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• Microphones not working on Apple macbook Air 1,1 (Early 2008) under Linux

  - by jj_p

  I'm running Linux on an mba. I can't make the microphones (neither external nor internal) work. I test using alsamixer and arecord -d 5 test-mic.waw together with aplay test-mic.waw It seems there is a problem with kernel trying to decipher Apple (intentionally) corrupted 'bios', in particular the mic pins are wrongly assigned. As far as we are concerned here, is there any difference between using EFI and BIOS-compatibility mode? (see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/MacBook where they claim to have everything working out of the box on mba1,1) A nice proposal would be to compile the latest Linux kernel and run hda-jack-retask to find the right configuration (in the case of Realtek codec, the missing things I'm supposed to check are either some vendor-specific COEF verbs, EAPD or GPIO setup.), and then come up with a kernel patch to address the issue. Since I'm not that familiar with this last part of the story, can anyone help me through this process? Some useful data: The output from alsa script run as root http://www.alsa-project.org/db/?f=adae8ebee1007043fe83414ac4972319e02255fa The command hda-jack-sense-test -a (with external mic in) Pin 0x14 (Internal Speaker): present = No Pin 0x15 (Green HP Out): present = Yes Pin 0x16 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x17 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x18 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x19 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1a (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1b (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1c (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1d (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1e (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1f (Not connected): present = No Most likely the chip is Realtek ALC885 (compare also ALC889A) http://guide-images.ifixit.net/igi/bBTSqaeK5JpQ1AWe.large , although at the moment alsa reads it as ALC889A Takashi Iwai's tutorial https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt Some people researched the original files from a running OS X installation on this same model (I think the relevant files are AppleHDA.kext/Contents/MacOS/AppleHDA AppleHDA.kext/Contents/PlugIns/AppleHDAHardwareConfigDriver.kext/Contents/Info.p????list AppleHDA.kext/Contents/Resources/layout12.xml.zlib AppleHDA.kext/Contents/Resources/Platforms.xml.zlib) http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/topic/220090-alc889a-pin-configuration/#entry1554954 Datasheet http://www.realtek.info/pdf/ALC885_1-1.pdf (from the same Realtek, one can also try to download Linux driver, but this is just taken from ALSA project, as stated in the readme file.) Compare with this Arch guy http://www.alsa-project.org/db/?f=3ca8243c0626844f0264a3faad0aa72018bc14f4 Here for the first time support to audio (except mics) for mba1,2 (which is morally the same as 1,1) is patched into the kernel http://www.alsa-project.org/pipermail/alsa-devel/2010-February/025511.html The same jack supposedly works both for HP and ext MIC, I think it's called TRRS, and it's the same as the one used e.g. for iphones This guy might have done a similar job, though to a more recent version and for sound globally, not just mics: http://blogs.aerys.in/jeanmarc-leroux/2013/09/15/fixing-2013-macbook-air-ubuntu-sound-issue/ (this is mirror to http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/73044/microphones-not-working-on-apple-macbook-air-1-1-early-2008-under-linux )

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• Apache Mod_rewrite rule working on one server, but not another

  - by Mason

  I am using mod_jk and mod_rewrite on httpd 2.2.15. I have a rule.... RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/video/play\.xhtml.* RewriteRule ^/video/(.*) /video/play.xhtml?vid=$1 [PT] I just want to rewrite something like /video/videoidhere to /video/play.xhtml?vid=videoidhere This works perfectly on my developer machine, but on production I get a 404 (generated by Jboss, not Apache). here is the tail of access.log and rewrite.log on prod (broken). the rewrite.log is exactly the same on dev(working) applying pattern '^/video/(.*)' to uri '/video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' RewriteCond: input='/video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' pattern='!^/video/play\.xhtml.*' => matched rewrite '/video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' -> '/video/play.xhtml?vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' split uri=/video/play.xhtml?vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b -> uri=/video/play.xhtml, args=vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b forcing '/video/play.xhtml' to get passed through to next API URI-to-filename handler "GET /video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b HTTP/1.1" 404 420 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.2.6) Gecko/20100628 Ubuntu/10.04 (lucid) Firefox/3.6.6" I can access http://www.fivi.com/video/play.xhtml?vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b but not /video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b Both server are even using the EXACT same httpd.conf, and modules. I built Apache with... ./configure --prefix /usr/local/apache2.2.15 --enable-alias --enable-rewrite --enable-cache --enable-disk_cache --enable-mem_cache --enable-ssl --enable-deflate Thanks, Mason ----UPDATE---- -mod-jk.conf JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache2.2.15/conf/workers.properties JkLogFile /var/log/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel info JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]" JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompatUnparsed -ForwardDirectories JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T" JkShmFile run/jk.shm <Location /jkstatus> JkMount status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 </Location> -workers.properties worker.node1.port=8009 worker.node1.host=75.102.10.74 worker.node1.type=ajp13 worker.node1.lbfactor=20 worker.node1.ping_mode=A #As of mod_jk 1.2.27 worker.node2.port=8009 worker.node2.host=75.102.10.75 worker.node2.type=ajp13 worker.node2.lbfactor=10 worker.node2.ping_mode=A #As of mod_jk 1.2.27 worker.loadbalancer.type=lb worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=node2,node1 worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=True worker.status.type=status -httpd.conf ServerName www.fivi.com:80 Include /usr/local/apache2.2.15/conf/mod-jk.conf NameVirtualHost * <VirtualHost *> ServerName * DocumentRoot /usr/local/apache2/htdocs JkUnMount /* loadbalancer RedirectMatch 301 /(.*) http://www.fivi.com/$1 </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> ServerName www.fivi.com ServerAlias www.fivi.com images.fivi.com JkMount /* loadbalancer JkMount / loadbalancer [root@fivi conf]# /usr/local/apache2.2.15/bin/httpd -M Loaded Modules: core_module (static) authn_file_module (static) authn_default_module (static) authz_host_module (static) authz_groupfile_module (static) authz_user_module (static) authz_default_module (static) auth_basic_module (static) cache_module (static) disk_cache_module (static) mem_cache_module (static) include_module (static) filter_module (static) deflate_module (static) log_config_module (static) env_module (static) headers_module (static) setenvif_module (static) version_module (static) ssl_module (static) mpm_prefork_module (static) http_module (static) mime_module (static) status_module (static) autoindex_module (static) asis_module (static) cgi_module (static) negotiation_module (static) dir_module (static) actions_module (static) userdir_module (static) alias_module (static) rewrite_module (static) so_module (static) jk_module (shared) Syntax OK

