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• How can I perform a controlled shutdown of a virtualbox guest using VBoxManage?

  - by Bryan

  I'm currently testing Ubuntu 10.04, and have install the VirtualBox software. I have also installed Ubuntu 10.04 as a VirtualBox guest running on the host system. I've installed the VirtualBox Utils into the guest OS, as follows: sudo apt-get install virtualbox-ose-guest-utils What I want to be able to do is to initiate a controlled shutdown of the guest, from the host system using the VBoxManage command. I first tried this command: VBoxManage controlvm guest poweroff which worked, but didn't initiate a controlled shutdown, it effectively pulls the plug on the guest. I've since found that this command should do the trick: VBoxManage controlvm guest acpipowerbutton but this doesn't appear to do anything. Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? p.s. I don't want to use SSH & Certificates to do this, as I'm also going to be running Windows guests, and I want the solution to work for all guests.

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• Resolving real IP address out of a dynamic dns address

  - by stavnir

  I recently opened a dynamic dns user (at no-ip for that matter..) for my own personal needs and especially for ssh-ing my computer whenever I need to, without knowing it's static IP. My questions are: Am I misusing the concept of dynamic dns? Are there more appropriate methods to do what I want to do? If not, how do I resolve my router's real ip address? Firefox somehow manages to do so, nslookup and other similar commands only resolve the ip of the ddns server (e.g. no-ip.org). Trying to figure this mystery with wireshark failed miserably ;)

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• centos: su silently fails

  - by matteo

  On a CentOS server where I'm logged via SSH as root, I do: su otherusername where 'otherusername' is the user name of another user, which exists. It does nothing. After that, I'm still root. whoami returns root, any file I create belongs to root, that is, su just doesn't su. However it does not give any error message. If I try to su with an invalid user name it does give an error message. What am I missing??

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• How to make an ISO copy of Linux-filesystem and user files of VPS Debian based?

  - by moogeek

  Hello! I have a Debian-Based VPS on some hosting. I want to migrate from it and i need to make a full copy of all Linux-filesystem (and installed packages) + all home directory with website files. And then pack/convert it to ISO image so that to use it on cloud hostings like Amazon. The problem is that i have only ssh root access. Hosting support can't do that for me. Another part of the question - is it possible to enlarge the Linux-filesystem by not re-installing it and using the free space of home directory? Is it possible to do? I guess it is possible with rsync or something like that. Will my Mysql databes copy together with all other data? Thanks in advance!

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• How to make an ISO copy of Linux-filesystem and user files of VPS Debian based?

  - by moogeek

  Hello! I have a Debian-Based VPS on some hosting. I want to migrate from it and i need to make a full copy of all Linux-filesystem (and installed packages) + all home directory with website files. And then pack/convert it to ISO image so that to use it on cloud hostings like Amazon. The problem is that i have only ssh root access. Hosting support can't do that for me. Another part of the question - is it possible to enlarge the Linux-filesystem by not re-installing it and using the free space of home directory? Is it possible to do? I guess it is possible with rsync or something like that. Will my Mysql databes copy together with all other data? Thanks in advance!

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• Gitosis on Mac OS X (Snow Leopard)

  - by Shyam

  Hi, I have a Snow Leopard box, where I have gitosis installed (Warning: noob alert), added a git user and I am able to remotely login to the machine with ssh. Locally, I can 'clone' my created repositories, as I can 'clone' the gitosis-admin too. Works perfect. I clone these using the 'git' user. git clone git@my-remote-machine:reponame.git remotely logged in, what doesn't work: git clone git@localhost:reponame.git However on that same remote machine where the repositories live, I can't clone from the localhost. It asks for a password, which wasn't created as far as I know. What am I doing wrong? Thank you for your replies!

