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• SSH login very slow on OS X Leopard

  - by acjohnson55

  My SSH sessions take a very long time to initiate. This applies for logins with and without passwords, interactive and non-interactive. I have tried setting 'GSSAPIAuthentication no' and 'IPQoS 0x00' on the client side, and 'UseDNS no' on the server side, but no dice. I'm really stumped and frustrated. The worst part is that it SFTP takes forever to establish connections too, making file transfer much longer than it would be otherwise. I thought the problem might be something with PAM, because of where the hang is in the sshd log below, so I tried commenting out each line one-by-one in the /etc/pam.d/sshd file. Some caused login to be impossible, some had no apparent effect. I can't really tell if PAM is stalling for other services, but I can say that su'ing into my account from another account with 'su -l' has no apparent delay. I tried creating a new user account, just to see if there was something wrong with my existing account, and the same problem persisted. Any ideas of what's going on? On the client side, the most verbose mode outputs (redacted where reasonable): OpenSSH_5.9p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8r 8 Feb 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data ... debug1: ... line 1: Applying options for ... debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for * debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 53: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to ... [x.x.x.x] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /.../.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /.../.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/.../.ssh/id_dsa" as a RSA1 public key debug1: identity file /.../.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: identity file /.../.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.2 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.2 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "..." from file "/.../.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /.../.ssh/known_hosts:9 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 136/256 debug2: bits set: 523/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA ... debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "..." from file "/.../.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /.../.ssh/known_hosts:9 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "x.x.x.x" from file "/.../.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /.../.ssh/known_hosts:9 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug1: Host '...' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /.../.ssh/known_hosts:9 debug2: bits set: 492/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /.../.ssh/id_dsa (0x7f8b7b41d6c0) debug2: key: /.../.ssh/id_rsa (0x0) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering DSA public key: /.../.ssh/id_dsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-dss blen 434 debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp ... debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey: DSA ... debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). Authenticated to ... ([x.x.x.x]:22). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0 debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. ****** Hangs here ****** debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1 debug1: Sending environment. debug3: Ignored env TERM_PROGRAM debug3: Ignored env SHELL debug3: Ignored env TERM debug3: Ignored env TMPDIR debug3: Ignored env Apple_PubSub_Socket_Render debug3: Ignored env TERM_PROGRAM_VERSION debug3: Ignored env TERM_SESSION_ID debug3: Ignored env USER debug3: Ignored env COMMAND_MODE debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK debug3: Ignored env Apple_Ubiquity_Message debug3: Ignored env __CF_USER_TEXT_ENCODING debug3: Ignored env PATH debug3: Ignored env MKL_NUM_THREADS debug3: Ignored env PWD debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug3: Ignored env HOME debug3: Ignored env SHLVL debug3: Ignored env DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH debug3: Ignored env PYTHONPATH debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME debug3: Ignored env DISPLAY debug3: Ignored env SECURITYSESSIONID debug3: Ignored env _ debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1 debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768 debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0 debug2: PTY allocation request accepted on channel 0 debug2: channel 0: rcvd adjust 2097152 debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0 debug2: shell request accepted on channel 0 On the server side, the debug output looks like: Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 3, 4 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: Connection from x.x.x.x port 52758 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Current Session ID is 56AC0FB0 / Session Attributes are 00008000 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Running in inetd mode in a non-root session... assuming inetd created the session for us. Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_5.9 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9 pat OpenSSH* Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Checking with Service ACLs for ssh login restrictions Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: call to mbr_user_name_to_uuid with <...> suceeded to retrieve user_uuid Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: Call to mbr_check_service_membership failed with status <0> Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: PAM: initializing for "..." Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "x.x.x.x" Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: Failed none for ... from x.x.x.x port 52758 ssh2 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 509/20 (e=0/0) Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: trying public key file /.../.ssh/authorized_keys Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 509/20 (e=0/0) Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: trying public key file /.../.ssh/authorized_keys2 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: fd 5 clearing O_NONBLOCK Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: matching key found: file /.../.ssh/authorized_keys2, line 1 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: Found matching DSA key: ... Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 509/20 (e=0/0) Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: trying public key file /.../.ssh/authorized_keys Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 509/20 (e=0/0) Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: trying public key file /.../.ssh/authorized_keys2 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: fd 5 clearing O_NONBLOCK Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: matching key found: file /.../.ssh/authorized_keys2, line 1 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: Found matching DSA key: ... Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: ssh_dss_verify: signature correct Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: do_pam_account: called Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: Accepted publickey for ... from x.x.x.x port 52758 ssh2 Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: monitor_child_preauth: ... has been authenticated by privileged process Sep 16 18:46:40 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: PAM: establishing credentials ***** Hangs here ***** Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31435]: User child is on pid 31654 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: PAM: establishing credentials Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: permanently_set_uid: 509/20 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: Entering interactive session for SSH2. Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_init_dispatch_20 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_input_channel_open: ctype session rchan 0 win 1048576 max 16384 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: input_session_request Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: channel 0: new [server-session] Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_new: session 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_open: channel 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_open: session 0: link with channel 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_input_channel_open: confirm session Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_input_global_request: rtype [email protected] want_reply 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request pty-req reply 1 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req pty-req Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: Allocating pty. Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31435]: debug1: session_new: session 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_pty_req: session 0 alloc /dev/ttys008 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request env reply 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req env Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request shell reply 1 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31654]: debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req shell Sep 16 18:46:54 ... sshd[31655]: debug1: Setting controlling tty using TIOCSCTTY.

