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• Why does a delegate with no parameters compile?

  - by Ryan

  I'm confused why this compiles: private delegate int MyDelegate(int p1, int p2); private void testDelegate() { MyDelegate imp = delegate { return 1; }; } MyDelegate should be a pointer to a method that takes two int parameters and returns another int, right? Why am I allowed to assign a method that takes no parameters? Interestingly, these doesn't compile (it complains about the signature mismatches, as I'd expect) private void testDelegate() { // Missing param MyDelegate imp = delegate(int p1) { return 1; }; // Wrong return type MyDelegate imp2 = delegate(int p1, int p2) { return "String"; }; } Thanks for any help! Ryan

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• Dynamic obfuscation by self-modifying code

  - by Fallout2

  Hi all, Here what's i am trying to do: assume you have two fonction void f1(int *v) { *v = 55; } void f2(int *v) { *v = 44; } char *template; template = allocExecutablePages(...); char *allocExecutablePages (int pages) { template = (char *) valloc (getpagesize () * pages); if (mprotect (template, getpagesize (), PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC|PROT_WRITE) == -1) { perror (“mprotect”); } } I would like to do a comparison between f1 and f2 (so tell what is identical and what is not) (so get the assembly lines of those function and make a line by line comparison) And then put those line in my template. Is there a way in C to do that? THanks Update Thank's for all you answers guys but maybe i haven't explained my need correctly. basically I'm trying to write a little obfuscation method. The idea consists in letting two or more functions share the same location in memory. A region of memory (which we will call a template) is set up containing some of the machine code bytes from the functions, more specifically, the ones they all have in common. Before a particular function is executed, an edit script is used to patch the template with the necessary machine code bytes to create a complete version of that function. When another function assigned to the same template is about to be executed, the process repeats, this time with a different edit script. To illustrate this, suppose you want to obfuscate a program that contains two functions f1 and f2. The first one (f1) has the following machine code bytes Address Machine code 0 10 1 5 2 6 3 20 and the second one (f2) has Address Machine code 0 10 1 9 2 3 3 20 At obfuscation time, one will replace f1 and f2 by the template Address Machine code 0 10 1 ? 2 ? 3 20 and by the two edit scripts e1 = {1 becomes 5, 2 becomes 6} and e2 = {1 becomes 9, 2 becomes 3}. #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> typedef unsigned int uint32; typedef char * addr_t; typedef struct { uint32 offset; char value; } EDIT; EDIT script1[200], script2[200]; char *template; int template_len, script_len = 0; typedef void(*FUN)(int *); int val, state = 0; void f1_stub () { if (state != 1) { patch (script1, script_len, template); state = 1; } ((FUN)template)(&val); } void f2_stub () { if (state != 2) { patch (script2, script_len, template); state = 2; } ((FUN)template)(&val); } int new_main (int argc, char **argv) { f1_stub (); f2_stub (); return 0; } void f1 (int *v) { *v = 99; } void f2 (int *v) { *v = 42; } int main (int argc, char **argv) { int f1SIZE, f2SIZE; /* makeCodeWritable (...); */ /* template = allocExecutablePages(...); */ /* Computed at obfuscation time */ diff ((addr_t)f1, f1SIZE, (addr_t)f2, f2SIZE, script1, script2, &script_len, template, &template_len); /* We hide the proper code */ memset (f1, 0, f1SIZE); memset (f2, 0, f2SIZE); return new_main (argc, argv); } So i need now to write the diff function. that will take the addresses of my two function and that will generate a template with the associated script. So that is why i would like to compare bytes by bytes my two function Sorry for my first post who was not very understandable! Thank you

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• Can any function be a deleted-function?

