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• VPN server to access Samba4

  - by VisionIncision

  On my network I have an Ubuntu 12.04 server running Samba4, my domain is fully configured and functional. Now, I would like to enable VPN access over the internet, and have another box to do so. I have been searching on the internet for guides and information etc, but have not been successful. I have however found this guide http://www.howtogeek.com/51237/setting-up-a-vpn-pptp-server-on-debian/ but was wondering if I could adapt it somehow to enable access to my DC services. EDIT: I would need to authenticate my VPN server with my DC, if that is possible of course. Any insight would be wonderful. Regards, Jack Hunt

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• on Red Hat Enterprise and CentOS, what is creating /var/run/reboot-required?

  - by EdwardTeach

  On CentOS 5.8+ and Red Hat Enterprise 6+, when installing/updating packages, I notice a flag file /var/run/reboot-required is created when appropriate. On Ubuntu (and Debian too, I'm guessing), if package "update-notifier-common" is installed, a package postinst script triggers creation of this flag file. On RHEL/CentOS I can't figure out how this is happening. For instance, on RHEL and CentOS I recently installed several updates and /var/run/reboot-required was created. One of them was an "openssl" package upgrade. I assume this was what created the flag file, since on Ubuntu it also works this way. However I looked at all "rpm -q --scripts" for each updated package, and didn't see anything that was likely to have created that flag file. Mostly I saw "postinstall program: /sbin/ldconfig". So my questions are: What creates this flag file on RHEL/CentOS? Does it require a special package to be installed, analogous to the "update-notifier-common" package on Ubuntu?

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• EC2 instance store cloning or to ebs via gui management console

  - by devnull

  I have found similar questions here but the answer are either outdated or are from the command line. The case is this. I have an EC2 instance using instance store (this was the only AMI available for Debian 6 in Ireland). Now through the AWS GUI I can do a snapshot of the instance volume and/or even create a volume. But an image made from the snapshot doesn't boot. What is the best solution to either clone an EC2 instance that uses instance store OR from the created snapshot of the instance store to launch a new EBS instance (identical clone) FROM the gui aws management console and not command line ? Before turning this down consider that there is not similar question on how to do it via the aws management console. hint can't be done is not an appropriate answer. As you can create a snapshot of the instance store backed instance and/or a volume and create an AMI from that snapshot.

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• Should DKIM signing happen in the application or the MTA?

  - by thomasrutter

  I'm trying to weigh up whether DKIM signing should be done by the application sending mail (for instance, the mailing list software you're using) or at the mail transfer agent (sendmail, postfix etc). Do you know any good arguments either way? As far as I can see, doing it at the MTA, such as with dkim-milter, is a lot easier to set up. However, if anyone gets access to the server, even just a normal unprivileged account such as a web hosting client's login, they'd be able to send email using sendmail and get the full blessing of my DKIM signature. What do you think is the best solution for my situation? I'm using a Debian server with apache, postfix, php&mysql, etc.

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• Ubuntu 12.04 Netinstall URL? Xen Host

  - by notFound

  Well I have an Xen server, I've got a CentOS container up fine but a friend of mine wants (oh god) Ubuntu Server 12.04, why he can't use Debian is beyond my understanding. But anyways, I can't remember how I installed the CentOS container but I'm giving virt-manager a try now, since I don't have a disk image already the only option is to get a Network Install URL since I'm using PV. So does anyone know what I should type in there, if it was CentOS I could easily type http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.2/os/i386 for example. The furthest I've got in finding a suitable URL is http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/ but that of course wont work. Any ideas?

