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Five Ways to Benefit from the Open Source Mantra

It's not about lines of code. It's about a code of conduct that encourages contributions to the community.

Five Ways to Benefit from the Open Source Mantra

It's not about lines of code. It's about a code of conduct that encourages contributions to the community.

Impress stopped showing me my notes

I've got a new laptop with a touchpad that I'm still getting used to, so I've been accidentally flipping a lot of switches. Somehow, I made Impress hide my notes and I'd like them back. In the "normal" view, I used to see the first few lines of my notes immediately below the slide. They're gone. I'm sure I clicked something to make them go away but I can't figure out how to get them back. Any ideas?

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MapReduce in DryadLINQ and PLINQ

- by JoshReuben

MapReduce See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapreduce The MapReduce pattern aims to handle large-scale computations across a cluster of servers, often involving massive amounts of data. "The computation takes a set of input key/value pairs, and produces a set of output key/value pairs. The developer expresses the computation as two Func delegates: Map and Reduce. Map - takes a single input pair and produces a set of intermediate key/value pairs. The MapReduce function groups results by key and passes them to the Reduce function. Reduce - accepts an intermediate key I and a set of values for that key. It merges together these values to form a possibly smaller set of values. Typically just zero or one output value is produced per Reduce invocation. The intermediate values are supplied to the user's Reduce function via an iterator." the canonical MapReduce example: counting word frequency in a text file. MapReduce using DryadLINQ see http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/dryadlinq/ and http://connect.microsoft.com/Dryad DryadLINQ provides a simple and straightforward way to implement MapReduce operations. This The implementation has two primary components: A Pair structure, which serves as a data container. A MapReduce method, which counts word frequency and returns the top five words. The Pair Structure - Pair has two properties: Word is a string that holds a word or key. Count is an int that holds the word count. The structure also overrides ToString to simplify printing the results. The following example shows the Pair implementation. public struct Pair { private string word; private int count; public Pair(string w, int c) { word = w; count = c; } public int Count { get { return count; } } public string Word { get { return word; } } public override string ToString() { return word + ":" + count.ToString(); } } The MapReduce function that gets the results. the input data could be partitioned and distributed across the cluster. 1. Creates a DryadTable<LineRecord> object, inputTable, to represent the lines of input text. For partitioned data, use GetPartitionedTable<T> instead of GetTable<T> and pass the method a metadata file. 2. Applies the SelectMany operator to inputTable to transform the collection of lines into collection of words. The String.Split method converts the line into a collection of words. SelectMany concatenates the collections created by Split into a single IQueryable<string> collection named words, which represents all the words in the file. 3. Performs the Map part of the operation by applying GroupBy to the words object. The GroupBy operation groups elements with the same key, which is defined by the selector delegate. This creates a higher order collection, whose elements are groups. In this case, the delegate is an identity function, so the key is the word itself and the operation creates a groups collection that consists of groups of identical words. 4. Performs the Reduce part of the operation by applying Select to groups. This operation reduces the groups of words from Step 3 to an IQueryable<Pair> collection named counts that represents the unique words in the file and how many instances there are of each word. Each key value in groups represents a unique word, so Select creates one Pair object for each unique word. IGrouping.Count returns the number of items in the group, so each Pair object's Count member is set to the number of instances of the word. 5. Applies OrderByDescending to counts. This operation sorts the input collection in descending order of frequency and creates an ordered collection named ordered. 6. Applies Take to ordered to create an IQueryable<Pair> collection named top, which contains the 100 most common words in the input file, and their frequency. Test then uses the Pair object's ToString implementation to print the top one hundred words, and their frequency. public static IQueryable<Pair> MapReduce( string directory, string fileName, int k) { DryadDataContext ddc = new DryadDataContext("file://" + directory); DryadTable<LineRecord> inputTable = ddc.GetTable<LineRecord>(fileName); IQueryable<string> words = inputTable.SelectMany(x => x.line.Split(' ')); IQueryable<IGrouping<string, string>> groups = words.GroupBy(x => x); IQueryable<Pair> counts = groups.Select(x => new Pair(x.Key, x.Count())); IQueryable<Pair> ordered = counts.OrderByDescending(x => x.Count); IQueryable<Pair> top = ordered.Take(k); return top; } To Test: IQueryable<Pair> results = MapReduce(@"c:\DryadData\input", "TestFile.txt", 100); foreach (Pair words in results) Debug.Print(words.ToString()); Note: DryadLINQ applications can use a more compact way to represent the query: return inputTable .SelectMany(x => x.line.Split(' ')) .GroupBy(x => x) .Select(x => new Pair(x.Key, x.Count())) .OrderByDescending(x => x.Count) .Take(k); MapReduce using PLINQ The pattern is relevant even for a single multi-core machine, however. We can write our own PLINQ MapReduce in a few lines. the Map function takes a single input value and returns a set of mapped values àLINQ's SelectMany operator. These are then grouped according to an intermediate key à LINQ GroupBy operator. The Reduce function takes each intermediate key and a set of values for that key, and produces any number of outputs per key à LINQ SelectMany again. We can put all of this together to implement MapReduce in PLINQ that returns a ParallelQuery<T> public static ParallelQuery<TResult> MapReduce<TSource, TMapped, TKey, TResult>( this ParallelQuery<TSource> source, Func<TSource, IEnumerable<TMapped>> map, Func<TMapped, TKey> keySelector, Func<IGrouping<TKey, TMapped>, IEnumerable<TResult>> reduce) { return source .SelectMany(map) .GroupBy(keySelector) .SelectMany(reduce); } the map function takes in an input document and outputs all of the words in that document. The grouping phase groups all of the identical words together, such that the reduce phase can then count the words in each group and output a word/count pair for each grouping: var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(dirPath, "*.txt").AsParallel(); var counts = files.MapReduce( path => File.ReadLines(path).SelectMany(line => line.Split(delimiters)), word => word, group => new[] { new KeyValuePair<string, int>(group.Key, group.Count()) });