  - by Caspin

  The working draft explicitly calls out that defaulted-functions must be special member functions (eg copy-constructor, default-constructor, etc). Which makes perfect sense. However, I don't see any such restriction on deleted-functions. Is that right? Or in other words are these three examples valid c++0? struct Foo { // 1 int bar( int ) = delete; }; // 2 int baz( int ) = delete; template< typename T > int boo( T t ); // 3 template<> int boo<int>(int t) = delete;

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• abstract class in C++

  - by Alexander

  I have a derived derived class from an abstract class. The code is below. I have a FishTank class which is derived from an Aquarium and Aquarium is derived from item. My question is that should I put the definition of virtual int minWidth() const = 0; in aquarium again or is the code below sufficient? class Item{ public: virtual int minWidth() const = 0; }; class Aquarium{ public: virtual int calWidth() = 0; // Pure virtual function. }; class FishTank : public Aquarium{ public: FishTank(int base1, int base2, int height); ~FishTank(); int calWidth(); int minWidth(); };

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• How to create a database deadlock using jdbc and JUNIT

  - by Isawpalmetto

  I am trying to create a database deadlock and I am using JUnit. I have two concurrent tests running which are both updating the same row in a table over and over again in a loop. My idea is that you update say row A in Table A and then row B in Table B over and over again in one test. Then at the same time you update row B table B and then row A Table A over and over again. From my understanding this should eventually result in a deadlock. Here is the code For the first test. public static void testEditCC() { try{ int rows = 0; int counter = 0; int large=10000000; Connection c=DataBase.getConnection(); while(counter<large) { int pid = 87855; int cCode = 655; String newCountry="Egypt"; int bpl = 0; stmt = c.createStatement(); rows = stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE main " + //create lock on main table "SET BPL="+cCode+ "WHERE ID="+pid); rows = stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE BPL SET DESCRIPTION='SomeWhere' WHERE ID=602"); //create lock on bpl table counter++; } assertTrue(rows == 1); //rows = stmt.executeUpdate("Insert into BPL (ID, DESCRIPTION) VALUES ("+cCode+", '"+newCountry+"')"); } catch(SQLException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); //ex.getMessage(); } } And here is the code for the second test. public static void testEditCC() { try{ int rows = 0; int counter = 0; int large=10000000; Connection c=DataBase.getConnection(); while(counter<large) { int pid = 87855; int cCode = 655; String newCountry="Jordan"; int bpl = 0; stmt = c.createStatement(); //stmt.close(); rows = stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE BPL SET DESCRIPTION='SomeWhere' WHERE ID=602"); //create lock on bpl table rows = stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE main " + //create lock on main table "SET BPL="+cCode+ "WHERE ID="+pid); counter++; } assertTrue(rows == 1); //rows = stmt.executeUpdate("Insert into BPL (ID, DESCRIPTION) VALUES ("+cCode+", '"+newCountry+"')"); } catch(SQLException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } I am running these two separate JUnit tests at the same time and am connecting to an apache Derby database that I am running in network mode within Eclipse. Can anyone help me figure out why a deadlock is not occurring? Perhaps I am using JUnit wrong.

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• What is the best practice when coding math class/functions ?

  - by Isaac Clarke

  Introductory note : I voluntarily chose a wide subject. You know that quote about learning a cat to fish, that's it. I don't need an answer to my question, I need an explanation and advice. I know you guys are good at this ;) Hi guys, I'm currently implementing some algorithms into an existing program. Long story short, I created a new class, "Adder". An Adder is a member of another class representing the physical object actually doing the calculus , which calls adder.calc() with its parameters (merely a list of objects to do the maths on). To do these maths, I need some parameters, which do not exist outside of the class (but can be set, see below). They're neither config parameters nor members of other classes. These parameters are D1 and D2, distances, and three arrays of fixed size : alpha, beta, delta. I know some of you are more comfortable reading code than reading text so here you go : class Adder { public: Adder(); virtual Adder::~Adder(); void set( float d1, float d2 ); void set( float d1, float d2, int alpha[N_MAX], int beta[N_MAX], int delta[N_MAX] ); // Snipped prototypes float calc( List& ... ); // ... inline float get_d1() { return d1_ ;}; inline float get_d2() { return d2_ ;}; private: float d1_; float d2_; int alpha_[N_MAX]; // A #define N_MAX is done elsewhere int beta_[N_MAX]; int delta_[N_MAX]; }; Since this object is used as a member of another class, it is declared in a *.h : private: Adder adder_; By doing that, I couldn't initialize the arrays (alpha/beta/delta) directly in the constructor ( int T[3] = { 1, 2, 3 }; ), without having to iterate throughout the three arrays. I thought of putting them in static const, but I don't think that's the proper way of solving such problems. My second guess was to use the constructor to initialize the arrays Adder::Adder() { int alpha[N_MAX] = { 0, -60, -120, 180, 120, 60 }; int beta[N_MAX] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }; int delta[N_MAX] = { 0, 0, 180, 180, 180, 0 }; set( 2.5, 0, alpha, beta, delta ); } void Adder::set( float d1, float d2 ) { if (d1 > 0) d1_ = d1; if (d2 > 0) d2_ = d2; } void Adder::set( float d1, float d2, int alpha[N_MAX], int beta[N_MAX], int delta[N_MAX] ) { set( d1, d2 ); for (int i = 0; i < N_MAX; ++i) { alpha_[i] = alpha[i]; beta_[i] = beta[i]; delta_[i] = delta[i]; } } My question is : Would it be better to use another function - init() - which would initialize arrays ? Or is there a better way of doing that ? My bonus question is : Did you see some mistakes or bad practice along the way ?

