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  • How do I remove Nvidia drivers and revert to nouveau (12.04)?

    - by Zark
    I'd like to give the new nouveau drivers a try. When I try a Ubuntu live distro, they work pretty flawlessly, but I don't seem to be able to use them correctly on my installed system. What I do is remove Nvidia drivers from the Additional drivers utility and reboot, but what I get is no 3D acceleration and low resolution on my monitor. What am I doing wrong? I wonder if I might have broken something when I messed up with grub trying to fix the infamous plymouth splash screen... Thanks for your support

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  • Difference in fans on Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04

    - by Timo
    I have bought a Hp Pavilion DV7 with Core i7 CPU and installed Ubuntu 12.04 on dual boot with Windows 7 alongside. Apart from the difference in battery life (although that's fixed with Jupiter), I have another problem with the fans. On Windows my fans work perfectly and the laptop is cool, but it seems to overheat in Ubuntu. It becomes quite hot and it looks like my fans are not working under Ubuntu. I think I'm having the same problem as How can I keep the cpu temp low?, but since I cannot comment because of the lack of reputation (?), I post the question as a new thread. I think the result of the overheating is that my keyboard doesn't seem to follow when I start typing a long text. It just freezes and types the last letter multiple times. For example: when I type the word freezes, it shows freeeee so the zes changed into eee...

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  • Can web apps allow fast data-typists to "type-ahead"?

    - by user61852
    In some data entry contexts, I've seen data typists, type really fast and know so well the app they use, and have a mechanic quality in their work so that they can "type ahead", ie continue typing and "tab-bing" and "enter-ing" faster than the display updates, so that in many occasions they are typing in the data for the next form before it draws itself. Then when this next entry form appears, their keystrokes fill the text boxes and they continue typing, selecting etc. In contexts like this, this speed is desirable, since this persons are really productive. I think this "type ahead of time" is only possible in desktop apps, but I may be wrong. My question is whether this way of handling the keyboard buffer (which in desktop apps require no extra programming) is achievable in web apps, or is this impossible because of the way web apps work, handle sessions, etc (network latency and the overhead of generating new web pages ) ? Edit: By "type ahead" I mean "keyboard type ahead" (typing faster than the next entry form can load), not suggets-as-you-type-like-google type ahead. Typeahead is a feature of computers and software (and some typewriters) that enables users to continue typing regardless of program or computer operation—the user may type in whatever speed he or she desires, and if the receiving software is busy at the time it will be called to handle this later. Often this means that keystrokes entered will not be displayed on the screen immediately. This programming technique for handling user what is known as a keyboard buffer.

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  • How do I get network working on a Dell n5010 - Ubuntu 10.04

    - by cyberroger
    Hey. I just formatted a Dell n5010 and installed Ubuntu 10.04. Now,when i try to access the Internet it doesn't find the available networks. Informations about it: My network is set to broadcast SSID; Already typed lspci, and it doesnt returns my wireless card; Tried installing windows drivers from fabricant cd usind diswrapper, but it says it cant complete the installation because it cant find some "Device" folder; I don't know what else to do, I switch the wireless button on/off and it just can't see any wireless connection, includin mine. Here are the informations about lspci: *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:12:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:fbc00000-fbc03fff And this: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 18) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 18) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 06) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 06) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 06) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 06) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev 06) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev 06) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 06) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a6) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 06) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 06) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller (rev 06) 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 06) 12:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation Device 4727 (rev 01) 13:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 02) Thanks!

