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• How to configure mod_proxy_balancer to gracefully fail under high load

  - by bramp

  We have a system which has one Apache instance in front of multiple tomcats. These tomcats then connect to various databases. We balance the load to the tomcat with mod_proxy_balancer. Currently we are receiving 100 requests a second, the load on the Apache server is quite low, but due to database heavy operations on the tomcats, the load there is roughly 25% (of what I estimate they can handle). In a few weeks there is an event happening and we estimate that our requests will jump significant, maybe by a factor of 10. I'm doing everything I can do reduce the load on our tomcats, but I know we are going to run out of capacity, so I would like to fail gracefully. By this I mean, instead of trying to deal with too many connections which all timeout, I would like Apache to somehow monitor average response time, and as soon as the response time to Tomcat is getting above some threshold, I would like a error page displayed. This means that users who are lucky still get a page rendered quickly, and those who are unlucky get a error page quickly. Instead of everyone waiting far too long for their page, and eventually everyone timing out, and the database being swamped with queries which are never used. Hopefully this makes sense, so I was looking for suggestions on how I could achieve this. thanks

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• SQL Sentry Truth-Telling and Disk Configuration

  - by AjarnMark

  Recently, SQL Sentry told me something about my SQL Server disk configurations that I just didn’t want to believe, but alas, it was true. Several days ago I posted my First Impressions of the SQL Sentry Power Suite.  Today’s post could fall into the category of, “Hey, as long as you have that fancy tool…”  Unfortunately, it also falls into the category of an overloaded worker taking someone else’s word for the truth, not verifying it with independent fact-checking, and then making decisions based on that.  Here’s my story… I’m not exactly an Accidental DBA (or Involuntary DBA as Paul Randal calls it).  I came to this company five years ago as a lead application developer with extensive experience in database design and development.  I worked my way into management, and along the way, took over the DBA responsibilities.  Fortunately, our systems run pretty smoothly most of the time, but I’m always looking for ways to make them better and to fit into my understanding of best practices.  When I took over as DBA, I inherited a SQL 2000 server with about 30 databases on it supporting our main systems, and a SQL 2005 server with multiple instances.  Both of these servers were configured with the Operating System and Application files on the C drive, data files on a different drive letter, and log files on a third drive letter.  Even before I took over as DBA, I verified that this was true with a previous server administrator, and that these represented actual separate disks.  He stated that they did, and I thought that all was well. Then one day, I’m poking around inside the SQL Sentry Performance Advisor, checking out features as I am evaluating whether to purchase the product, and I come across a Disk Configuration section.  The first thing I notice is that the drives do not have the proper partition offset, which was not at all surprising to me given the age of the installation and the relative newness of that topic.  But what threw me for a loop was that the graphic display appeared to be telling me that I did not in fact have three separate drives (or arrays) but rather had two, and that the log files were merely on a separate volume on the same physical array as the OS.  I figured that I must be reading it wrong so I scanned the Help file, but that just seemed to confirm my interpretation.  Then I thought, “there must be something wrong with the demo version of the software!  This can’t be right!”  But just to double-check, I went to our current server admin to talk it over with him, and sure enough, SQL Sentry was telling the truth! I was stunned!  I quickly went through the grieving process…denial…anger…reconciliation.  Here was something that I thought was such a basic truth that was turned upside down.  OK, granted, this wasn’t disastrous.  Our databases didn’t suddenly grind to a halt.  I didn’t get calls late at night inquiring about the sudden downturn in performance.  But it was a bit of a shock to the system, in a good way, to jolt me out of taking what I had believed as the truth for granted, and instead to Trust, but Verify! Yes, before someone else points it out, I know that there are”free” disk management tools built-in to Windows that would have told me the same thing if I had only looked at them; I did not have to buy a fancy tool to tell me that, but the fact is, until I was evaluating the tool, I had just gone with what I was told, and never bothered to check what was actually there. So, what things do you believe to be true but you actually never verified?

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• Load Sharing Regarding Large Websites

  - by JHarley1

  Hello, I have a question regarding Load Sharing for large websites. My Understanding: So if you have a website that has millions of fits a day you will need to have an architecture that can support this sort of pressure. You can either do one or two things: Invest in a single large server that has huge amounts of processing power, memory and storage (such as Microsoft's TerraServer). Spread the load of your website across a number of machines. Let me tackle the second approach, so you have a collection of machines all running Web Server Software and all having access to identical copies of the websites pages. You can either spread the load across these machines using a cyclic pattern in a DNS or you can use a Load Ballancing Switch. The advantages of this approach is: - Redundancy - servers can fail and the others would "pick up the slack" - Incremental - the ability to easily add new machines to this set-up. My Question's Is there a Virtual approach to this issue of load balancing now? If the website runs from a database - is there still only a single copy of the database? If a user had a session running on one Server (e.g. they had gone to www.example.org and had been assigned to Server 2 - were they had created a session) if they refreshed the website (and were allocated Server 3) would they still have their session? What are the other disadvantages associated with Load Balancing? Many Thanks, J