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• XP OEM licensing when reinstalling Windows XP

  - by mindas

  My wife has managed to buy a Dell laptop she was using at her ex-employer that just went bust. The problem with it is the OS (Windows XP) which takes ages to boot and is generally disproportionally slow to the hardware of the machine. So my aim is to sacrifice a day and reinstall it. The problem I am slightly worried about is the licensing/registration/activation hell. Apart from the sticker (with WinXP license key), the laptop has no other paperwork proving this license is legitimate. I believe this was originally an OEM license. Unfortunately, I don't have the the installation CD. This computer also has MS Office installed (which I would like to retain) but it none of MS Office apps would launch due to some obscure error complaining about lack of free disk space (which computer has plenty of). I have absolutely no clue what kind of license this MS Office was. And because the company has gone into the administration, there is no way of getting this information nor installable media. I believe that by buying the hardware I have also acquired the software which I can use as I see fit. Correct me if I'm wrong. Above said, my question would be: What is the easiest way of reinstalling the XP? By easiest I mean avoiding spending my time to prove Microsoft support I've got the right to use the software (insert your computer says noooo joke here) but still being able to get to fresh virgin activated legal state of the XP. I used to work as a sysadmin many years ago so I am not afraid of any technical difficulties. The same question applies to MS Office. I imagine the process would consist of backing up all the data, pulling some bits from the registry and using that on the fresh install. As for reinstall I'd expect to use some sort of OEM Windows repair CD from Dell, right? Are those freely available? My other box (HP) has such a thing and it can't be used on any other brand. I'm sure somebody had to go through this licensing hell and could share his/her tips. Thanks in advance.

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• Squid Proxy: url_regex acl is not working?

  - by bharathi

  I am using squid proxy 3.1 in ubuntu machine. I want to allow only urls matching our pattern through our proxy server. I configured acl like below. Acl for dstdomain is working fine. If i access any url besides .zmedia.com , I got proxy connection refused. But the url_regex is not working. What i am trying here is. Allow only request from ".zmedia.com" domain and the request url should be in "/blog" context. # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 ::1 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 ::1 acl urlwhitelist url_regex -i ^http(s)://([a-zA-Z]+).zmedia.com/blog/.*$ acl allowdomain dstdomain .zmedia.com acl Safe_ports port 80 8080 8500 7272 # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing # should be allowed acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl SSL_ports port 7272 # multiling http acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration: # # Only allow cachemgr access from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager http_access deny !allowdomain http_access allow urlwhitelist http_access allow CONNECT SSL_ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent # web applications running on the proxy server who think the only # one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user #http_access deny to_localhost # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks # from where browsing should be allowed http_access allow localhost # And finally deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all # Squid normally listens to port 3128 http_port 3128 # We recommend you to use at least the following line. hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory. #cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256 # Leave coredumps in the first cache dir coredump_dir /var/spool/squid append_domain .zmedia.com # Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these. refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 Please correct me , If i did anything wrong?

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• How to properly shutdown a Linux VMware Server Host

  - by Mikee

  Hi Everybody: In our lab, we have a server running Ubuntu Linux 8.04.4 x64, with VMware Server 2.1 hosting 4 VM's. I have a major concern with regards to shutting down the host server. Mostly, how do I ensure that the guest VM's are being shut down safely? In the VMware web interface console, I have enabled: "Allow virtual machines to start and stop automatically with the system" I enabled the Default Startup Delay for 15 seconds along with the "Start next VM immediately if the VMware Tools start" option checked I enabled the Default Shutdown Delay with a 60 second shutdown delay and a Shutdown Action of "Shut Down Guest" All VM's have the VMware Tools installed and properly working. All VM's are moved up into the "Specified Order" section of "Startup Order", thus when powering the server back on, all those VM's should start up again in that specified order. When I went to shut down the server, I used the shutdown -h now command. Based on the settings I entered above, I was expecting a 4 minute shutdown, as there is an option to delay the shutdown of each VM by 60 seconds. However, that is not what happened. Instead, the server shutdown in under a minute. When I powered the server back on, only 2 VM's properly loaded. The other 2 showed the following error: "Power on Virtual Machine" failed to complete If these problems problems persist, please contact your system administrator. Details: Cannot open the disk '[location to .vmdk]' or one of the snapshot disks it depends on. Reason: Failed to lock the file. Obviously, if this error occured, then it is clear to me that the VM's were not properly shutdown, or the server powered off before the VM's were completely shutdown. I have fixed the above error by deleting the .lck files in the respective VM directories. How would I know if the VM's were properly shut down? I checked the VMware-server logs, but they only seem to display the logs of when the vmware-mgmt service is running in the current session. I'm mostly running Linux VM's, so is there an easy way to know whether or not a server was properly shut down in Linux? Thank you all for the help!

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• Toshiba Satellite L630 broken after bios update

  - by Mustafa Kamal

  I have Toshiba Satellite L630, which has been broken. It had no more OS installed in it. All the disk partition were cleared into one single empty unformatted partition. So I begin to install windows XP on this laptop. Apparently, win XP's driver support for this laptop is very limited. So I have to find almost all important driver (display, sound, etherned, wireless etc) on the net and install it manually one by one. So I start googling, and I got some driver download page from several Toshiba's website (the global version, the europe, asia, etc). Pretty hard to find the exact drivers, but I managed to find pretty good drivers. It's all works quite fine, although still have a few glitches. But everything turned into a big mess when I downloaded the "BIOS Update", which is also listed on Toshiba's official driver directory site. When I installed it, it show a big red warning sign telling me not to do anything while flashing the BIOS . I follow that instruction prudently. The process was finished, and that update BIOS software (it is InsydeH2O BIOS) told me that the BIOS has been succesfully updated and the computer need to restart. So I restart the computer. This is where the problem appear. I can no longer boot to my laptop. The booting process seems to be able to enter windows for a moment (it shows the windows XP loading screen), and then suddenly it just got that hateful blue screen and then instantiy restarts the machine. It goes on a loop. Boot bios - enter XP - blue screen - restart. I can't even try to reinstall my win XP again. Evertime the machine tries to boot to win XP CD, it got the same blue screen as I gets when loading from HDD. Many google search results said that I should open the laptop cover and try to clear CMOS with some kind of jumper or something. Or to unplug/re-plug the CMOS battery. Do I really need to do that? Is there anyway I could do without disassembling my laptop? I read some tricks about booting from USB device but I can't get the exat tools that I need to do that thing... Btw, this is my detailed laptop number photographed from the back of my laptop

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• Remove DRM from *.pdb e-book that I own - while maintaining footnotes, etc.?