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• Limiting Sybase ASE 15 CPU usage on VM

  - by reiniero

  I've set up a single CPU Sybase ASE 15.7 test/hobby/experimentation system on a Debian Squeeze x64 KVM VM. I notice the CPU load goes to 100% and stays there. Definitely not a Sybase guru, only interested to see if some programs I'm running work on the database. Looking at Sybase docs it seems ASE detects the machine is idle and then takes over all processing just waiting for a connection (and if needed, doing some housekeeping apparently). Normally that would be fine but as it is running in a VM it's taking away processor resources other VMs could use - and the increased fan noise of the PC near my desk annoy me. I've tried to remedy this: set the "runnable process search count" parameter from DEFAULT (2000 IRC) to 3 in /opt/sybase/ASE-15_0/SYBASE.cfg from http://sybase.reygrobellet.com/tutorials/install_sybase_vb/standalone04_configure_oralin11#TOC-Configure-kernel I added this to my /etc/init.d/sybase startup script: echo 0 /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space (though I don't think it'll make much difference) How can I tell Sybase to "behave" and not hog the processor - I don't mind reduced performance.

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• Varnish Error 503 Service Unavailable

  - by alfish

  On Debian I have Varnish cache in front of apache and get 503 error when I try to get urls which are rarely fetched. I've put 10 min timeout in default.vlc: backend default { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "81"; .connect_timeout = 600s; .first_byte_timeout = 600s; .between_bytes_timeout = 600s; } Also I have in /etc/default/varnish DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \ -T localhost:6082 \ -b localhost:81 \ -u varnish -g varnish \ -S /etc/varnish/secret \ -p thread_pools=7 \ -p thread_pool_min=200 \ -p thread_pool_max=5000 \ -p listen_depth=2048 \ -p thread_pool_add_delay=2\ -p lru_interval=1800 \ -h classic,169313 \ -p session_linger=100 \ -p sess_workspace=262144 \ -p connect_timeout=600 \ -p max_restarts=6 \ -s malloc,7G" I appreciate your hints to resove this problem.

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• Ubuntu server failing daily

  - by deanvz

  Symptoms: Server becomes unresponsive - Increase in load, all services stop Loss of connectivity - Ping/SSH Flush MySQL hosts after reboot - As MySQL refuses new connections Intermittent Apache crashes Generally happens early morning hours - 2 days of the week are however excluded Changes made: Updated the OS - to Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS Not sure if the MySQL server was also updated in the process Current MySQL version - mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.63, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 6.1 Updated Plesk from 10.4.4 Update #47 to 11.0.9 Update #23 Rebooted on almost daily basis All crons stopped for the times corresponding to the server crashes Created a MySQL log to monitor the lock times on queries Possible causes: Failing hardware Incorrect software configuration (MySQL, Apache etc) Responsibilities: Small webserver Runs our billing system - WHMCS Responsible for CRONs Bulk-email solution - No delivery times coincide with server crashes Proposed solutions: Move machine over to VM Format and restore the Plesk server backup and take it from there? Side notes: Seems to be a general Apache failure across all our linux servers - Intermittent problem Are we doing something fundamentally wrong in the Apache config? (I understand that this is a secondary question, just making sure that it isnt possibly holding any relevance)

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• MySQL started to consume about 40% of system CPU time and got unresponsive suddenly

  - by Alex

  I use Debian 6.0.3 x86_64 and MySQL 5.5.20-1~dotdeb.0-log from the Dotdeb repository. MySQL process started to consume a lot of "sy" CPU time serveral hours ago according to this graph. I was not able to connect to running mysqld process and had to kill it. I found nothing useful in logs. My setup seems to be quite common (I assume Dotdeb just redistributes stock MySQL versions) and I have never seen anything like this before. What is the possible root cause of this? How can I prevent this situation in the future?

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• Multiple domains, one config, hosted on apache2

  - by Kristoffer Sall Hansen

  First a quick disclaimer, I'm not a 'server guy' or a 'unix pro' or anything like that, I'm a web programmer who got stuck doing server works since I ran linux (ubuntu) on my netbook. I'm trying to set up an apache server running on Debian to automagically serve multiple domains, each domain needs to have its own directory in /var/www. Since this is the last thing I do for this company I really need it to be easy for my successor (who is even more a beginner at servers than I am), to create more domains without having to muck around with ssh or /etc/apache2/sites-available, so what I'm looking for is basically any magic mumbo-jumbo in default (or apt-get, or conf.d) that makes the server start serving any domain that has a matching folder in /var/www they will ofcourse have to initiate domain transfers the usual way. I have no problem setting up domains individually. Ick... hope the above makes sense to someone.

