graphics design - Page 725

(mySQL) Unable to query 2 tables properly for data

- by Devner

I have 2 tables. One is 'page_links' and the other is 'rpp'. Table page_links is the superset of table rpp. The following is the schema of my tables: -- Table structure for table `page_links` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `page_links` ( `page` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `page_link` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `heading_id` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`page`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -- Dumping data for table `page_links` -- INSERT INTO `page_links` (`page`, `page_link`, `heading_id`) VALUES ('a1.php', 'A1', 8), ('b1.php', 'B1', 8), ('c1.php', 'C1', 5), ('d1.php', 'D1', 5), ('e1.php', 'E1', 8), ('f1.php', 'F1', 8), ('g1.php', 'G1', 8), ('h1.php', 'H1', 1), ('i1.php', 'I1', 1), ('j1.php', 'J1', 8), ('k1.php', 'K1', 8), ('l1.php', 'L1', 8), ('m1.php', 'M1', 8), ('n1.php', 'N1', 8), ('o1.php', 'O1', 8), ('p1.php', 'P1', 4), ('q1.php', 'Q1', 5), ('r1.php', 'R1', 4); -- Table structure for table `rpp` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `rpp` ( `role_id` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL, `page` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `is_allowed` tinyint(1) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`page`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -- Dumping data for table `rpp` -- INSERT INTO `rpp` (`role_id`, `page`, `is_allowed`) VALUES (3, 'a1.php', 1), (3, 'b1.php', 1), (3, 'c1.php', 1), (3, 'd1.php', 1), (3, 'e1.php', 1), (3, 'f1.php', 1), (3, 'h1.php', 1), (3, 'i1.php', 1), (3, 'l1.php', 1), (3, 'm1.php', 1), (3, 'n1.php', 1), (4, 'a1.php', 1), (4, 'b1.php', 1), (4, 'q1.php', 1), (5, 'r1.php', 1); WHAT I AM TRYING TO DO: I am trying to query both the above tables (in a single query) in such a way that all the pages from page_links are displayed along with the is_allowed value from rpp for a particular role. For example, I want to get the is_allowed value of all the pages from rpp for role_id = 3 and at the same time, list all the available pages from page_links. A clear example of my expected result would be: page is_allowed role_id ---------------------------------------- a1.php 1 3 b1.php 1 3 c1.php 1 3 d1.php 1 3 e1.php 1 3 f1.php 1 3 g1.php NULL NULL h1.php 1 3 i1.php 1 3 j1.php NULL NULL k1.php NULL NULL l1.php 1 3 m1.php 1 3 n1.php 1 3 o1.php NULL NULL p1.php NULL NULL q1.php NULL NULL r1.php NULL NULL One more example of my desired result could be achieved by doing a LEFT JOIN rpp ON page_links.page = rpp.page but we need to omit using role_id = 3 (or any value) to be able to get that. But I do want to specify the role_id as well and get the results. I need the query to be able to get this result. I would appreciate any replies that could help me with this. If you can suggest me any changes as well to the table(s) design to be able to achieve the desired result, that's good as well. Thanks in advance.

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Problems with createImage(int width, int height)

- by Jonathan

I have the following code, which is run every 10ms as part of a game: private void gameRender() { if(dbImage == null) { //createImage() returns null if GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless() //returns true. (java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment) dbImage = createImage(PWIDTH, PHEIGHT); if(dbImage == null) { System.out.println("dbImage is null"); //Error recieved return; } else dbg = dbImage.getGraphics(); } //clear the background dbg.setColor(Color.white); dbg.fillRect(0, 0, PWIDTH, PHEIGHT); //draw game elements... if(gameOver) { gameOverMessage(dbg); } } The problem is that it enters the if statement which checks for the Image being null, even after I attempt to define the image. I looked around, and it seems that createImage() will return null if GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless() returns true. I don't understand exactly what the isHeadless() method's purpose is, but I thought it might have something to do with the compiler or IDE, so I tried on two, both of which get the same error (Eclipse, and BlueJ). Anyone have any idea what the source of the error is, and how I might fix it? Thanks in advance Jonathan ................................................................... EDIT: I am using java.awt.Component.createImage(int width, int height). The purpose of this method is to ensure the creation of, and edit an Image that will contain the view of the player of the game, that will later be drawn to the screen by means of a JPanel. Here is some more code if this helps at all: public class Sim2D extends JPanel implements Runnable { private static final int PWIDTH = 500; private static final int PHEIGHT = 400; private volatile boolean running = true; private volatile boolean gameOver = false; private Thread animator; //gameRender() private Graphics dbg; private Image dbImage = null; public Sim2D() { setBackground(Color.white); setPreferredSize(new Dimension(PWIDTH, PHEIGHT)); setFocusable(true); requestFocus(); //Sim2D now recieves key events readyForTermination(); addMouseListener( new MouseAdapter() { public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { testPress(e.getX(), e.getY()); } }); } //end of constructor private void testPress(int x, int y) { if(!gameOver) { gameOver = true; //end game at mousepress } } //end of testPress() private void readyForTermination() { addKeyListener( new KeyAdapter() { public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); if((keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) || (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_Q) || (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_END) || ((keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_C) && e.isControlDown()) ) { running = false; //end process on above list of keypresses } } }); } //end of readyForTermination() public void addNotify() { super.addNotify(); //creates the peer startGame(); //start the thread } //end of addNotify() public void startGame() { if(animator == null || !running) { animator = new Thread(this); animator.start(); } } //end of startGame() //run method for world public void run() { while(running) { long beforeTime, timeDiff, sleepTime; beforeTime = System.nanoTime(); gameUpdate(); //updates objects in game (step event in game) gameRender(); //renders image paintScreen(); //paints rendered image to screen timeDiff = (System.nanoTime() - beforeTime) / 1000000; sleepTime = 10 - timeDiff; if(sleepTime <= 0) //if took longer than 10ms { sleepTime = 5; //sleep a bit anyways } try{ Thread.sleep(sleepTime); //sleep by allotted time (attempts to keep this loop to about 10ms) } catch(InterruptedException ex){} beforeTime = System.nanoTime(); } System.exit(0); } //end of run() private void gameRender() { if(dbImage == null) { dbImage = createImage(PWIDTH, PHEIGHT); if(dbImage == null) { System.out.println("dbImage is null"); return; } else dbg = dbImage.getGraphics(); } //clear the background dbg.setColor(Color.white); dbg.fillRect(0, 0, PWIDTH, PHEIGHT); //draw game elements... if(gameOver) { gameOverMessage(dbg); } } //end of gameRender() } //end of class Sim2D Hope this helps clear things up a bit, Jonathan

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Is it possible to use CSS to align these divs/spans in a table-like manner?