  - by ziesemer

  Background: I've already reviewed Remove DRM from ePub Files? and How can I remove DRM from Kindle books? - the answers to which have already brought me partial process. The challenge is that I have a few purchased *.pdb e-books that I purchased in years past, e.g. 2006. In particular, they were purchased from the palm eBook Store (ebooks.palm.com - now defunct, possibly part of http://www.ereader.com / Barnes & Noble?) - originally for use on a Palm Treo that has since died. Of particular note is that I have a revision / publication of a book that is no longer published, and not available as an e-book from anywhere else that I've been able to find. (I feel fortunate to have even found the *.pdb files on backup.) I have a copy of the electronic invoice for it - which includes the details necessary for unlocking - the "Purchaser's Name" and the "Unlock Code" - which is the digits of my credit card # that I had used to purchase it. Given the above information, I was surprised to be able to open the book using the Windows eReader software and unlock it. Here I am able to view the complete contents and functionality of the book as I had done on the Palm Treo - including viewing of linked annotations / footnotes, etc. Following the full spirit of Remove DRM from ePub Files?, I want to ensure that I can access this on any device of my choosing - especially now and in the future, and as new technologies arrive and disappear. Ideally, I'm just looking to accomplish the minimum necessary to allow import into calibre. Outstanding Issue: I've found a few solutions that have given me "90%" success - all based on various versions of some Python scripts - including versions 0.21 and 0.11 of "erdr2pml.py" (based on "ereader2html"). Unfortunately, unless I'm missing something, these programs are attempting to also "convert" - instead of just "decrypting". As such, the outputs are missing embedded images and/or footnotes. I.E., there is a linked, underlined, and super-scripted "a" after some text - but the content of the footnote no longer exists. I can validate this by inspecting the generated *.pmlz file, and nowhere does it contain the original footnotes that are still visible in the original *.pdb file. I'm hoping to find a process that focuses on the decryption only, instead of attempting any type of a content conversion - or if a content conversion is required / involved, that it maintains all of the features and content of the original. (Again, I'm confident that if/once a version is obtained that calibre can import, I'll be able to fulfill the rest of my requirements.)

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• Enterprise Tape Backup solutions

  - by Tom O'Connor

  I'm currently attempting to re-architect a backup solution where I'm working. We've got 2 NAS devices, one in the office, one in the datacentre. The servers in the DC back up to the DC NAS, which is then replicated to the Office NAS. The office NAS exports shares as CIFS and NFS, this bit is fine. At some point, I'll have to expand our storage capacity, currently we've got about 1.4TB of storage space, which is about 96% full. Previously, the tape backup was a script that ran tar a few times and squirted data onto a tape. It worked, but was by no means a perfect solution. Restores are a bit of a pest, adding new data to the backup requires editing the script as root. It's just all a bit non-ideal. I've been evaluating a number of "enterprise" ready backup solutions, such as Yosemite Backup from Barracuda, Acronis Backup/Restore, and something from Arkeia. In the process of evaluating these, I've found 2 big problems. Not all of them allow backup of mounted devices (such as a NFS mounted NAS) Many of these applications don't like our tape device. For the most part, (1) is essential. Our NAS has a feeble processor and can't run applications like backup agents. I suspect that the biggest problem is the tape device, which is a HP C7438A DAT72 connected via USB. Questions: Has anyone else got an USB DAT72 device working with similar software? Is there a better way to back up data from an "appliance" NAS device on which you can't run an agent? Would I be totally out of my mind to specify a cheap HP or Dell server with a couple of 1TB hard disks, and a SAS card to then talk to an HP Ultrium (or similar) device? The biggest drawback to this would be cost (400ish for the server, 200 for the SAS connectivity and 1700 for a LTO4 device) Notes: I'd love to be able to say that I'd get rid of tapes entirely, and use some form of hard disk backup. In a previous job, we had LaCie USB drives, which were decidedly unreliable.

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• Mounting a drive in Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)

  - by morpheous

  I have just installed Ubuntu on a machine that previously had XP installed on it. The machine has 2 HDD (hard disk drives). I opted to install Ubuntu completely over XP. I am new to Linux, and I am still learning how to navigate teh file structure. However, AFAICT), there is only one drive. I want to be able to store programs etc on the first drive, and store data (program output etc) on the second drive. It appears Ubuntu is not aware that I have 2 drives (on XP, these were drives C and D). How can I mount the second drive (ideally, I want to do this automatically on login, so that the drive is available to me whenever I login - withou manual intervention from me) In XP, I could refer to files on a specific drive by prefixing with the drive letter (e.g. c:\foobar.cpp and d:\foobar.dat). I suspect the notation on ubuntu is different. How may I specify specific files on different drives? Last but notbthe least (a bit unrelated to previous questions). This relates to direcory structure again. I am a developer (C++ for desktops and PHP for websites), I want to install the following apps/ libraries. i). Apache 2.2 ii). PHP 5.2.11 iii). MySQL (5.1) iv). SVN v). Netbeans vi). C++ development tools (gcc, gdb, emacs etc) vii). QT toolkit viii). Some miscellaeous scientific software (e.g. www.r-project.org, www.gnu.org/software/octave/) I would be grateful if a someone can recommend a directory layout for these applications. Regarding development, I would also be grateful if someone could point out where to store my project and source files i.e: (i) *.cpp, *.hpp, *.mak files for cpp projects (ii) individual websites On my XP machine the layout for C++ dev was like this: c:\dev\devtools (common libs and headers etc) c:\dev\workarea (root folder for projects) c:\dev\workarea\c++ (c++ projects) c:\dev\workarea\websites (web projects) I would like to create a similar folder structure on the linux machine, but its not clear whether to place these folders under /, /usr, /home or swomewhere else (there seems to be abffling number of choices, so I want to get it "right" first time - i.e having a directory structure that most developer use, so it is easier when communicating with other ubuntu/linux developers)

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• Creating a USB stick for installing centos 6.x using DVD1 and DVD2 iso files

