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• The Loneliest Road in America and the OTN Garage

  - by rickramsey

  Source I never told anyone how the image of the OTN Garage on Facebook came to be. I took the Facebook picture on Route 50 in Nevada, USA, in October of 2010. I was riding from Colorado to Oracle OpenWorld in San Francisco, so it was probably October. Route 50 is known as "The Loneliest Road in America." There are roads across Nevada that have even LESS traffic, but Route 50 still one. desolate. road. Although I have seen stranger things while riding along Nevada's Extraterrestrial Highway, I still run across notable oddities every time I ride Route 50. Like the old man with a bandolero of water bottles jogging along the side of the highway in the middle of the day, 50 miles from the closest town. First ultra-marathoner I'd seen in action. He waved at me. Or the dozen Corvettes with California license plates driving toward me, all doing the speed limit in the middle of nowhere because they were being tailed by half a dozen Nevada state troopers. #fail. I don't remember which town I was in, but I noticed the building when I stopped at the gas station. While standing there pouring fuel into the Harley, the store caught my eye. So I pulled the bike in front and walked inside. The owner is a little old lady, about 100 years old. Most of the goods she had on the shelves looked like they had been placed there during WWII. She was itty bitty and could barely see over the counter, but she was so happy when I bought a bar of Hershey's chocolate that she gave me a five cent discount. I took a few pictures and, when I got back, Kemer Thomson, who sometimes blogs here, photoshopped the OTN Garage and Oil Change signs onto it. The bike is a 2009 Road King Classic with a Bob Dron fairing and a Corbin heated seat. The seat came in handy when I rode home over Tioga Pass. The Road King is a very comfy touring bike with a great Harley rumble. I'm kinda sorry I sold it. When I stopped for fuel about 75 miles down the road at the next town, I peeled back the chocolate bar. I had turned into powder. Probably 50 years ago. - Rick Website Newsletter Facebook Twitter

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• Getting Internet Explorer to Open Different Sets of Tabs Based on the Day of the Week

  - by Akemi Iwaya

  If you have to use Internet Explorer for work and need to open a different set of work-specific tabs every day, is there a quick and easy way to do it instead of opening each one individually? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader bobSmith1432 is looking for a quick and easy way to open different daily sets of tabs in Internet Explorer for his work: When I open Internet Explorer on different days of the week, I want different tabs to be opened automatically. I have to run different reports for work each day of the week and it takes a lot of time to open the 5-10 tabs I use to run the reports. It would be a lot faster if, when I open Internet Explorer, the tabs I needed would automatically load and be ready. Is there a way to open 5-10 different tabs in Internet Explorer depending on the day of the week? Example: Monday – 6 Accounting Pages Tuesday – 7 Billing Pages Wednesday – 5 HR Pages Thursday – 10 Schedule Pages Friday – 8 Work Summary/Order Pages Is there an easier way for Bob to get all those tabs to load and be ready to go each day instead of opening them individually every time? The Answer SuperUser contributor Julian Knight has a simple, non-script solution for us: Rather than trying the brute force method, how about a work around? Open up each set of tabs either in different windows, or one set at a time, and save all tabs to bookmark folders. Put the folders on the bookmark toolbar for ease of access. Each day, right-click on the appropriate folder and click on ‘Open in tab group’ to open all the tabs. You could put all the day folders into a top-level folder to save space if you want, but at the expense of an extra click to get to them. If you really must go further, you need to write a program or script to drive Internet Explorer. The easiest way is probably writing a PowerShell script. Special Note: There are various scripts shared on the discussion page as well, so the solution shown above is just one possibility out of many. If you love the idea of using scripts for a function like this, then make sure to browse on over to the discussion page to see the various ones SuperUser members have shared! Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.

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• Is throwing an error in unpredictable subclass-specific circumstances a violation of LSP?

