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  • gcc, UTF-8 and limits.h

    - by bobby
    My OS is Debian, my default locale is UTF-8 and my compiler is gcc. By default CHAR_BIT in limits.h is 8 which is ok for ASCII because in ASCII 1 char = 8 bits. But since I am using UTF-8, chars can be up to 32 bits which contradicts the CHAR_BIT default value of 8. If I modify CHAR_BIT to 32 in limits.h to better suit UTF-8, what do I have to do in order for this new value to come into effect ? I guess I have to recompile gcc ? Do I have to recompile the linux kernel ? What about the default installed Debian packages, will they work ?

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  • C/C++ - Convert 24-bit signed integer to float

    - by e-t172
    I'm programming in C++. I need to convert a 24-bit signed integer (stored in a 3-byte array) to float (normalizing to [-1.0,1.0]). The platform is MSVC++ on x86 (which means the input is little-endian). I tried this: float convert(const unsigned char* src) { int i = src[2]; i = (i << 8) | src[1]; i = (i << 8) | src[0]; const float Q = 2.0 / ((1 << 24) - 1.0); return (i + 0.5) * Q; } I'm not entirely sure, but it seems the results I'm getting from this code are incorrect. So, is my code wrong and if so, why?

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  • charset problem?

    - by Ben Fransen
    Hi all, I have a bugging problem. For a website I made there are search engine friendly URL's generated. The only problem is there are ß-chars in the url too. Chars like ö, ï, ä, ü etc. are placed correct. But with the ß-char there is a diamond-icon with a questionmark in it. I thought it had to do with the charset which is used but i've tried both UTF-8 and iso-8859-1. Both without luck. I need to have the correct character in the url for the readability of deeplinks. Hope to hear from you!

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  • dangling pointer, reason for value change after free()?

    - by Aman Jain
    In the following code segment, after free(x), why does y becomes 0? As per my understanding, the memory in the heap that was being pointed to by x, and is still being pointed by y, hasn't been allocated to someone else, so how can it change to 0? And moreover, I don't think it is free(x) that changed it to 0. Any comments? #include <stdio.h> int main ( int argc, char *argv[] ) { int *y = NULL; int *x = NULL; x = malloc(4); *x = 5; y = x; printf("[%d]\n", *y); //prints 5 free(x); printf("[%d]\n", *y); //why doesn't print 5?, prints 0 instead return 0; }

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  • [C++] instantiating bitset using hex character.

    - by bndz
    Hey, I'm trying to figure out how to instantiate a 4 bit bitset based on a hex character. For instance, If I have a character with value 'F', I want to create a bitset of size 4 initialized to 1111 or if it is A, i want to initialize it to 1010. I could use a bunch of if statements like so: fn(char c) { bitset<4 temp; if(c == 'F') temp.set(); //... if(c == '9') { temp.set(1); temp.set(3); } //... } This isn't efficient, is there a way of easily converting the string to a decimal integer and constructing the bitset using the last 4 bits of the int? Thanks for any help.

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  • c++ library for endian-aware reading of raw file stream metadata?

    - by Kache4
    I've got raw data streams from image files, like: vector<char> rawData(fileSize); ifstream inFile("image.jpg"); inFile.read(&rawData[0]); I want to parse the headers of different image formats for height and width. Is there a portable library that can can read ints, longs, shorts, etc. from the buffer/stream, converting for endianess as specified? I'd like to be able to do something like: short x = rawData.readLeShort(offset); or long y = rawData.readBeLong(offset) An even better option would be a lightweight & portable image metadata library (without the extra weight of an image manipulation library) that can work on raw image data. I've found that Exif libraries out there don't support png and gif.

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  • How can I ensure that a Java object (containing cryptographic material) is zeroized?

    - by Jeremy Powell
    My concern is that cryptographic keys and secrets that are managed by the garbage collector may be copied and moved around in memory without zeroization. As a possible solution, is it enough to: public class Key { private char[] key; // ... protected void finalize() throws Throwable { try { for(int k = 0; k < key.length; k++) { key[k] = '\0'; } } catch (Exception e) { //... } finally { super.finalize(); } } // ... }

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  • Simple syntax error still eluding me.

