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• Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB | Mysql Ubuntu

  - by Kayle

  I recently upgraded from the previous LTS Ubuntu to Precise and now mysql refuses to start. It complains of the following when I attempt to start it: ?$ sudo service mysql restart stop: Unknown instance: start: Job failed to start And this shows in "/var/log/mysql/error.log": 120415 23:01:09 [Note] Plugin 'InnoDB' is disabled. 120415 23:01:09 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 120415 23:01:09 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB 120415 23:01:09 [ERROR] Aborting 120415 23:01:09 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete I've checked permissions on all the mysql directories to make sure it had ownership and I also renamed the previou ib_logs so that it could remake them. I'm just getting no where with this issue right now, after looking at google results for 2 hours.

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• How to determine if a file has been backed up?

  - by Console

  I try to consolidate old drives to new ones of larger capacity. Sometimes files have been renamed, but are otherwise identical. Sometimes an old directory has just a few more files in it than a newer directory with the same name. Sometimes a file has the same name but the size differs. So I often find myself asking the question: Are there any files on this old drive or directory that I haven't already copied to the new drive? I just want to know that I have the files, I don't want to try and sync stuff automatically (Syncing tools tend to just sync, creating duplicate folder structures and other problems, so I prefer to do it by hand). Basically, if an old drive has a file called "foo.bar" ten directories deep, and my new big drive has an identical file called "oldstuff.zip" in the root, I just want a "yes you have it" or "no, unique files exist". Is there a free tool, a script or a quick and easy method (Mac/Unix or Windows) to get the answer?

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• Optimal dir strcuture for keeping millions of files on an ext4 system

  - by Alex Flo

  I need to keep millions of files on an ext4 system. I understand that having a structure with multiple subdirectories is the general accepted solution. I wonder what would be the optimal approach in terms of number of dirs/subdirs. For example I tried a structure like 16/16/16/16 (that is, (sub)directories from 1 to 16) and I found that I am able to move 100K files to this structure in 2m50s. When trying to move 100K files to a 8/8/8/8/8/8 structure it took 11 minutes. So the 16/16/16/16 approach seems to be better but I was wondering if anyone has some empirical experience with an even better dir/subdir distribution.

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• Add entire 300 GB filesystem to Git Annex repository?

  - by Ryan Lester

  By default, I get an error that I have too many open files from the process. If I lift the limit manually, I get an error that I'm out of memory. For whatever reason, it seems that Git Annex in its current state is not optimised for this sort of task (adding thousands of files to a repository at once). As a possible solution, my next thought was to do something like: cd / find . -type d | git annex add --$NONRECURSIVELY find . -type f | git annex add # Need to add parent directories of each file first or adding files fails The problem with this solution is that there doesn't seem from the documentation to be a way to non-recursively add a directory in Git Annex. Is there something I'm missing or a workaround for this? If my proposed solution is a dead end, are there other ways that people have solved this problem?

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• I need a few minutes of dedicated server a week, but not for hosting, just to convert ogg etc

  - by talkingnews

  I'm completely happy with my webhosting, it's just that I need to do one little thing they won't allow, and that's run an instance of Sox to convert about 30 mp3s to ogg files, in various directories, a couple of times a week, to be done automatically in response to the detection of the upload of an mp3. Probably looking at a minute of server time over the whole week. I've had unhelpful suggestions on other forums like "why not leave your home PC on 24 hours a day and then use all your isp bandwidth to do this", which doesn't work for me. I know that I can host files on, say, Amazon S3, but is there something similar for my needs? All it would need to do would be: wget/ftp the mp3 files, convert them to ogg, ftp the files back to my hosting. Of course, all this wouldn't be needed if there was such a thing as a compiled binary of Sox (or any mp3ogg converter) for Centos which I could upload without needing root access, but I've given up asking that one, but always open to suggestions!

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• how to remotely open an URL in Firefox in a specific profile?