- by Justin L.

I have <div class='line'> <div class='chord_line'> <span class='chord_block'></span> <span class='chord_block'>E</span> <span class='chord_block'>B</span> <span class='chord_block'>C#m</span> <span class='chord_block'>A</span> </div> <div class='lyric_line'> <span class='lyric_block'></span> <span class='lyric_block'>Just a</span> <span class='lyric_block'>small-town girl</span> <span class='lyric_block'>living in a</span> <span class='lyric_block'>lonely world</span> </div> </div> (Excuse me for not being too familiar with proper css conventions for when to use div/spans) I want to be able to display them so that each chord_block span and lyric_block span is aligned vertically, as if they were left-aligned and on the same row of a table. For example: E B C#m A Just a small-town girl living in a lonely world (There will often be cases where an empty chord block is matched up to non-empty lyric block, and vice-versa.) I'm completely new to using CSS to align things, and have had no real understanding/experience of CSS aside from changing background colors and link styles. Is this possible in CSS? If not, how could the div/class nesting structure be revised to make this possible? I could change the spans to divs if necessary. Some things I cannot use: I can't change the structure to group things by a chord_and_lyric_block div (and have their width stretch to the length of the lyric, and stack them horizontally), because I couldn't really copy/select the lyrical lines continuously in their entirety, which is extremely critical. I'm trying to avoid a table-like solution, because this data is not tabular at all. The chord line and the lyric line are meant to be read as one continuous line, not a set of cells. Also, apart from the design philosophy reasons, I think it might have the same problems as the previous thing bullet point. If this is possible, what div/span attributes should I be using? Can you provide sample css? If this is not possible, can it be done with javascript?

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Approaches for Content-based Item Recommendations

- by PartlyCloudy

Hello, I'm currently developing an application where I want to group similar items. Items (like videos) can be created by users and also their attributes can be altered or extended later (like new tags). Instead of relying on users' preferences as most collaborative filtering mechanisms do, I want to compare item similarity based on the items' attributes (like similar length, similar colors, similar set of tags, etc.). The computation is necessary for two main purposes: Suggesting x similar items for a given item and for clustering into groups of similar items. My application so far is follows an asynchronous design and I want to decouple this clustering component as far as possible. The creation of new items or the addition of new attributes for an existing item will be advertised by publishing events the component can then consume. Computations can be provided best-effort and "snapshotted", which means that I'm okay with the best result possible at a given point in time, although result quality will eventually increase. So I am now searching for appropriate algorithms to compute both similar items and clusters. At important constraint is scalability. Initially the application has to handle a few thousand items, but later million items might be possible as well. Of course, computations will then be executed on additional nodes, but the algorithm itself should scale. It would also be nice if the algorithm supports some kind of incremental mode on partial changes of the data. My initial thought of comparing each item with each other and storing the numerical similarity sounds a little bit crude. Also, it requires n*(n-1)/2 entries for storing all similarities and any change or new item will eventually cause n similarity computations. Thanks in advance! UPDATE tl;dr To clarify what I want, here is my targeted scenario: User generate entries (think of documents) User edit entry meta data (think of tags) And here is what my system should provide: List of similar entries to a given item as recommendation Clusters of similar entries Both calculations should be based on: The meta data/attributes of entries (i.e. usage of similar tags) Thus, the distance of two entries using appropriate metrics NOT based on user votings, preferences or actions (unlike collaborative filtering). Although users may create entries and change attributes, the computation should only take into account the items and their attributes, and not the users associated with (just like a system where only items and no users exist). Ideally, the algorithm should support: permanent changes of attributes of an entry incrementally compute similar entries/clusters on changes scale something better than a simple distance table, if possible (because of the O(n²) space complexity)

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Minutia on Objective-C Categories and Extensions.

- by Matt Wilding

I learned something new while trying to figure out why my readwrite property declared in a private Category wasn't generating a setter. It was because my Category was named: // .m @interface MyClass (private) @property (readwrite, copy) NSArray* myProperty; @end Changing it to: // .m @interface MyClass () @property (readwrite, copy) NSArray* myProperty; @end and my setter is synthesized. I now know that Class Extension is not just another name for an anonymous Category. Leaving a Category unnamed causes it to morph into a different beast: one that now gives compile-time method implementation enforcement and allows you to add ivars. I now understand the general philosophies underlying each of these: Categories are generally used to add methods to any class at runtime, and Class Extensions are generally used to enforce private API implementation and add ivars. I accept this. But there are trifles that confuse me. First, at a hight level: Why differentiate like this? These concepts seem like similar ideas that can't decide if they are the same, or different concepts. If they are the same, I would expect the exact same things to be possible using a Category with no name as is with a named Category (which they are not). If they are different, (which they are) I would expect a greater syntactical disparity between the two. It seems odd to say, "Oh, by the way, to implement a Class Extension, just write a Category, but leave out the name. It magically changes." Second, on the topic of compile time enforcement: If you can't add properties in a named Category, why does doing so convince the compiler that you did just that? To clarify, I'll illustrate with my example. I can declare a readonly property in the header file: // .h @interface MyClass : NSObject @property (readonly, copy) NSString* myString; @end Now, I want to head over to the implementation file and give myself private readwrite access to the property. If I do it correctly: // .m @interface MyClass () @property (readonly, copy) NSString* myString; @end I get a warning when I don't synthesize, and when I do, I can set the property and everything is peachy. But, frustratingly, if I happen to be slightly misguided about the difference between Category and Class Extension and I try: // .m @interface MyClass (private) @property (readonly, copy) NSString* myString; @end The compiler is completely pacified into thinking that the property is readwrite. I get no warning, and not even the nice compile error "Object cannot be set - either readonly property or no setter found" upon setting myString that I would had I not declared the readwrite property in the Category. I just get the "Does not respond to selector" exception at runtime. If adding ivars and properties is not supported by (named) Categories, is it too much to ask that the compiler play by the same rules? Am I missing some grand design philosophy?