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  • links for 2010-06-01

    - by Bob Rhubart
    Venkatakrishnan J: Oracle BI EE 10.1.3.4.1 -- Do we need measures in a Fact Table? Troubleshooting from Rittman Mead's Venkatakrishnan J. (tags: oracle otn businessintelligence datawarehouse) Grid container support : JavaFX Composer An overview how JavaFX Composer supports the grid container. (tags: oracle sun javafx) John Brunswick: Site Studio Mobile Example - WCM Reuse The example highlighted in John Brunswick's post takes advantage of dynamic conversion capabilities in Oracle UCM that allow site content to be created and updated via MS Office documents.  (tags: oracle otn enterprise2.0) @glassfish: GlassFish 3 in the EC2 Cloud powering Dutch and Belgian community polls "The infrastructure is Amazon's Elastic Cloud Computing (EC2) environment because of the dynamic provisioning (elasticity) required by such an online service. Requests are handled directly by the grizzly layer of GlassFish with no extra front-end HTTP layer and shows great performance and scalability." -- The Aquarium (tags: oracle java sun glassfish cloud) James Morle: Flash Storage Will Be Cheap: The End of the World is Nigh "We now need technologies that look more like Oracle Exadata v2, with low-latency RDMA interfaces directly into the Operating System/Database. However, they need to easily and natively support other types of storage (unstructured data such as files, VMware datastores and so forth). The Exadata architecture lends itself well to changes in this area in both hardware trends and access protocols." -- James Morle (tags: oracle otn exadata database architecture virtualization) Java / Oracle SOA blog: HTTP binding in Soa Suite 11g PS2 (tags: ping.fm) Confessions of a Software Developer: Some Tips for Installing Oracle BPM 11g on Windows XP (tags: ping.fm) SOA and Java using Oracle technology: Book review: Oracle Coherence 3.5: Create internet scale applications using Oracle's high-performance data grid (tags: ping.fm)

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  • Car Modelling for race game

    - by Mert Toka
    I am taking Computer Graphics course this semester and we have a video game competition. I am making racing game with simulated dynamics. Our professor told us that we don't have to do much of a modelling but since we haven't started the gaming part and since I have free time I want to model the car. My question is firstly which software do you recommend to design game components? I know Maya right now. Secondly, if I design the car or any other part, what should its polygon count in order to run game smoothly? I can design pretty much everything but I assume that it is hard to design low-poly models.

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  • Process Centric Banking: Loan Origination Solution

