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• Unable to activate Windows XP

  - by Josh Kelley

  The latest round of Patch Tuesday updates left my Windows XP computer unbootable. ("Fatal System Error: The Windows Logon Process system process terminated unexpectedly.") After much messing around with the recovery console, an XP CD's repair mode, and manually copying registry files around, I have a system that can boot again. However, I overwrote my OEM XP installation's activation information while trying to run a retail XP CD's setup, so it needs reactivation. Here's my problem: I cannot activate it at all. I log in, Windows tells me I have to activate to continue, I click Yes, and absolutely nothing happens: no windows, no response to keyboard or mouse, no response to Ctrl-Alt-Del, nothing. Safe mode works, but I can't activate in safe mode (EDIT: not even safe mode with networking). I read a trick online of pressing [Windows Key]+U to bring up the Microsoft Narrator, and that works, but clicking its Microsoft Web Site link does nothing. My last attempt to resolve this was to reinstall Windows off of the OEM CD. Now I have two parallel Windows installations, both on the same hard drive, one with all of my stuff and no way to activate it, one fully activated with no usable programs. Any ideas? Any way to activate in safe mode? Any way to copy activation information from my activated installation to my unactivated installation (since they're both on the same hard drive)?

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• Repairing inconsistent pages in database

  - by Raj

  We have a SQL 2000 DB. The server crashed due to Raid array failure. Now when we run DBCC CHECKDB, we get an error that there are 27 consistency errors in 9 pages. When we run DBCC PAGE on these pages, we get this: Msg 8939, Level 16, State 106, Line 1 Table error: Object ID 1397580017, index ID 2, page (1:8404521). Test (m_freeCnt == freeCnt) failed. Values are 2 and 19. Msg 8939, Level 16, State 108, Line 1 Table error: Object ID 1397580017, index ID 2, page (1:8404521). Test (emptySlotCnt == 0) failed. Values are 1 and 0. Since the indicated index is non-clustered and is created by a unique constarint that includes 2 columns, we tried dropping and recreating the index. This resulted in the following error: CREATE UNIQUE INDEX terminated because a duplicate key was found for index ID 2. Most significant primary key is '3280'. The statement has been terminated. However running Select var_id,result_on from tests group by var_id,result_on having count(*)>1 returns 0 rows. Here is what we are planning to do: Restore a pre-server crash copy of the DB and run DBCC CHECKDB If that returns clean, then restore again with no recovery Apply all subequent TLOG backups Stop production app, take a tail log backup and apply that too Drop prod DB and rename the freshly restored DB to make it prod Start prod app Could someone please punch holes in this approach? Maybe, suggest a different approach? What we need is minimum downtime. SQL 2000 DB Size 94 GB The table that has corrupt pages has 460 Million+ rows of data Thanks for the help. Raj

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• Using mixed disks and OpenFiler to create RAID storage

  - by Cylindric

  I need to improve my home storage to add some resilience. I currently have four disks, as follows: D0: 500Gb (System, Boot) D1: 1Tb D2: 500Gb D3: 250Gb There's a mix of partitions on there, so it's not JBOD, but data is pretty spread out and not redundant. As this is my primary PC and I don't want to give up the entire OS to storage, my plan is to use OpenFiler in a VM to create a virtual SAN. I will also use Windows Software RAID to mirror the OS. Partitions will be created as follows: D0 P1: 100Mb: System-Reserved Boot D0 P2: 50Gb: Virtual Machine VMDKs for OS D0 P3: 350Gb: Data D1 P1: 100Mb: System-Reserved Boot D1 P2: 50Gb: Virtual Machine VMDKs for OS D1 P3: 800Gb: Data D2 P1: 450Gb: Data D3 P1: 200Gb: Data This will result in: Mirrored boot partition Mirrored Operating system Mirrored Virtual machine O/S disks Four partitions for data In the four data partitions I will create several large VMDK files, which I will "mount" into OpenFiler as block-storage devices, combined into three RAID arrays (due to the differing disk sizes) In effect, I'll end up with the following usable partitions SYSTEM 100Mb the small boot partition created by the Windows 7 installer (RAID-1) HOST 50Gb the Windows 7 partition (RAID-1) GUESTS 50Gb Virtual machine Guest VMDK's (RAID-1) VG1 900Gb Volume group consisting of a RAID-5 and two RAID-1 VG2 300Gb Volume group consisting of a single disk On VG1 I can dynamically assign storage for my media, photographs, documents, whatever, and it will be safe. On VG2 I can dynamically assign storage for my data that is not critical, and easily recoverable, as it is not safe. Are there any particular 'gotchas' when implementing a virtual OpenFiler like this? Is the recovery process for a failing disk going to be very problematic? Thanks.

