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• NIC interface names in /proc/interrupts

  - by Gallus

  When I look at /proc/interrupts: $ cat /proc/interrupts CPU0 CPU1 (...) 12: 4 0 IO-APIC-edge i8042 14: 145 65310875 IO-APIC-edge ide0 50: 0 0 IO-APIC-level uhci_hcd:usb5, Intel ICH7 58: 5388 7983508 IO-APIC-level libata 169: 812427252 1236572641 IO-APIC-level skge, eth1 217: 6 0 IO-APIC-level ehci_hcd:usb1, uhci_hcd:usb2 225: 0 0 IO-APIC-level uhci_hcd:usb3 233: 60 3108720778 IO-APIC-level uhci_hcd:usb4, skge I can see two skge and one eth1 entries. All of them are the network cards. Because of the general name "skge" (which is the name of the network driver of the card) I can't easily reocognize, which NIC occupies which interrupt. How to make linux use more descriptive names in the entries? Or: Is there any alternative way to obtain INT information instead of /proc/interrupt? My final goal is to manipulate smp_affinities of the NICs.

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• Puppetmaster don't notice changes to site.pp

  - by tore-

  I've just setup a new production environment with puppet. Using 0.25.4 in client/server. Ruby is at 1.8.5, CentOS 5.4. I've made a simple manifest for configuring yum-updatesd, but the puppetmaster doesn't seem to notice changes done to site.pp: err: Could not parse for environment production: Could not match 'node' at /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp:1 err: Could not retrieve catalog from remote server: Error 400 on SERVER: Could not parse for environment production: Could not match 'node' at /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp:1 Notice, it says line 1. But line 1 contains an import statement: # cat -n /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp 1 import "update-notification" 2 3 node default { 4 include update-notification 5 update-notification::configure() 6 } I've tried to reboot the server, delete and recreate site.pp, start and stop puppetmaster and puppet, with no luck. What am I missing?

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• Bonjour/DNS Service Discovery queries

  - by senloe

  I'm trying to implement dns service discovery in my application (no, I'm not asking for a programmatic answer). What I believe is one of my big pain points is generating the query. I know I need to send out a multicast broadcast on port 5353 and want to look for devices of type _ipp._tcp and _print._tcp, but I don't know what the question section needs to look like. For example, in SSDP I sent out a query that looks like the following: "M-SEARCH * HTTP/1.1\r\n" "HOST: 239.255.255.250:1900\r\n" + "MAN: \"ssdp:discover\"\r\n" "ST: urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:Printer:1\r\n" "MX: 5000\r\n\r\n" From what I know about a DNS query I need to send something like: "_ipp.tcp,all,all" but I know there needs to be more. Any pointers to documentation, etc would be greatly appreciated! update rfc1035 appears to contain promising information re the message structure.

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• How to modify PATH variable for X11 during log-in?

  - by user1028435

  I originally posted this over at StackOverflow, but someone said it might fit better here. Original question is here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10096327/overwriting-print-screen-actions-in-linux-without-administrative-rights. Decided to revise my question, based on what I learned there: Essentially, my problem is that I am working on some lab computers (read: no administrative rights) that, if I log in, I need to change the PATH variable as X11 starts. The reason is that I need to change the PATH variable at this time, as opposed to later, is that the Print Screen command seems to "bind" during login (forgive my bad explanation of this). You can see in the work-around I listed in the previous question, that I can make it work by starting a new X, but I was wondering if it is possible to change upon login. If this seems a poor explanation, you can check out the original link for my context and reasoning behind what I'm doing. Any ideas? Details about Distribution: cat /etc/redhat-release tells me: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client release 5.8 (Tikanga)

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• Basic networking problem with Ubuntu 9.04 on Acer Extensa 5635Z laptop