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• Development on Windows 7; Web server on Linux - How to share Apache web root?

  - by TheKeys

  I've got a LAMP server that I want to use as a local web server. I've got a Windows 7 machine that I want to use as my development machine. The machines will be on the same LAN (or the Windows box will be VPNed into the LAN). My questions is, what is the best way of sharing the web root of the LAMP server so that I can edit the files on the remote Windows 7 machine and how do I go about configuring this on the Linux machine? (Fedora 16) I would like the solution to be as easy to use as possible with preferably no extra steps required to save/edit/upload files from my IDE on my Windows 7 machine. I'm thinking either a Samba or NFS share are the way to go but I'm concerned I'm going to run into issues with permissions and unix/windows file handling. Is one better than ther other for my use case or is there a better alternative solution? I'm currently using Windows 7 Professional which doesn't have NFS support but would upgrade to Ultimate which does have NFS support if it's the best solution.

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• Server 2008 NAT Internet Not Working

  - by Jack

  I'm trying to set up Routing and Remote Access on Windows Server 2008 R2, I have a network connection that I want to share the internet from to another private network. The server has two NICs which are configured as follows: External NIC (Dynamically assigned by ISP) IP:10.175.4.150 Subnet:255.255.192.0 Gateway:10.175.0.1 DNS:10.175.0.1 Internal NIC IP:172.16.254.1 Subnet:255.255.255.0 Gateway:None DNS:None I have set the external NIC to be the public interface and enabled NAT on it in the RRAS MMC and set the internal NIC to be a private interface. I have also set up the DNS forwarding or whatever it is in the NAT section. From a client (IP:172.16.254.2) I can ping the server and access files on it, when I try to browse the web with the default gateway set to the internal NIC ip I end up getting a 404 page which is returned from the ISPs default gateway. I'm guessing it's something to do with the double NAT possibly. Trying to ping the ISPs default gateway from a private network client just times out as does accessing it directly. I've disabled and reconfigured RRAS multiple times and that doesn't seem to have made a difference, so can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? Thanks.

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• How can I find the USB wireless adapter into the dmesg log file?

  - by AndreaNobili

  I am pretty new in Linux (RaspBian for RaspBerry Pi but I think that there are not difference) and I have to install an USB wireless network adapter (the product is the TP-Link TL-WN725N, this one: http://www.tp-link.it/products/details/?model=TL-WN725N ) Now, I think that this is not automatically recognized by my system because if I execute ifconfig command I obtain the following output: pi@raspberrypi ~ $ ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:2a:9f:b0 inet addr:192.168.1.8 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:475 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:424 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:34195 (33.3 KiB) TX bytes:89578 (87.4 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) So now it see only my ethernet network interface and not the wireless. So I was thinkig to try to see into the dmesg, but I don't know what have I to see and how to select it into the dmesg output. For example by the following command I can see the line of the dmesg log file relate to my ethernet port: pi@raspberrypi ~ $ cat /var/log/dmesg |grep -i eth [ 3.177620] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: register 'smsc95xx' at usb-bcm2708_usb-1.1, smsc95xx USB 2.0 Ethernet, b8:27:eb:2a:9f:b0 [ 18.030389] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: hardware isn't capable of remote wakeup [ 19.642167] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x45E1 But what can I try to search for the USB wireless adapter? Tnx