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It?s Time For Your Help Line To Offer A Live Chat And Text Messaging Service

Keeping up with the times? For years, most non-profit help lines considered their service to be synonymous with the telephone, and for good reason. In developed countries it is ubiquitous, reliable ... [Author: Neil McKechnie - Computers and Internet - May 19, 2010]

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How to generate a metamodel for POJOs

- by Stefan Haberl

I'm looking for a metamodel generation library for simple Java POJOs. I'm thinking about something along the lines of JPA 2.0's metamodel, which can be used to generate type safe criterias for JPA entities (see this Question on SO for JPA specific implementations). Does something similar exist for general purpose JavaBeans, i.e., POJOS, that are not JPA entities? Specifically, I want to implement Spring MVC's WebDataBinder.setAllowedFields() method in a type safe way in my Spring MVC @Controllers

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Are #regions an antipattern or code smell?

- by Craig

In C# code it allows the #region/#endregion keywords to made areas of code collapsible in the editor. Whenever I am doing this though I find it is to hide large chunks of code that could probably be refactored into other classes or methods. For example I have seen methods that contain 500 lines of code with 3 or 4 regions just to make it manageable. So is judicious use of regions a sign of trouble? It seems to be to me.

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Perl syntax error [closed]

- by Linny

I am a beginner taking a Perl programming course. We are trying to write a basic program for counting nucleotides in a DNA string. I'm getting syntax errors on the lines that have a single bracket on lines 28 & 70 and don't know why. It also reads that I have compilation errors. I have no idea where to start figuring that out. # The purpose of this program is to count the number of nucleotides in a strand. Each protein is counted separately # print "/n NOTE: Nucleotide counting /n"; # use strict; # enforce variable declarations use warnings; # enable compiler warnings # Display number of A,a,T,t,G,g,C,c, nucleotides in a word or sequence of letters. # my ($base) = ''; # an extracted letter from a string my ($nuceotide_count) = 0 ; # the current position within the word my ($position) = 0 ; # number of vowels in user-supplied word my ($word) = ''; # word to be processed my ($A_count) = 0 ; # of A nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($a_count) = 0 ; # of A nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($C_count) = 0 ; # of C nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($c_count) = 0 ; # of C nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($G_count) = 0 ; # of G nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($g_count) = 0 ; # of G nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($T_count) = 0 ; # of T nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($t_count) = 0 ; # of T nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence word = (STDIN) for ($position = 0);($position if (($base eq 'a') or ($base eq 'A')) { ++$A_count; } # end if ++$position; if (($base eq 'T') or ($base eq 't')) { ++$T_count; } end if ++$position; if (($base eq 'G') or ($base eq 'g')) { ++$G_count; } # end if ++$position; if (($base eq 'C') or ($base eq 'c')) { ++$C_count; } # end if ++$position; } # end for # Display final results. # print " \n The number of A or a neucleotides is: $A_count"; print " \n The number of T or t neucleotides is: $T_count"; print " \n The number of G or g neucleotides is: $G_count"; print " \n The number of C or c neucleotides is: $C_count"; print " \n\n Program completed successfully. \n" ; exit ;

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Webcast Q&A: ING on How to Scale Role Management and Compliance