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• How to access variables in shared memory

  - by user1723361

  I am trying to create a shared memory segment containing three integers and an array. The segment is created and a pointer is attached, but when I try to access the values of the variables (whether changing, printing, etc.) I get a segmentation fault. Here is the code I tried: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include <sys/sem.h> #define SIZE 10 int* shm_front; int* shm_end; int* shm_count; int* shm_array; int shm_size = 3*sizeof(int) + sizeof(shm_array[SIZE]); int main(int argc, char* argsv[]) { int shmid; //create shared memory segment if((shmid = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, shm_size, 0644)) == -1) { printf("error in shmget"); exit(1); } //obtain the pointer to the segment if((shm_front = (int*)shmat(shmid, (void *)0, 0)) == (void *)-1) { printf("error in shmat"); exit(1); } //move down the segment to set the other pointers shm_end = shm_front + 1; shm_count = shm_front + 2; shm_array = shm_front + 3; //tests on shm //*shm_end = 10; //gives segmentation fault //printf("\n%d", *shm_front); //gives segmentation fault //clean-up //get rid of shared memory shmdt(shm_front); shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); //printf("\n\n"); return 0; } I tried accessing the shared memory by dereferencing the pointer to the struct, but got a segmentation fault each time.

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• How can I hash a string to an int using c++?

  - by zebraman

  I have to write my own hash function. If I wanted to just make the simple hash function that maps each letter in the string to a numerical value (i.e. a=1, b=2, c=3, ...), is there a way I can perform this hash on a string without having to first convert it to a c-string to look at each individual char? Is there a more efficient way of hashing strings?

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• C++ Constructor initialization list strangeness

  - by Andy

  I have always been a good boy when writing my classes, prefixing all member variables with m_: class Test { int m_int1; int m_int2; public: Test(int int1, int int2) : m_int1(int int1), m_int2(int int2) {} }; void main() { Test t(10, 20); // Just an example } However, recently I forgot to do that and ended up writing: class Test { int int1; int int2; public: // Very questionable, but of course I meant to assign ::int1 to this->int1! Test(int int1, int int2) : int1(int1), int2(int2) {} }; Believe it or not, the code compiled with no errors/warnings and the assignments took place correctly! It was only when doing the final check before checking in my code when I realised what I had done. My question is: why did my code compile? Is something like that allowed in the C++ standard, or is it simply a case of the compiler being clever? In case you were wondering, I was using Visual Studio 2008 Thank you.

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• How to tell where I am in an array with pointer arythmetic?

  - by klez

  In C, I have declared a memory area like this: int cells = 512; int* memory = (int*) malloc ((sizeof (int)) * cells); And I place myself more or less in the middle int* current_cell = memory + ((cells / 2) * sizeof (int)); My question is, while I increment *current_cell, how do I know if I reached the end of the allocated memory area?