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Rewriting Live TCP/IP (Layer 4) (i.e. Socket Layer) Streams

- by user213060

I have a simple problem which I'm sure someone here has done before... I want to rewrite Layer 4 TCP/IP streams (Not lower layer individual packets or frames.) Ettercap's etterfilter command lets you perform simple live replacements of Layer 4 TCP/IP streams based on fixed strings or regexes. Example ettercap scripting code: if (ip.proto == TCP && tcp.dst == 80) { if (search(DATA.data, "gzip")) { replace("gzip", " "); msg("whited out gzip\n"); } } if (ip.proto == TCP && tcp.dst == 80) { if (search(DATA.data, "deflate")) { replace("deflate", " "); msg("whited out deflate\n"); } } http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2833 I would like to rewrite streams based on my own filter program instead of just simple string replacements. Anyone have an idea of how to do this? Is there anything other than Ettercap that can do live replacement like this, maybe as a plugin to a VPN software or something? I would like to have a configuration similar to ettercap's silent bridged sniffing configuration between two Ethernet interfaces. This way I can silently filter traffic coming from either direction with no NATing problems. Note that my filter is an application that acts as a pipe filter, similar to the design of unix command-line filters: >[eth0] <----------> [my filter] <----------> [eth1]< What I am already aware of, but are not suitable: Tun/Tap - Works at the lower packet layer, I need to work with the higher layer streams. Ettercap - I can't find any way to do replacements other than the restricted capabilities in the example above. Hooking into some VPN software? - I just can't figure out which or exactly how. libnetfilter_queue - Works with lower layer packets, not TCP/IP streams. Again, the rewriting should occur at the transport layer (Layer 4) as it does in this example, instead of a lower layer packet-based approach. Exact code will help immensely! Thanks!

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iOS dynamic object creation

- by Abdul Ahmad

I've worked with Xcode and iOS on a few personal projects and have always used non-object-oriented designs for everything... just because I've been doing mostly learning/experimenting with things. Now I've been trying to implement some object oriented design into one game I've made previously. The idea is, I have a space ship that can shoot bullets. In the past I basically added the UIImageView to the storyboard and then connected it to the .h file and from there did things on it like move it around or whatever (using CGPointMake). The idea now is to make a method (and a whole other class soon) that will create a UIImageView programmatically, allocate it, add it to the superview etc... I've got this working so far, easy stuff, but the next part is a bit harder. Where do I store this local variable "bullet"? I've been saving it to an NSMutableArray and doing the following: (actually here are the methods that I have) -(void)movement { for (int i = 0; i < [array1 count]; i ++) { UIImageView *a = [array1 objectAtIndex:i]; a.center = CGPointMake(a.center.x + 2, a.center.y); if (a.center.x > 500) { [array1 removeObjectAtIndex:i]; [a removeFromSuperview]; } } } -(void)getBullet { UIImageView *bullet = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(ship.center.x + 20, ship.center.y - 2, 15, 3)]; bullet.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"bullet2.png"]; bullet.hidden = NO; [self.view addSubview:bullet]; [array1 addObject:bullet]; } (by the way, array1 is declared in the .h file) and theres a timer that controls the movement method timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.5 target:self selector:@selector(movement) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; first question is: what is the correct way of doing this? Storing a bullet for example until it is removed from the superview, should I store it another way? and another question is, when I remove a UIImageView from the superview, does that remove it from memory so its not using up system resources? Thank you for the help! (will update if I Think of other questions

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How to create multiple Repository object inside a Repository class using Unit Of Work?

- by Santosh

I am newbie to MVC3 application development, currently, we need following Application technologies as requirement MVC3 framework IOC framework – Autofac to manage object creation dynamically Moq – Unit testing Entity Framework Repository and Unit Of Work Pattern of Model class I have gone through many article to explore an basic idea about the above points but still I am little bit confused on the “Repository and Unit Of Work Pattern “. Basically what I understand Unit Of Work is a pattern which will be followed along with Repository Pattern in order to share the single DB Context among all Repository object, So here is my design : IUnitOfWork.cs public interface IUnitOfWork : IDisposable { IPermitRepository Permit_Repository{ get; } IRebateRepository Rebate_Repository { get; } IBuildingTypeRepository BuildingType_Repository { get; } IEEProjectRepository EEProject_Repository { get; } IRebateLookupRepository RebateLookup_Repository { get; } IEEProjectTypeRepository EEProjectType_Repository { get; } void Save(); } UnitOfWork.cs public class UnitOfWork : IUnitOfWork { #region Private Members private readonly CEEPMSEntities context = new CEEPMSEntities(); private IPermitRepository permit_Repository; private IRebateRepository rebate_Repository; private IBuildingTypeRepository buildingType_Repository; private IEEProjectRepository eeProject_Repository; private IRebateLookupRepository rebateLookup_Repository; private IEEProjectTypeRepository eeProjectType_Repository; #endregion #region IUnitOfWork Implemenation public IPermitRepository Permit_Repository { get { if (this.permit_Repository == null) { this.permit_Repository = new PermitRepository(context); } return permit_Repository; } } public IRebateRepository Rebate_Repository { get { if (this.rebate_Repository == null) { this.rebate_Repository = new RebateRepository(context); } return rebate_Repository; } } } PermitRepository .cs public class PermitRepository : IPermitRepository { #region Private Members private CEEPMSEntities objectContext = null; private IObjectSet<Permit> objectSet = null; #endregion #region Constructors public PermitRepository() { } public PermitRepository(CEEPMSEntities _objectContext) { this.objectContext = _objectContext; this.objectSet = objectContext.CreateObjectSet<Permit>(); } #endregion public IEnumerable<RebateViewModel> GetRebatesByPermitId(int _permitId) { // need to implment } } PermitController .cs public class PermitController : Controller { #region Private Members IUnitOfWork CEEPMSContext = null; #endregion #region Constructors public PermitController(IUnitOfWork _CEEPMSContext) { if (_CEEPMSContext == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("Object can not be null"); } CEEPMSContext = _CEEPMSContext; } #endregion } So here I am wondering how to generate a new Repository for example “TestRepository.cs” using same pattern where I can create more then one Repository object like RebateRepository rebateRepo = new RebateRepository () AddressRepository addressRepo = new AddressRepository() because , what ever Repository object I want to create I need an object of UnitOfWork first as implmented in the PermitController class. So if I would follow the same in each individual Repository class that would again break the priciple of Unit Of Work and create multiple instance of object context. So any idea or suggestion will be highly appreciated. Thank you

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Perl - Calling subclass constructor from superclass (OO)

