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  • Image Gurus: Optimize my Python PNG transparency function

    - by ozone
    I need to replace all the white(ish) pixels in a PNG image with alpha transparency. I'm using Python in AppEngine and so do not have access to libraries like PIL, imagemagick etc. AppEngine does have an image library, but is pitched mainly at image resizing. I found the excellent little pyPNG module and managed to knock up a little function that does what I need: make_transparent.py pseudo-code for the main loop would be something like: for each pixel: if pixel looks "quite white": set pixel values to transparent otherwise: keep existing pixel values and (assuming 8bit values) "quite white" would be: where each r,g,b value is greater than "240" AND each r,g,b value is within "20" of each other This is the first time I've worked with raw pixel data in this way, and although works, it also performs extremely poorly. It seems like there must be a more efficient way of processing the data without iterating over each pixel in this manner? (Matrices?) I was hoping someone with more experience in dealing with these things might be able to point out some of my more obvious mistakes/improvements in my algorithm. Thanks!

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  • ActionListener isn't Implementing

    - by Nick Gibson
    JFrameWithPanel is not abstract and does not override abstract method actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent) in java.awt.event.ActionListener public class JFrameWithPanel extends JFrame implements ActionListener I Don't get this code. Book and Java site tells me this is the syntax for the method, but again this error shows up constantly. import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.lang.Math.*; import java.lang.Integer.*; import java.util.*; import java.util.Random; import java.io.*; import java.text.*; import java.text.DecimalFormat.*; public class JFrameWithPanel extends JFrame implements ActionListener { JButton button = new JButton("Exit"); public JFrameWithPanel() { super("JFrame with Panel"); JComboBox packageChoice = new JComboBox(); packageChoice.addItem("A+ Certification"); packageChoice.addItem("Network+ Certification "); packageChoice.addItem("Security+ Certifictation"); packageChoice.addItem("CIT Full Test Package"); packageChoice.addActionListener(this); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JPanel pane = new JPanel(); pane.add(button); pane.add(packageChoice); setContentPane(pane); setSize(200,100); setVisible(true); } } then later public class CreateJFrameWithPanel { public static void main(String[] args) { JFrameWithPanel panel = new JFrameWithPanel(); } }

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  • Interview question : What is the fastest way to generate prime number recursively ?

    - by hilal
    Generation of prime number is simple but what is the fastest way to find it and generate( prime numbers) it recursively ? Here is my solution. However, it is not the best way. I think it is O(N*sqrt(N)). Please correct me, if I am wrong. public static boolean isPrime(int n) { if (n < 2) { return false; } else if (n % 2 == 0 & n != 2) { return false; } else { return isPrime(n, (int) Math.sqrt(n)); } } private static boolean isPrime(int n, int i) { if (i < 2) { return true; } else if (n % i == 0) { return false; } else { return isPrime(n, --i); } } public static void generatePrimes(int n){ if(n < 2) { return ; } else if(isPrime(n)) { System.out.println(n); } generatePrimes(--n); } public static void main(String[] args) { generatePrimes(200); }

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  • Computing the scalar product of two vectors in C++

    - by HowardRoark
    I am trying to write a program with a function double_product(vector<double> a, vector<double> b) that computes the scalar product of two vectors. The scalar product is $a_{0}b_{0}+a_{1}b_{1}+...+a_{n-1}b_{n-1}$. Here is what I have. It is a mess, but I am trying! #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; class Scalar_product { public: Scalar_product(vector<double> a, vector<double> b); }; double scalar_product(vector<double> a, vector<double> b) { double product = 0; for (int i = 0; i <= a.size()-1; i++) for (int i = 0; i <= b.size()-1; i++) product = product + (a[i])*(b[i]); return product; } int main() { cout << product << endl; return 0; }

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  • Mongodb, linq driver. How to construct Contains with variable or statements

    - by Syska
    I'm using the LINQ Driver for C#, works great. Sorting a lot of properties but heres a problem I can't solve, its probebly simple. var identifierList = new []{"10", "20", "30"}; var newList = list.Where(x => identifierList.Contains(x.Identifier)); This is NOT supported ... So I could do something like: var newList = list.Where(x => x.Identifier == "10" || x.Identifier == "20" || x.Identifier == "30"); But since the list is variable ... how do I construct the above? Or are there even better alternatives? The list is of type IQueryable<MyCustomClass> For information ... this is used as a filter of alot of properties. In SQL I could have a parent - child relationship. But as I can't as the parent for the main ID I need to take all the ID's out and then construct it like this. Hopes this makes sense. If needed I will explain more.