- by Tanu Sood

Thanks to all who attended the live webcast we hosted on ING: Scaling Role Management and Access Certifications to Thousands of Applications on Wed, April 11th. Those of you who couldn’t join us, the webcast replay is now available. Many thanks to our guest speaker, Mark Robison, Enterprise Architect at ING for walking us through ING’s drivers and rationale for the platform approach, the phased implementation strategy, results & metrics, roadmap and recommendations. We greatly appreciate the insight he shared with us all on the deployment synergies between Oracle Identity Manager (OIM) and Oracle Identity Analytics (OIA) to enforce streamlined user and role management and scalable compliance. Mark was also kind enough to walk us through specific solutions features that helped ING manage the problem of role explosion and implement closed loop remediation. Our host speaker, Neil Gandhi, Principal Product Manager, Oracle rounded off the presentation by discussing common use cases and deployment scenarios we see organizations implement to automate user/identity administration and enforce closed-loop scalable compliance. Neil also called out the specific features in Oracle Identity Analytics 11gR1 that cater to expediting and streamlining compliance processes such as access certifications. While we tackled a few questions during the webcast, we have captured the responses to those that we weren’t able to get to here; our sincere thanks to Mark Robison for taking the time to respond to questions specific to ING’s implementation and strategy. Q. Did you include business friendly entitlment descriptions, or is the business seeing application descriptors A. We include very business friendly descriptions. The OIA tool has the facility to allow this. Q. When doing attestation on job change, who is in the workflow to review and confirm that the employee should continue to have access? Is that a best practice? A. The new and old manager are in the workflow. The tool can check for any Separation of Duties (SOD) violations with both having similiar accesses. It may not be a best practice, but it is a reality of doing your old and new job for a transition period on a transfer. Q. What versions of OIM and OIA are being used at ING? A. OIM 11gR1 and OIA 11gR1; the very latest versions available. Q. Are you using an entitlements / role catalog? A. Yes. We use both roles and entitlements. Q. What specific unexpected benefits did the Identity Warehouse provide ING? A. The most unanticipated was to help Legal Hold identify user ID's in the various applications. Other benefits included providing a one stop shop for all aggregated ID information. Q. How fine grained are your application and entitlements? Did OIA, OIM support that level of granularity? A. We have some very fine grained entitlements, but we role this up into approved Roles to allow for easier management. For managing very fine grained entitlements, Oracle offers the Oracle Entitlement Server. We currently do not own this software but are considering it. Q. Do you allow any individual access or is everything truly role based? A. We are a hybrid environment with roles and individual positive and negative entitlements Q. Did you use an Agile methodology like scrum to deliver functionality during your project? A. We started with waterfall, but used an agile approach to provide benefits after the initial implementation Q. How did you handle rolling out the standard ID format to existing users? A. We just used the standard IDs for new users. We have not taken on a project to address the existing nonstandard IDs. Q. To avoid role explosion, how do you deal with apps that require more than a couple of entitlement TYPES? For example, an app may have different levels of access and it may need to know the user's country/state to associate them with particular customers. A. We focus on the functional user and craft the role around their daily job requirements. The role captures the required application entitlements. To keep role explosion down, we use role mining in OIA and also meet and interview the business. It is an iterative process to get role consensus. Q. Great presentation! How many rounds of Certifications has ING performed so far? A. Around 7 quarters and constant certifications on transfer. Q. Did you have executive support from the top down A. Yes The executive support was key to our success. Q. For your cloud instance are you using OIA or OIM as SaaS? A. No. We are just provisioning and deprovisioning to various Cloud providers. (Service Now is an example) Q. How do you ensure a role owner does not get more priviliges as are intended and thus violates another role, e,g, a DBA Roles should not get tor rigt to run somethings as root, as this would affect the root role? A. We have SOD checks. Also all Roles are initially approved by external audit and the role owners have to certify the roles and any changes Q. What is your ratio of employees to roles? A. We are still in process going through our various lines of business, so I do not have a final ratio. From what we have seen, the ratio varies greatly depending on the Line of Business and the diversity of Job Functions. For standardized lines of business such as call centers, the ratio is very good where we can have a single role that covers many employees. For specialized lines of business like treasury, it can be one or two people per role. Q. Is ING using Oracle On Demand service ? A. No Q. Do you have to implement or migrate to OIM in order to get the Identity Warehouse, or can OIA provide the identity warehouse as well if you haven't reached OIM yet? A. No, OIM deployment is not required to implement OIA’s Identity Warehouse but as you heard during the webcast, there are tremendous deployment synergies in deploying both OIA and OIM together. Q. When is the Security Governor product coming out? A. Oracle Security Governor for Healthcare is available today. Hope you enjoyed the webcast and we look forward to having you join us for the next webcast in the Customers Talk: Identity as a Platform webcast series: Toyota: Putting Customers First – Identity Platform as a Business Enabler Wednesday, May 16th at 10 am PST/ 1 pm EST Register Today You can also register for a live event at a city near you where Aberdeen’s Derek Brink will discuss the survey results from the recently published report “Analyzing Platform vs. Point Solution Approach in Identity”. And, you can do a quick (& free) online assessment of your identity programs by benchmarking it against the 160 organizations surveyed in the Aberdeen report, compliments of Oracle. Here’s the slide deck from our ING webcast: ING webcast platform View more presentations from OracleIDM

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Disk mounter applet for Unity?