  - by Motti Strom

  Say, I wanted to create a Java List<String> (see spec) implementation that uses a complex subsystem, such as a database or file system, for its store so that it becomes a simple persistent collection rather than an basic in-memory one. (We're limiting it specifically to a List of Strings for the purposes of discussion, but it could extended to automatically de-/serialise any object, with some help. We can also provide persistent Sets, Maps and so on in this way too.) So here's a skeleton implementation: class DbBackedList implements List<String> { private DbBackedList() {} /** Returns a list, possibly non-empty */ public static getList() { return new DbBackedList(); } public String get(int index) { return Db.getTable().getRow(i).asString(); // may throw DbExceptions! } // add(String), add(int, String), etc. ... } My problem lies with the fact that the underlying DB API may encounter connection errors that are not specified in the List interface that it should throw. My problem is whether this violates Liskov's Substitution Principle (LSP). Bob Martin actually gives an example of a PersistentSet in his paper on LSP that violates LSP. The difference is that his newly-specified Exception there is determined by the inserted value and so is strengthening the precondition. In my case the connection/read error is unpredictable and due to external factors and so is not technically a new precondition, merely an error of circumstance, perhaps like OutOfMemoryError which can occur even when unspecified. In normal circumstances, the new Error/Exception might never be thrown. (The caller could catch if it is aware of the possibility, just as a memory-restricted Java program might specifically catch OOME.) Is this therefore a valid argument for throwing an extra error and can I still claim to be a valid java.util.List (or pick your SDK/language/collection in general) and not in violation of LSP? If this does indeed violate LSP and thus not practically usable, I have provided two less-palatable alternative solutions as answers that you can comment on, see below. Footnote: Use Cases In the simplest case, the goal is to provide a familiar interface for cases when (say) a database is just being used as a persistent list, and allow regular List operations such as search, subList and iteration. Another, more adventurous, use-case is as a slot-in replacement for libraries that work with basic Lists, e.g if we have a third-party task queue that usually works with a plain List: new TaskWorkQueue(new ArrayList<String>()).start() which is susceptible to losing all it's queue in event of a crash, if we just replace this with: new TaskWorkQueue(new DbBackedList()).start() we get a instant persistence and the ability to share the tasks amongst more than one machine. In either case, we could either handle connection/read exceptions that are thrown, perhaps retrying the connection/read first, or allow them to throw and crash the program (e.g. if we can't change the TaskWorkQueue code).

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• How to join two collections with LINQ

  - by JustinGreenwood

  Here is a simple and complete example of how to perform joins on two collections with LINQ. I wrote it for a friend to show him, in one simple file, the power of LINQ queries and anonymous objects. In the file below, there are two simple data classes defined: Person and Item. In the beginning of the main method, two collections are created. Note that the Item's OwnerId field reference the PersonId of a Person object. The effect of the LINQ query below is equivalent to a SQL statement looking like this: select Person.PersonName as OwnerName, Item.ItemName as OwnedItem from Person inner join Item on Item.OwnerId = Person.PersonId order by Item.ItemName desc; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace LinqJoinAnonymousObjects { class Program { class Person { public int PersonId { get; set; } public string PersonName { get; set; } } class Item { public string ItemName { get; set; } public int OwnerId { get; set; } } static void Main(string[] args) { // Create two collections: one of people, and another with their possessions. var people = new List<Person> { new Person { PersonId=1, PersonName="Justin" }, new Person { PersonId=2, PersonName="Arthur" }, new Person { PersonId=3, PersonName="Bob" } }; var items = new List<Item> { new Item { OwnerId=1, ItemName="Armor" }, new Item { OwnerId=1, ItemName="Book" }, new Item { OwnerId=2, ItemName="Chain Mail" }, new Item { OwnerId=2, ItemName="Excalibur" }, new Item { OwnerId=3, ItemName="Bubbles" }, new Item { OwnerId=3, ItemName="Gold" } }; // Create a new, anonymous composite result for person id=2. var compositeResult = from p in people join i in items on p.PersonId equals i.OwnerId where p.PersonId == 2 orderby i.ItemName descending select new { OwnerName = p.PersonName, OwnedItem = i.ItemName }; // The query doesn't evaluate until you iterate through the query or convert it to a list Console.WriteLine("[" + compositeResult.GetType().Name + "]"); // Convert to a list and loop through it. var compositeList = compositeResult.ToList(); Console.WriteLine("[" + compositeList.GetType().Name + "]"); foreach (var o in compositeList) { Console.WriteLine("\t[" + o.GetType().Name + "] " + o.OwnerName + " - " + o.OwnedItem); } Console.ReadKey(); } } } The output of the program is below: [WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2] [List`1] [<>f__AnonymousType1`2] Arthur - Excalibur [<>f__AnonymousType1`2] Arthur - Chain Mail

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• Started wrong with a project. Should I start over?

