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• Linux boot - stop the kernel switching to a new framebuffer mode clearing output

  - by Avio

  I'm working on an embedded system (based onUbuntu 12.04 LTS) and I'm customizing its kernel. I'm having some problem with upstart, mountall and plymouth. Nothing unsolvable I suppose, but the real problem is that I can't diagnose properly what's going on because the kernel (or maybe plymouth) changes the video mode in the middle of the boot process. This completely wipes entire lines of log and prevents any debugging of kernel misconfigurations. My Grub2 config seems to be ok with: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="acpi=force noplymouth" GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768x32 GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep Here is some relevant output of lspci: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GSE Express Memory Controller Hub (rev 03) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GSE Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03) 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS/GME, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03) And here is the relevant portion of my kernel configuration: CONFIG_AGP=y CONFIG_AGP_INTEL=y CONFIG_VGA_ARB=y CONFIG_VGA_ARB_MAX_GPUS=16 CONFIG_DRM=y CONFIG_DRM_KMS_HELPER=y CONFIG_DRM_I915=y CONFIG_DRM_I915_KMS=y CONFIG_VIDEO_OUTPUT_CONTROL=y CONFIG_FB=y CONFIG_FB_BOOT_VESA_SUPPORT=y CONFIG_FB_CFB_FILLRECT=y CONFIG_FB_CFB_COPYAREA=y CONFIG_FB_CFB_IMAGEBLIT=y CONFIG_FB_MODE_HELPERS=y CONFIG_FB_VESA=y CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_LCD_SUPPORT=y CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_CLASS_DEVICE=y CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE=y CONFIG_VGACON_SOFT_SCROLLBACK=y CONFIG_VGACON_SOFT_SCROLLBACK_SIZE=640 CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE=y CONFIG_FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE=y CONFIG_FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE_DETECT_PRIMARY=y CONFIG_FONT_8x8=y CONFIG_FONT_8x16=y CONFIG_LOGO=y CONFIG_LOGO_LINUX_MONO=y CONFIG_LOGO_LINUX_VGA16=y CONFIG_LOGO_LINUX_CLUT224=y Every other custom/stock kernel boot fine with that Grub2 config. What I would like to have is a single flow of messages on a single console (retaining one screen resolution) from the bootup logo till the login prompt. Does anybody know what I have to tweak to achieve this?

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• Booting Ubuntu as VM with KVM on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by CrazycodeMonkey

  I am trying to boot my very first VM using KVM. I have Ubuntu 12.04 installed, i made sure the BIOS had the right virtualization flag enabled for intel processor by running kvm-ok. I have researched this on google and all the instructions that i have found so far are outdated. for e.g. most instructions talk about booting a virtual machine with the following commands qemu-img create -f qcow2 foo.img 100G --- create a virtual disk for your VM kvm --name foo -m 1024 -hda foo.img -cdrom whatever.iso -boot d -- This runs kvm. This command line is incomplete. First you need to be root to run this. Second- it is missing option for the video device. When you run this command you get the following error "Could not initialize SDL(No available video device) - exiting" Googled this error and looked it up on stackover flow http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4841908/sdl-init-failure-reason-is-no-available-video-device The answer provided here does not work on Ubuntu 12.04 Googled this problem further and found out that i need to specify a video device so I finally ran the following command sudo kvm --name mymachine -m 8096 -hda myimage.img --cdrom ubuntu.iso -boot d -vga cirruss -k en-us -vmc :0 This was after I had created the myimage.img image on the drive. Now this command does not give me an error but it just hangs. Does anyone have clear instructions on how to run a VM using KVM on Ubuntu?