- by sdaau

Well - just because I cannot find this asked anywhere else on the net - is there something like a "Disk Mounter" applet for Unity interface, or are there any alternatives? (By 'alternatives' I mean: I wouldn't mind doubleclicking an icon, and have what used to be a toolbar applet start up as a separate window; as long as don't have to grapple with mount command lines, and filesystem arguments and such) Thanks, Cheers!

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Contract Lifecycle Management for Public Sector

- by jeffrey.waterman

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} One thing Oracle never seems to get enough credit for is its consistent quest to improve its products, even the ones as established as its back-office solutions. Here is another example of one of the latest improvements: Contract Lifecycle Management for Public Sector, or CLM. The latest EBS module geared specifically for the Federal acquisition community. Our existing customers have been asking Oracle for years to upgrade its Advanced Procurement Suite to meet the complex procurement processes of the Federal Government. You asked; we listened. Oracle, with direct input from Federal agencies, subject matter experts, integration partners, and the Federal acquisition community, has expanded and deepened its procurement suite to meet the unique demands of the Federal acquisition community. New benefits/features include: Contract Line Item/Sub-Line Item (CLIN/SLIN) structures Configurable Document Numbering Complex Pricing Contract Types ( as per FAR Part 16) Option lines and exercising of options Incremental Funding capability Support for multiple document types (delivery orders, BPA call orders, awards, agreements, IDIQ contracts) Requisition lines to fund modifications Workload assignment and milestones Contract Action Reporting to FPDS-NG I’ve been conducting many tests over the past few months and have been quite impressed with the depth of features and the seamless integration to Federal Financials, specifically the funds control within the financials. Again, thank you for reading. If you have suggestions for future posts, please leave them in the comments section and I’ll take it from there.

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Is there a Railstutorial-quality tutorial for a PHP framework?

- by tnorthcutt

Is there a tutorial along the lines of Michael Hartl's Rails Tutorial for a (widely used) PHP framework? Obviously there are tons of tutorials for e.g. Codeigniter, CakePHP, Symfony, etc., but I haven't been able to find one that is as extensive as Rails Tutorial is. Ideally, I'd like something that takes you from nothing to building a complete, functioning application with at least a decent amount of complexity.

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Advantages of BDD for solo developer

- by user248959

I have found this lines below about the advantages of BDD (Behavior Driven Development) The domain experts define what they need in the program in a way that the developers can not misinterpret (or at least not as much as in most other approaches). Are there any more advantages apart from that? If I'm working alone (I'm not in contact with managers that could write BDD features), do I need to use BDD?

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how to dbkg-preconfigure login manager

- by Josh

I've written a script that installs several desktops with a menu loop. I have also redirecteed the output to /dev/null, Now every Time when it comes to dpk login manager selection the script doesn't continue. What could I du to preconfigure the login mangager that should be choosen. How do the lines for dpkg preconfigure look for lightdm gdm Kdm mdm debconf-set-selections <<< ' ' would be grate, too. Thank you folks!

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Drawing 2D Grid in 3D View - Need help with method

- by Deukalion

I'm trying to draw a simple 2D grid for an editor, to able to navigate more clearly around the 3D space, but I can't render it: Grid2D class, creates a grid of a certain size at a location and should just draw lines. public class Grid2D : IShape { private VertexPositionColor[] _vertices; private Vector2 _size; private Vector3 _location; private int _faces; public Grid2D(Vector2 size, Vector3 location, Color color) { float x = 0, y = 0; if (size.X < 1f) { size.X = 1f; } if (size.Y < 1f) { size.Y = 1f; } _size = size; _location = location; List<VertexPositionColor> vertices = new List<VertexPositionColor>(); _faces = 0; for (y = -size.Y; y <= size.Y; y++) { vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(-size.X, y, 0), color)); vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(size.X, y, 0), color)); _faces++; } for (x = -size.X; x <= size.X; x++) { vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(x, -size.Y, 0), color)); vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(x, size.Y, 0), color)); _faces++; } _vertices = vertices.ToArray(); } public void Render(GraphicsDevice device) { device.DrawUserPrimitives<VertexPositionColor>(PrimitiveType.LineList, _vertices, 0, _faces); } } Like this: +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ Anyone knows what I'm doing wrong? If I add a Shape without texture, it's set automatically to VertexColorEnabled and TextureEnabled = false. This is how I render it: foreach (RenderObject render in _renderObjects) { render.Effect.Projection = projection; render.Effect.View = view; render.Effect.World = world; foreach (EffectPass pass in render.Effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); try { // Could be a Grid2D render.Shape.Render(_device); } catch { throw; } } } Exception is thrown: The current vertex shader declaration does not include all the elements required by the current Vertex Shader. Normal0 is missing. Simply put, I can't figure out how to draw a few lines. I want to draw them one at a time and I guess that's the problem I haven't figured out, and even when I tried rendering vertices[i], vertices[i+1] and primitiveCount = 1, vertices = 2, and so on it didn't work either. Any suggestions?