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• IIS 7.0 404 Custom Error Page and web.config

  - by Colin

  I am having trouble with a custom 404 error page. I have a domain running a .NET proj with it's own error handling. I have a web.config running for the domain which contains: <customErrors mode="RemoteOnly"> <error statusCode="500" redirect="/Error"/> <error statusCode="404" redirect="/404"/> </customErrors> On a sub dir of that domain I am ignoring all routes there by doing routes.IgnoreRoute("Assets/{*pathInfo}"); in the .NET proj and I want to put a custom 404 error page on that and any sub dir's of Assets. The sub dir contains static content like images, css, js etc etc. So in the Error Pages section of IIS I put a redirect to an absolute URL. The web.config for that dir looks like the following: <system.webServer> <httpErrors> <remove statusCode="404" subStatusCode="-1" /> <error statusCode="404" prefixLanguageFilePath="" path="http://mydomain.com/404" responseMode="Redirect" /> </httpErrors> </system.webServer> But I navigate to an unknown URL under that dir and yet I still see the default IIS 404 page. I am also seeing an alert in IIS that reads: You have configured detailed error messages to be returned for both local and remote requests. When this option is selected, custom error configuration is not used. Does this have anything to do with the customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" in the site web.config? I have tried to overwrite the customErrors in the sub dir web.config but nothing changes. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.

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• How do I get "Back to My Mac" (using MobileMe) from Windows?

  - by benzado

  I have a MobileMe subscription and a Mac at home with "Back to My Mac" enabled. When I'm away from home, this service lets me use another Mac to connect to my Mac back home and access file sharing, screen sharing, etc. As far as I know, the service doesn't use any proprietary protocols, so in theory I should also be able to get "Back to My Mac" from a Windows PC. This MacWorld article explains how it works. Basically, it uses Wide-Area Bonjour to give your Mac a domain name like hostname.username.members.mac.com. Remote computers can find your Mac using that address, then connect to it using a private VPN. The "Wide Area Bonjour" part seems to make it a little more complicated than simply a regular domain name, though. Note that I'm not interested in using the methods described by LifeHacker, which doesn't use the MobileMe service at all. I don't want to use a totally different dynamic DNS service. I'd like to use the one I'm already paying for, or at least find out why that's not possible from Windows. Also, my primary problem is finding a network route back to my mac... once I've got that I know how to enable services so that Windows can talk to it. UPDATE: Based on some additional research, it appears that Apple is only assigning IPv6 addresses to the hostname.username.members.mac.com names. So any solution will require enabling IPv6 support on Windows, if possible.

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• How to configure VirtualBox server for performance at home

  - by BluJai

  I currently have two physical Ubuntu Server 10.10 servers at home: one serves as our firewall/router/DHCP/VPN server and the other performs double-duty as a file server and a VirtualBox host for an Ubuntu Desktop 10.10 machine which I use from remote connections (via NoMachine) for many thin-client purposes which are irrelevant to my question. What I'd like to accomplish is to consolidate the two physical machines into one which is a dedicated VirtualBox host (most likely running Ubuntu Server 10.10). Note that I'd like to stick with VirtualBox (if possible) because I'm most comfortable with it and use it on a daily basis at both home and work. Specifically, I plan to have one VM set up as file server, another as the firewall/router/DHCP/VPN (or possibly split those a bit) and a third, which is the only current VM (already VirtualBox), which is the thin-client host. My question comes down to performance and/or recommendations about the file server VM. The file server hosts about 6 terabytes of data across 4 drives. What I'd like to do is use raw disk access from the VM directly to the existing disks. However, I'm curious what performance advantage/disadvantage that would have as compared to using shared folders from the VM host and basically just have the whole drive served as a shared folder to the VM which would then serve it to the other machines on the network. I don't know if virtual disks would even work in this scenario and I certainly wouldn't want a drive to be filled with just a single file which is 1.5 TB (disk image). To add understanding of context, but not to get additional advice, I want to virtualize these machines because I intend to regularly use the snapshot capabilities of VirtualBox for the system disks (which will be virtual drives) of the VMs and I have some physical space/power needs to address (as I mentioned, this is at home).