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• Mount EC2 instance via SSH on Mac OS X

  - by darkporter

  OK I just can't figure this out. I have an EC2 instance, which I'm able to SSH into just fine with: ssh -i XXXX.pem [email protected] I can even make it slick from the command line by creating a ~/.ssh/config with this in it: Host XXXX HostName XXXX User ubuntu IdentityFile ~/.ec2/XXXX.pem Which allows me to simple do a ssh XXXX with no -i option. Now, I want to mount this via SSH. I've tried MacFuse/SSHFS, MacFusion and ExpandDrive, but no luck. It's supposed to "just work" but the SSH-related command line utilities and the Keychain Access program in OS X is confusing and opaque to me. From what I've read, these GUI programs don't care about .ssh/config, they care about the Keychain. Somehow I can associate my domain name I'm connecting to with a particular "identity" private key file (.pem file) but I have no idea how. I tried this: ssh-add -K XXXX.pem Which does add to the Keychain but it's not associated to a particular domain. These GUI mounting programs I mentioned all just spin and do nothing when I try to connect passwordless. No keychain prompt, no nothing. I've pretty much given up and I'm thinking about just setting up an SMB server, but I'd rather just go over SSH since I believe it's possible.

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• How to increase the speed between two external hard drives on my laptop?

  - by Roman

  Hello, I own Sony Vaio Z laptop with two external USB ports. It's quite new and has USB 2.0 support. I'm using Vista x64 on it. I also have two external usb hard drives, Iomega 500GB and WD for 1TB. Every hard drive has USB 2.0 support. I connect two devices to my laptop and trying to copy date from one hard drive to another. But it takes a lot of time! The speed is about 15 Megabytes per second. I have to wait toooooo long to copy all the information from one hard drive to another. When I try to copy information from my internal (SSD) hard drive, it works fine for both external drives. The speed is very high and it shows me something about 100 Megabytes per second. It makes me feel that USB 2.0 is OK on both drives. But when I'm trying to copy from one external drive to another external, I still get very low speed. I checked out Device Manager and here is the settings I have: (sorry, can't upload image because of my rating, check this url: http://picbite.com/image/122073daljo/ ) I think it's because two of my external drives use the same USB 2.0 controller. Is there any way to make it work faster? Is it possible to move one of my USB ports to other USB 2.0 controller? Or is there any software which can help me to automate copying all the files thru my internal drive? I have only about 3 gigabytes free space on internal drive and it's quite difficult to move manually every file from one hard drive to internal and then again to another internal.

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• How to increase the speed between two external hard drives on my laptop?

  - by Roman

  Hello, I own Sony Vaio Z laptop with two external USB ports. It's quite new and has USB 2.0 support. I'm using Vista x64 on it. I also have two external usb hard drives, Iomega 500GB and WD for 1TB. Every hard drive has USB 2.0 support. I connect two devices to my laptop and trying to copy date from one hard drive to another. But it takes a lot of time! The speed is about 15 Megabytes per second. I have to wait toooooo long to copy all the information from one hard drive to another. When I try to copy information from my internal (SSD) hard drive, it works fine for both external drives. The speed is very high and it shows me something about 100 Megabytes per second. It makes me feel that USB 2.0 is OK on both drives. But when I'm trying to copy from one external drive to another external, I still get very low speed. I checked out Device Manager and here is the settings I have: (sorry, can't upload image because of my rating, check this url: http://picbite.com/image/122073daljo/ ) I think it's because two of my external drives use the same USB 2.0 controller. Is there any way to make it work faster? Is it possible to move one of my USB ports to other USB 2.0 controller? Or is there any software which can help me to automate copying all the files thru my internal drive? I have only about 3 gigabytes free space on internal drive and it's quite difficult to move manually every file from one hard drive to internal and then again to another internal.

