hiccup. And I don't want to deal with the inevitable problems that always seem to take half a day to resolve when getting a new router, since I'm frantically working (including tomorrow) to complete a project by next week's deadline. Plus, I think in the worst case scenario, I could keep this router connected directly to the modem, disable its wireless entirely, and connect the old Belkin to it directly. That should allow me to still use VPN (although I'll have to plug my work laptop directly into that router), and then maintain wireless connections for all of the other computers. But that feels so wrong to me. Anyone have any ideas what the cause and possible solution could be? Clarifications: The Windows 7 machine is directly connected via an ethernet cable to the router for everything above. But while it is online, all other computers' wireless connections become unusable. It is not an issue of signal strength or interference -- no other devices within scanning range are using Channel 1, and the problem will affect computers that are literally feet away from the router with 95% signal strength.

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• Linux IPTables / routing issue

  - by Jon

  Hi all, EDIT 1/3/10 22:00 GMT - rewrote some of it after further investigation It has been a while since I looked at IPtables and I seem to be worse than before as I can not seem to get my webserver online. Below is my firewall rules on the gateway server that is running the dhcp server accessing the net. The webserver is inside my network on a static IP (192.168.0.98, default port). When I use Nmap or GRC.com I see that port 80 is open on the gateway server but when I browse to it, (via public URL. http://www.houseofhawkins.com) it always fails with a connection error, (nmap cannot connect and figure out what the web server is either). I can nmap the webserver and browse to it just fine via same IP inside my network. I believe it is my IPTable rules that are not letting it through. Internally I can route all my requests. Each machine can browse to the website and traffic works just fine. I can MSTSC / ssh to all the webservers internally and they inturn can connect to the web. IPTABLE: *EDIT - Added new firewall rules 2/3/10 * #!/bin/sh iptables="/sbin/iptables" modprobe="/sbin/modprobe" depmod="/sbin/depmod" EXTIF="eth2" INTIF="eth1" load () { $depmod -a $modprobe ip_tables $modprobe ip_conntrack $modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp $modprobe ip_conntrack_irc $modprobe iptable_nat $modprobe ip_nat_ftp echo "enable forwarding.." echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo "enable dynamic addr" echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr # start firewall # default policies $iptables -P INPUT DROP $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P OUTPUT DROP $iptables -F OUTPUT $iptables -P FORWARD DROP $iptables -F FORWARD $iptables -t nat -F #echo " Opening loopback interface for socket based services." $iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #echo " Allow all connections OUT and only existing and related ones IN" $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $INTIF -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A OUTPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " #echo " Enabling SNAT (MASQUERADE) functionality on $EXTIF" $iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTIF -j MASQUERADE $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -j ACCEPT #echo " Allowing packets with ICMP data (i.e. ping)." $iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $INTIF --dport 67 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT #echo " Port 137 is for NetBIOS." $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT #echo " Opening port 53 for DNS queries." $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $EXTIF --sport 53 -j ACCEPT #echo " opening Apache webserver" $iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i $EXTIF -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.96:80 $iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -m state --state NEW -d 192.168.0.96 --dport 80 -j ACCEPT } flush () { echo "flushing rules..." $iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT echo "rules flushed" } case "$1" in start|restart) flush load ;; stop) flush ;; *) echo "usage: start|stop|restart." ;; esac exit 0 route info: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 5e0412a6.bb.sky * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 5e0412a6.bb.sky 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth2 ifconfig: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:22:b0:cf:4a:1c inet addr:192.168.0.1 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::222:b0ff:fecf:4a1c/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:79023 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:57786 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:11580918 (11.5 MB) TX bytes:22872030 (22.8 MB) Interrupt:17 Base address:0x2b00 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:f1:7c:45:5b inet addr:94.4.18.166 Bcast:94.4.18.166 Mask:255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:f1ff:fe7c:455b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:57038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:34532 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:21631721 (21.6 MB) TX bytes:7685444 (7.6 MB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) TX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) EDIT OK so as requested I will try and expand on my infrastructure: I previously had it setup with a Sky broadband modem router that did the DHCP and I used its web interface to port forward the web across to the web server. The network looked something like this: I have now replaced the sky modem with a dlink modem which gives the IP to the gateway server that now does the DHCP. It looks like: The internet connection is a standard broadband connection with a dynamic IP, (use zoneedit.com to keep it updated). I have tried it on each of the webservers(one Ubuntu Apache server and one WS2008 IIS7). I think there must also be an issue with my IPTable rules as it can route to my win7 box which has the default IIS7 page and that would not display when I forwarded all port 80 to it. I would be really grateful for any and all help with this. Thanks Jon

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• Credentials can not be delegated - Alfresco Share

  - by leftcase

  I've hit a brick wall configuring Alfresco 4.0.d on Redhat 6. I'm using Kerberos authentication, it seems to be working normally, and single sign on is working on the main alfresco app itself. I've been through the configuration steps to get the share app working, but try as I may, I keep getting this error in catalina.out each time a browser accesses http://server:8080/share along with a 'Windows Security' password box. WARN [site.servlet.KerberosSessionSetupPrivilegedAction] credentials can not be delegated! Here's what I've done so far: Using AD users and computers, selected the alfrescohttp account, and selected 'trust this user for delegation to any service (Kerberos only). Copied /opt/alfresco-4.0.d/tomcat/shared/classes/alfresco/web-extension/share-config-custom.xml.sample to share-config-custom.xml and edited like this: <config evaluator="string-compare" condition="Kerberos" replace="true"> <kerberos> <password>*****</password> <realm>MYDOMAIN.CO.UK</realm> <endpoint-spn>HTTP/[email protected]</endpoint-spn> <config-entry>ShareHTTP</config-entry> </kerberos> </config> <config evaluator="string-compare" condition="Remote"> <remote> <keystore> <path>alfresco/web-extension/alfresco-system.p12</path> <type>pkcs12</type> <password>alfresco-system</password> </keystore> <connector> <id>alfrescoCookie</id> <name>Alfresco Connector</name> <description>Connects to an Alfresco instance using cookie-based authentication</description> <class>org.springframework.extensions.webscripts.connector.AlfrescoConnector</class> </connector> <endpoint> <id>alfresco</id> <name>Alfresco - user access</name> <description>Access to Alfresco Repository WebScripts that require user authentication</description> <connector-id>alfrescoCookie</connector-id> <endpoint-url>http://localhost:8080/alfresco/wcs</endpoint-url> <identity>user</identity> <external-auth>true</external-auth> </endpoint> </remote> </config> Setup the /etc/krb5.conf file like this: [logging] default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log [libdefaults] default_realm = MYDOMAIN.CO.UK default_tkt_enctypes = rc4-hmac default_tgs_enctypes = rc4-hmac forwardable = true proxiable = true [realms] MYDOMAIN.CO.UK = { kdc = mydc.mydomain.co.uk admin_server = mydc.mydomain.co.uk } [domain_realm] .mydc.mydomain.co.uk = MYDOMAIN.CO.UK mydc.mydomain.co.uk = MYDOMAIN.CO.UK /opt/alfresco-4.0.d/java/jre/lib/security/java.login.config is configured like this: Alfresco { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule sufficient; }; AlfrescoCIFS { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required storeKey=true useKeyTab=true keyTab="/etc/alfrescocifs.keytab" principal="cifs/server.mydomain.co.uk"; }; AlfrescoHTTP { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required storeKey=true useKeyTab=true keyTab="/etc/alfrescohttp.keytab" principal="HTTP/server.mydomain.co.uk"; }; com.sun.net.ssl.client { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule sufficient; }; other { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule sufficient; }; ShareHTTP { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required storeKey=true useKeyTab=true keyTab="/etc/alfrescohttp.keytab" principal="HTTP/server.mydomain.co.uk"; }; And finally, the following settings in alfresco-global.conf authentication.chain=kerberos1:kerberos,alfrescoNtlm1:alfrescoNtlm kerberos.authentication.real=MYDOMAIN.CO.UK kerberos.authentication.user.configEntryName=Alfresco kerberos.authentication.cifs.configEntryName=AlfrescoCIFS kerberos.authentication.http.configEntryName=AlfrescoHTTP kerberos.authentication.cifs.password=****** kerberos.authentication.http.password=***** kerberos.authentication.defaultAdministratorUserNames=administrator ntlm.authentication.sso.enabled=true As I say, I've hit a brick wall with this and I'd really appreciate any help you can give me! This question is also posted on the Alfresco forum, but I wondered if any folk here on serverfault have come across similar implementation challenges?

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• vsftpd not allowing uploads. 550 response

  - by Josh

  I've set vsftpd up on a centos box. I keep trying to upload files but I keep getting "550 Failed to change directory" and "550 Could not get file size." Here's my vsftpd.conf # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). anonymous_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES anon_other_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file. # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files. # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file xferlog_std_format=NO # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd whith two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES log_ftp_protocol=YES banner_file=/etc/vsftpd/issue local_root=/var/www guest_enable=YES guest_username=ftpusr ftp_username=nobody

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• Windows DNS Server 2008 R2 fallaciously returns SERVFAIL

  - by Easter Sunshine

  I have a Windows 2008 R2 domain controller which is also a DNS server. When resolving certain TLDs, it returns a SERVFAIL: $ dig bogus. ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1 <<>> bogus. ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 31919 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;bogus. IN A I get the same result for a real TLD like com. when querying the DC as shown above. Compare to a BIND server that is working as expected: $ dig bogus. @128.59.59.70 ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1 <<>> bogus. @128.59.59.70 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 30141 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;bogus. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA a.root-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 2012012501 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 18 msec ;; SERVER: 128.59.59.70#53(128.59.59.70) ;; WHEN: Wed Jan 25 14:09:14 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 98 Similarly, when I query my Windows DNS server with dig . any, I get a SERVFAIL but the BIND servers return the root zone as expected. This sounds similar to the issue described in http://support.microsoft.com/kb/968372 except I am using two forwarders (128.59.59.70 from above as well as 128.59.62.10) and falling back to root hints so the preconditions to expose the issue are not the same. Nevertheless, I also applied the MaxCacheTTL registry fix as described and restarted DNS and the whole server as well but the problem persists. The problem occurs on all domain controllers in this domain and has occurred since half a year ago, even though the servers are getting automatic Windows updates. EDIT Here is a debug log. The client is 160.39.114.110, which is my workstation. 1/25/2012 2:16:01 PM 0E08 PACKET 000000001EA6BFD0 UDP Rcv 160.39.114.110 2e94 Q [0001 D NOERROR] A (5)bogus(0) UDP question info at 000000001EA6BFD0 Socket = 508 Remote addr 160.39.114.110, port 49710 Time Query=1077016, Queued=0, Expire=0 Buf length = 0x0fa0 (4000) Msg length = 0x0017 (23) Message: XID 0x2e94 Flags 0x0100 QR 0 (QUESTION) OPCODE 0 (QUERY) AA 0 TC 0 RD 1 RA 0 Z 0 CD 0 AD 0 RCODE 0 (NOERROR) QCOUNT 1 ACOUNT 0 NSCOUNT 0 ARCOUNT 0 QUESTION SECTION: Offset = 0x000c, RR count = 0 Name "(5)bogus(0)" QTYPE A (1) QCLASS 1 ANSWER SECTION: empty AUTHORITY SECTION: empty ADDITIONAL SECTION: empty 1/25/2012 2:16:01 PM 0E08 PACKET 000000001EA6BFD0 UDP Snd 160.39.114.110 2e94 R Q [8281 DR SERVFAIL] A (5)bogus(0) UDP response info at 000000001EA6BFD0 Socket = 508 Remote addr 160.39.114.110, port 49710 Time Query=1077016, Queued=0, Expire=0 Buf length = 0x0fa0 (4000) Msg length = 0x0017 (23) Message: XID 0x2e94 Flags 0x8182 QR 1 (RESPONSE) OPCODE 0 (QUERY) AA 0 TC 0 RD 1 RA 1 Z 0 CD 0 AD 0 RCODE 2 (SERVFAIL) QCOUNT 1 ACOUNT 0 NSCOUNT 0 ARCOUNT 0 QUESTION SECTION: Offset = 0x000c, RR count = 0 Name "(5)bogus(0)" QTYPE A (1) QCLASS 1 ANSWER SECTION: empty AUTHORITY SECTION: empty ADDITIONAL SECTION: empty Every option in the debug log box was checked except "filter by IP". By contrast, when I query, say, accounts.google.com, I can see the DNS server go out to its forwarder (128.59.59.70, for example). In this case, I didn't see any packets going out from my DNS server even though bogus. was not in the cache (the debug log was already running and this is the first time I queried this server for bogus. or any TLD). It just returned SERVFAIL without consulting any other DNS server, as in the Microsoft KB article linked above.