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• Invalid Parameter on node puppet

  - by chandank

  I am getting an error of err: Could not retrieve catalog from remote server: Error 400 on SERVER: Invalid parameter port at /etc/puppet/manifests/nodes/node.pp:652 on node test-puppet My puppet class: (The Line 652 at node.pp) node 'test-puppet' { class { 'syslog_ng': host => "newhost", ip => "192.168.1.10", port => "1999", logfile => "/var/log/test.log", } } On the module side class syslog_ng::config ( $host , $ip , $port, $logfile){ file {'/etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf': ensure => present, owner => 'root', group => 'root', content => template('syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf.erb'), notify => Service['syslog-ng'], require => Class['syslog_ng::install'], } file {"/etc/syslog-ng/conf/${host}.conf": ensure => present, owner => 'root', group => 'root', notify => Service['syslog-ng'], content => template("syslog-ng/${host}.conf.erb"), require => Class['syslog_ng::install'], } } I think I am doing it as per the puppet documentation.

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• rsyslog - template - regex data for insertion into db

  - by Mike Purcell

  I've been googling around the last few days looking for a solid example of how to regex a log entry for desired data, which is then to be inserted into a database, but apparently my google-fu is lacking. What I am trying to do is track when an email is sent, and then track the remote mta response, specifically the dsn code. At this point I have two templates setup for each situation: # /etc/rsyslog.conf ... $Template tpl_custom_header, "MPurcell: CUSTOM HEADER Template: %msg%\n" $Template tpl_response_dsn, "MPurcell: RESPONSE DSN Template: %msg%\n" # /etc/rsyslog.d/mail if $programname == 'mail-myapp' then /var/log/mail/myapp.log if ($programname == 'mail-myapp') and ($msg contains 'X-custom_header') then /var/log/mail/test.log;tpl_custom_header if ($programname == 'mail-myapp') and ($msg contains 'dsn=') then /var/log/mail/test.log;tpl_response_dsn & ~ Example log entries: MPurcell: CUSTOM HEADER Template: D921940A1A: prepend: header X-custom_header: 101 from localhost[127.0.0.1]; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<localhost>: headername: message-id MPurcell: RESPONSE DSN Template: D921940A1A: to=<[email protected]>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[2607:f8b0:400e:c02::1a]:25, delay=2, delays=0.12/0.01/0.82/1.1, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1372378600 o4si2828280pac.279 - gsmtp) From the CUSTOM HEADER Template I would like to extract: D921940A1A, and X-custom_header value; 101 From the RESPONSE DSN Template I would like to extract: D921940A1A, and "dsn=2.0.0"

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• Domain joined computer unable to access servers through VPN

  - by kscott

  Our servers are in a virtual off site hosting center, our office has a vpn connection to the data center, but for reasons I don't understand we also have to connect to the Citrix Access Gateway (CAG) client in order to access the servers. I am a programmer with rather limited ops knowledge including a weak grasp of networking and terminology. Bear with me. I was just given a new laptop, which is a 64 bit Windows 7 system unlike my previous 32 bit Windows XP desktop which was able to connect without issue. My laptop has been joined to the domain so that I login with my AD credentials, I am able to connect to the CAG and get authenticated, and after doing this I can ping our servers and they resolve to the correct internal IP addresses, but I am unable to use remote desktop to the servers, connect to SQL servers through my local SQL Management Studio, navigate to them through the file system, or view any of our internal intranet websites. All of which I was able to do previously. I have tried turning off my Windows firewall and the problem remains, the DNS servers are set to the correct IPs of our domain controllers, and the ops guys here are a little stumped. Does any one have any suggestions?

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• why is rdiff-backup not compatible with encfs ---reverse

  - by user330273

  I'm trying to use encfs with rdiff-backup to ensure that my backups to a remote server are encrypted. The easiest way to do this would be to use encfs --reverse - which means encfs will create a virtual encrypted file system, which I can then backup using rdiff-backup. Except that it doesn't work. Rdiff-backup fails every time with an "input/output error" on the encfs virtual filesystem. It seems I'm not the only one with this problem, but no one has said what the problem is: this person reported the same issue, but was just told to use sshfs instead (see below on that); in this question on serverfault, one of the answers just states that "rdiff-backup seems to have trouble accessing the EncFS-reverse filesystem." There's an open bug report on the Debian bug tracker(bug 731413, I can't post the link) on this bug, but it's been open since December 2013 with no response. Does anyone know what the problem actually is? Is there a workaround? I can't use the two most commonly suggested alternatives - sshfs and then running encfs on that, or using Duplicity - as both require a much higher bandwidth connection than I have access to (Duplicity requires regular full backups).