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• Why my hard disk can't boot from the BIOS?

  - by Mario

  I installed a new sata DVD burner. When I turned on the machine (windows 7) it didn't boot. It can boot from a lubuntu CD. There is an option on lubuntu to boot form the first hard disk. If I select it, the machine boots normally to windows 7. So from the CD I can boot but not from the BIOS. I checked all the options more than once: boot from HD, not boot from removable, boot from USB, boot from optical. The order of the boot sequence is HD then DVD. I tried booting only with the HD; I disconnected both DVDs. I even tried recovery of the MBR: bootsect, bootrec, fixmbr, buildbcd, nt60, etc. So, the question is, does this have a reason, what's the difference between booting from the BIOS (as I think) to from the DVD?. The BIOS is intel, it has BIOS codes on the right bottom corner, it stays at 5A for a while. 5A is "Resetting PATA/SATA bus and all devices".

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• Can't access my accelerated hard disk from msdos after installing linux on ssd cache

  - by Chibueze Opata

  I mistakenly installed Linux Mint on my ssd (forgot my PC actually came with one), when it detected a ~31GiB disk that it wanted to install to, I was a bit confused since I had brought out 30Gb in my primary disk for it, but I clicked continue. After installation, I tried to boot back into my Windows and it brought out some Intel Raid Disk Utility stuff saying I should disable acceleration on a disk something couldn't be found, I canceled it but whatever I tried, recovery tools, setups etc, I couldn't just access the drive which was apparently using the SSD as cache. Since then I've been stuck. I tried setting the 'raid' flag to the disk from 'gParted', still I couldn't. I tried the diskraid utility from windows recover disk, it said it couldn't detect any raid, diskpart sees the partition but doesn't see the volume, when I remove the raid flag, it sees the volume as one of raw type, and I can't access anything. I can however mount the drive from terminal in Mint and access my files, but I don't have any backup media at the moment so I can do a factory re-install. Please how do I go about solving the issue, precisely I would like to know how to boot into the drive again. Thanks!

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• Error loading operating system: format Windows 7 to Windows XP Service Pack 3

  - by Blerta

  I saw that there are other questions like mine here. But O also saw that some problems where solved with fixmbr from a Windows 7 recovery console, but that didn't work for me. I bought my laptop with Vista installed and later reformated and used Windows 7. During formatting with Windows 7 I had some problems with my hard drive and found out it was dead so I bought a new one. I wanted to reformat with Windows XP,because Windows 7 is consuming more RAM that it is able handle and I wanted to use it for other programs. So I formatted with Windows XP Service Pack 3 but after first reboot a message appeared: "Error loading operating system" Reading here, I assumed that maybe I had installed it on the wrong partition and maybe having two OS now, so I used fixmbr but it is still not starting up. Anyway I am sure that is not the case of two operating systems. Is there any chance that when the computer designed to work with Vista you would face problems with Windows XP? Like not recognizing a hard drive?

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• Which database to use and system/db administration by layman [closed]

  - by blah

  So my friend and I got briliant ;) idea for a business. Since it is not predictable whether it will work out or not, we decided to keep cost as low as possible to start with, in particular not to hire anyone. If it will work out as expected it will generate enough profit to hire professionals in few months. But for the first few months we'll be doing everything by ourselfs. He's a business/finance major, and I'm a software developer, so obviously I have to take care of IT :) It will be a webapp, written in python/django. My questions regarding this project: 1) What database should I choose? I'm experienced with oracle, and have been working with SQL Server for a while, but both of them are too expensive(at least now). It's a developer experience, I've never done any dba stuff. I'm looking for something free(as in beer). Looks like MySql or PostgreSQL are most popular in this sector. I would appreciate any comments on which db to choose. I'm open to any suggestions(it doesn't have to be MySql or Postgre). Here's what I know about data: It will be almost dates and numbers, a little bit of text. Searched mainly by dates. Data will almost never be updated, mostly inserted and browsed. From 30k to 300k new records/month. 2) Servers. My idea is to rent two dedicated servers. During normal operation one would be a web server(debian/apache), other would be a db server(debian/?). My recovery plan is to install everything on both, and in case of trouble with one of machines just run everything on the other one. Does it even makes sense? Any other tips appreciated. Thanks.