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• pasenger does not start puppet master under nginx

  - by Anadi Misra

  On the server [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# ruby -v ruby 1.8.7 (2011-06-30 patchlevel 352) [x86_64-linux] [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# puppet --version 3.0.1 and [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# service nginx configtest nginx: the configuration file /apps/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /apps/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# service nginx status nginx (pid 25923 25921 25920 25917 25908) is running... [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# however none of my agents are able to connect to the master, they all fail with errors like so [amisr1@blramisr195602 ~]$ puppet agent --test --verbose --server bangvmpllda02.XXX.com Info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for blramisr195602.XXX.com Info: Certificate Request fingerprint (SHA256): 26:EB:08:1F:82:32:E4:03:7A:64:8E:30:A3:99:93:26:E6:66:B9:B0:49:B6:08:F9:67:CA:1B:0C:00:B9:1D:41 Error: Could not request certificate: Error 405 on SERVER: <html> <head><title>405 Not Allowed</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>405 Not Allowed</h1></center> <hr><center>nginx</center> </body> </html> Exiting; failed to retrieve certificate and waitforcert is disabled when I check logs on puppet master [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# tail puppet_access.log [05/Dec/2012:17:45:18 +0530] "GET /production/certificate/ca? HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "Ruby" [05/Dec/2012:18:32:23 +0530] "PUT /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com HTTP/1.1" 405 166 "-" "-" [05/Dec/2012:18:33:33 +0530] "GET /production/certificate/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" [05/Dec/2012:18:33:33 +0530] "GET /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" [05/Dec/2012:18:33:33 +0530] "PUT /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com HTTP/1.1" 405 166 "-" "-" and the error logs show that nginx is not really able to process the request well 2012/12/05 18:33:33 [error] 25920#0: *23 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate/sl63anadi.XXX.com" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.26, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" 2012/12/05 18:33:33 [error] 25920#0: *24 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.26, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" 2012/12/05 18:47:56 [error] 25923#0: *27 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate/ca" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.31, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate/ca? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" 2012/12/05 18:47:56 [error] 25923#0: *28 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate_request/blramisr195602.XXX.com" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.31, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate_request/blramisr195602.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" Passenger does not show any application groups either [root@bangvmpllDA02 nginx]# passenger-status ----------- General information ----------- max = 15 count = 0 active = 0 inactive = 0 Waiting on global queue: 0 ----------- Application groups ----------- [root@bangvmpllDA02 nginx]# here's my nginx configuration [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# cat ../nginx.conf user puppet; worker_processes 4; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; server_tokens off; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 120; gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; gzip_min_length 1100; gzip_buffers 64 8k; gzip_comp_level 3; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml; server { listen 80; server_name bangvmpllda02.XXXX.com; charset utf-8; #access_log logs/http.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { access_log off; log_not_found off; deny all; } location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|css|js|ico|xml)$ { access_log off; log_not_found off; expires 2d; } } # Passenger needed for puppet passenger_root /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.18; passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; passenger_max_pool_size 15; server { ssl on; listen 8140 default ssl; server_name bangvmpllda02.XXXX.com; passenger_enabled on; passenger_set_cgi_param HTTP_X_CLIENT_DN $ssl_client_s_dn; passenger_set_cgi_param HTTP_X_CLIENT_VERIFY $ssl_client_verify; passenger_min_instances 5; access_log logs/puppet_access.log; error_log logs/puppet_error.log; root /etc/puppet/rack/public; ssl_certificate /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/bangvmpllda02.XXX.com.pem; ssl_certificate_key /var/lib/puppet/ssl/private_keys/bangvmpllda02.XXX.com.pem; ssl_crl /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/ca_crl.pem; ssl_client_certificate /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pem; ssl_ciphers SSLv2:-LOW:-EXPORT:RC4+RSA; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ssl_verify_client optional; ssl_verify_depth 1; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:128m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; } } and the puppet.conf [main] # The Puppet log directory. # The default value is '$vardir/log'. logdir = /var/log/puppet # Where Puppet PID files are kept. # The default value is '$vardir/run'. rundir = /var/run/puppet dns_alt_names = devops.XXXX.com,devops confdir = /etc/puppet vardir = /var/lib/puppet storeconfigs = true storeconfigs_backend = puppetdb thin_storeconfigs = false async_storeconfigs = false ssl_client_header = SSL_CLIENT_S_D ssl_client_verify_header = SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY # Where SSL certificates are kept. # The default value is '$confdir/ssl'. ssldir = $vardir/ssl any ideas where am I going wrong? I checkthe directory permissions; /usr/share/puppet, /etc/puppet and /var/lib/puppet (and files inside them) are owned by puppet user.

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• OSX 10.6 Cisco IPSEC strange behavior

  - by tair

  I'm trying to connect to Cisco IPSEC VPN of my company over DSL Internet. I managed to successfully connect using Cisco VPN Client, now I'm trying to switch to OSX 10.6 native client, because of licensing issues. The problems is that the connection fails with a dialog box containing the message: The negotiation with the VPN server failed. Verify the server address and try reconnecting. I checked logs: Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: Connecting. Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 1). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Phase1 AUTH: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode Message 2). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 2). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Phase1 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 3). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 XAUTH: success. (XAUTH Status is OK). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Config: retransmited. (Mode-Config retransmit). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: receive success. (MODE-Config). Jun 29 13:10:42 configd[19]: event_callback: Address added. previous interface setting (name: en1, address: 192.168.1.107), current interface setting (name: u92.168.54.147, subnet: 255.255.255.0, destination: 192.168.54.147). Jun 29 13:10:42 configd[19]: network configuration changed. Jun 29 13:10:42 vmnet-bridge[111]: Dynamic store changed Jun 29 13:10:42 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:10:58: --- last message repeated 1 time --- Jun 29 13:10:58 configd[19]: SCNCController: Disconnecting. (Connection tried to negotiate for, 16 seconds). Jun 29 13:10:58 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). Jun 29 13:10:58 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (Delete ISAKMP-SA). Jun 29 13:10:58 racoon[4551]: Disconnecting. (Connection tried to negotiate for, 19.113382 seconds). Jun 29 13:10:58 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:10:58 vmnet-bridge[111]: Dynamic store changed Jun 29 13:10:58 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:10:58 configd[19]: network configuration changed. Then I opened Terminal, started pinging a server behind VPN, and tried to connect again. Now connection is OK! Logs this time: Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: Connecting. Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 1). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Phase1 AUTH: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode Message 2). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 2). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Phase1 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 3). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 XAUTH: success. (XAUTH Status is OK). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Config: retransmited. (Mode-Config retransmit). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: receive success. (MODE-Config). Jun 29 13:46:56 configd[19]: event_callback: Address added. previous interface setting (name: en1, address: 192.168.1.107), current interface settinaddress: 192.168.54.149, subnet: 255.255.255.0, destination: 192.168.54.149). Jun 29 13:46:56 vmnet-bridge[111]: Dynamic store changed Jun 29 13:46:56 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:46:56 configd[19]: network configuration changed. Jun 29 13:46:56 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 1). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 2). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 3). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Phase2 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: Connected. Jun 29 13:46:56 configd[19]: SCNCController: Connected. I tested it several times and it consistently behaves the same. What is the magic?

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• Active directory authentication for Ubuntu Linux login and cifs mounting home directories...

  - by Jamie

  I've configured my Ubuntu 10.04 Server LTS Beta 2 residing on a windows network to authenticate logins using active directory, then mount a windows share to serve as there home directory. Here is what I did starting from the initial installation of Ubuntu. Download and install Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS Beta 2 Get updates # sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade Install an SSH server (sshd) # sudo apt-get install openssh-server Some would argue that you should "lock sshd down" by disabling root logins. I figure if your smart enough to hack an ssh session for a root password, you're probably not going to be thwarted by the addition of PermitRootLogin no in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file. If your paranoid or not simply not convinced then edit the file or give the following a spin: # (grep PermitRootLogin /etc/ssh/sshd_conifg && sudo sed -ri 's/PermitRootLogin ).+/\1no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_conifg) || echo "PermitRootLogin not found. Add it manually." Install required packages # sudo apt-get install winbind samba smbfs smbclient ntp krb5-user Do some basic networking housecleaning in preparation for the specific package configurations to come. Determine your windows domain name, DNS server name, and IP address for the active directory server (for samba). For conveniance I set environment variables for the windows domain and DNS server. For me it was (my AD IP address was 192.168.20.11): # WINDOMAIN=mydomain.local && WINDNS=srv1.$WINDOMAIN If you want to figure out what your domain and DNS server is (I was contractor and didn't know the network) check out this helpful reference. The authentication and file sharing processes for the Windows and Linux boxes need to have their clocks agree. Do this with an NTP service, and on the server version of Ubuntu the NTP service comes installed and preconfigured. The network I was joining had the DNS server serving up the NTP service too. # sudo sed -ri "s/^(server[ \t]).+/\1$WINDNS/" /etc/ntp.conf Restart the NTP daemon # sudo /etc/init.d/ntp restart We need to christen the Linux box on the new network, this is done by editing the host file (replace the DNS of with the FQDN of the windows DNS): # sudo sed -ri "s/^(127\.0\.0\.1[ \t]).*/\1$(hostname).$WINDOMAIN localhost $(hostname)/" /etc/hosts Kerberos configuration. The instructions that follow here aren't to be taken literally: the values for MYDOMAIN.LOCAL and srv1.mydomain.local need to be replaced with what's appropriate for your network when you edit the files. Edit the (previously installed above) /etc/krb5.conf file. Find the [libdefaults] section and change (or add) the key value pair (and it is in UPPERCASE WHERE IT NEEDS TO BE): [libdefaults] default_realm = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL Add the following to the [realms] section of the file: MYDOMAIN.LOCAL = { kdc = srv1.mydomain.local admin_server = srv1.mydomain.local default_domain = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL } Add the following to the [domain_realm] section of the file: .mydomain.local = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL mydomain.local = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL Conmfigure samba. When it's all said done, I don't know where SAMBA fits in ... I used cifs to mount the windows shares ... regardless, my system works and this is how I did it. Replace /etc/samba/smb.conf (remember I was working from a clean distro of Ubuntu, so I wasn't worried about breaking anything): [global] security = ads realm = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL password server = 192.168.20.11 workgroup = MYDOMAIN idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind enum users = yes winbind enum groups = yes template homedir = /home/%D/%U template shell = /bin/bash client use spnego = yes client ntlmv2 auth = yes encrypt passwords = yes winbind use default domain = yes restrict anonymous = 2 Start and stop various services. # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind stop # sudo service smbd restart # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind start Setup the authentication. Edit the /etc/nsswitch.conf. Here are the contents of mine: passwd: compat winbind group: compat winbind shadow: compat winbind hosts: files dns networks: files protocols: db files services: db files ethers: db files rpc: db files Start and stop various services. # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind stop # sudo service smbd restart # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind start At this point I could login, home directories didn't exist, but I could login. Later I'll come back and add how I got the cifs automounting to work. Numerous resources were considered so I could figure this out. Here is a short list (a number of these links point to mine own questions on the topic): Samba Kerberos Active Directory WinBind Mounting Linux user home directories on CIFS server Authenticating OpenBSD against Active Directory How to use Active Directory to authenticate linux users Mounting windows shares with Active Directory permissions Using Active Directory authentication with Samba on Ubuntu 9.10 server 64bit How practical is to authenticate a Linux server against AD? Auto-mounting a windows share on Linux AD login