    - by melee
    Here is the header for a class I started: #ifndef CANVAS_ #define CANVAS_ #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> #include <stack> class Canvas { public: Canvas(); void Paint(int R, int C, char Color); const int Nrow; const int Ncol; string Title; int image[][100]; stack<int> path; struct PixelCoordinates { unsigned int r; unsigned int c; } position; Canvas operator<< (const Canvas& One ); Canvas operator>>( Canvas& One ); }; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name: operator<< Purpose: Put a Canvas into an output stream -----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ ostream& operator<<( ostream& Out, const Canvas& One ) { Out << One.Title << endl; Out << "Rows: " << One.Nrow << " Columns: " << One.Ncol << endl; int i,j; for( i=0; i<One.Nrow; i++) { cout<<"\n\n\n"; cout<< " COLUMN\n"; cout<< " 1 2 3"; for(i=0;i<One.Nrow;i++) { cout<<"\nROW "<<i+1; for(j=0;j<One.Ncol;j++) cout<< One.image[i][j]; } } return Out; } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name: operator>> Purpose: Get a Canvas from an input stream -----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ istream& operator>>( istream& In, Canvas& One ) { // string Line; // int Place = 0; // { // In >> Line; // if (In.good()) // { // One.image[Place][0] = Line; // Place++; // } // return In; #endif Here is my implementation file for class Canvas: using namespace std; #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> #include <stack> #include "proj05.canvas.h" //----------------Constructor----------------// Canvas::Canvas() { Title = ""; Nrow = 0; Ncol = 0; image[][100] = {}; position.r = 0; position.c = 0; } //-------------------Paint------------------// void Canvas::Paint(int R, int C, char Color) { cout << "Paint to be implemented" << endl; } And the errors I'm getting are these: proj05.canvas.cpp: In function 'std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Canvas&)': proj05.canvas.cpp:11: error: expected `;' before '{' token proj05.canvas.cpp:24: error: expected `}' at end of input From my limited experience, they look like simple syntax errors but for the life of me, I cannot see what I am missing. I know putting a ; at the end of Canvas::Canvas() is wrong but that seems to be what it expects. Could someone please clarify for me? (Also, I know much of the code for the << and operator definitions look terrible, but unless that is the specific reason for the error please do not address it. This is a draft :) )

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  • How to initialize a static const map in c++?

    - by Meloun
    Hi, I need just dictionary or asociative array string = int. There is type map C++ for this case. But I need make one map in my class make for all instances(- static) and this map cannot be changed(- const); I have found this way with boost library std::map<int, char> example = boost::assign::map_list_of(1, 'a') (2, 'b') (3, 'c'); Is there other solution without this lib? I have tried something like this, but there are always some issues with map initialization. class myClass{ private: static map<int,int> create_map() { map<int,int> m; m[1] = 2; m[3] = 4; m[5] = 6; return m; } static map<int,int> myMap = create_map(); } thanks

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  • Unicode and PHP - am I doing something wrong?

    - by alex
    I'm using Kohana 3, which has full support for Unicode. I have this as the first child of my <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> The Unicode character I am inserting into is é as in Café. However, I am getting the triangle with a ? (as in could not decode character). As far as I can tell in my own code, I am not doing any string manipulation on the text. In fact, I have placed the accent straight into a view's PHP file and it is still not working. I copied the character from this page: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/00e9/index.htm I've only just started examining PHP's Unicode limitations, so I could be doing something horribly wrong. So, how do I display this character? Do I need to resort to the HTML entity?

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  • Initialize a static member ( an array) in C++

    - by Jimmy zhang
    I intended to create a class which only have static members and static functions. One of the member variable is an array. Would it be possible to initialize it without using constructors? I am having lots of linking errors right now... Class A{ public: static char a[128]; static void do_something(); } How would you initialize a[128]? Why can't I initialize a[128] by directly specifying its value like in C? a[128={1,2,3,...};

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  • const read only local copies

    - by robUK
    Hello gcc 4.4.4 c89 I am just wondering is it worth passing a const into a function. i.e. void do_something(const char *dest, const int size) The size is a read-only so I don't want to change it. However, some developers never have this as const has it is a local copy that is being used. The pointer is const as you can change the value in the calling routine. I always have a const on read-only local copies, as it confirms to anyone reading my code that it is a read-only variable. And also, when coding I don't make the mistake of changing it without realizing. Many thanks for any suggestions,

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  • Perl, treat string as binary byte array

    - by Mike
    In Perl, is it appropriate to use a string as a byte array containing 8-bit data? All the documentation I can find on this subject focuses on 7-bit strings. For instance, if I read some data from a binary file into $data my $data; open FILE, "<", $filepath; binmode FILE; read FILE $data 1024; and I want to get the first byte out, is substr($data,1,1) appropriate? (again, assuming it is 8-bit data) I come from a mostly C background, and I am used to passing a char pointer to a read() function. My problem might be that I don't understand what the underlying representation of a string is in Perl.