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• Samba PDC share slow with LDAP backend

  - by hmart

  The scenario I have a SUSE SLES 11.1 SP1 machine as Samba master PDC with LDAP backend. In one share there are Database files for a Client-Server application. I log XP and Windows 7 machines to the local domain (example.local), the login is a little slow but works. In the client computers have an executable which opens, reads and writes the database files from the server share. The Problem When running Samba with LDAP password backend the client application runs VERY SLOW with a maximum transfer rate of 2500 MBit per second. If disable LDAP the client app speed increases 20x, with transfer rate of 50Mbit/sec and running smoothly. I'm doing test with just two users and two machines, so concurrency, or LDAP size shouldn't be the problem here. The suspect LDAP, Smb.conf [global] section configuration. The Question What can I do? I've googled a lot, but still have no answer. Slow smb.conf WITH LDAP [global] workgroup = zmartsoft.local passdb backend = ldapsam:ldap://127.0.0.1 printing = cups printcap name = cups printcap cache time = 750 cups options = raw map to guest = Bad User logon path = \\%L\profiles\.msprofile logon home = \\%L\%U\.9xprofile logon drive = P: usershare allow guests = Yes add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -c Machine -d /var/lib/nobody -s /bin/false %m$ domain logons = Yes domain master = Yes local master = Yes netbios name = server os level = 65 preferred master = Yes security = user wins support = Yes idmap backend = ldap:ldap://127.0.0.1 ldap admin dn = cn=Administrator,dc=zmartsoft,dc=local ldap group suffix = ou=Groups ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap ldap machine suffix = ou=Machines ldap passwd sync = Yes ldap ssl = Off ldap suffix = dc=zmartsoft,dc=local ldap user suffix = ou=Users

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• SQL Server 2005 standard filegroups / files for performance on SAN

  - by Blootac

  Ok so I've just been on a SQL Server course and we discussed the usage scenarios of multiple filegroups and files when in use over local RAID and local disks but we didn't touch SAN scenarios so my question is as follows; I currently have a 250 gig database running on SQL Server 2005 where some tables have a huge number of writes and others are fairly static. The database and all objects reside in a single file group with a single data file. The log file is also on the same volume. My interpretation is that separate data files should be used across different disks to lessen disk contention and that file groups should be used for partitioning of data. However, with a SAN you obviously don't really have the same issue of disk contention that you do with a small RAID setup (or at least we don't at the moment), and standard edition doesn't support partitioning. So in order to improve parallelism what should I do? My understanding of various Microsoft publications is that if I increase the number of data files, separate threads can act across each file separately. Which leads me to the question how many files should I have. One per core? Should I be putting tables and indexes with high levels of activity in separate file groups, each with the same number of data files as we have cores? Thank you

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• SSO "Portal"

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Pursuant to my question on alleviating the password explosion, I've contacted some of the services to whom we are paying money to access their websites to ask if we could authenticate our own users, and some of them said yes and send me specs on how to do so. (One of the sites called such a system a page a "portal"; I've never heard the term used in quite that way.) It is simple enough that I am tempted to roll my own. The largest complication is that one site wants us to store a key for every user in our database (and I think the LDAP database makes sense) after their initial login. So, non-trivial, but doable. The nature of these sorts of tasks, I expect, is that if they start out small and simple, they don't end that way. There must be some software that addresses this that is readily extended, surely. In my searching, I've come across: SimpleSAMLphp JOSSO RubyCAS-Server Shibboleth Pubcookie OpenID [Wow, gee. I'd missed some of those in my previous searches! The wikipedia page on Central Authentication Services is useful, and the section on Alternatives to OpenID makes it look like there is a lot of choice.] Can anyone recommend any of these, or suggest ones to avoid? Internally, we are authenticating using Apple's Open Directory [ == OpenLDAP + Kerberos + Password Server (which, I believe, == SAML) ]. As far as extending/tweaking/advanced configuration of a system, I am able to program in Python, C++, can do some basic PHP, and may be able to remember some Java. Looks like I need to pick up Ruby at some point. Addendum: I would also like users to be able to change their passwords over the web (and for certain users to change passwords of other users).

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• Shared firewall or multiple client specific firewalls?