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• Again WPA Connection problem even after changed to latest version ..please help

  - by Renjith G

  I am using hostapd, wireless tools with madwifi for my wireless ap in my board. The WEP, WPA-PSK connections and communications between my board with linux and my desktop PC, Windows XP SP2 (with Olitec USB wireless) are fine. But when I configured the WPA type, the connection seems established but shows the status "TKIP - Key Absent" in the security dialog box. Anyone faced this problem? Am attaching the conf files and the connection status. In the AP side am complaining . I am using the in built radius server conf with the hostapd 0.4.7 hostapd.conf interface=ath0 driver=madwifi logger_syslog=0 logger_syslog_level=0 logger_stdout=0 logger_stdout_level=0 debug=0 eapol_key_index_workaround=1 dump_file=/tmp/hostapd.dump.0.0 ssid=Renjith G wpa wpa=1 wpa_passphrase=mypassphrase wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-EAP wpa_pairwise=TKIP CCMP wpa_group_rekey=600 macaddr_acl=2 /* commented */ ieee8021x=1 /* commented */ eap_authenticator=1 own_ip_addr=172.16.25.1 nas_identifier=renjithg.com auth_server_addr=172.16.25.1 auth_server_port=1812 auth_server_shared_secret=key1 ca_cert=/flash1/ca.crt server_cert=/flash1/server.crt eap_user_file=/etc/hostapd.eap_user hostapd.eap_user "*@renjithg.com" TLS And the commands am using are wlanconfig ath0 create wlandev wifi0 wlanmode ap iwconfig ath0 essid Renjith channel 6 ifconfig ath0 192.168.25.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up hostapd -ddd /etc/hostapd.conf Please correct if am wrong .. Also am getting the debug messages on my AP when am connecting in my windows machine through WPA ~/wlanexe # ./hostapd -ddd /etc/hostapd.conf Configuration file: /etc/hostapd.conf Line 18: obsolete eap_authenticator used; this has been renamed to eap_server madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=0 Using interface ath0 with hwaddr 00:0b:6b:33:8c:30 and ssid 'Renjith G wpa' madwifi_set_ieee8021x: enabled=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: group key cipher=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: pairwise key ciphers=0xa madwifi_configure_wpa: key management algorithms=0x1 madwifi_configure_wpa: rsn capabilities=0x0 madwifi_configure_wpa: enable WPA= 0x1 madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=1 madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=1 WPA: group state machine entering state GTK_INIT GMK - hexdump(len=32): 9c 77 cd 38 5a 60 3b 16 8a 22 90 e8 65 b3 c2 86 40 5c be c3 dd 84 3e df 58 1d 16 61 1d 13 d1 f2 GTK - hexdump(len=32): 02 78 d7 d3 5d 15 e3 89 9c 62 a8 fe 8a 0f 40 28 ba dc cd bc 07 f4 59 88 1c 08 84 2b 49 3d e2 32 WPA: group state machine entering state SETKEYSDONE madwifi_set_key: alg=TKIP addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=1 Flushing old station entries madwifi_sta_deauth: addr=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason_code=3 Deauthenticate all stations l2_packet_receive - recvfrom: Network is down Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK_GROUP entering state IDLE WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION2 IEEE 802.1X: 4 bytes from 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 IEEE 802.1X: version=1 type=1 length=0 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state DISCONNECTED WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK_GROUP entering state IDLE WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION2 IEEE 802.1X: 4 bytes from 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 IEEE 802.1X: version=1 type=1 length=0 < Register Fail < Register Fail Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state DISCONNECTED WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state INITIALIZE madwifi_del_key: addr=00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 key_idx=0 WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK_GROUP entering state IDLE WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION WPA: 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 WPA_PTK entering state AUTHENTICATION2 IEEE 802.1X: 4 bytes from 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 IEEE 802.1X: version=1 type=1 length=0 NOW am getting the following error message with latest tools. *This is the latest error messages..please refer this only..* ~/wlanexe # ./hostapd -ddd /etc/hostapd.conf TLS: Trusted root certificate(s) loaded madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=0 madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=0 BSS count 1, BSSID mask ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff (0 bits) Flushing old station entries madwifi_sta_deauth: addr=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason_code=3 ioctl[IEEE80211_IOCTL_SETMLME]: Invalid argument madwifi_sta_deauth: Failed to deauth STA (addr ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason 3) Could not connect to kernel driver. Deauthenticate all stations madwifi_sta_deauth: addr=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason_code=2 ioctl[IEEE80211_IOCTL_SETMLME]: Invalid argument madwifi_sta_deauth: Failed to deauth STA (addr ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff reason 2) madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=0 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=0 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=1 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=2 madwifi_del_key: addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=3 Using interface ath0 with hwaddr 00:0b:6b:33:8c:30 and ssid 'RenjithGwpa' SSID - hexdump_ascii(len=11): 52 65 6e 6a 69 74 68 47 77 70 61 RenjithGwpa PSK (ASCII passphrase) - hexdump_ascii(len=12): 6d 79 70 61 73 73 70 68 72 61 73 65 mypassphrase PSK (from passphrase) - hexdump(len=32): a6 55 3e 76 94 8b d9 81 a1 22 5e 24 29 83 33 86 11 a8 7e 93 19 7c a9 ab ab cc 12 58 37 e5 35 b6 RADIUS local address: 172.16.25.1:1024 madwifi_set_ieee8021x: enabled=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: group key cipher=1 madwifi_configure_wpa: pairwise key ciphers=0xa madwifi_configure_wpa: key management algorithms=0x1 madwifi_configure_wpa: rsn capabilities=0x0 madwifi_configure_wpa: enable WPA=0x1 WPA: group state machine entering state GTK_INIT (VLAN-ID 0) GMK - hexdump(len=32): [REMOVED] GTK - hexdump(len=32): [REMOVED] WPA: group state machine entering state SETKEYSDONE (VLAN-ID 0) madwifi_set_key: alg=TKIP addr=00:00:00:00:00:00 key_idx=1 madwifi_set_privacy: enabled=1 madwifi_set_iface_flags: dev_up=1 ath0: Setup of interface done. l2_packet_receive - recvfrom: Network is down Wireless event: cmd=0x8b1a len=24 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument madwifi_process_wpa_ie: Failed to get WPA/RSN IE Failed to get WPA/RSN information element. Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument madwifi_process_wpa_ie: Failed to get WPA/RSN IE Failed to get WPA/RSN information element. Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c04 len=20 Wireless event: cmd=0x8c03 len=20 New STA ioctl[unknown???]: Invalid argument madwifi_process_wpa_ie: Failed to get WPA/RSN IE Failed to get WPA/RSN information element. Data frame from not associated STA 00:0a:78:a0:0b:09

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• OSX 10.6 Cisco IPSEC strange behavior

  - by tair

  I'm trying to connect to Cisco IPSEC VPN of my company over DSL Internet. I managed to successfully connect using Cisco VPN Client, now I'm trying to switch to OSX 10.6 native client, because of licensing issues. The problems is that the connection fails with a dialog box containing the message: The negotiation with the VPN server failed. Verify the server address and try reconnecting. I checked logs: Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: Connecting. Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 1). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Phase1 AUTH: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode Message 2). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 2). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Phase1 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode). Jun 29 13:10:39 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 3). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 XAUTH: success. (XAUTH Status is OK). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Config: retransmited. (Mode-Config retransmit). Jun 29 13:10:42 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: receive success. (MODE-Config). Jun 29 13:10:42 configd[19]: event_callback: Address added. previous interface setting (name: en1, address: 192.168.1.107), current interface setting (name: u92.168.54.147, subnet: 255.255.255.0, destination: 192.168.54.147). Jun 29 13:10:42 configd[19]: network configuration changed. Jun 29 13:10:42 vmnet-bridge[111]: Dynamic store changed Jun 29 13:10:42 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:10:58: --- last message repeated 1 time --- Jun 29 13:10:58 configd[19]: SCNCController: Disconnecting. (Connection tried to negotiate for, 16 seconds). Jun 29 13:10:58 racoon[4551]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). Jun 29 13:10:58 racoon[4551]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (Delete ISAKMP-SA). Jun 29 13:10:58 racoon[4551]: Disconnecting. (Connection tried to negotiate for, 19.113382 seconds). Jun 29 13:10:58 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:10:58 vmnet-bridge[111]: Dynamic store changed Jun 29 13:10:58 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:10:58 configd[19]: network configuration changed. Then I opened Terminal, started pinging a server behind VPN, and tried to connect again. Now connection is OK! Logs this time: Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: Connecting. Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 1). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Phase1 AUTH: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode Message 2). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 2). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Phase1 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode). Jun 29 13:46:53 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Aggressive-Mode message 3). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 XAUTH: success. (XAUTH Status is OK). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Mode-Config message). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Config: retransmited. (Mode-Config retransmit). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: receive success. (MODE-Config). Jun 29 13:46:56 configd[19]: event_callback: Address added. previous interface setting (name: en1, address: 192.168.1.107), current interface settinaddress: 192.168.54.149, subnet: 255.255.255.0, destination: 192.168.54.149). Jun 29 13:46:56 vmnet-bridge[111]: Dynamic store changed Jun 29 13:46:56 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:46:56 configd[19]: network configuration changed. Jun 29 13:46:56 named[62]: not listening on any interfaces Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 1). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 2). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 3). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: IKEv1 Phase2 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode). Jun 29 13:46:56 racoon[8136]: Connected. Jun 29 13:46:56 configd[19]: SCNCController: Connected. I tested it several times and it consistently behaves the same. What is the magic?

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• Windows 7 Machine Makes Router Drop -All- Wireless Connections [closed]

  - by Hammer Bro.