- by Emmel

This may turn out to be an embarrassingly stupid question, but better than potentially creating embarrassingly stupid code. :-) This is an OO design question, really. Let's say I have an object class 'Foos' that represents a set of dynamic configuration elements, which are obtained by querying a command on disk, 'mycrazyfoos -getconfig'. Let's say that there are two categories of behavior that I want 'Foos' objects to have: Existing ones: one is, query ones that exist in the command output I just mentioned (/usr/bin/mycrazyfoos -getconfig`. Make modifications to existing ones via shelling out commands. Create new ones that don't exist; new 'crazyfoos', using a complex set of /usr/bin/mycrazyfoos commands and parameters. Here I'm not really just querying, but actually running a bunch of system() commands. Affecting changes. Here's my class structure: Foos.pm package Foos, which has a new($hashref-{name = 'myfooname',) constructor that takes a 'crazyfoo NAME' and then queries the existence of that NAME to see if it already exists (by shelling out and running the mycrazyfoos command above). If that crazyfoo already exists, return a Foos::Existing object. Any changes to this object requires shelling out, running commands and getting confirmation that everything ran okay. If this is the way to go, then the new() constructor needs to have a test to see which subclass constructor to use (if that even makes sense in this context). Here are the subclasses: Foos/Existing.pm As mentioned above, this is for when a Foos object already exists. Foos/Pending.pm This is an object that will be created if, in the above, the 'crazyfoo NAME' doesn't actually exist. In this case, the new() constructor above will be checked for additional parameters, and it will go ahead and, when called using -create() shell out using system() and create a new object... possibly returning an 'Existing' one... OR As I type this out, I am realizing it is perhaps it's better to have a single: (an alternative arrangement) Foos class, that has a -new() that takes just a name -create() that takes additional creation parameters -delete(), -change() and other params that affect ones that exist; that will have to just be checked dynamically. So here we are, two main directions to go with this. I'm curious which would be the more intelligent way to go.

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Android Frame based animation memory problem

- by madsleejensen

Hi all Im trying to create a animation on top of a Camera Surface view. The animation if a box rotating, and to enable transparency i made a bunch of *.png files that i want to just switch out on top of the Camera view. The problem is Android wont allow me to allocate so many images (too much memory required) so the AnimationDrawable is not an option. Will i be able to allocate all the *.png bitmaps if i use OpenGL instead? then i would store all the *.png's as Textures and just make my own animation logic? is am i under the same restrictions there? Any ideas on how to solve this problem ? Ive made a Custom view that loads the image resource on every frame and discards it when next frame is to be displayed. But the performance is terrible. import android.app.Activity; import android.content.res.Resources; import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable; import android.os.SystemClock; import android.util.Log; import android.widget.ImageView; public class FrameAnimationView extends ImageView { private int mFramesPerSecond = 10; private int mTimeBetweenFrames = (1000 / mFramesPerSecond); private int mCurrentFrame = 1; private String[] mFrames; private Thread mAnimationThread; private Resources mResources; private String mIdentifierPrefix; private Activity mContext; private boolean mIsAnimating = false; private Integer[] mDrawableIndentifiers; public FrameAnimationView(Activity context, String[] frames) { super(context); mContext = context; mResources = context.getResources(); mFrames = frames; mIdentifierPrefix = context.getPackageName() + ":drawable/"; mDrawableIndentifiers = new Integer[frames.length]; } private void initAnimationThread() { mAnimationThread = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while (mIsAnimating) { final int frameToShow = (mCurrentFrame - 1); //Log.e("frame", Integer.toString(frameToShow)); mContext.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { if (mDrawableIndentifiers[frameToShow] == null) { String frameId = mFrames[frameToShow]; int drawableResourceId = mResources.getIdentifier(mIdentifierPrefix + frameId, null, null); mDrawableIndentifiers[frameToShow] = drawableResourceId; } Drawable frame = getResources().getDrawable(mDrawableIndentifiers[frameToShow]); setBackgroundDrawable(frame); if (mCurrentFrame < mFrames.length) { mCurrentFrame++; } else { mCurrentFrame = 1; } } }); try { Thread.sleep(mTimeBetweenFrames); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }); } public void setFramesPerSecond(int fps) { mFramesPerSecond = fps; mTimeBetweenFrames = (1000 / mFramesPerSecond); } public void startAnimation() { if (mIsAnimating) return; mIsAnimating = true; initAnimationThread(); mAnimationThread.start(); } public void stopAnimation() { if (mIsAnimating) { Thread oldThread = mAnimationThread; mAnimationThread = null; oldThread.interrupt(); mIsAnimating = false; } } }

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Subclassing and adding data members

- by Marius

I have an hierarchy of classes that looks like the following: class Critical { public: Critical(int a, int b) : m_a(a), m_b(b) { } virtual ~Critical() { } int GetA() { return m_a; } int GetB() { return m_b; } void SetA(int a) { m_a = a; } void SetB(int b) { m_b = b; } protected: int m_a; int m_b; }; class CriticalFlavor : public Critical { public: CriticalFlavor(int a, int b, int flavor) : Critical(a, b), m_flavor(flavor) { } virtual ~CriticalFlavor() { } int GetFlavor() { return m_flavor; } void SetFlavor(int flavor) { m_flavor = flavor; } protected: int m_flavor; }; class CriticalTwist : public Critical { public: CriticalTwist(int a, int b, int twist) : Critical(a, b), m_twist(twist) { } virtual ~CriticalTwist() { } int GetTwist() { return m_twist; } void SetTwist(int twist) { m_twist = twist; } protected: int m_twist; }; The above does not seem right to me in terms of the design and what bothers me the most is the fact that the addition of member variables seems to drive the interface of these classes (the real code that does the above is a little more complex but still embracing the same pattern). That will proliferate when in need for another "Critical" class that just adds some other property. Does this feel right to you? How could I refactor such code? An idea would be to have just a set of interfaces and use composition when it comes to the base object like the following: class Critical { public: virtual int GetA() = 0; virtual int GetB() = 0; virtual void SetA(int a) = 0; virtual void SetB(int b) = 0; }; class CriticalImpl { public: CriticalImpl(int a, int b) : m_a(a), m_b(b) { } ~CriticalImpl() { } int GetA() { return m_a; } int GetB() { return m_b; } void SetA(int a) { m_a = a; } void SetB(int b) { m_b = b; } private: int m_a; int m_b; }; class CriticalFlavor { public: virtual int GetFlavor() = 0; virtual void SetFlavor(int flavor) = 0; }; class CriticalFlavorImpl : public Critical, public CriticalFlavor { public: CriticalFlavorImpl(int a, int b, int flavor) : m_flavor(flavor), m_critical(new CriticalImpl(a, b)) { } ~CriticalFlavorImpl() { delete m_critical; } int GetFlavor() { return m_flavor; } void SetFlavor(int flavor) { m_flavor = flavor; } int GetA() { return m_critical-GetA(); } int GetB() { return m_critical-GetB(); } void SetA(int a) { m_critical-SetA(a); } void SetB(int b) { m_critical-SetB(b); } private: int m_flavor; CriticalImpl* m_critical; };

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Multiple choice test GUI with serialization of Q&A