  - by user250563

  First, we create 2 partitions on the USB stick that is let's say 16GB. first partition is let's say only 1GB and the second partition is the rest of what is available. after we "w" write the changes, the USB now has 2 partitions. 1 is 1GB 1 is more than 14GB so , we have... sdb1 and sdb2 now. now we need to turn these partitions into filesystems some say i should run these commands after those procedures. mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdb1 mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2 but some web pages recommend using: mkfs.vfat -n BOOT /dev/sdb1 mkfs.ext2 -m 0 -b 4096 -L DATA /dev/sdb2 which is it? so let's say the DVDs are called: CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso so we make a directory: mkdir -p /mnt/dvd1 and then mount it: mount -o loop CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/dvd1 and i suppose we don't make a directory for dvd2 and we don't have to mount it ? at this point i do not know what should be done. but i think this step might be next: we make the USB bootable by finding the file named mbr.bin and then moving it to there via these commnad. dd conv=notrunc bs=440 count=1 if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sdb parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on in other words we are "dd-ing it to 'sdb' not sdb1' or 'sdb2'. and then we use parted to set the boot to on for sdb so far everything looks good? here is the confusing parts.. how exactly do i move these iso files to the usb drive? EVERYTHING BELOW IS A GUESS. so at this point i should copy the folder /mnt/dvd1/isolinux to usb's sdb1 or sdb2 ? rename it to syslinux ? and then inside this syslinux folder there will be a file called... isolinux.cfg ? which should be renamed to syslinux.cfg ? and then copy the contents of /mnt/dvd1/images/* to USB's sdb2 ? but i think i am also suppose to copy and paste the both CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso somewhere into this USB's sdb2 partition, correct ? almost like a drag and drop kind of a thing? or do they go into any folders ? centos' own web site has some instructions but those instructions do not work. http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/InstallFromUSBkey i once got this working but things got ruined, i have to do it again and this time take notes.

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• Windows: Impact of clean install Service Pack 2 to applications & data?

  - by Thomas Matthews

  My Windows Vista Home Premium system is corrupt and won't install Service Pack 2. I have followed all the advice from Microsoft and still no luck. I would like to perform a clean install of Vista, then SP1, and then SP2. My concern is the effect of the clean install on the registry, my apps and all my data. My plan: 1. Download Vista Service Pack 1 (SP1) ISO and write to DVD. 2. Download Vista Service Pack 2 (SP2) ISO and write to DVD. 3. Backup all data, applications and registry to external hard drive (file copy not disk image) 4. ?? Format hard drive?? (is this necessary?) 5. Install Vista from DVDs / CDs. 6. Install SP1 from DVD 7. Install SP2 from DVD 8. Restore registry, applications and data from external hard drive. My questions: 1. Is formatting the hard drive a necessary step? 2. Will restoring the registry from the backup corrupt the system? 3. Should I use Windows Backup or ZIP/RAR? 4. Any gotcha's that I should look out for? Background: I am using Windows Vista Home Premium with SP1. The sfc program does not finish due to a resources problem (even when run as administrator). I have 5 users on it. After a while, the screen goes black and shows an error message window about an error with login.scr. Standard accounts display a black screen and can't run any applications. Administrative accounts have no problems (even standard accounts when converted to Administrative have no problem). The CBS log contains a lot of 0x8000ffff and E_UNEXPECTED errors (which Microsoft defines as catastrophic failure). This is the reasoning behind performing a clean install up to service pack 2.

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• Are file access times not properly maintained in Mac OS X?

  - by Ether

  I'm trying to determine how file access times are maintained by default in Mac OS X, as I'm trying to diagnose some odd behaviour I'm seeing in a new MBP Unibody (running Snow Leopard, 10.6.2): The symptoms (drilling down to the specific behaviour that seems to be causing the issue): mutt is unable to switch to mailboxes which have recently received new mail mail is delivered by procmail, which updates the mtime of the mbox folder it is updating, but does not alter the atime (this is how new mail detection works: by comparing atime to mtime) however, both the mtime and atime of the mbox file is getting updated Through testing, it does not appear that atimes can be set separately in the filesystem: : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch test : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch -m -t 200801010000 test2 : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch -a -t 200801010000 test3 : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -l test* -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:42 test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Jan 1 2008 test2 -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:43 test3 : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -lu test* -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:42 test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:43 test2 -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:43 test3 The test2 file is created with an old mtime, and the atime is set to now (as it is a new file), which is correct. However, test3 is created with an old atime, but is not set properly on the file. To be sure this is not just behaviour seen with new files, let's modify an old file: : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch -a -t 200801010000 test : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -l test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:42 test : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -lu test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:45 test So it would seem that atimes cannot be set explicitly (it is always reset to "now" when either mtime or atime modifications are submitted). Is this something inherent to the filesystem itself, is it something that can be changed, or am I totally crazy and looking in the wrong place? PS. the output of mount is: : [ether@tequila ~]$; mount /dev/disk0s2 on / (hfs, local, journaled) devfs on /dev (devfs, local, nobrowse) map -hosts on /net (autofs, nosuid, automounted, nobrowse) map auto_home on /home (autofs, automounted, nobrowse) ...and Disk Utility says that the drive is of type "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)".

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• Backing Up vs. Redundancy

  - by TK Kocheran

  I'm currently in stage 2 of 3 of building my home workstation. What this means is that my RAID-0 array of solid state disks will be backed up nightly to a RAID-5 or RAID-6 array of traditional spinning hard disks. However, it recently dawned on me that redundancy is not backup. The main reason for setting up a RAID array with redundancy was to protect myself in the event of a drive failure to serve as an effective backup solution. Wait. What if a bolt of lightning finds a way to travel into my house, through my surge-protector, into my power supply and physically destroys all of my hard disks and SSDs? Well, in that case, I guess I'd be fine because I generally keep most important files (music, pictures, videos) stored in multiple places like on my laptop, my wife's laptop, and an encrypted USB hard drive. Wait. What if a giant hedgehog meteor attacks my house from space traveling at mach 3 and all machines and hard disks are blown to smithereens. Well, I guess I could find a way to do ridiculously slow and cumbersome rsyncs or backups to Amazon's Glacier. Wait. What if there's a nuclear apocalypse... and at this point I start laughing hysterically. At what point does backing up become irrelevant? I completely understand situation one (mechanical drive failure), situation two (workstation compromised or destroyed somehow), possibly even situation three (all machines and disks destroyed), but situation four? There's no questioning the need for backups. None. However, there are three questions I'd really like addressed: To what level should one backup? I definitely understand the merits of physical disk redundancy. I also believe in keeping important files on multiple machines and thinning out the possibility of losing all of my files. Online backups make sense, but they beg the following question. What should I be backing up remotely and how often? It's no problem storage-wise to back up important files (music, pictures, videos) and even configuration and temporal data for all of the machines in my network (all Linux based)... albeit locally. Transferring to the cloud is another story. Worst-case scenario, if I lost all of my configuration for my individual computers, the reality is that I probably lost the machines too. The cloud is a long way away from here; I can run backups over CAT-6 here and see 100MB/s easily, but I'm afraid that I'm only going to see 2MB/s at best when transferring up to the cloud.