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• Backup with Mercurial and Robocopy?

  - by Andrew Neely

  The Problem We would like to backup our critical files from several network shares to a removable hard drive. We want to automate the backup so we don't have to remember to run it. It needs to finish overnight. Furthermore, we want to be able to preserve multiple versions of each file so we can back out of our user's mistakes easier. Background Information I work in a large Windows-based enterprise with a centralized IT section who is responsible for all backups. Their backups are geared towards disaster recovery and not user error, and require upper-level management approval for any non-disaster recoveries. Several times we have noticed that our backups have failed, we weren't notified. I do not have administrative rights to the server or my desktop. We are trying to backup some 198,000 files spanning about 240 gigabytes. These files rarely change. Our backup drive is one terabyte. My Proposed Solution What I would like to do is to write a batch file using Robocopy with the /mir option along with Mercurial SCM to store all versions of the file. I would do an hg add followed by an hg commit before each execution of Robocopy to save the current state, and then make a mirrored copy of the file structures. The problem is the /mir will delete every folder not present in the source, and Mercurial stores the repository in a .hg folder in the destination folder. Does anybody know how I could either convince Mercurial to store the .hg folder elsewhere, or convince Robocopy not to delete it from the destination? I'm trying to avoid writing a custom program do to copying.

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• Can one really fry a monitor by setting the wrong HorizSync and VertRefresh?

  - by rumtscho

  I've encountered this problem on several different systems with several different monitors: a monitor functions perfectly under Windows. I install a Linux and the max resolution is at some impossibly low value, mostly 640x480, changing it in Xorg.conf doesn't work. The X.org log file then shows that the driver cannot determine the correct refresh rate for the monitor, so it ignores everything in Xorg.conf and just loads in some default minimalistic mode. Googling the problem leads to an easy solution: set the HorizSync and VertRefresh in Xorg.conf, and everything works. The problem seems to be a common one, and I've seen dozens of results recommending the solution. Each of them contains the warning that you should use the value ranges provided with the monitor. Because if you don't, and your video card sends a signal with the wrong refresh rate, this can damage your monitor. Of course, you don't have a user manual for your monitor any more. If you are lucky to find one on the attic or on the net, it doesn't contain any information about the supported refresh rate. So you just type in the value suggested in the solution description, which varies wildly depending on your source, and cross your fingers. You restart, and... ... you've set the wrong values. So the monitor shows a short message like "input signal out of range", and you do a hard restart, repair your Xorg.conf in recovery mode, and everything is fine, including your monitor. So does this warning reflect a real possibility, or is it just a geeky urban legend? Or is it something which used to happen in the past, before manufacturers started protecting the monitors against it? Is it technically possible with every monitor technology, or is it maybe something which can only happen to a CRT? If you think that it's true, why? Have you ever witnessed a monitor die from the wrong refresh config, or have you read of it in a reputable source?

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• Exchange Server 2010: move mailboxes from recoveded and mounted edb to user's mailbox