- by Bobby

I'm working on a project for school in Java programming. I need to design a GUI that will take in questions and answers and store them in a file. It should be able to contain an unlimited number of questions. We have covered binary I/O. How do I write the input they give to a file? How would I go about having them add multiple questions from this GUI? package multiplechoice; import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class MultipleChoice extends JFrame { public MultipleChoice() { /* * Setting Layout */ setLayout(new GridLayout(10,10)); /* * First Question */ add(new JLabel("What is the category of the question?: ")); JTextField category = new JTextField(); add(category); add(new JLabel("Please enter the question you wish to ask: ")); JTextField question = new JTextField(); add(question); add(new JLabel("Please enter the correct answer: ")); JTextField correctAnswer = new JTextField(); add(correctAnswer); add(new JLabel("Please enter a reccomended answer to display: ")); JTextField reccomendedAnswer = new JTextField(); add(reccomendedAnswer); add(new JLabel("Please enter a choice for multiple choice option " + "A")); JTextField A = new JTextField(); add(A); add(new JLabel("Please enter a choice for multiple choice option " + "B")); JTextField B = new JTextField(); add(B); add(new JLabel("Please enter a choice for multiple choice option " + "C")); JTextField C = new JTextField(); add(C); add(new JLabel("Please enter a choice for multiple choice option " + "D")); JTextField D = new JTextField(); add(D); add(new JButton("Compile Questions")); add(new JButton("Next Question")); } public static void main(String[] args) { /* * Creating JFrame to contain questions */ FinalProject frame = new FinalProject(); // FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream("Questions.dat"); JPanel panel = new JPanel(); // button.setLayout(); // frame.add(panel); panel.setSize(100,100); // button.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100,100)); frame.setTitle("FinalProject"); frame.setSize(600, 400); frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); // Center the frame frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setVisible(true); } }

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How do I write object classes effectively when dealing with table joins?

- by Chris

I should start by saying I'm not now, nor do I have any delusions I'll ever be a professional programmer so most of my skills have been learned from experience very much as a hobby. I learned PHP as it seemed a good simple introduction in certain areas and it allowed me to design simple web applications. When I learned about objects, classes etc the tutor's basic examnples covered the idea that as a rule of thumb each database table should have its own class. While that worked well for the photo gallery project we wrote, as it had very simple mysql queries, it's not working so well now my projects are getting more complex. If I require data from two separate tables which require a table join I've instead been ignoring the class altogether and handling it on a case by case basis, OR, even worse been combining some of the data into the class and the rest as a separate entity and doing two queries, which to me seems inefficient. As an example, when viewing content on a forum I wrote, if you view a thread, I retrieve data from the threads table, the posts table and the user table. The queries from the user and posts table are retrieved via a join and not instantiated as an object, whereas the thread data is called using my Threads class. So how do I get from my current state of affairs to something a little less 'stupid', for want of a better word. Right now I have a DB class that deals with connection and escaping values etc, a parent db query class that deals with the common queries and methods, and all of the other classes (Thread, Upload, Session, Photo and ones thats aren't used Post, User etc ) are children of that. Do I make a big posts class that has the relevant extra attributes that I retrieve from the users (and potentially threads) table? Do I have separate classes that populate each of their relevant attributes with a single query? If so how do I do that? Because of the way my classes are written, based on what I was taught, my db update row method, or insert method both just take the attributes as an array and update all of that, if I have extra attributes from other db tables in each class then how do I rewrite those methods as obbiously updating automatically like that would result in errors? In short I think my understanding is limited right now and I'd like some pointers when it comes to the fundamentals of how to write more complex classes.

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How do I access the enumerated item with an indexer and assign array string to it for display?

- by g00p3k

EDITED: Updated 3/23/09. See rest of post at bottom. I'm still having trouble with the indexer. Anymore help or examples would really help me out. Write a class, MyCourses, that contains an enumeration of all the courses that you are currently taking. This enum should be nested inside of your class MyCourses. Your class should also have an array field that provides a short description (as a String) of each of your courses. Write an indexer that takes one of your enumerated courses as an index and returns the String description of the course. Write a class MyFriends that contains an indexer that provides access to the names of your friends. namespace IT274_Unit4Project { public class MyCourses { // enumeration that contains an enumeration of all the courses that // student is currently enrolled in public enum CourseName {IT274= 0,CS210 = 1} // array field that provides short description for each of classes, // returns string description of the course private String[] courseDescription = {"Intermediate C#: Teaches intermediate elements of C# programming and software design", "Career Development Strategies: Teaches principles for career progression, resume preparation, and overall self anaylsis"}; // indexer that takes one of the enumerated courses as an index // and returns the String description of the course public String this[CourseName index] { get { if (index == 1) return courseDescription[0]; else return courseDescription[1]; } set { if (index == 1) courseDescription[0] = value; else courseDescription[1] = value; } } } }//end public class MyCourses I'm working on this homework project and having trouble understanding the text explaining how to correctly take the accessed value of the enumeration and then apply the string array value to it. Can you please help me understand this? The text we are using is very difficult and poorly written for a beginner to understand, so I'm kind of on my own here. I've got the first parts written, but need some help on the accessing of the enumeration value and assigning, i think i'm close, but don't understand how to properly get and set the values on this. Please do not provide me with direct code answers, unless a MSDN style explanation that is generalized and not specific to my project. ie: public class MyClass { string field1; string field2; //properties public string Value1 get etc... Thanks!

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Conceptual inheritance implementation

- by TheSENDER

Hi there, I'm writing a spatial data structure and I have a doubt about what's the best NODE implementation. According to my design I have an abstract node entity and three classes which inherit from it: EMPTYNODE, FULLNODE, INTERNALNODE. The first one has no particular data. The second one has 1 reference to a generic element. The third one has 2 references to other nodes. I have found several ways to implement this situation (that I have already coded) but I can't decide what's the best. The first solution that I have found is to use a single class Node that potentially performs all the operation in this way: private static class Node { private Elem elem = null; private Node left = null, right = null; public Elem getElem() { assert isFull(); return elem; } public boolean isEmpty() { return elem == null && left == null; } public boolean isFull() { return elem != null; } public boolean isInternal() { return elem == null && left != null; } } The second solution is to write an explicit division by classes where every class offers only its methods. Obviously in this way we are obliged to perform several casts to the node objects. private static abstract class Node { public abstract boolean isEmpty(); public abstract boolean isFull(); public abstract boolean isInternal(); } private static class FullNode extends Node{ private ITriangle elem; @Override public boolean isEmpty() { return false; } @Override public final boolean isFull() { return true; } @Override public final boolean isInternal() { return false; } public Elem getElem() { return elem; } } The third one solution is to use the inheritance allowing every classes to offer all the methods, but the object type should by check by "isEmpty()" and similar methods. In case of wrong call we'll throw an exception. private static abstract class Node { public abstract boolean isEmpty(); public abstract boolean isFull(); public abstract boolean isInternal(); public abstract Elem getElem(); } private static class Empty extends Node{ @Override public boolean isEmpty() { return true; } @Override public final boolean isFull() { return false; } @Override public final boolean isInternal() { return false; } @Override public Elem getElem() { throw new AssertionError(); } } What do you think about these three solutions? Which one would you use? Any other ideas? Thanks for your help. Every idea will be appreciated.

