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  • How do I clear out the ssh-agent entries (on Mac OS X )?

    - by cwd
    I'm running Mac OS X, and it appears that after SSHing to several machines, using identity files, my 'ssh-agent' builds up a lot of identity / keys and then sometimes offers too many to a remote machine, causing them to kick me off before connecting: Received disconnect from 10.12.10.16: 2: Too many authentication failures for cwd It's pretty obvious what's happening, and this page talks about it in more detail: SSH servers only allow you to attempt to authenticate a certain number of times. Each failed password attempt, each failed pubkey/identity that is offered, etc, take up one of these attempts. If you have a lot of SSH keys in your agent, you may find that an SSH server may kick you out before allowing you to attempt password authentication at all. If this is the case, there are a few different workarounds. Rebooting clears the agent and then everything works OK again. I can also add this line to my .ssh/config file to force it to use password authentication: PreferredAuthentications keyboard-interactive,password Anyhow, I saw the note on the page I referenced talking about deleting keys from the agent, but I'm not sure if that applies on a Mac since they appear to be cleared after reboot anyhow. Is there a simple way to clear out all keys in the 'ssh-agent' (the same thing that happens at reboot)?

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  • Translatability Guidelines for Usability Professionals

    - by ultan o'broin
    There is a clearly a demand for translatability guidelines aimed at usability professionals working in the enterprise applications space, judging by Google Analytics and the interest generated in the Twitterverse by my previous post on the subject. So let's continue the conversation. I'll flesh out each of the original points a bit more in posts over the coming weeks. Bear in mind that large-scale enterprise translation is a process. It needs to be scalable, repeatable, maintainable, and above meet the requirements of automation. That doesn't mean the user experience needs to suffer, however. So, stay tuned for some translatability best practices for usability professionals....

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  • How can I remove all the files which has a string in a file

    - by michael
    Hi, I am trying to remove all the files in a directory hierarchy which a certain string inside the file (not the file name, it is the file content). I can list out all the file name which has a string in the file using 'grep -r -l mystringlooking for'. But how can I remove all the files returned by the grep ? I am trying this on ubuntu. Thank you.

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  • How to force mdadm to stop RAID5 array?

    - by lucek
    I have /dev/md127 RAID5 array that consisted of four drives. I managed to hot remove them from the array and currently /dev/md127 does not have any drives: cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdd1[0] sda1[1] 304052032 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid0 sda5[1] sdd5[0] 16770048 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks md127 : active raid5 super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/0] [____] unused devices: <none> and mdadm --detail /dev/md127 /dev/md127: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Thu Sep 6 10:39:57 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 8790402048 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB) Used Dev Size : 2930134016 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Sep 7 17:19:47 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 0 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 0 0 3 removed I've tried to do mdadm --stop /dev/md127 but: mdadm --stop /dev/md127 mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md127:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group? I made sure that it's unmounted, umount -l /dev/md127 and confirmed that it indeed is unmounted: umount /dev/md127 umount: /dev/md127: not mounted I've tried to zero superblock of each drive and I get (for each drive): mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sde1 mdadm: Unrecognised md component device - /dev/sde1 Here's output of lsof|grep md127: lsof|grep md127 md127_rai 276 root cwd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root rtd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root txt unknown /proc/276/exe What else can I do? LVM is not even installed so it can't be a factor.

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  • Confirm that two filesystems are identical, ignoring special files

    - by endolith
    /media/A and /media/B should be identical, but I want to confirm before deleting one. Duplicate file finders don't work, because they'll find two copies of the same file within B, for instance. I only want to confirm that every file in one is identical to the other. diff -qr /media/A/ /media/B/ seems to work, but the output is cluttered with garbage like diff: /media/A//etc/alternatives/ControlPanel: No such file or directory and File /media/A//dev/tty8 is a character special file while file /media/B//dev/tty8 is a character special file I can suppress the former with 2> /dev/null, but I don't know about the latter. rsync -avn /media/A/ /media/B/ also produces a bunch of clutter, like "skipping non-regular file". How can I compare the two trees and just make sure that all the real files exist in both and are identical?