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• How to create a readonly root linux: Can be mounted as writeable for persistent changes?

  - by Mr Anderson

  I'd like a read only file system that runs almost entirely in RAM but the compact flash or hardrive can be mounted and made writeable to make persistent changes. How do I do this on Linux? I've looked at several tutorials but none really explain how to create such a system with the option of being able to mount the storage device and make persistent changes. I looked at this so far: http://chschneider.eu/linux/thin_client/ I also looked on the old gentoo wiki but the article was very specific to Gentoo. I'll be using a debian based Linux but it would be nice I've someone could explain to me how to do this in pretty generic instructions ,that would work on any Linux distro. Thanks.

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• Awstats messaging non existant user causing exim4 to go nuts

  - by Chris

  I've taken over managing a server set up by someone else now uncontactable, while managing to work out most faults / changes needed this one is stumping me. Awstats is running on the machine and sending messages via exim4 to a user every time it runs an update. The user account has been deleted and so the exim4 main log files are filling up with message delivery errors, which firstly hinders meaningful log analysis for anything else and secondly uses up quite a lot of space (it grew to 22GB unattended, panic!) I've been through all the conf files in /etc/awstats and can't seem to find any mention of this user account. Google just turns up results about how to use awstats to parse exim4 log files. So the questions is where is this setting (on debian) likely to be? Cheers in advance

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• Permission settings for apache2 web content directories with several users?

  - by John

  Hi there. I've got a Debian VPS set up with a LAMP-stack. My apache2 instance runs on the user account 'www-data'. In addition to the root account and the service accounts I have several user accounts belonging to friends, family and myself that includes FTP-access. This is to allow the users to drop files to the root of their domain which is located in their home folder. I am having issues with setting the correct permissions so that Apache is able to serve the content ("403 Forbidden"). I could just do a 'chmod -R 755 *' on the entire www-directory for each domain, but from what I gather that's not a good idea. Here's an example of the structure: apache2 is run by 'www-data' User 'john' has this home folder structure /home/john/domains/somedomain.com/www /home/john/domains/sub.somedomain.com/www How can I keep things safe while still allowing users to upload content via FTP, and allow for file-uploads in lets say Wordpress?

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• How can I use the shell to make my mp3s a Shoutcast source?

  - by ChasonDehsotel

  I'm looking to stream a directory of mp3s from my audio source (Debian server) to my Shoutcast server. The idea is to have an archive playing in the instance that someone isn't broadcasting live. I'm not sure how to continue. I started with extensive Google-ing, and was unable to come up with a solution. Evan Carroll suggested I try here. I appreciate any insight y'all may have. __ On a side note, "users with less than 100 reputation can't create new tags. The tags 'shoutcast-source shoutcast broadcasting' are new. Try using existing tags instead." -- Who can create these?

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• Plesk 10 Postfix with multiple IP adresses and SSL certificates

  - by JulianB

  We are currently running a root server with Debian 6 and Plesk 10.4.4. We have some virtual hosts using one IP adress (shared) - e.g. example1.com - and another virtual host using a dedicated IP address (example2.com). Is there a way to configure postfix to do the following Always use the IP address of the virtual host to which the e-mail account belongs (so that an e-mail from [email protected] will originate from the shared IP-Address and an e-mail from [email protected] will originate from the dedicated IP? Use different certificates for TLS for example1.com and example2.com? If the latter is not possible: Could any problems arrive when using example1.com as certificate for example2.com users? Of course, example2.com users would have to configure their clients to use example1.com as the SMTP server name to avoid annoying security warnings. But if we still would be able to get the effect of the first point that would still be acceptable.