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• Understanding mail failure notices, 554

  - by goran

  I'd like to confirm the meaining of a mail failure notice. Here's the message Hi. This is the qmail-send program at mydomain.com I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. <[email protected]>: 1.2.3.4 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 554 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied Giving up on 1.2.3.4 The way I understand this is, that 1.2.3.4 is not setup to receive mail for this domain. dig domain.com MX shows ;; ANSWER SECTION: domain.com. 6245 IN MX 10 mail.domain.com. domain.com. 6245 IN MX 20 mx.anotherdomain.com. (1.2.3.4 is mx.anotherdomain.com.). The puzzling part is that I have reports that messages sent from gmail get delivered to this address. P.S. Is this a proper question for serverfault?

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• howto configure mod_proxy for apache2, jetty

  - by Kaustubh P

  Hello, This is how I have setup my environment, atm. An apache2 instance on port 80. Jetty instance on the same server, on port 8090. Use-Case: When I visit foo.com, I should see the webapp, which is hosted on jetty, port 8090. If I put foo.com/blog, I should see the wordpress blog, which is hosted on apache. (I read howtos on the web, and installed it using AMP.) Below are my various configuration files: /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/proxy.conf: ProxyPass / http://foo.com:8090/ << this is the jetty server ProxyPass /blog http://foo.com/blog ProxyRequests On ProxyVia On <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyStatus On /etc/apache2/httpd.conf: LoadModule proxy_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_http_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so I have not created any other files, in sites-available or sites-enabled. Current situation: If I goto foo.com, I see the webapp. If I goto foo.com/blog, I see a HTTP ERROR 404 Problem accessing /errors/404.html. Reason: NOT_FOUND powered by jetty:// If I comment out the first ProxyPass line, then on foo.com, I only see the homepage, without CSS applied, ie, only text.. .. and going to foo.com/blog gives me a this error: The proxy server received an invalid response from an upstream server. The proxy server could not handle the request GET /blog. Reason: Error reading from remote server I also cannot access /phpmyadmin, giving the same 404 NOT_FOUND error as above. I am running Debian squeeze on an Amazon EC2 Instance. Question: Where am I going wrong? What changes should I make in the proxy.conf (or another conf files) to be able to visit the blog?

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• Copying email with qmail and Plesk

  - by Greg

  I need to keep a copy of all outgoing and incoming email (for a single domain if possible) using qmail or Plesk. I can't recompile qmail, so qmailtap is out of the question, as is setting QUEUE_EXTRA in extra.h. I'm pretty sure it should be possible with Plesk's mailmng utility, aka Mail Handlers but I'm having trouble getting them to work. I've registered 2 hooks: incoming hook ./mailmng --add-handler --handler-name=incoming --recipient-domain=example.com --executable=/xxx/incoming.sh --context=/xxx/incoming/ --hook=before-local incoming.sh #!/bin/bash # The email is passed on stdin - grab it to a variable e=`cat -` # $1 = context (/xxx/incoming) # $3 = recipient ([email protected]) # Create /xxx/incoming/[email protected] mkdir -p $1$3 # Save the email to /xxx/incoming/[email protected]/0123456789.txt echo "$e" > $1$3/`date +%s%N`.txt # Echo PASS to stderr echo 'PASS' >&2 # Echo the email to stdout echo "$e" outgoing hook # ./mailmng --add-handler --handler-name=outgoing --sender-domain=holidaysplease.com --executable=/xxx/outgoing.sh --context=/xxx/outgoing/ --hook=before-remote The outgoing.sh file is the same as incoming.sh, except replace $3 (recipient) with $2 (sender). The incoming hook does work, but saves 2 copies of each email - one before and one after SpamAssassin has run. The outgoing hook doesn't seem to get called at all. So finally, my questions are: How can I make the incoming hook save only a single copy (preferably after SpamAssassin has run)? How can I get the outgoing hook to work?