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  • c++ STL vector is not acccepting the copy constructor

    - by prabhakaran
    I wrote a code ( c++,visual studio 2010) which is having a vector, even I though copy const is declared, but is still showing that copy const is not declared Here the code #include<iostream> #include<vector> using namespace std; class A { public: A(){cout << "Default A is acting" << endl ;} A(A &a){cout << "Copy Constructor of A is acting" << endl ;} }; int main() { A a; A b=a; vector<A> nothing; nothing.push_back(a); int n; cin >> n; } The error I got is Error 1 error C2558: class 'A' : no copy constructor available or copy constructor is declared 'explicit' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xmemory 48 1 delete Anybody please help me

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  • An array problem in C++

    - by manugupt1
    To access the array indice at the xth position we can use some sort of illustration as shown below #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ float i[20]; for(int j=0;j<=20;j++) i[j]=0; } However the following piece of code does not work #include<iostream> using namespace std; float oldrand[55]; int jrand; void advance_random(){ int j1; float new_random; for(j1=0;j1<=23;j1++){ int temp = j1+30; new_random = (oldrand[j1]) - (oldrand[temp]); if(new_random <0.0) new_random = new_random+1; oldrand[j1] = new_random; } for(j1=24;j1<=54;j1++){ new_random[j1] = oldrand[j1] - oldrand[j1-23]; if(new_random[j1]<0.0) new_random[j1] = new_random + 1; oldrand[j1]=new_random; } } I recieve the following error ga.cpp:20: error: invalid types ‘float[int]’ for array subscript ga.cpp:21: error: invalid types ‘float[int]’ for array subscript ga.cpp:22: error: invalid types ‘float[int]’ for array subscript I am not able to find a mistake in my code please help me

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  • Security of Flex for payment website

    - by Mario
    So, it's been about 3 years since I wrote and went live with my company's main internet facing website. Originally written in php, I've since just been making minor changes here and there to progress the site as we've needed to. I've wanted to rewrite it from the ground up in the last year or so and now, we want to add some major features so this is a perfect time. The website in question is as close to a banking website as you'd get (without being a bank; sorry for the obscurity, but the less info I can give out, the better). For the rewrite, I want to separate the presentation layer from the processing layer as much as I can. I want the end user to be stuck in a box and not be able to get out so to speak (this is all because of PCI complacency, being PEN tested every 3 months, etc...) So, being probed every 3 months has increasingly made me nervous. We haven't failed yet and there hasen't been a breach yet, but I want to make sure I continue to pass (as much as I can anyways) So, I'm considering rewriting the presentation layer in Adobe Flex and do all the processing in PHP (effectively IMO, separating presentation from processing) - I would do all my normal form validation in flex (as opposed to javascript or php) and do my reads and writes to the db via php. My questions are: I know Flash has something like 99% market penetration - do people find this to be true? Has anyone seen on their own sites being in flash that someone couldn't access it? Flash in general has come under alot of attacks about security and the like - i know this. I would use a swf encryptor - disable debugging (which i got snagged on once on a different application), continue to use https and any other means i can think of. At the end of the day, everyone knows if someone wants in to the data bad enough, their going to find a ways in; i just wanna make it as difficult for them as i can. Any thoughts are appreciated. -Mario

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  • C++ template member specialization - is this a compiler limitation?

    - by LoudNPossiblyRight
    Is it possible to do this kind of specialization? If so, how? The specialization in question is marked //THIS SPECIALIZATION WILL NOT COMPILE I have used VS2008, VS2010, gcc 4.4.3 and neither can compile this. #include<iostream> #include<string> using namespace std; template <typename ALPHA> class klass{ public: template <typename BETA> void func(BETA B); }; template <typename ALPHA> template <typename BETA> void klass<ALPHA>::func(BETA B){ cout << "I AM A BETA FUNC: " << B <<endl; } //THIS SPECIALIZATION WILL NOT COMPILE template <typename ALPHA> template <> void klass<ALPHA>::func(string B){ cout << "I AM A SPECIAL BETA FUNC: " << B <<endl; } int main(){ klass<string> k; k.func(1); k.func("hello"); return 0; }

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  • Xcode Unit Testing - Accessing Resources from the application's bundle?