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GLSL: Strange light reflections

- by Tom

According to this tutorial I'm trying to make a normal mapping using GLSL, but something is wrong and I can't find the solution. The output render is in this image: Image1 in this image is a plane with two triangles and each of it is different illuminated (that is bad). The plane has 6 vertices. In the upper left side of this plane are 2 identical vertices (same in the lower right). Here are some vectors same for each vertice: normal vector = 0, 1, 0 (red lines on image) tangent vector = 0, 0,-1 (green lines on image) bitangent vector = -1, 0, 0 (blue lines on image) here I have one question: The two identical vertices does need to have the same tangent and bitangent? I have tried to make other values to the tangents but the effect was still similar. Here are my shaders Vertex shader: #version 130 // Input vertex data, different for all executions of this shader. in vec3 vertexPosition_modelspace; in vec2 vertexUV; in vec3 vertexNormal_modelspace; in vec3 vertexTangent_modelspace; in vec3 vertexBitangent_modelspace; // Output data ; will be interpolated for each fragment. out vec2 UV; out vec3 Position_worldspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform mat4 MVP; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Output position of the vertex, in clip space : MVP * position gl_Position = MVP * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1); // Position of the vertex, in worldspace : M * position Position_worldspace = (M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the camera, in camera space. // In camera space, the camera is at the origin (0,0,0). vec3 vertexPosition_cameraspace = ( V * M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; EyeDirection_cameraspace = vec3(0,0,0) - vertexPosition_cameraspace; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the light, in camera space. M is ommited because it's identity. vec3 LightPosition_cameraspace = ( V * vec4(LightPosition_worldspace,1)).xyz; LightDirection_cameraspace = LightPosition_cameraspace + EyeDirection_cameraspace; // UV of the vertex. No special space for this one. UV = vertexUV; // model to camera = ModelView vec3 vertexTangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexTangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexBitangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexBitangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexNormal_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexNormal_modelspace; mat3 TBN = transpose(mat3( vertexTangent_cameraspace, vertexBitangent_cameraspace, vertexNormal_cameraspace )); // You can use dot products instead of building this matrix and transposing it. See References for details. LightDirection_tangentspace = TBN * LightDirection_cameraspace; EyeDirection_tangentspace = TBN * EyeDirection_cameraspace; } Fragment shader: #version 130 // Interpolated values from the vertex shaders in vec2 UV; in vec3 Position_worldspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Ouput data out vec3 color; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform sampler2D DiffuseTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D NormalTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D SpecularTextureSampler; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Light emission properties // You probably want to put them as uniforms vec3 LightColor = vec3(1,1,1); float LightPower = 40.0; // Material properties vec3 MaterialDiffuseColor = texture2D( DiffuseTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb; vec3 MaterialAmbientColor = vec3(0.1,0.1,0.1) * MaterialDiffuseColor; //vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = texture2D( SpecularTextureSampler, UV ).rgb * 0.3; vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = vec3(0.5,0.5,0.5); // Local normal, in tangent space. V tex coordinate is inverted because normal map is in TGA (not in DDS) for better quality vec3 TextureNormal_tangentspace = normalize(texture2D( NormalTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb*2.0 - 1.0); // Distance to the light float distance = length( LightPosition_worldspace - Position_worldspace ); // Normal of the computed fragment, in camera space vec3 n = TextureNormal_tangentspace; // Direction of the light (from the fragment to the light) vec3 l = normalize(LightDirection_tangentspace); // Cosine of the angle between the normal and the light direction, // clamped above 0 // - light is at the vertical of the triangle -> 1 // - light is perpendicular to the triangle -> 0 // - light is behind the triangle -> 0 float cosTheta = clamp( dot( n,l ), 0,1 ); // Eye vector (towards the camera) vec3 E = normalize(EyeDirection_tangentspace); // Direction in which the triangle reflects the light vec3 R = reflect(-l,n); // Cosine of the angle between the Eye vector and the Reflect vector, // clamped to 0 // - Looking into the reflection -> 1 // - Looking elsewhere -> < 1 float cosAlpha = clamp( dot( E,R ), 0,1 ); color = // Ambient : simulates indirect lighting MaterialAmbientColor + // Diffuse : "color" of the object MaterialDiffuseColor * LightColor * LightPower * cosTheta / (distance*distance) + // Specular : reflective highlight, like a mirror MaterialSpecularColor * LightColor * LightPower * pow(cosAlpha,5) / (distance*distance); //color.xyz = E; //color.xyz = LightDirection_tangentspace; //color.xyz = EyeDirection_tangentspace; } I have replaced the original color value by EyeDirection_tangentspace vector and then I got other strange effect but I can not link the image (not eunogh reputation) Is it possible that with this shaders is something wrong, or maybe in other place in my code e.g with my matrices? SOLVED Solved... 3 days needed for changing one letter from this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(12*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); to this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(11*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); see difference? :)