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• Cannot resolve Hostname to IP, but IP to hostname works

  - by dotnetdev

  I have deployed a bunch of windows server VMs on a cloud hosting service. These machines are all joined to a domain controller on the same service, which also hosts DNS. All of the domain-joined machines have dynamic IP (along with the DC). If I try to resolve any of the hostnames remotely, it fails. For example, I am in SQL Server Reporting Services and I need to connect to a remote server. I provide the hostname of the desired target server and this fails, but then if I provide the IP, this works. How can I pass the hostname and have this resolve to IP? Is there anything I need to look for in the DNS server? It has records of the hostnames (in forward lookup I think), but reverse is empty. Isn't it the case that forward lookup resolves ip to hostname and reverse resolves hostname to ip? Also, I don't know what he subnet mask because this is not in my control, so the machines may not be in the same subnet - can this be a cause of the problem? Where is the problem? Thanks

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• Error 550 Mail Relay Message Could Not Be Sent

  - by mraliks

  I'm not sure if this is the right area to ask, but here we go. I have a client who has a couple websites on a Windows server with MailEnable as the mail manager. Any emails being sent from the server work great, except when sending to some domains, the message does not go through due to the following error: 12/13/11 01:15:56 ME-I0026: [86476200E5834227A819E6E63E0EFDA2.MAI] Sending message 12/13/11 01:15:57 ME-IXXXX: [86476200E5834227A819E6E63E0EFDA2.MAI] Remote server returned a response indicating a permanent error. Server Response: (550 Relaying not allowed**) 12/13/11 01:15:57 ME-E0036: [86476200E5834227A819E6E63E0EFDA2.MAI] MAIL FROM command Failed. Can anyone give me some leads on how to correct the settings to allow emails to go through properly? In particular, the emails are not going through to a Network Solutions email account and Network Solutions has not been very helpful thus far. In addition, can a domain's DNS settings affect this error? Currently, the domains are hosted by Network Solutions and use the Network Solutions email service to send/receive email. The server is located with a different company and the Domains' DNS points to it. Which mail related DNS entries are allowed or not allowed in this scenario? Thanks

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• Using git through cygwin on windows 8

  - by 9point6

  I've got a windows 8 dev preview (not sure if it's relevant, but I never had this hassle on w7) machine and I'm trying to clone a git repo from github. The problem is that my ~/.ssh/id_rsa has 440 permissions and it needs to be 400. I've tried chmodding it but the any changes on the user permissions gets reflected in the group permissions (i.e. chmod 600 results in 660, etc). This appears to be constant throughout any file in the whole filesystem. I've tried messing with the ACLs but to no avail (full control on my user and deny everyone resulted in 000) here's a few outputs to help: $ git clone [removed] Cloning into [removed]... @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Permissions 0660 for '/home/john/.ssh/id_rsa' are too open. It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others. This private key will be ignored. bad permissions: ignore key: /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa Permission denied (publickey). fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly $ ll ~/.ssh total 6 -r--r----- 1 john None 1675 Nov 30 19:15 id_rsa -rw-rw---- 1 john None 411 Nov 30 19:15 id_rsa.pub -rw-rw-r-- 1 john None 407 Nov 30 18:43 known_hosts $ chmod -v 400 ~/.ssh/id_rsa mode of `/home/john/.ssh/id_rsa' changed from 0440 (r--r-----) to 0400 (r--------) $ ll ~/.ssh total 6 -r--r----- 1 john None 1675 Nov 30 19:15 id_rsa -rw-rw---- 1 john None 411 Nov 30 19:15 id_rsa.pub -rw-rw-r-- 1 john None 407 Nov 30 18:43 known_hosts $ set | grep CYGWIN CYGWIN='sbmntsec ntsec server ntea' I realize I could use msysgit or something, but I'd prefer to be able to do everything from a single terminal Edit: Msysgit doesn't work either for the same reasons

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• Slow network file transfer (under 20KB/s) on newly built x64 Win7