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• How would you structure your entity model for storing arbitrary key/value data with different data t

  - by Nathan Ridley

  I keep coming across scenarios where it will be useful to store a set of arbitrary data in a table using a per-row key/value model, rather than a rigid column/field model. The problem is, I want to store the values with their correct data type rather than converting everything to a string. This means I have to choose either a single table with multiple nullable columns, one for each data type, or a set of value tables, one for each data type. I'm also unsure as to whether I should use full third normal form and separate the keys into a separate table, referencing them via a foreign key from the value table(s), or if it would be better to keep things simple and store the string keys in the value table(s) and accept the duplication of strings. Old/bad: This solution makes adding additional values a pain in a fluid environment because the table needs to be modified regularly. MyTable ============================ ID Key1 Key2 Key3 int int string date ---------------------------- 1 Value1 Value2 Value3 2 Value4 Value5 Value6 Single Table Solution This solution allows simplicity via a single table. The querying code still needs to check for nulls to determine which data type the field is storing. A check constraint is probably also required to ensure only one of the value fields contains non-nulll data. DataValues ============================================================= ID RecordID Key IntValue StringValue DateValue int int string int string date ------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 Key1 Value1 NULL NULL 2 1 Key2 NULL Value2 NULL 3 1 Key3 NULL NULL Value3 4 2 Key1 Value4 NULL NULL 5 2 Key2 NULL Value5 NULL 6 2 Key3 NULL NULL Value6 Multiple-Table Solution This solution allows for more concise purposing of each table, though the code needs to know the data type in advance as it needs to query a different table for each data type. Indexing is probably simpler and more efficient because there are less columns that need indexing. IntegerValues =============================== ID RecordID Key Value int int string int ------------------------------- 1 1 Key1 Value1 2 2 Key1 Value4 StringValues =============================== ID RecordID Key Value int int string string ------------------------------- 1 1 Key2 Value2 2 2 Key2 Value5 DateValues =============================== ID RecordID Key Value int int string date ------------------------------- 1 1 Key3 Value3 2 2 Key3 Value6 How do you approach this problem? Which solution is better? Also, should the key column be separated into a separate table and referenced via a foreign key or be should it be kept in the value table and bulk updated if for some reason the key name changes?

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• Designing an API with compile-time option to remove first parameter to most functions and use a glob

