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  • What's the benefit of declaring class functions separately from their actual functionality?

    - by vette982
    In C++, what's the benefit of having a class with functions... say class someClass{ public: void someFunc(int arg1); }; then having the function's actual functionality declared after int main int main() { return 0; } void someClass::someFunc(int arg1) { cout<<arg1; } Furthermore, what's the benefit of declaring the class in a .h header file, then putting the functionality in a .cpp file that #includes the .h file?

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  • printing the instance in Python

    - by kame
    Hello! With this code: class Complex: def __init__(self, realpart, imagpart): self.real = realpart self.imag = imagpart print self.real, self.imag class Circle: def __init__(self, radius): print "A circle wiht the radius", radius, "has the properties:" print "circumference =", 3.14*radius print "area =", 3.14*radius**2 I get this output: >>> Complex(3,2) 3 2 <__main__.Complex instance at 0x01412210> But why does he print the last line?

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  • jquery switch element classes

    - by Sobakinet
    Please take a look here: http://jsfiddle.net/ZUd27/7/ What I need: There are several elements. One of them is active and visible. If I hover over any inactive element, it becomes visible and active. The previously active element becomes inactive. On mouseout, nothing happens - the last hovered element stays active. My problems: The first active element always stays active (in DOM?). It becomes invisible, but on next mouseover nothing happens. Other elements don't behave as they should. If one of them is active, on next mousein it becomes invisible. thx

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  • Accessing variablss through a different class within the constructor of latter classes of an object

    - by Haxed
    In the code below, I've added two lines that print output. The first line prints junk as usual, but surprisingly the second one gives me a compilation error. Why? class Student { private String name; public Student(String name){ this.name = name; } public String getName(){ return name; } } class StudentServer { public StudentServer(){ Student[] s = new Student[30]; s[0] = new Student("Nick"); // LINE 01: This compiles, although prints junk System.out.println(s[0]); // LINE 02: I get a error called cannot find symbol System.out.println(s[0].getName()); } public static void main(){ new StudentServer(); } } Many Thanks

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  • Why does coffeescript generate classes like this?

    - by ryeguy
    Given the following coffeescript code: class Animal constructor: (@name) -> speak: (things) -> "My name is #{@name} and I like #{things}" This is generated: var Animal = (function() { function Animal(name) { this.name = name; } Animal.prototype.speak = function(things) { return "My name is " + this.name + " and I like " + things; }; return Animal; })(); But why isn't this more idiomatic code generated? var Animal = function Animal(name) { this.name = name; }; Animal.prototype.speak = function(things) { return "My name is " + this.name + " and I like " + things; }; I know that coffeescript wraps a lot of stuff in anonymous functions to control scope leak, but what could leak here?

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  • Nested Dynamic PHP Class

    - by user338844
    Alright, I may just need a terminology update, but I have been playing in Magento and Joomla, and they do references like $mage = new Mage; $mage->block('blockname'); where class Mage through some process I am failing to figure out is calling: class blockname extends something{ } Don't quote me on that code, however I am looking to do something like that where I have a file that I can do $myscript-block('blockname'); and it will load and call the file with class blockname. I hope that is not too confusing, but any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance!

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  • C# What would happen to GC if I run process with priority = RealTime?

    - by Bobb
    I have a C# app which runs with priority RealTime. It was all fine until I made few hectic changes in past 2 days. Now it runs out of memory in few hours. I am trying to find whether it is a memory leak I created of this is because I consume lot more objects than before and GC simply cant collect them because it runs with same priority. My question is - what could happen to GC when it tries to collect objects in application with RealTime priority (there is also at least one thread running with Highest thread priority)? (P.S. by realtime priority I mean Process.GetCurrentProcess().PriorityClass = ProcessPriorityClass.RealTime)

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  • Obj-C Sending Messages Between Classes