    - by Manish Palaparthy
    There is an old proverb that goes, "The difference between theory and practice is greater in practice than in theory". So, we keep doing numerous "Proof of Concepts" with our own products on various business cases to analyze them deeply, understand and explain to our customers. We then present our learnings as they happened. The awareness of each PoC should help readers increase the trustworthiness of the results coming out of these PoCs. I present one such PoC where we invested a lot of time&effort.  Process Centric Banking : Loan Origination Solution Loan Origination is a process by which a borrower applies for a new loan and the lender processes that application. Loan origination includes the series of steps taken by the bank from the point the customer shows interest in a loan product all the way to disbursal of funds. The Loan Origination process is relevant for many kind of lenders in Financial services: Banks, Credit Unions, NBFCs(Non Banking Financial Companies) and so on. For simplicity sake, I will use "Bank" as the lending institution in the rest of my article.  Loan Origination is one of the core processes for Banks as it is the process by which the it creates assets against which the Institution earns most of its profits from. A well tuned loan origination process can affect the Bank in many positive ways. Banks have always shown great interest in automating the loan origination process for the above reason. However, due the constant changes in customer environment, market dynamics, prevailing economic conditions, cost pressures & regulatory environment they run into lot of challenges. Let me categorize some of these challenges for you Customer Environment Multiple Channels: Customer can use any of the available channels (Internet Banking, Email, Fax, Branch, Phone Banking, ATM, Broker, Mobile, Snail Mail) to perform all or some of the activities related to her Visibility into the origination process: Expect immediate update on the status of loan processing & alert messages Reduced Turn Around Time: Expect loans to be processed with least turn around time Reduced loan processing fees: Partly due to market dynamics the customer expects the loan processing fee to be negligible Market Dynamics Competitive environment:  The competition keeps creating many variants of loan products to attract customers, the bank needs to create similar product variants with better offers to attract customers or keep existing ones Ability to migrate loans from one vendor to another: It has become really easy for retail customers to move from one bank to the other given the low fee of loan processing and highly attractive offers. How does the bank protect it's customer base while actively engaging with potential customers banking with competitor banks Flexibility to react to market developments: Market development greatly influence loan processing, underwriting, asset valuation, risk mitigation rules. Can the bank modify rules and policies, the idea is not just to react to market developments but to pro-actively manage new developments Economic conditions Constant change in various rates and their implications on the rates and rules applied when on-boarding a loan: How quickly can the bank apply changes to rates offered to customers when the central bank changes various rates Requirements of Audit by the central banker: Tough economic conditions have demanded much more stringent audit rules and tests. The banks needs to produce ready reports(historic & operational) for audit compliance Risk Mitigation: While risk mitigation has always been a key concern for the bank, this is the area where the bank's underwriters & risk analysts spend the maximum time when processing a loan application. In order to reduce TAT the bank cannot compromise on its risk mitigation strategies Cost pressures Reduce Cost of processing per application: To deliver a reduced loan processing fee to the customer, the bank needs to keep its cost per processing loan application low. Meet customer TAT expectations while reducing the queues and the systems being used to process the loan application: The loan application could potentially be spending a lot of time waiting in the queue for further processing. Different volumes & patterns of applications demand different queuing algorithms. The bank needs to have real-time visibility into these queues and have the flexibility to change queuing algorithms at runtime  Increase the use of electronic communication and reduce the branch channel usage: Lesser automation leads not only leads to Increased turn around time, it also impacts more costs to reach out to customers The objective of our PoC was to implement a Loan Origination Solution whose ownership lies with the bank and effectively meet the challenges listed above. We built a simple story board for the solution We then went about implementing our storyboard using Oracle BPM Suite, Webcenter Content : Imaging. The web UI has been built on ADF technolgies, while the integration with core-services has been implemented using the underlying SOA infrastructure. The BPM process model is quite exhaustive can meet all the challenges listed above to reasonable degree. A bank intending to implement an end-to-end Loan Origination Solution has multiple options at it's disposal. It can Develop a customer Loan Origination Application from scratch: Gives maximum opportunity to build what you want but inflexible to upgrade and maintain. Higher TCO in long term Buy a Packaged application & customize it: Customizing a generic loan application can be tedious and prove as difficult as above. Build it using many disparate & un-integrated tools: Initially seems easier than developing from scratch. But, without integrated tool sets this is not a viable approach either or A solution based on a Framework: Independent Services and Business Process Modeling provide decoupled architecture that is flexible. We built this framework end-to-end with processes the core process of loan origination & several sub-processes such as Analyse and define customer needs, customer credit verification, identity check processes, legal review process, New customer registration & risk assessment.

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  • Prewritten App for Used Car Dealer?

    - by Shawn Eary
    Is there somewhere I can find a prewritten WebApp (with database) for a used car dealer? The application would need to support the following: Easy setup in a low cost Shared or Cloud Host Give potential customers easy way to browse current inventory (cars on lot) with suggested prices Give dealership easy way to login and update inventory (cars on lot) and suggested prices Give potential customers easy way to send the dealership an inquiry about a specific vehicle on the lot with CAPTCHA style SPAM protection I prefer ASP.NET MVC and Microsoft SQL Server, but I might consider other technologies such as WebForms and LightSwitch (HTML5). I am reasonably comfortable with MVC and WebForms, but I really don't want to waste a bunch of time writing an application that might already exist. I did find a few interesting templates via Bing that seem to control CSS and Layout, but I'm not sure if they contain any business logic or if they would integrate well into an MVC App.

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  • Recover files from NTFS drive with bad sectors

    - by Martin
    A few nights ago I have created a backup of my data on an external 500 GB NTFS USB hard drive. I have then formatted my computer, reinstalled Ubuntu and started transferring back the data from the external HDD. Unfortunately some files have became corrupted and Ubuntu is unable to copy them over. The same issue happens if I login using Windows 7. Disk Utility detects with SMART that there are "a few bad sectors". Some of files are perfectly intact, but other files cannot be accessed (nor read, copied...) although they are displayed within nautilus and show the correct file size. Is there anything I can do to recover this data? I have thought of using TestDisk but this utility seems more useful for repairing lost partitions or deleted files. I have also thought of using ddrescue so I could at least have a low level copy of the disk but I am not sure what use to make of it in order to recover the data!!!