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  • HALEVT troubleshooting: VFAT usb storage device gets mounted with root:root user:group

    - by Nova deViator
    Hi, i'm banging my head for number of days around this problem. using Halevt for automounting, everything mostly works, but the only thing is that Halevt mounts external USB storage devices as root. So, as user i cannot write to files on them. Halevt gets run as halevt user on boot through /etc/init.d script. This is Ubuntu Lucid with Awesome WM. No GDM. Running halevt as user seem to not work (halevt runs but doesn't respond on Insert) I know HAL is deprecated and removed and i should probably write my own UDEV rules, but until then it seems there must a be simple hack that enables mounting VFAT/NTFS devices with specific uid/gid. this question/answer helps a lot, but not specifically to the above.

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  • debian 6 losing a large amount of packets

    - by Sc0rian
    I have a rather strange problem. We covered all the obvious hardware related issues (different nic, eth cable and switch) however I cannot seem to stop eth dropping packets. I have 4 servers all exactly the same. driver: e1000e version: 1.2.20-k2 firmware-version: 1.8-0 bus-info: 0000:06:00.0 They are all running the latest kernel(2.6.32-5-amd64). However they do this: RX packets:17073870634 errors:0 dropped:14147208 overruns:0 frame:0 another server: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e0:69:95:05:2f:cb inet addr:10.10.10.86 Bcast:10.10.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5455209277 errors:0 dropped:375445 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3666134366 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6688414486673 (6.0 TiB) TX bytes:1611812171539 (1.4 TiB) Interrupt:20 Memory:d0600000-d0620000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1b:21:b7:7a:ce inet addr:10.10.0.86 Bcast:10.10.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:15473695728 errors:0 dropped:5808325 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:20112364421 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:9192378766434 (8.3 TiB) TX bytes:20216368266761 (18.3 TiB) Interrupt:17 Memory:d0280000-d02a0000 A massive amount of dropped packets. I have tried to load on the latest driver, 1.9.5. This did nothing. I'm not sure what else to do.

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  • subversion: enforce TLS

    - by Daniel Marschall
    Hello, I am running subversion on a Debian Squeeze system with Apache2 and mod_dav for viewing the contents with a webbrowser. I want to enforce the usage of TLS, so that the login data and the SVN contents cannot be read from the connection. I have tried following: <Location /svn> DAV svn SVNParentPath /daten/subversion/ # our access control policy AuthzSVNAccessFile /daten/subversion/access_control # try anonymous access first, resort to real # authentication if necessary. Satisfy Any Require valid-user # how to authenticate a user AuthType Basic AuthName "Subversion repository" AuthUserFile /daten/subversion/.htpasswd # Test SSLRequireSSL RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !443 RewriteRule ^svn/(.)$ https://www.viathinksoft.de/svn/$1 [R,L] </Location> at file /etc/apache2/conf.d/subversion.conf Alas, this does not work. There is no redirect and there is still a HTTP request working at /svn/(projectname)/(somefolder) . This SSL-enforce-policy should work for - viewing the contents with webbrowser - retrieve contents with TurtoiseSVN client - committing contents with TurtoiseSVN client Can you please help me? Regards Daniel Marschall

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  • I need a reverse proxy solution for SSH

    - by Bond
    Hi here is a situation I have a server in a corporate data center for a project. I have an SSH access to this machine at port 22.There are some virtual machines running on this server and then at the back of every thing many other Operating systems are working. Now Since I am behind the data centers firewall my supervisor asked me if I can do some thing by which I can give many people on Internet access to these virtual machines directly. I know if I were allowed to get traffic on port other than 22 then I can do a port forwarding. But since I am not allowed this so what can be a solution in this case. The people who would like to connect might be complete idiots.Who may be happy just by opening putty at their machines or may be even filezilla.I have configured an Apache Reverse Proxy for redirecting the Internet traffic to the virtual machines on these hosts.But I am not clear as for SSH what can I do.So is there some thing equivalent to an Apache Reverse Proxy which can do similar work for SSH in this situation. I do not have firewall in my hands or any port other than 22 open and in fact even if I request they wont allow to open.2 times SSH is not some thing that my supervisor wants.