    - by user544359
    I'm a newbie in iPhone Programming. I'm trying to send a message from one view controller to another. The idea is that viewControllerA takes information from the user and sends it to viewControllerB. viewControllerB is then supposed to display the information in a label. viewControllerA.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface viewControllerA : UIViewController { int num; } -(IBAction)do; @end viewControllerA.m #import "viewControllerA.h" #import "viewControllerB.h" @implementation viewControllerA - (IBAction)do { //initializing int for example num = 2; viewControllerB *viewB = [[viewControllerB alloc] init]; [viewB display:num]; [viewB release]; //viewA is presented as a ModalViewController, so it dismisses itself to return to the //original view, i know it is not efficient [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; } - (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end viewControllerB.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface viewControllerB : UIViewController { IBOutlet UILabel *label; } - (IBAction)openA; - (void)display:(NSInteger)myNum; @end viewControllerB.m #import "viewControllerB.h" #import "viewControllerA.h" @implementation viewControllerB - (IBAction)openA { //presents viewControllerA when a button is pressed viewControllerA *viewA = [[viewControllerA alloc] init]; [self presentModalViewController:viewA animated:YES]; } - (void)display:(NSInteger)myNum { NSLog(@"YES"); [label setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", myNum]]; } @end YES is logged successfully, but the label's text does not change. I have made sure that all of my connections in Interface Builder are correct, in fact there are other (IBAction) methods in my program that change the text of this very label, and all of those other methods work perfectly... Any ideas, guys? You don't need to give me a full solution, any bits of information will help. Thanks.

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  • Rspec and Rails 3 - Problem Validating Nested Attribute Collection Size

    - by MunkiPhD
    When I create my Rspec tests, I keep getting a validation of false as opposed to true for the following tests. I've tried everything and the following is the measly code that I have now - so if it's waaaaay wrong, that's why. class Master < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :name, :specific_size # Associations ---------------------- has_many :line_items accepts_nested_attributes_for :line_items, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => lambda { |a| a[:item_id].blank? } # Validations ----------------------- validates :name, :presence => true, :length => {:minimum => 3, :maximum => 30} validates :specific_size, :presence => true, :length => {:minimum => 4, :maximum => 30} validate :verify_items_count def verify_items_count if self.line_items.size < 2 errors.add(:base, "Not enough items to create a master") end end end And here it the items model: class LineItem < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :specific_size, :other_item_type_id # Validations -------------------- validates :other_item_type_id, :presence => true validates :master_id, :presence => true validates :specific_size, :presence => true # Associations --------------------- belongs_to :other_item_type belongs_to :master end The RSpec Tests: before(:each) do @master_lines = [] @master_lines << LineItem.new(:other_item_type_id => 1, :master_id => 2, :specific_size => 1) @master_lines << LineItem.new(:other_item_type_id => 2, :master_id => 2, :specific_size => 1) @attr = {:name => "Some Master", :specific_size => "1 giga"} end it "should create a new instance given a valid name and specific size" do @master = Master.create(@attr) line_item_one = @master.line_items.build(:other_item_type_id => 1, :specific_size => 1) line_item_two = @master.line_items.build(:other_item_type_id => 2, :specific_size => 2) @master.line_items.size === 2 @master.should be_valid end it "should have at least two items to be valid" do master = Master.new(:name => "test name", :specific_size => "1 mega") master_item_one = LineItem.new(:other_item_type_id => 1, :specific_size => 2) master_item_two = LineItem.new(:other_item_type_id => 2, :specific_size => 1) master.line_items << master_item_one master.should_not be_valid master.line_items << master_item_two master.line_items.size.should === 2 master.should be_valid end I'm very new to Rspec and Rails - and I've been failing at this for the past couple of hours. Thanks for any help in advance.

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  • PHP classes, parse syntax errors when using 'var' to declare variables

    - by jon
    I am a C# guy trying to translate some of my OOP understanding over to php. I'm trying to make my first class object, and are hitting a few hitches. Here is the beginning of the class: <?php require("Database/UserDB.php"); class User { private var $uid; private var $username; private var $password; private var $realname; private var $email; private var $address; private var $phone; private var $projectArray; public function _construct($username) { $userArray = UserDB::GetUserArray($username); $uid = $userArray['uid']; $username = $userArray['username']; $realname = $userArray['realname']; $email = $userArray['email']; $phone = $userArray['phone']; $i = 1; $projectArray = UserDB::GetUserProjects($this->GetID()); while($projectArray[$i] != null) { $projectArray[$i] = new Project($projectArray[$i]); } UserDB.php is where I have all my static functions interacting with the Database for this User Class. I am getting errors using when I use var, and I'm getting confused. I know I don't HAVE to use var, or declare the variables at all, but I feel it is a better practice to do so. the error is "unexpected T_VAR, expecting T_VARIABLE" When I simply remove var from the declarations it works. Why is this?