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Using Entity Framework 4.0 with Code-First and POCO: How to Get Parent Object with All its Children

- by SirEel

I'm new to EF 4.0, so maybe this is an easy question. I've got VS2010 RC and the latest EF CTP. I'm trying to implement the "Foreign Keys" code-first example on the EF Team's Design Blog, http://blogs.msdn.com/efdesign/archive/2009/10/12/code-only-further-enhancements.aspx. public class Customer { public int Id { get; set; public string CustomerDescription { get; set; public IList<PurchaseOrder> PurchaseOrders { get; set; } } public class PurchaseOrder { public int Id { get; set; } public int CustomerId { get; set; } public Customer Customer { get; set; } public DateTime DateReceived { get; set; } } public class MyContext : ObjectContext { public RepositoryContext(EntityConnection connection) : base(connection){} public IObjectSet<Customer> Customers { get {return base.CreateObjectSet<Customer>();} } } I use a ContextBuilder to configure MyContext: { var builder = new ContextBuilder<MyContext>(); var customerConfig = _builder.Entity<Customer>(); customerConfig.Property(c => c.Id).IsIdentity(); var poConfig = _builder.Entity<PurchaseOrder>(); poConfig.Property(po => po.Id).IsIdentity(); poConfig.Relationship(po => po.Customer) .FromProperty(c => c.PurchaseOrders) .HasConstraint((po, c) => po.CustomerId == c.Id); ... } This works correctly when I'm adding new Customers, but not when I try to retrieve existing Customers. This code successfully saves a new Customer and all its child PurchaseOrders: using (var context = builder.Create(connection)) { context.Customers.AddObject(customer); context.SaveChanges(); } But this code only retrieves Customer objects; their PurchaseOrders lists are always empty. using (var context = _builder.Create(_conn)) { var customers = context.Customers.ToList(); } What else do I need to do to the ContextBuilder to make MyContext always retrieve all the PurchaseOrders with each Customer?

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Which network protocol to use for lightweight notification of remote apps (Delphi 2005)

- by Chris Thornton

I have this situation.... Client-initiated SOAP 1.1 communication between one server and let's say, tens of thousands of clients. Clients are external, coming in through our firewall, authenticated by certificate, https, etc.. They can be anywhere, and usually have their own firewalls, NAT routers, etc... They're truely external, not just remote corporate offices. They could be in a corporate/campus network, DSL/Cable, even Dialup. Currently, clients push new data to the server and pull new data from the server on 15-minute polling loop. The server currently does not push data - the client hits the "messagecount" method, to see if there is new data to pull. If 0, it sleeps for another 15 min and checks again. We're trying to get that down to 7 seconds. If this were an internal app, with one or just a few dozen clients, we'd write a cilent "listener" soap service, and would push data to it. But since they're external, sit behind their own firewalls, and sometimes private networks behind NAT routers, this is not practical. So we're left with polling on a much quicker loop. 10K clients, each checking their messagecount every 10 seconds, is going to be 1000/sec messages that will mostly just waste bandwidth, server, firewall, and authenticator resources. So I'm trying to design something better than what would amount to a self-inflicted DoS attack. I don't think it's practical to have the server send soap messages to the client (push) as this would require too much configuration at the client end. But I think there are alternatives that I don't know about. Such as: 1) Is there a way for the client to make a request for GetMessageCount() via Soap 1.1, and get the response, and then perhaps, "stay on the line" for perhaps 5-10 minutes to get additional responses in case new data arrives? i.e the server says "0", then a minute later in response to some SQL trigger (the server is C# on Sql Server, btw), knows that this client is still "on the line" and sends the updated message count of "5"? 2) Is there some other protocol that we could use to "ping" the client, using information gathered from their last GetMessageCount() request? 3) I don't even know. I guess I'm looking for some magic protocol where the client can send a GetMessageCount() request, which would include info for "oh by the way, in case the answer changes in the next hour, ping me at this address...". Also, I'm assuming that any of these "keep the line open" schemes would seriously impact the server sizing, as it would need to keep many thousands of connections open, simultaneously. That would likely impact the firewalls too, I think. Is there anything out there like that? Or am I pretty much stuck with polling? TIA, Chris

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How can I draw a line with a variable of width?

- by user1729944

#include <iostream> #include <cmath> #include "graph1.h" using namespace std; int main() { int diameter = 0; int height = 0; double rate = 0; char repeat = 'y'; int obj_num = 0; displayGraphics(); obj_num = drawRect(0,0,50,400); setColor(obj_num,200,200,200); obj_num = drawRect(0,400,640,79); setColor(obj_num,71,35,35); obj_num = drawLine(50,50,150,50,5); setColor(obj_num,80,80,80); displayBMP("faucet.bmp",150,12); do { do { cout << "Enter the diamater of the cylinder <in inches > 0 but <= 300: "; cin >> diameter; if((diameter<0) || (diameter>300)) { cout << "Incorrect diamater entered; value must be between 1 and 300" << endl; } }while((diameter<0) || (diameter>300)); do { cout << "Enter the height of the cylinder <in inches > 0 but <= 325: "; cin >> height; if((height<0) || (height>325)) { cout << "Incorrect height entered; value must be between 1 and 325" << endl; } }while((height<0) || (height>325)); do { cout << "Enter the facet water's rate: <gallons/minute> "; cin >> rate; if((rate<0) || (rate>100)) { cout << "Incorrect rate entered; value must be between 1 and 100" << endl; } }while((rate<0) || (rate>100)); //I need to draw the lines here. The graphics window has a faucet that is supposed to fill //up a cylinder made out of 3 lines. I don't know how to make the lines vary from the users //input since lines are hard coded with points and all i am receiving is the width for the //bottom line and the height for the left and right lines. cout << "Repeat program? (y/n): "; cin >> repeat; clearGraphics(); }while ( (repeat == 'y') || (repeat == 'Y') ); return 0; } Here is a screenshot for reference:

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New to MVC. Actionscript 3.0 Appreciate your help.

