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  • Why do iterators in Python raise an exception?

    - by NullUserException
    Here's the syntax for iterators in Java (somewhat similar syntax in C#): Iterator it = sequence.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { System.out.println(it.next()); } Which makes sense. Here's the equivalent syntax in Python: it = iter(sequence) while True: try: value = it.next() except StopIteration: break print(value) I thought Exceptions were supposed to be used only in, well, exceptional circumstances. Why does Python use exceptions to stop iteration?

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  • Strengthening code with possibly useless exception handling

    - by rdurand
    Is it a good practice to implement useless exception handling, just in case another part of the code is not coded correctly? Basic example A simple one, so I don't loose everybody :). Let's say I'm writing an app that will display a person's information (name, address, etc.), the data being extracted from a database. Let's say I'm the one coding the UI part, and someone else is writing the DB query code. Now imagine that the specifications of your app say that if the person's information is incomplete (let's say, the name is missing in the database), the person coding the query should handle this by returning "NA" for the missing field. What if the query is poorly coded and doesn't handle this case? What if the guy who wrote the query handles you an incomplete result, and when you try to display the informations, everything crashes, because your code isn't prepared to display empty stuff? This example is very basic. I believe most of you will say "it's not your problem, you're not responsible for this crash". But, it's still your part of the code which is crashing. Another example Let's say now I'm the one writing the query. The specifications don't say the same as above, but that the guy writing the "insert" query should make sure all the fields are complete when adding a person to the database to avoid inserting incomplete information. Should I protect my "select" query to make sure I give the UI guy complete informations? The questions What if the specifications don't explicitly say "this guy is the one in charge of handling this situation"? What if a third person implements another query (similar to the first one, but on another DB) and uses your UI code to display it, but doesn't handle this case in his code? Should I do what's necessary to prevent a possible crash, even if I'm not the one supposed to handle the bad case? I'm not looking for an answer like "(s)he's the one responsible for the crash", as I'm not solving a conflict here, I'd like to know, should I protect my code against situations it's not my responsibility to handle? Here, a simple "if empty do something" would suffice. In general, this question tackles redundant exception handling. I'm asking it because when I work alone on a project, I may code 2-3 times a similar exception handling in successive functions, "just in case" I did something wrong and let a bad case come through.

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  • After the upgrading to 13.10, I can't input Japanese and Chinese in Emacs

    - by oda
    I have just upgraded Ubuntu from 13.04 to 13.10. It seems iBus have been made big changes.Then I just go to system setting - text entry settings - add "Chinese pinyin" and "Japanese anty" input method. It works well when I input Chinese or Japanese in terminal or .txt file. But when I want to input Chinese and Japanese in Emacs. Even though I have enable ibus-mode in the buffer and change to Chinese pinyin or Japanese anty input method. It just output the English word. Below is the ibus configure in .emacs.By the way, It works well before I upgrade Ubuntu to 13.10 and Emacs to 24.3.1. (add-to-list 'load-path (concat my-emacs-path "/ibus-el-0.3.2")) ;;(setq ibus-python-shell-command-name "python2.7") (require 'ibus) ;; Turn on ibus-mode automatically after loading .emacs (add-hook 'after-init-hook 'ibus-mode-on) (setq ibus-cursor-color '("red" "blue" "limegreen"))

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  • Data migration - dangerous or essential?

    - by MRalwasser
    The software development department of my company is facing with the problem that data migrations are considered as potentially dangerous, especially for my managers. The background is that our customers are using a large amount of data with poor quality. The reasons for this is only partially related to our software quality, but rather to the history of the data: Most of them have been migrated from predecessor systems, some bugs caused (mostly business) inconsistencies in the data records or misentries by accident on the customer's side (which our software allowed by error). The most important counter-arguments from my managers are that faulty data may turn into even worse data, the data troubles may awake some managers at the customer and some processes on the customer's side may not work anymore because their processes somewhat adapted to our system. Personally, I consider data migrations as an integral part of the software development and that data migration can been seen to data what refactoring is to code. I think that data migration is an essential for creating software that evolves. Without it, we would have to create painful software which somewhat works around a bad data structure. I am asking you: What are your thoughts to data migration, especially for the real life cases and not only from a developer's perspecticve? Do you have any arguments against my managers opinions? How does your company deal with data migrations and the difficulties caused by them? Any other interesting thoughts which belongs to this topics?