  - by miernik

  I have several instances of Firefox with several different profiles running. Among them profiles with the names "software" and "test". I am trying to open an URL from a bash script to have it open in profile "test", like this: firefox -P "test" http://www.example.org/ However that opens it in profile "software" anyway. Any ideas? Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.1.8) Gecko/20100308 Iceweasel/3.5.8 (like Firefox/3.5.8) No, it is not a permissions problem, all my profile directories are perfectly under my permissions: root@przehyba:~/.mozilla# ls -ld firefox/ drwx------ 13 miernik miernik 4096 Mar 11 09:15 firefox/ root@przehyba:~/.mozilla# ls -ld firefox/* drwxr-xr-x 9 miernik miernik 4096 Mar 12 11:29 firefox/info -rw-r--r-- 1 miernik miernik 560 Mar 11 09:15 firefox/profiles.ini drwxr-xr-x 10 miernik miernik 4096 Mar 16 11:51 firefox/software drwxr-xr-x 9 miernik miernik 4096 Mar 11 09:14 firefox/tech drwxr-xr-x 11 miernik miernik 4096 Mar 15 22:48 firefox/test root@przehyba:~/.mozilla#

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• How do I change the .bash_history file location?

  - by Brian Graham

  I'm running CentOS 6.x and want to move the .bash_history to a different location. The home directories of my users are (because I run a VPS) in /var/www/vhost/<domain>.<tld> which is FTP accessible (and it should be). Because of this, I have changed the AuthorizedKeysFile for SSH connections out of the normal ~/.ssh/authorized_keys since FTP connections would easily be able to locate them. At the same time I want to move the .bash_history file to /home/%u/.bash_history where %u is the current user.

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• Slideshow screensaver in Win-7 vs. XP

  - by daveh551

  Since I skipped Vista, this may be an old question, I don't know. In XP, the built-in SlideShow (Photos) screensaver would randomly rotate among images not just in the directory specified in the settings, but also in any sub-directories (and on down) of that directory. When I use the Photos screensaver in Win-7, it seems to use only images in the directory I specify, ignoring the rest of the tree below that. Is there a way to get the XP behavior? Alternatively, is there some other public domain/open source Screen Saver with that or similar behavior that I can install?

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• Apache: Use Specific Applicaion for CGI scripts

  - by RandomInsano

  I have two servers, one in production and one for development. The production server is Solaris, dev is FreeBSD. Because of this, python is installed in different directories. I'm using Python right now for making CGI scripts, and needing to remember to swap my hashbangs when I copy from dev to production is a little annoying (Same issue for SVN updates depending on which server I'm comitting from). Is there a way to configure apache so that I no longer need to hashbangs? Like, if it would lauch python and supply the CGI script for it? Might be a bit of a stretch, but no harm in asking

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• change default userid for connecting to local AFP share?

  - by Stew

  I've got Netatalk & Avahi running on a local Ubuntu server--I use two different userids, "afp" for Time Machine and "stew" to access my media files etc. In order to mount a shared directory on my server, I have to click "Connect As..." and enter my userid/password every time, because it always tries to log in using Time Machine's userid. I'm not sure if this is because that userid is set as default, or just because it's the last userid that logged in to that server--either way: Is there a way to change the default userid for connecting to a given server? Mega extra credit: I'd love to have this automated, such that my userid, "stew", is always logged in (and heck, it'd be great to have the directories always mounted, too!) whenever the server is available. Thanks!

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• ACL mess after rsync on Windows 2008

  - by jdehaan

  The permissions in the ACL are not in the right order on some files and directories after having used rsync to synchronize directory trees. The stuff works well as it is on Windows 2003. Can someone explain this in detail. What exactly changed regarding ACLs from Windows 2003 to 2008? We fixed the rights with icalcs afterwards. But this thing seems a bit weird. Maybe 2008 has some restrictions or more checks 2003 did not have.

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• How to disable shared folders passowrd prompt on window & Linux

  - by user53864

  I'm using windows xp, vista, server 2008 R2, ubuntu-linux 9.10, 9.04, 8.10 desktop editions. I shared some folders/directories in windows and in ubuntu machines. Normally for the first time it's prompted for the password when tried to access the shared folders on either of the machine and again they prompt for the password when the system is rebooted. Recently I've created a batch and sh script which copies from the shared folders from windows to ubuntu and vice-versa. But the scripts cannot automate the password prompt and I'm wondering if I could disable the password prompt of the shared folders on windows and as well as on ubuntu machines so that my script runs smoothly. I don't know if it's possible or not but want to confirm posting here and if it is then nothing but saying need help...!. Thanks all!