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  • How can I unit test a class which requires a web service call?

    - by Chris Cooper
    I'm trying to test a class which calls some Hadoop web services. The code is pretty much of the form: method() { ...use Jersey client to create WebResource... ...make request... ...do something with response... } e.g. there is a create directory method, a create folder method etc. Given that the code is dealing with an external web service that I don't have control over, how can I unit test this? I could try and mock the web service client/responses but that breaks the guideline I've seen a lot recently: "Don't mock objects you don't own". I could set up a dummy web service implementation - would that still constitute a "unit test" or would it then be an integration test? Is it just not possible to unit test at this low a level - how would a TDD practitioner go about this?

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  • How important is it for a programmer to have an online presence?

    - by Jer
    I've noticed more and more mentions (both in posts here and in actual job descriptions) of programmers's "portfolios" - typically their public profiles on sites such as this, github, etc. How important is this, and would companies (startups in particular) reject (or immediately discard withouth even interviewing) otherwise outstanding candidates who don't have an online presence? Personally, I prefer to keep a very low profile online. My name here cannot identify me, and I have other handles for other sites. I have a very spartan (and completely private) Facebook page. I do code on my own but the code lives in local repositories. In general, the less information online about me, the better. I could see a designer needing some sort of online portfolio, but for a programmer, is this really a big negative when job-searching?

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  • Microsoft Researchers shows off best Touch Screen ever made. Better than Apple touch screens!

    - by Gopinath
    All the touch devices we have in market today like iPads, iPhones, Samsung tablets and phones, etc.  have a very small issue – 100 milliseconds of lag. The lag is the amount of time a touch device takes to respond after you touch the device. The 100 milliseconds of lag may not be an issue when you are tapping and swapping the interface elements on a device, but they are apparent when you wing your finger around the screen faster. For example if you use any painting app, the lag is very obvious and screen responds slowly than an artist can paint with his finger. Researchers at Microsoft labs came out with a prototype of touch device that drastically cuts down the 100 milliseconds of lag time to just 1 millisecond. That’s 100 times faster than today’s touch screen devices. Check out the video embedded below for a demo of new touch screen. Over at TechCrunch, Chris Velazco says: The difference is staggering, especially when Dietz trots out the slow-motion footage. With the delay between touch input and screen response slashed by orders of magnitude, a device that sports the sort of super-low-latency Dietz envisions has the potential to feel far more (for lack of a better term) natural than its brethren. There’s zero delay when you slide a checker across a board, for example, and bringing that sort of instantaneous feedback to the many screens in our lives could help to bridge the gap between operating a bit of software and the feeling of interacting with objects.   It will be great boost to Microsoft’s tablet strategy if they succeed in bringing this research into mass market and allow it’s partners to use the technology on Windows 8 tablets.

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  • What is the most effective way to add functionality to unfamiliar, structurally unsound code?

    - by Coder
    This is probably something everyone has to face during the development sooner or later. You have an existing code written by someone else, and you have to extend it to work under new requirements. Sometimes it's simple, but sometimes the modules have medium to high coupling and medium to low cohesion, so the moment you start touching anything, everything breaks. And you don't feel that it's fixed correctly when you get the new and old scenarios working again. One approach would be to write tests, but in reality, in all cases I've seen, that was pretty much impossible (reliance on GUI, missing specifications, threading, complex dependencies and hierarchies, deadlines, etc). So everything sort of falls back to good ol' cowboy coding approach. But I refuse to believe there is no other systematic way that would make everything easier. Does anyone know a better approach, or the name of the methodology that should be used in such cases?

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  • How to increase ad revenue

    - by Brian515
    I have an Android game in which I've included ads from Millennial Media and Admob. Between these two networks, my fill rate is consistently above 95%. Right now, I'm getting over 45,000 requests for ads per day, and I'm starting to see exponential growth. But, my eCpm for both Millennial and Admob is ridiculously low. Millennial's is $.12 and Admob's is $.01. I've been reading some other posts and it seems like people are getting between $1 and $4 per 1,000 views. How can increase mine? Thank you!