  - by Mangoshake

  I am getting <20KB/s for local network file transfer. If I transfer a very small file (less than 100KB) it would start quickly then slow down to <20KB/s. all subsequently network file transfer would be slow, a reboot is needed to reset this. If I transfer a large file it would be stuck on calculating for a long time and then begin with <20KB/s immediately. This is a newly built desktop running Windows 7 x64 SP1. Realtek gigabit LAN from the motherboard (ASRock Extreme3 gen3). Problematic speed is observed on the private LAN, both through ethernet and WiFi. The Router is D-Link DIR-655. Remote Differential Compression is off. Drivers are up-to-date from ASRock's website. I have tested network file transfer to and from another Windows 7 laptop and a MacBook Pro, so I am fairly certain it is the desktop's problem. The slow speed only happens with one direction also, outbound from the desktop, regardless of whether I initiate the file transfer action from the origin or the destination. Inbound network file transfer and internet speeds are fine, so I don't think this is a hardware issue. I am getting 74.8MB/s internet upload speed from speedtest.net (http://www.speedtest.net/result/1852752479.png). Inbound network file transfer I can get around 10-15MB/s. I am hoping this community has some insight for me to troubleshoot this. I don't see anything obviously related from the Event Viewer, and beyond that I just don't know where else to look. Any suggestions are greatly appreciated, thank you in advance.

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• Map FTP folder to folder on different FTP server

  - by jolt

  In my team we work a lot with FTP. We upload and download files from several different servers daily. Currently every member of the team manages access credentials to each FTP server locally on their own machine. I am looking for a way to set up a central FTP server that we can connect to, and from there, navigate to folders that each represent one of the other FTP servers that we connect to daily. Something like this: In-house central FTP server: |- FolderA --> server A root folder |- FolderB --> server B root folder |- FolderC --> server C root folder A setup like this, would mean that we can manage access credentials on the central FTP server, and team members would only need to have the access credentials to the central FTP server, and from there they could navigate to the other servers through these "virtual" folders. We could potentially develop our own custom FTP server that just forward requests to the remote FTP servers, but i feel like something like this (or something similar) would already have been done. So I'm looking for pointers that could help us find software for Windows that could help us to simplify our current setup. Thank you! Similar (unanswered) question here: FTP management server

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• Rsyslogd not listening on port

  - by amorfis

  I installed rsyslogd on ubuntu server, started it and everything looks fine, but the port the server should listen on is not opened. ubuntu@node7:~$ sudo service rsyslog restart rsyslog stop/waiting rsyslog start/running, process 14114 Netstat shows it is not listening: ubuntu@node7:~$ netstat -tlan Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 320 172.22.0.17:22 10.8.8.38:61335 ESTABLISHED tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::2776 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::2777 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 172.22.0.17:2777 172.22.0.11:56554 ESTABLISHED tcp6 0 0 172.22.0.17:2776 172.22.0.11:39780 ESTABLISHED This is how /etc/rsyslog.conf looks like (most comments omitted): ubuntu@node7:~$ cat /etc/rsyslog.conf ################# #### MODULES #### ################# $ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging $ModLoad imklog # provides kernel logging support (previously done by rklogd) $ModLoad imtcp $InputTCPServerRun 514 ########################### #### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES #### ########################### $ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat $RepeatedMsgReduction on $WorkDirectory /var/spool/rsyslog $FileOwner syslog $FileGroup adm $FileCreateMode 0640 $DirCreateMode 0755 $Umask 0022 $PrivDropToUser syslog $PrivDropToGroup adm $IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf In /etc/rsyslog.d/35-server-per-host.conf I have following lines, and I suspect this can be the cause. What does it mean? # Stop processing of all non-local messages. You can process remote messages # on levels less than 35. :fromhost-ip,!isequal,"127.0.0.1" ~ and if it is, how could I change it to have server listening and receiving and logging messages? UPDATE: I commented out suspected line, but still it's not listening on port 514

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• VNC authentication failure

  - by cf16

  I try to connect to my vncserver running on CentOs from home computer, behind firewall. I have installed Win7 and Ubuntu both on this machine. I have an error: VNC conenction failed: vncserver too many security failures even when loging with right credentials (I reset passwd on CentOs) I get: authentication failure. I observe that I have to wait a whole day to be able to relogin at all. Is it something regarding that I try as root? I think important is also that I have to login to remote Centos through port 6050 - none else port works for me. Do I have to do something with other ports? I see that vncserver is listening on 5901, 5902 if another added - and I consider connection is established because from time to time (long time) the passwd prompt appears,... right? I have created additional user1, password for him to CentOS and to VNC, also user2. I do: service vncserver start and two servers starts, one :1, and second on :2. When I try to connect to vncserverIP:1 I get what described above, but when I try connect to vncserverIP:2 it says that the trial was unsuccessful. please help, what to do? additionally: how to disable this lockout for a testing purposes?