  Note: I accidentally originally posted this question over at SuperUser, and I still think the issue is caused by some low-level networking practice of Windows 7, but I think the expertise here would be more apt to figuring it out. Apologies for the cross-post. Some background: My home network consists of my Desktop, a two-month old Windows 7 (x64) machine which is online most frequently (N-spec), as well as three other Windows XP laptops (all G) that only connect every now and then (one for work, one for Netflix, and the other for infrequent regular laptop uses). I used to have a Belkin F5D8236-4 wireless router, and everything worked great. A week ago, however, I found out that the Belkin absolutely in no way would establish a VPN connection, something that has become important for work. So I bought a Netgear WNR3500v2/U/L. The wireless was acting a little sketchy at first for just the Windows 7 machine, but I thought it had something to do with 802.11N and I was in a hurry so I just fished up an ethernet cable and disabled the computer's wireless. It has now become apparent, though, that whenever the Windows 7 machine is connected to the router, all wireless connections become unstable. I was using my work laptop for a solid six hours today with no trouble, having multiple SSH connections open over VPN and streaming internet radio in the background. Then, within two minutes of turning on this Windows 7 box, I had lost all connectivity over the wireless. And I was two feet away from the router. The same sort of thing happens on all of the other laptops -- Netflix can be playing stuff all weekend, but if I come up here and do things on this (W7) computer, the streaming will be dead within ten minutes. So here are my basic observations: If the Windows 7 machine is off, then all connections will have a Signal Strength of Very Good or Excellent and a Speed of 48-54 Mbps for an indefinite amount of time. Shortly after the Windows 7 machine is turned on, all wireless connections will experience a consistent decline in Speed down to 1.0 Mbps, eventually losing their connection entirely. These machines will continue to maintain 70% signal strength, as observed by themselves and router. Once dropped, a wireless connection will have difficulty reconnecting. And, if a connection manages to become established, it will quickly drop off again. The Windows 7 machine itself will continue to function just fine if it's using a wired connection, although it will experience these same issues over the wireless. All of the drivers and firmwares are up to date, and this happened both with the stock Netgear firmware as well as the (current) DD-WRT. What I've tried: Making sure each computer is being assigned a distinct IP. (They are.) Disabling UPnP and Stateful Packet Inspection on the router. Disabling Network Sharing, SSDP Discovery, TCP/IP NetBios Helper and Computer Browser services on the Windows 7 machine. Disabling QoS Packet Scheduler, IPv6, and Link Layer Topology Discovery options on my ethernet controller (leaving only Client for Microsoft Networks, File and Printer Sharing, and IPv4 enabled). What I think: It seems awfully similar to the problems discussed in detail at http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/wsk/thread/1064e397-9d9b-4ae2-bc8e-c8798e591915 (which was both the most relevant and concrete information I could dig up on the internet). I still think that something the Windows 7 IP stack (or just Operating System itself) is doing is giving the router fits. However, I could be wrong, because I have two key differences. One is that most instances of this problem are reported as the entire router dying or restarting, and mine still works just fine over the wired connection. The other is that it's a new router, tested with both the factory firmware and the (I assume) well-maintained DD-WRT project. Even if Windows 7 is still secretly sending IPv6 packets or the TCP Window Scaling implementation that I hear Vista caused some trouble with (even though I've tried my best to disable anything fancy), this router should support those functions. I don't want to get a new or a replacement router unless someone can convince me that this is a defective unit. But the problem seems too specific and predictable by my instincts to be a hardware hiccup. And I don't want to deal with the inevitable problems that always seem to take half a day to resolve when getting a new router, since I'm frantically working (including tomorrow) to complete a project by next week's deadline. Plus, I think in the worst case scenario, I could keep this router connected directly to the modem, disable its wireless entirely, and connect the old Belkin to it directly. That should allow me to still use VPN (although I'll have to plug my work laptop directly into that router), and then maintain wireless connections for all of the other computers. But that feels so wrong to me. Anyone have any ideas what the cause and possible solution could be? Clarifications: The Windows 7 machine is directly connected via an ethernet cable to the router for everything above. But while it is online, all other computers' wireless connections become unusable. It is not an issue of signal strength or interference -- no other devices within scanning range are using Channel 1, and the problem will affect computers that are literally feet away from the router with 95% signal strength.

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• Recover RAID 5 data after created new array instead of re-using

  - by Brigadieren

  Folks please help - I am a newb with a major headache at hand (perfect storm situation). I have a 3 1tb hdd on my ubuntu 11.04 configured as software raid 5. The data had been copied weekly onto another separate off the computer hard drive until that completely failed and was thrown away. A few days back we had a power outage and after rebooting my box wouldn't mount the raid. In my infinite wisdom I entered mdadm --create -f... command instead of mdadm --assemble and didn't notice the travesty that I had done until after. It started the array degraded and proceeded with building and syncing it which took ~10 hours. After I was back I saw that that the array is successfully up and running but the raid is not I mean the individual drives are partitioned (partition type f8 ) but the md0 device is not. Realizing in horror what I have done I am trying to find some solutions. I just pray that --create didn't overwrite entire content of the hard driver. Could someone PLEASE help me out with this - the data that's on the drive is very important and unique ~10 years of photos, docs, etc. Is it possible that by specifying the participating hard drives in wrong order can make mdadm overwrite them? when I do mdadm --examine --scan I get something like ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=f1b4084a:720b5712:6d03b9e9:43afe51b name=<hostname>:0 Interestingly enough name used to be 'raid' and not the host hame with :0 appended. Here is the 'sanitized' config entries: DEVICE /dev/sdf1 /dev/sde1 /dev/sdd1 CREATE owner=root group=disk mode=0660 auto=yes HOMEHOST <system> MAILADDR root ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=tanserv:0 UUID=f1b4084a:720b5712:6d03b9e9:43afe51b Here is the output from mdstat cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[0] sdf1[3] sde1[1] 1953517568 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU] unused devices: <none> fdisk shows the following: fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000bf62e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 9443 75846656 83 Linux /dev/sda2 9443 9730 2301953 5 Extended /dev/sda5 9443 9730 2301952 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000de8dd Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 91201 732572001 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdc: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00056a17 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 60801 488384001 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdd: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ca948 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 121601 976760001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/dm-0: 1250.3 GB, 1250254913536 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 152001 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sde: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x93a66687 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 121601 976760001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdf: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe6edc059 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdf1 1 121601 976760001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/md0: 2000.4 GB, 2000401989632 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 488379392 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Per suggestions I did clean up the superblocks and re-created the array with --assume-clean option but with no luck at all. Is there any tool that will help me to revive at least some of the data? Can someone tell me what and how the mdadm --create does when syncs to destroy the data so I can write a tool to un-do whatever was done? After the re-creating of the raid I run fsck.ext4 /dev/md0 and here is the output root@tanserv:/etc/mdadm# fsck.ext4 /dev/md0 e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext4: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/md0 The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 Per Shanes' suggestion I tried root@tanserv:/home/mushegh# mkfs.ext4 -n /dev/md0 mke2fs 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks 122101760 inodes, 488379392 blocks 24418969 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 14905 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 and run fsck.ext4 with every backup block but all returned the following: root@tanserv:/home/mushegh# fsck.ext4 -b 214990848 /dev/md0 e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) fsck.ext4: Invalid argument while trying to open /dev/md0 The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 <device> Any suggestions? Regards!

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• Modify MDT wizard to automate computer naming

  - by Jeramy

  I originally posted this question to StackOverflow, but upon further consideration it might be more appropriate here. Situation: I am imaging new systems using MDT Lite-Touch. I am trying to customize the wizard to automate the naming of new systems so that they include a prefix "AG-", a department code which is selected from a drop-down box in the wizard page (eg. "COMM"), and finally the serial number of the computer being imaged, so that my result in this case would be "AG-COMM-1234567890" Status: I have banged away at this for a while but my Google searches have not turned up answers, my trial-and-error is not producing useful error messages and I think I am missing some fundamentals of how to get variables from the wizard page into the variables used by the lite-touch wizard. Progress: I first created the HTML page which I will include below and added a script to the page to concatenate the pieces into a variable called OSDComputername which, for testing, I could output in a msgbox and get to display correctly. The problem with this is I don't know how to trigger the script then assign it to the OSDComputername variable that is used throughout the rest of the Light-Touch process. I changed the script to a function and added it to DeployWiz_Initization.vbs then used the Initialization field in WDS to call it. I'll include the function below. The problem with this is I would get "Undefined Variable" for OSDComputername and I am not sure it is pulling the data from the HTML correctly. I tried adding the scripting into the customsettings.ini file after the "OSDComputername=" This resulted in the wizard just outputting my code in text as the computer name. I am now trying adding variables to "Properties=" (eg.DepartmentName) in the customsettings.ini, pulling thier value from the HTML Form and setting that value to the variable in my function in DeployWiz_Initization.vbs and calling them after "OSDComputername=" in the fashion "OSDComputername="AG-" & %DepartmentName%" in customsettings.ini I am rebuilding right now and will see how this goes Any help would be appreciated. The HTML page: <HTML> <H1>Configure the computer name.</H1> <span style="width: 95%;"> <p>Please answer the following questions. Your answers will be used to formulate the computer's name and description.</p> <FORM NAME="TestForm"> <p>Departmental Prefix: <!-- <label class=ErrMsg id=DepartmentalPrefix_Err>* Required (MISSING)</label> --> <SELECT NAME="DepartmentalPrefix_Edit" class=WideEdit> <option value="AADC">AADC</option> <option value="AEM">AEM</option> <option value="AIP">AIP</option> <option value="COM">COM</option> <option value="DO">DO</option> <option value="DSOC">DSOC</option> <option value="EDU">EDU</option> <option value="EPE">EPE</option> <option value="ITN">ITN</option> <option value="LA">LA</option> <option value="OAP">OAP</option> <option value="SML">SML</option> </SELECT> </p> <p><span class="Larger">Client's Net<u class=larger>I</u>D:</span> <INPUT NAME="ClientNetID" TYPE="TEXT" ID="ClientNetID" SIZE="15"></p> <p>Building: <!-- <label class=ErrMsg id=Building_Err>* Required (MISSING)</label> --> <SELECT NAME="Building_Edit" class=WideEdit> <option value="Academic Surge Facility A">Academic Surge Facility A</option> <option value="Academic Surge Facility B">Academic Surge Facility B</option> <option value="Caldwell">Caldwell</option> <option value="Kennedy">Kennedy</option> <option value="Roberts">Roberts</option> <option value="Warren">Warren</option> </SELECT> </p> <p> <span class="Larger">Room <u class=larger>N</u>umber:</span> <input type=text id="RoomNumber" name=RoomNumber size=15 /> </p> </FORM> </span> </HTML> The Function: Function SetComputerName OSDComputerName = "AG-" & oEnvironment.Item("DepartmentalPrefix_Edit") ComputerDescription = oEnvironment.Item("DepartmentalPrefix_Edit") & ", " & oEnvironment.Item("ClientNetID") & ", " & oEnvironment.Item("RoomNumber") & " " & oEnvironment.Item("Building_Edit") End Function

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• solved: passenger(mod_rails) fails to start puppet master under nginx