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A Code Statistics Utility

- by TATWORTH

SourceMonitor Beta Test Version 2.6.2.102 At http://www.campwoodsw.com/smbeta.html there is an excellent utility for producing statistics about your code base. This produces very useful statistics about your such as total lines and percentage of documentation. Recently it was extended with a new complexity metric that counts switch statements as one (all case statements within each switch block are ignored)"

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Unable to ping inside or outside network with default gateway 0.0.0.0

- by agentroadkill

I've been around here before and I could usually piece together everything to more or less get myself up and running, but this time I'm truly stumped. I'm trying to connect my new 14.04 install to a network, and I'm forced to be behind my college's router. Now I've tested the vary cable that is right now plugged into my Ubuntu box on a Windows, Mac OS X, and even my friend's Ubuntu 14.04 box, and they all connect no problem. I've been trying to track this down for about two days, but every time I get close to it, the bug jumps to some other piece of my connection. Anyway, as it sits ifconfig -a gives: eth2 Lninkencap:Ethernet HWaddr:00:1f:bc:08:31:1d inet addr:10.32.51.51 Bcast:10.32.51.155 Mask: 255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 RX bytes:0 TX bytes:0 as well as the local loopback, but I'm assuming that is not an issue here. sudo dhclient -v eth2 returns: Listening on LPF/<hardware address of my integrated NIC, above> Sending on <same> Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPREQUEST of 10.32.51.51 on eth2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x6f4a66ba) <two more lines of same> DHCPDISCOVER on eth2 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x156f9fb4) <many more of above with varying intervals> No DHCPOFFERS received. Trying recorded lease 10.32.51.51 RTNETLINK answers: File exists bound: renewal in <large number> seconds If I then try ping 8.8.8.8, I get: connect: Network is unreachable /etc/resolv.conf only contains the two lines telling you not to edit it, while /etc/network/interfaces only has the loopback interface block in it. I've tried commenting out the "option rfc3442" line in /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf which seemed to fix this issue for many people, as well as adding the line send vendor-class-indentifier "MSFT5.0" to dhclient.conf as well to tell the router I'm a windows box, in case they don't like Linux. Finally, route -n reveals: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.32.51.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 I would like to apologize in advance for the doubtless butchered text alignment, but I'm obviously typing this all by hand, reading from the terminal as I type commands. I'm hoping this is an interesting problem, and not something I blithely stumbled past in my (apparent) over-confidence. TIA! Quick addendum before posting: The activity light on the ethernet port are lit and one blinks during boot, but they rarely (and seemingly randomly) do so afterwards (both are dark) even while running dhclient in the foreground. When I had the Ubuntu box tethered to my MacBook earlier, I got what looked like a normal power/uplink blinking pattern, but was unable to ping one from the other.

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GWB -- Little More Interesting Info

- by lavanyadeepak

GWB -- Little More Interesting Info Whilst writing the post on 'Warming with GWB', I just recalled another historic entity often shortly known as GWB. It is in fact 'GWBasic' which we I started programming about fifteen years back way back in 1994 to 1995. GWBASIC was actually a version of BASIC in the lines of BASICA from Compaq. Eventually it was absorbed into QBasic and QuickBasic suite of products. Just thought I would share this recollection too in this context.

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Allow shutdown/restart if logged in another terminal

- by user20415

I have Natty installed. Howto allow shutdown/restart if other user logged in another terminal, for example using CTRL-ALT-DEL? I've tried to add the following lines in /etc/sudoers: user ALL=(root)NOPASSWD:/sbin/reboot user ALL=(root)NOPASSWD:/sbin/halt user ALL=(root)NOPASSWD:/sbin/shutdown and sudo chmod 750 /sbin/shutdown sudo chmod 750 /sbin/reboot or create /etc/shutdown.allow but it doesn't help and I still get Gnome login mask.

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Parallel Port Problem in 12.04