  - by Tauren

  I'm trying to determine if I can use a single firewall for my entire network, including customer servers, or if each customer should have their own firewall. I've found that many hosting companies require each client with a cluster of servers to have their own firewall. If you need a web node and a database node, you also have to get a firewall, and pay another monthly fee for it. I have colo space with several KVM virtualization servers hosting VPS services to many different customers. Each KVM host is running a software iptables firewall that only allows specific ports to be accessed on each VPS. I can control which ports any given VPS has open, allowing a web VPS to be accessed from anywhere on ports 80 and 443, but blocking a database VPS completely to the outside and only allowing a certain other VPS to access it. The configuration works well for my current needs. Note that there is not a hardware firewall protecting the virtualization hosts in place at this time. However, the KVM hosts only have port 22 open, are running nothing except KVM and SSH, and even port 22 cannot be accessed except for inside the netblock. I'm looking at possibly rethinking my network now that I have a client who needs to transition from a single VPS onto two dedicated servers (one web and one DB). A different customer already has a single dedicated server that is not behind any firewall except iptables running on the system. Should I require that each dedicated server customer have their own dedicated firewall? Or can I utilize a single network-wide firewall for multiple customer clusters? I'm familiar with iptables, and am currently thinking I'll use it for any firewalls/routers that I need. But I don't necessarily want to use up 1U of space in my rack for each firewall, nor the power consumption each firewall server will take. So I'm considering a hardware firewall. Any suggestions on what is a good approach?

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• 2013 Predictions for Retail

  - by David Dorf

  Its that time of year to roll out the predictions for next year.  I can't say I've really nailed it in the past, but feel free to look back at my 2012, 2011, and 2010 predictions.  I'm not expecting anything earth-shattering this year; just continued maturation of several technologies that are finally taking hold. 1. Next day delivery -- Amazon finally decided it wasn't worth fighting state taxes and instead decided to place distribution centers everywhere so they can potentially offer next-day deliveries.  Not to be outdone, Walmart is looking to leverage its huge physical presence to offer the same.  Clubs like ShopRunner are pushing delivery barriers as well, so the norm is shifting to free shipping in a few days or relatively cheap shipping overnight.  Retailers need be thinking about how to ship from physical stores. 2. Bring your own device -- Earlier this year Intuit bought AisleBuyer, a mobile self-checkout start-up, at least somewhat validating the BYOD approach.  Grocery stores, especially in Europe, have been supporting in-aisle self-scanning for a while and I'm betting it will find a home in certain verticals in the US too.  There's also the BYOD concept for employees.  Some retailers are considering issuing mobile devices at hiring along side the shirt and name-tag.  Employees become responsible for the hardware until they leave. 3. TV shopping -- Will Apple finally release a TV product in 2013?  Who knows?  But the industry isn't standing still. Companies like QVC and HSN are already successfully combining the TV and online experiences for shopping.  Comcast is partnering with Tivo to allow viewers to interact with ads with Paypal handing payment.  This will be a slow maturation, but expect TVs to get smarter and eventually become a new selling channel (pun intended) for retailers. 4. Privacy backlash -- It only takes one big incident to stir the public, and I'm betting we have one in 2013.  Facebook, Google, or Apple will test the boundaries of what the public is willing to accept.  It could involve a retailer using geo-location technology, or possibly video analytics.  And as is always the case, the offender will apologize, temporarily remove the technology, and wait 2-3 years for it to be generally accepted.  Privacy is a moving target. 5. More NFC -- I've come to the conclusion that adoption of any banking technology is going to be slow.  It was slow for credit cards, ATMs, and online billpay so why should it be any different for NFC?  Maybe, just maybe the iPhone 5S will have an NFC chip, but we're not going to see mainstream uptake for years.  Next year we'll continue to see incremental improvements from Isis, Google, and Paypal and a plethora of new startups, but don't toss your magstripe cards just yet. 6. In-store location -- The technologies for tracking people inside stores is really improving.  Retailers can track people using video cameras, infrared, and by the WiFi radios in mobile phones.  We're getting closer to the point where accuracy could be a shelf-facing, which will help retailers understand how people shop, where they spend time, and what displays attract them.  Expect CPG companies to get involved and partner with retailers, since the data benefits both parties.  Consumers will benefit by being directed right to the products they seek.  (In 2013 ARTS is forming a workteam to develop new standards in this area.) 7. M&A -- Looking back at 2012 there were some really big deals involving IBM, Oracle, JDA, and NCR and I expect that trend will likely continue as vendors add assets to bolster their portfolios.  Many retailers are due for an IT transformation to support anywhere, anytime shoppers, and one-stop-vendors can minimize complexity and costs. Predictions from other sources: Independent Retailer Stores Magazine IDC Insights Mobile Commerce Daily

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• Setting kernel memory for installing postgresql

  - by Matthieu Taymans

  My question is about setting the kernel shared memory for installing postgresql on mac osx 10.6.8. In the readme file of postgresql it is said: Shared Memory PostgreSQL uses shared memory extensively for caching and inter-process communication. Unfortunately, the default configuration of Mac OS X does not allow suitable amounts of shared memory to be created to run the database server. Before running the installation, please ensure that your system is configured to allow the use of larger amounts of shared memory. Note that this does not 'reserve' any memory so it is safe to configure much higher values than you might initially need. You can do this by editting the file /etc/sysctl.conf - e.g. % sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf On a MacBook Pro with 2GB of RAM, the author's sysctl.conf contains: kern.sysv.shmmax=1610612736 kern.sysv.shmall=393216 kern.sysv.shmmin=1 kern.sysv.shmmni=32 kern.sysv.shmseg=8 kern.maxprocperuid=512 kern.maxproc=2048 Note that (kern.sysv.shmall * 4096) should be greater than or equal to kern.sysv.shmmax. kern.sysv.shmmax must also be a multiple of 4096. Once you have edited (or created) the file, reboot before continuing with the installation. If you wish to check the settings currently being used by the kernel, you can use the sysctl utility: % sysctl -a The database server can now be installed. I'm a real beginner with all this but need to instal postgresql for academic purposes do you know how i can set this kernel shared memory. Won't that be harmful for my system? Thank you in advance. Matthieu

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• Repository bugzilla package changed to bugzilla3 in Lenny; upgradable?