  - by solidsnake

  I'm a beginner web developer (one year of experience). A couple of weeks after graduating, I got offered a job to build a web application for a company whose owner is not much of a tech guy. He recruited me to avoid theft of his idea, the high cost of development charged by a service company, and to have someone young he can trust onboard to maintain the project for the long run (I came to these conclusions by myself long after being hired). Cocky as I was back then, with a diploma in computer science, I accepted the offer thinking I can build anything. I was calling the shots. After some research I settled on PHP, and started with plain PHP, no objects, just ugly procedural code. Two months later, everything was getting messy, and it was hard to make any progress. The web application is huge. So I decided to check out an MVC framework that would make my life easier. That's where I stumbled upon the cool kid in the PHP community: Laravel. I loved it, it was easy to learn, and I started coding right away. My code looked cleaner, more organized. It looked very good. But again the web application was huge. The company was pressuring me to deliver the first version, which they wanted to deploy, obviously, and start seeking customers. Because Laravel was fun to work with, it made me remember why I chose this industry in the first place - something I forgot while stuck in the shitty education system. So I started working on small projects at night, reading about methodologies and best practice. I revisited OOP, moved on to object-oriented design and analysis, and read Uncle Bob's book Clean Code. This helped me realize that I really knew nothing. I did not know how to build software THE RIGHT WAY. But at this point it was too late, and now I'm almost done. My code is not clean at all, just spaghetti code, a real pain to fix a bug, all the logic is in the controllers, and there is little object oriented design. I'm having this persistent thought that I have to rewrite the whole project. However, I can't do it... They keep asking when is it going to be all done. I can not imagine this code deployed on a server. Plus I still know nothing about code efficiency and the web application's performance. On one hand, the company is waiting for the product and can not wait anymore. On the other hand I can't see myself going any further with the actual code. I could finish up, wrap it up and deploy, but god only knows what might happen when people start using it. What do you think I should do?

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• Stop trying to be perfect

  - by Kyle Burns

  Yes, Bob is my uncle too.  I also think the points in the Manifesto for Software Craftsmanship (manifesto.softwarecraftsmanship.org) are all great.  What amazes me is that tend to confuse the term “well crafted” with “perfect”.  I'm about to say something that will make Quality Assurance managers and many development types as well until you think about it as a craftsman – “Stop trying to be perfect”. Now let me explain what I mean.  Building software, as with building almost anything, often involves a series of trade-offs where either one undesired characteristic is accepted as necessary to achieve another desired one (or maybe stave off one that is even less desirable) or a desirable characteristic is sacrificed for the same reasons.  This implies that perfection itself is unattainable.  What is attainable is “sufficient” and I think that this really goes to the heart both of what people are trying to do with Agile and with the craftsmanship movement.  Simply put, sufficient software drives the greatest business value.   I've been in many meetings where “how can we keep anything from ever going wrong” has become the thing that holds us in analysis paralysis.  I've also been the guy trying way too hard to perfect some function to make sure that every edge case is accounted for.  Somewhere in there, something a drill instructor said while I was in boot camp occurred to me.  In response to being asked a question by another recruit having to do with some edge case (I can barely remember the context), he said “What if grasshoppers had machine guns?  Would the birds still **** with them?”  It sounds funny, but there's a lot of wisdom in those words.   “Sufficient” is different for every situation and it’s important to understand what sufficient means in the context of the work you’re doing.  If I’m writing a timesheet application (and please shoot me if I am), I’m going to have a much higher tolerance for imperfection than if you’re writing software to control life support systems on spacecraft.  I’m also likely to have less need for high volume performance than if you’re writing software to control stock trading transactions.   I’d encourage anyone who has read this far to instead of trying to be perfect, try to create software that is sufficient in every way.  If you’re working to make a component that is sufficient “better”, ask yourself if there is any component left that is not yet sufficient.  If the answer is “yes” you’re working on the wrong thing and need to adjust.  If the answer is “no”, why aren’t you shipping and delivering business value?

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• Syncing client and server CRUD operations using json and php

  - by Justin

  I'm working on some code to sync the state of models between client (being a javascript application) and server. Often I end up writing redundant code to track the client and server objects so I can map the client supplied data to the server models. Below is some code I am thinking about implementing to help. What I don't like about the below code is that this method won't handle nested relationships very well, I would have to create multiple object trackers. One work around is for each server model after creating or loading, simply do $model->clientId = $clientId; IMO this is a nasty hack and I want to avoid it. Adding a setCientId method to all my model object would be another way to make it less hacky, but this seems like overkill to me. Really clientIds are only good for inserting/updating data in some scenarios. I could go with a decorator pattern but auto generating a proxy class seems a bit involved. I could use a generic proxy class that uses a __call function to allow for original object data to be accessed, but this seems wrong too. Any thoughts or comments? $clientData = '[{name: "Bob", action: "update", id: 1, clientId: 200}, {name:"Susan", action:"create", clientId: 131} ]'; $jsonObjs = json_decode($clientData); $objectTracker = new ObjectTracker(); $objectTracker->trackClientObjs($jsonObjs); $query = $this->em->createQuery("SELECT x FROM Application_Model_User x WHERE x.id IN (:ids)"); $query->setParameters("ids",$objectTracker->getClientSpecifiedServerIds()); $models = $query->getResults(); //Apply client data to server model foreach ($models as $model) { $clientModel = $objectTracker->getClientJsonObj($model->getId()); ... } //Create new models and persist foreach($objectTracker->getNewClientObjs() as $newClientObj) { $model = new Application_Model_User(); .... $em->persist($model); $objectTracker->trackServerObj($model); } $em->flush(); $resourceResponse = $objectTracker->createResourceResponse(); //Id mappings will be an associtave array representing server id resources with client side // id. //This method Dosen't seem to flexible if we want to return additional data with each resource... //Would have to modify the returned data structure, seems like tight coupling... //Ex return value: //[{clientId: 200, id:1} , {clientId: 131, id: 33}];

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• Configure IIS7.5 to allow calls to asmx web services.