  - by tomlogic

  I'm trying to design a portable API in ANSI C89/ISO C90 to access a wireless networking device on a serial interface. The library will have multiple network layers, and various versions need to run on embedded devices as small as an 8-bit micro with 32K of code and 2K of data, on up to embedded devices with a megabyte or more of code and data. In most cases, the target processor will have a single network interface and I'll want to use a single global structure with all state information for that device. I don't want to pass a pointer to that structure through the network layers. In a few cases (e.g., device with more resources that needs to live on two networks) I will interface to multiple devices, each with their own global state, and will need to pass a pointer to that state (or an index to a state array) through the layers. I came up with two possible solutions, but neither one is particularly pretty. Keep in mind that the full driver will potentially be 20,000 lines or more, cover multiple files, and contain hundreds of functions. The first solution requires a macro that discards the first parameter for every function that needs to access the global state: // network.h typedef struct dev_t { int var; long othervar; char name[20]; } dev_t; #ifdef IF_MULTI #define foo_function( x, a, b, c) _foo_function( x, a, b, c) #define bar_function( x) _bar_function( x) #else extern dev_t DEV; #define IFACE (&DEV) #define foo_function( x, a, b, c) _foo_function( a, b, c) #define bar_function( x) _bar_function( ) #endif int bar_function( dev_t *IFACE); int foo_function( dev_t *IFACE, int a, long b, char *c); // network.c #ifndef IF_MULTI dev_t DEV; #endif int bar_function( dev_t *IFACE) { memset( IFACE, 0, sizeof *IFACE); return 0; } int foo_function( dev_t *IFACE, int a, long b, char *c) { bar_function( IFACE); IFACE->var = a; IFACE->othervar = b; strcpy( IFACE->name, c); return 0; } The second solution defines macros to use in the function declarations: // network.h typedef struct dev_t { int var; long othervar; char name[20]; } dev_t; #ifdef IF_MULTI #define DEV_PARAM_ONLY dev_t *IFACE #define DEV_PARAM DEV_PARAM_ONLY, #else extern dev_t DEV; #define IFACE (&DEV) #define DEV_PARAM_ONLY void #define DEV_PARAM #endif int bar_function( DEV_PARAM_ONLY); // I don't like the missing comma between DEV_PARAM and arg2... int foo_function( DEV_PARAM int a, long b, char *c); // network.c #ifndef IF_MULTI dev_t DEV; #endif int bar_function( DEV_PARAM_ONLY) { memset( IFACE, 0, sizeof *IFACE); return 0; } int foo_function( DEV_PARAM int a, long b, char *c) { bar_function( IFACE); IFACE->var = a; IFACE->othervar = b; strcpy( IFACE->name, c); return 0; } The C code to access either method remains the same: // multi.c - example of multiple interfaces #define IF_MULTI #include "network.h" dev_t if0, if1; int main() { foo_function( &if0, -1, 3.1415926, "public"); foo_function( &if1, 42, 3.1415926, "private"); return 0; } // single.c - example of a single interface #include "network.h" int main() { foo_function( 11, 1.0, "network"); return 0; } Is there a cleaner method that I haven't figured out? I lean toward the second since it should be easier to maintain, and it's clearer that there's some macro magic in the parameters to the function. Also, the first method requires prefixing the function names with "_" when I want to use them as function pointers. I really do want to remove the parameter in the "single interface" case to eliminate unnecessary code to push the parameter onto the stack, and to allow the function to access the first "real" parameter in a register instead of loading it from the stack. And, if at all possible, I don't want to have to maintain two separate codebases. Thoughts? Ideas? Examples of something similar in existing code? (Note that using C++ isn't an option, since some of the planned targets don't have a C++ compiler available.)

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• get user selection and convert it to a String [Android]

  - by Kira

  Hello, I just got a Droid, and after having used it for a while, I felt like I wanted to make a program for it. The program that I am trying to make calculates the actual storage capacity of secondary storage mediums. The user select from a list of units that ranges from KB to YB and the size the entered gets put into a formula depending on the chosen unit. However, there is a bit of a problem with the program. From my testing, I have narrowed it down to the fact that the user's selection is not really being obtained from the spinner. Everything I look up seems to point me to a method quite similar to how it works in J2SE, but it does nothing. How am I actually supposed to get that data? Here is the Java source code for the app: package com.Actual.android; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.*; import android.view.*; public class ActualStorageActivity extends Activity { Spinner selection; /* declare variable, in order to control spinner (ComboBox) */ ArrayAdapter adapter; /* declare an array adapter object, in order for spinner to work */ EditText size; /* declare variable to control textfield */ EditText result; /* declare variable to control textfield */ Button calculate; /* declare variable to control button */ Storage capacity = new Storage(); /* import custom class for formulas */ /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); // load content from XML selection = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spinner); adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this, R.array.choices_array, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); size = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.size); result = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.result); calculate = (Button)findViewById(R.id.submit); adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); /* set resource for dropdown */ selection.setAdapter(adapter); // attach adapter to spinner result.setEnabled(false); // make read-only result.setText("usable storage"); } public void calcAction(View view) { String initial = size.getText().toString(); String unit = selection.getSelectedItem().toString(); String end = "Nothing"; double convert = Double.parseDouble(initial); capacity.setStorage(convert); if (unit == "KB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getKB()); } else if (unit == "MB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getMB()); } else if (unit == "GB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getGB()); } else if (unit == "TB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getTB()); } else if (unit == "PB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getPB()); } else if (unit == "EB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getEB()); } else if (unit == "ZB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getZB()); } else if (unit == "YB") { end = Double.toString(capacity.getYB()); } else; result.setText(end); } }

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• Error:A generic error occurred in GDI+