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• JFFS2 poor mount performance

  - by Marcin Polkowski

  I run multiple ARM boards with Debian Linux installed. Board is equipped with 512 MB of NAND memory. I've observed that after ~3 months of continuous run booting time increased significantly - it takes over 3 minutes to mount filesystem (JFFS2). System was using about 35% of available storage so I’ve removed unnecessary files (got to ~18%) but this didn't change anything. Then I realized that my software produces directories that are left empty so I’ve removed ~500 empty and unnecessary dirs. This didn’t help either. After system is started I see JFFS2 garbage collector (jffs2_gcd_mtd4) running and occupying over 90% of CPU. Now my question: is there a way to „optimize” JFFS2 filesystem for better performance - faster booting (my system have limited timid to boot up)? It would be great if this optimization could be done remotely - I have no physical access to boards.

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• rsync : Read input from a file and sync accordingly

  - by Dheeraj

  I have a text file which contains the list of files and directories that I want to copy (one on a line). Now I want rsync to take this input from my text file and sync it to the destination that I provide. I've tried playing around with "--include-from=FILE" and "--file-from=FILE" options of rsync but is is just not working I also tried pre-fixing "+" on each line in my file but still it is not working. I have tried coming with various filter PATTERNs as outlined in the rsync man page but it is not working. Could someone provide me correct syntax for this use case. I've tried above things on Fedora 15, RHEL 6.2 and Ubuntu 10.04 and none worked. So i am definitely missing something. Many thanks.

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• Need help with an .htaccess URL rewriter

  - by AlexV

  I'm trying to do another SEO system with PHP/.htaccess... I need the following rules to apply: Must catch all URLs that do not end with an extension (www.foo.com -- catch | www.foo.com/catch-me -- catch | www.foo.com/dont-catch.me -- don't catch). Must catch all URLs that end with .php* (.php, .php4...) (thwaw are the exceptions to rule #1). All rules must only apply in some directories and not in their subdirectories (/ and /framework so far). The htaccess must send the typed URL in a GET value so I can work with it in PHP. Any mod-rewrite wizard can help me?

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• How to set up virtual users in vsftpd?

  - by ares94

  I've read this tutorial: http://howto.gumph.org/content/setup-virtual-users-and-directories-in-vsftpd/ My configuration is as follow: ---vsftpd.conf--- listen=YES anonymous_enable=NO local_enable=YES virtual_use_local_privs=YES write_enable=YES connect_from_port_20=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd guest_enable=YES user_sub_token=$USER local_root=/var/www/sites/$USER chroot_local_user=YES hide_ids=YES ---/etc/pam.d/vsftpd--- auth required pam_pwdfile.so pwdfile /etc/vsftpd/passwd account required pam_permit.so I created file /etc/vsftpd/passwd and added users using htaccess. I tried to login but it didn't work: ftp 127.0.0.1 Connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1). 220 vsFTPd 2.3.5+ (ext.1) ready... Name (127.0.0.1:root): user1 331 Please specify the password. Password: 530 Permission denied. Login failed. Everything seems fine accept the permission denied thing. How can I fix this?

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• Zsh, directory tab-completion with prefix

  - by nifty

  I have a directory where I put all my projects in, let's say it's ~/projects as an example. I've made a command called s which takes one argument, and moves me into that directory. E.g.: s foo moves me to ~/projects/foo. What I'd like is to have a completion command of some sorts, which would act like cd so I could do keep hitting tab to go further into the ~/projects/... directories. Basically, cd with a prefix which is always present. I've looked into zstyle completion in man zshcompsys, but realized I just don't know enough about it to understand it properly.

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• Cannot reformat flash drive

  - by user933531

  I have tried to reformat on Ubuntu using gparted, in Windows using their tool, and OSX using Disk Utility. I have also attempted by using the terminal but also failed there. When I verify disk using Disk Utility, I get the following output: Verifying volume “REDSTRIPE” ** /dev/disk2s1 ** Phase 1 - Preparing FAT ** Phase 2 - Checking Directories ** Phase 3 - Checking for Orphan Clusters 168 files, 4507316 KiB free (1126829 clusters) MARK FILE SYSTEM CLEAN? no ***** FILE SYSTEM IS LEFT MARKED AS DIRTY ***** Error: This disk needs to be repaired. Click Repair Disk. But I am unable to repair disk. See OSX examples below:

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• What is the best filesystem for storing thousands of files in one dictionary-like id-blob structure?