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• IE and Google Chrome timeout on an IIS6 hosted SSL page that Firefox handles well.

  - by Thomas

  Ok, here's the scenario: Up until a few weeks ago, none of us noticed anything wrong with the corporate website. People were using it without complaint. Then, a client complained that a specific page on the site was timing out for him, and only when he committed a POST action on a form filled with data. I checked it out, and it timed out for me, too. But, it only timed out in Google Chrome and IE, not in Firefox. Additionally, the same page, on the same server, but served from a different domain name (one not under the protection of SSL, either) does not time out under any browser. To clarify: https://www.mysite.com/changes.php times out on POST, but the same with http works fine. That distinction (SSL vs. Non-SSL) seems to be important, as nothing else has changed. Our certificate is valid, and Firefox detects no errors thrown by the page. I've looked at the Request and Response headers from the page, and they all follow the correct formats. Then, after wandering through the site, I noticed a few other things. Both IE and Chrome will frequently time out on any page that is PHP-based. They never time out on static images or html files. I've looked at the site from a variety of different servers, my home and work workstations, and my netbook. Because of that, I've discounted a viral infection, as I highly doubt a virus is going to hit every one of the machines to which I have access in exactly the same manner. My setup is: Server: Win2k3, II6, PHP 5.2.9-1. Clients: IE7, IE8, Chrome (regular and dev channel): Frequent timeouts on PHP pages. Firefox 2, Firefox 3: No timeouts. Firebug shows no errors or even lengthy periods serving the pages. I've spent 2 days searching for any tech knowledge that I can find, and my search parameters are all too general. Everyone has problems loading SSL pages in IE and Chrome for a wide variety of reasons. The infrequent nature of the timeouts and the fact that there are no errors being reported anywhere is starting to drive me insane. Does anyone have any insight on a problem like this?

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• Bash-Scripting - Munin Plugin don't work

  - by FTV Admin

  i have written a munin-plugin to count the http-statuscodes of lighttpd. The script: #!/bin/bash ###################################### # Munin-Script: Lighttpd-Statuscodes # ###################################### ##Config # path to lighttpd access.log LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH="/var/log/lighttpd/access.log" # rows to parse in logfile (higher value incrase time to run plugin. if value to low you may get bad counting) LOG_ROWS="200000" # #munin case $1 in autoconf) # check config AVAILABLE=`ls $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH` if [ "$AVAILABLE" = "$LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH" ]; then echo "yes" else echo "No: "$AVAILABLE echo "Please check your config!" fi exit 0;; config) # graph config cat <<'EOM' graph_title Lighhtpd Statuscodes graph_vlabel http-statuscodes / min graph_category lighttpd 1xx.label 1xx 2xx.label 2xx 3xx.label 3xx 4xx.label 4xx 5xx.label 5xx EOM exit 0;; esac ## calculate AVAILABLE=`ls $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH` if [ "$AVAILABLE" = "$LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH" ]; then TIME_NOW=`date` CODE_1xx="0" CODE_2xx="0" CODE_3xx="0" CODE_4xx="0" CODE_5xx="0" for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do TIME5=`date +%d/%b/%Y:%k:%M --date "$TIME_NOW -"$i"min"` CODE_1xx=$(( $CODE_1xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 1' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_2xx=$(( $CODE_2xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 2' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_3xx=$(( $CODE_3xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 3' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_4xx=$(( $CODE_4xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 4' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_5xx=$(( $CODE_5xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 5' | grep -c " "` )) done CODE_1xx=$(( $CODE_1xx / 5 )) CODE_2xx=$(( $CODE_2xx / 5 )) CODE_3xx=$(( $CODE_3xx / 5 )) CODE_4xx=$(( $CODE_4xx / 5 )) CODE_5xx=$(( $CODE_5xx / 5 )) echo "1xx.value "$CODE_1xx echo "2xx.value "$CODE_2xx echo "3xx.value "$CODE_3xx echo "4xx.value "$CODE_4xx echo "5xx.value "$CODE_5xx else echo "1xx.value U" echo "2xx.value U" echo "3xx.value U" echo "4xx.value U" echo "5xx.value U" fi If i run the script on local machine it runs perfectly: root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins # ll lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 45 2011-12-19 15:23 lighttpd_statuscodes -> /usr/share/munin/plugins/lighttpd_statuscodes* root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins # ./lighttpd_statuscodes autoconf yes root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins # ./lighttpd_statuscodes config graph_title Lighhtpd Statuscodes graph_vlabel http-statuscodes / min graph_category lighttpd 1xx.label 1xx 2xx.label 2xx 3xx.label 3xx 4xx.label 4xx 5xx.label 5xx root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins #./lighttpd_statuscodes 1xx.value 0 2xx.value 5834 3xx.value 1892 4xx.value 0 5xx.value 0 But Munin shows no graph: http://s1.directupload.net/images/111219/3psgq3vb.jpg I have tested the Plugin from munin-server via telnet: root@munin-server /etc/munin/plugins/ # telnet 123.123.123.123 4949 Trying 123.123.123.123... Connected to 123.123.123.123. Escape character is '^]'. # munin node at server1.cluster1 fetch lighttpd_statuscodes 1xx.value U 2xx.value U 3xx.value U 4xx.value U 5xx.value U . Connection closed by foreign host. You can see in the script that value = U only printed, when the script can't check the lighttpd's access.log. But why can't script do it, when running via munin, and when running on local machine all is ok? Is there a bug in my bash-script? I have no Idea. Thanks for helping!