  - by Anadi Misra

  On the server [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# ruby -v ruby 1.8.7 (2011-06-30 patchlevel 352) [x86_64-linux] [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# puppet --version 3.0.1 and [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# service nginx configtest nginx: the configuration file /apps/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /apps/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# service nginx status nginx (pid 25923 25921 25920 25917 25908) is running... [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# however none of my agents are able to connect to the master, they all fail with errors like so [amisr1@blramisr195602 ~]$ puppet agent --test --verbose --server bangvmpllda02.XXX.com Info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for blramisr195602.XXX.com Info: Certificate Request fingerprint (SHA256): 26:EB:08:1F:82:32:E4:03:7A:64:8E:30:A3:99:93:26:E6:66:B9:B0:49:B6:08:F9:67:CA:1B:0C:00:B9:1D:41 Error: Could not request certificate: Error 405 on SERVER: <html> <head><title>405 Not Allowed</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>405 Not Allowed</h1></center> <hr><center>nginx</center> </body> </html> Exiting; failed to retrieve certificate and waitforcert is disabled when I check logs on puppet master [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# tail puppet_access.log [05/Dec/2012:17:45:18 +0530] "GET /production/certificate/ca? HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "Ruby" [05/Dec/2012:18:32:23 +0530] "PUT /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com HTTP/1.1" 405 166 "-" "-" [05/Dec/2012:18:33:33 +0530] "GET /production/certificate/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" [05/Dec/2012:18:33:33 +0530] "GET /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" [05/Dec/2012:18:33:33 +0530] "PUT /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com HTTP/1.1" 405 166 "-" "-" and the error logs show that nginx is not really able to process the request well 2012/12/05 18:33:33 [error] 25920#0: *23 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate/sl63anadi.XXX.com" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.26, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" 2012/12/05 18:33:33 [error] 25920#0: *24 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.26, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate_request/sl63anadi.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" 2012/12/05 18:47:56 [error] 25923#0: *27 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate/ca" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.31, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate/ca? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" 2012/12/05 18:47:56 [error] 25923#0: *28 open() "/etc/puppet/rack/public/production/certificate_request/blramisr195602.XXX.com" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 10.209.47.31, server: , request: "GET /production/certificate_request/blramisr195602.XXX.com? HTTP/1.1", host: "bangvmpllda02.XXX.com:8140" Passenger does not show any application groups either [root@bangvmpllDA02 nginx]# passenger-status ----------- General information ----------- max = 15 count = 0 active = 0 inactive = 0 Waiting on global queue: 0 ----------- Application groups ----------- [root@bangvmpllDA02 nginx]# here's my nginx configuration [root@bangvmpllDA02 logs]# cat ../nginx.conf user puppet; worker_processes 4; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; server_tokens off; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 120; gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; gzip_min_length 1100; gzip_buffers 64 8k; gzip_comp_level 3; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml; server { listen 80; server_name bangvmpllda02.XXXX.com; charset utf-8; #access_log logs/http.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { access_log off; log_not_found off; deny all; } location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|css|js|ico|xml)$ { access_log off; log_not_found off; expires 2d; } } # Passenger needed for puppet passenger_root /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.18; passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; passenger_max_pool_size 15; server { ssl on; listen 8140 default ssl; server_name bangvmpllda02.XXXX.com; passenger_enabled on; passenger_set_cgi_param HTTP_X_CLIENT_DN $ssl_client_s_dn; passenger_set_cgi_param HTTP_X_CLIENT_VERIFY $ssl_client_verify; passenger_min_instances 5; access_log logs/puppet_access.log; error_log logs/puppet_error.log; root /etc/puppet/rack/public; ssl_certificate /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/bangvmpllda02.XXX.com.pem; ssl_certificate_key /var/lib/puppet/ssl/private_keys/bangvmpllda02.XXX.com.pem; ssl_crl /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/ca_crl.pem; ssl_client_certificate /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pem; ssl_ciphers SSLv2:-LOW:-EXPORT:RC4+RSA; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ssl_verify_client optional; ssl_verify_depth 1; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:128m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; } } and the puppet.conf [main] # The Puppet log directory. # The default value is '$vardir/log'. logdir = /var/log/puppet # Where Puppet PID files are kept. # The default value is '$vardir/run'. rundir = /var/run/puppet dns_alt_names = devops.XXXX.com,devops confdir = /etc/puppet vardir = /var/lib/puppet storeconfigs = true storeconfigs_backend = puppetdb thin_storeconfigs = false async_storeconfigs = false ssl_client_header = SSL_CLIENT_S_D ssl_client_verify_header = SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY # Where SSL certificates are kept. # The default value is '$confdir/ssl'. ssldir = $vardir/ssl any ideas where am I going wrong? I checkthe directory permissions; /usr/share/puppet, /etc/puppet and /var/lib/puppet (and files inside them) are owned by puppet user. Solved The simple solution to my complicated problem was that I had placed the config.ru in wrong place moved it to /etc/puppet/rack , it was in /etc/puppet/rack/public Well!!! :-/

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• vsftpd not allowing uploads. 550 response.

  - by Josh

  I've set vsftpd up on a centos box. I keep trying to upload files but I keep getting "550 Failed to change directory" and "550 Could not get file size." Here's my vsftpd.conf # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). anonymous_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES anon_other_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file. # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files. # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file xferlog_std_format=NO # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd whith two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES log_ftp_protocol=YES banner_file=/etc/vsftpd/issue local_root=/var/www guest_enable=YES guest_username=ftpusr ftp_username=nobody

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• Cisco ASA 5505 - L2TP over IPsec

  - by xraminx

  I have followed this document on cisco site to set up the L2TP over IPsec connection. When I try to establish a VPN to ASA 5505 from my Windows XP, after I click on "connect" button, the "Connecting ...." dialog box appears and after a while I get this error message: Error 800: Unable to establish VPN connection. The VPN server may be unreachable, or security parameters may not be configured properly for this connection. ASA version 7.2(4) ASDM version 5.2(4) Windows XP SP3 Windows XP and ASA 5505 are on the same LAN for test purposes. Edit 1: There are two VLANs defined on the cisco device (the standard setup on cisco ASA5505). - port 0 is on VLAN2, outside; - and ports 1 to 7 on VLAN1, inside. I run a cable from my linksys home router (10.50.10.1) to the cisco ASA5505 router on port 0 (outside). Port 0 have IP 192.168.1.1 used internally by cisco and I have also assigned the external IP 10.50.10.206 to port 0 (outside). I run a cable from Windows XP to Cisco router on port 1 (inside). Port 1 is assigned an IP from Cisco router 192.168.1.2. The Windows XP is also connected to my linksys home router via wireless (10.50.10.141). Edit 2: When I try to establish vpn, the Cisco device real time Log viewer shows 7 entries like this: Severity:5 Date:Sep 15 2009 Time: 14:51:29 SyslogID: 713904 Destination IP = 10.50.10.141, Decription: No crypto map bound to interface... dropping pkt Edit 3: This is the setup on the router right now. Result of the command: "show run" : Saved : ASA Version 7.2(4) ! hostname ciscoasa domain-name default.domain.invalid enable password HGFHGFGHFHGHGFHGF encrypted passwd NMMNMNMNMNMNMN encrypted names name 192.168.1.200 WebServer1 name 10.50.10.206 external-ip-address ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address external-ip-address 255.0.0.0 ! interface Vlan3 no nameif security-level 50 no ip address ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name default.domain.invalid object-group service l2tp udp port-object eq 1701 access-list outside_access_in remark Allow incoming tcp/http access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host WebServer1 eq www access-list outside_access_in extended permit udp any any eq 1701 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 192.168.1.208 255.255.255.240 access-list inside_cryptomap_1 extended permit ip interface outside interface inside pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 ip local pool PPTP-VPN 192.168.1.210-192.168.1.220 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-524.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface www WebServer1 www netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group outside_access_in in interface outside timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA mode transport crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 esp-3des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 mode transport crypto map outside_map 1 match address inside_cryptomap_1 crypto map outside_map 1 set transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 crypto map outside_map interface inside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash md5 group 2 lifetime 86400 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.33 inside dhcpd enable inside ! group-policy DefaultRAGroup internal group-policy DefaultRAGroup attributes dns-server value 192.168.1.1 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec l2tp-ipsec username myusername password FGHFGHFHGFHGFGFHF nt-encrypted tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup general-attributes address-pool PPTP-VPN default-group-policy DefaultRAGroup tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ppp-attributes no authentication chap authentication ms-chap-v2 ! ! prompt hostname context Cryptochecksum:a9331e84064f27e6220a8667bf5076c1 : end

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• How can I resolve this one application coming up with an "You don't have permission to use the application" error?

  - by morgant

  I've got a Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard Server Open Directory Master with a user who's getting Mobility & Application managed preferences from a group (the only group they're a member of). The workstation is also running Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, when the user logs in and tries to run our primary application which they're explicitly allowed to run (via the group's preferences), it says "You don't have permission to use the application 'Blah'". Now, the application is added to the group's list of always allowed applications, unsigned (so a minor difference in application version or file contents shouldn't disallow it). It even lives in a subdirectory of /Applications which is in the list of folders to allow applications. I've run into this when logging this user into new workstations and the following usually works: Log them out Remove the following files from their mobile home folder on the workstation: /Library/Managed\ Preferences/, ~/.FileSync, ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.finder.plist, and ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist. Remove the following files from their network home folder on the server: ~/.FileSync, ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.finder.plist, and ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist. Log them back in on the workstation. However, this no longer resolves the issue. Their Home Sync preferences are set (on the group) to sync ~, but not the following files (manually, at login, and at logout... no background sync here): ~/.SymAVQSFile ~/NAVMac800QSFile ~/Library ~/.FileSync ~/.account Their Preferences Sync preferences are set (also on the group) to sync ~/Library & ~/Documents/Microsoft User Data, but not the following files (also manually, at login, and at logout... no background sync): ~/.SymAVQSFile ~/.Trash ~/.Trashes ~/Documents/Microsoft User Data/Entourage Temp ~/Library/Application Support/SyncServices ~/Library/Application Support/MobileSync ~/Library/Caches ~/Library/Calendars/Calendar Cache ~/Library/Logs ~/Library/Mail/AvailableFeeds ~/Library/Mail/Envelope Index ~/Library/Preferences/Macromedia/ ~/Library/Printers ~/Library/PubSub/Database ~/Library/PubSub/Downloads ~/Library/PubSub/Feeds ~/Library/Safari/Icons.db ~/Library/Safari/HistoryIndex.sk ~/Library/iTunes/iPhone Software Updates IMAP-* Exchange-* EWS-* Mac-* ~/Library/Preferences/ByHost ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.dock.plist ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.sitebarlists.plist ~/Library/Application Support/4D ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist ~/.FileSync ~/.account Even with ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist prevented from syncing during a Preferences Sync, it still seems to show up in the network home on the server frequently. Are there any other files other than ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist that contain application Managed Preferences that might be causing this one app to be showing up as not allowed? Any ideas on how ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist keeps getting sync'd back up the network home folder on the server? Update: I thought I had found a workaround this morning, but it also seemed to be extremely temporary. Basically, loking at /Library/Managed\ Preferences/[shortname]/com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist I discovered that it didn't have an entry for the application in question, but /Library/Managed\ Preferences/[shortname]/complete.plist did. Naturally, I deleted com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist, logged in again, and it worked... on one workstation. It failed on others, and after logging out & back in a couple more times it started failing on all of them again, even after further deletions of com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist. Oddly, com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist & complete.plist do both contain an entry for the application in question now, but it still says it's not allowed. Further Update: Okay, so I now have a reproducible workaround which seems to be required after every reboot of the workstation: Log in as the user (you'll discover you cannot launch the application in question). Fast User Switch to the local admin account on the workstation (we always have one on every machine). From that local admin account, run sudo mcxrefresh -n 'shortname' (logging out and back in as the user in question will not work). Fast User Switch back to the user (you'll still not be allowed to run the application). Log the user out and back in (you'll now be able to run the application in question.) Fast User Switch back to the local admin account, log it out, and log back in as the user in question. If you do all that exactly as described it'll keep working through log out & log back in, but NOT through a reboot. If, after a reboot, you try something like logging in as the local admin account, running sudo mcxrefresh -n 'shortname', logging out, then logging in as the user in question, it will NOT work. Yet Another Update We don't have any computer groups in our Open Directory, so it shouldn't be getting any conflicting settings from there. I ran sudo mcxquery -format xml -user shortname -group groupname before & after performing the aforementioned process to allow the application in question to be run and the results were identical (saved the result to files & diff'd... I'm not just guessing here). One Step Forward, Half a Step Back: When the Mac OS X 10.6.5 Server update was released, we upgraded our Open Directory Master to it as the changes included the following managed preferences fixes which I hoped might address this issue: Addresses an issue that could prevent managed preferences from being applied when a user logs in on a workstation that has been idle. Fixes an issue that could prevent administrators from bypassing client management settings on a workstation. This seemed to improve the situation slightly. The application in question now usually launches without error. If, and when it does launch with the "You don't have permission to use the application" error, logging the user out and back in seems to correct it. That said, we've since had to add a couple of applications to the user's ~/Applications/ directory and those are still prevented from launching. The workstations are running Mac OS X 10.6.4, the OD Master (which the workstations are bound to) is running Mac OS 10.6.5 Server (although there are two OD Replicas still running 10.6.4 Server), and we're using Workgroup Manager 10.6.3 (which is included with the Server Admin Tools 10.6.5 upgrade) to add the applications (unsigned, as always). This time, I've caught the following in /var/log/system.log when attempting to launch one of the allowed applications from ~/Applications: Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname parentalcontrolsd[43221]: -[ActivityTracker checkApp:csFlags:] [954:username] -- *** Incoming app appears to be masquerading as white listed app and failed signature validation: /Users/username/Applications/FileMaker Pro 5.5/FileMaker Pro.app/Contents/MacOS/FileMaker Pro. Note: This may be a valid app of a different version than what was whitelisted (on a different volume?) Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname [0x0-0xa42a42].com.filemaker.filemakerpro[43304]: launch of /Users/username/Applications/FileMaker Pro 5.5/FileMaker Pro.app/Contents/MacOS/FileMaker Pro was blocked Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname com.apple.launchd.peruser.1340[6375] ([0x0-0xa42a42].com.filemaker.filemakerpro[43304]): Exited with exit code: 255 Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname parentalcontrolsd[43221]: -[ActivityTracker(Private) _removeAppFromWhiteList:] [1362:username] -- *** Couldn't find local user record Running sudo mcxquery -format xml -user username -group groupname includes the following entry for FileMaker Pro 5.5 (and appears to include a full integration of the user's application whitelist & group's application whitelist): <dict> <key>bundleID</key> <string>com.filemaker.filemakerpro</string> <key>displayName</key> <string>FileMaker Pro</string> </dict> Note the lack of <key>appID</key><data> ... </data> which seems to specify a signed application. While whitelisted directories also appear to be correctly listed in the results, they too do not actually allow the applications to be run either. What is going on here?! Where else should I be looking?