  - by Pukku

  This question was asked in debianhelp.org almost half a year ago, but never got an answer. I wasn't the one who posted it, however I was today facing exactly the same question. Not sure if copying it to here as such is considered as inappropriate or something, but there's not really anything that I would even like to paraphrase... So let's just go. (I'm sure you will be happy to close it, if this is not the way to go :) Hello all! We are using a Bugzilla server install on a Debian 4/Etch server and are starting to look at the upgrade to Debian 5/Lenny. I was hoping to upgrade the existing Bugzilla server and database from the oldstable (v2.22) to the newer stable in Lenny (v3) when we get to doing a dist-upgrade. However from testing in a virtual machine it seems that the old package was called "Bugzilla" whereas the Lenny package is called "Bugzilla3" and I could not figure a way to directly upgrade between the two. Is it possible to establish some kind of upgrade path quickly after the dist-upgrade to minimise downtime using apt-get or aptitude? Going on past experiences I would not want to do a fresh install with the Bugzilla3 package and attempt to inject the old database into it (previous attempts failed miserably!) :(

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• Mail to Mailenable group sometimes bounces back because it cannot find one of the group members

  - by Stanley

  I am using MailEnable Enterprise Edition 6.53. On one of my PostOffices I have a group address set up with 5 members in the group. Under normal circumstances when someone sends a mail to this group then the mail gets successfully forwarded to all 5 members in the group. However, every now and then when a recipient sends to the group they get a bounce back message from us that the mail could not be delivered because one of the user's addresses was not found on the server. This could happen for any one of the 5 users in the group. The error message looks like: Message could not be delivered. Error was: The email address is not available on this system The following recipient(s) could not be reached: [SF:mydomain.com/my_username] What could be causing this and how do I fix it? Obviously the mailbox DOES exist as, under normal circumstances, when someone mails the group the mail gets delivered successfully and forwarded to all group members. All the mailboxes most definitely DO exist on the system. EDIT: I have done more investigation and I see an error in Windows Event Viewer: MailEnable Database Provider error: 0 FAILURE: (SQLDriverConnect), Module: MEIMAPS.exe; Error: [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Timeout expired This seems to be related to http://forum.mailenable.com/viewtopic.php?p=53157 and http://www.mailenable.com/kb/content/view.asp?ID=ME020535 but the setups in these links use MySQL as a database whereas we use SQL Server. Maybe this shines some new light on the problem?

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• how to define service runlevel order position?

  - by DmitrySemenov

  I setup bind-dlz and need mysql start prior NAMED when system starts here is what I have [root@semenov]# ./test.sh mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off named 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Apr 15 18:57 /etc/rc3.d/S93mysql -> ../init.d/mysql lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Apr 15 18:57 /etc/rc3.d/S90named -> ../init.d/named here is what I have in mysql init script # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 84 16 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO so when I remove named from chkconfig and have there just mysql, it starts with order number 84: /etc/rc3.d/S84mysql - ../init.d/mysql but when I add named inside chkconfig it's order changes to 93: /etc/rc3.d/S93mysql - ../init.d/mysql as a result mysql will be starting after named and named will fail (no sql available) any ideas what I'm doing wrong? here is what I have in named init script # chkconfig: 345 90 16 # description: named (BIND) is a Domain Name Server (DNS) \ # that is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. # probe: true ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: $named # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $syslog # Default-Start:2 3 4 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 # Short-Description: start|stop|status|restart|try-restart|reload|force-reload DNS server # Description: control ISC BIND implementation of DNS server ### END INIT INFO thanks, Dmitry

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• TFS 2012: Backup Plan Fails with empty log file