  - by goodeye

  Hi, I migrated a site from IIS6 to Windows Server 2008 R2 IIS7.5. It has an asmx web service, which is working fine locally, but returns this 500 error when called from another machine: Request format is unrecognized for URL unexpectedly ending in /myMethodName The solution in previous versions is to add this to the web.config for the protocols needed (typically omitting HttpGet for production): <system.web> <webServices> <protocols> <add name="HttpGet" /> <add name="HttpPost" /> <add name="HttpSoap" /> </protocols> </webServices> </system.web> This is posted everywhere, including http://stackoverflow.com/questions/657313/request-format-is-unrecognized-for-url-unexpectedly-ending-in For IIS7.5, this throws a configuration error; I understand this section doesn't belong, but tried it anyway. I also boiled down the asmx call to a simple hello world. I tested with POST also, just to eliminate any issues with GET. What is the equivalent for IIS7.5? - either web.config format or the UI button to push would be really helpful. Thanks, Bob

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• Mysql Algorithm for Determining Closest Colour Match

  - by buggedcom

  I'm attempting to create a true mosaic application. At the moment I have one mosaic image, ie the one the mosaic is based on and about 4000 images from my iPhoto library that act as the image library. I have already done my research and analysed the mosaic image. I've converted it into 64x64 slices each of 8 pixels. I've calculated the average colour for each slice and assertain the r, g, b and brightness (Luminance (perceived option 1) = (0.299*R + 0.587*G + 0.114*B)) value. I have done the same for each of the image library photos. The mosaic slices table looks like so. slice_id, slice_image_id, slice_slice_id, slice_image_column, slice_image_row, slice_colour_hex, slice_rgb_red, slice_rgb_blue, slice_rgb_green, slice_rgb_brightness The image library table looks like so. upload_id, upload_file, upload_colour_hex, upload_rgb_red, upload_rgb_green, upload_rgb_blue, upload_rgb_brightness So basically I'm reading the image slices from the slices table into PHP and then pulling out the appropriate images from the library table based on the colour hexs. My trouble is that I've been on this too long and probably had too many energy drinks so am not concentrating properly, I can't figure out the way to pick out the nearest colour neighbor if the appropriate hex code doesn't exist. Any ideas on the perfect query? NB: I know pulling out the slices one by one is not ideal however the mosaic is only rebuilt periodically so a sudden burst in the mysql load doesn't really bother me, however if there us a way to pull the images out all at once that would also be a massive bonus.

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• How to translate CCSID 65535 in SQuirrel from a DB2 on an iseries

  - by ZS6JCE

  I am new to SQuirrel SQL. I need some help to translating CCSID 65535 into ASCII, UNICODE (or anything human readable) I am using the JDBC driver per the following guide. According to IBM's website: What character conversion issues must my program deal with? The IBM i database uses EBCDIC to store text. Java uses Unicode. The JDBC driver handles all conversion between character sets, so your program should not have to worry about it. but I think they refer to CCSID 37 and not 65535(Hex). I have got the following info, from my DB2 DB Doing DSPFD gives me: Coded character set identifier . . . . . . : CCSID 65535 Doing DSPFFD gives me: TXT CHAR 3 3 41 Both Text Field text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : Text Coded Character Set Identifier . . . . . : 65535 But the SQuirrel query result for the TXT field is: 5c c1 c4 c4 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 c1 40 7e 40 c2 40 4e 40 c3 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Which should be translated to something like: *ADD A = B + C

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• Convert CRC-CCITT Kermit 16 DELPHI code to C#

  - by Mehdi Anis

  I am working on a function that will give me a Kermit CRC value from a HEX string. I have a piece of code in DELPHI. I am a .NET developer and need the code in C#. function CRC_16(cadena : string):word; var valuehex : word; i: integer; CRC : word; Begin CRC := 0; for i := 1 to length(cadena) do begin valuehex := ((ord(cadena[i]) XOR CRC) AND $0F) * $1081; CRC := CRC SHR 4; CRC := CRC XOR valuehex; valuehex := (((ord(cadena[i]) SHR 4) XOR LO(CRC)) AND $0F); CRC := CRC SHR 4; CRC := CRC XOR (valuehex * $1081); end; CRC_16 := (LO(CRC) SHL 8) OR HI(CRC); end; I got the code from this webpage: Kermit CRC in DELPHI I guess that Delphi function is correct. If any one can please convert the code to C# that will be great. I tried to convert to C#, but got lost in WORD data type and the LO function of Delphi. Thank you all.