  - by user36090

  One of our exchange servers crashed, and I am trying to recover the mailboxes. We had 1 exchange 2003 server named "apex" and 1 exchange 2010 server named "2008Enterprise. the exchange 2010 server named "2008Enterprise" crashed. I created a new exchange 2010 server named "Providence". I ran the command on Providence: New-MailboxDatabase -Recovery -Name JBCMail -Server Providence -EdbFilePath "c:\data\Exchange\Mailbox\Mailbox Database 0579285147\Mailbox Database 0579285147.edb" -LogFolderPath "c:\data\Exchange\Mailbox\Mailbox Database 0579285147" this command executed and finished without error I then ran the command: eseutil /p E00 this command was executed from the below directory: c:\data\Exchange\Mailbox\Mailbox Database 0579285147 I then mounted the JBCMail with the mount command note: I do not have my full typed command. Inside my Exchange Management Console (EMC) I can view the new mailbox database named JBCMail. The JBCMail database is show as mounted on the exchange server named Providence. I can see the crashed Exchange server named 2008Exchange. In the EMC the crashed exchange server states the Copy Status under ServerConfiguration-Mailbox is ServiceDown. From here I need to recover three mailboxes The mail boxes are on the apex server. How do I move the mailboxs from apex to Providence? How do I restore the mailboxes from JBCmail mounted database to the user's mailbox? I do not fully understand how to use the Restore-Mailbox command because when I use this command it tries to restore the mailbox to the dead apex server. Restore-Mailbox -ID 'Jason Young' -RecoveryDatabase JBCMail

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• Formula to calculate probability of unrecoverable read error during RAID rebuild

  - by OlafM

  I need to compare the reliability of different RAID systems with either consumer or enterprise drives. The formula to have the probability of success of a rebuild, ignoring mechanical problems, is simple: error_probability = 1 - (1-per_bit_error_rate)^bit_read and with 3 TB drives I get 38% probability to experience an URE (unrecoverable read error) for a 2+1 disks RAID5 (4.7% for enterprise drives) 21% for a RAID1 (2.4% for enterprise drives) 51% probability of error during recovery for the 3+1 RAID5 often used by users of SOHO products like Synologys. Most people don't know about this. Calculating the error for single disk tolerance is easy, my question concerns systems tolerant to multiple disks failures (RAID6/Z2, RAIDZ3 and RAID1 with multiple disks). If only the first disk is used for rebuild and the second one is read again from the beginning in case or an URE, then the error probability is the one calculated above squared (14.5% for consumer RAID5 2+1, 4.5% for consumer RAID1 1+2). However, I suppose (at least in ZFS that has full checksums!) that the second parity/available disk is read only where needed, meaning that only few sectors are needed: how many UREs can possibly happen in the first disk? not many, otherwise the error probability for single-disk tolerance systems would skyrocket even more than I calculated. If I'm correct, a second parity disk would practically lower the risk to extremely low values. Am I correct?

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• Custom MS-DOS / FreeDOS

  - by user1801387

  Goal : Build a custom DOS to boot into. To automate tasks like formating a drive, or doing recovery. I've been using Grub4DOS to boot into these images. So far I've looking into taking a windows repair disk ISO and extracting. I can't seem to find the autoexec.bat in the disk. I really don't know where to look for the startup configuration file to change or how to add an autoexec.bat. I've tried MS-DOS 6.22. But it lacks the diskpart tool I require. I've tried extracting the images and adding it. Then I got a boot failed. I assume that after i added it. All the files when to lower case names and I assume that the OS is case sensitive. Then I've looking into using FreeDOS. But I don't know how it works at all. Partially because I can't seem to grasp the help/wiki's information. I looked into getting a bearbones release with just the kernel and I think it's the config.sys file. But I don't have any idea on how the packaging system works to incorporate diskpart into it. So really I'm in general looking for a small bootable DOS to where I can incorporate diskpart and setup an autoexec.bat for the actual function to carry out and to boot into. Thanks :) This is just for personal use also.

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• Windows installation repair option not showing up

  - by Jason

  I'm trying to repair an existing Windows XP installation. Following the instructions from http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/helpandsupport/learnmore/tips/doug92.mspx this should work: - 1.When the Press any key to boot from CD message is displayed on your screen, press a key to start your computer from the Windows XP CD. - 2.Press ENTER when you see the message To setup Windows XP now, and then press ENTER displayed on the Welcome to Setup screen. - 3.Do not choose the option to press R to use the Recovery Console. - 4.In the Windows XP Licensing Agreement, press F8 to agree to the license agreement. - 5.Make sure that your current installation of Windows XP is selected in the box, and then press R to repair Windows XP. - 6.Follow the instructions on the screen to complete Setup. On step 5 pressing R does nothing and there is nothing on the screen saying it would. When I just select to install I get a message that a previous installation is there and proceeding will destroy it and installed applications, I can optionally select a directory other than c:/windows, and I can optionally format before continuing. I had tried to go from SP2-SP3. It failed, and then I couldn't get to Safe Mode. I put the SP1 disk back in to do a repair, and I don't see that option. (I don't have an SP2 boot/install disk, I just have the non-boot upgrade package.)