- by Frank Oberle

I have a “dumb” printer attached to a parallel port in my machine which works fine under the “other” resident operating system (from Redmond) on the same machine. I recently added Ubuntu 12.04 as a dual boot on the machine, but Ubuntu doesn't seem to recognize the parallel port at all. All I need to set up a printer is a really plain-vanilla fixed pitch text-only generic driver, which is present, but no parallel ports show up. (The other printers, all on USB ports, seem to work just fine). Following what appeared to me to be the most reasonable of the many conflicting pieces of advice on the web, here's what I did: I added the following lines to /etc/modules parport_pc ppdev parport Then, after rebooting, I checked to see that the lines were still present, and they were. I ran dmesg | grep par and got the following references in the output that seemed like they might have to do with the parallel port: [ 14.169511] parport_pc 0000:03:07.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 [ 14.169516] PCI parallel port detected: 9710:9805, I/O at 0xce00(0xcd00), IRQ 21 [ 14.169577] parport0: PC-style at 0xce00 (0xcd00), irq 21, using FIFO [PCSPP,TRISTATE,COMPAT,ECP] [ 14.354254] lp0: using parport0 (interrupt-driven). [ 14.571358] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver [ 16.588304] type=1400 audit(1347226670.386:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=964 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.588756] type=1400 audit(1347226670.386:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=964 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.673679] type=1400 audit(1347226670.470:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper" pid=1010 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.675252] type=1400 audit(1347226670.470:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=1014 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.675716] type=1400 audit(1347226670.470:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=1014 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.676636] type=1400 audit(1347226670.474:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=1015 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.677124] type=1400 audit(1347226670.474:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1015 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 1545.725328] parport0: ppdev0 forgot to release port I have no idea what any of that means, but the line “parport0: ppdev0 forgot to release port ” seems unusual. I was still unable to add a printer for my old clunker, so I tried the direct approach, typing echo “Hello” > /dev/lp0 and received a Permission denied message. I then tried echo “Hello” > /dev/parport0 which didn't give me any message at all, but still didn't print anything. Running the command sudo /usr/lib/cups/backend/parallel gives the following: direct parallel:/dev/lp0 "unknown" "LPT #1" "" "" Checking the permissions for /dev/parport0, Owner, Group, and Other are all set to read and write. crw-rw---- 1 root lp 6, 0 Sep 9 16:37 /dev/lp0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root lp 99, 0 Sep 9 16:37 /dev/parport0 The output of the command lpinfo -v includes the following line: direct parallel:/dev/lp0 I've read several web postings that seem to suggest this has been a problem for several years, but the bug reports were closed because there wasn't enough information to address the issue (shades of Microsoft!). Any suggestions as to what I might be missing here?

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SharePoint logging to a list

- by Norgean

I recently worked in an environment with several servers. Locating the correct SharePoint log file for error messages, or development trace calls, is cumbersome. And once the solution hit the cloud, it got even worse, as we had no access to the log files at all. Obviously we are not the only ones with this problem, and the current trend seems to be to log to a list. This had become an off-hour project, so rather than do the sensible thing and find a ready-made solution, I decided to do it the hard way. So! Fire up Visual Studio, create yet another empty SharePoint solution, and start to think of some requirements. Easy on/offI want to be able to turn list-logging on and off.Easy loggingFor me, this means being able to use string.Format.Easy filteringLet's have the possibility to add some filtering columns; category and severity, where severity can be "verbose", "warning" or "error". Easy on/off Well, that's easy. Create a new web feature. Add an event receiver, and create the list on activation of the feature. Tear the list down on de-activation. I chose not to create a new content type; I did not feel that it would give me anything extra. I based the list on the generic list - I think a better choice would have been the announcement type. Approximately: public void CreateLog(SPWeb web) { var list = web.Lists.TryGetList(LogListName); if (list == null) { var listGuid = web.Lists.Add(LogListName, "Logging for the masses", SPListTemplateType.GenericList); list = web.Lists[listGuid]; list.Title = LogListTitle; list.Update(); list.Fields.Add(Category, SPFieldType.Text, false); var stringColl = new StringCollection(); stringColl.AddRange(new[]{Error, Information, Verbose}); list.Fields.Add(Severity, SPFieldType.Choice, true, false, stringColl); ModifyDefaultView(list); } }Should be self explanatory, but: only create the list if it does not already exist (d'oh). Best practice: create it with a Url-friendly name, and, if necessary, give it a better title. ...because otherwise you'll have to look for a list with a name like "Simple_x0020_Log". I've added a couple of fields; a field for category, and a 'severity'. Both to make it easier to find relevant log messages. Notice that I don't have to call list.Update() after adding the fields - this would cause a nasty error (something along the lines of "List locked by another user"). The function for deleting the log is exactly as onerous as you'd expect: public void DeleteLog(SPWeb web) { var list = web.Lists.TryGetList(LogListTitle); if (list != null) { list.Delete(); } } So! "All" that remains is to log. Also known as adding items to a list. Lots of different methods with different signatures end up calling the same function. For example, LogVerbose(web, message) calls LogVerbose(web, null, message) which again calls another method which calls: private static void Log(SPWeb web, string category, string severity, string textformat, params object[] texts) { if (web != null) { var list = web.Lists.TryGetList(LogListTitle); if (list != null) { var item = list.AddItem(); // NOTE! NOT list.Items.Add… just don't, mkay? var text = string.Format(textformat, texts); if (text.Length > 255) // because the title field only holds so many chars. Sigh. text = text.Substring(0, 254); item[SPBuiltInFieldId.Title] = text; item[Degree] = severity; item[Category] = category; item.Update(); } } // omitted: Also log to SharePoint log. } By adding a params parameter I can call it as if I was doing a Console.WriteLine: LogVerbose(web, "demo", "{0} {1}{2}", "hello", "world", '!'); Ok, that was a silly example, a better one might be: LogError(web, LogCategory, "Exception caught when updating {0}. exception: {1}", listItem.Title, ex); For performance reasons I use list.AddItem rather than list.Items.Add. For completeness' sake, let us include the "ModifyDefaultView" function that I deliberately skipped earlier. private void ModifyDefaultView(SPList list) { // Add fields to default view var defaultView = list.DefaultView; var exists = defaultView.ViewFields.Cast<string>().Any(field => String.CompareOrdinal(field, Severity) == 0); if (!exists) { var field = list.Fields.GetFieldByInternalName(Severity); if (field != null) defaultView.ViewFields.Add(field); field = list.Fields.GetFieldByInternalName(Category); if (field != null) defaultView.ViewFields.Add(field); defaultView.Update(); var sortDoc = new XmlDocument(); sortDoc.LoadXml(string.Format("<Query>{0}</Query>", defaultView.Query)); var orderBy = (XmlElement) sortDoc.SelectSingleNode("//OrderBy"); if (orderBy != null && sortDoc.DocumentElement != null) sortDoc.DocumentElement.RemoveChild(orderBy); orderBy = sortDoc.CreateElement("OrderBy"); sortDoc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(orderBy); field = list.Fields[SPBuiltInFieldId.Modified]; var fieldRef = sortDoc.CreateElement("FieldRef"); fieldRef.SetAttribute("Name", field.InternalName); fieldRef.SetAttribute("Ascending", "FALSE"); orderBy.AppendChild(fieldRef); fieldRef = sortDoc.CreateElement("FieldRef"); field = list.Fields[SPBuiltInFieldId.ID]; fieldRef.SetAttribute("Name", field.InternalName); fieldRef.SetAttribute("Ascending", "FALSE"); orderBy.AppendChild(fieldRef); defaultView.Query = sortDoc.DocumentElement.InnerXml; //defaultView.Query = "<OrderBy><FieldRef Name='Modified' Ascending='FALSE' /><FieldRef Name='ID' Ascending='FALSE' /></OrderBy>"; defaultView.Update(); } } First two lines are easy - see if the default view includes the "Severity" column. If it does - quit; our job here is done.Adding "severity" and "Category" to the view is not exactly rocket science. But then? Then we build the sort order query. Through XML. The lines are numerous, but boring. All to achieve the CAML query which is commented out. The major benefit of using the dom to build XML, is that you may get compile time errors for spelling mistakes. I say 'may', because although the compiler will not let you forget to close a tag, it will cheerfully let you spell "Name" as "Naem". Whichever you prefer, at the end of the day the view will sort by modified date and ID, both descending. I added the ID as there may be several items with the same time stamp. So! Simple logging to a list, with sensible a view, and with normal functionality for creating your own filterings. I should probably have added some more views in code, ready filtered for "only errors", "errors and warnings" etc. And it would be nice to block verbose logging completely, but I'm not happy with the alternatives. (yetanotherfeature or an admin page seem like overkill - perhaps just removing it as one of the choices, and not log if it isn't there?) Before you comment - yes, try-catches have been removed for clarity. There is nothing worse than having a logging function that breaks your site!