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  • Public Cloud, co-location and managed services ... what is the cloud?

    - by llaszews
    Recently I have had conversation with a number of people that are selling and implementing 'cloud' solutions. I put cloud in quotes as implementations like co-location (aka co-lo) and managed services (sometimes referred to as 'your mess for less') have become popular options for companies moving to the cloud. These are obviously not pure public cloud offerings and probably more of hybrid cloud implementations as the infrastructure (PasS and IaaS)is dedicated to a specific customer. This eliminates the security, multi-tenancy, performance and other concerns that companies have regarding public cloud. Are co-location and managed services cloud to you? Are they something your company is considering when you think about cloud ?

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  • Hang while starting several daemons

    - by Adrian Lang
    I’m running a Debian Squeeze AMD64 server. Target runlevel after boot is runlevel 2, which includes rsyslogd, cron, sshd and some other stuff, but not dovecot, postfix, apache2, etc. The system fails to reach runlevel 2 with several symptoms: The system hangs at trying to start rsyslogd Booting into runlevel 1 works, then login from the console works Starting rsyslogd from runlevel 1 via /etc/init.d/rsyslog hangs Starting runlevel 2 with rsyslogd disabled works But then, logging in via console fails: I get the motd, and then nothing Starting sshd from runlevel 1 succeeds But then, I cannot login via ssh. Sometimes password ssh login gives me the motd and then nothing, sometimes not even this. Trying to offer a public key seems to annoy the sshd enough to not talk to me any further. When rebooting from runlevel 1, the server hangs at trying to stop apache2 (which is not running, so this really should be trivial). Trying to stop apache2 when logged in in runleve 1 does hang as well. And that’s just the stuff which fails all the time. RAM has been tested, dmesg shows no problems. I have no clue. Update: (shortened) output from rsyslogd -c4 -d called in runlevel 1 rsyslogd 4.6.4 startup, compatibility mode 4, module path '' caller requested object 'net', not found (iRet -3003) Requested to load module 'lmnet' loading module '/user/lib/rsyslog/lmnet.so' module of type 2 being loaded conf.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount 1 rsylog runtime initialized, version 4.6.4, current users 1 syslogd.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount now 2 I can kill rsyslogd with Strg+C, then. /var/log shows none of the configured log files, though. Update2: Thanks to @DerfK I still have no clue, but at least I narrowed down the problem. I’m now testing with /etc/init.d/apache2 stop (without an apache2 running, of course) which hangs as well and looks like an even more obvious failure. After some testing I found out that a file with one single line: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest /dev/null 2&1 hangs, while the same line executed in an interactive shell works. I was not able to further reduce this line while, i. e. every single part, the stream redirections and the commando itself is necessary to reproduce the hang. @DerfK also pointed me to strace which gave a shallow hint about what kind of hang we have here: wait4(-1for the init scripts futex(0xsomepointer, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 2, NULL for rsyslogd / apache2 binaries called by the init scripts The system was installed as a Debian Lenny by my hoster in autumn 2011, I upgraded it to Squeeze immediately and kept it up to date with Squeeze, which then used to be testing. There were no big changes, though. I guess I never tried to reboot the system before.

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  • Shorewall: temporarily drop incoming traffic except port 22?

    - by Magnetic_dud
    When I work on configuration files, especially of the mail server, I would like to temporarily drop all the incoming traffic except the port 22. So, I don't risk to lose incoming mails if I need to move the mail server to another server, or something like that. Using shorewall, how I could do that? I was thinking to create a rules file to divert all the traffic to a non-existant internal ip and switch it with the normal file when needed.

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  • Restrict a port to a single app

    - by viraptor
    I'd like to restrict a range of udp ports to a single application (or a user). What I'd like to achieve is not simply blocking a bind() from other uids, but also remove the range from a pool that can be auto-assigned. For example, if someone tries to explicitly bind 12345, but doesn't run the specified app, they should get EPERM. If someone tries to bind an unspecified port, they should never try to bind 12345 at random. Is there any system that can help here? I tried browsing apparmor / selinux docs, but they seem to do the blocking part only.