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• creating proper vpn tunnel, when both LANs have the same addressing

  - by meta

  I was following this tutorial http://wiki.debian.org/OpenVPN#TLS-enabled_VPN and this one http://users.telenet.be/mydotcom/howto/linux/openvpn.htm to create openvpn connection to my remote LAN. But both examples assumed that both LANs have different addresses (ie 192.168.10.0/24 and 192.168.20.0/24, check out this image i.stack.imgur.com/2eUSm.png). Unfortunately in my case both local and remote lan have 192.168.1.0/24 addresses. I am able to connect directly on the openvpn server (I can ping it and log in with ssh), but I can't see other devices on the remote LAN (not mentioning accessing them via browser which was the point from the first place). And don't know if the addressing issue may be the reason of that? If not - how to define routes, so I could ping other devices in remote LAN?

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• Performance difference between compiled and binary linux distributions/packages

  - by jozko

  I was searching a lot on the internet and couldn't find an exact answer. There are distros like Gentoo (or FreeBSD) which does not come with binaries but only with source code for packages (ports). The majority of distros uses binary backages (debian, etc.). First question: How much speed increase can I expect from compiled package? How much speed increase can I get from real world packages like apache or mysql? i.e. queries per second? Second question: Does binary package means it does not use any CPU instructions that was introduced after first AMD 64bit CPU? With the 32bit packages does it mean that the package will run on 386 and basically does not use most of the modern CPU instructions? Additional info: - I am not talking about desktop, but server environment. - I dont care about compile time - I have more servers, so speed increase more than 15% is worth for using source code packages - Please no flamewars. Thank you very much

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• Send files ending in .mp4 in Apache with HTTP 206 Partial Content

  - by Pacha

  I am using Apache as web server and the return code is always HTTP/1.1 200. I want to set some kind of handler or use a mod to return HTTP/1.1 206 when the extension of the file requested is .mp4 so it can do video seeking, my web server is already returning some headers to do seeking, but it doesn't work. Is this possible? The HTTP headers http://*hidden*/media/movies/file/1080/d3191cd83109c593ec908f3a47efa8a2.mp4 GET /media/movies/file/1080/d3191cd83109c593ec908f3a47efa8a2.mp4 HTTP/1.1 Host: *hidden* User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/31.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Referer: http://vjs.zencdn.net/4.6/video-js.swf Cookie: csrftoken=zXngwwS1S827g7aAJYbHJS3ajn5BGq9M; sessionid=uj1hlj00c85aoehw0n5fye8waggb7uod Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2014 15:04:46 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.22 (Debian) X-Mod-H264-Streaming: version=2.2.7 Content-Length: 2148905782 Last-Modified: Wed, 13 Aug 2014 11:36:46 GMT Etag: "8e002a-8015b345-5008133ff23c4;-2146061514" Accept-Ranges: bytes Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: video/mp4

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• How do I connect to my wireless router settings on Linux?

  - by Joshua Robison

  My network is as follows: Internet Provider's DSL modem connected to Internet Provider's router connected to My Buffalo Wireless router connected to My Toshiba Laptop via WEP network My Toshiba Laptop is running LMDE Linux Mint Debian Edition Service Pack 3 i686 kernel I have experience using various routers and their configuration settings but for some reason I can not access my wireless router. In my cromium browser I tried the following ip addresses: Standard Usual IPs : 192.168.1.1, 192.168.0.1 (connection hangs and goes no where) On the back of my router: 192.168.11.1, 192.168.11.100 (connection hangs and goes nowhere ) In some tcpip info: 192.168.24.1 (unable to connect error message) If someone could give me some terminal commands that will help me find my wireless router address or some trouble shooting ideas, I would be very thankful.