  - by sapporo

  I just installed Ubuntu 9.04 on a brand new Acer Extensa 5635Z laptop, but ethernet networking does't work (wireless doesn't work either, but I'd be happy with ethernet for now). eth0 isn't listed in /etc/network/interfaces: $ cat /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback lshw does show the nic, but I can't make much sense out of the information: $ sudo lshw -class network -sanitize *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: AR928X Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:07:00.0 logical name: wmaster0 version: 01 serial: [REMOVED] width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list logical ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k latency=0 module=ath9k multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn *-network UNCLAIMED description: Ethernet controller product: Attansic Technology Corp. vendor: Attansic Technology Corp. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:09:00.0 version: c0 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vpd cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-network DISABLED description: Ethernet interface physical id: 1 logical name: pan0 serial: [REMOVED] capabilities: ethernet physical configuration: broadcast=yes driver=bridge driverversion=2.3 firmware=N/A link=yes multicast=yes Thanks for your help!

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• Wireless networking on Gnome on Ubuntu 9 / 10

  - by WaveyDavey

  So here's my problem: I have some netbooks (ASUS eee, and ACER Aspire Ones) that I've been tasked to set up as kiosk machines, locked up tight for normal users. I am a command-line, server man, so this gnome malarkey is all a bit new to me. I found a lovely 9.04 kiosk livecd that installs and runs exactly as I want it to, but I can't get the wireless working. So I dropped on a full 10.4 distro, and wireless works straight out of the box (so hardware is good) - all I needed to do was right-click on the network connection icon, enter my SSID and password (WPA/WPA2) and away it went, perfect. Further investigation on 10.4 distro shows that /etc/networking/interfaces is virtually empty (just auto lo iface lo inet loopback in it), even after I have set up the wireless thru the gnome taskbar applet (is that the right word?). So where does gnome / ubuntu store the network settings to bring the blasted wireless connection up, and what do I need to do on the kiosk version to get wireless running?

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• Unhappy with performance of GBit Ethernet to Fiber converter

  - by Aaron Digulla

  I just bought a TP-Link MC200CM GBit Ethernet (1000-T) to Fiber (1000-SX) media converter. The device works but I'm unhappy with the performance: When connecting my computer over 1000-T (twisted pair, Cat 6, 18meters) with my server, I get a throughput of about 610MBit/s. If I replace the cable with two media converters, I'm left with about 310-315MBit/s (i.e. half the performance). My setup is like this: Computer <- GBit switch <- long cable <- GBit switch <- server Computer <- GBit switch <- MC200CM <- 30m fiber <- MC200CM <- GBit switch <- server Is there a way to improve the performance? Will another MC be faster? Or is that about as much as I can expect with the additional 2 converters?

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• Setting up Splunk/IronPort WSA

  - by Ciddan

  Hello everyone! I recently stumbled across Splunk 4 (by way of an advert on this very site...) and found that it had an "App" that's designed to work with Cisco IronPort WebSecurity and E-Mail Appliances! That's really awesome, because good IronPort reporting is something our IT-dept. is looking for. Anyways - I'm totally lost on how to configure this thing. I've googled like a mad-man to find a guide or such like - but I haven't found anything. Has anyone here set up IP / Splunk? Any tips/pointers? Regards, Mikael Selander

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• Yum install in chroot directory

  - by pulegium

  I'm trying to install the Base group on a mounted volume. Here's the custom yum.conf that I'm using: [main] cachedir=/var/cache/yum/ debuglevel=2 logfile=/var/log/yum.log exclude=*-debuginfo obsoletes=1 gpgcheck=0 reposdir=/dev/null [base] name=Fedora 13 - i386 baseurl=file:///media/Fedora\ 13\ i386\ DVD/ enabled=1 [updates] name=Fedora 13 - i386 - Updates baseurl=http://mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net/fedora/linux/updates/13/i386/ enabled=1 When I run # yum -c yum.conf --installroot=/mnt groupinstall Base I would expect yum to install everything under /mnt But it keeps on saying: [...] Package irda-utils-0.9.18-10.fc12.i686 already installed and latest version Package time-1.7-37.fc12.i686 already installed and latest version Package man-pages-3.23-6.fc13.noarch already installed and latest version Package talk-0.17-33.2.4.i686 already installed and latest version Package pam_passwdqc-1.0.5-6.fc13.i686 already installed and latest version [...] I tried rpm --base=/mnt --initdb and then use rpm to install fedora-release (which worked and installed the package under /mnt) But yum keeps on saying that all packages are installed. Any ideas?...