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  • Does DirectX implement Triple Buffering?

    - by Asik
    As AnandTech put it best in this 2009 article: In render ahead, frames cannot be dropped. This means that when the queue is full, what is displayed can have a lot more lag. Microsoft doesn't implement triple buffering in DirectX, they implement render ahead (from 0 to 8 frames with 3 being the default). The major difference in the technique we've described here is the ability to drop frames when they are outdated. Render ahead forces older frames to be displayed. Queues can help smoothness and stuttering as a few really quick frames followed by a slow frame end up being evened out and spread over more frames. But the price you pay is in lag (the more frames in the queue, the longer it takes to empty the queue and the older the frames are that are displayed). As I understand it, DirectX "Swap Chain" is merely a render ahead queue, i.e. buffers cannot be dropped; the longer the chain, the greater the input latency. At the same time, I find it hard to believe that the most widely used graphics API would not implement such fundamental functionality correctly. Is there a way to get proper triple buffered vertical synchronisation in DirectX?

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  • Are there any risk if your DNS's SOA or admin contact are using the same domain as the DNS

    - by Yoga
    For example, Google.com [1] The SOA email is : dns-admin.google.com The contact is: Administrative Contact: DNS Admin Google Inc. dns-admin.google.com As you can see, both are using google.com, I am thinking it is safe to use the same domain, i.e. consider the case you lost control of the domain, you can receive email also. (Of course Google is a public company so the chance is low, but might occur for smaller company that their domain might be stolen..) So, do you recommend use your the same domain as the contact or others free services such as gmail? [1] http://whois.domaintools.com/google.com

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  • Do search engines directly penalize bad grammar?

    - by Nicolas Raoul
    Let's say I have a web page with user-contributed content, which is good content but with bad grammar, slang terms, inappropriate tone. I know that bad grammar is a also a problem because it drives away visitors and scares people from linking to it, but let's put that aside. Let's also put aside the fact that incorrectly spelt terms might be ignored by a crawler, potentially leading to less text-comparizon hits. QUESTION: Do search engines like Google directly recognize and penalize bad grammar? For instance because they might consider bad-grammar as a sign of low-quality content.

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  • Do any CDN services offer multiple urls (or aliases) for your files?

    - by Jakobud
    Lets say a company has multiple commercial web properties that happen to use a lot of the same images on each site. For SEO reasons, the sites must not appear to be related to eachother in any way. This means that the sites can't all link to the same image, even though they all use the same one. Therefore, an image is uploaded to each site and served from each site separately. In order to improve maintainability and latency, lets say the company wanted to use a CDN service. What I'm wondering is, if you upload a file, like an image or something, to a CDN, is there basically one single URL that you access that image at? Or do some (or all) CDN services offer alias URLs so that you can access the same resource from multiple URLs? Example of undesirable situation: Both sites link to the same file URL Site ABC links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-path/myimage.jpg"/> Site XYZ links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-path/myimage.jpg"/> Example of DESIRABLE situation: Both sites link to the same file via different URLs Site ABC links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-path/myimage.jpg"/> Site XYZ links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-alias-path/myimage.jpg"/> So in the end, there is only one single file, myimage.jpg on the CDN server, but it is accessible from multiple URLs. Is this possible with CDN services? I know this would make browsers cache the same image twice, but at least it would be better for maintainability. Only one file would ever have to be uploaded.