- by Combustion007

Hello Everyone, I am new to design patterns and am trying to learn the MVC implementation. I have written four classes: DataModel DataView DataController Main Main serves as the application facade. The main FLA is called HelloWorld. I have a symbol called "Box" in HelloWorld. I just would like to add an instance of the "Box" on the stage. Eventually I would like to place a button and when the button is clicked, the Box instance color will be changed. I would appreciate any help, please help me figure out what am I doing wrong. Here are my Classes: DATAMODEL CLASS: package { import flash.events.*; public class DataModel extends EventDispatcher { public static const UPDATE:String = "modelUpdate"; private var _color:Number = (Math.round(Math.random()* 0xffffff)); public function DataModel() { trace("DATA MODEL INIT"); } public function get color():Number { return _color; } public function set color(p:Number):void { _color = p; notifyObserver(); } public function notifyObserver():void { dispatchEvent(new Event(DataModel.UPDATE)); } } } //DATACONTROLLER CLASS: package { import flash.events.; import flash.display.; import flash.errors.*; public class DataController { private var _model:DataModel; public function DataController(m:DataModel) { trace("DATACONTROLLER INIT"); _model = m; } } } DATAVIEW CLASS: package { import flash.events.; import flash.display.; import flash.errors.*; public class DataView extends Sprite { private var _model:DataModel; private var _controller:DataController; private var b:Box; public function DataView(m:DataModel, c:DataController) { _model = m; _controller = c; b = new Box(); b.x = b.y = 100; addChild(b); } } } And Finally THE FACADE: package { import flash.display.; import flash.events.; import flash.text.; import flash.errors.; public class Main extends Sprite { private var _model:DataModel; private var _controller:DataController; private var _view:DataView; public function Main(m:DataModel, c:DataController, v:DataView) { _model = m; _controller = c; _view = v; addChild(v); } } } When I test the movie: I get this error: ArgumentError: Error #1063: Argument count mismatch on Main(). Expected 3, got 0. Thanks alot.

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How should I organize my C# classes? [closed]

- by oscar.fimbres

I'm creating an email generator system. I'm creating some clases and I'm trying to make things right. By the time, I have created 5 classes. Look at the class diagram: I'm going to explain you each one. Person. It's not a big deal. Just have two constructors: Person(fname, lname1, lname2) and Person(token, fname, lname1, lname2). Note that email property stays without value. StringGenerator. This is a static class and it has only a public function: Generate. The function receives a Person class and it will return a list of patterns for the email. MySql. It contains all the necessary to connect to a database. Database. This class inherits from MySql class. It has particular functions for the database. This gets all the registries from a table (function GetPeople) and return a List. Each person from the list contains all data except Email. Also it can add records (List but this must contains an available email). An available email is when an email doesn't have another person. For that reason, I have a method named ExistsEmail. Container. This is the class which is causing me some problems. It's like a temporary container. It supposed to have a people list from GetPeople (in Database class) and for each person it adds, it must generate a list of possible names (StringGenerator.Generate), then it selects one of the list and it must check out if exists in the database or in the same container. As I told above this is temporal, it may none of the possible emails is available. So the user can modify or enter a custom email available and update the list in this container. When all the email's people are available, it sends a list to add in the database, It must have a Flush method, to insert all the people in the database. I'm trying to design correct class. I need a little help to improve or edite the classes, because I want to separate the logic and visual, and learn of you. I hope you've been able to understand me. Any question or doubt, please let me know. Anyway, I attached the solution here to better understand it: http://www.megaupload.com/?d=D94FH8GZ

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Undefined template methods trick ?

- by Matthieu M.

A colleague of mine told me about a little piece of design he has used with his team that sent my mind boiling. It's a kind of traits class that they can specialize in an extremely decoupled way. I've had a hard time understanding how it could possibly work, and I am still unsure of the idea I have, so I thought I would ask for help here. We are talking g++ here, specifically the versions 3.4.2 and 4.3.2 (it seems to work with both). The idea is quite simple: 1- Define the interface // interface.h template <class T> struct Interface { void foo(); // the method is not implemented, it could not work if it was }; // // I do not think it is necessary // but they prefer free-standing methods with templates // because of the automatic argument deduction // template <class T> void foo(Interface<T>& interface) { interface.foo(); } 2- Define a class, and in the source file specialize the interface for this class (defining its methods) // special.h class Special {}; // special.cpp #include "interface.h" #include "special.h" // // Note that this specialization is not visible outside of this translation unit // template <> struct Interface<Special> { void foo() { std::cout << "Special" << std::endl; } }; 3- To use, it's simple too: // main.cpp #include "interface.h" class Special; // yes, it only costs a forward declaration // which helps much in term of dependencies int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { Interface<Special> special; foo(special); return 0; }; It's an undefined symbol if no translation unit defined a specialization of Interface for Special. Now, I would have thought this would require the export keyword, which to my knowledge has never been implemented in g++ (and only implemented once in a C++ compiler, with its authors advising anyone not to, given the time and effort it took them). I suspect it's got something to do with the linker resolving the templates methods... Do you have ever met anything like this before ? Does it conform to the standard or do you think it's a fortunate coincidence it works ? I must admit I am quite puzzled by the construct...