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• domain user disabling screensaver

  - by RASG

  I have the following situation: Due to security reasons the screensaver is activated after 10 minutes, and immediately locks the screen. There are GPOs preventing the user from changing the screensaver parameters and the background image. In order to bypass the background policy, some users are using bginfo The problem is that for some reason now the screensaver doesn't work anymore. The settings are still the same (10 minutes; locked to the user) and comparing snapshots of the registry before and after executing bginfo doesn't show any significant modification. Any hints? EDIT 1: Ok, i figured whats going on, but now i have another question. bginfo refreshes the user settings by reading HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop, which has ScreenSaveActive. If the user set it to 0, disables the screensaver. Why isnt HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Control Panel\Desktop, which sets ScreenSaveActive to 1, being enforced? or if it is being enforced, where is bginfo storing the value 0, and how can it bypass the policy? EDIT 2: I also discovered that after setting any value to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop\ScreenSaveActive, it can be deleted and the last value will remain active. For some reason HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Control Panel\Desktop\ScreenSaveActive value is not being enforced to the user.

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• Ubuntu in failed state after upgrade from 10.04 to 10.10 - How to recover?

  - by Harvey

  I was running Ubuntu 10.04 and attempted to upgrade to 10.10. I have a really slow connection (DSL 128kbits/sec) and copying the upgrade files took about 26 hours. I of course let it run unattended. When I came back, I notice the following 3 dlgs: 1. Could not install the upgrades The upgrade has aborted. Your system could be in an unusable state. A recovery will run now (dpkg -- configure -a). 2. gpk-update-icon Distribution upgrades available maverick 10.10 (stable) [more information] [Do no show this again] [Cancel] [Ok] 3. gpk-update-icon Security updates available The following important updates are available for your computer: libwebkit-1.0-2-dbg - Web content engine library for Gtk+ - Debugging symbols libcupsimage2 - Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - Raster image library ... What is the best response to all of this? I went through something similar in an attempted network upgrade from 8.04 to 10.04 and had to reload the unbootable machine fresh from distribution media (all data was lost). I'd like to avoid that here. I have not yet responded to the dialogs, and want to make sure the system is still bootable and not lose my data this time.

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• Converting a Windows 2003 server

  - by Jim Bass

  We have a legacy database system based upon MS SQL running on Windows Server 2003. The client software will only run on Windows XP. We have recently had success converting a client into a virtual machine and running it under Fusion on Mac minis. So far, it is working incredibly well. So well, in fact, that we are now considering trying to convert the server to a virtual machine. This raises several questions, though: 1. The server uses a raid array. Does the VM virtualize the raid array? I only ask because in my experience Windows products don't like it when you change core hardware. 2. Is there any reason why running SQL server on a virtual machine won't work? It will be up 24/7. 3. Is there a different converter for servers? 4. Will I have to track down the licensing for MS SQL and Server 2003 or will they come across ok? 5. The company that designed the software is no longer in business. There is some fear that the software is somehow tied to the hardware configuration. We bought the hardware, but their engineers came out and configured the system. Will the virtual machine be able to spoof particular chip sets? Thanks! Jim Bass

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• ixgbe driver: Limit the max number of cores

  - by Shellex Wai

  I have a Linux workstation with 48 cores and runs ixgbe driver for fiber interface. And I have to test a project name Netmap on it. NetMap is a high performance network framework for high speed interfaces, which has been ported to Linux recently. For some reasons, I must try it on the machine. So I compile it and follow the instructions to run the test problems, but it doesn't work. I check dmesg and it says: [10399.085736] 794.159015 netmap_set_ringid [486] ringid o4o1 set to all 48 HW RINGS [10399.085742] 794.282011 netmap_obj_malloc [220] netmap_if request size 816 too large I asked the author of netmap for help. He told me that I have too many cores in the machine and it should work if I tell ixgbe use less cores (2 to 4 is ok). I am not familiar to driver development and I don't know how to limit the ring numbers by passing arguments to ixgbe driver. So I check the spec from intel's website but found nothing about it. So I come here for more helps. Thank you.