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  • Dell N7110 i7 overheats and doesn't boot when anything is plugged into the USB3 port

    - by Kostyantyn
    When i plug in any devices (mouse, keyboard) into usb 3.0 system dell n7110 overheats and fan goes crazy with terrible noise. So i'm using 1 usb 2.0 slot now with a usb hub. It doesn't solve the problem completely but system stays at a low fan rate for a longer time. I've tried to lower CPU frequency, but in my case (DELL INSPIRON N7110 i7 on Linux 3.0.0-14-generic #23-Ubuntu SMP Mon Nov 21 20:28:43 UTC 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux) CPU was pretty cool (51 C) and still the same horrible fan noise. Looks like there is no such problems with ubuntu 10.04 (but there're some other problems). Ubuntu even doesn't boot if anything is plugged into usb 3.0

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  • In-Memory OLTP Sample for SQL Server 2014 RTM

    - by Damian
    I have just found a very good resource about Hekaton (In-memory OLTP feature in the SQL Server 2014). On the Codeplex site you can find the newest Hekaton samples - https://msftdbprodsamples.codeplex.com/releases/view/114491. The latest samples we have were related to the CTP2 version but the newest will work with the RTM version.There are some issues fixed you might find if you tried to run the previous samples on the RTM version:Update (Apr 28, 2014): Fixed an issue where the isolation level for sample stored procedures demonstrating integrity checks was too low. The transaction isolation level for the following stored procedures was updated: Sales.uspInsertSpecialOfferProductinmem, Sales.uspDeleteSpecialOfferinmem, Production.uspInsertProductinmem, and Production.uspDeleteProductinmem. 

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  • how to process document state transition?

    - by brick
    Imagine there is an application (ASP.NET MVC) that processes some documents. The document must be revised several times by different group of users. state/role rules: simple user can only publish document; (priority: low) userGroup1 can switch it to next state or reject it; (priority: higher) userGroup2 can confirm previous state and switch it to next gradual state or reject it; (priority: highest) How to implement such a workflow in ASP.NET MVC? How to impelement UI, views so that group with lower priority can both visually/technically perform only allowed transitions? Can I somehow extend that system: link? Do I need extras like service bus, event sourcing for that?

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  • What programming Language Would you learn to Re-engineer USB Devices? [closed]

    - by user70113
    Currently Work in IT support and am retraining in electrical engineering / electronics, I am also interested in Reverse Engineering which language would be best for Hardware RE, I have seen a few sources say C, C++ and Python? I am not familiar with Linux, but installed Ubuntu to learn with. I am not a programmer. Far from it. But, I can understand enough basic VB,Java and PHP to edit it for simple things. One of my immediate projects would be to learn to reverse engineer USB devices and write my own low level drivers. I know there are porting kits, but I really want to know it from the ground up. Thanks for any advise folks Most Appreciated.

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  • Consuming JSON stream into AWS Database on the cheap

    - by wjl
    I'm working on a project that needs to consume a JSON stream (approximately 1MB / minute), and parse and insert objects into a database. Amazon's DynamoDB or SimpleDB seem like attractive options for this. Is there a web service that can run a very simple script to eat the data and put it in a database? I could use a worker on Heroku or Elastic Beanstalk, or even pure EC2, but I'd like to find a service that's much cheaper, due to the very low amount of bandwidth and CPU required. (Sorry for the crappy tags. I'm not even sure where to categorize this question.)

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  • Improving mdadm RAID-6 write speed

    - by BarsMonster
    Hi! I have a mdadm RAID-6 in my home server of 5x1Tb WD Green HDDs. Read speed is more than enough - 268 Mb/s in dd. But write speed is just 37.1 Mb/s. (Both tested via dd on 48Gb file, RAM size is 1Gb, block size used in testing is 8kb) Could you please suggest why write speed is so low and is there any ways to improve it? CPU usage during writing is just 25% (i.e. half of 1 core of Opteron 165) No business critical data there & server is UPS-backed. mdstat is: Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md0 : active raid6 sda1[0] sdd1[4] sde1[3] sdf1[2] sdb1[1] 2929683456 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 1024k chunk, algorithm 2 [5/5] [UUUUU] bitmap: 0/8 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk unused devices: <none> Any suggestions?