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  • .NET object creation and generations

    - by nimoraca
    Is there a way to tell the .NET to allocate a new object in generation 2 heap. I have a problem where I need to allocate approximately 200 MB of objects, do something with them, and throw them away. What happens here is that all the data gets copied two times (from gen0 to gen1 and then from gen1 to gen2).

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  • C# Inconsistent Accessibility (Multiple Classes)

    - by MattP
    I am getting an Inconsistent Accessibility problem where I have one class that contains a List of another class namespace NS { public class Foo { public Foo() { this.bar = new List<Bar>(); } private List<Bar> bar; } public class Bar { public Bar() { } } } The error is property type NS.Bar is less accessible than property NS.Foo.Bar The structure to the application is each Foo consists of a Dynamic Array (List) of Bar. It's not ecommerce but the best example would be an eCommerce Store-Categories-Products in terms of how the data will be accessed.

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  • Using a part of a class in multiple projects

    - by Axarydax
    I have a set of methods that do some utility work over SQL connection, and until now these have been copied over from project to project. But as time goes on, project numbers have grown and I need to keep these methods in sync in case I find a bug or need to update it. I have managed to get it to the state that SQL access class is a partial class, one part is specific for project and contains wrappers for a specific database. The second part is the common one and contains methods that are used in all project-specific databases. The problem is that now I would have the "utility" class copied over 8 projects, with the same content, but in different namespaces. In C/C++ it would have been simple, because I would just have #included the contents of the file wherever needed. What should I do in C#?

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  • Using Classes / OOP in PHP

    - by Alex Demchak
    I'm pretty proficient with PHP, outside of OOP - which I am just now starting to jump in to. I've been watching videos and reading tutorials, but they are all still pretty confusing... If I have FILE 1 (class.time.php) class Time { function GetTime(){ $time = date('H:i:s'); printf($time); } } and then in a nother php page I've got FILE 2 (page.php) I can do include('class.time.php'); and then anywhere in this page I can then do $time = new Time; //Calling the class and setting the class to a variable $time->GetTime(); //This is BASICALLY saying (run the 'GetTime' function in the 'Time Class' My main question is, is the comment above (This is BASICALLY saying.....) correct? or is there a better way to think of it?

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  • Confusion over C++ new operator and classes

    - by Nils
    Hi all I created a simple class in C++ which has a private dynamic array. In the constructor I initialize the array using new and in the destructor I free it using delete. When I instantiate the class using Class a = Class(..); it works as expected, however it seems I cannot instantiate it using the new operator (Like Class *a = new Class(..);), I always get a segmentation fault. What I don't understand is when I should use new to instantiate a class and when just call the constructor or should it be possible to instantiate a class either with new or by just calling the constructor. float** A = new float*[3]; for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { A[i] = new float[3]; } A[0][0] = 3; A[0][1] = 3; A[0][2] = 4; A[1][0] = 5; A[1][1] = 6; A[1][2] = 7; A[2][0] = 1; A[2][1] = 2; A[2][2] = 3; Matrix *M = new Matrix(A, 3, 3); delete[] A; delete M; Below the class definition.. class Matrix { private: int width; int height; int stride; float* elements; public: Matrix(float** a, int n, int m); ~Matrix(); }; Matrix::Matrix(float** a, int n, int m) { // n: num rows // m: elem per rows elements = new float[n*m]; for (int i=0; i<n; i++) { for (int j=0; j<m; j++) { elements[i*n + j] = a[n][m]; } } } Matrix::~Matrix() { delete[] elements; }

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  • Accessing child collection in query

    - by Gokul
    I am populating a list using List<Country> countries = new List<Country> { new Country() { CountryID = "US", City = new List<City> { new City() { CountryID = "US", CityName="dfdsf", sqkm = 2803 } } }; and so on How to access sqkm in the following query? var countryQuery = countries .Select(c => new { Id = c.CountryId, Area = c.City.sqkm???}); c.city.sqkm gives compilation error...how to modify query

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  • Adding Timestamp to Java's GC messages in Tomcat 6