  - by Vitor

  I have a Team Foundation Server 2012 installation with Power Tools, and I defined a backup plan using the wizard found in the "Database Backup Tools" in the Team Foundation Server Administration Console. I set the backup plan to do a full database backup on Sunday mornings, to another server in the network. I followed the wizard with no problems and the Backup Plan was set successfully. However when the backup runs it returns Error as result and when I go to the log file I only get the header and no further info: [Info @01:00:01.078] ==================================================================== [Info @01:00:01.078] Team Foundation Server Administration Log [Info @01:00:01.078] Version : 11.0.50727.1 [Info @01:00:01.078] DateTime : 11/25/2012 02:00:01 [Info @01:00:01.078] Type : Full Backup Activity [Info @01:00:01.078] User : <backup user> [Info @01:00:01.078] Machine : <TFS Server> [Info @01:00:01.078] System : Microsoft Windows NT 6.2.9200.0 (AMD64) [Info @01:00:01.078] ==================================================================== I can imagine it's a permission problem, but I have no idea where to start ... Can anyone help? Thank you for your time! EDIT I'm not sure if it is related, but I logged in with "backup user" in "TFS Server" and there was this crash window opened with "TFS Power Tool Shell Extension (TfsComProviderSvr) has stopped working". The full crash log is here: Problem signature: Problem Event Name: APPCRASH Application Name: TfsComProviderSvr.exe Application Version: 11.0.50727.0 Application Timestamp: 5050cd2a Fault Module Name: StackHash_e8da Fault Module Version: 6.2.9200.16420 Fault Module Timestamp: 505aaa82 Exception Code: c0000374 Exception Offset: PCH_72_FROM_ntdll+0x00040DA8 OS Version: 6.2.9200.2.0.0.272.7 Locale ID: 1043 Additional Information 1: e8da Additional Information 2: e8dac447e1089515a72386afa6746972 Additional Information 3: d903 Additional Information 4: d9036f986c69f4492a70e4cf004fb44d Does it help? Thanks everyone!

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• Dynamic subdomain routing

  - by Nader

  Hi everyone, I asked this question over at stackoverflow, but got very few views: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2284917/route-web-requests-to-different-servers-based-on-subdomain Perhaps it's more applicable to this crowd. Here it is again for convenience: I have a platform where a user can create a new website using a subdomain. There will be thousands of these, eg abc.mydomain.com, def.mydomain.com . Hopefully if we are successful hundreds of thousands. I need to be able to route these domains to a different IPs to point at a particular app server. I have this mapping in a database right now. What are the best practices and recommended technologies here? I see a couple options: Have DNS setup with a wildcard CNAME entry so that all requests go to a single IP where perhaps two machines using heartbeat (for failover) know how to look up the IP in the database and then do an http redirect to the appropriate app server. This seems clunky and slow to me. Run my own DNS server that can be programatically managed such that when a new site is created a DNS entry is added. We also move sites around to different app servers, so I would need to be able to update DNS entries in close to real time. Thoughts anyone? Thanks. Update2: I've setup external wildcard DNS pointing at an HAProxy web server whose job it is to route requests to backend servers. The mapping is stored in our internal PowerDNS server. Question now is how to get the HAProxy server (or another) to use the value of the internal DNS and not some config file or access list? – Update: Based on some suggestions below, it seems like reverse-proxy server(s) is the way to go. As I'll be rebalancing the domain-server mapping, these need to work instantly and the TTL on a DNS solution could be a problem. Any recommendations on software to use considering this domain-IP data is stored in a DB, and I'll need this to be performant?

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• What are some techniques to monitor multiple instances of a piece of software?

  - by Geo Ego

  It was recommended that I ask this question here by a member of StackOverflow. I have a piece of self-serve kiosk software that will be running at multiple sites. I'd like to monitor their status remotely. The kiosk application itself is pretty much finished. I am now in the process of creating a piece of software that will monitor all of the kiosks from a central location so that the customer can view particular details remotely (for instance, how many bills are in the acceptor's cash cartridge, what customer is currently logged in, etc.). Because I am in such an early stage of development, my options are quite open. I understand that I'm not giving very many qualifications, but I'd like to try to get a good variety of potential solutions. Some details: Kiosk software is a VB6 app running on Windows Embedded Monitoring software will be run on a modern desktop version of Windows (either XP, Vista, or 7) Database is SQL Server 2008 My initial idea was to develop a .NET app that would simply report the last database transaction for each kiosk at a set interval (say every second or so) but I'd really like for the kiosk software to report its status in real-time. I'm not exactly sure where to begin in terms of what modifications may need to be made to the kiosk software, and what the monitoring software will require. Links to articles on these topics would be most welcome.

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• How can I configure Cyrus IMAP to submit a default realm to SASL?