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The Great PST Migration

Having recently been on the front lines of a massive PST import operation, Sean Duffy offers advice and points out pitfalls. More than anything, he wishes he had a simple tool with which to banish PST hell, and finishes with some hard-won guidelines.

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How does Github calculate language percentage in a repo?

- by John Isaacks

I have a repo with Ruby and PHP code in it. Github says my repo is 74.8% PHP and 25.2% Ruby I do not understand how this can be. When I compare the 2 languages in my project: # Count how many files: # Ruby ls | grep ".*\.rb" | wc -l # returns 10 #PHP ls | grep ".*\.php" | wc -l # returns 1 # Count how many lines, words, chars: # Ruby cat *.rb | wc # returns 229, 812, 5303 # PHP cat *.php | wc # returns 102, 473, 2760 Ruby always seems to have more. Am I missing something?

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Problem upgrading 11.04

- by Krazy_Kaos

I've been trying to upgrade my ubuntu 11.04 desktop computer, but when I click on the ugrade button: I get this error: I've tryied to change my repositories, but it changes nothing in the error((on the "setting new software channel"). Can someone point me in the right direction? This is my sources.list: # deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ailurus/ppa/ubuntu karmic main # disabled on upgrade to karmic # deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ailurus/ppa/ubuntu karmic main # disabled on upgrade to karmic # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 9.04 _Jaunty Jackalope_ - Release i386 (20090421.3)]/ jaunty main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty main restricted multiverse universe ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted multiverse universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports' ## repository. ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb-src http://pt.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jaunty-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu natty partner deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu natty partner deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-security main restricted multiverse universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-proposed restricted main multiverse universe # deb http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org karmic main # disabled on upgrade to maverick # deb-src http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org karmic main # disabled on upgrade to maverick deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu natty main #Third party developers repository

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