    - by ripper234
    I turned on Java's GC log options -XX:+PrintGC -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDetails Which print out these messages to standard output (catalina.out): 314.884: [CMS-concurrent-mark-start] 315.014: [CMS-concurrent-mark: 0.129/0.129 secs] [Times: user=0.14 sys=0.00, real=0.13 secs] 315.014: [CMS-concurrent-preclean-start] 315.016: [CMS-concurrent-preclean: 0.003/0.003 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs] 315.016: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean-start] 332.055: [GC 332.055: [ParNew: 17128K->84K(19136K), 0.0017700 secs] 88000K->70956K(522176K) icms_dc=4 , 0.0018660 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs] CMS: abort preclean due to time 352.253: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean: 0.023/37.237 secs] [Times: user=0.78 sys=0.02, real=37.23 secs] How can I make these log lines appear with an actual timestamp (including date) instead of these numbers, which presumably mean "time since JVM started" ?

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  • Using classes for the first time,help in debugging

    - by kaushik
    here is post my code:this is no the entire code but enough to explain my doubt.please discard any code line which u find irrelavent enter code here saving_tree={} isLeaf=False class tree: global saving_tree rootNode=None lispTree=None def __init__(self,x): file=x string=file.readlines() #print string self.lispTree=S_expression(string) self.rootNode=BinaryDecisionNode(0,'Root',self.lispTree) class BinaryDecisionNode: global saving_tree def __init__(self,ind,name,lispTree,parent=None): self.parent=parent nodes=lispTree.getNodes(ind) print nodes self.isLeaf=(nodes[0]==1) nodes=nodes[1]#Nodes are stored self.name=name self.children=[] if self.isLeaf: #Leaf Node print nodes #Set the leaf data self.attribute=nodes print "LeafNode is ",nodes else: #Set the question self.attribute=lispTree.getString(nodes[0]) self.attribute=self.attribute.split() print "Question: ",self.attribute,self.name tree={} tree={str(self.name):self.attribute} saving_tree=tree #Add the children for i in range(1,len(nodes)):#Since node 0 is a question # print "Adding child ",nodes[i]," who has ",len(nodes)-1," siblings" self.children.append(BinaryDecisionNode(nodes[i],self.name+str(i),lispTree,self)) print saving_tree i wanted to save some data in saving_tree{},which i have declared previously and want to use that saving tree in the another function outside the class.when i asked to print saving_tree it printing but,only for that instance.i want the saving_tree{} to have the data to store data of all instance and access it outside. when i asked for print saving_tree outside the class it prints empty{}.. please tell me the required modification to get my required output and use saving_tree{} outside the class..

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  • Large memory chunk not garbage collected

    - by Niels
    In a hunt for a memory-leak in my app I chased down a behaviour I can't understand. I allocate a large memory block, but it doesn't get garbage-collected resulting in a OOM, unless I explicit null the reference in onDestroy. In this example I have two almost identical activities that switch between each others. Both have a single button. On pressing the button MainActivity starts OOMActivity and OOMActivity returns by calling finish(). After pressing the buttons a few times, Android throws a OOMException. If i add the the onDestroy to OOMActivity and explicit null the reference to the memory chunk, I can see in the log that the memory is correctly freed. Why doesn't the memory get freed automatically without the nulling? MainActivity: package com.example.oom; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener { private int buttonId; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); System.gc(); Button OOMButton = new Button(this); OOMButton.setText("OOM"); buttonId = OOMButton.getId(); setContentView(OOMButton); OOMButton.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (v.getId() == buttonId) { Intent leakIntent = new Intent(this, OOMActivity.class); startActivity(leakIntent); } } } OOMActivity: public class OOMActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener { private static final int WASTE_SIZE = 20000000; private byte[] waste; private int buttonId; protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Button BackButton = new Button(this); BackButton.setText("Back"); buttonId = BackButton.getId(); setContentView(BackButton); BackButton.setOnClickListener(this); waste = new byte[WASTE_SIZE]; } public void onClick(View view) { if (view.getId() == buttonId) { finish(); } } }

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  • How to apply a function to a collection of elements

    - by Cue
    Consider I have an array of elements out of which I want to create a new 'iterable' which on every next applies a custom 'transformation'. What's the proper way of doing it under python 2.x? For people familiar with Java, the equivalent is Iterables#transform from google's collections framework.

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