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UIImage rounded corners

- by catlan

I try to get rounded corners on a UIImage, what I read so far, the easiest way is to use a mask images. For this I used code from TheElements iPhone Example and some image resize code I found. My problem is that resizedImage is always nil and I don't find the error... - (UIImage *)imageByScalingProportionallyToSize:(CGSize)targetSize { CGSize imageSize = [self size]; float width = imageSize.width; float height = imageSize.height; // scaleFactor will be the fraction that we'll // use to adjust the size. For example, if we shrink // an image by half, scaleFactor will be 0.5. the // scaledWidth and scaledHeight will be the original, // multiplied by the scaleFactor. // // IMPORTANT: the "targetHeight" is the size of the space // we're drawing into. The "scaledHeight" is the height that // the image actually is drawn at, once we take into // account the ideal of maintaining proportions float scaleFactor = 0.0; float scaledWidth = targetSize.width; float scaledHeight = targetSize.height; CGPoint thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(0,0); // since not all images are square, we want to scale // proportionately. To do this, we find the longest // edge and use that as a guide. if ( CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == NO ) { // use the longeset edge as a guide. if the // image is wider than tall, we'll figure out // the scale factor by dividing it by the // intended width. Otherwise, we'll use the // height. float widthFactor = targetSize.width / width; float heightFactor = targetSize.height / height; if ( widthFactor < heightFactor ) scaleFactor = widthFactor; else scaleFactor = heightFactor; // ex: 500 * 0.5 = 250 (newWidth) scaledWidth = width * scaleFactor; scaledHeight = height * scaleFactor; // center the thumbnail in the frame. if // wider than tall, we need to adjust the // vertical drawing point (y axis) if ( widthFactor < heightFactor ) thumbnailPoint.y = (targetSize.height - scaledHeight) * 0.5; else if ( widthFactor > heightFactor ) thumbnailPoint.x = (targetSize.width - scaledWidth) * 0.5; } CGContextRef mainViewContentContext; CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace; colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(); // create a bitmap graphics context the size of the image mainViewContentContext = CGBitmapContextCreate (NULL, targetSize.width, targetSize.height, 8, 0, colorSpace, kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast); // free the rgb colorspace CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace); if (mainViewContentContext==NULL) return NULL; //CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(mainViewContentContext, [[UIColor whiteColor] CGColor]); //CGContextFillRect(mainViewContentContext, CGRectMake(0, 0, targetSize.width, targetSize.height)); CGContextDrawImage(mainViewContentContext, CGRectMake(thumbnailPoint.x, thumbnailPoint.y, scaledWidth, scaledHeight), self.CGImage); // Create CGImageRef of the main view bitmap content, and then // release that bitmap context CGImageRef mainViewContentBitmapContext = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(mainViewContentContext); CGContextRelease(mainViewContentContext); CGImageRef maskImage = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"Mask.png"] CGImage]; CGImageRef resizedImage = CGImageCreateWithMask(mainViewContentBitmapContext, maskImage); CGImageRelease(mainViewContentBitmapContext); // convert the finished resized image to a UIImage UIImage *theImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:resizedImage]; // image is retained by the property setting above, so we can // release the original CGImageRelease(resizedImage); // return the image return theImage; }

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Is there a FlashBlock plugin written in Javascript?

- by user3709489

Anyone here have one ? I mean a plugin like Click to Play of Firefox and Chrome feature ( https://www.google.com/search?q=click+to+play+firefox&hl=vi&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=gOKPU5GCJsP_8QXFtYC4Aw&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=717 ) but written in Javascript, work like LazyLoad I found here: https://github.com/kaizau/Lazy-Load-Images-without-jQuery If anyone here have something like that please share me, I also found a click to show function for image: <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body>  <script type="text/javascript">  </script> <p><img data-src="graphics/one.gif" width="400" height="600" id="Image1" onClick="MM_swapImage('Image1','','http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/themes/NASAPortal/images/nasa-starfield-header-hr.png',0)"></p>  </body> </html> Many thank!

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output image is not displayed

- by gerry chocolatos

so, im doing an image detection which i have to process on each red, green, n blue element to get the edge map and combine them become one to show the output. but it doesnt show my output image would anyone pls be kind enough to help me? here is my code so far. //get the red element process_red = new int[width * height]; counter = 0; for(int i = 0; i < 256; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < 256; j++) { int clr = buff_red.getRGB(j, i); int red = (clr & 0x00ff0000) >> 16; red = (0xFF<<24)|(red<<16)|(red<<8)|red; process_red[counter] = red; counter++; } } //set threshold value for red element int threshold = 100; for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { int bin = (buff_red.getRGB(x, y) & 0x000000ff); if (bin < threshold) bin = 0; else bin = 255; buff_red.setRGB(x,y, 0xff000000 | bin << 16 | bin << 8 | bin); } } and i do the same way for my green n blue elements. and then i wanted to get to combination of the three by doing it this way: //combine the three elements process_combine = new int[width * height]; counter = 0; for(int i = 0; i < 256; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < 256; j++) { int clr_a = buff_red.getRGB(j, i); int ar = clr_a & 0x000000ff; int clr_b = buff_green.getRGB(j, i); int bg = clr_b & 0x000000ff; int clr_c = buff_blue.getRGB(j, i); int cb = clr_b & 0x000000ff; int alpha = 0xff000000; int combine = alpha|(ar<<16)|(bg<<8)|cb; process_combine[counter] = combine; counter++; } } buff_rgb = new BufferedImage(width,height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics rgb; rgb = buff_rgb.getGraphics(); rgb.drawImage(output_rgb, 0, 0, null); rgb.dispose(); repaint(); and to show the output whic is from the combining process, i use a draw method: g.drawImage(buff_rgb,800,100,this); but still it doesnt show the image. can anyone pls help me? ur help is really appreciated. thanks.

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Sorting a list of numbers with modified cost

- by David

First, this was one of the four problems we had to solve in a project last year and I couldn’t find a suitable algorithm so we handle in a brute force solution. Problem: The numbers are in a list that is not sorted and supports only one type of operation. The operation is defined as follows: Given a position i and a position j the operation moves the number at position i to position j without altering the relative order of the other numbers. If i j, the positions of the numbers between positions j and i - 1 increment by 1, otherwise if i < j the positions of the numbers between positions i+1 and j decreases by 1. This operation requires i steps to find a number to move and j steps to locate the position to which you want to move it. Then the number of steps required to move a number of position i to position j is i+j. We need to design an algorithm that given a list of numbers, determine the optimal (in terms of cost) sequence of moves to rearrange the sequence. Attempts: Part of our investigation was around NP-Completeness, we make it a decision problem and try to find a suitable transformation to any of the problems listed in Garey and Johnson’s book: Computers and Intractability with no results. There is also no direct reference (from our point of view) to this kind of variation in Donald E. Knuth’s book: The art of Computer Programing Vol. 3 Sorting and Searching. We also analyzed algorithms to sort linked lists but none of them gives a good idea to find de optimal sequence of movements. Note that the idea is not to find an algorithm that orders the sequence, but one to tell me the optimal sequence of movements in terms of cost that organizes the sequence, you can make a copy and sort it to analyze the final position of the elements if you want, in fact we may assume that the list contains the numbers from 1 to n, so we know where we want to put each number, we are just concerned with minimizing the total cost of the steps. We tested several greedy approaches but all of them failed, divide and conquer sorting algorithms can’t be used because they swap with no cost portions of the list and our dynamic programing approaches had to consider many cases. The brute force recursive algorithm takes all the possible combinations of movements from i to j and then again all the possible moments of the rest of the element’s, at the end it returns the sequence with less total cost that sorted the list, as you can imagine the cost of this algorithm is brutal and makes it impracticable for more than 8 elements. Our observations: n movements is not necessarily cheaper than n+1 movements (unlike swaps in arrays that are O(1)). There are basically two ways of moving one element from position i to j: one is to move it directly and the other is to move other elements around i in a way that it reaches the position j. At most you make n-1 movements (the untouched element reaches its position alone). If it is the optimal sequence of movements then you didn’t move the same element twice.

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- by gerry chocolatos

- by David

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