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• Upgrade SQLServer 2008 hardware

  - by John

  Forgive me if I'm not able to be totally clear here. It is not intentional, I'm a senior level developer in a very small company having to act like a manager at the moment. Anyway, the story is that we have 2 older dell servers with SQL Server 2008 Standard in a "cluster". I put that in quotes because I'm still not 100% clear what that means. We have 2 brand new blade servers and want to move the existing databases to the new hardware. Ok, so here is the gotcha. We need to do this with little or no down time. I'm being told that we can evict the passive node, then pull in one of the new servers. But I'm also being told that this is a dangerous step because something could go wrong that would cause the cluster to fail and then we would be left with nothing because the active server would not be able to come back up. Does anyone have any thoughts on how to handle this? I'm being told that the only way to ensure success is to have at least a day of down time where we bring up a new cluster on the new hardware and then migrate the databases 1 by 1.

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• TCP dies on a Linux laptop

  - by Roman Cheplyaka

  Once in several days I have the following problem. My laptop (Debian GNU/Linux testing) suddenly becomes unable to work with TCP connections to the internet. The following things continue to work fine: UDP (DNS), ICMP (ping) — I get instant response TCP connections to other machines in the local network (e.g. I can ssh to a neighbour laptop) everything is ok for other machines in my LAN But when I try TCP connections from my laptop, they time out (no response to SYN packets). Here's a typical curl output: % curl -v google.com * About to connect() to google.com port 80 (#0) * Trying 173.194.39.105... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.110... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.97... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.102... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.98... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.96... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.103... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.99... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.101... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.104... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.100... * Timeout * Trying 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009... * Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable * Success * couldn't connect to host * Closing connection #0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable Restarting the connection and/or reloading the network card kernel module doesn't help. The only thing that helps is reboot. Clearly something is wrong with my system (everything else works fine), but I have no idea what exactly. I don't know how to reproduce this, but as I said, it happens every several days. My setup is a wireless router that is connected to the ISP via PPPoE. Any advice?

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• How to change mount to grant user write permissions?

  - by nals

  I am on TomatoUSB, and using the feature to have a NAS. The only way I can write to the Samba share is if I force root: [global] interfaces = 127.0.0.1, 192.168.1.1/24 bind interfaces only = no workgroup = WORKGROUP netbios name = TOMATO security = share wins support = yes name resolve order = wins lmhosts hosts bcast guest account = nobody [Public] path = /mnt/sda2 read only = no public = yes only guest = yes guest ok = yes browseable = yes comment = Network share force user = root writeable = yes I dont really like the idea having to use root to allow write access to my share. I have a samba account created already named nobody to allow access to the share. However every time I try to write I get access denied error. fstab: /dev/sda2 /mnt/sda2 vfat defaults 0 0 Further more every time I try to chmod 777 /tmp/mnt/sda2 the permissions are not changed, and no error is produced. They stay 755. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 01:49 sda2 Basically; how can I give the user nobody write permissions to my mount? dev name: /dev/sda2 dev mount: /tmp/mnt/sda2

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• Ubuntu 10.04->10.10 in failed state - how to recover?

  - by Harvey

  I was running Ubuntu 10.04 and attempted to upgrade to 10.10. I have a really slow connection (DSL 128kbits/sec) and copying the upgrade files took about 26 hours. I of course let it run unattended. When I came back, I notice the following 3 dlgs: (1) "Could not install the upgrades The upgrade has aborted. Your system could be in an unusable state. A recovery will run now (dpkg -- configure -a)." (2) "gpk-update-icon Distribution upgrades available maverick 10.10 (stable) [more information] [Do no show this again] [Cancel] [Ok]" (3) "gpk-update-icon Security updates available The following important updates are available for your computer: libwebkit-1.0-2-dbg - Web content engine library for Gtk+ - Debugging symbols libcupsimage2 - Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - Raster image library ..." What is the best response to all of this? I went through something similar in an attempted network upgrade from 8.04 to 10.04 and had to reload the unbootable machine fresh from distribution media (all data was lost). I'd like to avoid that here. I have not yet responded to the dialogs, and want to make sure the system is still bootable and not lose my data this time.