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  • Trying to develop a game with android for cracking glasses in different dimensions

    - by user46514
    I am trying to develop a game in android where I will have to punch a hole to get through the glass but not shatter the glass completely. The glass will show up in different forms of polygons and when a hole is created by a projectile, the rest of the polygon will still remain intact.Only a polygonal opening will get created at the point of impact with the projectile. I am new at game design in android but I was thinking that I would create a random polygon shape to show in the path and then at the point where the projectile hits it, I could create a glass polygon to create a splinter effect. The rest of the part of the glass that is randomly created at the point of impact, I could further splinter it into polygons flying at different angle. since I also need to capture the bits of glasses flying off and falling down with gravity. Is my solution the best efficient one at performance of threads or is there a better solution for this glass breaking effect. Thanks Dhiren

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  • Agile PLM 9.3 Service Pack 2 (SP2 or 9.3.0.2) is released along with AUT 1.6.2.0 and AutoVue 20 for

    - by Shane Goodwin
    Oracle released Agile PLM 9.3 SP2 on June 14 and the Agile installer for AutoVue 20 for Agile PLM on April 30. Also available are the new versions of AUT and Averify - 1.6.3 for both tools. 9.3 SP2 is a combined English and NLS release for use on any version of 9.3.0. SP2 contains many bug fixes and rolls up several Hot Fixes - please review the Readme for all the details. In addition, this release also addresses some scalability issues when working with very large Exports and Reports. When exporting very large BOMs, the export module will now release objects more efficiently to reduce the amount of memory consumed on the Application Server. Adminstrators can also control the maximum row limits for Users verses system processes, like ACS. Several out of the box BOM reports have also been changed to use a new row limit option. The combination of all these changes will provide more stability on the application server for customers managing very large datasets. 9.3 SP2 also adds support for Oracle Database 11gR2 for Windows, Oracle Internet Directory (OID) and Oracle Access Manager (OAM). Please note that currently the Variant Patch is not intended to be released for SP2. Customers running the Variant Patch should remain on 9.3.0.0 or 9.3.0.1. Back in April, we also released the AutoVue 20 for Agile PLM installer. AutoVue 20 has many new features which will help Agile PLM customers. Large multi-page Word documents and 2D CAD documents will open more quickly to the first page or first rendition. Memory usage is less when working with 3D Models. There are many new formats supported for MCAD, 2D Cad, and EDA. AutoVue 20 is immediately available for Windows and Linux platforms. The new software can be found in Edelivery or Metalink / Oracle Support: - AutoVue 20 for Agile PLM is on E-Delivery with part number B58963-01 - Oracle Agile PLM 9.3 Service Pack 2 (9.3.0.2) My Oracle Support Patch ID 9782736 - AVERIFY 1.6.3 My Oracle Support Patch ID 9791892 - AUT 1.6.3 My Oracle Support Patch ID 9791908 - Agile PLM 9.3 SP2 Documentation is available on the OTN Agile Documentation Page

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  • When and why you should use void (instead of i.e. bool/int)

    - by Jonas
    I occasionally run into methods where a developer chose to return something which isn't critical to the function. I mean, when looking at the code, it apparently works just as nice as a void and after a moment of thought, I ask "Why?" Does this sound familiar? Sometimes I would agree that most often it is better to return something like a bool or int, rather then just do a void. I'm not sure though, in the big picture, about the pros and cons. Depending on situation, returning an int can make the caller aware of the amount of rows or objects affected by the method (e.g., 5 records saved to MSSQL). If a method like "InsertSomething" returns a boolean, I can have the method designed to return true if success, else false. The caller can choose to act or not on that information. On the other hand, May it lead to a less clear purpose of a method call? Bad coding often forces me to double-check the method content. If it returns something, it tells you that the method is of a type you have to do something with the returned result. Another issue would be, if the method implementation is unknown to you, what did the developer decide to return that isn't function critical? Of course you can comment it. The return value has to be processed, when the processing could be ended at the closing bracket of method. What happens under the hood? Did the called method get false because of a thrown error? Or did it return false due to the evaluated result? What are your experiences with this? How would you act on this?