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• rsync for coping file

  - by vinayrks

  I am migrating my old server to new server . I used this server for hosting website . first I tried sftp but due to huge number of files and connection time out , it simply didn't work . then I tried rsync .rsync working good , but only problem I am facing it updating file very nicely & fastly but do not copy new files please help me . because still i need to transfer lots of file. I am using this command : rsync -anv -e ssh oldserver:/path/ /path

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• How to prevent unison syncronize file when file process uploading

  - by user134600

  I use CentOS 5.8 Final. My situation is I running unison with cron where script below : */1 * * * * /usr/bin/unison /dev/null 2&1 and default profile like below : root = /var/www root = ssh://web02.example.com//var/www auto=true batch=true confirmbigdel=true fastcheck=true group=true owner=true prefer=newer silent=true times=true So in every minutes will syncronized www folder . My problem are : I upload file with size bigger than 10 MB to www from client with user1 permission where www folder is user1 owner. file in processing uploading then unison running in that minute and suddenly file upload owner changed to root:root When I editing file in www folder then I save when unison running, file owner changed to root:root where should be user1:user1 Is there anyone know about this problem?

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• switch's mgmt-ip is not remotely reachable.

  - by RainDoctor

  Switch model: Netgear FSM7352PS mgmt-ip: 192.168.1.100/24 Vlan id: 1 (default) There are couple of hosts in this Vlan: 192.168.1.2 (esxi console), for instance. 192.168.1.1 is the firewall/router interface. I can ping 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.2 from other vlans, say, 172.31.0.0/24 I can ssh to 192.168.1.2 from 172.31.0.0/24 I can't ping 192.168.1.100 from 172.31.0.0/24 However, I can ping 192.168.1.100 from 192.168.1.2 or from my laptop connected to that vlan (192.168.1.11). I can connect to the web GUI from my laptop when I am in that Vlan. Can anyone shed some light on why I am not able to connect from other vlans?

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• using Linux vncviewer

  - by Darkoni

  when i am connecting to VNC server using wine on linux $ wine vncviewer.exe i have to enter: VNC Server: 1.1.1.21 Proxy/Reapeter: 195.29.18.33:1234 and then, when i connect, on top there is txt: 1.1.1.21:5900 (195.29.18.33:1234) mine question is: how to connect using vncviewer ? what to put in VNC_VIA_CMD ? $ export xlocalPort=1234 $ export xremoteHost=1.1.1.21 $ export xremotePort=5900 $ export xgateway=195.29.18.33 $ export VNC_VIA_CMD="/usr/bin/ssh -f -L $xlocalPort:$xremoteHost:$xremotePort $xgateway sleep 20" $ vncviewer $xremoteHost -via $xgateway and i get error: unable connect to socket: Connection refused (111) i was trying to help myself with page http://www.tightvnc.com/vncviewer.1.php Please help, couse i need to use "native" linux vncviewer installed by $ yum install tigervnc tigervnc.i686 0:1.0.90-0.13.20100420svn4030.fc13

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• samba shares dissapear everynight

  - by Crash893

  I have ubuntu 8.04lts and recently a weird problem has been cropping up. every night something happens and in the morning my coworkers cant see the shares. If i try to remote into the machine via ssh i don't get a prompt . when i rebooted the machine i would get a "video cannot be displayed in this mode" screen and no other activity on the box. I booted from grub into recovery and tried doing a package repair (keeping my smb.conf) and that didn't seem to do anything after a few other reboots I was able to get it to come up (im not sure what i did) yesterday it did teh same thing i booted to recovery then did a repair xserver and it came right up so i thought that resovled the issue but then today same thing anyone have any idea on what i can look for (im very new to linux in general) worst case sennerio can i just reinstall ubuntu over again with out blowing out the data?

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• How to document linux server configuration?

  - by Margaret Thorpe

  Hi, I have about 20 linux servers which I need to document the configuration of. I do not mean the detailed configuration of services, but rather user accounts, databases, databases accounts, ip addresses, physical location, SSH port etc. etc. I know all this data is stored in config files, but I want to centralize it all. I am considering just creating a spreadsheet to record this data, but was wondering if there is something better (perhaps a small php/mysql app) which would be more structured and complete than a hacked together spreadsheet. What do you use?

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• ScreenShare: command line and observe only.