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  • SQL Insert multilingual characters

    - by Usman Akram
    I am trying to create a table in my MS SQL database for Languages. I want to store an English name of Language and a local name of language in the database. i.e. Language, Language(local) English, English German, Deutsch Italian, Italiano Japanese, ??? ... ... I have 279 languages that I want to import, but when I import it shows '?????' for some like japanese, Russian and arabic etc The database Collation is Latin1_General_CI_AS. I would also like advise on multilingual websites; if i have a database of product descriptions and I want to have translation in multiple languages, should I go for separate databases or Can I have translation in one databse? (I prefer not to duplicate data!). Anything else to make sure users are able to write comments in different languages (char encoding on web?) and can be stored in database.

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  • Parse a string containing percent sign into decimal

    - by Sebastian Seifert
    I have a simple string containing VAT-percantage value that needs to be stored in a decimal. The string looks like this: "19.00%". When I use the decimal.Parse() methode I always get an FormatException. Code looks like this NumberFormatInfo nfi = new NumberFormatInfo() { PercentDecimalSeparator = ".", PercentSymbol = "%" }; decimal.Parse("19.00%",NumberStyles.Any, nfi); I know, that it would be possible (in the excample above) to simply remove the %-char from the string and then parse. But isn't there a solution to use built in parsing, which can be used without testing the string for the type of number the user typed in.

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  • remote function with pthread

    - by user311130
    Hi all, I wrote some code in c, using pthread (I configured the linker and compiler in eclipse IDE first). #include <pthread.h> #include "starter.h" #include "UI.h" Page* MM; Page* Disk; PCB* all_pcb_array; void* display_prompt(void *id){ printf("Hello111\n"); return NULL; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { printf("Hello\n"); pthread_t *thread = (pthread_t*) malloc (sizeof(pthread_t)); pthread_create(thread, NULL, display_prompt, NULL); printf("Hello\n"); return 1; } that works fine. However, when I move display_prompt to UI.h no "Hello111 " output is printed. anyone know how to solve that? Elad

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  • When do I need to deallocate memory?

    - by extintor
    I am using this code inside a class to make a webbrowser control visit a website: void myClass::visitWeb(const char *url) { WCHAR buffer[MAX_LEN]; ZeroMemory(buffer, sizeof(buffer)); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, url, strlen(url), buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1); VARIANT vURL; vURL.vt = VT_BSTR; vURL.bstrVal = SysAllocString(buffer); // webbrowser navigate code... VariantClear(&vURL); } I call visitWeb from another void function that gets called on the handlemessage() for the app. Do I need to do some memory deallocation here?, I see vURL is being deallocated by VariantClear but should I deallocate memory for buffer? I've been told that in another bool I have in the same app I shouldn't deallocate anything because everything clear out when the bool return true/false, but what happens on this void?

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  • C# Convert negative int to 11 bits

    - by Klemenko
    I need to convert numbers in interval [–1024, 1016]. I'm converting to 11 bits like that: string s = Convert.ToString(value, 2); //Convert to binary in a string int[] bits = s.PadLeft(11, '0') // Add 0's from left .Select(c => int.Parse(c.ToString())) // convert each char to int .ToArray(); // Convert IEnumerable from select to Array This works perfectly for signed integers [0, 1016]. But for negative integers I get 32 bits result. Do you have any idea how to convert negative integers to 11 bits array?

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  • Leak caused by fread

    - by Jack
    I'm profiling code of a game I wrote and I'm wondering how it is possible that the following snippet causes an heap increase of 4kb (I'm profiling with Heapshot Analysis of Xcode) every time it is executed: u8 WorldManager::versionOfMap(FILE *file) { char magic[4]; u8 version; fread(magic, 4, 1, file); <-- this is the line fread(&version,1,1,file); fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET); return version; } According to the profiler the highlighted line allocates 4.00Kb of memory with a malloc every time the function is called, memory which is never released. This thing seems to happen with other calls to fread around the code, but this was the most eclatant one. Is there anything trivial I'm missing? Is it something internal I shouldn't care about? Just as a note: I'm profiling it on an iPhone and it's compiled as release (-O2).