    - by Ben Scheirman
    I'm running into an issue and I wanted to confirm that I'm doing things the correct way. I can test simple things with my SenTestingKit tests, and that works okay. I've set up a Unit Test Bundle and set it as a dependency on the main application target. It successfully runs all tests whenever I press cmd+B. Here's where I'm running into issues. I have some XML files that I need to load from the resources folder as part of the application. Being a good unit tester, I want to write unit tests around this to make sure that they are loading properly. So I have some code that looks like this: NSString *filePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"foo" ofType:@"xml"]; This works when the application runs, but during a unit test, mainBundle points to the wrong bundle, so this line of code returns nil. So I changed it up to utilize a known class like this: NSString *filePath = [[NSBundle bundleForClass:[Config class]] pathForResource:@"foo" ofType:@"xml"]; This doesn't work either, because in order for the test to even compile code like this, it Config needs to be part of the Unit Test Target. If I add that, then the bundle for that class becomes the Unit Test bundle. (Ugh!) Am I approaching this the wrong way?

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  • Accessing variables with different scope in C++

    - by Portablejim
    With #include <iostream> using namespace std; int a = 1; int main() { int a = 2; if(true) { int a = 3; cout << a << " " << ::a // Can I access a = 2 here? << " " << ::a << endl; } cout << a << " " << ::a << endl; } having the output 3 1 1 2 1 Is there a way to access the 'a' equal to 2 inside the if statement where there is the 'a' equal to 3, with the output 3 2 1 2 1 Note: I know this should not be done (and the code should not get to the point where I need to ask). This question is more "can it be done".

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  • How can I specify dependencies in the manifest file and then to include it into my .jar file?

    - by Roman
    I generated .class files by the following command: javac -cp \directoryName\external.jar myPackageDirectory\First.java myPackageDirectory\Second.java I needed to use -cp during compilation and name of .jar file of an "external" library (external.jar) to be able to use this library from my code. Using my .class files I have generated my .jar file in the following way: jar cfm app.jar manifest.txt myPackageDirectory\*.class manifest.txt contains just one line: Main-Class: myPackageName.First My problem is that I am not sure that I will be able to run my .jar file on other computers. I think so because during the compilation I specified the location of the .jar file of the external library. So, my .class files (included into the .jar file will try to find the .jar file of the external library in a specific directory and there is no guaranty that that the .jar file of the external library will be in the same directory as on the my computer. I heard that the above problem can be solved by a usage of a MANIFEST file that I include in my own jar, and which will list dependency locations but I do not understand how it works. I do need to specify location of the "external.jar" at the compilation stage (otherwise the compiler complains).

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  • Why is only the first shown window focusable

    - by Miha Markic
    Imagine the code below. Only the first window appears on the top, all of subsequent windows won't nor can they be programatically focused for some reason (they appear in the background). Any idea how to workaround this? BTW, static methods/properties are not allowed nor is any global property. [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Thread t1 = new Thread(CreateForm); t1.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA); t1.Start(); t1.Join(); t1 = new Thread(CreateForm); t1.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA); t1.Start(); t1.Join(); } private static void CreateForm() { using (Form f = new Form()) { System.Windows.Forms.Timer t = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer { Enabled = true, Interval = 2000 }; t.Tick += (s, e) => { f.Close(); t.Enabled = false; }; f.TopMost = true; Application.Run(f); } }

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  • jQuery class selector oddness

    - by x3sphere
    I'm using jQuery to change the background image of a button depending on the class associated with it on hover. It only works if I put the hover statements in separate functions, however. Why is this? Here's the NON working code, always evaluates to the .submit hover statement, even when that class is removed via the keyup event. $(function() { { $('.submit-getinfo').hover(function () { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "right bottom"} ); }, function() { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "right top"} ); //$(this).removeClass('submithover'); }); $('.submit').hover(function () { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "left bottom"} ); }, function() { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "left top"} ); //$(this).removeClass('submithover'); }); }}); Working code: $(function() { { $('.submit').hover(function () { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "left bottom"} ); }, function() { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "left top"} ); //$(this).removeClass('submithover'); }); }}); $('#test').bind('keyup', function() { if (url == 'devel') { $("#submit").addClass("submit-getinfo").removeClass("submit"); $('.submit-getinfo').hover(function () { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "right bottom"} ); }, function() { $(this).css( {backgroundPosition: "right top"} ); //$(this).removeClass('submithover'); }); } } ); I just fail to see why I have to put the hover statements in separate functions, instead of sticking both in the main DOM.

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  • Purpose of singletons in programming

    - by thecoshman
    This is admittedly a rather loose question. My current understanding of singletons is that they are a class that you set up in such a way that only one instance is ever created. This sounds a lot like a static class to me. The main differnce being that with a static class you don't / can't instance it, you just use it such as Math.pi(). With a singletong class, you would still need to do something like singleton mySingleton = new singleton(); mysingleton.set_name("foo"); singleton otherSingleton = new singleton(); // correct me if i am wrong, but mysingleton == othersingleton right now, yes? // this the following should happen? otherSingleston.set_name("bar"); mysingleton.report_name(); // will output "bar" won't it? Please note, I am asking this language independently, more about the concept. So I am not so worried about actually how to coed such a class, but more why you would wan't to and what thing you would need to consider.