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  • Declarative Architectures in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

    - by BuckWoody
    I deal with computing architectures by first laying out requirements, and then laying in any constraints for it's success. Only then do I bring in computing elements to apply to the system. As an example, a requirement might be "world-side availability" and a constraint might be "with less than 80ms response time and full HA" or something similar. Then I can choose from the best fit of technologies which range from full-up on-premises computing to IaaS, PaaS or SaaS. I also deal in abstraction layers - on-premises systems are fully under your control, in IaaS the hardware is abstracted (but not the OS, scale, runtimes and so on), in PaaS the hardware and the OS is abstracted and you focus on code and data only, and in SaaS everything is abstracted - you merely purchase the function you want (like an e-mail server or some such) and simply use it. When you think about solutions this way, the architecture moves to the primary factor in your decision. It's problem-first architecting, and then laying in whatever technology or vendor best fixes the problem. To that end, most architects design a solution using a graphical tool (I use Visio) and then creating documents that  let the rest of the team (and business) know what is required. It's the template, or recipe, for the solution. This is extremely easy to do for SaaS - you merely point out what the needs are, research the vendor and present the findings (and bill) to the business. IT might not even be involved there. In PaaS it's not much more complicated - you use the same Application Lifecycle Management and design tools you always have for code, such as Visual Studio or some other process and toolset, and you can "stamp out" the application in multiple locations, update it and so on. IaaS is another story. Here you have multiple machines, operating systems, patches, virus scanning, run-times, scale-patterns and tools and much more that you have to deal with, since essentially it's just an in-house system being hosted by someone else. You can certainly automate builds of servers - we do this as technical professionals every day. From Windows to Linux, it's simple enough to create a "build script" that makes a system just like the one we made yesterday. What is more problematic is being able to tie those systems together in a coherent way (as a solution) and then stamp that out repeatedly, especially when you might want to deploy that solution on-premises, or in one cloud vendor or another. Lately I've been working with a company called RightScale that does exactly this. I'll point you to their site for more info, but the general idea is that you document out your intent for a set of servers, and it will deploy them to on-premises clouds, Windows Azure, and other cloud providers all from the same script. In other words, it doesn't contain the images or anything like that - it contains the scripts to build them on-premises or on a cloud vendor like Microsoft. Using a tool like this, you combine the steps of designing a system (all the way down to passwords and accounts if you wish) and then the document drives the distribution and implementation of that intent. As time goes on and more and more companies implement solutions on various providers (perhaps for HA and DR) then this becomes a compelling investigation. The RightScale information is here, if you want to investigate it further. Yes, there are other methods I've found, but most are tied to a single kind of cloud, and I'm not into vendor lock-in. Poppa Bear Level - Hands-on EvaluateRightScale at no cost.  Just bring your Windows Azurecredentials and follow the these tutorials: Sign Up for Windows Azure Add     Windows Azure to a RightScale Account Windows Azure Virtual Machines     3-tier Deployment Momma Bear Level - Just the Right level... ;0)  WindowsAzure Evaluation Guide - if you are new toWindows Azure Virtual Machines and new to RightScale, we recommend that youread the entire evaluation guide to gain a more complete understanding of theWindows Azure + RightScale solution.    WindowsAzure Support Page @ support.rightscale.com - FAQ's, tutorials,etc. for  Windows Azure Virtual Machines (Work in Progress) Baby Bear Level - Marketing WindowsAzure Page @ www.rightscale.com - find overview informationincluding solution briefs and presentation & demonstration videos   Scale     and Automate Applications on Windows Azure  Solution Brief     - how RightScale makes Windows Azure Virtual Machine even better SQL     Server on Windows Azure  Solution Brief   -       Run Highly Available SQL Server on Windows Azure Virtual Machines

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  • What should be allowed inside getters and setters?

    - by Botond Balázs
    I got into an interesting internet argument about getter and setter methods and encapsulation. Someone said that all they should do is an assignment (setters) or a variable access (getters) to keep them "pure" and ensure encapsulation. Am I right that this would completely defeat the purpose of having getters and setters in the first place and validation and other logic (without strange side-effects of course) should be allowed? When should validation happen? When setting the value, inside the setter (to protect the object from ever entering an invalid state - my opinion) Before setting the value, outside the setter Inside the object, before each time the value is used Is a setter allowed to change the value (maybe convert a valid value to some canonical internal representation)?

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  • How do I make sure the web developer I hire will not steal my idea?

    - by Greg McNulty
    So I have a great idea for a new website. However, not the time to develop it. I would like to hire a person or company to design it for me. What steps do I need to take, to protect my idea? Where and how do people protect website ideas in general? Also, how easy is it for someone to tweak the idea and make it legally heir own? Is a patent enough to protect such a thing, idea. Are there different levels or types of protection? Thank You.

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  • Improve Engineering & Construction Project Productivity

    - by [email protected]
    Driving successful project delivery and providing greater value and return for all stakeholders are key goals for firms in the engineering and construction industry. However, increasingly complex construction projects, compressed schedules, ineffective collaboration among project stakeholders, and limited interoperability, can get in the way of these goals and lead to reduced productivity. What E&C firms need are solutions that will improve global team collaboration, optimize processes and better communicate electronic project data. Check out the AutoVue for Engineering and Construction Solution Brief and learn how AutoVue enterprise visualization solutions can: - improve global project collaboration and communication - improve data interoperability - support virtual design and construction projects - improve change management and maintain accountability

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  • How to learn the math behind the code?