  - by piwi

  I have configured Postfix to work with SASL using plain text, where the former automatically submits a default realm to the latter when requesting authentication. Assuming the domain name is example.com and the user is foo, here is how I configured it on my Debian system so far. In the postfix configuration file /etc/main.cf: smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $mydomain The SMTP configuration file /etc/postfix/smtpd.conf contains: pwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: PLAIN The SASL daemon is configured with the sasldb mechanism in /etc/default/saslauthd: MECHANIMS="sasldb" The SASL database file contains a single user, shown by sasldblistusers2: [email protected]: userPassword The authentication works well without having to provide a realm, as postifx does that for me. However, I cannot find out how to tell the Cyrus IMAP daemon to do the same. I created a user cyrus in my SASL database, which uses the realm of the host domain name, not example.com, for administrative purpose. I used this account to create a mailbox through cyradm for the user foo: cm user.foo IMAP is configured in /etc/imapd.conf this way: allowplaintext: yes sasl_minimum_layer: 0 sasl_pwcheck_method: saslauthd sasl_mech_list: PLAIN servername: mail.example.com If I enable cross-realm authentication (loginrealms: example.com), trying to authenticate using imtest works with these options: imtest -m login -a [email protected] localhost However, I would like to be able to authenticate without having to specify the realm, like this: imtest -m login -a foo localhost I thought that using virtdomains (setting it either to userid or on) and defaultdomain: example.com would do just that, but I cannot get to make it work. I always end up with this error: cyrus/imap[11012]: badlogin: localhost [127.0.0.1] plaintext foo SASL(-13): authentication failure: checkpass failed What I understand is that cyrus-imapd never tries to submit the realm when trying to authenticate the user foo. My question: how can I tell cyrus-imapd to send the domain name as the realm automatically? Thanks for your insights!

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• User authentication -- username mismatch in IIS in ASP.NET application

  - by Cory Larson

  Last week, an employee's Active Directory username was changed (or a new one was created for them). For the purposes of this example, let's assume these usernames: Old: Domain\11111 New: Domain\22222 When this user now logs in using their new username, and attempts to browse to any one of a number of ASP.NET applications using only Windows Authentication (no Anonymous enabled), the system authenticates but our next layer of database-driven permissions prevents them from being authorized. We tracked it down to a mismatch of usernames between their logon account and who IIS thinks they are. Below are the outputs of several ASP.NET variables from apps running in a Windows 2008 IIS7.5 environment: Request.ServerVariables["AUTH_TYPE"]: Negotiate Request.ServerVariables["AUTH_USER"]: Domain\11111 Request.ServerVariables["LOGON_USER"]: Domain\22222 Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_USER"]: Domain\11111 HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name: Domain\11111 System.Threading.Thread.CurrentPrincipal.Identity.Name: Domain\11111 From the above, I can see that only the LOGON_USER server variable has the correct value, which is the account the user used to log on to their machine. However, we use the "AUTH_USER" variable for looking up the database permissions. In a separate testing environment (completely different server: Windows 2003, IIS6), all of the above variables show "Domain\22222". So this seems to be a server-specific issue, like the credentials are somehow getting cached either on their machine or on the server (the former seems more plausible). So the question is: how do I confirm whether it's the user's machine or the server that is botching the request? How should I go about fixing this? I looked at the following two resources and will be giving the first one a try shortly: http://www.interworks.com/blogs/jvalente/2010/02/02/removing-saved-credentials-passwords-windows-xp-windows-vista-or-windows-7 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2325005/classic-asp-request-servervariableslogon-user-returning-wrong-username/5299080#5299080 Thanks.

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• Error creating ODBC connection to SQL Server 2008 Express

  - by DavidB

  When creating a System DSN, I get the error: Connection failed: SQLState: '08001' SQL Server Error: 2 [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 10.0]Named Pipes Provider: Could not open a connection to SQL Server [2]. Connection failed: SQLState: 'HYT00' SQL Server Error: 0 [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 10.0]Login timeout expired I'm running Vista Home Premium 64-bit SP2, and installed SQL Server 2008 Express Advanced without errors. I'll be using the database locally for an app installed on the same PC. I'm able to successfully connect with SQL Server Management Studio using Windows Authentication (my Windows account is a member of local Administrators), and I can successfully create a database with default ownership (defaults to my Windows account). SQL Server Configuration Manager shows that Shared Memory, TCP/IP, and Named Pipes are enabled for SQL Native Client 10.0 Configuration, SQL Native Client 10.0 Configuration (32bit), and SQL Server Network Configuration (SQLEXPRESS). The SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS) and SQL Server Reporting Services (SQLEXPRESS) services are running. When I create a system DSN, my driver choices are SQL server (sqlsrv32.dll 4-10-09), which gives a generic wizard, and SQL Server Native Client 10.0 (sqlncli10.dll 7-10-08), which gives the SQL Server 2008 wizard. I choose the latter. I enter name, description, and have tried both MyPCName and 127.0.0.1 for the server name (browsing turns up nothing). After clicking Next, I leave it at Integrated Windows authentication, and leave Connect to server for additional options checked. After clicking Next, I get the error above. I know it's probably a simple answer, (permission issue?) and I'm a SQL noob, so I appreciate anything that would point me in the right direction. Thanks!