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• Laptop Akku defekt? [closed]

  - by venturebeats

  Ich habe ein großes Problem und zwar startet mein Laptop akku: akku Dell Inspiron 9400 Gut, dann machte ich ihn aber sofort "aus", ich klappte ihn eben zu, was heißt Energie sparen, er ist nicht heruntergefahren! Eine halbe Stunde später wollte mein Vater noch ran, er war dann auch ca. 5min und dann fuhr der Laptop wie gewöhnlich, wwenn er kein Akku mehr hat, heerunter. Dann wollten wir den Laptop wieder aufladen, doch es brannte nicht einmal die rote LED, was soviel heißt wie der Akku wird geladen. Und der Laptop (übrigens erst 7 Monate alt) kann man nicht startet! Nun meine Frage, hat das was mit dem Aufladekabel zu tun( dort brennt immer noch die grüne Lampe, was soviel heißt, wie dass aufjedenfall von der Seckdose Strom kommt) oder ist etwas am Laptop, bzw. ist er kaputt?

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• Failover tmpfs mirroring. Am I doing it right?

  - by user45286

  My goal is to have a certain directory to be available as tmpfs. There will be some modifications during server uptime in this dir and those modifications must be synced to non-tmpfs persistent dir on HDD over rsync. After server boot the latest version from non-tmpfs persistent dir must be moved to tmpfs and rsync syncing to be started. I'm afraid that rsync will erase non-tmpfs backup if tmpfs dir will be empty.. I'm doing it in this way right now: create tmpfs partition in /etc/fstab cat /etc/rc.local (pseudocode) delete "tmpfs rsync" cronjob from /var/spool/cron/crontabs if there is any cp -r /path/to/non-tmpfs-backup /path/to/tmpfs/dir append /var/spool/cron/crontabs with "tmpfs rsync" cronjob What do you think?

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• Apache SSL Log Incomplete SSL Handshake

  - by Raymond Berg

  Scenario: We're running some experiments in our classroom around trusted connections and SSL, and I want to demonstrate the SSL handshake request on a man-in-the-middle attack. I have an Apache server with a self-signed cert. Everything works fine, but the logging seems incomplete as there is no way to get a list of SSL attempts. Once the client accepts the 'exception', I get normal access log messages for every request. However, I need to know what ssl request caused it to fail. Here are my log directives: LogLevel warn ErrorLog logs/ssl_error_log CustomLog logs/ssl_access_log combined #the combined is your average custom log My desire is a list of every SSL handshake attempted. What am I missing that could produce something like the following? (Obviously the exact words aren't needed, but in the ballpark) 0/0/0 00:00:00 - 192.168.1.10 - hijk.lmnop.edu - SSL Mismatch

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• How to force Chrome to make bookmarks the priority for auto-complete in the address bar?

  - by NoCatharsis

  As it is right now, if I start typing, for instance, "dictionary" into the address bar, Chrome immediately returns a list of bookmarks, history, and related sites. However, the first and highlighted option is to search Google for "dictionary". I want Chrome to immediately recognize that I have a bookmark specifically named "Dictionary" that links to the site www.dictionary.com. But, that's the second choice, not the first. So I have to type a few letters, get auto-complete to suggest some sites, then key down to my bookmark item before pressing Enter. How annoying. Any way to cut the middle man and make my bookmark the top result?

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• mdadm email notification - change the default subject

  - by Shirker

  I have entry in my crontab 00 */1 * * * /sbin/mdadm --monitor --scan -1 [email protected] It works more than perfect, but I need to change the default email template. So instead of subject "mdadm monitoring" it wished to be "mdadm monitoring from «IP ADDRESS»" or like that. [root@mail ~]# rpm -ql mdadm-3.2.5-4.el6_4.2.x86_64 | grep -v -E '(man|doc)' /etc/cron.d/raid-check /etc/rc.d/init.d/mdmonitor /etc/sysconfig/raid-check /lib/udev/rules.d/65-md-incremental.rules /sbin/mdadm /sbin/mdmon /usr/sbin/raid-check /var/run/mdadm Is it hardcoded or its possible to change?