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• Mac Mini drive problems but SMART verified: bad hard drive or controller?

  - by Zac Thompson

  I have a 3-year-old Intel Mac Mini at home. About a month ago, it stopped booting from the hard drive (internal, SATA, 80GB). I tried booting from the Install Disc to repair the filesystem but Disk Utility was unable to do so ("invalid node structure"). I was also unable to use the hard drive in the Terminal from the Install Disc nor from an Ubuntu boot CD ("DRDY err"). I could see the contents of some directories, but others would give an error and I would get failures when trying to copy files. At this point I was sure the filesystem was hosed and I'd want to reformat at least. DiskWarrior was able to let me retrieve the data files I was interested in, which are now copied to an external hard drive, but it reported a high number of problems ("speed reduced by disk malfunction" count was over 2000) when in the process of trying to rebuild the directory for the drive. It also would not let me use the rebuilt directory to replace the one on the drive; it claimed the disk errors prevented recovery in this way. Under normal circumstances I would now assume that the drive itself was going bad: DiskWarrior's "disk malfunction" error above is supposed to imply hardware problems. My initial plan was to buy a replacement for the internal 2.5" drive. However: Disk Utility, command-line tools and DiskWarrior had reported all along that the SMART status of the drive was okay/Verified. So I'm now worried that the drive hardware is actually fine, and that the problems were due to a disk controller that has gone "bad" somehow. If this is the case, I'll probably just replace the whole computer. Any advice on how I can tell what is to blame? I don't have a lot of extra hardware sitting around, so I don't have the option of simply dropping the drive in another machine or popping another hard drive inside the Mini.

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• MacBook Pro (OSX Lion) - shutdown automatically before reaching login screen

  - by mkk

  When I try to lunch my MacBook Pro I can see a progress bar on loading screen. It goes to 1/15 or something like this and then it shut downs - I cannot reach even login screen. It happened to me 2 months ago, I have 'fixed' this by formatting my hard drive and installing OSX (Lion) again. This time I think that situation is a little bit different - I am able to enter single-user mode by pressing cmd + s. I then type /sbin/fsck -yf, I get the error: ** Checking Journaled HFS Plus volume. The volume name is Macintosh HD ** Checking extents overflow file. ** Checking catalog file. Invalid node structure (4, 24704) ** The volume Macintosh HD could not be verified completely. /dev/rdisk0s2 (hfs) EXITED WITH SIGNAL 8 but when I type exit, I can the login screen and I can log in. I tried a lot of things, booting from recovery partition and choosing disk utility to repair the disc, but I get error that it cannot be repaired. I have googled for hours and the only real solution I have found was to buy Disc warrior that might fix the issue. Any other suggestions? Secondary question is what causes this issue? I thought the reason are bad sectors, but Smart Utility haven't found any. I found suggestion that RAM could cause this kind of issue as well, so I downloaded rember and made memory test - all tests passed. Right now I have used my solution of entering single-mode user and then typing exit, however I am not sure how long it will 'work'. Of course I have back-uped what I considered important. Thanks for the help in advance! UPDATE: I guess Smart Utility was not very useful, I mnaged to get input/output error, which I believe is equivalent to bad sector.

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• Why do I get a DegradedArray event with mdadm

  - by azera

  Hello Just so we're clear on what's happening: I bought 4 new sata 2 drives, with the intent of using them in a raid5 all drive are fully recognised by both my bios and my linux box (gentoo) I created a raid5 array, fiddled a bit with it to understand how it works, how to monitor ect At some point, this triggered a degradedarray event, even though the array is brand new. I tried to stopping the array and recreating a new array with the same drive but the new array starts degraded too. here is what I used to create it mdadm --create -l5 -n4 /dev/md/md0-r5 /dev/sdb /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf here are the output from my /proc/mdstat and mdadm --detail --scan **mdstat** Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md127 : active raid5 sdf[4] sde[2] sdd[1] sdb[0] 4395415488 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 2.8% (41689732/1465138496) finish=890.3min speed=26645K/sec unused devices: <none> **detail** ARRAY /dev/md/md0-r5 metadata=0.90 spares=1 UUID=453e2833:81f22a74:64188b84:66721085 As such I have a couple questions: does a raid5 array always start in degraded mode at first ? why does sdf have the number 4 between bracket instead of 3, why does it see a spare disk and why is the 4th drive marked with _ instead of U ? (bad configuration ?) How can I recreate the array from scratch, do i have to format each drive on its own before recreating it ? Thanks for any help, I'm not sure about what I should do at the moment