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• Batch file to create many files with special characters

  - by MollyO

  Essential info: I have a file "DB_OUTPUT.TXT" with 304 lines that I need to turn into 304 files (one per line). Each line contains many special characters and may be up to tens of thousands of characters long. For these reasons, I'm having difficulty using a cmd.exe batch file (which limits the amount of input) and the echo command (which would try to execute each special character, short of me having to escape them all). I also have a file "DB_OUTPUT_FILENAMES.TXT" containing a distinct filename for each line-soon-to-be-file from "db_output.txt". So line 1 of DB_OUTPUT.TXT needs to be the body of a new file with a name equal to line 1 of DB_OUTPUT_FILENAMES.TXT. Extra info: As you may have guessed, DB_OUTPUT.TXT is output from a database; it contains 304 records with 6 or 7 columns at a fixed width with the last column being a SQL query. Each of these lines (db records) will be used as a script to create new database objects, which is why the special characters need to be preserved. Question: Is there a way to do this in a batch-like fashion? I'd be happy with either a Windows solution or a Linux one.

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• Hiera datatypes wont load in Puppet

  - by Cole Shores

  I have spent a couple of days on this, followed the instructions on http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/docs/puppetmanual.pdf and even the Puppet Training Advanced Puppet manual. When I run a test against it, the results always come back as 'nil' and Im not sure why. I am running Puppet 3.6.1 Community Edition, with Hiera 1.2.1 on SLES 11. My puppet.conf file at /etc/puppet/puppet.conf consists of: [main] # The Puppet log directory. # The default value is '$vardir/log'. logdir = /var/log/puppet # Where Puppet PID files are kept. # The default value is '$vardir/run'. rundir = /var/run/puppet # Where SSL certificates are kept. # The default value is '$confdir/ssl'. ssldir = $vardir/ssl certificate_revocation = false [master] hiera_config=/etc/puppet/hiera.yaml reporturl = http://puppet2.vvmedia.com/reports/upload ssl_client_header = SSL_CLIENT_S_DN ssl_client_verify_header = SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY # certname = dev-puppetmaster2.vvmedia.com # ca_name = 'dev-puppetmaster2.vvmedia.com' # facts_terminus = rest # inventory_server = localhost # ca = false [agent] # The file in which puppetd stores a list of the classes # associated with the retrieved configuratiion. Can be loaded in # the separate ``puppet`` executable using the ``--loadclasses`` # option. # The default value is '$confdir/classes.txt'. classfile = $vardir/classes.txt # Where puppetd caches the local configuration. An # extension indicating the cache format is added automatically. # The default value is '$confdir/localconfig'. localconfig = $vardir/localconfig my /etc/puppet/hiera.yaml consists of: :backends: yaml :yaml: :datadir: /etc/puppet/hieradata :hierarchy: - common - database I have a directory created in /etc/puppet/hieradata and within it contains: /etc/puppet/hieradata/common.yaml :nameserver: ["dnsserverfoo1", "dnsserverfoo2"] :smtp_server: relay.internalfoo.com :syslog_server: syslogfoo.com :logstash_shipper: logstashfoo.com :syslog_backup_nfs: nfsfoo:/vol/logs :auth_method: ldap :manage_root: true and /etc/puppet/hieradata/database.yaml :enable_graphital: true :mysql_server_package: MySQL-server :mysql_client_package: MySQL-client :allowed_groups_login: extranet_users does anyone have any idea what could be causing Hiera to not load the requested values? I have tried even restarting the Master. Thanks in advance, Cole

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• Spam in Whois: How is it done and how do I protect my domain?

  - by user2964971

  Yes, there are answered questions regarding spam in Whois. But still unclear: How do they do it? How should I respond? What precautions can I take? For example: Whois for google.com [...] Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZOMBIED.AND.HACKED.BY.WWW.WEB-HACK.COM IP Address: 217.107.217.167 Registrar: DOMAINCONTEXT, INC. Whois Server: whois.domaincontext.com Referral URL: http://www.domaincontext.com Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZZZZZ.GET.LAID.AT.WWW.SWINGINGCOMMUNITY.COM IP Address: 69.41.185.195 Registrar: TUCOWS DOMAINS INC. Whois Server: whois.tucows.com Referral URL: http://domainhelp.opensrs.net Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.GET.ONE.MILLION.DOLLARS.AT.WWW.UNIMUNDI.COM IP Address: 209.126.190.70 Registrar: PDR LTD. D/B/A PUBLICDOMAINREGISTRY.COM Whois Server: whois.PublicDomainRegistry.com Referral URL: http://www.PublicDomainRegistry.com Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.HAVENDATA.COM IP Address: 50.23.75.44 Registrar: PDR LTD. D/B/A PUBLICDOMAINREGISTRY.COM Whois Server: whois.PublicDomainRegistry.com Referral URL: http://www.PublicDomainRegistry.com Server Name: GOOGLE.COMMAS2CHAPTERS.COM IP Address: 216.239.32.21 Registrar: CRAZY DOMAINS FZ-LLC Whois Server: whois.crazydomains.com Referral URL: http://www.crazydomains.com [...] >>> Last update of whois database: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 02:10:51 UTC <<< [...] >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2014-06-04T19:04:53-0700 <<< [...]