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  • The Joy Of Hex

    - by Jim Giercyk
    While working on a mainframe integration project, it occurred to me that some basic computer concepts are slipping into obscurity. For example, just about anyone can tell you that a 64-bit processor is faster than a 32-bit processer. A grade school child could tell you that a computer “speaks” in ‘1’s and ‘0’s. Some people can even tell you that there are 8 bits in a byte. However, I have found that even the most seasoned developers often can’t explain the theory behind those statements. That is not a knock on programmers; in the age of IntelliSense, what reason do we have to work with data at the bit level? Many computer theory classes treat bit-level programming as a thing of the past, no longer necessary now that storage space is plentiful. The trouble with that mindset is that the world is full of legacy systems that run programs written in the 1970’s.  Today our jobs require us to extract data from those systems, regardless of the format, and that often involves low-level programming. Because it seems knowledge of the low-level concepts is waning in recent times, I thought a review would be in order.       CHARACTER: See Spot Run HEX: 53 65 65 20 53 70 6F 74 20 52 75 6E DECIMAL: 83 101 101 32 83 112 111 116 32 82 117 110 BINARY: 01010011 01100101 01100101 00100000 01010011 01110000 01101111 01110100 00100000 01010010 01110101 01101110 In this example, I have broken down the words “See Spot Run” to a level computers can understand – machine language.     CHARACTER:  The character level is what is rendered by the computer.  A “Character Set” or “Code Page” contains 256 characters, both printable and unprintable.  Each character represents 1 BYTE of data.  For example, the character string “See Spot Run” is 12 Bytes long, exclusive of the quotation marks.  Remember, a SPACE is an unprintable character, but it still requires a byte.  In the example I have used the default Windows character set, ASCII, which you can see here:  http://www.asciitable.com/ HEX:  Hex is short for hexadecimal, or Base 16.  Humans are comfortable thinking in base ten, perhaps because they have 10 fingers and 10 toes; fingers and toes are called digits, so it’s not much of a stretch.  Computers think in Base 16, with numeric values ranging from zero to fifteen, or 0 – F.  Each decimal place has a possible 16 values as opposed to a possible 10 values in base 10.  Therefore, the number 10 in Hex is equal to the number 16 in Decimal.  DECIMAL:  The Decimal conversion is strictly for us humans to use for calculations and conversions.  It is much easier for us humans to calculate that [30 – 10 = 20] in decimal than it is for us to calculate [1E – A = 14] in Hex.  In the old days, an error in a program could be found by determining the displacement from the entry point of a module.  Since those values were dumped from the computers head, they were in hex. A programmer needed to convert them to decimal, do the equation and convert back to hex.  This gets into relative and absolute addressing, a topic for another day.  BINARY:  Binary, or machine code, is where any value can be expressed in 1s and 0s.  It is really Base 2, because each decimal place can have a possibility of only 2 characters, a 1 or a 0.  In Binary, the number 10 is equal to the number 2 in decimal. Why only 1s and 0s?  Very simply, computers are made up of lots and lots of transistors which at any given moment can be ON ( 1 ) or OFF ( 0 ).  Each transistor is a bit, and the order that the transistors fire (or not fire) is what distinguishes one value from  another in the computers head (or CPU).  Consider 32 bit vs 64 bit processing…..a 64 bit processor has the capability to read 64 transistors at a time.  A 32 bit processor can only read half as many at a time, so in theory the 64 bit processor should be much faster.  There are many more factors involved in CPU performance, but that is the fundamental difference.    DECIMAL HEX BINARY 0 0 0000 1 1 0001 2 2 0010 3 3 0011 4 4 0100 5 5 0101 6 6 0110 7 7 0111 8 8 1000 9 9 1001 10 A 1010 11 B 1011 12 C 1100 13 D 1101 14 E 1110 15 F 1111   Remember that each character is a BYTE, there are 2 HEX characters in a byte (called nibbles) and 8 BITS in a byte.  I hope you enjoyed reading about the theory of data processing.  This is just a high-level explanation, and there is much more to be learned.  It is safe to say that, no matter how advanced our programming languages and visual studios become, they are nothing more than a way to interpret bits and bytes.  There is nothing like the joy of hex to get the mind racing.

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