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• Run GUI application via cronjob in Ubuntu?

  - by Christoffer

  Hi, I have a remote server running "Ubuntu 10.04 Desktop". From it I want to run a script that walks through a list of websites and captures screenshots of them. The script is working and thoroughly tested. When I SSH to the server with ssh -X user@ip-adress I can run my script by calling ./myscript.py and everything will work OK. I then modifed my crontab file and added... 59 17 * * * env DISPLAY=:0 /path/to/myscript.py ...as recommended by the Ubuntu WIKI. I can see in the /var/log/syslog that my cron job is started, but it doesn't capture any screenshots. When running env DISPLAY=:0 /path/to/myscript.py from the shell I get No protocol specified myscript.py: cannot connect to X server :0 If I ssh to the server without the -X option I only get the second row of the error: myscript.py: cannot connect to X server :0 What can I try now? More details I have run xhost +local: and checked the output of xhost to see that the option was set correctly. If I run ls /tmp/.X11-unix/ the output is X0 The server only has one screen. Thank you in advance!

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• Possible Solution for Setting up a Linux VPN Server to Encrypt WLAN Traffic of Macs and iPhones on

  - by GorillaPatch

  I would like to set up a VPN server on debian linux to encrypt wireless traffic coming from my Mac or iOS device. I would like to use a certificate-based solution. Setting up a PKI infrastructure and managing certificates is OK for me. 1. Which server to pick? By looking through the internet and here on stackoverflow I found the following possible solutions: strongSwan IPSec and racoon Which solution is feasible for a linode running debian squeeze? 2. How to configure the network? If I understood correctly a VPN has a virtual network interface as an endpoint on the server side. Naively I would think that I need a DHCP server running on the server to assign a dynamic private IP (like of the class C network 192.168.xxx.xxx) to the connecting clients. Next I think I would need to set up masquerading to NAT the incoming VPN traffic to the real interface directly connected to the internet. Is this the right way to go? Do you have any configuration examples? I often saw VPN configurations used to connect to your home network, but that is not what I am looking for. I have a server up in the internet and want to use it as a proxy to encrypt traffic in insecure network environments like public WLANs.

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• Wired to wireless bridge in Linux

  - by adrianmcmenamin

  I am attempting to set up my Raspberry Pi as a bridge (but I think this is not a question specific to the hardware) - using Debian wheezy. I have a hostapd.conf: (some details changed for security)... interface=wlan0 bridge=br0 driver=nl80211 auth_algs=1 macaddr_acl=0 ignore_broadcast_ssid=0 logger_syslog=-1 logger_syslog_level=0 hw_mode=g ssid=MY_SSID channel=11 wep_default_key=0 wep_key0=MY_KEY wpa=0 (yes, I know WEP is no good) And this in /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet dhcp allow-hotplug wlan0 iface wlan0 inet manual wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf iface default inet dhcp auto br0 iface br0 inet dhcp bridge-ports eth0 wlan0 Everything seems to come up ok, but I cannot associate with the bridged wireless connection - even though the flashing lights on the USB stick suggest packets are being exchanged. I have read somewhere that not all cards/devices will run in hostap mode - they won't pass packets in one direction: is that right? (The info was a bit old)- this my card: [ 3.663245] usb 1-1.3.1: new high-speed USB device number 5 using dwc_otg [ 3.794187] usb 1-1.3.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0cf3, idProduct=9271 [ 3.804321] usb 1-1.3.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=16, Product=32, SerialNumber=48 [ 3.816994] usb 1-1.3.1: Product: USB2.0 WLAN [ 3.823790] usb 1-1.3.1: Manufacturer: ATHEROS [ 3.830645] usb 1-1.3.1: SerialNumber: 12345 So, what have I got wrong here?