    - by Solomon Wise
    I am a 12 year old who has recently gotten into programming. (Although I know that the number of books you have read does not determine your programming competency or ability, just to paint a "map" of where I am in terms of the content I know...) I've finished the books: Python 3 For Absolute Beginners Pro Python Python Standard Library by Example Beautiful Code Agile Web Development With Rails and am about halfway into Programming Ruby. I have written many small programs (One that finds which files have been updated and deleted in a directory, one that compares multiple players' fantasy baseball value, and some text based games, and many more). Obviously, as I'm not some sort of child prodigy, I can't take a formal Computer Science course until high school. I really want to learn computer science to increase my knowledge about the code, and the how the code runs. I've really become interested in the math part after reading the source code for Python's random module. Is there a place where I can learn CS, or programming math online for free, at a level that would be at least partially understandable to a person my age?

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  • How can an SQL relational database be used to model a thesaurus? [closed]

    - by Miles O'Keefe
    I would like to design a web app that functions as a simple thesaurus: a long list of words with attributes, all of which are linked to each other. This thesaurus data model can be defined as: a controlled vocabulary arranged in a known order in which equivalence, hierarchical, and associative relationships among terms are clearly displayed and identified by standardized relationship indicators. My idea so far is to have one database in which every word is a table, and every table contains all words related to that word. e.g. Thesaurus(database) - happy(table) - excited(row)|cheerful(row)|lively(row) Is there are more efficient way to store words and their relationship to other words in a relational SQL database?

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  • Which are the cons of using only non-member functions and POD?

    - by Miro
    I'm creating my own game engine. I've read these articles and this question about DOD and it was written to not use member functions and classes. I also heard some criticism to this idea. I can write it using member functions or non-member functions it would be similar. So what are the benefits/cons of that approach or when the project grows, does any of these approaches give clearer and better manageable code? With POD & non-member functions I don't have to make struct members public I can still use object id outside of engine like OpenGL does with all it's stuff, so It's not about encapsulation. POD - plain old data DOD - data oriented design

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  • Are there any guidelines for laying out screen "real estate?"

    - by Corey
    I'm wondering if there is any information about creating a decent page layout so that your website will appeal to users of all resolutions. For example, the optimal width for pages. It seems like on my resolution, most websites have their content centered and covers about 80% of the page, which is easy on the eyes. Or maybe the height of the website's logo/header -- some sites I stumble upon have a huge logo with links or navigation under it, making it so that I need to scroll down to see the actual content, like articles or images (these sites don't keep me for very long). I understand that every user is different and may have browser extensions, page zoom or may be running some ancient system that displays in 640x480. I'm not looking for a "best" solution, but rather, some guidelines about designing to accommodate different resolutions. Basically, how can I make sure that I don't design a page where a paragraph might display in several easy-to-read lines on my resolution, but it turns into a single line on a 1920x1080 resolution and makes it hard for the user to follow?

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  • How do you end up with event-sourcing if you use a xDD approach?

    - by Tomas Jansson
    When working in a TDD or BDD manner your unit tests are supposed to drive your design. But how do you end up with event-sourcing using a xDD techniques? As I see it event sourcing is something you need to adopt early on to take full advantage of it. Lets say that you start without event-sourcing and do a release. Later on when you are releasing version 2.0 you realize that it would be great to use event-sourcing, but at that point you alread have missed all the events from version 1.0 so it makes it much harder to implement. Or do you take some kind of backup of your db from before event-sourcing and use that as base line and then add event-sourcing on top of that?

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  • What do you call "X <= $foo <= Y" comparison?

    - by Jakob
    While writing a Perl statement like if ( $foo >= X && $foo <= Y ) yet again, I wondered why many programming languages do not support the more comfortable form if ( X <= $foo <= Y ) and what this is called. I came up with "3-legged comparison" but no results when searching for it. By the way there is also the "element-of-set" form if ( $foo in X..Y ) which I only consider more readable when provided via a short keyword. Is there a term for X <= $foo <= Y comparison? Which languages support it?

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  • How should I make searching a relational database more efficient?