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• problem using getline with a unicode file

  - by hamishmcn

  UPDATE: Thank you to @Potatoswatter and @Jonathan Leffler for comments - rather embarrassingly I was caught out by the debugger tool tip not showing the value of a wstring correctly - however it still isn't quite working for me and I have updated the question below: If I have a small multibyte file I want to read into a string I use the following trick - I use getline with a delimeter of '\0' e.g. std::string contents_utf8; std::ifstream inf1("utf8.txt"); getline(inf1, contents_utf8, '\0'); This reads in the entire file including newlines. However if I try to do the same thing with a wide character file it doesn't work - my wstring only reads to the the first line. std::wstring contents_wide; std::wifstream inf2(L"ucs2-be.txt"); getline( inf2, contents_wide, wchar_t(0) ); //doesn't work For example my if unicode file contains the chars A and B seperated by CRLF, the hex looks like this: FE FF 00 41 00 0D 00 0A 00 42 Based on the fact that with a multibyte file getline with '\0' reads the entire file I believed that getline( inf2, contents_wide, wchar_t(0) ) should read in the entire unicode file. However it doesn't - with the example above my wide string would contain the following two wchar_ts: FF FF (If I remove the wchar_t(0) it reads in the first line as expected (ie FE FF 00 41 00 0D 00) Why doesn't wchar_t(0) work as a delimiting wchar_t of "00 00"? Thank you

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• How to generate customized sudoers files in puppet depending on the environment they're deployed to?

  - by gozu

  the sysadmins are present in the sudoers files of all environments, but other sudoers are not. Different environments all have slightly different sudoers. Most of the time, 90% of users are the same, and 10% vary so we cannot have only one sudoers file for everything. Right now, we are using puppet with 10 different files with names like sudoers.production1, sudoers.production2, sudoers.production3, sudoers.testing1, sudoers.staging1 and so forth. Puppet then picks the file to deploy based on the server's $domain (ex: dbserver.staging1.acme.com) or $hardwaremodel. It works fine but it's a nightmare to maintain so many files. I'd like to autogenerate sudoers files based on the server's domain and have only one big file with all the sudoers permissions for all users and all environments. Something that looks like: User_Alias ADMINS = abe, bob, carol, dave case $domain { "staging1.acme.com" { #add dev1,dev2,tester1,tester2 to sudoers file } "testing2.acme.com" { #add tester1, tester3, tester4 to sudoers file } What's the best way to go about this? Suggestions for alternatives are welcome. I'd appreciate any tips. Update 1: For security reasons, we'd rather not concatenate a bunch of files from a folder located on a puppet client in case someone puts a file in there (maliciously or not) and either breaks the combined file or inserts something in it. Most importantly, for usability, we'd like to keep the number of sudoers related files (fragment or complete) on puppet server to either 3 (prod/stage/test) or preferably 1 file. this file would (somehow) generate sudoers files on the puppet server and send one customized file to each puppet client. The purpose of this would be only searching for a username in a single file and removing it quicker than doing it on 11 files. When adding a user to a bunch of environments, it won't be as quick, but only one file would need to be opened and looked at, greatly reducing the chances of an omission. our Sudo version is 1.6.9p8 so we can't use /sudoers.d folder, only a sudoers file.

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• How to read Unicode characters from command-line arguments in Python on Windows