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• Sharing my broadband connection over a router

  - by user1004985

  I have a broadband connection which I can connect to my laptop's ethernet port. If I want to use the same connection on another machine I would have to do it via a router (I dont want to use ICS since it requires both machines to be ON). I have a router but its uplink is a 4p4c pin rather that an 8p8c(RJ45) so my broadband cable wont fit into it. The router I have is ZTE ZXDSL 531B. And the broadband connection I am talking about has an antenna on the rooftop from which an ethernet cable (CAT 5) runs to my PC's LAN port. Is there some way of utilising the LAN ports of the router to achieve what I mentioned above. Please Help

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• Can't resolve localhost on Mac OS X Server

  - by iainbeeston

  I have a server running OS X Server 10.5 and it can't resolve localhost to 127.0.0.1. When I try ping this is what happens: ping localhost ping: cannot resolve localhost: Unknown host SSH and web browsers get similar results (uknown host). If I try using 127.0.0.1 or the ip address assigned on the LAN all of the above work. Here's the contents of my /etc/hosts file: cat /etc/hosts ## # Host Database # # localhost is used to configure the loopback interface # when the system is booting. Do not change this entry. ## 127.0.0.1 localhost 255.255.255.255 broadcasthost ::1 localhost fe80::1%lo0 localhost I have no local DNS service running. Does anyone have any idea why this might be happening or how I can fix it?

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• How do I maximize and check my gigabit transfer rate?

  - by J Penguin

  I'm trying to maximize my LAN transfer speed. LAN cards and switch are all gigabit on a CAT 6 cable. Modes are set correctly to 1000 full duplex. CentOS server Testing with ftp from both windows and fedora, I'm only having the speed around 11MB/s. On windows I notice that the first few seconds of file transfer I'm actually getting around 25MB/s before it drops to 11MB/s Can anyone please recommend me what my next step should be to increase this performance? Are there any utilities I can use to test the file transfer speed without taking hard drive speed into consideration? The only thing I know is the MTU which I will have to wait until the office hour is over before I can play with it. If there are anything else I should be aware of, please please let me know. Thank you!

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• Using windowmaker with quartz-wm in proxy mode on Snow Leopard

  - by Graham Lee

  I can modify my .xinitrc file to exec /opt/local/bin/wmaker, and get WindowMaker 0.90.2 as my window manager in X11.app. I'd like to use quartz-wm not as a window manager, but to provide the pasteboard integration with Aqua using the --only-proxy flag (see the man page). If I add the following line to .xinitrc: exec /usr/bin/quartz-wm --only-proxy & then WindowMaker never starts, complaining that there's already a window manager running. Is it possible to get the two to play nicely together, or is proxy feature part of the Xquartz server now? It seems that the Xquartz manpage has a number of pasteboard-to-clipboard synchronisation settings, but it's not clear whether quartz-wm needs to be running for those to work.

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• How can I install CentOS without a keyboard, mouse, or monitor?

  - by user1032531

  I will be buying a new computer which will be used as a CentOS server. I will put it on my home LAN, and once it is set up, will access it only through SSH. I don't want to spend a lot of money (maybe $500), and I don't want to buy another monitor or keyboard just to through them away after the server is setup. My question is how do I access the computer without a keyboard and monitor when I install the operating system? For media, I can use either the DVD or an ISO on the USB, so am good there. But how do I see what I am doing and enter commands without a monitor or keyboard? I have a Window 7 laptop, an XP laptop, and a CentOS laptop. Can I use one of my laptops to act as the MMI (Man Machine Interface)? If not, what is the easiest and least expensive option? Thank you

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• Can not input or print Chinese on PuTTY

  - by hetaoblog

  On Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 3, I've set my environment variable as below $ echo $LANG zh_CN.UTF-8 $ echo $LANGUAGE zh_CN.UTF-8 $ echo $SUPPORTED en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en:zh_CN.UTF-8 $ locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8 Meanwhile I've set PuTTY's transmission encoding as utf-8 and appearance-font setting to have a font as 'Fixedsys' which does support chinese. However, when I try to print a file with Chinese, it can not print it correctly $ cat 1.txt hello¦¦¦ $ and I can not input Chinese correctly on shell.