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  • Postfix as mail relay for web servers?

    - by Ben Carleton
    Hi all, I want to set up Postfix to relay mail from a group of webservers. I would like to limit senders by IP so I can restrict the box to only my webservers, so I don't have an open relay and don't have to worry about authentication. So, what I guess I need is to limit inbound access but allow mail to be sent to any outbound address. I've looked through the docs and don't even know where to start, so any tips would be appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Belgrade Open Source Software Development Center

    - by Tori Wieldt
    A new Open Source Software Development Center is open at University of Belgrade Serbia. It centers around using Java & NetBeans as open source projects to learn from and contribute to. Assistant Professor Zoran Sevarac says that not only does the center allow him to teach software development using open source projects, but also "we are improving our University courses based on the experience we get from working on open source code."  Some of the projects underway are a NetBeans UML plugin; Neuroph (a Java neural network framework, with a NetBeans Platform-based UI); a NetBeans DOAP Plugin; WorkieTalkie (NetBeans chat plugin); and 2D and 3D visualization plugins for NetBeans. Here's video describing the NetBeans UML plugin: University of Belgrade also has an official university course about open source development, where students learn to use development tools, work in teams, participate in open source projects and learn from real world software development projects. Students, teachers, and researchers at the University of Belgrade, and any member of the open source community are welcome to come to learn software development from successful open source projects. For more information, you can contact Zoran Sevarac (@neuroph on Twitter). 

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  • Very high memory usage, but not claimed by any process?

    - by SharkWipf
    While stress-testing LVM on one of our Debian servers, I came across this issue where memory would fill up a lot to the point where it would run the server out of memory, but no process would claim the memory. See http://i.imgur.com/cLn5ZHS.png, and see http://serverfault.com/a/449102/125894 for an explanation on the colors used in htop. Why is this happening? And is there any way to see what process is using the memory? Htop is configured not to hide any processes, so what is it that htop is missing? In this particular case, I can fairly certainly say that it is caused, directly or indirectly, by lvmcreate, lvmremove or dmsetup, as I was stress-testing that. Do note that this question is not about solving the LVM problem, but about why the memory isn't claimed by any process. Stopping all LVM commands does bring the memory back down to <600MB.

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  • SSH command from PHP script - nothing, yet work at cmd line

    - by waxical
    I'm working on an EC2 box and trying to SSH command another box. The command works in command-line, even php -a interactive. However it does not work when running as apache. Example cmd:- system('ssh -i /home/me/keys/key.pem [email protected] "ls"'); I've tried adding apache to wheel group, and gshadow on both boxes. I've also just tried chowning the pem file to apache. Nothing. Yet the command response fine in the two other use cases outlines. What's going on here? Anyone know?

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  • My new Intel X25-M G2 and the alignment thingy

    - by Oli
    I just bought a new SSD for my laptop, which is going to be a server running ArchLinux with grub2, GPT and btrfs. My layout should look like this: (grub-partition?) /boot ext2 75MB / btrfs 15GB /home btrfs remaining What do I need to do to create these partitions in a correctly aligned fashion using parted? Do I need to consider alignment when formatting each partition with the desired file system?

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  • Recovering/Creating NewWorld Partition on Mac G4 (PPC) after botched Debian Install

    - by Luis Espinal
    I was trying to install Debian 5.04 on a Mac G4, and in typical geek tradition, I didn't RTFM. During installation, I nuked all existing partitions, creating new to my liking. But as I learned later during the installation process, yaboot needed a NewWorld partition, so I can't boot the installation. I don't have any OSX CDs with me (this is a used G4 I purchased of craigslist) with which to create a HFS partition. I've re-run the Debian installer, which lets me create a partition that is supposed to be of type 'NewWorld', but the installer does not seem to like it or recognizes it. Any ideas how to proceed from here? Thanks.

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  • Why assign write and execute permissions to a group when executing web scripts?

    - by PeanutsMonkey
    If I have a script that is to be executed by the nobody user, why is there a need to assign group write and execute permissions. For example in the article at http://www.zzee.com/solutions/unix-permissions.shtml, it notes that the permission 755 should be assigned to scripts on a web server. I understand that the user nobody is treated as others and as the owner of the script I would like full permissions. Am I missing something?