  - by sanfra1983

  Hi, I created a web project on the server, and when I upload an image shows me the error Error: A generic error occurred in GDI +. I have read many links on the net that talk about this issue, and although I made the changes, nothing went wrong. I was thinking if the case is not an issue of permissions to folders. In fact I have two folders one inside the other. This is the code to resize the image: public Bitmaps ResizeImage (Stream stream, int? width, int? height) ( System.Drawing.Bitmap bmpOut = null; const int defaultWidth = 800; const int defaultHeight = 600; int width = lnWidth == null? defaultWidth: (int) width; int height = lnHeight == null? defaultHeight: (int) height; try ( LoBMP bitmap = new Bitmap (stream); ImageFormat loFormat = loBMP.RawFormat; decimal lnRatio; lnNewWidth int = 0; lnNewHeight int = 0; if (loBMP.Width <& & lnWidth loBMP.Height <lnHeight) ( loBMP return; ) if (loBMP.Width> loBMP.Height) ( lnRatio = (decimal) lnWidth / loBMP.Width; lnNewWidth = lnWidth; decimal = lnTemp loBMP.Height lnRatio *; lnNewHeight = (int) lnTemp; ) else ( lnRatio = (decimal) lnHeight / loBMP.Height; lnNewHeight = lnHeight; decimal = lnTemp loBMP.Width lnRatio *; lnNewWidth = (int) lnTemp; ) bmpOut = new Bitmap (lnNewWidth, lnNewHeight); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage (bmpOut); g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; g.FillRectangle (Brushes.White, 0, 0, lnNewWidth, lnNewHeight); g.DrawImage (loBMP, 0, 0, lnNewWidth, lnNewHeight); loBMP.Dispose (); ) catch ( return null; ) bmpOut return; ) and this is the code that I insert in the codebehind: string filepath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + img_veterinario / "; string = filepathM AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + img_veterinario / img_veterinarioM; Reseize Reseize R = new (); Bitmap = photosFileOriginal r.ResizeImage (fucasiclinici.PostedFile.InputStream, 400, 400); Bitmap = photosFileMiniatura r.ResizeImage (fucasiclinici.PostedFile.InputStream, 72, 72); String filename = Path.GetFileName (fucasiclinici.PostedFile.FileName); photosFileOriginal.Save (Path.Combine (filepath, filename)); photosFileMiniatura.Save (Path.Combine (filepathM, filename)); Can you help me? Thanks

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• C segmentation fault before/during return statement

  - by wolfPack88

  I print the value that I'm returning right before my return statement, and tell my code to print the value that was returned right after the function call. However, I get a segmentation fault after my first print statement and before my second (also interesting to note, this always happens on the third time the function is called; never the first or the second, never fourth or later). I tried printing out all of the data that I'm working on to see if the rest of my code was doing something it maybe shouldn't, but my data up to that point looks fine. Here's the function: int findHydrogen(struct Amino* amino, int nPos, float* diff, int totRead) { struct Atom* atoms; int* bonds; int numBonds; int i; int retVal; int numAtoms; numAtoms = (*amino).numAtoms; atoms = (struct Atom *) malloc(sizeof(struct Atom) * numAtoms); atoms = (*amino).atoms; numBonds = atoms[nPos].numBonds; bonds = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int) * numBonds); bonds = atoms[nPos].bonds; for(i = 0; i < (*amino).numAtoms; i++) printf("ATOM\t\t%d %s\t0001\t%f\t%f\t%f\n", i + 1, atoms[i].type, atoms[i].x, atoms[i].y, atoms[i].z); for(i = 0; i < numBonds; i++) if(atoms[bonds[i] - totRead].type[0] == 'H') { diff[0] = atoms[bonds[i] - totRead].x - atoms[nPos].x; diff[1] = atoms[bonds[i] - totRead].y - atoms[nPos].y; diff[2] = atoms[bonds[i] - totRead].z - atoms[nPos].z; retVal = bonds[i] - totRead; bonds = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(bonds); atoms = (struct Atom *) malloc(sizeof(struct Atom)); free(atoms); printf("2 %d\n", retVal); return retVal; } } As I mentioned before, it works fine the first two times I run it, the third time it prints the correct value of retVal, then seg faults somewhere before it gets to where I called the function, which I do as: hPos = findHydrogen((&aminoAcid[i]), nPos, diff, totRead); printf("%d\n", hPos);

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• SetScrollPos: scroll bar moving, but control content not updating

  - by sniperX

  [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern int SetScrollPos(IntPtr hWnd, int nBar, int nPos, bool bRedraw); [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto)] public static extern int GetScrollPos(int hWnd, int nBar); So those are the externs im using to move the scroll position, what im doing, is i get the current position, and add or substract an exact amount of pixels, and the scroll bar on my form moves perfectly how i want it, but the content in the control stays stationary. What is the problem here?