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• Why does cd print when run in command substitution?

  - by reasgt

  If I use the 'cd' BASH built-in in a command substitution, it prints extra stuff to stdout, but only when piped to, eg., less. $ echo `cd .` # The output is a single newline, appended by echo. $ echo `cd .` | less # less displays: ESC]2;my.hostname.com - tmp/testenv^G (END) What's going on there? This behavior isn't documented in the bash man page for cd. Obviously, running just 'cd' in a command substitution is silly, but something like NEWDIR=`cd mypath; pwd` could be useful. I solved this by instead using NEWVAR=`cd mypath > /dev/null 2>&1; pwd` but I still want to know what's going on. Bash Version: GNU bash, version 3.2.25(1)-release (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Distro: Scientific Linux SL release 5.5 (Boron)

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• What does the -P option do to mount?

  - by Simon

  I'm migrating from an archaic version of Red Hat to Ubuntu 9. When going through my old nfs mount script, I found that it contained the -P option. So my script looks like: sudo mount -t nfs -o -P ... It looks like the -P is one of the -o options. My question is: what does the -P option do? I've searched every man page I can find, with no luck. Could it have to do with privileged ports?

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• How to bypass AllowTCPFowarding=no by installing own forwarder?

  - by Eric B.

  In the man pages for sshd_config, for the AllowTCPForwarding option, it states: AllowTcpForwarding Specifies whether TCP forwarding is permitted. The default is “yes”. Note that disabling TCP forwarding does not improve security unless users are also denied shell access, as they can always install their own forwarders. How do I install my own forwarder? I have a remote server in which I disabled TCPForwarding a long while ago. I would like to "enable" it for myself only, by using my own forwarder, while keeping the forwarding closed to the other users. I've looked around, but cannot seem to find the right pkgs to accomplish this. Can anyone please elaborate? Thanks! Eric

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• RHEL 5/CentOS 5 - sshd becomes unresponsive

  - by ewwhite

  I have a number of CentOS 5.x and RHEL 5.x systems whose SSH daemons become unresponsive, preventing remote logins. The typical error from the connecting side is: $ ssh db1 db1 : ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host Examining /var/log/messages after a forced reboot shows the following leading up to the restart: Dec 10 10:45:51 db1 sshd[14593]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist Dec 10 10:46:02 db1 sshd[14595]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist Dec 10 10:46:54 db1 sshd[14711]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist Dec 10 10:47:38 db1 sshd[14730]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist These systems use LDAP authentication and the nsswitch.conf file is configured to look at local "files" first. [root@db1 ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf # # /etc/nsswitch.conf # passwd: files ldap shadow: files ldap group: files ldap hosts: files dns The Privilege-separated SSH user exists in the local password file. [root@db1 ~]# grep ssh /etc/passwd sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin Any ideas on what the root cause is? I did not see any Red Hat errata that covers this.

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• GNU/Linux: SAS-disk detected as /dev/sg7 - not as /dev/sdb

  - by Ole Tange

  I have just installed a SAS disk into a Debian server. It was detected correctly and everything was fine. Then I moved the SAS disk to a different Debian server, the same hardware model and running same version of Debian, but here the SAS disk is detected as /dev/sg7 and not /dev/sdb. smartctl -a /dev/sg7 works fine, but fdisk and cat hang. I tried putting the SAS disk in another slot: Same problem. How can I force the SAS disk to be detected as /dev/sdb? # uname -a Linux maxwell 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.41-2+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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