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  • SSH connection falling down

    - by kappa
    I've set up a connection with autossh that creates some tunnels at system startup, but if I try to connect, after successful login (with RSA key) connection fall down, here a trace: debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). debug1: Remote connections from LOCALHOST:5006 forwarded to local address localhost:22 debug1: Remote connections from LOCALHOST:6006 forwarded to local address localhost:80 debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug1: remote forward success for: listen 5006, connect localhost:22 debug1: remote forward success for: listen 6006, connect localhost:80 debug1: All remote forwarding requests processed debug1: Sending environment. debug1: Sending env LANG = it_IT.UTF-8 debug1: Sending env LC_CTYPE = en_US.UTF-8 debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0 debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype [email protected] reply 0 debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1 Transferred: sent 2400, received 2312 bytes, in 1.3 seconds Bytes per second: sent 1904.2, received 1834.4 debug1: Exit status 1 What can be the problem? All this stuff is managed by a script already running on another machine (creating reverse tunnels on the same machine but with different ports)

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  • Add a trailing slash mod_rewrite

    - by Conner Stephen McCabe
    just wondering how I add a trailing slash at the end of my URL's using Mod_Rewrite? This is my .htaccess file currently: RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^([^/]*)$ index.php?pageName=$1 My URL show like so: wwww.**.com/pageName I want it to show like so: wwww.**.com/pageName/ The URL is holding a GET request internally, but I want it to look like a genuine directory.

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  • GLP for Pillar Axiom 600 Storage System Implementation Specialist

    - by uwes
    Now availabe at OPN Competency Center. The guided learning path provides you with an overview of the Pillar Axiom 600 storage system, and the technical details that you need to become a Pillar Axiom 600 Storage System Certified Implementation Specialist.  Learn more, go to: Pillar Axiom 600 Storage System Implementation Specialist.

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  • External monitor image not centered in the screen

    - by kemp
    I'm using Xorg 7.5 on a Radeon HD4870 with the FOSS radeonhd server on my HP 6830s. The laptop has a VGA connector and I attach it to a 37" panasonic plasma TV. It works fine except for a little annoyance: when activated, the TV screen is set to the resolution of 1360x768 (which it reports as being the highest it supports) but all the image is shifted by about 100 pixels to the right. I can't see the leftmost part of the page, and I have a black vertical bar to the right. If I change the resolution to 1024x768 there is no shifting, the image fills the entire screen with no parts hidden, but at this resolution the image is stretched. How can I tune the position on the external monitor so that the image is centered in the screen filling it entirely?

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  • Heartbeat/DRBD failover didn't work as expected. How do I make the failover more robust?

    - by Quinn Murphy
    I had a scenario where a DRBD-heartbeat set up had a failed node but did not failover. What happened was the primary node had locked up, but didn't go down directly (it was inaccessible via ssh or with the nfs mount, but it could be pinged). The desired behavior would have been to detect this and failover to the secondary node, but it appears that since the primary didn't go full down (there is a dedicated network connection from server to server), heartbeat's detection mechanism didn't pick up on that and therefore didn't failover. Has anyone seen this? Is there something that I need to configure to have more robust cluster failover? DRBD seems to otherwise work fine (had to resync when I rebooted the old primary), but without good failover, it's use is limited. heartbeat 3.0.4 drbd84 RHEL 6.1 We are not using Pacemaker nfs03 is the primary server in this setup, and nfs01 is the secondary. ha.cf # Hearbeat Logging logfacility daemon udpport 694 ucast eth0 192.168.10.47 ucast eth0 192.168.10.42 # Cluster members node nfs01.openair.com node nfs03.openair.com # Hearbeat communication timing. # Sets the triggers and pulse time for swapping over. keepalive 1 warntime 10 deadtime 30 initdead 120 #fail back automatically auto_failback on and here is the haresources file: nfs03.openair.com IPaddr::192.168.10.50/255.255.255.0/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data::ext4 nfs nfslock

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