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• Bypass cache for mobile user agents, VARNISH+NGINX+W3CACHE

  - by Mike McGhee

  Right now I'm running Wordpress w/ W3 Cache on nginx with varnish front end. I'm trying to use the WP Touch Pro plugin for wordpress to display mobile sites, but it is not working. Shows the desktop theme still. I've put the mobile user agents in the rejected user agents box in w3 cache. Here is the nginx config w3 cache spit out: BEGIN W3TC Page Cache cache location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/pgcache.*html$ { expires modified 3600s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding, Cookie"; } location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/pgcache.*gzip$ { gzip off; types {} default_type text/html; expires modified 3600s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding, Cookie"; add_header Content-Encoding gzip; } # END W3TC Page Cache cache # BEGIN W3TC Browser Cache gzip on; gzip_types text/css application/x-javascript text/x-component text/richtext image/svg+xml text/plain text/xsd text/xsl text/xml image/x-icon; location ~ \.(css|js|htc)$ { expires 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; } location ~ \.(html|htm|rtf|rtx|svg|svgz|txt|xsd|xsl|xml)$ { expires 3600s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; } location ~ \.(asf|asx|wax|wmv|wmx|avi|bmp|class|divx|doc|docx|eot|exe|gif|gz|gzip|ico|jpg|jpeg|jpe|mdb|mid|midi|mov|qt|mp3|m4a|mp4|m4v|mpeg|mpg|mpe|mpp|otf|odb|odc|odf|odg|odp|ods|odt|ogg|pdf|png|pot|pps|ppt|pptx|ra|ram|svg|svgz|swf|tar|tif|tiff|ttf|ttc|wav|wma|wri|xla|xls|xlsx|xlt|xlw|zip)$ { expires 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; } # END W3TC Browser Cache # BEGIN W3TC Minify core rewrite ^/wp-content/w3tc/min/w3tc_rewrite_test$ /wp-content/w3tc/min/index.php?w3tc_rewrite_test=1 last; rewrite ^/wp-content/w3tc/min/(.+\.(css|js))$ /wp-content/w3tc/min/index.php?file=$1 last; # END W3TC Minify core # BEGIN W3TC Page Cache core rewrite ^(.*\/)?w3tc_rewrite_test$ $1?w3tc_rewrite_test=1 last; set $w3tc_rewrite 1; if ($request_method = POST) { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($query_string != "") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($http_host != "mysite.com") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } set $w3tc_rewrite2 1; if ($request_uri !~ \/$) { set $w3tc_rewrite2 0; } if ($request_uri ~* "(sitemap(_index)?\.xml(\.gz)?|[a-z0-9_\-]+-sitemap([0-9]+)?\.xml(\.gz)?)") { set $w3tc_rewrite2 1; } if ($w3tc_rewrite2 != 1) { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } set $w3tc_rewrite3 1; if ($request_uri ~* "(\/wp-admin\/|\/xmlrpc.php|\/wp-(app|cron|login|register|mail)\.php|\/feed\/|wp-.*\.php|index\.php)") { set $w3tc_rewrite3 0; } if ($request_uri ~* "(wp\-comments\-popup\.php|wp\-links\-opml\.php|wp\-locations\.php)") { set $w3tc_rewrite3 1; } if ($w3tc_rewrite3 != 1) { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($http_cookie ~* "(comment_author|wp\-postpass|wordpress_\[a\-f0\-9\]\+|wordpress_logged_in)") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($http_user_agent ~* "(W3\ Total\ Cache/0\.9\.2\.4|iphone|ipod|ipad|aspen|incognito|webmate|android|dream|cupcake|froyo|blackberry9500|blackberry9520|blackberry9530|blackberry9550|blackberry\ 9800|blackberry\ 9780|webos|s8000|bada)") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } set $w3tc_ua ""; if ($http_user_agent ~* "(acer\ s100|android|archos5|blackberry9500|blackberry9530|blackberry9550|blackberry\ 9800|cupcake|docomo\ ht\-03a|dream|htc\ hero|htc\ magic|htc_dream|htc_magic|incognito|ipad|iphone|ipod|kindle|lg\-gw620|liquid\ build|maemo|mot\-mb200|mot\-mb300|nexus\ one|opera\ mini|samsung\-s8000|series60.*webkit|series60/5\.0|sonyericssone10|sonyericssonu20|sonyericssonx10|t\-mobile\ mytouch\ 3g|t\-mobile\ opal|tattoo|webmate|webos)") { set $w3tc_ua _high; } set $w3tc_ref ""; set $w3tc_ssl ""; set $w3tc_enc ""; if ($http_accept_encoding ~ gzip) { set $w3tc_enc _gzip; } set $w3tc_ext ""; if (-f "$document_root/wp-content/w3tc/pgcache/$request_uri/_index$w3tc_ua$w3tc_ref$w3tc_ssl.html$w3tc_enc") { set $w3tc_ext .html; } if ($w3tc_ext = "") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($w3tc_rewrite = 1) { rewrite .* "/wp- content/w3tc/pgcache/$request_uri/_index$w3tc_ua$w3tc_ref$w3tc_ssl$w3tc_ext$w3tc_enc" last; } # END W3TC Page Cache core And here is what I have in my varnish vcl.. sub vcl_recv { # Add a unique header containing the client address remove req.http.X-Forwarded-For; set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; # Device detection set req.http.X-Device = "desktop"; if ( req.http.User-Agent ~ "iP(hone|od|ad)" || req.http.User-Agent ~ "Android" ) { set req.http.X-Device = "smart"; } elseif ( req.http.User-Agent ~ "(SymbianOS|BlackBerry|SonyEricsson|Nokia|SAMSUNG|^LG)" ) { set req.http.X-Device = "cell"; } Any help is greatly appreciated, I've been banging my head against this for 2 days..

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• How can I resolve this one application coming up with an "You don't have permission to use the application" error?

  - by morgant

  I've got a Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard Server Open Directory Master with a user who's getting Mobility & Application managed preferences from a group (the only group they're a member of). The workstation is also running Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, when the user logs in and tries to run our primary application which they're explicitly allowed to run (via the group's preferences), it says "You don't have permission to use the application 'Blah'". Now, the application is added to the group's list of always allowed applications, unsigned (so a minor difference in application version or file contents shouldn't disallow it). It even lives in a subdirectory of /Applications which is in the list of folders to allow applications. I've run into this when logging this user into new workstations and the following usually works: Log them out Remove the following files from their mobile home folder on the workstation: /Library/Managed\ Preferences/, ~/.FileSync, ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.finder.plist, and ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist. Remove the following files from their network home folder on the server: ~/.FileSync, ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.finder.plist, and ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist. Log them back in on the workstation. However, this no longer resolves the issue. Their Home Sync preferences are set (on the group) to sync ~, but not the following files (manually, at login, and at logout... no background sync here): ~/.SymAVQSFile ~/NAVMac800QSFile ~/Library ~/.FileSync ~/.account Their Preferences Sync preferences are set (also on the group) to sync ~/Library & ~/Documents/Microsoft User Data, but not the following files (also manually, at login, and at logout... no background sync): ~/.SymAVQSFile ~/.Trash ~/.Trashes ~/Documents/Microsoft User Data/Entourage Temp ~/Library/Application Support/SyncServices ~/Library/Application Support/MobileSync ~/Library/Caches ~/Library/Calendars/Calendar Cache ~/Library/Logs ~/Library/Mail/AvailableFeeds ~/Library/Mail/Envelope Index ~/Library/Preferences/Macromedia/ ~/Library/Printers ~/Library/PubSub/Database ~/Library/PubSub/Downloads ~/Library/PubSub/Feeds ~/Library/Safari/Icons.db ~/Library/Safari/HistoryIndex.sk ~/Library/iTunes/iPhone Software Updates IMAP-* Exchange-* EWS-* Mac-* ~/Library/Preferences/ByHost ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.dock.plist ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.sitebarlists.plist ~/Library/Application Support/4D ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist ~/.FileSync ~/.account Even with ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist prevented from syncing during a Preferences Sync, it still seems to show up in the network home on the server frequently. Are there any other files other than ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist that contain application Managed Preferences that might be causing this one app to be showing up as not allowed? Any ideas on how ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.MCX.plist keeps getting sync'd back up the network home folder on the server? Update: I thought I had found a workaround this morning, but it also seemed to be extremely temporary. Basically, loking at /Library/Managed\ Preferences/[shortname]/com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist I discovered that it didn't have an entry for the application in question, but /Library/Managed\ Preferences/[shortname]/complete.plist did. Naturally, I deleted com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist, logged in again, and it worked... on one workstation. It failed on others, and after logging out & back in a couple more times it started failing on all of them again, even after further deletions of com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist. Oddly, com.apple.applicationaccess.new.plist & complete.plist do both contain an entry for the application in question now, but it still says it's not allowed. Further Update: Okay, so I now have a reproducible workaround which seems to be required after every reboot of the workstation: Log in as the user (you'll discover you cannot launch the application in question). Fast User Switch to the local admin account on the workstation (we always have one on every machine). From that local admin account, run sudo mcxrefresh -n 'shortname' (logging out and back in as the user in question will not work). Fast User Switch back to the user (you'll still not be allowed to run the application). Log the user out and back in (you'll now be able to run the application in question.) Fast User Switch back to the local admin account, log it out, and log back in as the user in question. If you do all that exactly as described it'll keep working through log out & log back in, but NOT through a reboot. If, after a reboot, you try something like logging in as the local admin account, running sudo mcxrefresh -n 'shortname', logging out, then logging in as the user in question, it will NOT work. Yet Another Update We don't have any computer groups in our Open Directory, so it shouldn't be getting any conflicting settings from there. I ran sudo mcxquery -format xml -user shortname -group groupname before & after performing the aforementioned process to allow the application in question to be run and the results were identical (saved the result to files & diff'd... I'm not just guessing here). One Step Forward, Half a Step Back: When the Mac OS X 10.6.5 Server update was released, we upgraded our Open Directory Master to it as the changes included the following managed preferences fixes which I hoped might address this issue: Addresses an issue that could prevent managed preferences from being applied when a user logs in on a workstation that has been idle. Fixes an issue that could prevent administrators from bypassing client management settings on a workstation. This seemed to improve the situation slightly. The application in question now usually launches without error. If, and when it does launch with the "You don't have permission to use the application" error, logging the user out and back in seems to correct it. That said, we've since had to add a couple of applications to the user's ~/Applications/ directory and those are still prevented from launching. The workstations are running Mac OS X 10.6.4, the OD Master (which the workstations are bound to) is running Mac OS 10.6.5 Server (although there are two OD Replicas still running 10.6.4 Server), and we're using Workgroup Manager 10.6.3 (which is included with the Server Admin Tools 10.6.5 upgrade) to add the applications (unsigned, as always). This time, I've caught the following in /var/log/system.log when attempting to launch one of the allowed applications from ~/Applications: Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname parentalcontrolsd[43221]: -[ActivityTracker checkApp:csFlags:] [954:username] -- *** Incoming app appears to be masquerading as white listed app and failed signature validation: /Users/username/Applications/FileMaker Pro 5.5/FileMaker Pro.app/Contents/MacOS/FileMaker Pro. Note: This may be a valid app of a different version than what was whitelisted (on a different volume?) Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname [0x0-0xa42a42].com.filemaker.filemakerpro[43304]: launch of /Users/username/Applications/FileMaker Pro 5.5/FileMaker Pro.app/Contents/MacOS/FileMaker Pro was blocked Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname com.apple.launchd.peruser.1340[6375] ([0x0-0xa42a42].com.filemaker.filemakerpro[43304]): Exited with exit code: 255 Dec 22 17:36:24 hostname parentalcontrolsd[43221]: -[ActivityTracker(Private) _removeAppFromWhiteList:] [1362:username] -- *** Couldn't find local user record Running sudo mcxquery -format xml -user username -group groupname includes the following entry for FileMaker Pro 5.5 (and appears to include a full integration of the user's application whitelist & group's application whitelist): <dict> <key>bundleID</key> <string>com.filemaker.filemakerpro</string> <key>displayName</key> <string>FileMaker Pro</string> </dict> Note the lack of <key>appID</key><data> ... </data> which seems to specify a signed application. While whitelisted directories also appear to be correctly listed in the results, they too do not actually allow the applications to be run either. What is going on here?! Where else should I be looking?