  - by Craig McQueen

  I want my Python script to be able to read Unicode command line arguments in Windows. But it appears that sys.argv is a string encoded in some local encoding, rather than Unicode. How can I read the command line in full Unicode? Example code: argv.py import sys first_arg = sys.argv[1] print first_arg print type(first_arg) print first_arg.encode("hex") print open(first_arg) On my PC set up for Japanese code page, I get: C:\temp>argv.py "PC·??????08.09.24.doc" PC·??????08.09.24.doc <type 'str'> 50438145835c83748367905c90bf8f9130382e30392e32342e646f63 <open file 'PC·??????08.09.24.doc', mode 'r' at 0x00917D90> That's Shift-JIS encoded I believe, and it "works" for that filename. But it breaks for filenames with characters that aren't in the Shift-JIS character set—the final "open" call fails: C:\temp>argv.py Jörgen.txt Jorgen.txt <type 'str'> 4a6f7267656e2e747874 Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\temp\argv.py", line 7, in <module> print open(first_arg) IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'Jorgen.txt' Note—I'm talking about Python 2.x, not Python 3.0. I've found that Python 3.0 gives sys.argv as proper Unicode. But it's a bit early yet to transition to Python 3.0 (due to lack of 3rd party library support). Update: A few answers have said I should decode according to whatever the sys.argv is encoded in. The problem with that is that it's not full Unicode, so some characters are not representable. Here's the use case that gives me grief: I have enabled drag-and-drop of files onto .py files in Windows Explorer. I have file names with all sorts of characters, including some not in the system default code page. My Python script doesn't get the right Unicode filenames passed to it via sys.argv in all cases, when the characters aren't representable in the current code page encoding. There is certainly some Windows API to read the command line with full Unicode (and Python 3.0 does it). I assume the Python 2.x interpreter is not using it.

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• Using Unicode in fancyvrb’s VerbatimOut

  - by Konrad Rudolph

  Problem VerbatimOut from the “fancyvrb” package doesn’t play nicely with UTF-8 characters. Minimal working example: \documentclass{minimal} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{fancyvrb} \begin{document} \begin{VerbatimOut}{\jobname.test} é \end{VerbatimOut} \input{\jobname.test} \end{document} Error message When compiled using pdflatex mini, this gives the error File ended while scanning use of \UTFviii@three@octets. A different error occurs when the sole occurrence of é above is replaced by something else, e.g. é */: Package inputenc Error: Unicode char \u8:### not set up for use with LaTeX. – indicating that in this case, LaTeX succeeds in reading a multi-byte UTF-8 character, but not knowing what to do with it (i.e. it’s the wrong character). In fact, when I open the produced .test file manually, it contains the character é, but in Latin-1 encoding! Proof: when I open the files in a hex editor, I get the following: Original file: C3 A9 (corresponds to LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE in UTF-8) Written file: E9 (corresponds to é in Latin-1) Question How to set VerbatimOut up correctly? filecontents* (from “filecontents”) shows that it can work. Unfortunately, I don’t understand either code so I cannot fix fancyvrb’s code by replicating the logic from filecontents manually. I also cannot use filecontents* instead of VerbatimOut because the former doesn’t work within a \newenvironment, while the latter does. (Oh, by the way: vanilla Verbatim instead of VerbatimOut also works as expected. The error seems to occur when writing the file, not when reading the verbatim input)

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• BN_hex2bn magicaly segfaults in openSSL

  - by xunil154

  Greetings, this is my first post on stackoverflow, and i'm sorry if its a bit long. I'm trying to build a handshake protocol for my own project and am having issues with the server converting the clients RSA's public key to a Bignum. It works in my clent code, but the server segfaults when attempting to convert the hex value of the clients public RSA to a bignum. I have already checked that there is no garbidge before or after the RSA data, and have looked online, but i'm stuck. header segment: typedef struct KEYS { RSA *serv; char* serv_pub; int pub_size; RSA *clnt; } KEYS; KEYS keys; Initializing function: // Generates and validates the servers key /* code for generating server RSA left out, it's working */ //Set client exponent keys.clnt = 0; keys.clnt = RSA_new(); BN_dec2bn(&keys.clnt->e, RSA_E_S); // RSA_E_S contains the public exponent Problem code (in Network::server_handshake): // *Recieved an encrypted message from the network and decrypt into 'buffer' (1024 byte long)* cout << "Assigning clients RSA" << endl; // I have verified that 'buffer' contains the proper key if (BN_hex2bn(&keys.clnt->n, buffer) < 0) { Error("ERROR reading server RSA"); } cout << "clients RSA has been assigned" << endl; The program segfaults at BN_hex2bn(&keys.clnt->n, buffer) with the error (valgrind output) Invalid read of size 8 at 0x50DBF9F: BN_hex2bn (in /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8) by 0x40F23E: Network::server_handshake() (Network.cpp:177) by 0x40EF42: Network::startNet() (Network.cpp:126) by 0x403C38: main (server.cpp:51) Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV) Access not within mapped region at address 0x20 at 0x50DBF9F: BN_hex2bn (in /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8) And I don't know why it is, Im using the exact same code in the client program, and it works just fine. Any input is greatly appriciated!