  - by Shyam

  Hi, I have a wide TV screen that is attached to a Mac Mini. I am able to use this screen as a second screen using an application like ScreenRecycler. However, Sometimes I want to demonstrate what I am doing on my box on this TV screen. As this TV is attached to a Mac Mini, I want to have a screen sharing done reversed. As I know screen share can be done in observe mode and full screen, this would be more than sufficient. Because it would be pretty useless to run it continuously, I want it on demand. For this, I want to use SSH. So the only thing I would like to know is, how do I start screen sharing in from a Terminal Session. On Windows, I could start an application by using "start notepad.exe", I am looking for something similar. Eventually, I want to make this work on other boxes too. Thanks for your help!

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• username and password for rsync in script

  - by sims

  I'm creating a cron job to keep two dirs in sync. I'm using rsync. I'm running an rsync daemon. I read the manual and it says: RSYNC_PASSWORD Setting RSYNC_PASSWORD to the required password allows you to run authenticated rsync connections to an rsync daemon without user intervention. Note that this does not supply a password to a shell transport such as ssh. USER or LOGNAME The USER or LOGNAME environment variables are used to determine the default username sent to an rsync daemon. If neither is set, the username defaults to 'nobody' I have something like: #!/bin/bash USER=name RSYNC_PASSWORD=pass DEST="server::module" /usr/bin/rsync -rltvvv . $DEST I also tried exporting (dangerous, I know) USER and RSYNC_PASSWORD. I also tried with LOGNAME. Nothing works. Am I doing this correctly?

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• CentOS: eth0 not starting on boot

  - by Cameron Aziz

  Whenever I reboot a CentOS Hyper-V VM, eth0 does not start automatically. All I need to do is perform ifup eth0 and all is fixed, but that isn't feasible from ssh! I am starting in runlevel 3. After I perform ifup eth0 on the console: [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:15:5D:2B:2B:07 inet addr:10.10.0.3 Bcast:10.10.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::215:5dff:fe2b:2b07/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:34 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:49 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4656 (4.5 KiB) TX bytes:6399 (6.2 KiB) Interrupt:9 Base address:0xa000 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.10.0.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=10.10.0.1 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep network network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

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• Simple one-way synchronisation of user password list between servers

  - by Renaud Bompuis

  Using a RedHat-derivative distro (CentOS), I'd like to keep the list of regular users (UID over 500), and group (and shadow files) pushed to a backup server. The sync is only one-way, from the main server to the backup server. I don't really want to have to deal with LDAP or NIS. All I need is a simple script that can be run nightly to keep the backup server updated. The main server can SSH into the backup system. Any suggestion? Edit: Thanks for the suggestions so far but I think I didn't make myself clear enough. I'm only looking at synchronising normal users whose UID is on or above 500. System/service users (with UID below 500) may be different on both system. So you can't just sync the whole files I'm afraid.

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• Start kippo on Ubuntu startup

  - by Cory Gagliardi

  I'm setting up a new Ubuntu 14.04 server and followed these instructions to install kippo (the SSH Honeypot). To run kippo, I do: su kippo ~/kippo/start.sh The contents of start.sh is simply: #!/bin/sh echo -n "Starting kippo in background..." authbind --deep twistd -y kippo.tac -l log/kippo.log --pidfile kippo.pid Which starts up a background process for kippo. What can I do to make this automatically run on startup? Do I need to add a script that calls this in /etc/init.d?

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• Nomachine 4 for X forwarding

  - by Yair

  I have been using nomachine nx client to connect from my mac to an ubuntu server for a while now and it has been a great experience. The most useful feature for me was the option to open up just one application on the remote machine, instead of a full remote desktop connection. I used to to open a terminal on the remote machine. Basically it was a much faster, much better replacement for ssh -X. All was great until I upgraded to the new version - nomachine 4. In this version I can not find that option. I have to run a full remote desktop session, which slows things down and is also much less convenient for my work. Was this option removed from the client? Or is it hiding somewhere in there and I just can't find it?

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• Ubuntu displaying GDM but no login

  - by Shawn

  Ubuntu (Wubi, Lucid Lynx) boots and shows the login screen itself with the background and plays the boot sound but a list of users is never displayed. A mouse is on screen and I can move it but, alas, it does nothing. Dropping to a virtual term with CTRL+Alt+F# drops me to a cursor but I can't actually input anything. I can't boot into single-user with GRUB since it's Wubi and it never specifies a boot kernel directly in GRUB's initial menu.lst (only in files that it then reads from). Other details that may be helpful: Single monitor Same video card that's been working for months No new hardware Edit: I ssh'd in since it evidently booted up the sshd which is handy. dpkg-reconfigure gdm didn't do anything helpful. I do, however, get a "no seat-id found" when manually running it.