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• Resolve Wrong IP from Domain Name only on certain networks

  - by Godric Seer

  I host a personal website on an old desktop that is LAMP based. There are several strange things about this problem so I will break it down into steps. Since I have a dynamic IP, I use no-ip to make sure I have a working domain name at all times. I use the automatic update client, but logged in and checked and my no-ip domain has the proper IP tied to it. Here is a link to the homepage through the no-ip domain for reference. Also, I do a ping and a traceroute on the no-ip domain and get: [eckertzs@localhost ~]$ ping -c 1 endradil.noip.me PING endradil.noip.me (65.24.215.99) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from endradil.noip.me (65.24.215.99): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.23 ms --- endradil.noip.me ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 104ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.233/2.233/2.233/0.000 ms [eckertzs@localhost ~]$ traceroute endradil.noip.me traceroute to endradil.noip.me (65.24.215.99), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 . (192.168.2.1) 1.755 ms 5.409 ms 5.380 ms 2 endradil.noip.me (65.24.215.99) 6.297 ms 9.543 ms 10.324 ms Using this domain, I can connect to my webserver without issue or interruption(the https is required to avoid a redirect serverside, but it works). I also have a domain I have bought on GoDaddy where I have a CNAME record forwarding the www subdomain to my no-ip domain. CNAME Record Host: www Points to: endradil.noip.me TTL: 1 hour For the past several weeks, I never had an issue using the GoDaddy domain to connect (ssh or https). As of the past few days, however, the GoDaddy domain has only worked intermittently, for a few minutes at a time and then will go down for hours at a time. I get server not found errors most of the time. Also, if I happen to be using the GoDaddy domain for an ssh connection, the connection will freeze. I have run online tests of the DNS and have seen that the website is visible by external servers and resolved to the correct IP. I also contacted GoDaddy support but they had no issues connecting to the website, and therefore did not see any issues. My personal computers (Windows desktop, linux laptop, android phone) all fail to connect when on my personal wifi. If I disconnect my phone from the wifi and use my AT&T wireless data, it can connect with both domains without issue. When I attempt to use Google webmaster tools to crawl the site using the GoDaddy domain, Google can not find the site. From my linux laptop, I have found some interesting results when I ping or traceroute the domain. The results from these: [eckertzs@localhost ~]$ ping -c 1 www.endradil.com PING www.endradil.com.Belkin (198.105.244.228) 56(84) bytes of data. --- www.endradil.com.Belkin ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 10000ms [eckertzs@localhost ~]$ traceroute www.endradil.com traceroute to www.endradil.com (198.105.244.228), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 . (192.168.2.1) 1.918 ms 2.806 ms 2.772 ms 2 cpe-65-24-208-1.insight.res.rr.com (65.24.208.1) 29.247 ms 29.654 ms 30.094 ms 3 cpe-69-23-24-117.new.res.rr.com (69.23.24.117) 15.597 ms 23.218 ms 23.581 ms 4 agg24.clmcohib01r.midwest.rr.com (65.29.1.52) 30.581 ms 30.556 ms 31.192 ms 5 be27.clevohek01r.midwest.rr.com (65.29.1.38) 30.580 ms 31.062 ms 31.038 ms 6 bu-ether25.atlngamq47w-bcr01.tbone.rr.com (107.14.19.38) 37.863 ms 68.844 ms 43.773 ms 7 107.14.17.178 (107.14.17.178) 51.866 ms 51.019 ms 50.989 ms 8 ae0.pr1.dca10.tbone.rr.com (107.14.17.200) 48.467 ms ae-4-0.a0.lax91.tbone.rr.com (66.109.1.113) 49.912 ms * 9 v413.core1.ash1.he.net (209.51.175.33) 60.270 ms 50.842 ms 50.819 ms 10 100ge5-1.core1.nyc4.he.net (184.105.223.166) 55.597 ms 56.045 ms 56.020 ms 11 xerocole-inc.10gigabitethernet12-4.core1.nyc4.he.net (216.66.41.242) 56.001 ms 55.969 ms 55.992 ms 12 * * * both show the incorrect IP. Also, the traceroute timesout on hops 12 through 255 (output truncated above). The traceroute using site24x7 works and shows reasonable results when run from their california server. From another linux box on a different network but in the same city as me (10 miles away), I still get timeout for traceroute, however the IP resolves correctly for the domain. From this I believe that the DNS result is incorrectly cached in either my router/modem or perhaps even at my ISP level. My question is, first, how do I find out exactly what is wrong, and second, how do I resolve it.

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• Bad disks in ancient server

  - by Joel Coel

  I have a 1998-era Netware 3.12 server that runs everything on our campus: general ledger, purchasing, payroll, student information, grades, you name it. The server has an Adaptec RAID controller with two volumes: RAID 1, 2 17GB scsi disks, Seagate ST318417W RAID 5, 3 4GB scsi disks, 2 Seagate ST34573W and 1 ST34572W. We are currently in the early stages of a project to replace this system, but you don't just jump into a new system like that and so I need to keep this server running until at least November 2011. This week we had not one but two hard drives fail. Thankfully they are from different volumes and we're able to keep running for the moment, but given the close nature of these failures I have serious doubts that I'll be able to avoid catastrophic failure from this server through the November target as is without restoring the RAID redundancy — it'll only take one more drive failure anywhere and I'm completely hosed. We are fortunate enough to have exact match "spares" lying around for both drives, but the spares are in unknown condition. I tried swapping just them in, but the RAID controller isn't smart enough to handle this and it renders the system unbootable. As for the RAID controller itself, there is utility I can get into during POST via a Ctrl-A shortcut, but I can't do much useful from there. To actually manage volumes I must first boot in to Netware, at which point I can use CI/O Array Management Software Version 2.0 to actually look at volume information. I suspect that the normal way to manage things is to boot from a special floppy with the controller software on it, but that floppy is long gone. Going through the options in the RAID software, I think the only supported way to replace a disk in an existing RAID volume is to physically add the disk, boot up and configure it as a "spare" for a volume, force the volume to use the spare to replace an existing down disk (and at this point I'm only guessing) so that the down disk becomes the spare, repair the volume, remove the spare from the volume, and then shut down and remove the disk. Then start all over for the other failed disk. All this amounts to a lot of downtime, assuming I can even make it work and that my spares are any good. As for finding reliable spares, I have no clue where to even begin looking to find a new 4GB scsi drive, or even which exact scsi system I'm looking for, as it's gone through a few different iterations over time. Another option is to migrate this to a virtual machine (hyper-v), but all previous attempts we've made in this area have failed to get very far. When this machine was installed I was just graduating from high school, and so it requires lower level knowledge of netware and dos than I ever developed, or if I did have since forgotten (I'm not exactly a dos neophyte, either). Part of my problem is this is a high-use server, and taking it down for a few days to figure things out isn't gonna fly very well. As for the question, I'm looking for anything that might be helpful in this situation: a recommendation on a place to find good spares from this era, personal experience repairing RAID volumes using a similar controller or building a hyper-v vm from an old netware server, a line on a floppy with better software for the RAID controller, recommendation on a good Novell consultant in Nebraska that would be able to put things right, a whole other option I haven't considered yet, etc. Update: For backups, we have good (recently verified via restore) backups of the data only -- nothing for the software that actually runs things. Update 2: Just a progress report that I currently have a working Netware 3.12 install in VMWare Virtual Server 2.0, thanks largely to the guide I found here: http://cerbulescubogdan.blogspot.com/2010/11/novell-netware-312-on-vmware.html The next steps are preparing empty netware volumes to match the additional volumes on my existing server, taking a dump of everything on the C:\ drive and netware volumes on my existing server, and figuring out from that information what modules need added to netware, installing my licenses (we do still have that disk, if it's any good), and moving data over. I have approval to bring the server down for a week after the first of the year (sadly not before), so, aside from creating empty volumes, the rest of the work will have to wait until then. Final Update (Jan 5, 2011): I was able to get spares working in both raid arrays without data loss this week. Both are now listed by the controller as "FAULT TOLLERANT" (yay!). I was also able to build on the progress from my last update and now have a functional "spare" server in VMWare Server 2.0. The spare can run and use our erp software, but I can't put it into production because I can't (yet) print from that box (and I have no idea why). Even so, this VM will do in a pinch if I have no other choice, and between it and the repaired RAID arrays I'm comfortable pushing on until I can junk the machine in November.

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• setting up Ubuntu 10.10 as paravirtualized guest in Xen on RHEL5 host - what kernel?