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• What is the best cloud technology to use for MongoDB/GridFS database servers

  - by Nerian

  We are going to launch a service that will require between 1 and 2 GB for file storage per paid user. I am going to use GridFS for storing files. GridFS is a module for MongoDB that allows to store large files in de database. I am pondering the different options for storing the database. But since I am unexperienced at deployment and it is my first time with Mongodb I need your experience. Criteria: I want to spend my time developing my core business, that is, my own application. I am a Ruby on Rails developer. I do not like to mess with server configuration. Hence, I would like a fully managed hosting solution. But I would like to know about any other option, if you think it is worth it. It should be able to scale. Cloud style. Pay as you go. The lower the price, the better. So far I known of these services: https://mongohq.com/pricing https://mongomachine.com/pricing https://mongolab.com/about/pricing/ http://cloudcontrol.com/add-ons/mongodb/ And they seem to be OK for common needs, that is no file storage. But I am going to use GridFS, so the size matters. These services seems to scale, in price, quite poorly. MongoHQ: The larger plan max storage is 20 GB. Seems like a very little storage, for GridFS. MongoMachine: Flat price, 2.5$ per GB. I didn't found the limit. Seems like a good price, comparing the others. MongoLab: 3.984 GB max, which I don't think I will hit, so perfect. 8$ per GB, quite costly. CloudControl: The larger plan is 20 Gb. The custom service starts at 250€ plus some unspecified charge per GB. What is your experience with these services? Any downtimes? Other possibilities? Edit: Added meaning of GridFS

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• mod rewrite help

  - by Benny B

  Ok, I don't know regex very well so I used a generator to help me make a simple mod_rewrite that works. Here's my full URL https://www.huttonchase.com/prodDetails.php?id_prd=683 For testing to make sure I CAN use this, I used this: RewriteRule prodDetails/(.*)/$ /prodDetails.php?id_prd=$1 So I can use the URL http://www.huttonchase.com/prodDetails/683/ If you click it, it works but it completely messes up the relative paths. There are a few work-arounds but I want something a little different. https://www.huttonchase.com/prod_683_stainless-steel-flask I want it to see that 'prod' is going to tell it which rule it's matching, 683 is the product number that I'm looking up in the database, and I want it to just IGNORE the last part, it's there only for SEO and to make the link mean something to customers. I'm told that this should work, but it's not: RewriteRule ^prod_([^-]*)_([^-]*)$ /prodDetails.php?id_prd=$1 [L] Once I get the first one to work I'll write one for Categories: https://www.huttonchase.com/cat_11_drinkware And database driven text pages: https://www.huttonchase.com/page_44_terms-of-service BTW, I can flip around my use of dash and underscore if need be. Also, is it better to end the URLs with a slash or without? Thanks!

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• After adding skip-innodb mysql doesn't start

  - by Pentium10

  I am trying to setup these values: #skip-bdb #skip-locking #skip-innodb When I add them to /etc/mysql/my.cnf and even if I turn ON of of, them after I do the service restart mysql fails to start, and no error message printed. sudo service mysql restart [ ok ] Stopping MySQL database server: mysqld. [FAIL] Starting MySQL database server: mysqld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . failed! Previously I made sure that I have no InnoDB tables, and all files of that type were removed. I tried looking for error files but I couldn't locate it: /var/log/mysql.err is a 0 byte file /var/log/mysql folder has no files rsyslog was changed in past with inetutils-syslogd, and this might have changed the log files, and it could be the reason why I don't see any error logs, and I am stuck how to look or go forward.