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• Character encoding issues when generating MD5 hash cross-platform

  - by rogueprocess

  This is a general question about character encoding when using MD5 libraries in various languages. My concern is: suppose I generate an MD5 hash using a native Python string object, like this: message = "hello world" m = md5() m.update(message) Then I take a hex version of that MD5 hash using: m.hexdigest() and send the message & MD5 hash via a network, let's say, a JMS message or a HTTP request. Now I get this message in a Java program in the form of a native Java string, along with the checksum. Then I generate an MD5 hash using Java, like this (using the Commons Codec library): String md5 = org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils.DigestUtils.md5Hex(s) My feeling is that this is wrong because I have not specified character encodng at either end. So the original hash will be based on the bytes of the Python version of the string; the Java one will be based on the bytes of the Java version of the string , these two byte sequences will often not be the same - is that right? So really I need to specify "UTF-8" or whatever at both ends right? (I am actually getting an intermittent error in my code where the MD5 checksum fails, and I suspect this is the reason - but because it's intermittent, it's difficult to say if changing this fixes it or not. ) Thank you!

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• Problem with XML encoding of database contents with Latin characters

  - by user89691

  I have an ASP Access database that contains strings in various European languages. The database was populated prior by agents in the respective countries. It contains entries with accented etc characters as you would expect. If I open the database with MS Access these characters show up fine. For example the the German equivalent of "Open" shows as "Öffnen" (hopefully you can see an "O" with 2 dots above it!). I have ASP code that reads the database and returns records in XML. The text is passed to XMLEncode to construct the XML, but that only seems to deal with the 5 specials like "<", "&", etc. If I dump the XML the accented characters are unchanged. <English>Open</English> <German>Öffnen</German> If I look at the raw packets with Wireshark I see that the "Ö" byte is hex D6, which appears to be it's decimal Unicode and ISO 8859-1 value. The problem starts when I try to parse the XML in client-side JS. I get: "An invalid character was found in text content" from IE. FF and Chrome happily accept the XML without hiccup but the browser shows the "Ö" character as a diamond with a question mark inside. http://www.validome.org/xml/validate/ reports "encoding error." http://www.w3schools.com/dom/dom_validate.asp thinks it is fine. The XML is UTF-8 encoded. What do I need to do to have IE accept my XML without complaint? What do I need to do to have browsers display the stuff correctly?

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• Upload image from J2ME client to a Servlet

  - by Akash

  I want to send an image from a J2ME client to a Servlet. I am able to get a byte array of the image and send it using HTTP POST. conn = (HttpConnection) Connector.open(url, Connector.READ_WRITE, true); conn.setRequestMethod(HttpConnection.POST); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); os.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length); // bytes = byte array of image This is the Servlet code: String line; BufferedReader r1 = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); while ((line = r1.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println("line=" + line); buf.append(line); } String s = buf.toString(); byte[] img_byte = s.getBytes(); But the problem I found is, when I send bytes from the J2ME client, some bytes are lost. Their values are 0A and 0D hex. Exactly, the Carriage Return and Line Feed. Thus, either POST method or readLine() are not able to accept 0A and 0D values. Any one have any idea how to do this, or how to use any another method?

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• Text editor capable of viewing invisibles?

  - by Timo

  A recent problem* left me wondering whether there is a text editor out there that lets you see every single character of the file, even if they are invisible? Specifically, I'm not looking for hex editing capabilities, I am interested in a text editor that'll show me all of the invisible characters (not just the common whitespace / line break characters). The BOM marker is just one example, others are e.g. mathematical invisibles or possibly unsupported characters. I'm not looking for a text editor that simply supports a large variety of text encoding / translations between encodings. All text editors I've come across treat the invisible characters correctly i.e. leave them invisible (or simply get removed in the translation as in the case of the BOM marker). I'm asking this mostly out of academic interests, so I'm not particular about any specific OS. I can easily test Linux and OSX solutions, but if you recommend a Windows editor, I would appreciate if you include descriptions of how the editor handles invisibles other than whitespace / line breaks. *The incident that lead me to this question: I wrote a perl script using TextWrangler and managed to change the encoding to UTF8 BOM, which inserts te BOM marker at the start of the file. Perl (or rather the operating system) promptly misses the #! and mayhem ensues. It then took me the better part of an afternoon to figure this out since most text editors do not show the BOM marker even with various "show invisibles" options turned on. Now I've learned my lesson and will use less immediately :-).

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• c#: how to read parts of a file? (DICOM)

  - by Xaisoft

  I would like to read a DICOM file in C#. I don't want to do anything fancy, I just for now would like to know how to read in the elements, but first I would actually like to know how to read the header to see if is a valid DICOM file. It consists of Binary Data Elements. The first 128 bytes are unused (set to zero), followed by the string 'DICM'. This is followed by header information, which is organized into groups. A sample DICOM header First 128 bytes: unused DICOM format. Followed by the characters 'D','I','C','M' Followed by extra header information such as: 0002,0000, File Meta Elements Groups Len: 132 0002,0001, File Meta Info Version: 256 0002,0010, Transfer Syntax UID: 1.2.840.10008.1.2.1. 0008,0000, Identifying Group Length: 152 0008,0060, Modality: MR 0008,0070, Manufacturer: MRIcro In the above example, the header is organized into groups. The group 0002 hex is the file meta information group which contains 3 elements: one defines the group length, one stores the file version and the their stores the transfer syntax. Questions How to I read the header file and verify if it is a DICOM file by checking for the 'D','I','C','M' characters after the 128 byte preamble? How do I continue to parse the file reading the other parts of the data?