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• Windows 8.1 - Won't boot (0xc000000f), bcdedit fails

  - by user3014097

  I’m pretty much stuck at this point. So, backstory: Windows was installed on one of the SSDs currently in my tower. I bought a new SSD to install Windows (8.1 64 bit) on. Windows installation went fine, booted up, and formatted the old SSD from within Windows (this seems to have been a mistake, but I didn’t realize that at the time). Despite formatting the old SSD, whenever I tried to boot I was told that there were 2 Windows installations. Apparently, when I formatted the old drive, not all of the partitions were removed. So, I booted up with the repair utility, went into cmd, and deleted the non-primary partitions on the old SSD (there were 2 – think they were system and recovery, although I’m forgetting now). Reboot – computer won’t boot. Getting the 0xc000000f “The boot selection failed because a required device is inaccessible” error. Troubleshooting so far: Automatic repair doesn’t fix anything (I’ve never had luck with it though) If I go to install a new version of Windows, the drives and partitions are all there. The SSD is functioning, I at least know that. I’ve essentially gone through this guide: https://neosmart.net/wiki/recovering-windows-bootloader/ Unfortunately, I’m not getting anywhere. I’m not even entirely sure how to describe the errors I’m getting, so I’ve just included pictures of every step (I can't actually post them though so I just included a photobucket link). http://s319.photobucket.com/user/DGalt11/library/Computer%20Issue Am I completely screwed here (i.e. reformat and reinstall?)? Thanks

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• How do I restart a Windows XP upgrade?

  - by Jason

  Is there a registry tweek to tell Windows Setup to start over? It tries to continue where it left off after I reboot. I can get to the Recovery Console. I tried to go from SP2-SP3. It failed, and I couldn't get to Safe Mode. I put in the SP1 disk (I don't have an SP2 boot disk, just the upgrade package.) It ran a couple minutes then gave me the error "the signature for windows xp professional upgrade is invalid" error code 800b0100. I rebooted to Safe Mode. I get to Safe Mode then say "Window XP Setup can't run under Safe Mode" press ok to restart. I put the SP3 disk back in, trying to get the "repair" option I didn't ever see putting in the SP1 disk, and it tried to continue the SP1 install - on the 4th step, and then gave the same signature error above. I need to get it to start over, so I can get to the repair option, to go back to SP2 (or install SP1 then add SP2 to it). Is there a registry tweek to tell Windows Setup to start over?

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• Effective backup and archive strategy for database and linked files

  - by busyspin

  I am using Postgres to store a variety of application data for a webapp. Part of the application involves storing and retrieving user uploaded files. I am storing the files in the filesystem with some associated metadata in the database. I am trying to come up with a backup and archive strategy so that I can effectively backup and archive/restore the database and the linked files. Here are the things I want to accomplish. Perform routine backups that can be used for recovery from failures and which include all DB data and the linked files. Ideally, this backup would be done while the app is running. Live backup is certainly possible with a DB but I am not sure how to keep the linked files consistent with the database during the backup process Archive chunks of data as they become "old". These chunks must includes the database data plus any linked files. It should be possible to put the archived data back into production again. It would be ideal if it were easy to determine which ranges of objects were stored in each chunk. Do you have any advice for how to accomplish these goals? If the files were in the database as BLOBS these tasks would be much easier since normal database backup and restore functionality would handle this. I am not sure how to accomplish the same thing when file data is linked to database rows.