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• Linux CentOS strange memory readings

  - by user2008937

  I am actually a young junior sys admin. I have a question - i am trying to understand how linux deals with memory... while playing around different monitoring programs I found some strange thing. When I run top on my laptop it shows me that FIREFOX process with pid 8778 takes 18,3% of memory (%MEM column). grep "MemTotal" /proc/meminfo Above command give me 1848336kb/1024 = 1805megs of memory (its ok - i have 2 gigs of ram). So if the firefox process takes 18,3% of MEM(according to tops %MEM column) then it takes 0.183 * 1805 which is approximately 325mb of memory. Quite a lot as for firefox... But well, in Linux there are lots of shared libraries that programs commonly uses (like famous libc). And those libraries are added to memory utilization of every process that uses it in the system, despite they are actually reading same file(single object in memory). So top may show too big mem utilization because of those shared libraries. Well, it is time to use PMAP which should show us the real mem utilization of process. But.. pmap -d $(pidof firefox) mapped: 983460K writeable/private: 757164K shared: 66416K so pmap shows that 983460/1024=993MB of memory is mapped to this process. It is in fact much bigger than mem utilization showed by top. Whats wrong here? How pmap can show more than top? even when top adds also the shared libraries (which in fact are single objects in memory) for each process that uses it? and pmap omits it? Regards Krzysztof

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• Is there any way to limit the turbo boost speed / intensity on i7 lap?

  - by Anonymous

  I've just got a used i7 laptop, one of these overheating pavilions from HP with quad cores. And I really want to find a compromise between the temp and performance. If I use linpack, or some other heavy benchmark, the temp easily gets to 95+, and having a TJ of 100 Degrees, for a 2630QM model, it really gets me throttling, that no cooling pad or even an industrial fan could solve. I figured later that it is due to turbo boost, and if I set my power settings to use 99% of the CPU instead of 100%, and it seems to disable the turbo boost, so the temp gets better. But then again it loses quite a bit of performance. The regular clock is 2GHz, and in turbo boost it gets to 2.6Ghz, but I just wonder if I could limit it to around 2.3Ghz, that would be a real nice thing. Also there is another question I've hard time getting answer to. It seems to me that clocks are very quickly boosting up to max even when not needed, eg, it's ok if the CPU has 0% load, the clocks get to their 800MHz, but even if it gets to about 5% it quickly jumps to a max and even popping up turbo, which seems very strange to me. So I wonder if there is any way to adjust the sensitivity of the Speed Step feature. I believe it would be more logical to demand increased clock if it hits let's say 50% load. I do understand that most of these features are probably hardwired somewhere in the CPU itself or the MB, which has no tuning options just like on many laptops. But I would appreciate if you could recommend some thing, or some software. Thanks

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• Western Digital HDD disappears and reappears in BIOS

  - by tbkn23

  I know many people asked about similar problems, but I have a very specific case where I can't understand what's going on... I have a 3TB Western Digital Caviar Green disk connected in my Desktop, that also has a seagate 1.5TB disk and 2 SSD drives (OCZ and Sandisk). After working fine for quite some time (probably more than a year), suddenly my Caviar Green drive disappeared from windows. I checked the BIOS, and it wasn't there either. I opened my PC, played with the connectors, power, etc, but nothing helped. Even tried switching connectors with those of the 1.5TB disk, and nothing changed, the 1.5TB seagate was there, but the 3TB WD was not. Ok, now for the strange part. I have another desktop at home, so I took out my 3TB drive, connected it there, and it worked fine! I copied the most important files out of it, and then made another attempt in the original desktop. Surprise! It now appeared in the BIOS and worked fine! I even ran the SMART test with the WD tools and it said everything was intact. It doesn't end here. After leaving it overnight in the original desktop, it disappeared again in the morning. I repeated the entire process, connecting it to the second desktop, and there it is again working fine. Now for my question... Whats going on? The disk seems to be appearing on/off in my original Desktop, while other drives there work fine. SMART test says the disk is fine. Any ideas? Is the disk defective and should be replaced? Or maybe there's a problem with the controller in the desktop? I'm using a Gigabyte GA-880GA-UD3H motherboard and tried connecting the drive to both bridges (SATA2 and SATA3 bridges). Thanks EDIT: Power options are set never to turn off hard drives:

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• CloudFront with Custom Origin and ELB