  - by Ivan

  What filesystem best suits my needs? Thousands or even millions of files in one directory. Good (ext4 & ntfs level or close) reliability (incl. fault tolerance) and access speed. No directories actually needed, as well as descriptive names, just a dictionary-like structure of id-blob pairs is all I need. No links, attributes, and access control features needed. The purpose is a file storage where all the metadata (data describing all the facts about what the file actually contains and who can access it) is stored in a MySQL database. As far as I know common filesystems like NTFS and ext3/4 can go dead-slow if there are too many files placed in one directory - that's why I ask.

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• Setting per-directory umask using ACLs

  - by Yarin

  We want to mimic the behavior of a system-wide 002 umask on a certain directory foo, in order to ensure the following result: All sub-directories created underneath foo will have 775 permissions All files created underneath foo and subdirectories will have 664 permissions 1 and 2 will happen for files/dirs created by all users, including root, and all daemons. Assuming that ACL is enabled on our partition, this is the command we've come up with: setfacl -R -d -m mask:002 foo This seems to be working- I'm basically just looking for confirmation. Is this the most effective way to apply a per-directory umask with an ACL?

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• CDPATH in windows command prompt?

  - by barlop

  The accepted answer of this question Fast Ways of Cd'ing on *nix? mentions bash having CDPATH is there an equivalent in windows? so from any directory e.g. c:\windows I could do c:\windowscd compbar* and it'd take me to m:\a\b\c\d\e\compbar what if there are many compbar directories? well, the CDPATH solution is one solution, I suppose you order them it'd search through the CDPATH environment variable and choose the first. I'd like that for windows.

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• Smart backup software

  - by gisek

  I use a laptop on daily basis. As I have a lot of important data there it would be nice to do backups of some directories every day. Can you recommend a specific application that would take care of it? Maybe there is an app that would instantly commit changes I make in a directory on my laptop to the backup folder? The important thing is that I have some big files (a few GB's) that have some minor changes very often. I'm talking about VirtualBox disk images. It would be nice if the software could handle it smartly. Also notice that I'd like to store it on an external usb HDD, which sometimes isn't plugged in.

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• Creating disk snapshots in Windows 7

  - by Puneet Arora

  Does anyone know of a command or tool to create disk snapshots on Windows 7 (client SKU)? I see vssadmin.exe has a "create shadow" option, but that's available only on server SKUs: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc788055(v=ws.10).aspx I've a backup tool that replicates changes (creations, modifications and deletions to files and directories) since last backup, to my backup volume. Before each time this happens I want to create a persistent snapshot on my backup volume. I could then mount previous snapshots to view previous backups achieving a behavior similar to that of TimeMachine in OS X. This question has been asked before but unfortunately there weren't any good answers: Taking snapshots of filesystem/volume in Windows 7?

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• Using rsync to synchronise folders without overwriting files of same name on Mac OS X

  - by Adam

  I would like to synchronise the contents of two directories. Without overwriting but to create a copy if two files have the same name, but different sizes Without duplicating if two files have the same name and size. To work recursively So far I have found the following command which might work $ rsync -varE --progress ~/folder /volumes/server/folder But I'm not entirely sure what the -E flag does. It was suggested by a user on bananica.com but couldn't see a description for it in the manual. Would this do what I require successfully? Thanks

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• What does the 'X' in .aspx, docx, xlsx, etc... represent?

  - by Serapth

  It's one of those things you just take for granted until one day someone asks you and you realize you can't answer it. Much like for years I never questioned the use of 1033 directories in Microsoft products for years until one day, someone asked me about it. Around the release of .NET and Office 2007, Microsoft added an x to basically all of their extensions and I frankly took it as representing XML, but that simply doesn't make sense with .aspx. So, I realize this is a very non technical question, but now that the question has been asked of me and my googling hasn't given me an answer, can anyone tell me with authority what the X represents? Is it extended? Xml? Or is there no meaning behind it?

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