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• Unable to receive emails from Ubuntu postfix mail server

  - by Paddington

  I am unable to receive emails on an Ubuntu 11.04 server running postfix with the Plesk control panel. I can't see the mails even on webmail. I am able to send emails and am not getting any error messages on the email client when I try to receive. Here is the output of the logs: *tail -f /usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog Aug 29 10:38:31 cp9 postfix/tlsmgr[3811]: fatal: open database /var/lib/postfix/smtpd_scache.db: Invalid argument Aug 29 10:38:32 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr pid 3811 exit status 1 Aug 29 10:38:32 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr: bad command startup -- throttling Aug 29 10:38:36 cp9 pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158] Aug 29 10:38:36 cp9 pop3d: IMAP connect from @ [::ffff:196.201.7.158]INFO: LOGIN, [email protected], ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158] Aug 29 10:38:37 cp9 pop3d: 1346229517.874008 LOGOUT, [email protected], ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158], top=0, retr=0, time=1, rcvd=24, sent=1716, maildir=/var/qmail/mailnames/essentialhuku.co.za/earle/Maildir Aug 29 10:14:05 cp9 postfix/tlsmgr[1133]: fatal: open database /var/lib/postfix/smtpd_scache.db: Invalid argument Aug 29 10:14:06 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr pid 1133 exit status 1 Aug 29 10:14:06 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr: bad command startup -- throttling Aug 29 10:14:08 cp9 pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158

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• Problems with bash script, mysql inserts and launchd

  - by Armands

  ========= I am developing a automated system, which consists of 3 parts: mysql, bash and launchd. Bash script takes folders of work related stuff, zips, archives and puts info about them into database that is located on a local MAMP server. Everything works as expected when I run the script from terminal. But when I use Launchd to automatically run this script, it functions without errors and it does not put the values into database. I've tried to make logs of returned messages, but the logs end up being empty as the command has run the way it was supposed to. Any help would be appreciated! .plist contents <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Label</key> <string>com.adevo.ari.zip</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/Volumes/Archive-Plus/B-ARCHIVE-PLUS/ZZ_UTILITY_FOLDER/Compress.sh</string> </array> <key>Nice</key> <integer>1</integer> <key>StartInterval</key> <integer>120</integer> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> </dict> </plist> I made this .plist file just by searching the web.

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• Program for remove exact duplicate files while caching search results

  - by John Thomas

  We need a Windows 7 program to remove/check the duplicates but our situation is somewhat different than the standard one for which there are enough programs. We have a fairly large static archive (collection) of photos spread on several disks. Let's call them Disk A..M. We have also some disks (let's call them Disk 1..9) which contain some duplicates which are to be found on disks A..M. We want to add to our collection new disks (N, O, P... aso.) which will contain the photos from disks 1..9 but, of course, we don't want to have any photos two (or more) times. Of course, theoretically, the task can be solved with a regular file duplicate remover but the time needed will be very big. Ideally, AFAIS now, the real solution would be a program which will scan the disks A..M, store the file sizes/hashes of the photos in an indexed database/file(s) and will check the new disks (1..9) against this database. However I have hard time to find such a program (if exists). Other things to note: we consider that the Disks A..M (the collection) doesn't have any duplicates on them the file names might be changed we aren't interested in approximated (fuzzy) comparison which can be found in some photo comparing programs. We hunt for exact duplicate files. we aren't afraid of command line. :-) we need to work on Win7/XP we prefer (of course) to be freeware TIA for any suggestions, John Th.

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• Optimizing Disk I/O & RAID on Windows SQL Server 2005

  - by David

  I've been monitoring our SQL server for a while, and have noticed that I/O hits 100% every so often using Task Manager and Perfmon. I have normally been able to correlate this spike with SUSPENDED processes in SQL Server Management when I execute "exec sp_who2". The RAID controller is controlled by LSI MegaRAID Storage Manager. We have the following setup: System Drive (Windows) on RAID 1 with two 280GB drives SQL is on a RAID 10 (2 mirroed drives of 280GB in two different spans) This is a database that is hammered during the day, but is pretty inactive at night. The DB size is currently about 13GB, and is used by approximately 200 (and growing) users a day. I have a couple of ideas I'm toying around with: Checking for Indexes & reindexing some tables Adding an additional RAID 1 (with 2 new, smaller, HDs) and moving the SQL's Log Data File (LDF) onto the new RAID. For #2, my question is this: Would we really be increasing disk performance (IO) by moving data off of the RAID 10 onto a RAID 1? RAID 10 obviously has better performance than RAID 1. Furthermore, SQL must write to the transaction logs before writing to the database. But on the flip side, we'll be reducing both the size of the disks as well as the amount of data written to the RAID 10, which is where all of the "meat" is - thereby increasing that RAID's performance for read requests. Is there any way to find out what our current limiting factor is? (The drives vs. the RAID Controller)? If the limiting factor is the drives, then maybe adding the additional RAID 1 makes sense. But if the limiting factor is the Controller itself, then I think we're approaching this thing wrong. Finally, are we just wasting our time? Should we instead be focusing our efforts towards #1 (reindexing tables, reducing network latency where possible, etc...)?

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