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• Are WCF Services encrypted automatically if they go over SSL?

  - by michael

  Basically, if I have a plain WCF Service over HTTPS is it automatically secure? [ServiceContract] public interface ICalc { [OperationContract] int add(int a, int b); } public class Calculator : ICalc { public int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } } I figure the actual SOAP message isn't encrypted here, but is it still secure if I use https? Basically, if I use a basichttpbinding with no security settings in my config over https://www.myserver.com/services/Calc.svc is that secure?

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• Function Overloading

  - by Sanju

  Let us suppose i have these three methods defined: int F1(int, int); int F1(float, float); Float F1(int, int); and i am calling method F1 here: Console.writeline(F1(5,6).ToString())); Which method it will call and why?

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• C++ program crashes at runtime

  - by qwerty

  Hello, I have this simple c++ program #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <math.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <vector> using namespace std; int aleator(int n) { return (rand()%n)+1; } int main() { int r; int indexes[100]={0}; // const int size=100; //int a[size]; std::vector<int>v; srand(time(0)); for (int i=0;i<25;i++) { int index = aleator(100); if (indexes[index] != 0) { // try again i--; continue; } indexes[index] = 1; cout << v[index] ; } cout<<" "<<endl; system("pause"); return 0; } But at runtime it crashes, so i got that error with 'Send error report' and 'Don't send'. What i'm doing wrong? Thanks!

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• C# drawing and invalidating 2 lines to meet

  - by BlueMonster

  If i have 2 lines on a page as such: e.Graphics.DrawLine(blackPen, w, h, h, w); e.Graphics.DrawLine(blackPen, w2, h2, h2, w2); how would i animate the first line to reach the second line's position? I have the following method which calculates the distance between two points (i'm assuming i would use this?) public int Distance2D(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) { // ______________________ //d = &#8730; (x2-x1)^2 + (y2-y1)^2 // //Our end result int result = 0; //Take x2-x1, then square it double part1 = Math.Pow((x2 - x1), 2); //Take y2-y1, then sqaure it double part2 = Math.Pow((y2 - y1), 2); //Add both of the parts together double underRadical = part1 + part2; //Get the square root of the parts result = (int)Math.Sqrt(underRadical); //Return our result return result; } How would i re-draw the line (on a timer) to reach the second line's position? I've looked a lot into XAML (story-boarding) and such - but i want to know how to do this on my own. Any ideas? I know i would need a method which runs in a loop re-drawing the line after moving the position a tid bit. I would have to call Invalidate() in order to make the line appear as though it's moving... but how would i do this? how would i move that line slowly over to the other line? I'm pretty sure i'd have to use double buffering if i'm doing this as well... as such: SetStyle(ControlStyles.DoubleBuffer | ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.UserPaint, true); This doesn't quiet work, i'm not quiet sure how to fix it. Any ideas? protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { Distance2D(w, h, w2, h2); if (w2 != w && h2 != h) { e.Graphics.DrawLine(blackPen, (w * (int)frame), (h * (int)frame), (h * (int)frame), (w * (int)frame)); e.Graphics.DrawLine(blackPen, w2, h2, h2, w2); } else { t.Abort(); } base.OnPaint(e); } public void MoveLine() { for (int i = 0; i < 126; i++) { frame += .02; Invalidate(); Thread.Sleep(30); } } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(MoveLine)); t.Start(); }

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• A 4-byte Unsigned Int for Sql Server 2008?