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  • Nested bind expressions

    - by user328543
    This is a followup question to my previous question. #include <functional> int foo(void) {return 2;} class bar { public: int operator() (void) {return 3;}; int something(int a) {return a;}; }; template <class C> auto func(C&& c) -> decltype(c()) { return c(); } template <class C> int doit(C&& c) { return c();} template <class C> void func_wrapper(C&& c) { func( std::bind(doit<C>, std::forward<C>(c)) ); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { // call with a function pointer func(foo); func_wrapper(foo); // error // call with a member function bar b; func(b); func_wrapper(b); // call with a bind expression func(std::bind(&bar::something, b, 42)); func_wrapper(std::bind(&bar::something, b, 42)); // error // call with a lambda expression func( [](void)->int {return 42;} ); func_wrapper( [](void)->int {return 42;} ); return 0; } I'm getting a compile errors deep in the C++ headers: functional:1137: error: invalid initialization of reference of type ‘int (&)()’ from expression of type ‘int (*)()’ functional:1137: error: conversion from ‘int’ to non-scalar type ‘std::_Bind(bar, int)’ requested func_wrapper(foo) is supposed to execute func(doit(foo)). In the real code it packages the function for a thread to execute. func would the function executed by the other thread, doit sits in between to check for unhandled exceptions and to clean up. But the additional bind in func_wrapper messes things up...

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  • multiple inheritance

    - by hitech
    when we say "a member declated as protected is accessible to any class imediately derived from it" what does this mean. in the follwing example get_number function can be accessible by the result class , as per the statement it sould only be accessile to test class. class student { protected: int roll_number; public: void get_number(int){ cout<< "hello"; } void put_number(void) {cout<< "hello"; } }; class test : public student { protected : float sub1; float sub2; public: void get_marks(float, float) {cout<< "hello"; roll_number = 10; } void put_marks(void) {cout<< "hello"; cout << "roll_number = " << roll_number ; } }; class result :public test { float total; public: void display(){cout<< "hello"; roll_number = 10; } }; int main() { result student; student.get_marks(2.2, 2.2); student.put_marks(); return 0; } i changed the code as per the first statement the protected variable roll_number not be accessible upto the result class ?

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  • Class<T> and static method Class.forName() drive me crazy.

    - by matt
    Hi, this code doesn't compile. I'm wondering what I am doing wrong: private static Importable getRightInstance(String s) throws Exception { Class<Importable> c = Class.forName(s); Importable i = c.newInstance(); return i; } where Importable is an interface and the string s is the name of an implementing class. The compiler says: ./Importer.java:33: incompatible types found : java.lang.Class<capture#964 of ?> required: java.lang.Class<Importable> Class<Importable> c = Class.forName(format(s)); thanks for any help! All the solutions Class<? extends Importable> c = Class.forName(s).asSubclass(Importable.class); and Class<? extends Importable> c = (Class<? extends Importable>) Class.forName(s); and Class<?> c = Class.forName(format(s)); Importable i = (Importable)c.newInstance(); give this error: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class C1 has interface Importable as super class where C1 is effectively a class implementing Importable, one of those i want to cast to Importable.

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  • CodeIgniter -- unable to use an object

    - by Smandoli
    THE SUMMARY: When I call .../index.php/product, I receive: Fatal error: Call to a member function get_prod_single() on a non-object in /var/www/sparts/main/controllers/product.php on line 16 The offending Line 16 is: $data['pn_oem'] = $this->product_model->get_prod_single($product_id); Looks like I don't know how to make this a working object. Can you help me? THE CODE: In my /Models folder I have product_model.php: <?php class Product_model extends Model { function Product_model() { parent::Model(); } function get_prod_single($product_id) { //This will be a DB lookup ... return 'foo'; //stub to get going } } ?> In my /controllers folder I have product.php: <?php class Product extends Controller { function Product() { parent::Controller(); } function index() { $this->load->model('Product_model'); $product_id = 113; // will get this dynamically $data['product_id'] = $product_id; $data['pn_oem'] = $this->product_model->get_prod_single($product_id); $this->load->view('prod_single', $data); } } ?>

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  • static initialization confusion

    - by Happy Mittal
    I am getting very confused in some concepts in c++. For ex: I have following two files //file1.cpp class test { static int s; public: test(){s++;} }; static test t; int test::s=5; //file2.cpp #include<iostream> using namespace std; class test { static int s; public: test(){s++;} static int get() { return s; } }; static test t; int main() { cout<<test::get()<<endl; } Now My question is : 1. How two files link successfully even if they have different class definitions? 2. Are the static member s of two classes related because I get output as 7. Please explain this concept of statics.