  - by kostmo

  I've discovered the tool ubuntu-vm-builder, which I've installed and then invoked on an Ubuntu workstation as: sudo vmbuilder xen ubuntu --suite maverick --flavour virtual --arch amd64 --mem=512 --rootsize 8192 This workstation is not the intended target host of the virtual machine, however; I would like to host the guest on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 machine that is running Xen 3.0.3. The output of this command appears to be a folder named ubuntu-xen containing three files: tmpXXXXXX, a very large file which I assume is the root partition image tmpYYYYYY, a somewhat large file which I assume is the swap partition image xen.conf, a text file I have copied the xen.conf file to the RHEL server's /etc/xen directory under the new name newvm, adjusting the paths of tempXXXXXX and tempYYYYYYin the file after also copying them from my local workstation to the RHEL server. When I launch the Virtual Machine Manager virt-manager, I can see the newvm virtual machine listed underneath the Dom0 machine. When I try to start newvm, I get the error: Error starting domain: virDomainCreate() failed POST operation failed: (xend.err 'Error creating domain: Kernel image does not exist: None') Indeed, there exists an entry kernel = 'None' in the xen.conf file. How do I find out what the path of the kernel should be? Is this path supposed to be to a kernel stored on the local filesystem of the RHEL5 host, or is it supposed to be a path inside the guest image? I see that the vmbuilder command provides for a --xen-kernel option, along with a --xen-ramdisk option, but I'm not sure what to use for either. I think I should be able to get this to work, since Ubuntu is said to be supported as a Xen guest, even though the Xen 4.0.1 docs state support for only a limited set of distributions, Ubuntu excluded. Update 1 When running vmbuilder on my local workstation, I did observe an output line saying: Calling hook: install_kernel and later, output lines saying: update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-23-virtual [...] run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 2.6.35-23-virtual /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-23-virtual So in the xen.conf file, I tried setting the lines: kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-23-virtual' ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-23-virtual' When trying to start the VM, I got an error similar to last time: Error starting domain: virDomainCreate() failed POST operation failed: (xend.err 'Error creating domain: Kernel image does not exist: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-23-virtual') This makes me think that the RHEL5 machine is looking for local files, rather than a file within the binary guest disk image. After running sudo updatedb on my workstation, neither of those files were found. If the vmbuilder tool had tried to install them, it must have failed. Update 2 I was able to extract the kernel and initrd images from the guest disk binary by mounting it: mkdir mnt_tmp sudo mount ubuntu-xen/tmpXXXXXX mnt_tmp/ -o loop cp mnt_tmp/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-23-virtual virtual_kernel_ubuntu cp mnt_tmp/boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-23-virtual virtual_initrd_ubuntu These two files I copied to the RHEL5 server, and edited the xen.conf file to point to them as kernel and ramdisk. With this done, I could "run" the newvm virtual machine from within virt-manager, but was met with the message Console Not Configured For Guest when I double clicked the entry to open the Virtual Machine Console. As suggested by a forum, I then added the line vfb = [ 'type=vnc' ] to the configuration file, recreated the virtual machine (a ~10 min process), and this time got the message: Connecting to console for guest This remained indefinitely; after selecting View - Serial Console, I found a kernel panic: [5442621.272173] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill the idle task! [5442621.272179] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Tainted: G D 2.6.35-23-virtual #41-Ubuntu [5442621.272184] Call Trace: [5442621.272191] [<ffffffff815a1b81>] panic+0x90/0x111 [5442621.272199] [<ffffffff810652ee>] do_exit+0x3be/0x3f0 [5442621.272204] [<ffffffff815a5e20>] oops_end+0xb0/0xf0 [5442621.272211] [<ffffffff8100ddeb>] die+0x5b/0x90 [5442621.272216] [<ffffffff815a56c4>] do_trap+0xc4/0x170 [5442621.272221] [<ffffffff8100ba35>] do_invalid_op+0x95/0xb0 [5442621.272227] [<ffffffff8130851c>] ? intel_idle+0xac/0x180 [5442621.272232] [<ffffffff810072bf>] ? xen_restore_fl_direct_end+0x0/0x1 [5442621.272239] [<ffffffff815a48fe>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x1e/0x30 [5442621.272247] [<ffffffff8108dfb7>] ? tick_broadcast_oneshot_control+0xc7/0x120 [5442621.272253] [<ffffffff8100ad5b>] invalid_op+0x1b/0x20 [5442621.272259] [<ffffffff8130851c>] ? intel_idle+0xac/0x180 [5442621.272264] [<ffffffff813084e0>] ? intel_idle+0x70/0x180 [5442621.272269] [<ffffffff810072bf>] ? xen_restore_fl_direct_end+0x0/0x1 [5442621.272275] [<ffffffff8148a147>] cpuidle_idle_call+0xa7/0x140 [5442621.272281] [<ffffffff81008d93>] cpu_idle+0xb3/0x110 [5442621.272286] [<ffffffff815873aa>] rest_init+0x8a/0x90 [5442621.272291] [<ffffffff81b04c9d>] start_kernel+0x387/0x390 [5442621.272297] [<ffffffff81b04341>] x86_64_start_reservations+0x12c/0x130 [5442621.272303] [<ffffffff81b08002>] xen_start_kernel+0x55d/0x561 Update 3 I tried an i386 architecture instead of amd64, but got the same kernel panic. Also, it seems the Virtual Machine Manager pays attention to the format of the filename of the kernel; for the same kernel binary, I tried simply naming it vmlinuz-virtual, which threw out an error box about an invalid kernel. When I named it vmlinuz-2.6.35-23-virtual, it did not throw the error, but it did still result in the kernel panic shortly thereafter.

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• Linux Kernel crash mutex_lock_slowpath "blocked for more than 120 seconds". What to do?

  - by Roddick

  I have out-of-the box Debian Lenny with non-custom kernel 2.6.26-2-amd64. Brand new server that is used to 5% of it's potential, CPU and Disk-wise. Meaning it probably not crashing because of overload. every few days it freezes with hundreds of these messages in console log: : [284847.828428] INFO: task apache2:12473 blocked for more than 120 seconds. : [284847.868468] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. : [284847.912759] apache2 D ffff8101bc6b7ab0 0 12473 14358 : [284847.912763] ffff810160d5bc50 0000000000000082 ffff8101c0002e40 0000000000000000 : [284847.912766] ffff8101a7c42950 ffff810327d92810 ffff8101a7c42bd8 0000000400000044 : [284847.912770] ffff8101c0002e40 00000000000612d0 0000000000000000 00000040000612d0 : [284847.912773] Call Trace: : [284847.912786] [<ffffffff80429b0d>] __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x64/0x9b : [284847.912790] [<ffffffff80429972>] mutex_lock+0xa/0xb : [284847.912794] [<ffffffff802a20b9>] do_lookup+0x82/0x1c1 : [284847.912800] [<ffffffff802a4271>] __link_path_walk+0x87a/0xd19 : [284847.912805] [<ffffffff80295844>] kmem_getpages+0x96/0x15f : [284847.912808] [<ffffffff80295fb7>] ____cache_alloc_node+0x6d/0x106 : [284847.912814] [<ffffffff802a4756>] path_walk+0x46/0x8b : [284847.912819] [<ffffffff802a4a82>] do_path_lookup+0x158/0x1cf : [284847.912822] [<ffffffff802a3879>] getname+0x140/0x1a7 : [284847.912827] [<ffffffff802a53f1>] __user_walk_fd+0x37/0x4c : [284847.912831] [<ffffffff8029e381>] vfs_lstat_fd+0x18/0x47 : [284847.912840] [<ffffffff8029e3c9>] sys_newlstat+0x19/0x31 : [284847.912848] [<ffffffff8020beda>] system_call_after_swapgs+0x8a/0x8f Almost all traces has __mutex_lock_slowpath as top-level. Only some has different trace: : [284847.737386] INFO: task apache2:12472 blocked for more than 120 seconds. : [284847.777551] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. : [284847.824881] apache2 D ffff8101bc6b7ab0 0 12472 14358 : [284847.824886] ffff8101b9cc1c50 0000000000000086 ffffffffa0131e0a 0000000000000002 : [284847.824889] ffff8102e7454300 ffff810324c6cad0 ffff8102e7454588 0000000000000000 : [284847.824893] 0000000000000001 0000000000000296 0000000000000003 ffff8101b9cc1c58 : [284847.824896] Call Trace: : [284847.828403] [<ffffffffa0131e0a>] :ext3:__ext3_journal_dirty_metadata+0x1e/0x46 : [284847.828412] [<ffffffff80429b0d>] __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x64/0x9b : [284847.828418] [<ffffffff80429972>] mutex_lock+0xa/0xb : [284847.828421] [<ffffffff802a20b9>] do_lookup+0x82/0x1c1 : [284847.828427] [<ffffffff802a4271>] __link_path_walk+0x87a/0xd19 : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff80271296>] find_lock_page+0x1f/0x8a : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff80273182>] filemap_fault+0x1c2/0x33c : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff802a4756>] path_walk+0x46/0x8b : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff802a4a82>] do_path_lookup+0x158/0x1cf : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff802a3879>] getname+0x140/0x1a7 : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff802a53f1>] __user_walk_fd+0x37/0x4c : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff8029e381>] vfs_lstat_fd+0x18/0x47 : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff8029e3c9>] sys_newlstat+0x19/0x31 : [284847.828428] [<ffffffff8020beda>] system_call_after_swapgs+0x8a/0x8f kernel: [1912668.466347] INFO: task apache2:17984 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [1912668.507035] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. : [1912668.555165] apache2 D ffff8101c5637ba0 0 17984 17282 : [1912668.596752] ffff810166a7dd30 0000000000000086 0000000000000000 ffff810166a7dcd8 : [1912668.643341] ffff8101c563c880 ffff81024505f000 0000000000000002 ffff810166a7dd68 : [1912668.699566] 0000000000000086 00000000000cb1a0 0000000000000000 ffff81017f344d60 : [1912668.744773] Call Trace: : [1912668.761754] [<ffffffff8022a3ed>] pick_next_task_fair+0x6e/0x7a : [1912668.829311] [<ffffffff802be0e2>] bio_alloc_bioset+0x89/0xd9 : [1912668.861930] [<ffffffff8024ac3a>] getnstimeofday+0x39/0x98 : [1912668.897005] [<ffffffff802710f6>] sync_page+0x0/0x41 : [1912668.927868] [<ffffffff80429487>] io_schedule+0x5c/0x9e : [1912668.960286] [<ffffffff80271132>] sync_page+0x3c/0x41 : [1912668.991756] [<ffffffff804295fa>] __wait_on_bit_lock+0x36/0x66 : [1912669.031757] [<ffffffff802710e3>] __lock_page+0x5e/0x64 : [1912669.064191] [<ffffffff802461d3>] wake_bit_function+0x0/0x23 : [1912669.100100] [<ffffffff80281bc5>] handle_mm_fault+0x5e4/0x8de : [1912669.134531] [<ffffffff802461a5>] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2e : [1912669.174623] [<ffffffff802aa108>] fcntl_setlk+0x1cf/0x291 : [1912669.210623] [<ffffffff802461a5>] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2e : [1912669.246923] [<ffffffff802a677f>] sys_fcntl+0x280/0x2f7 After googling for "mutex_lock_slowpath" I can only find the Kernel mailing list discussions that this issue was introduced in some commit. Wthout reference to verison. Discussions as recent as Jan 25, 2011. The Kernel I am using is form Debian Lenny, year ago. What should I do? Is this bug even fixed in kernel? if it's such obvious bug why it happens so rarely? Should I download latest kernel from kernel.org and upgrade? Should I use Debian backports to install new "Approved" kernel? Am I missing something? What to do?

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