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  • Does malloc() allocate a contiguous block of memory?

    - by user66854
    I have a piece of code written by a very old school programmer :-) . it goes something like this typedef struct ts_request { ts_request_buffer_header_def header; char package[1]; } ts_request_def; ts_request_buffer_def* request_buffer = malloc(sizeof(ts_request_def) + (2 * 1024 * 1024)); the programmer basically is working on a buffer overflow concept. I know the code looks dodgy. so my questions are: Does malloc always allocate contiguous block of memory ?. because in this code if the blocks are not contiguous , the code will fail big time Doing free(request_buffer) , will it free all the bytes allocated by malloc i.e sizeof(ts_request_def) + (2 * 1024 * 1024), or only the bytes of the size of the structure sizeof(ts_request_def) Do you see any evident problems with this approach , i need to discuss this with my boss and would like to point out any loopholes with this approach

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  • best way to output a full precision double into a text file

    - by flevine100
    Hi, I need to use an existing text file to store some very precise values. When read back in, the numbers essentially need to be exactly equivalent to the ones that were originally written. Now, a normal person would use a binary file... for a number of reasons, that's not possible in this case. So... do any of you have a good way of encoding a double as a string of characters (aside from increasing the precision). My first thought was to cast the double to a char[] and write out the chars. I don't think that's going to work because some of the characters are not visible, produce sounds, and even terminate strings ('\0'... I'm talkin to you!) Thoughts?

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  • Consolidate loan, purchase & sale tables into one transaction table.

    - by Frank Computer
    INFORMIX-SE with ISQL 7.3: I have separate tables for Loan, Purchase & Sales transactions. Each tables rows are joined to their respective customer rows by: customer.id [serial] = loan.foreign_id [integer]; = purchase.foreign_id [integer]; = sale.foreign_id [integer]; I would like to consolidate the three tables into one table called "transaction", where a column: transaction.trx_type char(1) {L=Loan, P=Purchase, S=Sale} identifies the transaction type. Each transaction will be assigned a unique transaction number [serial]. Is this a good idea or is it better to keep them in separate tables? Storage space is not a concern, I think it would be easier programming & user-wise to have all types of transactions under one table, whenever possible. This implies denormalization.

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  • converting string to int in C++

    - by xbonez
    I am trying to convert a string I read in from a file to an int value so I can store it in an integer variable. This is what my code looks like: ifstream sin; sin.open("movie_output.txt"); string line; getline(sin,line); myMovie.setYear(atoi(line)); Over here, setYear is a mutator in the Movie class (myMovie is an object of Movie class) that looks like this: void Movie::setYear(unsigned int year) { year_ = year; } When I run the code, I get the following error: error C2664: 'atoi' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'std::string' to 'const char *' 1> No user-defined-conversion operator available that can perform this conversion, or the operator cannot be called

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  • Error in IE8 Browser -> Message: Object doesn't support this property or method

    - by tibin mathew
    Hi All, In my joomla project(http://crystalwrightlive.com) home page there is one sliding banner section, but this banner not working in IE browser (working fine in FF browser) and showing following error: Webpage error details User Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB6; InfoPath.2) Timestamp: Sat, 8 May 2010 06:42:15 UTC Message: Object doesn't support this property or method Line: 1 Char: 1 Code: 0 URI: http://crystalwrightlive.com/index.php In index page included a jquery file: http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js when i removed this JS file, no error but this JQuery file needed for this sliding banner. How can i fix this issue, Please anyone help me!!!!

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  • PHP Escaping from HTML, faster, cleanner?!

    - by rno
    I've read about it from the php website (http://us3.php.net/manual/en/language.basic-syntax.phpmode.php) Using: echo "<html tag>" is slower and also annoying because you got to escape char like " with \" But what's about using $output = <<< EOF <html code> EOF; Then later on in the code I can use $output .= <<< EOF <some more html code> EOF; then when I want to print it: echo "$output"; I think it's a great idea, but really wonder what you PHP guru think about it. Cheers, rno

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