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• Varnish, hide port number

  - by George Reith

  My set up is as follows: OS: CentOS 6.2 running on an OpenVZ virtual machine. Web server: Nginx listening on port 8080 Reverse proxy: Varnish listening on port 80 The problem is that Varnish redirects my requests to port 8080 and this appears in the address bar like so http://mysite.com:8080/directory/, causing relative links on the site to include the port number (8080) in the request and thus bypassing Varnish. The site is powered by WordPress. How do I allow Varnish to use Nginx as the backend on port 8080 without appending the port number to the address? Edit: Varnish is set up like so: I have told the Varnish daemon to listen to port 80 by default. VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl # # # Default address and port to bind to # # Blank address means all IPv4 and IPv6 interfaces, otherwise specify # # a host name, an IPv4 dotted quad, or an IPv6 address in brackets. # VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS= VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 # # # Telnet admin interface listen address and port VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082 # # # Shared secret file for admin interface VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret # # # The minimum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MIN_THREADS=1 # # # The Maximum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MAX_THREADS=1000 # # # Idle timeout for worker threads VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT=120 # # # Cache file location VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin # # # Cache file size: in bytes, optionally using k / M / G / T suffix, # # or in percentage of available disk space using the % suffix. VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=1G # # # Backend storage specification VARNISH_STORAGE="file,${VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE},${VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE}" # # # Default TTL used when the backend does not specify one VARNISH_TTL=120 The VCL file that Varnish calls (through an include in default.vcl) consists of: backend playwithbits { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8080"; } acl purge { "127.0.0.1"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { set req.backend = playwithbits; set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, ":[0-9]+", ""); if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } return(lookup); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_hit { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { set obj.ttl = 0s; error 200 "Purged."; } } } sub vcl_miss { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { error 404 "Not in cache."; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset req.http.cookie; } if (req.url ~ "^/[^?]+.(jpeg|jpg|png|gif|ico|js|css|txt|gz|zip|lzma|bz2|tgz|tbz|html|htm)(\?.|)$") { unset req.http.cookie; set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?.$", ""); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_fetch { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } } }

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• Configuring gmail for use on mailing lists

  - by reemrevnivek

  This is really two questions in one. First, are nettiquette guidelines still accurate in their restrictions on ASCII vs. HTML, posting style, and line length? (Here's a recent metafilter discussion of the topic.) Second, If they are not, should these guidelines be respected? If they are (or if they should still be respected), how can modern mail programs be configured to work properly with them? Most mailing list etiquette statements appear to have been written by sysadmins who loved their command lines, and refuse to change anything. Many still reference rfc1855, written in 1995. Just reading that paginated TXT should give you an idea of the climate at the time. Here's a short, fairly random list of mailing list etiquette statements with some extracted formatting guidelines: Mozilla - HTML discouraged, interleaved posting. FreeBSD - No HTML, don't top post, line length at 75 characters. Fedora - No HTML, bottom-post. You get the idea. You've all seen etiquette statements before. So, assuming that the rules should be obeyed (Usually a good idea), what can be done to allow me to still use a modern mail program, and exchange mail with friends who use the same programs? We like to format our mail. Bold headings, code snippets (sometimes syntax highlighted, if the copy-paste pulls RTF text as from XCOde and Eclipse), free line breaks determined by your browser width, and the (very) occasional image make the message easier to read. Threaded conversations are a wonderful thing. Broadband connections are, I'm sure, the rule for most of the users of SU and of developer mailing lists, disk space is cheap, and so the overhead of HTML is laughable. However, I don't want to post a question to a mailing list and have the guru who can answer my question automatically delete it, or come off as uncaring. Until I hear otherwise, I'll continue to respect the rules as best I can. For a common example of the problem, Gmail, by default, sends HTML formatted messages with bottom-posted quotes (which are folded in, just read the last message immediately above), and uses the frame width to wrap lines, rather than a character count. ASCII can be selected, and quotes can be moved and reversed, but line wraps of quotes don't work, line breaks are tedious to add (and more tedious to read, if they're super small in comparison to the width of the frame). Is there a forwarding, free mail program which can help with this exercise? Should an "RFC1855 mode" lab be written? Or do I have to go to the command line for my mailing lists, and gmail for my other mail?

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• How to bind old user's SID to new user to remain NTFS file ownership and permissions after freshly reinstall of Windows?

  - by LiuYan ??

  Each time we reinstalled Windows, it will create a new SID for user even the username is as same as before. // example (not real SID format, just show the problem) user SID -------------------- liuyan S-old-501 // old SID before reinstall liuyan S-new-501 // new SID after reinstall The annoying problem after reinstall is NTFS file owership and permissions on hard drive disk are still associated with old user's SID. I want to keep the ownership and permission setting of NTFS files, then want to let the new user take the old user's SID, so that I can access files as before without permission problem. The cacls command line tool can't be used in such situation, because the file does belongs to new user, so it will failed with Access is denied error. and it can't change ownership. Even if I can change the owership via SubInACL tool, cacls can't remove the old user's permission because the old user does not exist on new installation, and can't copy the old user's permission to new user. So, can we simply bind old user's SID to new user on the freshly installed Windows ? Sample test batch @echo off REM Additional tools used in this script REM PsGetSid http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897417 REM SubInACL http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23510 REM REM make sure these tools are added into PATH set account=MyUserAccount set password=long-password set dir=test set file=test.txt echo Creating user [%account%] with password [%password%]... pause net user %account% %password% /add psgetsid %account% echo Done ! echo Making directory [%dir%] ... pause mkdir %dir% dir %dir%* /q echo Done ! echo Changing permissions of directory [%dir%]: only [%account%] and [%UserDomain%\%UserName%] has full access permission... pause cacls %dir% /G %account%:F cacls %dir% /E /G %UserDomain%\%UserName%:F dir %dir%* /q cacls %dir% echo Done ! echo Changing ownership of directory [%dir%] to [%account%]... pause subinacl /file %dir% /setowner=%account% dir %dir%* /q echo Done ! echo RunAs [%account%] user to write a file [%file%] in directory [%dir%]... pause runas /noprofile /env /user:%account% "cmd /k echo some text %DATE% %TIME% > %dir%\%file%" dir %dir% /q echo Done ! echo Deleting and Recreating user [%account%] (reinstall simulation) ... pause net user %account% /delete net user %account% %password% /add psgetsid %account% echo Done ! %account% is recreated, it has a new SID now echo Now, use this "same" account [%account%] to access [%dir%], it will failed with "Access is denied" pause runas /noprofile /env /user:%account% "cmd /k cacls %dir%" REM runas /noprofile /env /user:%account% "cmd /k type %dir%\%file%" echo Done ! echo Changing ownership of directory [%dir%] to NEW [%account%]... pause subinacl /file %dir% /setowner=%account% dir %dir%* /q cacls %dir% echo Done ! As you can see, "Account Domain not found" is actually the OLD [%account%] user echo Deleting user [%account%] ... pause net user %account% /delete echo Done ! echo Deleting directory [%dir%]... pause rmdir %dir% /s /q echo Done !