  - by kmfk

  We are using CloudFront for our static assets but also wanted to allow for Gzip. We set up a new distribution with a custom origin pointing back to our application servers which are behind a elastic load balancer. We manually keep the files in sync across the cluster and update them when we publish. However, with this set up, we get nothing but Miss and RefreshHits from CloudFront, which so far has defeated the purpose. Is there any additional settings in order to use an ELB as your custom origin? In the docs, it references this as a viable solution. It appears when we point the distribution to a single server in our production cluster, cloudfront properly caches our assets. Is it possible that the sticky sessions cookie and the subsequent header that gets added by it could be an issue? Cache-Control: no-cache="set-cookie" //Added by load balancer Any ideas? FYI - currently, we have our custom origin pointing to a single EC2 instance, so caching is working correctly - in case you try to curl the file below. Example headers: curl -I http://static.quick-cdn.com/css/9850999.css HTTP/1.0 200 OK Accept-Ranges: bytes Cache-Control: max-age=3700 Cache-Control: no-cache="set-cookie" Content-Length: 23038 Content-Type: text/css Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2012 23:03:52 GMT Last-Modified: Thu, 12 Apr 2012 23:00:14 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.17 (Ubuntu) Vary: Accept-Encoding X-Cache: RefreshHit from cloudfront X-Amz-Cf-Id: K_q7Zy3_jdzlEJ85ukELVtdx1GmuXqApAbZZ7G0fPt0mxRMqPKX5pQ==,RzJmPku-rEIO9WlvuSoKa8hiAaR3dLk5KC4cQMWWrf_MDhmjWe8n6A== Via: 1.0 28c34f9fbf559a21ee16594849e4fc9c.cloudfront.net (CloudFront) Connection: close

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• Ubuntu 10.04 bind9 local zone include files and apparmor

  - by Gilgongo

  Rather than putting all my zones in one named.conf.local file, I'd like to have them in groups that I can manage as separate files. So, I've tried putting the following into named.conf.local: include "/home/zones/group1.conf"; include "/home/zones/group2.conf"; include "/home/zones/group3.conf"; However, when I restart named, I see "permission denied" errors in the logs. Ubuntu uses apparmor for bind, so I also added the following in /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.named: /home/zones/group1.conf r, /home/zones/group1.conf r, /home/zones/group1.conf r, Now, when I re-start named, all appears to be well. Zones are loaded (I think). However, a day or two later, I see my secondary name server complaining that the primary is telling it that it's not authoritative for those domains. I then have to put all the domains back into the named.conf.local file again. How can I get bind9 to use include files in this way? I don't know much about apparmor, so that may or may not be the issue here, but I've used include files in this way on Debian OK.

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• Could hybrid SSD + HDD be made with fixed internal partitions?

  - by Aaron

  I was pretty close to getting Seagate's Momentus XT but have been scared off by the many problems reported on forums and feedback sites, especially in Mac Book Pros. So I'm waiting for mk 2 with some extra flash and better reliablilty I'm assuming will come out this year. What would suit me better though is a 32+500 hybrid drive where I have more control over what is on the flash drive and what is on the disk drive. So there are 2 physical partitions within the one 2.5" hard drive enclosure which use different media internally (32GB for core files and 500GB for data and multimedia). The partitions would be locked so they can't be changed. - Or even better, the disk driver just makes them appear as two disks to the OS that share the same bus... Perhaps it's ok if the bios just sees the first drive until the OS is loaded. Is either of it technically possible? Obviously difficult to market outside of the enthusiast market. The SSD memory modules can be pretty small right, so they could even make them a card that plugs into a secondary connection on the enclosure. That would be good for computer builders as well as for upgrading and recoverability. Then future operating systems could recognise these system SSD drives and automatically install the OS + swap files on it. While placing document libraries on the larger data drive. While in the longer term HDD will probably disapear there will always be a trade off between speed, storage size and expense.

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