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• Virtual Wifi Issue Windows 7

  - by Matt

  Lately I've been trying to use my laptop as a wireless router in my room. I have it connected to my school's network through ethernet, and I want to set up wireless so that I can use Wifi on my Android phone and iPod Touch. In the past, I used Connectify, but I started having an issue where my phone would find the network, connect, attempt to get the IP, and then suddenly the network would disappear. Then it'd pop up again, and the same process would happen over and over. I decided that I'd totally uninstall Connectify, but after that, neither Virtual Router Manager nor the command prompt could create a viable network either. My phone and even my iPod now encounter the same problem. Neither can successfully connect. So evidently there is something wrong with the laptop's virtual wifi feature, and I have no idea what that could be. I've tried enabling certain services that virtual wifi supposedly relies on, but some of them don't start, namely Remote Access Connection Manager. But I also have read that these enable on their own and that if they are normally not enabled it's fine. Furthermore, I even uninstalled and reinstalled the drivers for my wireless card. Any ideas as to why my virtual wifi won't function? Anything? I really would love to get this working...

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• Listing group members using ldapsearch

  - by colemanm

  Our corporate LDAP directory is housed on a Snow Leopard Server Open Directory setup. I'm trying to use the ldapsearch tool to export an .ldif file to import into another external LDAP server to authenticate with externally; basically trying to be able to use the same credentials internally and externally. I've got ldapsearch working and giving me the contents and attributes of everything in the "Users" OU, and even filtering down to only the attributes I need: ldapsearch -xLLL -H ldap://server.domain.net / -b "cn=users,dc=server,dc=domain,dc=net" objectClass / uid uidNumber cn userPassword > directorycontents.ldif That gives me a list of users and properties that I can import to my remote OpenLDAP server. dn: uid=username1,cn=users,dc=server,dc=domain,dc=net objectClass: inetOrgPerson objectClass: posixAccount objectClass: organizationalPerson uidNumber: 1000 uid: username1 userPassword:: (hashedpassword) cn: username1 However, when I try the same query on an OD "group" instead of a "container," the results are something like this: dn: cn=groupname,cn=groups,dc=server,dc=domain,dc=net objectClass: posixGroup objectClass: apple-group objectClass: extensibleObject objectClass: top gidNumber: 1032 cn: groupname memberUid: username1 memberUid: username2 memberUid: username3 What I really want is a list of users from the top example filtered based on their group memberships, but it looks like membership is set from the Group side, rather than the user account side. There must be a way to filter this down and only export what I need, right?

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• hardlinking takes a lot of space

  - by mr_schlomo

  I made an rsync incremental backup script for my server that will copy a MySQL database backup and a specified folder path to a remote server. Here's the code on Github. Code excerpt from lines 53-57: ############### Create most current hand link echo "Creating most current hard link on backup server $most_recent_backup_link" ssh $remote_backup_server rm -rf ${most_recent_backup_link} ssh $remote_backup_server cp -alv ${remote_backup_folder}/backup-${backup_folder_name}/ ${most_recent_backup_link} I'm having a problem with creating the most current hard links on the backup server (lines 53-57 in the program). Everything works, and rsync only copies about 1-2MB of data. But the hard link copy process uses about 30MB of data. I get a huge laundry list of files that haven't changed and the only ones that have changed are very small in size. Normally this isn't a problem, but when you backup every hour, the backup should be as small as possible. For example, the last backup I did, rsync transferred 1.3MB. But the backup directory grew 35MB. Why are the hard links taking up so much hard drive space?

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• Dedicated server automatic backup solution

  - by Luigi

  I have a dedicated Ubuntu web server in a cloud environment, and I am looking for a nice way to do automated backups. I would like to backup some directories with web apps, and all my MySql databases. As for destination: make snapshots every two hours localy, and every six hours to a remote ftp server. Also delete backup archives older than seven days(localy + ftp), and notify on any problems by email. Now to achieve some of this functionality I use cron + shell script, and http://www.mysqldumper.net/, but really that doesn't answer my needs. Mysqldumper doesn't know automaticly about new databases, and shell script does not notify on problems. It's something I have to check out from time to time, and i don't have trust for. I googled a while, and seems like most people solve this stuff with shell scripts. Is this a method you can trust? Are there any web-gui tools, I'm missing? Maybe there is a smarter startegy for doing this? I'm a little bit confused.

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