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• Howto find internal IP server by external IP

  - by HWTech

  I've got 12 servers in datacenter, but can login by SSH into one of them (facade server), other servers available only from it. In hosts file we have ip list each of available servers. milkov@devel:/var/www/davel$ cat /etc/hosts 192.168.1.4 data1 192.168.1.7 data2 192.168.1.5 bground1 192.168.1.6 bground2 192.168.1.10 frontend1 192.168.1.11 frontend2 ... Also I've domain megaplan.tvigle.ru (IP 79.142.100.36). Question: How to know which one of servers serve this domain? How to find servers internal ip-address by external IP. PS: Sorry about my Eng. lng

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• Are periodic full backups really necessary on an incremental backup setup?

  - by user2229980

  I intend to use an old computer I have as a remote backup server for myself and a few other people. We are all geographically separated, and the plan is to do incremental daily backups using rsync and ssh. My original idea was to make one initial full backup then never again have to deal with the overhead of doing it, and from that moment on only copy the files changed since the last backup. I've been told that this could be bad, but I fail to understand why. Since each snapshot is comprised of hard links to the unchanged files plus the original changed ones, isn't it going to be identical to a new full backup? Why would I want to make another full backup?

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• Improving server security [closed]

  - by Vicenç Gascó

  I've been developing webapps for a while ... and I always had a sysadmin which made the environment perfect to run my apps with no worries. But now I am starting a project on myself, and I need to set up a server, knowing near to nothing about it. All I need to do is just have a Linux, with a webserver (I usually used Apache), PHP and MySQL. I'll also need SSH, SSL to run https:// and FTP to transfer files. I know how to install almost everything (need advice about SSL) with Ubuntu Server, but I am concerned about the security topic ... say: firewall, open/closed ports, php security, etc ... Where can I found a good guide covering this topics? Everything else in the server... I don't need it, and I wanna know how to remove it, to avoid resources consumption. Final note: I'll be running the webapp at amazon-ec2 or rackspace cloud servers. Thanks in advance!!

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• Trying to script rsync using pam_exec

  - by Ricky-Rose

  I'm trying to write a bash script that will execute rsync when called by pam_exec. I've tried a couple different ways, and I'm not sure what I'm doing wrong. When I try to run the script at login by adding session optional pam_exec.so /usr/bin/local/sync.sh to my sshd file, it gives me an exit code of 12. if I log in and then manually run my script, it allows me to connect to the remote server, and it lists my files, but it doesn't actually sync anything. I have tried the code below using buth $USER and $PAM_USER. $PAM_USER doesn't work at all. #!/bin/sh rsync -azv -e ssh $USER@remote_server:/home/html/$USER/ /home/html/$USER

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• Copy files between two windows machines on seperate domains

  - by Simon

  I need to copy several database backups between two computers. The source computer initiates the copy and is a Windows 2000 pc and is a member of domain1. The destination machine is running Windows Server 2000 and is a member of domain2. The machines are on separate networks physically connected via a firewall. The files are currently copied via ssh with http://sshwindows.sourceforge.net/ installed on the destination machine. There is no need to encrypt the contents during the copy, however the passwords should not be sent in the clear. I am looking for a way to copy the files without having to install a server on the destination. I specifically need help with how to set up the permissions and what ports would need to be opened on the firewall.

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• How do I make webmin secure?

  - by Josiah

  I want to install webmin to make server administration tasks on my Ubuntu 10.4 server easier. However I'm very nervious about having that kind of power accessable over the web. So I want to know how to secure webmin so that it can't be used to comprimise my server. So far here are my ideas, but I still don't feel comfortable: Make webmin accessable from only the localhost (how?) Use SSH tunneling to access the webmin server whenever I need to administrate it Can anyone help me with instructions on making webmin accessable only from the localhost? What other ways can I make webmin secure?

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