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  • Should try...catch go inside or outside a loop?

    - by mmyers
    I have a loop that looks something like this: for(int i = 0; i < max; i++) { String myString = ...; float myNum = Float.parseFloat(myString); myFloats[i] = myNum; } This is the main content of a method whose sole purpose is to return the array of floats. I want this method to return null if there is an error, so I put the loop inside a try...catch block, like this: try { for(int i = 0; i < max; i++) { String myString = ...; float myNum = Float.parseFloat(myString); myFloats[i] = myNum; } } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { return null; } But then I also thought of putting the try...catch block inside the loop, like this: for(int i = 0; i < max; i++) { String myString = ...; try { float myNum = Float.parseFloat(myString); } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { return null; } myFloats[i] = myNum; } So my question is: is there any reason, performance or otherwise, to prefer one over the other? EDIT: The consensus seems to be that it is cleaner to put the loop inside the try/catch, possibly inside its own method. However, there is still debate on which is faster. Can someone test this and come back with a unified answer? (EDIT: did it myself, but voted up Jeffrey and Ray's answers)

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  • Which pattern to use for logging? Dependency Injection or Service Locator?

    - by andlju
    Consider this scenario. I have some business logic that now and then will be required to write to a log. interface ILogger { void Log(string stuff); } interface IDependency { string GetInfo(); } class MyBusinessObject { private IDependency _dependency; public MyBusinessObject(IDependency dependency) { _dependency = dependency; } public string DoSomething(string input) { // Process input var info = _dependency.GetInfo(); var intermediateResult = PerformInterestingStuff(input, info); if (intermediateResult== "SomethingWeNeedToLog") { // How do I get to the ILogger-interface? } var result = PerformSomethingElse(intermediateResult); return result; } } How would you get the ILogger interface? I see two main possibilities; Pass it using Dependency Injection on the constructor. Get it via a singleton Service Locator. Which method would you prefer, and why? Or is there an even better pattern? Update: Note that I don't need to log ALL method calls. I only want to log a few (rare) events that may or may not occur within my method.

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  • I cant put a string in a switch nor an array in a class

    - by TimothyTech
    Okay, im making a pretty big file in my opinion, so i wanted to separate it into several files for cleaner code. so i have my main .cpp file and two header files holding my classes. well the header files dont hold strings, it aboslutely wont budge. i call the library in both my .cpp file and even tried it in my header file. another issue i ran into is using strings to make switches function, reason being if i use integers in a switch if the user inputs a alphabetical character the program goes into an endless loop. string choice; switch (choice) { case "1" : //... break; case "2" : //... break; } and my last issue is when i create an object in a case it gives an error. says cross initialization of object. string choice; switch (choice) { case "1" : Class object; break; case "2" : //... break; }

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  • replacing elements horizontally and vertically in a 2D array

    - by wello horld
    the code below ask for the user's input for the 2D array size and prints out something like this: (say an 18x6 grid) .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. code starts here: #include <stdio.h> #define MAX 10 int main() { char grid[MAX][MAX]; int i,j,row,col; printf("Please enter your grid size: "); scanf("%d %d", &row, &col); for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { grid[i][j] = '.'; printf("%c ", grid[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } return 0; } I now ask the user for a string, then ask them where to put it for example: Please enter grid size: 18 6 Please enter word: Hello Please enter location: 0 0 Output: Hello............. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Please enter location: 3 4 Output: .................. .................. .................. ..Hello........... .................. .................. program just keeps going. Any thoughts on how to modify the code for this? PS: Vertical seems way hard, but I want to start on horizontal first to have something to work on.

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  • C# ? Can anyone explain the strange behaviour?

    - by partizan
    Hi, guys. Here is the example with comments: class Program { // first version of structure public struct D1 { public double d; public int f; } // during some changes in code then we got D2 from D1 // Field f type became double while it was int before public struct D2 { public double d; public double f; } static void Main(string[] args) { // Scenario with the first version D1 a = new D1(); D1 b = new D1(); a.f = b.f = 1; a.d = 0.0; b.d = -0.0; bool r1 = a.Equals(b); // gives true, all is ok // The same scenario with the new one D2 c = new D2(); D2 d = new D2(); c.f = d.f = 1; c.d = 0.0; d.d = -0.0; bool r2 = c.Equals(d); // false, oops! this is not the result i've expected for } } So, what do you think about this?

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