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• ServerName not working in Apache2 and Ubuntu

  - by CreativeNotice

  Setting up a dev LAMP server and I wish to allow dynamic subdomains, aka ted.servername.com, bob.servername.com. Here's my sites-active file <VirtualHost *:80> # Admin Email, Server Name, Aliases ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName happyslice.net ServerAlias *.happyslice.net # Index file and Document Root DirectoryIndex index.html DocumentRoot /home/sysadmin/public_html/happyslice.net/public # Custom Log file locations LogLevel warn ErrorLog /home/sysadmin/public_html/happyslice.net/log/error.log CustomLog /home/sysadmin/public_html/happyslice.net/log/access.log combined And here's the output from sudo apache2ctl -S VirtualHost configuration: wildcard NameVirtualHosts and default servers: *:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server happyslice.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default:1) port 80 namevhost happyslice.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default:1) port 80 namevhost happyslice.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/happyslice.net:5) Syntax OK The server hostname is srv.happyslice.net. As you can see from apache2ctl when I use happyslice.net I get the default virtual host, when I use a subdomain, I get the happyslice.net host. So the later is working how I want, but the main url does not. I've tried all kinds of variations here, but it appears that ServerName just isn't being tied to the correct location. Thoughts? I'm stumped. FYI, I'm running Apache2.1 and Ubuntu 10.04 LTS

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• Percent-Encoded Percent in URI

  - by Lukas

  In our application, it is possible for a user to upload files then download them later. We don't restrict them from having any special characters in the file name. The problem comes in when we create the link for the user to download the file. I use the Java URL encoder to encode the file name that gets put into the href of the link, but I'm still having problems with percent (%) signs. For example, if the user uploads a file named fi%le.jpg, the href that gets generated is fi%25le.jpg, and everything is fine. The problem is when the percent sign is right before the period (i.e., file%.jpg, which gets converted to file%25.jpg). When the user clicks on the link, they get a 404 (Not Found) error. The strange thing is that it is not a problem if the two characters following the percent sign are hex characters.... Weird, eh? Any help is appreciated. I am using Tomcat/Struts. Could the built-in URL decoder have anything to do with this problem?

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• How do I handle a POST request in Perl and FastCGI?

  - by Peterim

  Unfortunately, I'm not familiar with Perl, so asking here. Actually I'm using FCGI with Perl. I need to 1. accept a POST request - 2. send it via POST to another url - 3. get results - 4. return results to the first POST request (4 steps). To accept a POST request (step 1) I use the following code (found it somewhere in the Internet): $ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/; if ($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq "POST") { read(STDIN, $buffer, $ENV{'CONTENT_LENGTH'}); } else { print ("some error"); } @pairs = split(/&/, $buffer); foreach $pair (@pairs) { ($name, $value) = split(/=/, $pair); $value =~ tr/+/ /; $value =~ s/%(..)/pack("C", hex($1))/eg; $FORM{$name} = $value; } The content of $name (it's a string) is the result of the first step. Now I need to send $name via POST request to some_url (step 2) which returns me another result (step 3), which I have to return as a result to the very first POST request (step 4). Any help with this would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

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• send Image from J2ME to SERVLET

  - by Akash

  Hi, I want to send Image from J2ME to SERVLET. I am able to convert image into Byte Array, and send by Http POST. I have coded as : - From Mobile : conn = (HttpConnection)Connector.open(url,Connector.READ_WRITE,true); conn.setRequestMethod(HttpConnection.POST); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); os.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);//bytes = byte array of image At servlet : String line; BufferedReader r1 = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); while ((line = r1.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println("line=" + line); buf.append(line); } String s = buf.toString(); byte[] img_byte = s.getBytes(); Now d problem I found is, when I send Bytes from Mob App, some bytes are LOST , whose value is 0A and 0D-Hex ... Exactly, Cr- Carriage Return & Lf- Line Feed... It means, POST method OR readLine() not able to accept 0A & 0D value... And so I come to know that, LOST bytes are 0A and 0D occurrence in image's byte array.... Any one have any idea, how to do this, or how to use any another method..... Thanks -Akash

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