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• Debugging IO limitation

  - by Martin F

  I have a Fedora box with some severe IO limitations which I have no idea how to debug. The server has a Areca Technology Corp. ARC-1130 12-Port PCI-X to SATA RAID Controller with 12 7200 RPM 1.5 TB disks and a Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8050 PCI-E ASF Gigabit Ethernet Controller. uname -a output: 2.6.32.11-99.fc12.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Apr 5 19:59:38 UTC 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux The server is a file server running Nginx with the stub status module enabled, so I can see the current amount of connections. The problem present itself when I have a high number of simultaneous connections in a writing state. Usually around 350, at this very moment it's at 590 and the server is almost unusable and stuck at 230mbit/s. If I run stop and hit 1 to see CPU core usages I have all 4 cores with around 99% io wait, if I run iotop the nginx workers are the only processes producing any read load, currently at around 25MB/s. I have each of the workers bound to their own core. Initially I figured it was just the disks being bugged. But I've run fscheck and smartmontools checks and found no errors. I also ran an iozone test which you can see the result of here: http://www.pastie.org/951667.txt?key=fimcvljulnuqy2dcdxa Additionally, when the amount of connections are low I have no problem getting a good speed. If I wget over the local network it easily hits 60MB/sec. Right now I just tried putting a file in /dev/shm, then I symlinked a file from the public dir to it and used wget over the local network and only got 50KB/s. Also, if I try to cp /dev/shm/test /root/test it quickly copies around 740MB and then slows down HEAVILY. Again with iotop reporting 99% iowait. I'm not really sure how to go about figuring out what the problems are. It could be a natural disk limitation but then the file from /dev/shm ought to transfer so it seems there's a network limit, but that's fine when there's not many connections. Perhaps it's a TCP stack problem but I really have no idea how to check that. Any suggestions on how to proceed with debugging would be very welcome. If additional information is required then let me know and I'll try to get it. Thanks.

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• Fast user switching suddenly stopped working on my Windows XP Prof machine

  - by John

  When I start Win XP SP2 I get to the welcome screen with no user names displayed. I then press Alt+Ctrl+Del twice and type in the username and then am able to login to Windows. When I go to user accounts in Control Panel I get the error message cells.item(...) is null or not an object. When I go to computer administration and then local users and groups there are no users listed under users but the groups is listed. I did a windows repair with no luck. I tried doing restore points but it said they didn’t work. Please help? My wife and I have been using fast user switching on out computer for years with no problem. Beginning a few months ago, I started Win XP Prof one day I get to the welcome screen with no user names displayed. I then press Alt+Ctrl+Del twice and type in the username and then am able to login to Windows with an account of owner. When I go to user accounts in Control Panel I get the error message cells.item(...) is null or not an object. When I go to computer administration and then local users and groups there are no users listed under users but the groups are listed. I have done system point restores and imports of exports of the registry I take with import. I have tried everything under safe mode and it makes no difference. This followed a Microsoft update the night before as I left the computer on. I tried to do a restore point but all my restore points failed and could not backout the MS updates. I was working with a fellow from Microsoft and he had me do all kinds of things but to no avail. He seems to think a DLL file is corrupt but which one? Finally in desperation he sent me a new OS XP Prof SP3 disk and I installed it and it wiped my hard drive. Luckily I took an Acronis Image backup first so I easily restored my system. I do not want to do a fresh windows update as it is heavily customized and worked fine up to that point. This has been going on for months, Thanks John

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• Further Performance Tuning on Medium SharePoint Farm?

  - by elorg

  I figured I would post this here, since it may be related more to the server configuration than the SharePoint configuration or a combination of both? I'm open for ideas to try, or even feedback on things that maybe have been configured incorrectly as far as performance is concerned. We have a medium MOSS 2007 install prepped and ready for receiving the WSS 2003 data to upgrade. The environment was originally architected by a previous coworker, and I have since added a few configuration modifications to assist with performance before we finally performed the install. When testing the new site collections & SharePoint install (no actual data yet), things seemed a bit slow. I had assumed that it was because I was accessing it remotely. Apparently the client is still experiencing this and it is unacceptably slow. 1 SQL Server running SQL Server 2008 2x SharePoint WFEs - hosting queries (no index) 1x SharePoint Index - hosting index (no queries) MOSS 2007 installed and patched up through December '09 on WFEs & Index All 4 servers are VMs, should have more than sufficient disk space & RAM (don't recall at the moment), and are running Windows Server 2008 - everything is 64-bit. The WFEs have Windows NLB configured, with a DNS name & IP for the NLB cluster. Single NIC on each server (virtual, since VMWare). The Index server is configured as a WFE (outside of the NLB cluster) so that it can index itself and replicate the indexes to the WFEs that will serve the queries. Everything is configured & working properly - it just takes a minute or two to load a page on the local LAN. The client is still using their old portal (we haven't started the migration/upgrade just yet) so there's virtually no data or users. We need to either further tune the configuration, or fix anything that may have been configured incorrectly which is causing this slowness? I've already reviewed & taken into account everything that I could find that was relevant before we even started the install. Does anyone have ideas or pointers? Perhaps there's something that I've missed?

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• Vagrant - Failed login, ssh not set up

  - by motleydev

  This question is two fold because somewhere in my attempts to solve the problem, I created a new one. First: I was trying to vagrant up using a Vagranfile based on the standard hashicorp/precise32 box. Everything worked up until default: SSH auth method: private key where it would eventually time out. Enabling gui in the Vagrantfile showed that the machine never actually logs in. I can use the standard user/pass and log in from that point but the vagrant up process still remains at that prior status. Here's where my understanding might be a little dim. I've tried setting auth method from the insecure_pass_key to my root ~/.ssh/id_rsa or whichever one I wanted to use. I'm not entirely sure where to put a copy of the public key or my authorized keys file. I've got a .vagrant.d folder in my user dir (I'm on OSX) which seems to contain the box images. I've got a .vagrant folder in my directory with the Vagrantfile which seems to contain the specific machine I am building off of. I've tried pouring over the docs and forums but I seem to be missing a key concept here. And Now: After a host of tips/tricks such as rolling back by VirtualBox install, uninstalling/reinstalling Vagrant and VritualBox several times, when I try to run vagrant ssh-config with a Vagrantfile based on the same hashicorp/precise32 it says that the box is not enabled for SSH. Specifically, this error: The provider for this Vagrant-managed machine is reporting that it is not yet ready for SSH. Depending on your provider this can carry different meanings. Make sure your machine is created and running and try again. Additionally, check the output of `vagrant status` to verify that the machine is in the state that you expect. If you continue to get this error message, please view the documentation for the provider you're using. So now I am slightly up a creek. Any help would be appreciated if not just clarifying a concept. Some pertinent info: I'm on OSX Maverics Due to the fact I'm running a dual HD system with system files on one HD and user files on another, my permissions are a little wonky and VBoxManage will only let me run commands via Sudo - not sure if it's pertinent - but maybe. I have no idea what I'm doing. That part is perhaps more important.