    - by Travis J
    This is in the scope of a web application. I have a database which has a few nested relations. There is a feature which depicts the history of a large chain of relations. It is essentially a data analysis feature. The issue is that in order to search, a large object graph must be loaded - the loading time for this object graph is not quick enough to be viable. The problem is that without loading the whole graph it makes searching from a single string nearly impossible. In order to search, explicit fields must be specified and the search data supplied. Is there a design pattern for exposing the data in a way which facilitates a single string search instead of having to explicitly define parameters?

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  • How to give credit about an image I display in my website?

    - by Erel Segal Halevi
    I looked for an image for decorating the main page of my website. I found a great image in Wikipedia. The license allows me to use the image, but, I must give credit to the creators (which includes their name and a link to their Flickr page). My question is: what is the best way to give credit about the image, such that the page design will not be harmed? In case it matters: my page is very simple - it contains only the image (floated right), a heading, a small amount of text, and some links. But, my question is more general and probably applies to many different websites.

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  • Taking Object Oriented development to the next level

    - by Songo
    Can you mention some advanced OO topics or concepts that one should be aware of? I have been a developer for 2 years now and currently aiming for a certain company that requires a web developer with a minimum experience of 3 years. I imagine the interview will have the basic object oriented topics like (Abstraction, Polymorphism, Inheritance, Design patterns, UML, Databases and ORMs, SOLID principles, DRY principle, ...etc) I have these topics covered, but what I'm looking forward to is bringing up topics such as Efferent Coupling, Afferent Coupling, Instability, The law of Demeter, ...etc. Till few days ago I never knew such concepts existed (maybe because I'm a communication engineer basically not a CS graduate.) Can you please recommend some more advanced topics concerning object oriented programming?

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  • Why should we use low level languages if a high level one like python can do almost everything? [closed]

    - by killown
    I know python is not suitable for things like microcontrolers, make drivers etc, but besides that, you can do everything using python, companys get stuck with speed optimizations for real hard time system but does forget other factors which one you can just upgrade your hardware for speed proposes in order to get your python program fit in it, if you think how much cust can the company have to maintain a system written in C, the comparison is like that: for example: 10 programmers to mantain a system written in c and just one programmer to mantain a system written in python, with python you can buy some better hardware to fit your python program, I think that low level languages tend to get more cost, since programmers aren't so cheaply than a hardware upgrade, then, this is my point, why should a system be written in c instead of python?

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  • Books, resources and so on about GUI architecture [on hold]

    - by Moses
    I'm making first steps in GUI programming. Earlier I've had little experience with GUI and I remember that it was kind of pain. Code was either coupled or to verbose with tons of "Listeners". It seems to me that problem in me and not in a library that I used(Swing). So, could you recommend me some books, tutorials or resources where I can find how to design gui programms? Emphasize that I'm interested in architecture and not in how to use components of some framework(which about 90% of tutorials that I've ever seen).

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  • Why Use !boolean_variable Over boolean_variable == false

    - by ell
    A comment on this question: Calling A Method that returns a boolean value inside a conditional statement says that you should use !boolean instead of boolean == false when testing conditions. Why? To me boolean == false is much more natural in English and is more explicit. I apologise if this is just a matter of style, but I was wondering if there was some other reason for this preference of !boolean?

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  • CodeGolf : Find the Unique Paths

    - by st0le
    Here's a pretty simple idea, in this pastebin I've posted some pair of numbers. These represent Nodes of a unidirected connected graph. The input to stdin will be of the form, (they'll be numbers, i'll be using an example here) c d q r a b d e p q so x y means x is connected to y (not viceversa) There are 2 paths in that example. a->b->c->d->e and p->q->r. You need to print all the unique paths from that graph The output should be of the format a->b->c->d->e p->q->r Notes You can assume the numbers are chosen such that one path doesn't intersect the other (one node belongs to one path) The pairs are in random order. They are more than 1 paths, they can be of different lengths. All numbers are less than 1000. If you need more details, please leave a comment. I'll amend as required. Shameless-Plug For those who enjoy Codegolf, please Commit at Area51 for its very own site:) (for those who don't enjoy it, please support it as well, so we'll stay out of your way...)

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  • Does a prose to code compiler exist?

    - by Raynos
    I have seen some horrible code in my time including people virtually duplicating the code in comments // add 4 to x x+=4; // for each i in 0 to 9 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // multiply x by i x *= i; } Taking this concept further, I'm curious whether prose to code compilers exist. Is there a valid use case for English prose to code? Do compilers exist that do this? The distinction between this and auto generated code, is that auto generated code is generally always a subset of a project. Can we have complete projects auto generated from english prose? I realise that this might overlap with the concept of declarative languages.

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