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• The Server Fault Wiki of recommended practices [migrated]

  - by Avery Payne

  So I've noticed that there are several recommendations on basic practices on Server Fault, but there doesn't seem to be a cohesive view as to how those recommendations would all fit together. So I thought I would lump these together as a kind of mental exercise to see what the "ServerFault Community IT Department" would look like if it were implemented. This would give a few things: it would make a reasonable wiki (in the true wiki spirit of many contributions), it would provide several links to well-vetted practices, and it would be kind of fun to see what the amalgamation would look like. And who knows, it may even point out some interesting issues between different forms of "best practices", although I would be stunned if there was a conflict hidden in there someplace... Add your favorites from Server Fault as answers, and I'll re-edit this section with the results. Here's a few catagories to collect different ideas together. Hardware Configuration(s) Server room configuration. Server room temperature Firmware Updates and Scheduling Storage Configuration(s) Selecting a NAS box Linux: Dealing with /tmp Linux: Install apps in /var or /opt? Network Configuration(s) checking DNS health and compliance Security Practice(s) Password (General) Best Practices Password sharing methods Windows Update Updating Windows Servers that are hosts for VMs Network Service(s) User Service(s) User Naming & Deletion Upgrade Process(es) Disaster Recovery Checking Backups Documenting an outage for a post-mortem review Last Edit: 2010-02-17

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• Why do my backup fail when I target a network share hosted by a Synology DS211 disk station?

  - by Larry

  My backups are failing when I try to use a network share hosted by a Synology DS211 disk station. They work fine if I target a different network share (i.e. \server1\data\larry). When I run the following command: Wbadmin start backup -backupTarget:\\diskstation\backup-larry -include:C: This is what I get: wbadmin 1.0 - Backup command-line tool (C) Copyright 2004 Microsoft Corp. Note: The backed up data cannot be securely protected at this destination. Backups stored on a remote shared folder might be accessible by other people on the network. You should only save your backups to a location where you trust the other users who have access to the location or on a network that has additional security precautions in place. Retrieving volume information... This will back up volume WIN7(C:) to \\diskstation\backup-larry. Do you want to start the backup operation? [Y] Yes [N] No y Note: The list of volumes included for backup does not include all the volumes that contain operating system components. This backup cannot be used to perform a system recovery. However, you can recover other items if the destination media type supports it. The backup operation to \\diskstation\backup-larry is starting. Creating a shadow copy of the volumes specified for backup... Creating a shadow copy of the volumes specified for backup... The backup operation stopped before completing. Summary of the backup operation: ------------------ The backup operation stopped before completing. Detailed error: Access is denied. Windows Backup failed to write the file: '<backup location>\WindowsImageBackup\<Computer Name>\MediaId'. Access is denied. The backup creates the following path \\diskstation\backup-larry\WindowsImageBackup\LARRY-MYDOMAIN\ but its empty. I definitely have read/write access on the target directory (\diskstation\backup-larry). I have verified this by looking at the permission and by actually copying files to this location. Any suggestions?

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• a disk read error occurred

  - by kellogs

  Hi, ¨a disk read error occurred¨ appears on screen after choosing to boot into Windows XP from GRUB. [root@localhost linux]# fdisk -lu Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x48424841 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 204214271 102107104+ 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 204214272 255606783 25696256 af HFS / HFS+ Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 255606784 276488191 10440704 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda4 276490179 312576704 18043263 5 Extended /dev/sda5 * 276490240 286709759 5109760 83 Linux /dev/sda6 286712118 310488254 11888068+ b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda7 310488318 312576704 1044193+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris sda is a 160GB hard disk with quite a few partitions and 3 OSes installed. I am able to boot into Linux and Mac OS fine, but not into Windows anymore. The Windows system is located on /dev/sda1. I can not recall how exactly have I used testdisk but it once said that ¨The harddisk /dev/sda (160GB / 149 GB) seems too small! (< 172GB / 157GB)¨ or something simillar. So far I have tried to ¨fixboot¨ and ¨chkdsk¨ from a recovery console on the affected windows partition (/dev/sda1), the plug off power cord for 15 seconds trick, reinstalling GRUB, repairing the MFT and boot sector of the affected partition via testdisk, what next please ? Thank you!