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• Innodb : cannot allocate the memory for the buffer pool

  - by mingyeow

  My innodb keeps crashing. This is the error message below. Does anyone know why this keeps happening? InnoDB: by InnoDB 49201616 bytes. Operating system errno: 12 InnoDB: Check if you should increase the swap file or InnoDB: ulimits of your operating system. InnoDB: On FreeBSD check you have compiled the OS with InnoDB: a big enough maximum process size. InnoDB: Note that in most 32-bit computers the process InnoDB: memory space is limited to 2 GB or 4 GB. InnoDB: We keep retrying the allocation for 60 seconds... 0 processes alive and '/usr/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf ping' resulted in /usr/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)' Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' exists! InnoDB: Fatal error: cannot allocate the memory for the buffer pool [ERROR] Default storage engine (InnoDB) is not available

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• Good default for XDG_RUNTIME_DIR?

  - by cadrian

  The XDG Base Directory Specification is a very interesting spec for user directories. It also provides good default values, except for XDG_RUNTIME_DIR. Now I am writing a software that needs to create named pipes. It is a per-user client-server framework (there is a FIFO for the server and a FIFO per client). If XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not defined, I am currently using a per-user subdirectory in /tmp — but it does not ensure all the specified conditions (viz. the paragraph starting with "The lifetime of the directory MUST be bound to the user being logged in…") Is /tmp/myserver-$USER good enough? Edit I saw elsewhere a few suggestions: . is quite unsatisfactory (at least because it is not an absolute path). I also saw /var/run/user/$USER — not bad, but that directory does not exist (at least on my box running a Debian testing)

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• Overlapping Samba Shares

  - by Toaomalkster

  Is it OK to have samba shares that overlap, like the following: [whole-drive] path = /mnt/myusbdrive ... [music] path = /mnt/myusbdrive/music ... [movies] path = /mnt/myusbdrive/movies ... I have a mounted external HDD with music and movies, plus a whole bunch of other stuff like backups. I want to expose the music and movies directories as separate samba shares (probably with guest access), so that they're uncluttered with all the other stuff; and I want to expose the entire drive as a separate samba share (with higher permissions) for doing more administrative things across the drive. Does Samba behave well with this configuration? I'm wondering if I'd end up with problems like phantom writes if the same file is accessed at the same time across two different shares. Details: OS: Debian GNU/Linux wheezy/sid on Raspberry Pi HDD: NTFS, mounted as ntfs-3g. Samba: version 3.6.6

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• Alerting system for Munin

  - by akirk

  I am very satisfied with munin as a monitoring tool (as I only have a simple 2-server setup) but its alerting system is very annoying as you can only configure it to send an e-mail upon every check which generates a warning or an error. It seems like the only option is to use Nagios but in Debian it has Apache as a dependency and I already use nginx on my monitoring machine. All I want is to have the possibility to silence/acknowledge the alarm while I am working on a fix, so that I don't get bombarded with e-mails. Nagios seems like an oversized solution for that anyway. Is there any simple solution for that or am I the only one who feels like he needs such a tool?

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• Apache doesn't honor my file's permissions ?

  - by The Devil

  I'm having a problem with apache + php 5.3.5 installed on Debian 6. Apache will not honor the permissions of my files. Apache is running under user & group "daemon" and the files are owned by user & group "myUser". For example if myfile.php is with permissions 700 apache will execute it although it shouldn't be doing it. The same configuration works fine under Slackware 13.1. Does anybody know what am I doing wrong?

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• Enable fastcgi on SSL Virtualhost

  - by ggstevens

  Debian 7.5 My VirtualHost for port 80 works fine with the ifmodule for fastcgi. However, it does not work with the VirtualHost for port 443. SSL/https:// was working fine until I added the following: <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /php5-fcgi Alias /php5-fcgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -socket /var/run/php5-fpm.sock -pass-header Authorization </IfModule> When I try to restart Apache I get an error: Reloading web server config: apache2 failed! However, if I remove the FastCgiExternalServer line, it works.

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