  - by Jeff Meatball Yang

  I understand there are multiple questions about this on SO, but I have yet to find a definitive answer of "yes, here's how..." So here it is again: What are the possible ways to store an unsigned integer value (32-bit value or 32-bit bitmap) into a 4-byte field in SQL Server? Here are ideas I have seen: 1) Use a -1*2^31 offset for all values Disadvantages: need to perform math on the values before reading/writing/aggregating. 2) Use 4 tinyint fields Disadvantages: need to concatenate values to perform any operations 3) Use binary(4) Disadvantages: actually uses 4 + 2 bytes of space

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• please help me to find Bug in my Code (segmentation fault)

  - by Vikramaditya Battina

  i am tring to solve this http://www.spoj.com/problems/LEXISORT/ question it working fine in visual studio compiler and IDEone also but when i running in SPOJ compiler it is getting SEGSIGV error Here my code goes #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> char *getString(); void lexisort(char **str,int num); void countsort(char **str,int i,int num); int main() { int num_test; int num_strings; char **str; int i,j; scanf("%d",&num_test); for(i=0;i<num_test;i++) { scanf("%d",&num_strings); str=(char **)malloc(sizeof(char *)*num_strings); for(j=0;j<num_strings;j++) { str[j]=(char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*11); scanf("%s",str[j]); } lexisort(str,num_strings); for(j=0;j<num_strings;j++) { printf("%s\n",str[j]); free(str[j]); } free(str); } return 0; } void lexisort(char **str,int num) { int i; for(i=9;i>=0;i--) { countsort(str,i,num); } } void countsort(char **str,int i,int num) { int buff[52]={0,0},k,x; char **temp=(char **)malloc(sizeof(char *)*num); for(k=0;k<52;k++) { buff[k]=0; } for(k=0;k<num;k++) { if(str[k][i]>='A' && str[k][i]<='Z') { buff[(str[k][i]-'A')]++; } else { buff[26+(str[k][i]-'a')]++; } } for(k=1;k<52;k++) { buff[k]=buff[k]+buff[k-1]; } for(k=num-1;k>=0;k--) { if(str[k][i]>='A' && str[k][i]<='Z') { x=buff[(str[k][i]-'A')]; temp[x-1]=str[k]; buff[(str[k][i]-'A')]--; } else { x=buff[26+(str[k][i]-'a')]; temp[x-1]=str[k]; buff[26+(str[k][i]-'a')]--; } } for(k=0;k<num;k++) { str[k]=temp[k]; } free(temp); }

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• How can c let a function declaration with any parameter type ?

  - by kamil çakir

  I forgot to write void parameter but it works the i put void it gives error it lets this: print(int size,int table[size][size]){ int i,j; printf("-------TABLE-------\n"); for(i = 0;i it says"previos implicit declaration was here " (means the call in main) void print(int size,int table[size][size]){ int i,j; printf("-------TABLE-------\n"); for(i = 0;i

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• How can c let a function declaration with any parameter type ?

  - by kamil çakir

  it lets this function declaration print(int size,int table[size][size]){ int i,j; printf("-------TABLE-------\n"); for(i = 0;i gives error in this situation 44 C:\Users.. previous implicit declaration of 'print' was here (print(size,table); call in main) void print(int size,int table[size][size]){ int i,j; printf("-------TABLE-------\n"); for(i = 0;i

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• C programing fopen

  - by Pedro

  #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct aluno{ char cabecalho[60]; char info[100]; int n_alunos; char dados[100]; char curso[100]; int numero; char nome[100]; char e_mail[100]; int n_disciplinas; int nota; }ALUNO; void cabclh(ALUNO alunos[],int a){ FILE *fp; int i; for(i=0;i<100;i++){ fp=fopen("trabalho.txt","r"); } if(fp==NULL){ printf("Erro ao abrir o ficheiro\n"); } while(!feof(fp)){ fgets(alunos[i].cabecalho,100,fp); printf("%s\n",alunos[i].cabecalho); } } fclose(fp); } what is wrong here? main: int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ ALUNO alunos[100]; int aluno; int b; cabclh(aluno,b); system("PAUSE"); return 0

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