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• Failing Windows Updates with Error Code 800719e4

  - by Kev

  On a number of Vista machines I have now come across the same error - when installing updates everything works fine, until it after it reboots and the rolls back during step 3. On all occasions (where a simple retry hasn't worked) the error code has been 800719e4. On my own laptop I have so far tried the following:- Installed the updates one by one manually - I started on the smallest and one by one have worked towards the largest one which has left me with "Security Update for Windows (KB2286198)" that refuses to install. Renamed all the files in "C:\Windows\Logs\CBS" to "xxx.old" where xxx was the original name with windows update turned off - no change Renamed all the folders in "C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution" in the same manner - no change Attempted to install it manually "Windows6.0-KB2286198-x86.msu" - no change Tried to un-install IE8 - doesn't work, rolls back at the end (Installing the IE9 Beta when it launched was what alerted me to the issue on this laptop) Ran a "Fix It" thing from the Microsoft Website - no help (Can't find the link now). Tried to recover from the disk - but alas my laptop only has a recovery partition (and was unservice packed original). Ran with nothing running on startup, and only MS services - again no change. Google is being useless with a load of posts trying to get me to call a telephone number with letters in (presumably an American number) The error code appears to mean error log full but no one has any idea which log! The WinUpdate log does indicate the following is the error point though :- 2010-10-23 13:54:48:230 1240 738 Handler WARNING: Got extended error: "POQ Operation SetKeyValue OperationData \Registry\machine\Schema\wcm://Microsoft-Windows-shell32?version=6.0.6002.18287&language=neutral&processorArchitecture=x86&publicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35&versionScope=nonSxS&scope=allUsers\metadata\elements\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT_lnkfile_shellex_DropHandler_defaultValue, @default, , ewAwADAAMAAyADEANAAwADEALQAwADAAMAAwAC0AMAAwADAAMAAtAEMAMAAwADAALQAwADAAMAAwADAAMAAwADAAMAAwADQANgB9AAAA" Has anyone any idea how to fix this once and for all - reinstalling laptop after laptop from scratch is mildly annoying at work where Office and Firefox are the only extras, but even more annoying at home - I don't fancy going through the palaver of reinstalling everything yet again.

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• filesystem compatible with freenas and windows

  - by Daniel

  Hi all, I'm planning on using FreeNAS (was considering openfiler but freenas seems simpler) for my home NAS box running off ESXI. I have managed to get local sata drives to mount in ESXI (http://serverfault.com/questions/216902/esxi-add-datastore-without-partitioning). I've had one of the drives fail on my before and I was able to retrieve most of the data off it using windows tools (I'm not much of a linux guy I know enough to be dangerous!). If I go the freenas route in the event that something goes bad what would be the best file system to use so that I could pop the drive out of the freenas box (vm) and put it in another pc running windows so I could try and run various recovery tools to get the data back. All in all its not a major problem if I lose the data just would be a bit annoying, so I'm not looking for suggestions around backing up etc. I was considering using NTFS that the drives are already formatted as but it appears that while freenas does support NTFS that its a bit buggy and not 100% reliable, anyone know if this is still true? Read that on a forum somewhere.

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• Windows Server 2008 backup VHD's - is it possible to mount/open in Windows 7?

  - by Simon

  Hi All, Is it possible to mount the VHD files created by the Windows Server 2008 backup utility onto a Windows 7 (release) client? Following an array failure I was very worried that there was a problem with both the backup sets on different USB drives as attaching the VHD to a Win 7 box did not show the expected structure (instead they behaved like unformatted disk space). Subsequently, I've attached the backup drive to a 2008r2 machine that I'd intended to be the replacement and the backup set can be browsed without issue (seemingly). When the new disks arrive I'll go through the recovery process and see where we are, but it looks promising so far. Is it simply the case that you can't take server created VHD's and mount them on desktop machines? (Rather than hyper-ventilating at the thought of years of lost photos and email, I'm now just mildly curious) Edit:One thing that has confused things is that the backup utility on Win7 is more restrictive about restoring from external devices than the equivilent on 2008r2. With r2, I can restore files 'from another server' and browse to external storage. Win7 only allows the back to be located on a network share. Once my box of new disks arrive and I've got something to restore onto, I'll move the smaller of the backup VHDs onto network storage reachable by Win7 and see if the VHD is readable. I haven't read up on the VHD process used by the backup app - I'm assuming it's a base VHD and differencing files used for incremental backups and that the restore app understands this. Finally: In retrospect the question should have been, 'can I restore a 2008r2 backup set via a Win 7 client' Thanks

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