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• High I/O latency with software RAID, LUKS encrypted and LVM partitioned KVM setup

  - by aef

  I found out a performance problems with a Mumble server, which I described in a previous question are caused by an I/O latency problem of unknown origin. As I have no idea what is causing this and how to further debug it, I'm asking for your ideas on the topic. I'm running a Hetzner EX4S root server as KVM hypervisor. The server is running Debian Wheezy Beta 4 and KVM virtualisation is utilized through LibVirt. The server has two different 3TB hard drives as one of the hard drives was replaced after S.M.A.R.T. errors were reported. The first hard disk is a Seagate Barracuda XT ST33000651AS (512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical sector size), the other one a Seagate Barracuda 7200.14 (AF) ST3000DM001-9YN166 (512 bytes logical and physical sector size). There are two Linux software RAID1 devices. One for the unencrypted boot partition and one as container for the encrypted rest, using both hard drives. Inside the latter RAID device lies an AES encrypted LUKS container. Inside the LUKS container there is a LVM physical volume. The hypervisor's VFS is split on three logical volumes on the described LVM physical volume: one for /, one for /home and one for swap. Here is a diagram of the block device configuration stack: sda (Physical HDD) - md0 (RAID1) - md1 (RAID1) sdb (Physical HDD) - md0 (RAID1) - md1 (RAID1) md0 (Boot RAID) - ext4 (/boot) md1 (Data RAID) - LUKS container - LVM Physical volume - LVM volume hypervisor-root - LVM volume hypervisor-home - LVM volume hypervisor-swap - … (Virtual machine volumes) The guest systems (virtual machines) are mostly running Debian Wheezy Beta 4 too. We have one additional Ubuntu Precise instance. They get their block devices from the LVM physical volume, too. The volumes are accessed through Virtio drivers in native writethrough mode. The IO scheduler (elevator) on both the hypervisor and the guest system is set to deadline instead of the default cfs as that happened to be the most performant setup according to our bonnie++ test series. The I/O latency problem is experienced not only inside the guest systems but is also affecting services running on the hypervisor system itself. The setup seems complex, but I'm sure that not the basic structure causes the latency problems, as my previous server ran four years with almost the same basic setup, without any of the performance problems. On the old setup the following things were different: Debian Lenny was the OS for both hypervisor and almost all guests Xen software virtualisation (therefore no Virtio, also) no LibVirt management Different hard drives, each 1.5TB in size (one of them was a Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 ST31500341AS, the other one I can't tell anymore) We had no IPv6 connectivity Neither in the hypervisor nor in guests we had noticable I/O latency problems According the the datasheets, the current hard drives and the one of the old machine have an average latency of 4.12ms.

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• Splunk is fantastically expensive: What are the alternatives? [closed]

  - by samsmith

  Possible Duplicate: Alternatives to Splunk? This has been discussed, but it has been several months, so it may be time to revisit it: Earlier discussion RE Splunk alternatives For the record, Splunk rocks. But the pricing is simply beyond what we can consider (When I spoke with Splunk today, the cost for a system to index 5gb/day of data is over $30,000.) That is more than we spend on SQL Server (by a large multiple), more than we spend on a rack of servers (by a multiple), etc. etc. The splunk sales team is correct (that for $30K we get more value and functionality than if we spend the same building our own system), but it doesn't matter. The splunk cost is simply too high (by a multiple). Soooooo, we are looking around! Is anyone out there building a splunk like system? Our basic need: Able to listen for syslog messages on multiple udp ports Able to index the incoming data in an async way Some kind of search engine Some kind of UI An API to the search engine (to embed in our console) We currently need to index 3-5gb/day, but need to be able to scale to 10gb/day or more. We do not need a lot of history (30 days is fine). We use Windows 2008 and 2003 servers. Thanks for your thoughts! UPDATE: We spent two weeks researching commercial and open source options. Our conclusion: Write our own (we are a software company... we know how to write things). We built a great system built on mongodb and .NET that gives us the functions we needed from MongoDB in about one engineering week. We have now completed our implementation. We use two Mongodb servers (master and slave), and are able to log and index any amount of log data (5gb/day, 15gb/day, etc), limited only by disk space. OBSERVATIONS: This space needs a solid solution that is $1000-3000 flat rate. The licensing models used by the commercial firms are based on a "milk the data center ops guys" models. That is their right (of course!), but it leaves a HUGE space open for someone to come in underneath them. My guess is that in another year or two there will be a good open source solution that will be really usable. Thank you all for your input (even if it was self promotion).

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• USB Flash not recognised by Windows and BIOS, but works fine in Linux

  - by bbalegere

  I have a Transcend JetFLash 2GB USB Drive.It was working fine and I had been using it occasionally. All of sudden it stopped working in all versions of Windows . The USB Drive is also not recognised by the BIOS.It does not show in the list of bootable devices.(It used show up in the list earlier) However the USB Drive works fine in my Linux Mint 11 OS. Running dmesg gives this [ 941.812192] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4 [ 941.936178] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.164188] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.380189] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 [ 942.504138] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.732179] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.948154] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 [ 943.364134] usb 1-2: device not accepting address 6, error -71 [ 943.476172] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 [ 943.892140] usb 1-2: device not accepting address 7, error -71 [ 943.892191] hub 1-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 944.296190] usb 2-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 3 [ 944.438251] usb 2-2: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub [ 944.709928] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas [ 944.729999] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... [ 944.730509] scsi6 : usb-storage 2-2:1.0 [ 944.730908] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 944.730917] USB Mass Storage support registered. [ 945.736320] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access JetFlash Transcend 2GB 8.07 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 [ 945.744547] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0 [ 945.753316] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 3944448 512-byte logical blocks: (2.01 GB/1.88 GiB) [ 945.758274] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 945.758288] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00 [ 945.765167] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 945.765181] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 945.784309] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 945.784323] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 946.239512] sdb: sdb1 [ 946.257279] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 946.257292] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 946.257302] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk Looks like there is something wrong the USB Drive.It is not recognised in any computer running Windows. Is there any way to fix this? Any idea why this problem occurred ?

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